WO2020111166A1 - 全固体電池 - Google Patents
全固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020111166A1 WO2020111166A1 PCT/JP2019/046500 JP2019046500W WO2020111166A1 WO 2020111166 A1 WO2020111166 A1 WO 2020111166A1 JP 2019046500 W JP2019046500 W JP 2019046500W WO 2020111166 A1 WO2020111166 A1 WO 2020111166A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
- H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an all-solid-state battery, for example, an all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery.
- an all-solid-state battery for example, an all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery.
- the lithium-ion secondary battery is widely used as a power source for portable small devices such as mobile phones, notebook PCs and PDAs. Lithium-ion secondary batteries used in such portable small devices are required to be smaller, thinner, and more reliable.
- lithium-ion secondary batteries it is known to use an organic electrolyte solution as an electrolyte and a solid electrolyte.
- An all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are laminated via a solid electrolyte layer has a high degree of freedom in designing a battery shape as compared with a lithium-ion secondary battery using an organic electrolyte solution. It is easy to reduce the size and thickness, and since electrolyte leakage does not occur, it has the advantage of high reliability.
- all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary batteries are non-flammable like other electronic components, they have the advantage that they can be mounted on a board by reflow soldering.
- all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary batteries like lithium-ion secondary batteries using organic electrolytes, insert and desorb lithium ions. Since the charging/discharging reaction is repeatedly performed, the volume change due to expansion and contraction occurs with the charging/discharging reaction. Therefore, in an all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery, a region in which the negative electrode and the positive electrode face each other, which contributes to the charge/discharge reaction, that is, a region in which volume expansion/contraction occurs due to charge/discharge, and a negative electrode and the positive electrode do not face each other.
- the porosity of the region of the solid electrolyte layer close to the electrode is adjusted. It has been studied to reduce the porosity and increase the porosity in a region away from the electrode (Patent Document 1).
- Li ions do not pass through the voids in the solid electrolyte layer. Therefore, if the porosity of the solid electrolyte layer is increased and the number of voids is increased, the Li ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte layer may decrease.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, the object is to suppress the generation of cracks inside the battery due to the volume change of the electrode without forming a region having a high porosity in the solid electrolyte layer. Another object is to provide an all-solid-state battery with excellent cycle characteristics.
- a positive electrode having a positive electrode current collector layer and a positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode having a negative electrode current collector layer and a negative electrode active material layer are solid electrolytes. And a first side surface on which the positive electrode current collector layer is exposed, the first side surface facing the first side surface, and a negative electrode having a side surface formed as a surface parallel to the stacking direction.
- a laminate including a second side surface from which the current collector layer is exposed, a positive electrode external terminal attached to the first side surface, and a negative electrode external terminal attached to the second side surface.
- n is a natural number
- the distance Lc n from the second side surface side end of the positive electrode to the second side surface and the distance Lc from the second side surface side end of the (n+1)th layer positive electrode to the second side surface.
- n+1 the distance La n from the first side face side end of the negative electrode of the nth layer to the first side face, and the first side face side end of the n+1th layer of the negative electrode.
- the difference from at least one of the distances to the distance La n+1 is 10 ⁇ m or more.
- both the difference between the distance Lc n and the distance Lc n+1 and the difference between the distance La n and the distance La n+1 are 10 ⁇ m or more. It may have a certain configuration.
- the difference between the distance Lc n and the distance Lc n+1 and the difference between the distance La n and the distance La n+1 are 400 ⁇ m. The following configurations may be adopted.
- the second side surface of the positive electrode of the n-th layer (where n is a natural number) is connected to the second side surface of the positive electrode.
- maximum value of the distance Lc n to side may be configured not more than 30% of the distance between the first side and the second side surface.
- the stacked body further includes a third side surface and a fourth side surface that are arranged to face each other,
- at least one of the difference between the difference between the distance Wa n + 1 from the end portion to the third side surface (Wa n + 1 -Wa n) may be configured at 10 ⁇ m or more.
- both the difference between the distance Wc n and the distance Wc n+1 and the difference between the distance Wa n and the distance Wa n+1 are 10 ⁇ m or more. It may have a certain configuration.
- the difference of the difference between the distance Wc n and the distance Wc n + 1, and with the distance Wa n and the distance Wa n + 1 is 400 ⁇ m
- the following configurations may be adopted.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1. It is an expanded sectional view of the IIIA section of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the IIIB section of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view showing the charge state of the IIIA section of Drawing 3A. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the charge state of the IIIB section of FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of an all-solid-state battery according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of the IIIA portion of FIG. 2
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the IIIB portion of FIG.
- the all-solid-state battery 10 includes a laminated body 20 in which a positive electrode 30 and a negative electrode 40 are laminated via a solid electrolyte layer 50.
- a plurality of positive electrodes 30 and a plurality of negative electrodes 40 are alternately laminated.
- the number of laminated layers of the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 is not particularly limited, but is generally in the range of 10 layers or more and 200 layers or less, preferably in the range of 20 layers or more and 100 layers or less, as the total number of the positive electrodes 30 and the negative electrodes 40. is there.
