WO2020050123A1 - 複合材料、硬化性組成物、及び硬化性組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
複合材料、硬化性組成物、及び硬化性組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020050123A1 WO2020050123A1 PCT/JP2019/033882 JP2019033882W WO2020050123A1 WO 2020050123 A1 WO2020050123 A1 WO 2020050123A1 JP 2019033882 W JP2019033882 W JP 2019033882W WO 2020050123 A1 WO2020050123 A1 WO 2020050123A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inorganic
- particles
- particle diameter
- spherical
- average primary
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 241
- 239000012797 inorganic spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001824 photoionisation detection Methods 0.000 description 116
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 59
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- -1 such as the shape Substances 0.000 description 34
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)C(=O)C1C2(C)C VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930006711 bornane-2,3-dione Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZKFOEDSYSPDTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C=C ZKFOEDSYSPDTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISPFRDAWONQRSH-JTQLQIEISA-N (2s)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ISPFRDAWONQRSH-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDKMFQGAZVMXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)CCl DDKMFQGAZVMXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-5,6-dimethylheptane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C(C)CCCCN=C=O VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGWPHDAPRAREAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-2-prop-2-enoyloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C(C(O)=O)=C1 FGWPHDAPRAREAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound O[S@@](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011350 dental composite resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=O HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003455 sulfinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKMCJEPDHKUQRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-benzoylphenyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KKMCJEPDHKUQRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UILJLCFPJOIGLP-BYPYZUCNSA-N (2s)-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)C=C UILJLCFPJOIGLP-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFHQGYBXSCRMNT-JTQLQIEISA-N (2s)-3-phenyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XFHQGYBXSCRMNT-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTVWMWLQDABAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-bromo-4-phosphonooxybutyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCCC(COP(O)(O)=O)Br RTVWMWLQDABAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXBHZLBILICSRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methyl-3-oxopent-4-enyl) N-[2,3-dimethyl-7-[(4-methyl-3-oxopent-4-enoxy)carbonylamino]heptan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound C(C(=C)C)(=O)CCOC(=O)NC(C(CCCCNC(=O)OCCC(C(=C)C)=O)C)(C)C MXBHZLBILICSRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)CF MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWTGRKUQJXIWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(O)C(O)CO JWTGRKUQJXIWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenyl-2-propan-2-yloxyethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC(C)C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Butyleneglycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLKQHBOKULLWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Br)=CC=CC2=C1 DLKQHBOKULLWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDXHBDVTZNMBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCOC(O)COCCO SDXHBDVTZNMBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWVBRUMYFUDEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxyethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCOC(O)CO WWVBRUMYFUDEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSCSROFYRUZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxyethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound COC(O)CO CSCSROFYRUZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZKVUSSYPPWURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound S1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2C QZKVUSSYPPWURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKVCQMYWYHDOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenoxyethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NKVCQMYWYHDOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTMDDSQESSRCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-phosphonooxydecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C NTMDDSQESSRCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXPIONWRHZTWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-prop-2-enoyloxydecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ZXPIONWRHZTWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004098 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C1=C(Cl)C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- YHYCMHWTYHPIQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1-methoxyethanol Chemical compound COC(O)COCCO YHYCMHWTYHPIQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLIQLHSBZXDKLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOCC(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HLIQLHSBZXDKLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKYJPYDJNQXILT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C RKYJPYDJNQXILT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGPBVJWCIDNDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C=O DGPBVJWCIDNDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUXSGEAJTVTRMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(prop-2-enoylamino)ethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCNC(=O)C=C NUXSGEAJTVTRMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCCO WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHCHRKVXJJJZFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-1-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCC(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZHCHRKVXJJJZFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3,5,5-trimethyl-6-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexyl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CNC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKBQTCKRQGDCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hydroxy(3-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)phosphoryl]acetic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCOP(=O)(CC(=O)O)O MKBQTCKRQGDCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEXZMHOUTNSIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hydroxy(4-prop-2-enoyloxybutoxy)phosphoryl]acetic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCOP(=O)(CC(=O)O)O QEXZMHOUTNSIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZXVRSDEWSULK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hydroxy(6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexoxy)phosphoryl]acetic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOP(=O)(CC(=O)O)O HKZXVRSDEWSULK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWRLBQZUHYWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hydroxy(phenoxy)phosphoryl]oxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOP(=O)(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 KIWRLBQZUHYWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVRDWDXWGKCYTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-3-prop-2-enoylbenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(=O)C=C DVRDWDXWGKCYTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3SC2=C1 ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASEUXRQULQEGGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decyl-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)(C(O)=O)OC(=O)C=C ASEUXRQULQEGGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSRMLPCDUQJASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecyl-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanedioic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O QSRMLPCDUQJASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DILXLMRYFWFBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-formylbenzene-1,4-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(C=O)=C1 DILXLMRYFWFBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-mercapto-1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(S)=NC2=C1 FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;prop-2-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.CC(C)CS(O)(=O)=O AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPEWGZYRIAXJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nonyl-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanedioic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O DPEWGZYRIAXJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYYUOCGLIQVVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octyl-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanedioic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OC(CCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O PYYUOCGLIQVVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBNVXKBMPATGEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentyl-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanedioic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OC(CCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O CBNVXKBMPATGEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDXXYUDJOHIIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UDXXYUDJOHIIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFLAJEAQOBRXIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C YFLAJEAQOBRXIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDBVMVIVLISACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)naphthalene-1,2,6-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)c1ccc2c(C(O)=O)c(C(O)=O)c(CCOC(=O)C=C)cc2c1 IDBVMVIVLISACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPZLDVPRAIERSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[2-[4-[3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propoxy]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCCOC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 OPZLDVPRAIERSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl Chemical group [CH2]CCO QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDIYEOMDOWUDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 YDIYEOMDOWUDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTEUUUADXRPGAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-prop-2-enoylbenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)C=C)=C1 JTEUUUADXRPGAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUUZAKLLHPPMFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-prop-2-enoyloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(OC(=O)C=C)=C1 FUUZAKLLHPPMFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRQWEODKXLDORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 IRQWEODKXLDORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-butyl Chemical group [CH2]CCCO SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZDMJPAQQFSMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxo-4-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)butanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UZDMJPAQQFSMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDOSDCQRPAABHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxo-4-propoxybutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(O)=O PDOSDCQRPAABHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTKIZIQFMHVTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-butyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CCCCC1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O HTKIZIQFMHVTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIYVVIUBKNTNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 WIYVVIUBKNTNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNLGHUTUQNFLSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phosphonooxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C UNLGHUTUQNFLSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940076442 9,10-anthraquinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-phenanthroquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFTRAXBVDFMORJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C(=C)C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1OCC)OCC)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1OCC)OCC)OC(C(=C)C)=O)OCC)OCC)OCC)OCC.C(C(=C)C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)OC(C(=C)C)=O)OCC)OCC)OCC)OCC Chemical compound C(C(=C)C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1OCC)OCC)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1OCC)OCC)OC(C(=C)C)=O)OCC)OCC)OCC)OCC.C(C(=C)C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)OC(C(=C)C)=O)OCC)OCC)OCC)OCC RFTRAXBVDFMORJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AROMMAFGVIQMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O.C(C=C)(=O)N Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)C(=O)O.C(C=C)(=O)N AROMMAFGVIQMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diacetyl Chemical group CC(=O)C(C)=O QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZCXCXDOGAEFQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Acryloylglycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C=C LZCXCXDOGAEFQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLVGBXBFROTHFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(OCCOC(C=C)=O)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O Chemical compound P(OCCOC(C=C)=O)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O BLVGBXBFROTHFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Panavia opaque Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEDSKTISNTXEQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-(4-propylphenyl)phosphoryl]-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(CCC)=CC=C1P(=O)(C(=O)C=1C(=CC=CC=1Cl)Cl)C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl ZEDSKTISNTXEQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJCLWHSZGZEAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-naphthalen-1-ylphosphoryl]-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl YNJCLWHSZGZEAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNRISHWSPBDRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-phenylphosphoryl]-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DNRISHWSPBDRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULQMPOIOSDXIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C ULQMPOIOSDXIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRKBXVCDDSZBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,3-diethoxy-4-[2-[2,3,5-triethoxy-4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)phenyl]propyl]phenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC1=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C(OCC)=CC(C(C)CC=2C(=C(OCC)C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=2)OCC)=C1OCC PRKBXVCDDSZBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSDJQMOZRWOIRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,3-dipropoxy-4-[2-[2,3,5-triethoxy-4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)phenyl]propyl]phenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=C(OCCC)C(OCCC)=C1CC(C)C1=CC(OCC)=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C(OCC)=C1OCC FSDJQMOZRWOIRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZTORBFYQVRJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-hydroxy-3-[2-[2-[2-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propoxy]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)COC1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C QZTORBFYQVRJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-methyl-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGCNOGBQRRSTSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-oxo-2-(10-prop-2-enoyloxydecoxy)ethyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C DGCNOGBQRRSTSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOVRCPBDDCLNIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C FOVRCPBDDCLNIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXXOHLLRULDPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-oxo-3-(3-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCCCOC(CCP(=O)(O)O)=O ZQXXOHLLRULDPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONGHDSJUXYRYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-oxo-3-(4-prop-2-enoyloxybutoxy)propyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCCCCOC(CCP(=O)(O)O)=O ONGHDSJUXYRYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRCMTIRVXOVDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-oxo-3-(5-prop-2-enoyloxypentoxy)propyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCC(=O)OCCCCCOC(=O)C=C MRCMTIRVXOVDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIPZALUJBHGKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-oxo-3-(6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexoxy)propyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LIPZALUJBHGKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUQJMSSFMULZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,5,5,6,6-pentaethoxy-4-[2-[1,5,5,6,6-pentaethoxy-4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]propan-2-yl]cyclohex-2-en-1-yl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C(C(=C)C)(=O)OC1C(C(C(C=C1)(C(C)(C)C1(C(C(C(C=C1)OC(C(=C)C)=O)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC)OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC UUQJMSSFMULZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRXMSCIBDRKLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-[4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2,3-dipropoxyphenyl]propan-2-yl]-2,3-dipropoxyphenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC1=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C(=C(OCCC)C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=2)OCCC)=C1OCCC RRXMSCIBDRKLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUJYRWXNUFEUHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-[4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-propan-2-yloxyphenyl]propan-2-yl]-3-propan-2-yloxyphenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1OC(C)C NUJYRWXNUFEUHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004018 acid anhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125717 barbiturate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007656 barbituric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIJGNTRUPZPVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarbothioic s-acid Chemical compound SC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UIJGNTRUPZPVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZWPWLKXZYNXATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-methylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZWPWLKXZYNXATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUZSUMLPWDHKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A dimethacrylate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 QUZSUMLPWDHKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003479 dental cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005548 dental material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N desyl alcohol Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005520 diaryliodonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021480 group 4 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L malate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002921 oxetanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NPUSTSBKXOLJIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)phosphinic acid Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOP(=O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)O NPUSTSBKXOLJIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYJLQHKOGNDPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CP(O)(O)=O XUYJLQHKOGNDPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940103494 thiosalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XASAPYQVQBKMIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K ytterbium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Yb](F)F XASAPYQVQBKMIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
- C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/17—Particle size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/16—Refractive index
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
- A61K6/71—Fillers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
- A61K6/71—Fillers
- A61K6/76—Fillers comprising silicon-containing compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/831—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising non-metallic elements or compounds thereof, e.g. carbon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/016—Additives defined by their aspect ratio
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite material in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a resin matrix, a curable composition for providing the composite material, and a method for producing the curable composition. Specifically, it can be used as a dental filling and restorative material that can control the appearance color tone without using a dye, a pigment, and the like, has little fading and discoloration, and can be restored with excellent simplicity and esthetics.
- the present invention relates to a composite material, a curable composition for providing the composite material, and a method for producing the curable composition.
- Dental composite resin (hereinafter also referred to as “CR”) is a type of material for restoring teeth damaged by caries, fracture, etc., and comprises a polymerizable monomer, an inorganic filler, And a curable composition containing Restoration using dental composite resin (CR) (CR restoration) is rapidly spreading because it can reduce the amount of tooth cut, can provide the same color tone as natural teeth, and is easy to operate. . In recent years, it has been used not only for restoration of anterior teeth, but also for posterior teeth to which high occlusal pressure is applied due to improvement in mechanical strength and adhesion to teeth.
- CR restoration As described above, one of the excellent features of CR restoration is that restoration with high aesthetics is possible.
- the color of the tooth to be restored (tooth to be repaired) It is necessary to determine (hue and color tone) (this kind of color determination is sometimes referred to as “shade taking”), and to perform restoration by selecting a CR of a color that matches the determined color.
- the restoration may be performed using one color CR, but when performing a high aesthetic restoration that faithfully reproduces the color change due to the tooth part, a plurality of CRs having different colors are stacked. Sometimes it is repaired.
- CR restoration including such esthetic restoration, is performed using one or more CRs whose color tone has been adjusted by adding a pigment substance or a dye substance by changing its type or blending amount. It is.
- the CR in which the color tone is adjusted using a pigment substance or a dye substance is discolored or discolored due to aging of these substances in the cured body of the CR, so that the discoloration occurs as time elapses from the restoration. May not be compatible with natural teeth.
- Patent Document 1 discloses “a fine particle dispersion in which first fine particles having an average particle diameter in a range of 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m and a Cv value of the particle diameter of 10% or less are dispersed in a medium, A short-range ordered structure in which the arrangement structure of the first fine particles in the dispersion is an amorphous structure and satisfies a specific condition defined by “radial distribution function in plane g (r)”.
