WO2020059165A1 - 建設機械 - Google Patents

建設機械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020059165A1
WO2020059165A1 PCT/JP2019/002166 JP2019002166W WO2020059165A1 WO 2020059165 A1 WO2020059165 A1 WO 2020059165A1 JP 2019002166 W JP2019002166 W JP 2019002166W WO 2020059165 A1 WO2020059165 A1 WO 2020059165A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
heat exchange
air
base plate
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/002166
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
善之 高野
貴文 堀
紗友実 和嶋
Original Assignee
株式会社小松製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社小松製作所 filed Critical 株式会社小松製作所
Priority to DE112019000002.0T priority Critical patent/DE112019000002T5/de
Priority to CN201980000238.5A priority patent/CN111201349B/zh
Publication of WO2020059165A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020059165A1/ja

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0858—Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
    • E02F9/0866—Engine compartment, e.g. heat exchangers, exhaust filters, cooling devices, silencers, mufflers, position of hydraulic pumps in the engine compartment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/25—Track vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B60Y2200/412—Excavators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction machine.
  • This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-176190 filed in Japan on September 20, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses an electric hydraulic excavator as an example of a construction machine.
  • the electric hydraulic excavator includes an electric motor driven by electric power stored in a battery instead of the engine of the conventional hydraulic excavator.
  • a battery unit having a number of batteries is provided at a rear portion of the upper revolving superstructure of the electric hydraulic excavator.
  • the battery unit is covered by a rear cover.
  • a cooling unit, an inverter, an electric motor, and a hydraulic pump are provided in a side region inside the side cover of the electric hydraulic excavator.
  • the cooling unit has a cooling fan that blows air toward an exhaust port formed on a side surface of the side cover, and a heat exchange unit that faces the upstream side of the cooling fan.
  • the cooling fan blows air toward the outside of the side surface of the side cover, that is, toward the outside in the width direction of the upper swing body. Therefore, especially the air introduced through the air inlet on the side surface of the side cover is largely deflected. For this reason, it is necessary to secure a large air circulation path around the cooling unit by an amount corresponding to the turning of the air.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine capable of reducing the size of a cooling device and improving cooling efficiency.
  • the construction machine includes a base plate extending in a horizontal direction, and covering a region of a predetermined space on the base plate from outside in a width direction, and further including a first opening and a front side of the first opening.
  • An exterior cover having an outer wall panel having a second opening formed therein, and a cooling device provided along the outer wall panel in the exterior cover in a width direction inside of the base plate, wherein the cooling device includes A cooling fan that is provided between one opening and the second opening and blows air from a rear side toward a front side, and a heat exchange medium flows inside the cooling fan facing the cooling fan.
  • a cooling unit having a heat exchange portion through which air can flow in the front-rear direction; and a cooling unit extending inward in the width direction from the first opening.
  • a first baffle member extending toward the cooling unit, and a second baffle member extending toward the cooling unit from the second opening toward the inside in the width direction.
  • An oil tank is further provided on the front side of the air guide member and stores hydraulic oil.
  • the cooling device can be made compact and the cooling efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an electric hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a schematic plan view showing an internal structure of an upper swing body of an electric hydraulic shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical left view which shows the internal structure of the upper revolving super structure of the electric hydraulic shovel which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic right side view showing an internal structure of an upper swing body of an electric hydraulic shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a right side view of the upper swing body of the electric hydraulic shovel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooling device for an electric hydraulic shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an electric hydraulic excavator 200 as an example of an electric construction machine includes a lower traveling body 210 and an upper swing body 220.
  • the direction in which gravity acts when the electric hydraulic excavator 200 is installed on a horizontal plane is referred to as a vertical direction.
  • the lower traveling body 210 has a pair of crawler belts 211.
  • the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 210 is referred to as the front-rear direction
  • the front side in the traveling direction (the normal forward direction, the side provided with the blades 212 below)
  • the rear in the traveling direction opposite to the front is referred to as the rear.
  • the right side in the forward direction is referred to as “right”
  • the left side is referred to as “left”.
  • the crawler belt 211 is provided with a pair on the left and right.
  • a blade 212 is provided as a soil discharge plate extending in the vehicle width direction of the lower traveling body 210 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the width direction).