- the stacked body 20 is a hexahedron, and has four side surfaces (first side surface 21, second side surface 22, third side surface 23, fourth side surface 24) formed as surfaces parallel to the stacking direction, and the stacking direction. It has an upper surface formed above and a lower surface formed below as a surface orthogonal to the (Z direction).
- the positive electrode current collector layer is exposed on the first side surface 21, and the negative electrode current collector layer is exposed on the second side surface 22.
- the third side surface 23 is a right side surface when viewed from the first side surface 21 side with the upper surface facing upward
- the fourth side surface 24 is a left side surface when viewed from the first side surface 21 side with the upper surface facing upward.
- the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 are arranged to face each other.
- the third side surface 23 and the fourth side surface are provided perpendicular to the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22, respectively, and are arranged to face each other.
- the positive electrode 30 has a positive electrode current collector layer 31 and a positive electrode active material layer 32.
- the positive electrode current collector layer 31 is exposed from the first side surface 21.
- the positive electrode active material layer 32 may be exposed from the first side surface 21 or may not be exposed.
- the negative electrode 40 has a negative electrode current collector layer 41 and a negative electrode active material layer 42.
- the negative electrode current collector layer 41 is exposed from the second side surface 22 that faces the first side surface 21.
- the negative electrode active material layer 42 may be exposed from the second side surface 22 or may not be exposed.
- a positive electrode external terminal 35 electrically connected to the positive electrode current collector layer 31 is attached to the first side surface 21 of the laminated body 20.
- a negative electrode external terminal 45 electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector layer 41 is attached to the second side surface 22 of the stacked body 20.
- the positive electrode active material layer 32 of the positive electrode 30 releases lithium ions, and the negative electrode active material layer 42 of the negative electrode 40 occludes lithium ions. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the positive electrode active material layer 32 contracts and the negative electrode active material layer 42 expands in the region where the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 face each other. On the other hand, in the region where the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 do not face each other, the volume change of the positive electrode active material layer 32 and the negative electrode active material layer 42 does not occur. Therefore, a difference occurs in the stress applied to the solid electrolyte layer 50 at each of the end portion of the negative electrode 40 on the positive electrode external terminal 35 side and the end portion of the positive electrode 30 on the negative electrode external terminal 45 side.
- the first side face side of the negative electrode 40a of the nth layer (where n is a natural number).
- the distance La n from the end portion to the first side surface 21, n + difference between the distance La n + 1 from the first side surface side end portion to the first side surface 21 of the first layer of the negative electrode 40b (La n + 1 -La n ) is more than 10 ⁇ m It is said that.
- the n-th layer means the positive electrode 30 or the negative electrode 40 of the n-th layer counting from the bottom.
- the (n+1)th layer means an electrode of the same polarity on the first layer in the stacking direction with respect to the electrode of the nth layer.
- the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) becomes too large, the charge/discharge capacity of the all-solid-state battery 10 may decrease. For this reason, it is preferable that the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) is 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) between the distance La n and the distance La n+1 is 10 ⁇ m or more in all of the negative electrodes 40 stacked in the all-solid-state battery 10.
- the average value of the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) between the distance La n and the distance La n+1 defined by the following formula (1) is 10 ⁇ m or more.
- represents the absolute value of the difference (La n+1 ⁇ La n ) between the distance La n and the distance La n+1
- m is the total number of layers of the negative electrode 40. is there.
- the difference between the distance Lc n + 1 from the second side face side end portions of the n + 1 th layer of the positive electrode 30b to the second side surface 22 is equal to or greater than 10 [mu] m.
- the difference (Lc n+1 ⁇ Lc n ) is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the difference (Lc n+1 ⁇ Lc n ) is preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the average value of the difference (Lc n+1 ⁇ Lc n ) between the distance Lc n and the distance Lc n+1 in the following formula (2) is 10 ⁇ m or more.
- represents the absolute value of the difference (Lc n+1 ⁇ Lc n ) between the distance Lc n and the distance Lc n+1
- m is the total number of layers of the positive electrode 30. is there.
- the maximum value of the distance Lc n from the second side face side end of the positive electrode 30 a of the nth layer (where n is a natural number) to the second side face 22 is the maximum value of the first side face 21 and the second side face 22. It is preferably 30% or less of the distance (distance between the end faces of the positive and negative electrodes).
- the maximum value of the distance La n With the above-mentioned range, it is possible to secure a sufficient charge-discharge capacity of the all-solid-state cell 10.
- the distance La n from the first side face side end of the negative electrode 40a to the first side face 21 and the second side of the n-th layer positive electrode 30a is not limited to this, instead of the configuration for the X-direction of the laminated body 20 (FIG. 1), the Y-direction of the laminated body 20, the The same configuration as can be used.
- the difference between the distance Wa n + 1 from the third side face side end portion to the third side surface 23 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) may also be 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the difference between n + 1 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n) may also be 10 ⁇ m or more.