- the fine particle dispersion having an ⁇ a fine particle dispersion '' stably maintains the arrangement structure of the fine particles, can reflect light of a specific wavelength, and changes the peak wavelength of the reflected light with a change in the incident angle of the light. It is disclosed that the dispersion is a fine particle dispersion whose dependency can be sufficiently reduced.
- Patent Literature 2 discloses “The polymerizable monomer component (A), a spherical filler (B) having an average particle diameter in a range of 230 nm to 1000 nm, and a polymerization initiator (C). present in the range of 5% before and after the average particle diameter of 90% or more of the individual particles constituting the B), the refractive index n F at 25 ° C. of the spherical filler (B) is a polymerizable monomer consist component curable composition which satisfies the condition that is greater than the refractive index n P at 25 ° C.
- the lightness (V) of the colorimetric value of the colored light under the black background measured using a color difference meter according to the Munsell color system is less than 5, the chroma (C) is 0.05 or more, and white
- the lightness (V) of the colorimetric value of the colored light under the background in the Munsell color system is 6 A top, a curable composition chroma (C) is less than 2 "is disclosed.
- CR composed of the above curable composition hardly causes a problem of discoloration with time because (1) a dye substance or a pigment substance is not used, and (2) the cured product is (a spherical material to be used) It can be colored yellow to red, which is the same color as ivory color (depending on the average particle size of the filler), and (3) the cured body has appropriate transparency, so that the It is easy to harmonize, and it is possible to repair a wide range of colors to be restored to the appearance similar to natural teeth with a single CR without the need for complicated shade taking and shade selection of composite resin. It is described as having features.
- Patent Document 2 it is difficult to develop a structural color when the average particle diameter of the spherical filler used is less than 100 nm, and when a spherical filler having an average particle diameter of 150 nm or more and less than 230 nm is used, It is also described that a structural color appears and is difficult to harmonize with the color tone of the dentin surface in the deep part of the restoration cavity.
- Patent Literature 1 fine particles having a uniform particle size are dispersed so as to have an amorphous structure as a whole while having a specific short-range ordered structure, and thus are not affected by a change in the incident angle of light. It can be seen that a structural color having a certain color tone can be developed. Further, in Patent Document 2, colored light due to interference in a cured body of a curable composition (or CR made of the curable composition) is generated in a portion where constituent particles are relatively regularly accumulated, and is caused by scattering.
- the colored light is generated at a portion where the constituent particles are randomly distributed, and in this system, the balance between the long-range irregularity and the short-range regularity in the dispersed state of the spherical filler is also described. It can be inferred that this is important for obtaining the above effects.
- the CR disclosed in Patent Document 2 has not been quantitatively evaluated for the above balance in which the above effects are obtained.
- the spherical filler (B) is composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle diameter in the range of 230 to 1000 nm, and the spherical filler (B) has a total particle size distribution in the number-based particle size distribution.
- the present invention relates to a composite material such as a cured product of a curable composition disclosed in Patent Document 2, a fine filler or a plurality of spherical fillers for adjusting the viscosity of the curable composition or adjusting the contrast ratio of the cured product. It is an object to provide a composite material capable of exhibiting the above-mentioned effects even when a filler aggregate is used, a curable composition for providing the composite material, and a method for producing the curable composition.
- the inventor of the present invention utilizes a method of defining a short-range ordered structure using a “radial distribution function g (r) in a plane” disclosed in Patent Document 1 as a method of quantifying the dispersion state of spherical particles.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the case where a fine filler or a plurality of spherical filler aggregates for adjusting the viscosity of the curable composition or adjusting the contrast ratio of the cured product are used. As a result, the inventors have succeeded in specifying a short-range ordered structure that is effective in the system disclosed in Patent Literature 2, and have almost no effect on the structural color expression effect even when an ultrafine inorganic filler is added.
- the short-range ordered structure type that develops a structural color with each spherical filler aggregate is maintained even when a plurality of spherical filler aggregates are used, and each spherical filler aggregate is caused by each aggregate. It has been confirmed that the structural colors to be formed develop, and that they are colored as a synthesized color tone as a whole, and the present invention has been completed.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a composite material in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a resin matrix,
- the inorganic particles It is composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle size in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, and 90% or more of the total number of particles in the number-based particle size distribution of the aggregate has the predetermined average primary particle size.
- An ultrafine particle group (G-SFP) composed of inorganic particles having an average primary particle diameter of less than 100 nm
- the number of the same particle size spherical particle group contained in the inorganic particles is one or more
- the number of the spherical particle groups of the same particle size contained in the inorganic particles is a
- the spherical particle groups of the same particle size are G-PID m in the order of small average primary particle size (where m is 1 Is 1 and a is a natural number of 1 to a when a is 2 or more.)
- the average primary particle diameter of each G-PID m is different from each other by 25 nm or more
- the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particle group is smaller than the average primary particle diameter of G-PID 1 by 25 nm or more
- the composite material has a short-range ordered structure in which the arrangement structure of the inorganic spherical particles constituting all the above-described spherical particle groups having the same particle size in the resin matrix has the following conditions 1 and 2.
- R / r 0, and the radial distribution function graph showing the relationship between g (r) corresponding to r at that time, among the peaks appearing in the radial distribution function graph, the peak top of the peak closest to the origin.
- nearest distance between particles r 1 is defined as r corresponding to is 1 to 2 times the value of the average particle diameter r 0 of the entire inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material.
- the composite material is preferably made of the same particles from the viewpoint of ease of handling of the composition before curing when used as a dental material, particularly a dental restoration material, and a color tone and a contrast ratio of the cured composite material.
- the total content of the spherical particles is 10 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin matrix, and the content of the ultrafine particles is 0.1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin matrix. It is preferably from 1 part by mass to 50 parts by mass.
- the average primary particle diameter of all the spherical particles having the same particle size contained in the inorganic particles is in the range of 230 nm to 1000 nm, and the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particles is in the range of 3 nm to 75 nm.
- ⁇ n defined by the difference (n (G-PIDm) ⁇ n (MX) ) between n (MX) and n (G-PIDm) is 0. 0 for any n (G-PIDm) . It is preferably from 001 to 0.1.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a dental filling and restorative material comprising the composite material of the first aspect of the present invention.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a curable composition for producing the composite of the first aspect of the present invention, Contains a polymerizable monomer, inorganic particles, and a polymerization initiator,
- the inorganic particles It is composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle size in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, and 90% or more of the total number of particles in the number-based particle size distribution of the aggregate has the predetermined average primary particle size.
- the number of the same particle size spherical particle group contained in the inorganic particles is one or more
- the number of the spherical particle groups of the same particle size contained in the inorganic particles is a
- the spherical particle groups of the same particle size are G-PID m in the order of small average primary particle size (where m is 1 Is 1 and a is a natural number of 1 to a when a is 2 or more.)
- the average primary particle diameter of each G-PID m is different from each other by 25 nm or more
- the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particle group is smaller than the average primary particle diameter of G-PID 1 by 25 nm or more, When the refractive index at 25 ° C.
