WO2020073542A1 - 一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体 - Google Patents

一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020073542A1
WO2020073542A1 PCT/CN2019/000190 CN2019000190W WO2020073542A1 WO 2020073542 A1 WO2020073542 A1 WO 2020073542A1 CN 2019000190 W CN2019000190 W CN 2019000190W WO 2020073542 A1 WO2020073542 A1 WO 2020073542A1
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Prior art keywords
container
foot
trailer
semi
car body
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PCT/CN2019/000190
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈红颖
陈奕夫
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陈红颖
陈奕夫
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Publication of WO2020073542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020073542A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
    • B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
    • B62D53/06—Semi-trailers

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of railway freight car bodies, in particular to the technical field of car bodies capable of loading multiple containers or highway semi-trailers.
  • the patent number is CN201110437566.7, which is a heavy-duty double-layer container railway wagon. Country China, the publication number is CN102501866A, and the publication date is 2012.06.20. 1. Although the railway wagon can load three containers with a standard weight of 30.48 tons, or four 20-foot containers with a total weight less than or equal to 92 tons, forming a double-loaded container railway wagon, but with the electrification of China's railways The rapid development of power grids and the popularization of pantographs and electric locomotives have led to strict limits on the height of most railways in China, and the height limit is set to 4500mm. Therefore, the double-layer container working condition of this railway freight car is only suitable for operation on specific railways in China. Operates on existing general-purpose lines. 2. The railway freight car loading part adopts the form of a drop hole, and the loading part has no floor, so the railway freight car cannot load the road semi-trailer.
  • the railway freight car is provided with a floor, supporting beams and connecting plates. Its function can make the railway freight car not only load containers but also road semi-trailers. However, the device is only suitable for hoisting loading and unloading, but not for the loading and unloading method of jacking operation on the railway track bed. 2.
  • the double-layer container working condition of the railway freight car does not consider that the limit is set to 4500mm due to the rapid development of China's electrified railway, so the double-layer container working condition of the railway freight car is only suitable for specific railway lines in China It can't run on the existing general line.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a railway freight car body capable of loading multiple double-layer containers or highway semi-trailers, including: an elongated upper side beam 2, a side wall 3, a concave bottom frame 4, an end bottom frame 5, an end portion Undercarriage floor surface 6, end beam 7, reserved hole 8, concave bottom frame end wall 9, concave bottom container lock seat 10, 60-foot container lock seat 11, 45-foot container lock 12;
  • the elongated upper side beam 2 is connected to the concave bottom frame 4 and the end bottom frame 5 through the side walls 3 on both sides of the car body, and at the same time connected to the floor surface 6 of the end bottom frame, and connected to and flush with the end beam 7;
  • the reserved hole 8 is located near the end wall 9 of the concave chassis, and corresponds to the position of the front and rear folding legs 14 of the road semi-trailer 18;
  • the concave bottom container lock seat 10 is at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4 and is used to fix and lock the container loaded on the concave bottom;
  • the 60-foot container lock seat 11 is located at two corners of the outer end of the end chassis 5 and is connected to the end beam 7 and fixed on the floor surface 6 of the end chassis and connected to the elongated upper side beam 2 to form a whole, so as The upper container provides the bearing frame;
  • the 45-foot container lock 13 is located at two corners of the inner end of the end chassis 5 and is fixed on the floor surface 6 of the end chassis to fix and lock the road semi-trailer and the container.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes a 40-foot non-standard container 21, and the 40-foot non-standard container 21 is fixed on the concave bottom container lock seat 10 at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4.
  • the car body 1 further includes a 40-foot standard container 23 and a 20-foot standard container 22, the outer end of the standard container is fixed to the 60-foot container lock seat 11, and the inner end is connected to the lower 40-foot non-container through the container corner piece 20
  • the standard container 21 is fixed.