  • the height position of the blade 212 is adjustable by being driven by a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the upper revolving unit 220 is provided on the lower traveling unit 210.
  • the upper revolving unit 220 is connected to the lower traveling unit 210 via a swing circle 215.
  • the swing circle 215 has an annular shape centered on a pivot axis extending in the vertical direction.
  • the upper revolving unit 220 can be pivoted about the pivot axis with respect to the lower traveling unit 210 by the swing circle 215.
  • the upper revolving unit 220 includes a work implement 221, a revolving frame 10, a portal frame 20, a battery unit 31, an inverter 36, a power delivery unit 37, a charging connector connection unit 38, and an electric motor 39. , A hydraulic pump 51, a hydraulic valve 52, an operation pattern switching unit 53, a turning motor 70, an auxiliary battery 64, an oil tank 65, an operating space 80, a protector 95, an outer cover 100, and a cooling device 150.
  • the work machine 221 has a boom 222, an arm 223, and a bucket 224, as shown in FIG.
  • the work machine 221 performs various operations such as excavation by driving the boom 222, the arm 223, and the bucket 224 by respective hydraulic cylinders.
  • width direction of the upper swing body 220 in a state where the work implement 221 faces the front of the electric hydraulic excavator 200 will be simply referred to as “width direction”.
  • the direction toward the center in the width direction is referred to as “width-direction inside”, and the direction from the center in the width direction to the left (one side in the width direction) or the right side (the other side in the width direction) is referred to as “outside in the width direction”.
  • the turning frame 10 has a base plate 11, a horizontal partition plate 12, a front vertical partition plate 13, a front reinforcing plate 14, a bracket 15, and a rear vertical partition plate 16.
  • the base plate 11 is a plate-shaped member extending in the horizontal direction. That is, the base plate 11 extends in the front-rear direction and the width direction.
  • the base plate 11 may be configured by a single steel plate, or may be configured by combining a plurality of steel plates.
  • the lower surface of the base plate 11 is fixed on the swing circle 215. Thereby, the turning frame 10 is supported by the swing circle 215 from below.
  • the horizontal partition plate 12 is a plate-shaped member that protrudes upward from the upper surface of the base plate 11 and extends in the width direction.
  • the horizontal partition plate 12 extends with the width direction as the longitudinal direction.
  • the horizontal partition plate 12 is disposed at a portion on the front side of the center of the base plate 11 in the front-rear direction.
  • the horizontal partition plate 12 extends over both ends in the width direction of the base plate 11, that is, over both left and right ends.
  • the front vertical partition plate 13 is a plate-like member that protrudes from the upper surface of the base plate 11 and extends in the front-rear direction.
  • a pair of front vertical partition plates 13 are provided on the upper surface of the base plate 11 on the front side of the horizontal partition plate 12 and are separated from each other in the width direction. That is, a pair of front vertical partition plates 13 is provided at intervals on the left and right.
  • Each of the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 is disposed on the inner side in the width direction from both ends in the width direction of the base plate 11.
  • the front vertical partition plate 13 has a rear end connected to a surface facing the front side of the horizontal partition plate 12. That is, the front vertical partition plate 13 is provided so as to extend forward from the horizontal partition plate 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 are provided so as to approach each other from the rear end, which is the connection point with the horizontal partition plate 12, toward the front.
  • the front reinforcing plate 14 is integrally fixed to the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 at the front of the pair of front vertical partition plates 13.
  • the front reinforcing plate 14 has a shape in which the interval in the width direction decreases toward the front in plan view according to the arrangement of the pair of front vertical partition plates 13.
  • the bracket 15 is fixed to the front ends of the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 and the front reinforcing plate 14.
  • the bracket 15 is a cylindrical member penetrating vertically.
  • the front ends of a pair of front vertical partition plates 13 and front reinforcing plates 14 are integrally fixed to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface.
  • the work implement 221 is supported on the base plate 11 via the bracket 15.
  • the rear vertical partition plate 16 is a plate-like member that protrudes from the upper surface of the base plate 11 and extends in the front-rear direction.
  • a pair of rear vertical partition plates 16 are provided on the upper surface of the base plate 11 behind the horizontal partition plate 12 and are spaced apart from each other in the width direction. That is, a pair of rear vertical partition plates 16 are provided on the left and right.