- n (MX) the refractive index at 25 ° C. of the inorganic spherical particles constituting each G-PID m is n (G-PIDm).
- At least a part of one or a plurality of the same-sized spherical particles is one kind of the same-sized spherical particles because the short-range ordered structure can be reliably obtained.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises a polymerizable monomer, inorganic particles satisfying the following conditions (i) to (iv), and a polymerization initiator, and develops a structural color having a predetermined color tone.
- a method for producing a curable composition giving a cured body Including a mixing step of mixing the polymerizable monomer, the inorganic particles, and the polymerization initiator, In the mixing step, it is confirmed that the dispersion state of the inorganic particles in the cured product obtained by curing the mixture satisfies the following conditions (I) and (II) for the mixture obtained in the step.
- This is a method for producing a curable composition in which mixing is performed by employing the above mixing conditions.
- An aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle size in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, and 90% or more of the total number of particles in the number-based particle size distribution of the aggregate is the predetermined average primary particle size. It includes a group of spherical particles of the same particle size (G-PID) existing in a range of 5% before and after the particle size, and the number of the group of spherical particles of the same particle size is one or more.
- G-PID group of spherical particles of the same particle size
- the number of the spherical particle groups of the same particle size contained in the inorganic particles is a, and the spherical particle groups of the same particle size are G-PIDm in ascending order of the average primary particle diameter (where m is a Is 1 when a is 1, and is a natural number from 1 to a when a is 2 or more.) In this case, the average primary particle diameter of each G-PIDm differs from each other by 25 nm or more. .
- the refractive index at 25 ° C. of the cured body of the polymerizable monomer was n (MX), and the refractive index at 25 ° C.
- G-PIDm Ultrafine particles (G-SFP) comprising inorganic particles having an average primary particle diameter of less than 100 nm and an average primary particle diameter smaller than the average primary particle diameter of G-PID 1 by 25 nm or more.
- a radial distribution function g (r) representing the probability that another inorganic spherical particle exists at a point at a distance r from the center of the arbitrary inorganic spherical particle is
- the radial distribution function graph showing the relationship between r / r 0 and g (r) corresponding to r at that time on the y-axis, of the peaks appearing in the radial distribution function graph, the peak closest to the origin nearest distance between particles r 1 is defined as r corresponding to the peak top is 1 to 2 times the value of the average particle diameter r 0 of the entire inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the cured product of the mixture.
- the method for determining the mixing conditions employed in the mixing step is the method (a) or (b) below.
- a curable composition having the same or substantially the same composition as the curable composition actually manufactured is mixed in advance under a plurality of mixing conditions, and the curable composition is obtained when mixed under each mixing condition.
- the curability disclosed in Patent Document 2 can be obtained.
- the same effect as the cured product of the composition can be obtained. That is, (1) the problem of discoloration with time is unlikely to occur because no dye substance or pigment substance is used, and (2) the cured product has a blue-based transparency (depending on the average particle diameter of the spherical filler used).
- the cured product has appropriate transparency Therefore, when used as a dental restoration material, it is easy to match the color of the tooth to be repaired, and it is possible to use a single type of composite resin to cover a wide range of colors without complicated shade-taking and selecting shades of composite resin. It is possible to obtain an excellent effect that the restoration tooth can be restored to an appearance close to a natural tooth.
- the dispersion state of the spherical filler capable of exhibiting the above-mentioned effects can be confirmed by electron microscopic observation, for example, the correlation between the production conditions such as kneading conditions of the raw materials and the dispersion state should be examined. Accordingly, it is possible to determine the manufacturing conditions for surely obtaining the effect, and it is possible to increase the manufacturing yield.
- each G-PID produces a structural color having a color tone corresponding to the average primary particle size. It is also possible to control the overall color tone by the combination of G-PIDs.
- inorganic spherical particles belonging to different G-PIDs can be dispersed with a short-range ordered structure that can express a structural color for each G-PID without mutual replacement. It is presumed that this is due to
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a scanning electron microscope image of an observation plane in the composite material of Example 1. It is a figure which shows an example of the coordinate data obtained from the scanning electron microscope image of FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a radial distribution function graph relating to g (r) calculated based on parameters determined from the coordinate data of FIG. 2B.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a radial distribution function graph of the composite material of Example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a radial distribution function graph of the composite material of Example 3.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing a radial distribution function graph of the composite material of Example 4.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a radial distribution function graph of the composite material of Comparative Example 2.
- the composite material of the present invention is a composite material in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a resin matrix, and has the following characteristics.
- the inorganic particles are composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle diameter in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, and 90% or more of the total number of particles in the number-based particle size distribution of the aggregate is not limited.
- G-PID spherical particles having the same particle size
- G-SFP ultrafine particles
- the number of the above-described spherical particle groups of the same particle size contained in the inorganic particles is a, and the spherical particle groups of the same particle size are G-PID m (where m is When a is 1, it is 1 and when a is 2 or more, it is a natural number from 1 to a.)
- the average primary particle diameter of each G-PID m differs from each other by 25 nm or more.
- the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particle group is smaller than the average primary particle diameter of G-PID 1 by 25 nm or more (the smallest average primary particle diameter).
- the arrangement structure of the inorganic spherical particles constituting all the above-described spherical particle groups having the same particle size in the resin matrix has a short-range ordered structure satisfying the following conditions 1 and 2.
- [Condition 1] Dimensionless dimensionality obtained by dividing the distance r from the center of any inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material by the average particle diameter r 0 of the entire inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material.
- a number (r / r 0 ) is defined as an x-axis, and a radial distribution function g (r) representing a probability that another inorganic spherical particle is present at a point distant from the center of the arbitrary inorganic spherical particle is defined as a y-axis.
- R / r and the radial distribution function graph showing the relationship between g (r) corresponding to r at that time, among the peaks appearing in the radial distribution function graph, the peak top of the peak closest to the origin.
- r corresponding to is 1 to 2 times the value of the average particle diameter r 0 of the entire inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material.
- the composite material according to the present embodiment basically belongs to the category of the cured product of the curable composition disclosed in Patent Document 2, but the inorganic spherical particles of the above-described effects can be surely obtained.
- the curable composition of Patent Document 2 includes an inorganic filler which is one of the "other additives" which is an optional component and has a particle size that does not adversely affect the above effects. This is a new feature in that it has been confirmed that a plurality of types of spherical particles having the same particle size can be contained.
- the polymerization initiator and the like used for obtaining the cured product, such as the shape, material, and refractive index of the inorganic spherical particles constituting the composition, may be the same as the curable composition of Patent Document 2.
- a short-range ordered structure is used by using “in-plane radial distribution function g (r)” disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the radial distribution function g (r) is used to determine the existence probability of another particle at a point separated by a distance r from an arbitrary particle, as can be understood from the use in Patent Document 1. Is well known as a function of and is defined by the following equation (1).