  • the car body 1 further includes three 20-foot standard containers 22, two outer ends of the 20-foot standard container 22 are fixed by a 60-foot container lock seat 11, and two adjacent ends of the 20-foot standard container 22 pass The container corner piece 20 is fixed to the lower 40-foot non-standard container 21.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes a 60-foot standard container 24, and the 60-foot standard container 24 is fixed to the 60-foot container lock seats 11 at two corners of the outer end of the bottom chassis 5.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes a road semi-trailer 18, and the road semi-trailer includes a semi-trailer box 13, a folding leg 14, a front leg 15, and a tire 16;
  • the road semi-trailer 18 is located on a concave bottom In the frame 4, the lower corners of the road semi-trailer box 13 are provided with container lock holes, and the 45-foot container lock 13 on the bottom frame 5 of the car body is used to lock the semi-trailer;
  • the folding leg 14 is located in the semi-trailer box
  • the front and rear ends of the body 13 correspond to the positions of the front and rear reserved holes 8 of the car body, and are used by the lifting device 17 to support the road semi-trailer;
  • the front leg 15 is located in the front folding leg of the front part of the semi-trailer box 13 Between 14 and the tire 16, it is used to support the road semi-trailer together with the tire.
  • a lifting device 17 is provided under the car body 1, and the lifting device 17 is provided below the railway track ground, corresponding to the positions of the two reserved holes 8 of the car body, and can rise through the reserved holes 8, and Realize the raising or lowering of the road semi-trailer 18.
  • the invention also provides an unloading method for loading a road semi-trailer car body, including: the lifting device 17 ascends through the reserved hole 8 of the car body to contact and support the front and rear folding legs 14 of the road semi-trailer 18 to be lowered; The road semi-trailer 18 is lifted from the car body 1 and is higher than the highest plane of the loading portion of the car body 1; the horizontal traverse device 19 extends below the tire 16 of the road semi-trailer 18 and the lowered front legs 15; the lifting device 17 is lowered The horizontal traverse device 19 contacts the tire 16 and the lowered front legs 15 and provides support; the lifting device 17 continues to lower a certain height, and the horizontal traverse device 19 carries the road semi-trailer 18 to evacuate the vehicle body 1 and unloads the road semi-trailer 18 .
  • the railway freight car body provided by the present invention can not only meet the working conditions of double-layer containers within the limits of railway transportation, but also meet the loading conditions of a 40-foot standard container, a 20-foot, and a 40-foot non-standard container; or It is a loading condition of three 20-foot plus one 40-foot non-standard containers; and it can load semi-trailers.
  • the railway wagon has a simple structure and strong rigidity.
  • the container loading method on the railway wagon floor can ensure the safety and reliability during transportation. It solves a series of problems in the double-layer container working condition railway boundary and the semi-trailer highway and railway loading conversion.
  • Figure 1 side view of the car body.
  • Figure 2 front view of the car body.
  • Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the end of the car body.
  • Figure 4 Car body loaded with 40-foot non-standard containers and three 20-foot standard containers.
  • Figure 5 Car body loaded with 40-foot non-standard container, 40-foot standard container and 20-foot standard container.
  • Figure 6 Car body loaded with 40-foot non-standard container and 60-foot standard container.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of a road semi-trailer loaded on a vehicle body.
  • Figure 8 Unloading diagram of road semi-trailer loaded with car body.
  • 1 is the car body
  • 2 is the elongated upper side beam
  • 3 is the side wall
  • 4 is the concave bottom frame
  • 5 is the end bottom frame
  • 6 is the end bottom frame floor surface
  • 7 is the end beam
  • 8 is reserved Hole
  • 9 is the end wall of the concave bottom frame
  • 10 is the concave bottom container lock seat
  • 11 is the 60 foot container lock seat
  • 12 is the 45 foot container lock
  • 13 is the road semi-trailer box body
  • 14 is the folding leg
  • 15 is the front support Legs
  • 16 tires 17 for lifting device
  • 18 for highway semi-trailer
  • 19 for horizontal traverse device
  • 20 for container corner pieces
  • 22 for 20-foot standard container
  • 24 is a 60-foot standard container.