- both the difference between the distance Wc n and the distance Wc n+1 and the difference between the distance Wa n and the distance Wa n+1 are 10 ⁇ m or more. Further, it is preferable that the difference between the distance Wc n and the distance Wc n+1 and the difference between the distance La n and the distance La n+1 are 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the positive electrode current collector layer 31 and the negative electrode current collector layer 41 preferably have high conductivity. Therefore, it is preferable to use silver, palladium, gold, platinum, aluminum, copper, nickel or the like for the positive electrode current collector layer 31 and the negative electrode current collector layer 41. Among these substances, copper hardly reacts with the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material, and the solid electrolyte. Therefore, when copper is used for the positive electrode current collector layer 31 and the negative electrode current collector layer 41, the internal resistance of the all-solid-state battery 10 can be reduced.
- the materials forming the positive electrode current collector layer 31 and the negative electrode current collector layer 41 may be the same or different.
- the positive electrode active material layer 32 is formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector layer 31. However, when the positive electrode 30 is formed on the uppermost layer in the stacking direction of the stacked body 20, there is no negative electrode 40 facing the positive electrode 30 located on the uppermost layer. Therefore, in the positive electrode 30 located in the uppermost layer, the positive electrode active material layer 32 may be formed only on one surface on the lower side in the stacking direction.
- the negative electrode active material layer 42 is also formed on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector layer 41. However, when the negative electrode 40 is formed on the lowermost layer in the stacking direction of the stacked body 20, there is no facing positive electrode 30 below the negative electrode 40 located on the lowermost layer. Therefore, in the negative electrode 40 located in the lowermost layer, the negative electrode active material layer 42 may be formed only on one surface on the upper side in the stacking direction.
- the positive electrode active material layer 32 and the negative electrode active material layer 42 include a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material that exchange electrons.
- a conductive aid, a binder, etc. may be included.
- the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are preferably capable of efficiently inserting and releasing lithium ions.
- a transition metal oxide or a transition metal composite oxide is preferably used.
- LiV 2 O 5 lithium vanadium compound
- olivine type LiMbPO 4 where Mb is at least one element selected from Co, Ni, Mn, Fe, Mg, Nb, Ti, Al and Zr
- lithium vanadium phosphate Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 or LiVOPO 4
- Li 2 MnO 3 —LiMcO 2 Li 2 MnO 3 —LiMcO 2
- Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 using a Li s Ni t Co u Al v O 2 (0.9 ⁇ s ⁇ 1.3,0.9 ⁇ t + u + v ⁇ 1.1) composite metal oxide represented by like be able to.
- the negative electrode active material and the positive electrode active material may be selected according to the solid electrolyte described later.
- Li 1+n Al n Ti 2-n (PO 4 ) 3 (0 ⁇ n ⁇ 0.6) is used for the solid electrolyte
- LiVOPO 4 and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 are used for the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material.
- the solid electrolyte layer 50 contains a solid electrolyte.
- a material having low electron conductivity and high lithium ion conductivity for example, perovskite type compounds such as La 0.51 Li 0.34 TiO 2.94 and La 0.5 Li 0.5 TiO 3 and lithicon type compounds such as Li 14 Zn(GeO 4 ) 4 ; Garnet type compounds such as Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 and Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 Nasicon type compounds, such as Li 3.25 Ge 0.25 P 0.75 S 4 and Li 3 PS 4 thiolysicon type compounds, 50Li 4 SiO 4 .50Li 3 BO 3 and Li 2 SP 2 S 5 and Li Glass compounds such as 2 O—Li 3 O 5 —SiO 2 and phosphorus such as Li 3 PO 4 and Li 3.5 Si 0.5 P 0.5 O 4 and Li 2.9 PO
- perovskite type compounds such as La 0.51 Li
- Acid compounds amorphous such as Li 2.9 PO 3.3 N 0.46 (LIPON) and Li 3.6 Si 0.6 P 0.4 O 4 , Li 1.07 Al 0.69 Ti 1.46 ( At least one selected from the group consisting of glass ceramics such as PO 4 ) 3 and Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 is desirable.
- the material of the positive electrode external terminal 35 and the negative electrode external terminal 45 it is preferable to use a material having a high conductivity.
- a material having a high conductivity For example, silver, gold, platinum, aluminum, copper, tin, nickel can be used.
- the manufacturing method of the all-solid-state battery 10 of the present embodiment may use a simultaneous firing method or a sequential firing method.
- the co-firing method is a method in which the materials forming the respective layers are laminated and the laminated body 20 is manufactured by collective firing.
- the sequential firing method is a method of sequentially producing each layer, and a firing step is performed each time each layer is produced.
- the use of the co-firing method can reduce the work steps for manufacturing the all-solid-state battery 10. Further, when the co-firing method is used, the obtained laminated body 20 becomes denser.
- a case of manufacturing the all-solid-state battery 10 using the co-firing method will be described as an example.
- the co-firing method is a step of producing a paste of each material constituting the laminate 20, a step of applying and drying the paste to produce a green sheet, a step of laminating the green sheets, and a step of co-firing the produced laminated sheet.