  • the interval between the pair of rear vertical partition plates 16 in the width direction is larger than the interval between the rear ends of the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 in the width direction.
  • the portal frame 20 has a pair of column portions 21 and beam portions 22.
  • the pair of pillar portions 21 are provided behind the horizontal partition plate 12 on the base plate 11 and are spaced apart in the width direction.
  • the pillar 21 extends in the up-down direction, and the lower end is fixed to the base plate 11.
  • the beam 22 extends in the width direction over the upper ends of the pair of pillars 21.
  • the beam portion 22 is provided above the upper surface of the base plate 11 with a distance from the upper surface.
  • the pair of pillar portions 21 and beam portions 22 are fixed integrally.
  • the portal frame 20 has an inverted U shape when viewed from the front-back direction.
  • the battery unit 31 is a power source of the electric hydraulic excavator 200. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the battery unit 31 is provided near the center of the rear portion on the base plate 11. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the battery unit 31 of the present embodiment is assembled by vertically stacking a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) battery modules 32.
  • Each battery module 32 contains a plurality of battery bodies inside.
  • a battery circuit is formed by electrically connecting the battery body to the entire battery unit 31.
  • a sensor box 34 is provided at the rear of each battery module 32.
  • Various sensors, contactors, and the like are housed inside the sensor box 34.
  • a service plug 35 is provided on the uppermost sensor box 34 so as to project rearward from the sensor box 34. By pulling out the service plug 35, the battery circuit of the battery unit 31 is shut off.
  • the uppermost battery module 32 has a shorter dimension in the front-rear direction than the other battery modules 32. Therefore, the front part of the upper surface of the second battery module 32 from the top is exposed upward without stacking the uppermost battery module 32. This part is closed by the first lid 31f. The upper surface of the uppermost battery module 32 is closed by the second lid 31g.
  • a pair of battery fans 140 (not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) are provided in each of the first lid 31 f and the second lid 31 g at intervals in the width direction. .
  • the battery fan 140 blows the air inside the battery unit 31 upward. Thereby, in the battery unit 31, the air flowing from below the lowermost battery module 32 flows upward while cooling the battery body. Then, the air is discharged to the outside of the battery unit 31 via the battery fan 140 provided on the first lid 31f and the second lid 31g.
  • the left and right ends of the lower surface of the battery unit 31 are fixed on the rear vertical partition plate 16.
  • the battery unit 31 is configured such that only the front part of the battery unit 31 including the front parts of the plurality of battery modules 32 except the uppermost battery module 32 passes through the inside of the inverted U-shaped portal frame 20. It is arranged on the front side of the portal frame 20.
  • the inverter 36 is provided on the second lid 31g of the battery unit 31 via a frame-shaped carrier 36a, as shown in FIGS. Inverter 36 converts DC power supplied from battery unit 31 to AC power.
  • the power delivery unit 37 is provided on the base plate 11 on the right side of the battery unit 31, as shown in FIGS.
  • the power delivery unit 37 supplies the DC power charged in the battery unit 31 to the inverter 36. That is, the DC power from the battery unit 31 is supplied to the inverter 36 via the power delivery unit 37.
  • the power delivery unit 37 is provided with various electric devices such as a contactor, a DC-DC converter, and a vehicle-mounted charger.
  • the charging connector connection part 38 is provided on the battery unit 31, as shown in FIGS. Like the inverter 36, the charging connector connection part 38 is fixed to a carrier 36a (not shown in FIG. 2) fixed on the second lid 31g of the battery unit 31. The charging connector connection part 38 is disposed immediately above the sensor box 34. The charging connector connection section 38 has a normal charging port and a quick charging port. The battery unit 31, the inverter 36, and the charging connector connection part 38 are electrically connected by the power delivery unit 37.
  • the electric motor 39 is driven by AC power supplied from the inverter 36. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electric motor 39 is provided on the left side of the battery unit 31. The electric motor 39 is provided such that the drive shaft extends in the front-rear direction.
  • the hydraulic pump 51 discharges hydraulic oil by being driven with the rotation of the drive shaft of the electric motor 39.
  • the hydraulic pump 51 is provided on the base plate 11 in front of the electric motor 39 and near the front and rear positions of the horizontal partition plate 12.
  • the hydraulic pump 51 is arranged so that the rotation axis extends in the front-rear direction.