  • the car body 1 includes: an elongated upper side beam 2, a side wall 3, a concave bottom frame 4, an end bottom frame 5, an end bottom frame floor surface 6, an end beam 7, Reserved hole 8, concave bottom frame end wall 9, concave bottom container lock seat 10, 60-foot container lock seat 11, 45-foot container lock 12;
  • the elongated upper side beam 2 passes through the side walls 3 on both sides of the car body and the recess
  • the bottom frame 4 and the end bottom frame 5 are connected to the floor surface 6 of the end bottom frame, and are connected to the end beam 7 and flush;
  • the reserved hole 8 is located near the end wall 9 of the concave bottom frame and is connected to the highway
  • the position of the front and rear folding legs 14 of the semi-trailer 18 corresponds to; it is used to lift or lower the semi-trailer from the railway freight car through the lifting device, and the lifting height is higher than the upper length of the upper side beam 3 of the railway freight car, and then passes The horizontal traverse device extends into the bottom of the
  • the concave bottom container lock seat 10 is at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4 and is used to fix and lock the container loaded on the concave bottom; the 60-foot container lock seat 11 is located at two corners of the outer end of the end bottom frame 5 and is
  • the end beam 7 is connected and fixed on the floor surface 6 of the end underframe and connected with the elongated upper side beam 2 to form a whole, thereby providing a bearing frame for the upper container; and is symmetrical with the longitudinal center axis of the vehicle and its transverse center axis. Its longitudinal center distance is 18117mm, and its lateral center distance is 2259mm.
  • the longitudinal distance between the lock seat and the lock seat is 18117mm, and the lateral distance between the lock seat and the lock seat is 2259mm.
  • the 45-foot container lock 13 is located at two corners of the inner end of the end chassis 5 and is fixed on the floor surface 6 of the end chassis to fix and lock the road semi-trailer and the container.
  • the car body 1 further includes a 40-foot non-standard container 21, and the 40-foot non-standard container 21 is fixed on the concave bottom container lock seat 10 at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4,
  • the 40-foot non-standard container 21 is fixed to the concave bottom container seat 10 provided at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4.
  • the upper and lower containers are fixed by the corners 20 of the container corners and the twist locks, and the lower 40-foot non-standard container 21 provides the middle support of the upper container.
  • the two ends of the upper container are fixed at the 60-foot container lock seat 11, so as to achieve the fixing of the upper container.
  • the car body 1 further includes a 40-foot standard container 21 and a 20-foot standard container 22, the outer end of the standard container is fixed with a 60-foot container lock seat 11, two containers The two adjacent inner ends are fixed to the lower 40-foot non-standard container 21 through the container corner piece 20.
  • the concave bottom container locks 10 are provided at the four corners of the concave bottom frame 4 to fix and lock the 40-foot non-standard container 21 loaded on the concave bottom.
  • the two ends on the outer side of a 20-foot container and a 40-foot container are fixed and locked by a 60-foot container lock seat 11 and serve as a bearing support point.
  • a 20-foot container and a 40-foot container are adjacent to the two ends
  • the upper and lower floors of the 40-foot non-standard container 21, which are uniquely arranged on the lower floor, are connected to the corners 20 of the load-bearing container for fixing and locking, and serve as a bearing support point.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes three 20-foot standard containers 22, and the two outer ends of the 20-foot standard container 22 are fixed by a 60-foot container lock seat 11, 20-foot standard The two adjacent connecting ends of the container 22 are fixed to the lower 40-foot non-standard container 21 through the container corner piece 20.
  • the car body 1 is loaded with a 40-foot non-standard container 21 and three 20-foot standard containers 22.
  • the concave bottom frame 4 is provided with a concave bottom container lock seat 11 at the four corners, mainly for the 40-foot non-standard container loaded on the concave bottom 21 Perform fixed locking.
  • the outer ends of the three 20-foot containers on the upper layer are fixed and locked by the 60-foot container lock seat 11 and serve as the load-bearing support point, and the four adjacent container ends of the three 20-foot containers are adopted on the lower 40-foot non-standard container 21.