- each material of the positive electrode current collector layer 31, the positive electrode active material layer 32, the solid electrolyte layer 50, the negative electrode current collector layer 41, and the negative electrode active material layer 42 that form the laminated body 20 is made into a paste.
- the method of pasting is not particularly limited.
- a paste is obtained by mixing powder of each material with a vehicle.
- the vehicle is a general term for a medium in a liquid phase.
- the vehicle includes a solvent and a binder.
- the green sheet can be produced, for example, as follows. First, a paste for forming the solid electrolyte layer 50 is applied onto a base material such as a PET film by a doctor blade method and dried to form the sheet-like solid electrolyte layer 50. Next, a paste for forming the positive electrode active material layer 32, a paste for forming the positive electrode current collector layer 31, and a paste for forming the positive electrode active material layer 32 are formed on the solid electrolyte layer 50 by screen printing in this order. Print and dry. Then, the PET film is peeled off to prepare a positive electrode unit green sheet in which the solid electrolyte layer 50 and the positive electrode 30 are laminated.
- a paste for forming the solid electrolyte layer 50 is applied on a substrate such as a PET film by a doctor blade method and dried to form a sheet-like solid electrolyte layer 50. Then, a paste for forming the negative electrode active material layer 42, a paste for forming the negative electrode current collector layer 41, and a paste for forming the negative electrode active material layer 42 are printed on the solid electrolyte layer 50 by screen printing in this order. And dry. Then, the PET film is peeled off to produce a negative electrode unit green sheet in which the solid electrolyte layer 50 and the negative electrode 40 are laminated.
- the layer coated with the paste for forming the positive electrode 30 or the layer coated with the paste for forming the negative electrode 40 is thick, a step portion generated between the layer and a lower layer of the layer (the paste is not coated) It is also possible to perform step-filling printing in the margin portion).
- the material for the step-filling printing the material of the solid electrolyte layer 50 or the like can be used.
- the positive electrode unit green sheets and the negative electrode unit green sheets are alternately laminated.
- the positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheet, the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ) is 10 [mu] m or more, by shifting each layer so that the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) is equal to or greater than 10 [mu] m ( Laminate (offset).
- Laminate (offset) Laminate (offset).
- a sheet-shaped solid electrolyte layer 50 having a predetermined thickness is further stacked on the upper and lower surfaces in the stacking direction in which the positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheet are stacked. In this way, a laminated green sheet is obtained.
- the distance from the third side surface 23 of FIG. 1 to the positive electrode 30 and/or the negative electrode 40 may be different in each layer, and does not have to be the same. Further, the distance from the fourth side surface 23 to the positive electrode 30 and/or the negative electrode 40 may be different in each layer and need not be the same.
- the pressure bonding is preferably performed while heating.
- the heating temperature at the time of pressure bonding is, for example, 40°C to 95°C.
- Debinding is performed by heating the pressure-bonded green sheet laminate to, for example, 500°C to 750°C in an atmosphere of nitrogen, hydrogen or steam. Then, the sintered body (laminated body 20) is obtained by heating at 600° C. to 1000° C. in a nitrogen, hydrogen or water vapor atmosphere and performing simultaneous firing. The firing time is, for example, 0.1 hour to 3 hours.
- the positive electrode external terminal 35 is formed on the first side surface 21 of the laminate 20 and the negative electrode external terminal 45 is formed on the second side surface 22 so as to have a predetermined shape.
- a known method such as a sputtering method, a screen printing method, a dipping method, or a spray coating method can be used.
- the distance Lc n from the second side surface 22 side end portion of the n-th layer of the positive electrode 30 to the second side surface 22, n + 1 th layer of the positive electrode 30 of the The difference from the distance Lc n+1 from the end on the second side surface 22 side to the second side surface 22 (Lc n+1 ⁇ Lc n ), and the end on the first side surface 21 side of the n-th layer negative electrode 40 to the first side surface 21.
- the distance La n of, at least one of the difference between the difference (La n + 1 -La n) between the distance La n + 1 from the first side surface 21 side end portion of the (n + 1) th layer of the negative electrode 40 to the first side surface 21 is equal to or larger than 10 ⁇ m Therefore, with respect to the X direction (FIG. 1) of the stacked body 20, the difference in stress applied to the solid electrolyte layer 50 due to the volume change of the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 due to charge and discharge is relaxed. For this reason, the all-solid-state battery of the present embodiment suppresses the generation of cracks in the solid electrolyte layer 50 and has excellent cycle characteristics.
- the distance Wc n from the fourth side face 24 side end portion of the n-th layer of the positive electrode 30 to the fourth aspect from the fourth side face 24 side end portion of the (n + 1) th layer of the positive electrode 30 to the fourth aspect 24
- the Y direction of the stacked body 20 (FIG. 1).
- the difference in stress applied to the solid electrolyte layer 50 is mitigated by the volume change of the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 due to charge and discharge.
- the all-solid-state battery of the present embodiment suppresses the generation of cracks in the solid electrolyte layer 50 and has excellent cycle characteristics.