- ⁇ > represents the average particle density of the particles in the plane
- dn is the value of two circles having the center at an arbitrary particle in the plane and radii r and r + dr, respectively. It represents the number of particles present in the region between, and da represents 2 ⁇ r ⁇ dr which is the area of the region.
- the radial distribution function g (r) takes a distance r on the x-axis (distance axis), and the value of g (r) at that r on the y-axis (vertical axis) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ A radial distribution function graph with the calculation result ⁇ , or a dimensionless number normalized by dividing r by the average particle diameter of particles on the distance axis, and the y-axis (vertical axis) corresponding to the value on the x-axis
- This is represented by a radial distribution function graph (see FIGS. 3 to 7) in which the value of g (r) at r (the calculation result of the above equation) is taken.
- the determination of ⁇ >, dn, and da can be performed as follows. First, the dispersion state of the inorganic spherical particles inside the composite material is observed by, for example, preparing the composite material according to the present embodiment by curing the curable composition and polishing the surface of the obtained composite material. A possible plane (observation plane) is exposed on the surface. Next, the observation plane is observed by a scanning electron microscope, and a microscope image of a region containing at least 500 or more inorganic spherical particles in the plane is obtained. Then, the coordinates of the inorganic spherical particles in the region are obtained from the obtained scanning electron microscope image using image analysis software (for example, “Simple Digitizer ver 3.2” free software).
- image analysis software for example, “Simple Digitizer ver 3.2” free software.
- one arbitrary coordinate of the inorganic spherical particle is selected, and a circle having a radius of a distance r including at least 200 or more inorganic spherical particles around the selected inorganic spherical particle is drawn.
- the average particle density ⁇ > (unit: particles / cm 2 ) can be determined by counting the number of inorganic spherical particles contained in the particles.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic spherical particles when expressed in r 0, sets the dr whose length is a value of about r 0/100 ⁇ r 0/ 10, was selected arbitrarily 1
- Count the number of inorganic spherical particles included in a region between a circle having two inorganic spherical particles as a central particle and having a radius of a distance r from the center and a circle having a radius r + dr having the same center as the circle.
- da which is the area of the region between the two circles is determined as 2 ⁇ r ⁇ dr based on the actually set length of dr.
- the distance r from the center of any of the inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material is normalized by dividing the distance r from the average particle diameter r 0 of the entire inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material.
- a radial distribution function g (r) representing the probability that another inorganic spherical particle exists at a point at a distance r from the center of the arbitrary inorganic spherical particle is
- the radial distribution function graph showing the relationship between r / r 0 and g (r) corresponding to r at that time on the y-axis, of the peaks appearing in the radial distribution function graph, the peak closest to the origin
- the distance r 1 between the closest particles which is defined as r corresponding to the peak top, must be a value that is 1 to 2 times the average particle diameter r 0 of the whole inorganic spherical particles dispersed in the composite material ( Condition 1).
- r 1 When r 1 is less than 1 time of r 0 (r 1 / r 0 ⁇ 1), the overlap between the particles in the plane increases, and r 1 exceeds 2 times of r 0 (r 1 In the case of / r 0 > 2), no particles are present in the vicinity of the selected inorganic particles at the center, whereby short-range order is lost and structural color is not exhibited. That is, r 1 / r 0 is from 1.0 to 2.0, and preferably from 1.0 to 1.5, from the viewpoint of maintaining short-range order and easily exhibiting structural color. preferable.
- the minimum value of the radial distribution function g (r) between the tangent particle distance r 1 and the next adjacent particle distance r 2 needs to be a value of 0.56 to 1.10. (Condition 2).
- the minimum value is less than 0.56, the long-range order of the arrangement structure of the inorganic spherical particles is increased, and not only the incident angle dependence of the structural color to be developed is increased, but also the color of the composite material is increased.
- the degree of coloration becomes high, and it becomes difficult to obtain color tone compatibility when used as a dental filling material.
- the minimum value exceeds 1.10, the arrangement structure of the inorganic spherical particles becomes a random structure, making it difficult to obtain the intended reflection performance, and making it difficult to exhibit the intended structural color.
- the minimum value is a value of 0.56 to 1.10 and a value of 0.56 to 1.00 from the viewpoint of expressing a structural color and easily obtaining color compatibility as a dental filling material. It is preferred that
- the curable composition (CR) is kneaded depending on the conditions at the time of preparing the composition (CR). Is that the desired effect may not be obtained, and the radial distribution function g (r) is evaluated for a system in which such an effect is not obtained. Is not satisfied.
- the kneading conditions tend to vary as in the case of manual kneading, the kneading conditions may not be sufficient with a certain probability, and the desired color tone compatibility may not be satisfied without satisfying the conditions 1 or 2. Cannot be obtained, and the production yield decreases.
- kneading is performed under controlled conditions using a kneading machine, and defoaming treatment is added to prevent the inclusion of air bubbles in the composite material. You will surely be able to satisfy.
- the resin matrix in the composite material according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a resin in which inorganic spherical particles can be dispersed and exist.
- a resin matrix a thermoplastic resin or the like can be used.However, from the viewpoint that the dispersion state of the inorganic spherical particles can be easily controlled, the cured product of the curable composition containing a polymerizable monomer as a main component is used.
- a radical polymerizable monomer or a cationic polymerizable monomer is used as a main component. More preferably, it is a cured product of a curable composition.
- the refractive index of the cured product at 25 ° C. is from 1.40 to 1.57, particularly 1.1 , because it is easy to satisfy the condition regarding the refractive index, that is, the condition of n (MX) ⁇ n (G-PIDm) . It is more preferable that the cured product of the curable composition is 42 to 1.57.
- Examples of the radical polymerizable monomer that can be used to obtain the resin matrix include a (meth) acrylic compound. Epoxys and oxetanes can be mentioned as cationic polymerizable monomers that can be used to obtain the resin matrix. Examples of (meth) acrylic compounds that can be suitably used include those shown in the following (I) to (IV).
- Trifunctional polymerizable monomers methacrylates such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, and trimethylolmethane trimethacrylate, and acrylates corresponding to these methacrylates.
- diisocyanatomethylbenzene diisocyanatemethylcyclohexane
- isophorone diisocyanate hexamethylene diisocyanate
- trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate
- a plurality of (meth) acrylate-based polymerizable monomers may be used in combination, if necessary.
- a polymerizable monomer other than the above (meth) acrylate-based monomer may be used.
- the polymerizable monomer a plurality of types of polymerizable monomers are generally used in order to adjust the physical properties (mechanical properties and, in the case of dental use, adhesion to tooth material) of the cured product serving as a resin matrix.
- the type and amount of the polymerizable monomer (which may be a mixture) are set so that the refractive index at 25 ° C. is in the range of 1.38 to 1.55.
- the refractive index of the polymerizable monomer (which may be a mixture) in the range of 1.38 to 1.55, the refractive index of the obtained cured product becomes approximately 1 .40 to 1.57, which makes it easy to satisfy the above conditions.