  • the upper and lower layers are connected to the corner 20 of the carrying container for fixing and locking, and serve as a bearing support point.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes a 60-foot standard container 24, and the 60-foot standard container 24 is fixed to the 60-foot container locks at the two corners of the outer end of the end chassis 5
  • the seat 11 is fixedly locked and used as a supporting point.
  • the vehicle body 1 further includes a road semi-trailer 18, and the road semi-trailer includes a semi-trailer box 13, a folding leg 14, a front leg 15, and a tire 16; the road semi-trailer 18 is located Inside the concave chassis 4, the four corners of the lower part of the highway semi-trailer box 13 are provided with container lock holes.
  • the 45-foot container lock 13 on the chassis 5 at the end of the vehicle body is used to lock the semi-trailer; the folding leg 14 is located
  • the front and rear ends of the semi-trailer box 13 correspond to the positions of the front and rear reserved holes 8 of the car body, and are used by the lifting device 17 to support the road semi-trailer;
  • the front legs 15 are located in front of the front part of the semi-trailer box 13
  • the folding leg 14 and the tire 16 are used to support the road semi-trailer together with the tire.
  • a lifting device 17 may also be provided under the car body 1.
  • the lifting device 17 is provided below the railway track ground, corresponding to the positions of the two reserved holes 8 of the car body, and may rise through the reserved holes 8. And realize raising or lowering the road semi-trailer 18.
  • the unloading method of loading the road semi-trailer car body includes: the lifting device 17 rises through the reserved hole 8 of the car body to contact and support the front and rear folding legs 14 of the lowered road semi-trailer 18;