- the difference in stress applied to the solid electrolyte layer 50 in both the X direction and the Y direction (FIG. 1) of the laminate 20 is further alleviated, whereby the solid electrolyte is formed. Generation of cracks in the layer 50 is further suppressed, and more excellent cycle characteristics can be realized.
- Both n+1- La n ) are set to 10 ⁇ m or more, but the present invention is not limited to this form. Only it may be more 10 ⁇ m one difference of the positive electrode 30 difference (Lc n + 1 -Lc n) or the negative electrode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ).
- the difference in the stress applied to the solid electrolyte layer 50 due to the volume change of the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 due to charge/discharge is alleviated even if the solid electrolyte layer 50 is not provided with voids.
- voids may be provided in the solid electrolyte layer 50.
- Example 1 (Production of positive electrode unit green sheet) A paste (Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 paste) for forming the solid electrolyte layer 50 is applied on a PET film substrate by a doctor blade method, and dried to obtain a sheet-like solid. The electrolyte layer 50 was formed. Next, a paste for forming the positive electrode active material layer 32 (Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 paste) and a paste for forming the positive electrode current collector layer 31 (copper ( The Cu) paste) and the paste for forming the positive electrode active material layer 32 were printed in this order and dried to form the positive electrode 30.
- a paste for forming the positive electrode active material layer 32 Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 paste
- a paste for forming the positive electrode current collector layer 31 copper ( The Cu) paste
- the PET film was peeled off to prepare a positive electrode unit green sheet in which the solid electrolyte layer 50 and the positive electrode 30 were laminated.
- the solid electrolyte layer 50 had a thickness of 30 ⁇ m
- the positive electrode current collector layer 31 had a thickness of 5 ⁇ m
- the positive electrode active material layer 32 had a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- a paste for forming the solid electrolyte layer 50 was applied on the PET film substrate by the doctor blade method and dried to form the sheet-like solid electrolyte layer 50.
- a paste for forming the negative electrode active material layer 42 Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 paste
- a paste for forming the negative electrode current collector layer 41 copper ( The Cu) paste
- the paste for forming the negative electrode active material layer 42 were printed in this order and dried to form the positive electrode 30.
- the PET film was peeled off to prepare a positive electrode unit green sheet in which the solid electrolyte layer 50 and the negative electrode 40 were laminated.
- the solid electrolyte layer 50 had a thickness of 30 ⁇ m
- the negative electrode current collector layer 41 had a thickness of 5 ⁇ m
- the negative electrode active material layer 42 had a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- the obtained laminated green sheet was pressure-bonded under the conditions of 80° C., 100 kg/cm 2 , and 10 minutes.
- the pressed green sheet laminate was heated to 650° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to remove the binder, and was simultaneously fired to obtain a sintered body (laminate 20).
- the simultaneous firing was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at a firing temperature of 800° C. and a firing time of 1 hour.
- the side surface of the laminated body was polished to expose the positive electrode current collector layer 31 on the first side surface 21 and expose the negative electrode current collector layer 41 on the second side surface 22.
- a copper paste was applied to the first side surface, baked, and then electrolytically plated in the order of nickel and tin to provide a positive electrode external terminal 35 having a multilayer structure.
- a negative electrode external terminal 45 having a multilayer structure was provided on the second side surface 22 to manufacture an all-solid-state battery.
- the size of the all-solid-state battery thus manufactured was 4.5 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm ⁇ 1.1 mm on average.
- Example 2 In the preparation of the laminate, a positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, on average 50 ⁇ m difference of the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ), the average of the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) and a 50 ⁇ m An all-solid-state battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the layers were laminated as described above.
- Example 3 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ) is at 100 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) are laminated so as to be 100 [mu] m
- An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 4 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ) is at 200 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) are laminated so as to be 200 [mu] m
- An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 5 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ) is at 400 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) are laminated so as to be 400 [mu] m An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 6 In the production of the laminated body, the positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheet were measured so that the average of the difference (Wc n+1 ⁇ Wc n ) of the positive electrode 30 was 10 ⁇ m and the average of the difference of the negative electrode 40 (W a n +1 ⁇ Wan) was 10 ⁇ m.
- An all-solid-state battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the layers were laminated as described above.
- Example 7 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 50 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 50 [mu] m
- An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6 except for the above.
- Example 8 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 100 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 100 [mu] m An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6 except for the above.
- Example 9 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 200 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 200 [mu] m
- An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6 except for the above.
- Example 10 The positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 400 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 400 [mu] m An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6 except for the above.
- Example 11 In the preparation of the laminate, a positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheets, the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Lc n + 1 -Lc n ) is at 200 [mu] m, the average of the difference of the anode 40 (La n + 1 -La n ) is at 200 [mu] m There, and the average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 10 [mu] m, except that the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so that the 10 [mu] m is as in example 1 An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner.
- Example 12 All layers were formed in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 were laminated so that the average difference (Wc n+1 -Wc n ) was 50 ⁇ m and the average negative electrode difference (W n +1 -Wan) was 50 ⁇ m. A solid state battery was produced.
- Example 13 All layers were formed in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 were laminated so that the average difference (Wc n+1 -Wc n ) was 100 ⁇ m and the average negative electrode difference (W n +1 -Wan) was 100 ⁇ m. A solid state battery was produced.