- the refractive index of the polymerizable monomer or the cured product of the polymerizable monomer can be determined at 25 ° C. using an Abbe refractometer.
- the inorganic particles dispersed in the resin matrix include one or a plurality of spherical particles having the same particle diameter (G-PID) and a group of ultrafine particles (G-SFP). .
- the spherical particle group G-PID having the same particle diameter is composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles having a predetermined average primary particle diameter within a range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, and 90% of the total number of particles in the number-based particle size distribution of the aggregate. % Means at least 5% of the above-mentioned predetermined average primary particle diameter.
- the individual inorganic spherical particles constituting the aggregate are made of substantially the same substance.
- the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic spherical particles refers to a G-PID photograph taken with a scanning electron microscope, and 30 or more particles observed in a unit visual field of the photograph are selected. It means the average value of the particle diameter (maximum diameter).
- the spherical shape may be a substantially spherical shape, and need not necessarily be a perfect sphere. Take a G-PID photograph with a scanning electron microscope, measure the maximum diameter of each particle (30 or more) in the unit field of view, and divide the particle diameter in the direction orthogonal to the maximum diameter by the maximum diameter. The average degree of symmetry obtained is 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more.
- the constituent particles of the G-PID which is an aggregate of inorganic particles that are spherical and have a narrow particle size distribution (number-based particle size distribution), have a specific short-range ordered structure,
- diffraction interference occurs according to the Bragg condition, light of a specific wavelength is emphasized, and colored light having a color tone corresponding to the average primary particle diameter is generated (structural color is developed). That is, in order to exhibit a structural color, it is necessary that at least 90% (number) of the inorganic spherical particles constituting the G-PID exist in a range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter.
- the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic spherical particles constituting the G-PID is in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm. There is a need. When spherical particles having an average primary particle diameter of less than 100 nm are used, a visible light interference phenomenon does not easily occur, and a structural color does not easily develop.
- the average primary particle diameter is from 230 nm to 800 nm, a yellow to red structural color (colored light) is easily developed, and when the average primary particle diameter is from 150 nm to less than 230 nm, a blue structural color is used. (Colored light) is easily developed.
- the average primary particle size of the G-PID is preferably 230 nm to 800 nm, and more preferably 240 nm to 500 nm, because it exhibits a yellow to red structural color (colored light) which is preferable as a dental filling and restorative material. Is more preferable, and further preferably 260 nm to 350 nm.
- a G-PID having an average primary particle diameter in the range of 230 nm or more and less than 260 nm is used, the obtained colored light is yellowish, and belongs to the category B (red-yellow) in a shade guide (“VITAClassical”, manufactured by VITA).
- the present invention is particularly useful for restoring a tooth located in the cavities formed from enamel to dentin.
- the obtained colored light is reddish, and is A-type (reddish brown) in a shade guide (“VITAClassical”, manufactured by VITA). It is useful for restoring teeth in the category, especially for restoring cavities formed from enamel to dentin. Since the color of the dentin is often such a red type, in a mode using only the G-PID having an average primary particle diameter in the range of 260 nm to 350 nm, the compatibility with a wide range of restoring teeth of various colors is improved. Most preferred.
- the obtained colored light is blue, and the tooth cavity is formed from enamel to dentin.
- the color tone compatibility with the quality tends to be poor, it is useful for repairing enamel, particularly useful for repairing incised portions.
- the G-PID contained in the inorganic particles dispersed in the resin matrix may be one kind or plural kinds.
- the number a of G-PIDs contained is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.
- the inorganic spherical particles constituting each G-PID may be made of the same material or different materials.
- each G-PID is represented by G-PID m (where m is When a is 1, it is 1 and when a is 2 or more, it is a natural number from 1 to a.)
- G-PID m When the average primary particle diameter of each G-PID m is d m , each d m may each need to be different from 25nm or more from each other.
- each G-PID has a structure in which a small number of inorganic spherical particles not exceeding about 20 are dispersed in the form of an aggregate formed by agglomeration with a very low binding force. This is presumed to be due to the fact that it became possible to disperse with a short-range ordered structure capable of expressing color.
- the average primary particle diameter d m of the G-PID m is preferably to be different 30nm or more from each other, that is different than 40nm Is more preferred. That is, the difference between d m and d m ⁇ 1 is preferably 30 nm or more, and more preferably 40 nm or more. Further, the difference between d m and d m ⁇ 1 is preferably 100 nm or less, and more preferably 60 nm or less.
- each G-PID has an extremely sharp particle size distribution, and the difference in the average primary particle diameter is as described above. Therefore, the particle size distribution of each G-PID hardly overlaps, and it is possible to confirm the particle size distribution of each G-PID even when they partially overlap. That is, the particle size distribution of the inorganic particles contained in the composite material according to the present embodiment has the same number of independent peaks as the number of G-PIDs contained in the composite material in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm. Even when some of them overlap, the average primary particle size and number-based particle size distribution of each G-PID can be confirmed by performing waveform processing. The particle size distribution of the inorganic particles included in the present invention can also be confirmed by, for example, performing image processing on an electron micrograph of the inner surface of the composite material according to the present embodiment.
- the material of the inorganic spherical particles constituting the G-PID is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions for constituting the G-PID.
- materials that can be suitably used include amorphous silica, silica / titanium group element oxide-based composite oxide particles (silica / zirconia, silica / titania, etc.), quartz, alumina, barium glass, strontium glass, and lanthanum glass. , Fluoroaluminosilicate glass, ytterbium fluoride, zirconia, titania, colloidal silica, and the like.
- the silica / titanium group element oxide-based composite oxide particles mean a composite oxide of silica and a titanium group element (group 4 element of the periodic table) oxide, and depending on the content of silica.
- the refractive index at 25 ° C. can be changed in the range of about 1.45 to 1.58.
- Specific examples of the silica / titanium group element oxide-based composite oxide particles include silica / titania, silica / zirconia, silica / titania / zirconia, and the like. Among these, silica zirconia is preferred because it can provide high radiopacity.
- the content of silica is preferably 70 mol% to 95 mol% from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient X-ray opacity and adjusting the refractive index to a preferable range described below.
- the content of the titanium group element oxide is 5 mol% to 30 mol%.
- a composite of a metal oxide other than silica and a titanium group element oxide is also allowed in a small amount.
- an alkali metal oxide such as sodium oxide and lithium oxide may be contained within 10 mol%.
- the method for producing the silica / titanium group element oxide-based composite oxide particles is not particularly limited.To obtain a spherical filler, for example, a hydrolyzable organic silicon compound and a hydrolyzable organic titanium group metal compound are used.
- a sol-gel method in which the mixed solution is added to an alkaline solvent and hydrolysis is carried out to precipitate a reaction product, is suitably employed.
- the inorganic spherical particles composed of these silica / titanium group element oxide-based composite oxides may be surface-treated with a silane coupling agent.