  • the semi-trailer 18 is lifted from the car body 1 and is higher than the highest plane of the loading portion of the car body 1;
  • the horizontal traverse device 19 extends below the tire 16 of the road semi-trailer 18 and the lowered front legs 15;
  • the lifting device 17 is lowered to
  • the horizontal traverse device 19 is in contact with the tire 16 and the lowered front leg 15 and provides support; the lifting device 17 continues to lower a certain height, and the horizontal traverse device 19 carries the road semi-trailer 18 to evacuate the vehicle body 1 and unloads the road semi-trailer 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Abstract

一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体，包括：加长上侧梁（2）、侧墙（3）、凹底架（4）、端部底架（5）、端部底架地板面（6）、端梁（7）、预留孔（8）、凹底架端壁（9）、凹底集装箱锁座（10）、60英尺集装箱锁座（11）、45英尺集装箱锁（12）；该铁路货车车体不仅可以满足符合铁路运输限界下的双层集装箱工况，实现同时可满足一个40英尺标准集装箱（23）、一个20英尺标准集装箱（22）、一个40英尺非标集装箱（21）的装载工况；或是三个20英尺标准集装箱（22）加一个40英尺非标集装箱（21）的装载工况；而且可装载半挂车（18）。该铁路货车结构简单且刚性强，铁路货车地板上的集装箱装载方式，可确保运输过程中的安全性与可靠性。解决了双层集装箱工况铁路限界与半挂车公路铁路装载转换中的一系列问题。

Description

一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体 技术领域
本发明涉及铁路货车车体技术领域，尤其涉及可装载多个集装箱或公路半挂车的车体技术领域领域。
背景技术
通过我国物流成本与发达国家物流成本占GDP的比重相比较，我国物流成本的比重一直是高居不下，成为减缓国家经济大力发展的障碍。随着“交通强国，铁路先行”的国家号召深入人心，如何通过铁路运输实现降本增效的方式方法，对我国经济的发展起到了重要意义。
国家推行如何通过铁路运输实现物流成本降低的方法有两种，第一种是“公转铁”，即长途公路运输由铁路运输替代亦或公铁联运；第二种是实现铁路运输大载量，即提高运力，不论是从体积还是从吨数的提高。因此铁路装备的技术创新成为有效地推手。
专利号为CN201110437566.7的一种大载重双层装载集装箱铁路货车。国别中国，公开号为CN102501866A，公开日期为2012.06.20.。1、该铁路货车虽然做到可装载三个标准重量为30.48吨的集装箱，或四个总重小于等于92吨20英尺集装箱，形成双层装载集装箱铁路货车的工况，但是随着我国铁路电气化的快速发展，电力弓网与电力机车的普及，致使我国大部分铁路高度限界严格，限高设定为4500mm高，因此该铁路货车双层集装箱工况只适应于我国铁路特定线路上运行，不能在既有通用线路上运行。2、该铁路货车装载部采用落下孔形式，装载部没有地板，因此该铁路货车无法装载公路半挂车。
专利号为CN201010282003.0的一种双层集装箱平车。国别中国，公开号为CN101927770B，公开日期为2013.01.30.。1、该铁路货车设有地板、支撑横梁与连接板，其作用可使该铁路货车不仅可装载集装箱，而且还可装载公路半挂车。但该装置仅适用于吊装式装卸，而不适应在铁路道床上进行顶升作业的装卸方式。2、如同专利CN201110437566.7，该铁路货车的双层集装箱工况未考虑由于我国电气化铁路快速发展而导致限界设定为4500mm，因此该铁路货车双层集装箱工况只适应于我国铁路特定线路上运行，不能在既有通用线路上运行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体，包括：加长上侧梁2、侧墙3、凹底架4、端部底架5、端部底架地板面6、端梁7、预留孔8、凹 底架端壁9、凹底集装箱锁座10、60英尺集装箱锁座11、45英尺集装箱锁12；