- Example 14 The average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 200 [mu] m, except that the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 200 [mu] m, in the same manner as in Example 11 Full A solid state battery was produced.
- Example 15 The average of the difference between the positive electrode 30 (Wc n + 1 -Wc n ) is at 400 [mu] m, except that the average of the difference of the anode 40 (Wa n + 1 -Wa n ) are laminated so as to be 400 [mu] m, in the same manner as in Example 11 Full A solid state battery was produced.
- Example 1 An all-solid-state battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the positive electrode unit green sheet and the negative electrode unit green sheet were stacked without intentionally shifting in the length direction (X direction) in the production of the laminate.
- the charging/discharging conditions are the same as the charging/discharging conditions performed at the crack generation rate.
- the discharge capacity of the first cycle was set to 100%, and the value obtained by dividing the discharge capacity of the 100th cycle by the discharge capacity of the first cycle was defined as the capacity retention rate.
- Theoretical capacity calculated from electrode length The cross section of the produced all-solid-state battery was observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the length of the entire positive electrode 30 from the connection portion with the positive electrode external terminal 35 to the end portion on the negative electrode external terminal 45 side was also measured. The total length of the positive electrodes 30 measured was taken as a theoretical capacity value in a ratio when the total length of the positive electrodes 30 of Comparative Example 1 was set to 100. Note that Tables 1 to 3 show relative values with the theoretical capacity of the all-solid-state battery of Comparative Example 1 being 100.
- the average value and the difference between the all-solid-state battery of both the average value of (La n + 1 -La n) is 50 ⁇ m or more Example 2-5, the incidence of cracking after 10 cycles of the difference (Lc n + 1 -Lc n) was as low as 20% or less, and the capacity retention ratio after 100 cycles was as high as 96% or more.
- both the 200 ⁇ m of the average of the difference mean and difference (Lc n + 1 -Lc n) (La n + 1 -La n), and the average of the differences (Wc n + 1 -Wc n) values and difference all solid state battery of both the average value of (Wa n + 1 -Wa n) is 10 ⁇ m or more in examples 11 to 15, the difference (Lc n + 1 -Lc n) mean and the difference (La n + 1 -La n of ) Is 5 ⁇ m or less, and both the average value of the difference (Wc n+1 ⁇ Wc n ) and the average value of the difference (W a n +1 ⁇ W a n ) are 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the crack occurrence rate after 10 cycles was 45% or less, which was extremely low, and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles was extremely high, 100%.
- the difference between both the average value of the average value and the difference (Lc n + 1 -Lc n) (La n + 1 -La n) is 200 [mu] m
- the average value and the difference of the difference (Wc n + 1 -Wc n) (Wa n + 1 the all-solid-state battery of -Wa n) average examples 12-15 both is 50 ⁇ m or more of the crack generation rate after 10 cycles was low as 18% or less.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年11月30日に、日本に出願された特願2018-224938号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る全固体電池は、正極集電体層と正極活物質層とを有する正極と、負極集電体層と負極活物質層とを有する負極とが、固体電解質層を介して積層され、積層方向に対して平行な面として形成された側面を有し、前記側面は、正極集電体層が露出する第1側面と、前記第1側面と対向し、負極集電体層が露出する第2側面を含む積層体と、前記第1側面に付設された正極外部端子と、前記第2側面に付設された負極外部端子と、を含み、第n層目(ただし、nは自然数)の前記正極の第2側面側端部から前記第2側面までの距離Lcnと、n+1層目の前記正極の第2側面側端部から前記第2側面までの距離Lcn+1との差、および第n層目の前記負極の第1側面側端部から前記第1側面までの距離Lanと、n+1層目の前記負極の第1側面側端部から前記第1側面までの距離Lan+1との差の少なくとも一方の差が10μm以上である。