- a silane coupling agent By the surface treatment with the silane coupling agent, when an organic-inorganic composite filler as described later is used, the organic-inorganic composite filler has excellent interface strength with the organic resin matrix.
- Representative silane coupling agents include organic silicon compounds such as ⁇ -methacryloyloxyalkyltrimethoxysilane and hexamethyldisilazane.
- the surface treatment amount of these silane coupling agents is not particularly limited, and the optimal value may be determined after previously confirming the mechanical properties and the like of the cured product of the obtained curable composition by experiments in advance. For example, it is in the range of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the inorganic spherical particles.
- the refractive index at 25 ° C. of the resin matrix is n (MX)
- the refractive index at 25 ° C. of the inorganic spherical particles constituting each G-PID m is n (G-PIDm) .
- n (MX) the refractive index at 25 ° C. of the inorganic spherical particles constituting each G-PID m
- the following formula: n (MX) ⁇ n (G-PIDm) Must be established.
- the refractive index of the polymerizable monomer (which may be a mixture) at 25 ° C. in the range of 1.38 to 1.55, the cured body serving as the resin matrix at 25 ° C.
- the refractive index (n (MX) ) can be in the range from 1.40 to 1.57.
- the silica-titanium group element oxide-based composite oxide has a refractive index (n (G-PIDm) ) at 25 ° C. of 1.45 to 1 by changing the content of silica. It can be changed in a range of about .58. Therefore, by utilizing these relationships, ⁇ n can be easily set to a suitable range.
- the ultrafine particle group (G-SFP) is an aggregate of inorganic particles having an average primary particle diameter of less than 100 nm, and is a precursor of the composite material according to the present embodiment (a material for curing to obtain a composite material).
- the composition is blended for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the curable composition to be used as the above) or the purpose of adjusting the contrast ratio of the composite material according to the present embodiment.
- the average primary particle diameter of G-SFP needs to be at least 25 nm smaller than the average primary particle diameter (d 1 ) of G-PID 1 , which has the smallest average primary particle diameter among the G-PIDs mixed with the inorganic particles. There is.
- the shape of the inorganic particles constituting the G-SFP is not particularly limited, and may be irregular or spherical.
- the lower limit of the average primary particle size is usually 2 nm.
- the average primary particle size of the G-SFP is preferably 3 nm to 75 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 50 nm, because the influence on the appearance of the structural color is small.
- the average primary particle diameter of G-SFP is preferably smaller than the average primary particle diameter (d 1 ) of G-PID 1 by 30 nm or more, more preferably 40 nm or more.
- the same materials as the inorganic spherical particles can be used without particular limitation. Further, similarly to the inorganic spherical particles, a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent can be performed.
- the preferred embodiment is basically the same as the inorganic spherical particles except for the average primary particle diameter and shape.
- the composite material according to this embodiment can be suitably manufactured by polymerizing and curing a curable composition described below.
- the mixing ratio of each component in the composite material according to the present embodiment is almost uniquely determined by the composition of the curable composition.
- the dispersion state (dispersion structure) of the inorganic spherical particles in the composite material according to the present embodiment is also such that the dispersion state (dispersion structure) of the inorganic spherical particles in the curable composition immediately before curing is substantially maintained. Seem.
- the effect is very small and does not have such an influence that the above conditions 1 and 2 are satisfied or not.
- the curable composition according to the present embodiment contains a polymerizable monomer, inorganic particles, and a polymerization initiator, and the inorganic particles include one or more spherical particles having the same particle size (G-PID), And a fine particle group (G-SFP).
- the curable composition according to the present embodiment is preferably used as a dental curable composition, particularly a dental filling and restoration material represented by a photocurable composite resin, but is not limited thereto. It can also be suitably used for dental applications. Its use includes, for example, dental cement, restorative materials for abutment construction, and the like.
- the polymerizable monomer is the same as the polymerizable monomer described as a raw material of the resin matrix of the composite material according to the present embodiment.
- the G-PID and the inorganic spherical particles constituting the same, and the G-SFP and the inorganic particles constituting the same are also the same as those described as the components of the composite material according to the present embodiment.
- the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic spherical particles constituting the G-PID is in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm.
- G-PID is preferably formed by agglomerating inorganic spherical particles to form an aggregated particle diameter, because the composite material can easily obtain the above-described short-range ordered structure.
- the average aggregated particle size of G-PID is preferably in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the average aggregated particle diameter of G-PID can be calculated by the method described in Examples described later.
- the total content of G-PID in the curable composition is usually 10 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer.
- the total content of G-PID in the curable composition is based on 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer because the obtained composite material has appropriate transparency and has a high effect of expressing a structural color. It is preferably from 50 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass, more preferably from 100 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass.
- the content of each G-PID is determined in consideration of the color tone of the structural color of each G-PID and the color tone desired in the composite material. The total content may be set as appropriate so as to fall within the above range.
- the content of G-SFP in the curable composition is appropriately determined in consideration of the viscosity of the curable composition, the contrast ratio of the composite material, and the like.
- the content of G-SFP in the curable composition is usually 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, and 0.2 to 30 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer. Is preferred.
- the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of polymerizing and curing the polymerizable monomer.
- a chemical polymerization initiator and / or a photopolymerization initiator it is preferable to use a chemical polymerization initiator and / or a photopolymerization initiator, and since there is no need for a mixing operation, a light It is more preferable to use a polymerization initiator.
- the chemical polymerization initiator is composed of two or more components, and those which generate a polymerization initiating species (radical) when these components come into contact with each other can be used without particular limitation.
- Examples of the chemical polymerization initiator include organic peroxides / amines, organic peroxides / amines / organic sulfinic acids, organic peroxides / amines / arylborates, arylborates / acidic compounds, barbiturates
- Examples include various combinations of acid derivatives / copper compounds / halogen compounds. Among these, those composed of organic peroxides / amines are preferred from the viewpoint of easy handling.
- organic peroxide examples include known hydroperoxides, peroxyketals, ketone peroxides, alkylsilyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peroxyesters, and the like.
- the chemical polymerization initiator composed of organic peroxides / amines further contains sulfinic acids such as benzenesulfinic acid, p-toluenesulfinic acid and salts thereof, and barbituric acids such as 5-butyl barbituric acid. May be.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include benzoin alkyl ethers such as benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether and benzoin isopropyl ether; benzyl ketals such as benzyl dimethyl ketal and benzyl diethyl ketal; benzophenone, 4,4′-dimethylbenzophenone, Benzophenones such as methacryloxybenzophenone; ⁇ -diketones such as diacetyl, 2,3-pentadionebenzyl, camphorquinone, 9,10-phenanthraquinone and 9,10-anthraquinone; 2,4-diethoxythioxane Thioxanthone compounds such as bis- (2-chlorothioxanthone) and methylthioxanthone; bis- (2,6-dichlorobenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide, bis- (2,6-dichlorobenzo
- a reducing agent is often added to the photopolymerization initiator, and examples thereof include tertiary amines such as 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, and N-methyldiethanolamine.