所述加长上侧梁2通过车体两侧的侧墙3与凹底架4、端部底架5连接，同时与端部底架地板面6连接，且与端梁7相连并齐平；
所述预留孔8位于凹底架端壁9附近，并与公路半挂车18的前后折叠支腿14位置相对应；
所述凹底集装箱锁座10在凹底架4的四角部并用于对凹底部装载的集装箱固定锁闭；
所述60英尺集装箱锁座11位于端部底架5外端的两个角部且与端梁7相连并固定在端部底架地板面6上并与加长上侧梁2连接成为整体，从而为上层集装箱提供承载骨架；
所述的45英尺集装箱锁13位于端部底架5内端的两个角部并固定在端部底架地板面6上，用于对公路半挂车和集装箱固定锁闭。
进一步地，车体1还包括一个40英尺非标集装箱21，所述的40英尺非标集装箱21固定在凹底架4四角的凹底集装箱锁座10上。
进一步地，车体1还包括一个40英尺标准集装箱23和一个20英尺标准集装箱22，所述的标准集装箱外端与60英尺集装箱锁座11固定，内端通过集装箱角件20与下层40英尺非标集装箱21固定。
进一步地，车体1还包括三个20英尺标准集装箱22，所述的20英尺标准集装箱22的两个外端通过60英尺集装箱锁座11固定，20英尺标准集装箱22两个相邻接端通过集装箱角件20与下层40英尺非标集装箱21固定。
进一步地，车体1还包括一个60英尺标准集装箱24，所述的60英尺标准集装箱24固定在端部底架5外端的两个角部的60英尺集装箱锁座11上。
进一步地，车体1还包括公路半挂车18，所述的公路半挂车包括半挂车箱体13、折叠支腿14、前支腿15、轮胎16；所述的公路半挂车18坐落于凹底架4内，公路半挂车箱体13下部的四角设有集装箱锁孔，利用车体端部底架5上的45英尺集装箱锁13将半挂车锁固；所述折叠支腿14位于半挂车箱体13的前后两端并与车体的前后预留孔8位置相对应，用于升降装置17支撑公路半挂车；所述前支腿15位于半挂车箱体13中前部的前折叠支腿14与轮胎16之间，用于与轮胎一起支撑公路半挂车。
进一步地，在车体1的下面设置升降装置17，所述升降装置17设置在铁路轨道地面以下，与车体的两个预留孔8位置相对应，并可以通过预留孔8上升，并实现升起或降下公路半挂车18。
本发明还提供了一种装载公路半挂车车体的卸载方法，包括：升降装置17上升穿过车 体的预留孔8与放下的公路半挂车18的前后折叠支腿14接触并支撑；将公路半挂车18从车体1里托起并高过车体1装载部分的最高平面；水平横移装置19伸入公路半挂车18的轮胎16和放下的前支腿15下面；升降装置17降下至水平横移装置19与轮胎16和放下的前支腿15接触并提供支撑；升降装置17继续降下一定高度，水平横移装置19载公路半挂车18撤离车体1，实现卸载公路半挂车18。
本发明提供的铁路货车车体不仅可以满足符合铁路运输限界下的双层集装箱工况，实现同时可满足一个40英尺标准集装箱、一个20英尺、一个40英尺非标集装箱的装载工况；亦或是三个20英尺加一个40英尺非标集装箱的装载工况；而且可以装载半挂车。该铁路货车结构简单且刚性强，铁路货车地板上的集装箱装载方式，可确保运输过程中的安全性与可靠性。解决了双层集装箱工况铁路限界与半挂车公路铁路装载转换中的一系列问题。
附图说明
图1车体侧面图。
图2车体主视图。
图3车体端部横断面图。
图4车体装载40英尺非标准集装箱和三个20英尺标准集装箱图。
图5车体装载40英尺非标准集装箱与40英尺标准集装箱和20英尺标准集装箱图。
图6车体装载40英尺非标准集装箱和60英尺标准集装箱图。
图7车体装载公路半挂车图。
图8车体装载公路半挂车卸载图。
其中，1为车体、2为加长上侧梁、3为侧墙、4为凹底架、5为端部底架、6为端部底架地板面、7为端梁、8为预留孔、9为凹底架端壁、10为凹底集装箱锁座、11为60英尺集装箱锁座、12为45英尺集装箱锁、13为公路半挂车箱体、14为折叠支腿、15前支腿、16轮胎、17为升降装置、18为公路半挂车、19为水平横移装置、20为集装箱角件、21为40英尺非标集装箱、22为20英尺标准集装箱、23为40英尺标准集装箱、24为60英尺标准集装箱。
具体实施方式
实施例