(3)上記(1)または(2)の態様に係る全固体二次電池において、前記距離Lcnと前記距離Lcn+1との差、および前記距離Lanと前記距離Lan+1との差が400μm以下である構成としてもよい。
第n層目の前記正極の第4側面側端部から前記第4側面までの距離Wcnと、n+1層目の前記正極の第4側面側端部から前記第4側面までの距離Wcn+1との差(Wcn+1-Wcn)、および第n層目の前記負極の前記第3側面側端部から前記第3側面までの距離Wanと、n+1層目の前記負極の前記第3側面側端部から前記第3側面までの距離Wan+1との差(Wan+1-Wan)の少なくとも一方の差が10μm以上である構成としてもよい。
(7)上記(5)または(6)の態様に係る全固体二次電池において、前記距離Wcnと前記距離Wcn+1との差、および前記距離Wanと前記距離Wan+1との差が400μm以下である構成としてもよい。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る全固体電池の平面図であり、図2は図1のII-II線断面図である。図3Aは、図2のIIIA部の拡大図であり、図3Bは、図2のIIIB部の拡大図である。
例えば、固体電解質にLi1+nAlnTi2-n(PO4)3(0≦n≦0.6)を用いる場合は、正極活物質及び負極活物質にLiVOPO4及びLi3V2(PO4)3のうち一方又は両方を用いることが好ましい。この場合、正極活物質層32及び負極活物質層42と固体電解質層50との界面における接合が、強固なものになる。また、正極活物質層32及び負極活物質層42と固体電解質層50との界面における接触面積を広くできる。
本実施形態の全固体電池10の製造方法は、同時焼成法を用いてもよいし、逐次焼成法を用いてもよい。
同時焼成法は、各層を形成する材料を積層し、一括焼成により積層体20を作製する方法である。逐次焼成法は、各層を順に作製する方法であり、各層を作製する毎に焼成工程が入る。同時焼成法を用いた方が、全固体電池10の製造の作業工程を少なくすることができる。また同時焼成法を用いた方が、得られる積層体20が緻密になる。
以下、同時焼成法を用いて、全固体電池10を製造する場合を例に説明する。
まず、PETフィルムなどの基材上に、固体電解質層50形成用のペーストをドクターブレード法により塗布し、乾燥してシート状の固体電解質層50を形成する。次に、固体電解質層50上に、スクリーン印刷法により、正極活物質層32形成用のペースト、正極集電体層31形成用のペースト、正極活物質層32形成用のペーストを、この順で印刷して乾燥する。そして、PETフィルムを剥離することによって、固体電解質層50と正極30とが積層された正極ユニットグリーンシートを作製する。次いで同様に、固体電解質層50形成用のペーストをドクターブレード法によりPETフィルムなどの基材上に塗布し、乾燥してシート状の固体電解質層50を形成する。その後、固体電解質層50上に、スクリーン印刷法により、負極活物質層42形成用のペースト、負極集電体層41形成用のペースト、負極活物質層42形成用のペーストをこの順で、印刷して乾燥する。そして、PETフィルムを剥離することによって、固体電解質層50と負極40とが積層された負極ユニットグリーンシートを作製する。
正極ユニットグリーンシートおよび負極ユニットグリーンシートは、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)が10μm以上で、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)が10μm以上となるように各層をずらして(オフセットして)積層する。その後、正極ユニットグリーンシートおよび負極ユニットグリーンシートを積み重ねた積層方向の上下面に 、所定厚みのシート状の固体電解質層50をさらに積み重ねる。このようにして、積層グリーンシートを得る。また、図1の第3側面23から正極30及び/又は負極40までの距離は、各層で異なっていてもよく、同じである必要はない。また、第4側面23から正極30及び/又は負極40までの距離も、各層で異なっていてもよく、同じである必要はない。
(正極ユニットグリーンシートの作製)
PETフィルム基材上に、固体電解質層50形成用のペースト(Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3ペースト)をドクターブレード法により塗布し、乾燥してシート状の固体電解質層50を形成した。次に、固体電解質層50上に、スクリーン印刷法により、正極活物質層32形成用のペースト(Li3V2(PO4)3ペースト)、正極集電体層31形成用のペースト(銅(Cu)ペースト)、正極活物質層32形成用のペーストを、この順で印刷して乾燥して、正極30を形成した。そして、PETフィルムを剥離して、固体電解質層50と正極30とが積層された正極ユニットグリーンシートを作製した。なお、固体電解質層50の厚さは30μm、正極集電体層31の厚さは5μm、正極活物質層32の厚さは5μmであった。
正極ユニットグリーンシートの作製と同様に、PETフィルム基材上に、固体電解質層50形成用のペーストをドクターブレード法により塗布し、乾燥してシート状の固体電解質層50を形成した。次に、固体電解質層50上に、スクリーン印刷法により、負極活物質層42形成用のペースト(Li3V2(PO4)3ペースト)、負極集電体層41形成用のペースト(銅(Cu)ペースト)、負極活物質層42形成用のペーストを、この順で印刷して乾燥して、正極30を形成した。そして、PETフィルムを剥離して、固体電解質層50と負極40とが積層された正極ユニットグリーンシートを作製した。なお、固体電解質層50の厚さは30μm、負極集電体層41の厚さは5μm、負極活物質層42の厚さは5μmであった。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が10μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が10μmとなるように、交互に25枚積層し、更に積み重ねた積層方向上下面に 、厚さ30μmのシート状の固体電解質層50を上下各5層積み重ね、積層グリーンシートを得た。
積層体の側面を研磨して、第1側面21に正極集電体層31を露出させ、第2側面22に負極集電体層41を露出させた。第1側面に銅ペーストを塗布し、焼き付けた後、ニッケル、すずの順に電解めっきを施して多層構造の正極外部端子35を設けた。次いで、第2側面22に、第1側面21と同様にして、多層構造の負極外部端子45を設けて全固体電池を作製した。このようにして作製した全固体電池の大きさは平均で4.5mm×3.2mm×1.1mmであった。
積層体の作製において、正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が50μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が50μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が100μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が100μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が200μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が200μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が400μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が400μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
積層体の作製において、正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が10μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が10μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が50μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が50μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が100μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が100μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が200μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が200μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が400μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が400μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