  • An electric motor 39 is provided behind the hydraulic pump 51 via the partition wall 24.
  • the hydraulic pump 51 is supported by a support (not shown) and is provided above the base plate 11 with an interval.
  • the axis of the rotation shaft of the hydraulic pump 51 extends in the front-rear direction so as to coincide with the rotation axis of the drive shaft of the electric motor 39.
  • the rotation shaft of the hydraulic pump 51 is connected to the drive shaft of the electric motor 39.
  • the hydraulic valve 52 is provided on the base plate 11 on the left side of the front vertical partition plate 13 and on the front side of the horizontal partition plate 12.
  • the hydraulic valve 52 is connected to the hydraulic pump 51.
  • the hydraulic valve 52 distributes hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 to hydraulic devices such as various hydraulic cylinders.
  • the operation pattern switching unit 53 is connected to the hydraulic valve 52, and changes the setting destination of the hydraulic oil by the hydraulic valve 52 when the setting is changed by a maintenance worker. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder that is moved by the driver's operation of various levers is changed. As a result, the operation patterns of various lever operations by the driver can be switched. As shown in FIG. 2, the operation pattern switching unit 53 is disposed on the left side (outside in the width direction) of the hydraulic valve 52 in plan view.
  • the swing motor 70 is a hydraulically driven motor that is rotationally driven by hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic valve 52.
  • the turning motor 70 is provided at a position between the pair of front vertical partition plates 13 in the base plate 11 so as to penetrate the base plate 11.
  • the axis of the rotation shaft of the swing motor 70 is aligned with the vertical direction.
  • the auxiliary battery 64 is provided in a side region S at the front right side of the base plate 11.
  • the auxiliary battery 64 is provided on the front side of the horizontal partition plate and on the right side of the front vertical partition plate on the right side.
  • the auxiliary battery 64 is fixed on the base plate 11 as shown in FIG.
  • the accessory battery 64 supplies power to accessories such as lights and various controllers.
  • the auxiliary battery 64 is charged via the DC-DC converter of the power delivery unit 37.
  • the oil tank 65 is provided at the front of the side region S on the base plate 11, as shown in FIG.
  • the oil tank 65 is provided in front of and above the auxiliary battery 64 as shown in FIG.
  • the oil tank 65 is provided above the base plate 11 via a support (not shown).
  • the oil tank 65 stores hydraulic oil supplied to each hydraulic cylinder and each hydraulic motor.
  • the operating space 80 is a portion where an operator boards and the operator operates the electric hydraulic excavator 200. As shown in FIG. 2, the driving space 80 is provided at a front portion of the upper swing body 220 and at a leftward portion in an upper portion.
  • the operating space 80 has a floor panel 81.
  • the floor panel 81 forms the floor of the operating space 80.
  • the floor panel 81 covers the hydraulic valve 52, the operation pattern switching unit 53, and the swing motor 70 from above.
  • the left portion of the upper surface of the floor panel 81 is open to the outside of the upper swing body 220. The operator can board the driving space 80 from the left side of the opened floor panel 81.
  • the operating space 80 is defined by an operating space partition panel 82 above and in front of the front of the battery unit 31, as shown in FIGS.
  • the operation space partition panel 82 has a horizontal panel 82a and upper and lower panels 82b.
  • the horizontal panel 82a has a plate shape extending in the front-rear direction and the width direction at an interval above the first lid 31f of the battery unit 31.
  • the rear end of the horizontal panel 82a is fixed to the beam 22 of the portal frame 20 over the width direction.
  • the front end of the horizontal panel 82a is located forward of the front surface of the front part of the battery unit 31.
  • the upper and lower panels 82b have a plate shape extending in the vertical and width directions.
  • the upper ends of the upper and lower panels 82b are connected to the front ends of the horizontal panels 82a.
  • the lower ends of the upper and lower panels 82b are located at the height of a pair of front vertical partition plates 13.
  • Various controllers may be accommodated in the space behind the upper and lower panels 82b.
  • the operating space 80 is partitioned from the right side by a side partition panel 83, as shown in FIGS.
  • the side partition panel 83 is a panel extending in the front-back direction and the up-down direction.
  • a driving seat 84 is provided in the driving space 80.