如图1、图2、图3所示，车体1包括：加长上侧梁2、侧墙3、凹底架4、端部底架5、端部底架地板面6、端梁7、预留孔8、凹底架端壁9、凹底集装箱锁座10、60英尺集装箱锁座11、45英尺集装箱锁12；所述加长上侧梁2通过车体两侧的侧墙3与凹底架4、端部 底架5连接，同时与端部底架地板面6连接，且与端梁7相连并齐平；所述预留孔8位于凹底架端壁9附近，并与公路半挂车18的前后折叠支腿14位置相对应；用于升降装置穿过将半挂车从铁路货车车厢里托起或放下，托举高度高过铁路货车上部加长上侧梁3上平面，随后通过水平横移装置伸入半挂车底部，升降装置降下，水平横移装置与半挂车轮胎接触并提供支撑；水平横移装置与半挂车前支腿接触并提供支撑，水平横移装置载半挂车撤入站台，完成半挂车的装卸。所述凹底集装箱锁座10在凹底架4的四角部并用于对凹底部装载的集装箱固定锁闭；所述60英尺集装箱锁座11位于端部底架5外端的两个角部且与端梁7相连并固定在端部底架地板面6上并与加长上侧梁2连接成为整体，从而为上层集装箱提供承载骨架；并以整车纵向中心轴及其横向中心轴对称。其纵向中心距为18117mm，横向中心距为2259mm。锁座与锁座之间的纵向距离为18117mm，锁座与锁座之间的横向距离为2259mm。其主要作用是对装载的60英尺集装箱锁闭，也可以对上层装载的3个20英尺集装箱端部角件进行固定锁闭，也可以对上层装载的一个20英尺和一个40英尺的集装箱进行固定锁闭。所述的45英尺集装箱锁13位于端部底架5内端的两个角部并固定在端部底架地板面6上，用于对公路半挂车和集装箱固定锁闭。
如图4、图5、图6所示，车体1还包括一个40英尺非标集装箱21，所述的40英尺非标集装箱21固定在凹底架4四角的凹底集装箱锁座10上，所述的40英尺非标集装箱21固定在凹底架4的四角设置的凹底集装箱座10。40英尺非标集装箱21装载在凹底架4以后，可以作为上层集装箱的中部承重点。上下层集装箱是通过集装箱角件20锁孔及旋锁实现上层集装箱固定，下层40英尺非标集装箱21提供上层集装箱中部支撑作用。上层集装箱两侧端部固定在60英尺集装箱锁座11处，从而实现上层集装箱的固定。
如图4、图5、图6所示，车体1还包括一个40英尺标准集装箱21和一个20英尺标准集装箱22，所述的标准集装箱外端与60英尺集装箱锁座11固定，两个集装箱相邻的两个内端通过集装箱角件20与下层40英尺非标集装箱21固定。其中，凹底架4四角部设置了凹底集装箱锁10，主要是对在凹底部装载的40英尺非标集装箱21进行固定锁闭。同时上层1个20英尺集装箱、一个40英尺集装箱外侧的两个端部采用60英尺集装箱锁座11固定锁闭并作为承载支撑点，1个20英尺集装箱、一个40英尺集装箱相邻的两个端部采用下层40英尺非标集装箱21上独特设置的上下层连接承载集装箱角件20进行固定锁闭，并作为承载支撑点。
如图4、图5、图6所示，车体1还包括三个20英尺标准集装箱22，所述的20英尺标准集装箱22的两个外端通过60英尺集装箱锁座11固定，20英尺标准集装箱22两个相 邻接端通过集装箱角件20与下层40英尺非标集装箱21固定。车体1装载一个40英尺非标集装箱21和3个20英尺标准集装箱22工况，凹底架4四角部设置了凹底集装箱锁座11，主要是对在凹底部装载的40英尺非标集装箱21进行固定锁闭。同时上层3个20英尺集装箱的外端部采用60英尺集装箱锁座11固定锁闭并作为承载支撑点，3个20英尺集装箱相邻的4个集装箱端部采用下层40英尺非标集装箱21上独特设置的上下层连接承载集装箱角件20进行固定锁闭，并作为承载支撑点。
如图4、图5、图6所示，车体1还包括一个60英尺标准集装箱24，所述的60英尺标准集装箱24固定在端部底架5外端的两个角部的60英尺集装箱锁座11上进行固定锁闭，并作为承载支撑点。另外，也可以在车体1装载一个40英尺非标集装箱21后再在上面装载60英尺标准集装箱24。
如图7所示，车体1还包括公路半挂车18，所述的公路半挂车包括半挂车箱体13、折叠支腿14、前支腿15、轮胎16；所述的公路半挂车18坐落于凹底架4内，公路半挂车箱体13下部的四角设有集装箱锁孔，利用车体端部底架5上的45英尺集装箱锁13将半挂车锁固；所述折叠支腿14位于半挂车箱体13的前后两端并与车体的前后预留孔8位置相对应，用于升降装置17支撑公路半挂车；所述前支腿15位于半挂车箱体13中前部的前折叠支腿14与轮胎16之间，用于与轮胎一起支撑公路半挂车。另外，在车体1的下面还可以设置升降装置17，所述升降装置17设置在铁路轨道地面以下，与车体的两个预留孔8位置相对应，并可以通过预留孔8上升，并实现升起或降下公路半挂车18。