積層体の作製において、正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が200μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が200μmであり、且つ、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が10μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が10μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が50μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が50μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が100μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が100μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が200μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が200μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が400μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が400μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
積層体の作製において、正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを長さ方向(X方向)に意図的にずらさずに積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が5μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が5μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを幅方向(Y方向)に意図的にずらさずに積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が5μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が5μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを長さ方向(X方向)及び幅方向(Y方向)に意図的にずらさずに積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
正極ユニットグリーンシートと負極ユニットグリーンシートを、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)の平均が5μmで、負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)の平均が5μmとなるように積層し、且つ、正極30の差(Wcn+1-Wcn)の平均が5μmで、負極40の差(Wan+1-Wan)の平均が5μmとなるように積層したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして全固体電池を作製した。
次に、上記実施例および比較例で得られた全固体電池を、以下の方法で測定、評価した。その結果を、下記の表1~表3に示す。
作製した全固体電池の断面を、走査電子顕微鏡(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製、製品名「S-4800」)を用いて観察して、正極30の差(Lcn+1-Lcn)および負極40の差(Lan+1-Lan)を測定し、その平均を算出した。
作製した全固体電池(n=200個)を、充放電試験機(アスカ電子社製、製品名「ACD-01」)を用いて、10サイクル充放電した。充放電は、0Vから2.0Vまでの範囲で、定電流20μAの条件で行った。次いで、全固体電池の外観6面を光学顕微鏡で観察し、1面でもクラックが確認できたものをクラック発生品とした。100個の全固体電池に対するクラック発生品の発生率をクラック発生率とした。
作製した全固体電池(n=10個)を、充放電試験機(アスカ電子社製、製品名「ACD-01」)を用いて、100サイクル充放電した。充放電の条件は、上記クラック発生率で行った充放電の条件と同じである。1サイクル目の放電容量を100%とし、100サイクル目の放電容量を1サイクル目の放電容量で除した値を、容量維持率とした。
作製した全固体電池の断面を、走査電子顕微鏡を用いて観察して、正極外部端子35との接続部から、負極外部端子45側の端部までの正極30全体の長さも測長した。測長した各正極30の長さの合計を、比較例1の正極30の長さの合計を100としたときの割合で、理論容量値とした。
なお、表1~表3には、比較例1の全固体電池の理論容量を100とした相対値を示した。
24…第4側面、30…正極、31…正極集電体層、32…正極活物質層、35…正極外
部端子、40…負極、41…負極集電体層、42…負極活物質層、45…負極外部端子、
50…固体電解質層
Claims (7)
- 正極集電体層と正極活物質層とを有する正極と、負極集電体層と負極活物質層とを有する負極とが、固体電解質層を介して積層され、積層方向に対して平行な面として形成された側面を有し、前記側面は、正極集電体層が露出する第1側面と、前記第1側面と対向し、負極集電体層が露出する第2側面を含む積層体と、
前記第1側面に付設された正極外部端子と、
前記第2側面に付設された負極外部端子と、を含み、
第n層目(ただし、nは自然数)の前記正極の第2側面側端部から前記第2側面までの距離Lcnと、n+1層目の前記正極の第2側面側端部から前記第2側面までの距離Lcn+1との差、および第n層目の前記負極の第1側面側端部から前記第1側面までの距離Lanと、n+1層目の前記負極の第1側面側端部から前記第1側面までの距離Lan+1との差の少なくとも一方の差が10μm以上である全固体電池。 - 前記距離Lcnと前記距離Lcn+1との差、および前記距離Lanと前記距離Lan+1との差の両方が10μm以上である、請求項1に記載の全固体電池。
- 前記距離Lcnと前記距離Lcn+1との差、および前記距離Lanと前記距離Lan+1との差が400μm以下である、請求項1または2に記載の全固体電池。
- 前記第n層目(ただし、nは自然数)の前記正極の第2側面側端部から前記第2側面までの距離Lcnの最大値は、前記第1側面と前記第2側面との間の距離の30%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池。
- 前記積層体は、互いに対向配置された第3側面及び第4側面を更に含み、
第n層目の前記正極の第4側面側端部から前記第4側面までの距離Wcnと、n+1層目の前記正極の第4側面側端部から前記第4側面までの距離Wcn+1との差(Wcn+1-Wcn)、および第n層目の前記負極の前記第3側面側端部から前記第3側面までの距離Wanと、n+1層目の前記負極の前記第3側面側端部から前記第3側面までの距離Wan+1との差(Wan+1-Wan)の少なくとも一方の差が10μm以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池。 - 前記距離Wcnと前記距離Wcn+1との差、および前記距離Wanと前記距離Wan+1との差の両方が10μm以上である、請求項5に記載の全固体電池。
- 前記距離Wcnと前記距離Wcn+1との差、および前記距離Wanと前記距離Wan+1との差が400μm以下である、請求項5または6に記載の全固体電池。
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| US17/293,231 US12074277B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2019-11-28 | All-solid-state battery |
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