  • An operator who operates the electric hydraulic excavator 200 is seated on the driver's seat 84.
  • the driver's seat 84 is fixed on the horizontal panel 82a of the driving space partition panel 82 shown in FIGS.
  • Console boxes (not shown) are provided on both left and right sides of the driver's seat 84, respectively.
  • Various controllers and the like are housed in the console box.
  • An operation lever is provided in front of the console box and the driver's seat 84. The operation patterns by these operation levers are switched by the operation pattern switching unit 53 described above.
  • the driving space 80 is covered by a canopy 90 from above.
  • the rear part of the canopy 90 is supported by the portal frame 20.
  • a pair of protectors 95 are provided at both rear and lower corners of the upper swing body 220 at intervals in the width direction.
  • the protector 95 is formed of a high-strength member such as a steel material.
  • the protectors 95 are integrally fixed to the corners on both sides of the rear end of the base plate 11 and extend upward.
  • the protector 95 protects the upper revolving unit 220 from an impact when a rear portion collides during the revolving operation of the upper revolving unit 220.
  • the outer cover 100 is a cover that forms the outer shape of the upper swing body 220 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6. Various devices of the upper swing body 220 are housed inside the outer cover 100.
  • the exterior cover 100 has a rear cover 110, a left cover 120, and a right cover 130.
  • the rear cover 110 forms a rear portion of the exterior cover 100. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the rear cover 110 connects the battery unit 31, the inverter 36, the carrier, the power delivery unit 37, the charging connector connection part 38, and the electric motor 39 on the base plate 11 to the rear of the upper revolving unit 220, It covers from above and both sides in the width direction.
  • the left cover 120 forms the left part of the exterior cover 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the left cover 120 covers the hydraulic pump 51, the hydraulic valve 52, and the operation pattern switching unit 53 from the left side.
  • the right cover forms the right side portion of the exterior cover 100 as shown in FIG.
  • the right cover 130 has an outer wall panel 131 and an opening / closing panel 132.
  • the outer wall panel 131 covers, from the right side, a side area S on the base plate 11 where the auxiliary battery 64 and the oil tank 65 are arranged.
  • the outer wall panel 131 extends in the front-back direction and the up-down direction.
  • the rear end of the outer wall panel 131 is connected to the front end of the rear cover 110.
  • the side region S is partitioned from the left and right by the outer wall panel 131 and the side partition panel 83.
  • the outer wall panel 131 has a first opening 131a and a second opening 131b that communicate the outer wall panel 131 in the width direction.
  • the first opening 131a is formed at the rear of the outer wall panel 131.
  • the second opening 131b is formed on the front side of the first opening 131a and at the front of the outer wall panel 131.
  • the opening area of the first opening 131a is larger than the opening area of the second opening 131b.
  • the first opening 131a and the second opening 131b are formed by arranging a plurality of slits extending in the front-rear direction in the vertical direction.
  • a door 131c that can be opened and closed is provided below the outer wall panel 131. By opening the door 131c, the auxiliary battery 64 can be accessed from outside.
  • the opening / closing panel 132 covers the base plate 11 from above and from the front. As shown in FIG. 5, the opening / closing panel 132 is provided rotatably around an axis extending in the width direction at the lower front end of the right cover 130. By rotating the open / close panel 132, the side area S is opened. As a result, the side area S can be accessed from outside.
  • the cooling device 150 cools each device of the electric hydraulic excavator 200.
  • the cooling device 150 is provided in the side region S on the base plate 11, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the cooling device 150 is provided above the base plate 11 and the auxiliary battery 64 via a support (not shown).
  • the cooling device 150 includes a cooling unit 151, a first air guide member 180, and a second air guide member 190.
  • the cooling unit 151 is provided at a position in the front-rear direction between the first opening 131a and the second opening 131b in the side region S on the base plate 11.
  • the cooling unit 151 is provided along the inner surface of the outer wall panel 131 of the right cover 130. In the present embodiment, the outer surface in the width direction of the cooling unit 151 is in contact with the inner surface of the outer wall panel 131.
  • the cooling unit 151 has a cooling fan 160 and a heat exchange unit 170.
  • the cooling fan 160 blows air in the front-back direction.
  • the cooling fan 160 has a fan main body 161 and a casing 162.
  • the fan main body 161 has a plurality of blades rotated around an axis.