如图8所示，装载公路半挂车车体的卸载方法，包括：升降装置17上升穿过车体的预留孔8与放下的公路半挂车18的前后折叠支腿14接触并支撑；将公路半挂车18从车体1里托起并高过车体1装载部分的最高平面；水平横移装置19伸入公路半挂车18的轮胎16和放下的前支腿15下面；升降装置17降下至水平横移装置19与轮胎16和放下的前支腿15接触并提供支撑；升降装置17继续降下一定高度，水平横移装置19载公路半挂车18撤离车体1，实现卸载公路半挂车18。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种可装载多个双层集装箱或公路半挂车的铁路货车车体，其特征在于，包括：
    加长上侧梁(2)、侧墙(3)、凹底架(4)、端部底架(5)、端部底架地板面(6)、端梁(7)、预留孔(8)、凹底架端壁(9)、凹底集装箱锁座(10)、60英尺集装箱锁座(11)、45英尺集装箱锁(12)；
    所述加长上侧梁(2)通过车体两侧的侧墙(3)与凹底架(4)、端部底架(5)连接，同时与端部底架地板面(6)连接，且与端梁(7)相连并齐平；
    所述预留孔(8)位于凹底架端壁(9)附近，并与公路半挂车(18)的前后折叠支腿(14)位置相对应；
    所述凹底集装箱锁座(10)在凹底架(4)的四角部并用于对凹底部装载的集装箱固定锁闭；
    所述60英尺集装箱锁座(11)位于端部底架(5)外端的两个角部且与端梁(7)相连并固定在端部底架地板面(6)上并与加长上侧梁(2)连接成为整体，从而为上层集装箱提供承载骨架；
    所述的45英尺集装箱锁(13)位于端部底架(5)内端的两个角部并固定在端部底架地板面(6)上，用于对公路半挂车和集装箱固定锁闭。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车体，其特征在于，还包括一个40英尺非标集装箱(21)，所述的40英尺非标集装箱(21)固定在凹底架四角的凹底集装箱锁座(10)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车体，其特征在于，还包括一个40英尺标准集装箱(23)和一个20英尺标准集装箱(22)，所述的标准集装箱外端与60英尺集装箱锁座(11)固定，内端通过集装箱角件(20)与下层40英尺非标集装箱(21)固定。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的车体，其特征在于，还包括三个20英尺标准集装箱(22)，所述的20英尺标准集装箱(22)的两个外端通过60英尺集装箱锁座(11)固定，20英尺标准集装箱(22)两个相邻接端通过集装箱角件(20)与下层40英尺非标集装箱(21)固定。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的车体，其特征在于，还包括一个60英尺标准集装箱(24)，所述的60英尺标准集装箱(24)固定在端部底架(5)外端的两个角部的60英尺集装箱锁座(11)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的车体，其特征在于，还包括公路半挂车(18)；
    所述的公路半挂车(18)包括半挂车箱体(13)、折叠支腿(14)、前支腿(15)、轮胎(16)；
    所述的公路半挂车(18)坐落于凹底架(4)内，公路半挂车箱体(13)下部的四角设有集装箱锁孔，利用车体端部底架(5)上的45英尺集装箱锁(13)将半挂车锁固；
    所述折叠支腿(14)位于半挂车箱体(13)的前后两端并与车体的前后预留孔(8)位置相对应，用于升降装置(17)支撑公路半挂车；
    所述前支腿(15)位于半挂车箱体(13)中前部的前折叠支腿(14)与轮胎(16)之间，用于与轮胎一起支撑公路半挂车。
  7. 一种装载公路半挂车车体的卸载方法，其特征在于，包括：
    升降装置(17)上升穿过车体的预留孔(8)与放下的公路半挂车(18)的前后折叠支腿(14)接触并支撑；
    将公路半挂车(18)从车体(1)里托起并高过车体(1)装载部分的最高平面；
    水平横移装置(19)伸入公路半挂车(18)的轮胎(16)和放下的前支腿(15)下面；
    升降装置(17)降下至水平横移装置(19)与轮胎(16)和放下的前支腿(15)接触并提供支撑；
    升降装置(17)继续降下一定高度，水平横移装置(19)载公路半挂车(18)撤离车体(1)，实现卸载公路半挂车(18)。
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