  • the fan main body 161 is arranged in a state where the axes are aligned in the front-rear direction.
  • the fan body 161 is driven by a fan motor (not shown) to blow air in the front-rear direction.
  • the cooling fan 160 of the present embodiment blows air from the rear side to the front side.
  • the casing 162 has a frame shape surrounding the fan main body 161 from the outer peripheral side.
  • the fan main body 161 is housed in the casing 162.
  • the casing 162 is provided with a shroud (not shown) whose inner peripheral surface faces the outer peripheral surface of the fan main body 161.
  • the cooling fan 160 is disposed at a position close to the second opening 131b on the side region S on the base plate 11.
  • the cooling fan 160 is provided at a position in the front-rear direction along the rear edge of the second opening 131b.
  • An oil tank 65 is arranged at an interval in front of the cooling fan 160.
  • the cooling fan 160 has a rectangular shape in which the front-back direction is the short direction and the width direction is the long direction in plan view.
  • the heat exchange unit 170 cools the heat exchange medium by exchanging heat between the heat exchange medium flowing inside and the air blown by the cooling fan 160.
  • the heat exchange section 170 is provided so as to face the rear side of the cooling fan 160.
  • the heat exchange section 170 is provided integrally on the rear side of the cooling fan 160.
  • the heat exchange section 170 has dimensions in the width direction and the vertical direction corresponding to the cooling fan 160.
  • the heat exchange section 170 has a large number of communication sections through which air can flow in the front-rear direction. The heat exchange between the air and the heat exchange medium is performed in a process in which the air blown by driving the cooling fan 160 flows through the communication part of the heat exchange part 170.
  • the heat exchange section 170 has a plurality of heat exchangers.
  • a radiator 171, a second oil cooler 172, and a first oil cooler 173 are provided as a plurality of heat exchangers.
  • Cooling water flows inside the radiator 171 as a heat exchange medium.
  • the inverter 36 and the power delivery unit 37 are connected to the radiator 171 via piping.
  • the cooling water circulates through the radiator 171, the inverter 36, and the power delivery unit 37 via a pipe by driving the pump, thereby cooling the inverter 36 and the power delivery unit 37.
  • the second oil cooler 172 is connected to the electric motor 39 via a pipe.
  • the cooling oil circulates through the second oil cooler 172 and the electric motor 39 via the pipe by driving the pump. As a result, the lubrication of the sliding portion of the electric motor 39 is ensured and the electric motor 39 is oil-cooled.
  • Hydraulic oil flows through the first oil cooler 173 as a heat exchange medium. That is, hydraulic oil flowing through the oil tank 65, the hydraulic pump 51, and the hydraulic valve 52 is introduced into the first oil cooler 173 via the pipe.
  • the temperature of the cooling oil supplied to the second oil cooler 172 is higher than the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the radiator 171.
  • the operating oil supplied to the first oil cooler 173 has a higher temperature than the cooling oil supplied to the second oil cooler 172.
  • the temperatures of the cooling water, the cooling oil and the working oil are determined by the equipment to be cooled by the heat exchange medium.
  • the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173 have a rectangular shape extending in the width direction and the vertical direction when viewed from the front-back direction.
  • the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173 may be surrounded by a frame from the outer peripheral side.
  • the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173 are fixedly integrated so as to be sequentially stacked in the front-rear direction.
  • the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173 are arranged in this order from the rear side to the front side, that is, in the direction of air flow by the cooling fan 160. Are located.
  • the first air guide member 180 is provided on the side area S of the base plate 11 behind the heat exchange section 170.
  • the first air guide member 180 has a plate shape extending toward the heat exchange unit 170 side from the first opening 131a toward the inside in the width direction. That is, the first air guide member 180 extends forward so as to be inclined with respect to the width direction as it goes inward in the width direction.
  • a surface of the first wind guide member 180 facing forward and outward in the width direction is a first guide surface 181.
  • the first air guide member 180 is provided at a front-rear position corresponding to the first opening 131a.
  • the rear end of the first wind guide member 180 and the outer end in the width direction are connected to the rear edge of the first opening 131 a on the inner surface of the outer wall panel 131.
  • the front end of the first wind guide member 180 and the widthwise inner end are connected to the widthwise inner end of the rear end surface (the inlet 152 of the cooling unit 151) of the heat exchange unit 170.
  • the first air guide member 180 is provided in the side region S on the base plate 11 so as to allow the first opening 131a to communicate with the rear end surface serving as the air inlet 152 of the cooling unit 151. Is formed.
  • the entrance-side flow path F1 has, for example, a right-angled triangular shape having two sides on the first guide surface 181 and the rear end face of the cooling unit 151 in plan view. No device serving as a heat source is provided in the inlet side flow path F1. That is, the inlet-side flow path F1 directly connects the first opening 131a and the inlet 152 of the cooling unit 151 without using any equipment.
  • the first air guide member 180 is provided on the side area S of the base plate 11 behind the cooling fan 160.
  • the second wind guide member 190 has a plate shape extending toward the rear side on the cooling fan 160 side from the second opening 131b toward the inside in the width direction. That is, the second wind guide member 190 extends rearward so as to be inclined with respect to the width direction as it goes inward in the width direction.
  • the surface of the second wind guide member 190 facing rearward and outward in the width direction is a second guide surface 191.
  • the second air guide member 190 is provided at a position in the front-rear direction corresponding to the second opening 131b.
  • the front end of the second wind guide member 190 and the outer end in the width direction are connected to the front edge of the second opening 131 b on the inner surface of the outer wall panel 131.
  • the rear end of the second wind guide member 190 and the widthwise inner end are connected to the widthwise inner end of the front end surface of the cooling fan 160 (the outlet 153 of the cooling unit 151).
  • the second air guide member 190 provides the outlet-side flow path F2 in the side region S on the base plate 11 for communicating the second opening 131b with the front end surface serving as the air outlet 153 of the cooling unit 151. Is formed.
  • the outlet-side flow path F2 has, for example, a right-angled triangular shape having two sides on the second guide surface 191 and two sides on the front end surface of the cooling unit 151 in plan view. No device serving as a heat source is provided in the outlet side flow path F2. That is, the outlet side flow path F2 directly connects the second opening 131b and the outlet 153 of the cooling unit 151 without using any device.
  • a closing plate that closes the inlet-side flow path F1 and the outlet-side flow path F2 from above and below may be provided.
  • the dimension D2 in the front-rear direction of the second air guide member 190 is shorter than the dimension D1 in the front-rear direction of the first air guide member 180.
  • the volume of the outlet-side channel F2 formed by the second air guide member 190 is smaller than the volume of the inlet-side channel F1 formed by the first air guide member 180.
  • An oil tank 65 is arranged in front of the second air guide member 190.
  • the cooling fan 160 when the cooling fan 160 is driven around an axis extending in the front-rear direction, air flows from the rear to the front in the side region S on the base plate 11 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the air in the inlet-side flow path F1 into which the air is introduced through the first opening 131a of the outer wall panel 131 is introduced into the inlet-side flow path F1 defined by the first air guide member 180.
  • the wind member 180 is guided toward the inside in the width direction and toward the front side in accordance with the inclination of the first guide surface 181 of the wind member 180.
  • the cooling unit 151 through which air flows in the front-rear direction and the first wind guide member 180 extending inward in the width direction and inclined in the front-rear direction from the outer wall panel 131, respectively. Air is introduced and discharged through the second air guide member 190. As a result, the air turning area in the side area S in the exterior cover 100 is distributed to two portions (the inlet side flow path F1 and the outlet side flow path F2) on the upstream side and the downstream side of the cooling unit 151. .
  • the turning angle can be suppressed in each of the inlet-side flow path F1 and the outlet-side flow path F2, so that it is not necessary to secure a large volume of the inlet-side flow path F1 and the outlet-side flow path F2. Further, since the turning angle of the air is suppressed, the air can be smoothly circulated, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
  • the inlet-side flow path F1 and the outlet-side flow path F2 formed by the first air guide member 180 and the second air guide member 190 have a triangular shape in plan view. . Therefore, in the inlet side flow path F1 and the outlet side flow path F2, the volume can be suppressed while securing the flow path cross-sectional area. Therefore, a compact configuration can be realized while ensuring smooth air flow.
  • the cooling fan 160 blows air from the rear side toward the front side. Thereby, air flows in from the first opening 131a formed on the rear side, and flows out from the second opening 131b formed on the front side.
  • the area on the front side of the upper revolving unit 220 is easy for dust and dust to fly, and the air cleanliness is high. Is low.
  • the air flows in from the first opening 131a on the rear side where the cleanliness of the air is relatively high it is possible to suppress the intrusion of dust or dust into the cooling unit 151. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the attachment of dust and dust to the cooling unit 151, and it is possible to maintain the cooling efficiency. Therefore, the frequency of maintenance can be reduced.
  • the second air guide member 190 is provided between the outlet 153 of the cooling unit 151 and the oil tank 65. If the second air guide member 190 is not provided, the air flowing out of the cooling unit 151 is directed forward and collides with the oil tank 65. The air that has risen and collided with the oil tank 65 enters the operating space 80 via a gap between the side partition panels 83 serving as a partition from the operating space 80. In this case, devices such as an operator in the driver's seat 84 and a controller housed in the console box are exposed to high temperatures, which is not preferable. In the present embodiment, since the second air guide member 190 also functions as a shielding plate between the oil tank 65 and the cooling unit 151, the above inconvenience can be solved.
  • the heat exchange section 170 of the present embodiment has a radiator 171, a second oil cooler 172, and a first oil cooler 173 that are sequentially arranged from the rear to the front. Thereby, the cooling water, the cooling oil, and the working oil can be efficiently cooled collectively. Generally, the temperature increases in the order of cooling water, cooling oil, and hydraulic oil. In the present embodiment, since the heat exchanger having a low temperature of the heat exchange medium is disposed on the rear side, which is the upstream side of the air, the heat exchange of the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173 is performed. The medium can be cooled appropriately.
  • devices such as the inverter 36, the power delivery unit 37, the electric motor 39, the hydraulic pump 51, and the hydraulic valve 52 are arranged on the base plate 11 in a region different from the cooling device 150. Therefore, these devices are not arranged in the air circulation path of the cooling device 150. Therefore, the air heated by another device is not introduced into the cooling unit 151, and the cooling performance of the cooling unit 151 can be secured.
  • the battery unit 31 is cooled separately from the cooling device 150 by the battery fan 140 provided in the battery unit 31. Therefore, the air that has cooled the battery body in the battery unit 31 is not introduced into the cooling unit 151. Therefore, as described above, only air not heated by other devices can be introduced into the cooling unit 151, and the cooling performance of the cooling unit 151 can be ensured.
  • the heat exchange unit 170 is configured by three heat exchangers of the radiator 171, the second oil cooler 172, and the first oil cooler 173.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat exchange section 170 may be composed of only one heat exchanger, or may be composed of two or four or more heat exchangers.
  • a heat exchanger for cooling a heat exchange medium other than cooling water, cooling oil and hydraulic oil may be provided.
  • the side region S may be arranged on the left side of the base plate 11.
  • the cooling device 150 is provided along the left cover 120, and a pair of openings for sucking and discharging air is formed in the driver's seat 84.
  • the electric hydraulic excavator 200 has been described as an example of the electric construction machine, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the present invention may be applied to an electric shovel that also entirely drives the work machine 221 or the like, or an electric hydraulic shovel to which electric power is supplied from the outside via a cable.
  • the present invention may be applied to other construction machines such as a hydraulic shovel equipped with an engine.
  • the cooling device can be made compact and the cooling efficiency can be improved.
  • Heat exchange unit 171 ... Radiator, 172 ... Second oil cooler, 173 ... First oil cooler, 180 ... First air guide member, 181 ... First guide surface, 190 ... Two wind guide members, 191: second guide surface, 200: electric hydraulic excavator, 210: lower traveling body, 211: crawler track, 21 ... blade, 215 ... swing circle, 220 ... upper swing body, 221 ... working machine, 222 ... boom, 223 ... arm, 224 ... bucket, S ... side regions, F1 ... inlet passage, F2 ... outlet passage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/002166 2018-09-20 2019-01-24 建設機械 WO2020059165A1 (ja)

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DE112019000002.0T DE112019000002T5 (de) 2018-09-20 2019-01-24 Baumaschine
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JP7133413B2 (ja) 2022-09-08
CN111201349B (zh) 2022-10-28
JP2020045709A (ja) 2020-03-26
DE112019000002T5 (de) 2020-08-20

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