- tertiary amines such as 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, and N-methyldiethanolamine.
- Aldehydes such as lauraldehyde, dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and terephthalaldehyde; and sulfur-containing compounds such as 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 1-decanethiol, thiosalicylic acid and thiobenzoic acid.
- a photoacid generator is used in addition to the photopolymerization initiator and the reducing agent.
- a photoacid generator include a diaryliodonium salt-based compound, a sulfonium salt-based compound, a sulfonic ester compound, a halomethyl-substituted-S-triazine derivative, and a pyridinium salt-based compound.
- the compounding amount of the polymerization initiator may be selected in an effective amount according to the purpose, but is usually 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer. It is used in a proportion of 0.1 to 5 parts by mass.
- the curable composition according to the present embodiment has at least a part of one or more spherical particle groups having the same particle diameter, because the above-described short-range ordered structure can be obtained more easily and reliably.
- the filler is blended as an organic-inorganic composite filler that does not contain a group of spherical particles having the same particle size other than the group of spherical particles having the same particle size (ie, an organic-inorganic composite filler that contains only a single G-PID).
- the organic-inorganic composite filler is a powder composed of a composite in which an inorganic filler is dispersed in an (organic) resin matrix, or an aggregate in which primary particles of an inorganic filler are bound together by an (organic) resin. Filler.
- the preferred embodiment described above includes, for example, when three types of G-IDPs having different average primary particle diameters, that is, G-PID 1 , G-PID 2 , and G-PID 3 , are all or one of at least one of them.
- the part is to be compounded as “organic-inorganic composite filler containing only a single G-PID”.
- G-PID 1 organic containing only G-PID 1 - when incorporated into the curable composition as an inorganic composite filler (complex filler 1) has, within the composite filler 1, G-PID 1 only Since a short-range ordered structure that expresses the structural color of G-PID 1 is realized without being included, the structure of G-PID 1 is ensured even in a composite material obtained by curing a curable composition. Color develops.
- G-PID 1 is blended without forming a composite filler, it is kneaded with G-PID 2 and G-PID 3 blended simultaneously (without being composited).
- the constituent particles of PID 1 and the constituent particles of G-PID 3 are replaced with each other, and the closest particles of the inorganic spherical particles forming the G-PID 1 become the inorganic particles forming the G-PID 3, and the inorganic spherical particles are formed. In the region centered on the particle, it is considered that the short-range ordered structure will be destroyed. On the other hand, when all of G-PID 1 is blended as the composite filler 1, the above-mentioned mutual replacement of the particles does not occur, and the short-range ordered structure is not destroyed.
- the ratio of the inorganic spherical particles not to be used can be reduced as much as possible, and the structural color of G-PID 1 can be surely exhibited even in the cured composite material.
- the viscosity of the curable composition can be easily adjusted, 10% to 90%, preferably 20% to 80%, more preferably 30% to 70% of each G-PID. Is preferably blended as an “organic-inorganic composite filler containing only a single G-PID”.
- the powder (G-PID itself as an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles) is used. It is generally blended, but it is also possible to blend as an organic-inorganic composite filler containing a plurality of types of G-PID.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler including this case will be described in detail.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler is a powder composed of a composite in which an inorganic filler is dispersed in an (organic) resin matrix, or a coagulation in which primary particles of an inorganic filler are bound with an (organic) resin. It means a filler composed of aggregates.
- inorganic spherical particles are used as the inorganic filler, and the resin constituting the (organic) resin matrix has a refractive index at 25 ° C. of 25 of the inorganic spherical particles.
- a resin smaller than the refractive index at ° C is used.
- the resin is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies such conditions, but is preferably a cured product of a polymerizable monomer used when producing a resin matrix of a composite material.
- any of the organic-inorganic composite fillers has the following formula: n (R) ⁇ n (F) Must be established.
- ⁇ n ( n (F) ⁇ n (R) ), which is the difference between n (F) and n (R) , is preferably 0.001 to 0.01, and 0.001 to 0.005. More preferably, there is.
- the amount of the inorganic spherical particles mixed with the organic-inorganic composite filler is preferably 30% by mass to 95% by mass.
- the compounding amount in the organic-inorganic composite filler is 30% by mass or more, colored light of the cured product of the curable composition can be favorably expressed, and the mechanical strength can be sufficiently increased.
- a more preferable blending amount of the inorganic spherical particles with the organic-inorganic composite filler is 40% by mass to 90% by mass.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler is a general method in which a predetermined amount of each component of inorganic spherical particles, a polymerizable monomer, and a polymerization initiator is mixed, polymerized by a method such as heating or light irradiation, and then pulverized. It can be manufactured according to a simple manufacturing method. According to such a production method, an amorphous organic-inorganic composite filler composed of a composite in which inorganic spherical particles are dispersed in a resin matrix can be obtained.
- an aggregated particle composed of an aggregate of inorganic spherical particles is formed using a polymerizable monomer, a polymerization initiator, and an organic compound. After immersion in a liquid composition containing a solvent, the organic solvent can be removed, and the polymerizable monomer can be polymerized and cured by a method such as heating or light irradiation.
- the resin covers at least a part of the surface of each primary particle, and binds each primary particle to each other, A porous organic-inorganic composite filler having many communicating fine pores can be obtained.
- the average particle size of the organic-inorganic composite filler is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of improving the mechanical strength of the composite material and the operability of the curable composition. It is more preferably from 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and still more preferably from 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler has a pigment, a polymerization inhibitor, a fluorescent agent, and the like within a range that does not impair the effect (usually, a range of 0.0001 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organic-inorganic composite filler).
- a brightener and the like can be added.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler may be subjected to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent or the like.
- the compounding amount of the organic-inorganic composite filler in the curable composition is determined in consideration of the compounding amount of the spherical particles having the same particle size and not formed into the organic-inorganic composite filler contained in the curable composition.
- the total amount (that is, the total amount of the inorganic spherical particles) may be determined by converting from the amount of the inorganic spherical particles contained in the organic-inorganic composite filler so that the total amount is within the above range.
- the curable composition according to the present embodiment may include other additives such as a polymerization inhibitor and an ultraviolet absorber as long as the effect is not impaired.
- the composite material obtained from the curable composition according to the present embodiment exhibits a structural color without using a coloring substance such as a pigment. Therefore, it is not necessary to mix the pigment which may be discolored with the passage of time into the curable composition according to the present embodiment. However, the blending of the pigment itself is not denied, and a pigment that does not hinder the colored light due to interference of the spherical filler may be blended. Specifically, if the pigment is about 0.0005 to 0.5 parts by mass, preferably about 0.001 to 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer, it is blended. It does not matter.
- the method for producing the curable composition according to the present embodiment is a method for producing the curable composition according to the above-described embodiment, and includes mixing a polymerizable monomer, inorganic particles, and a polymerization initiator. Process. In the mixing step, the required amounts of the polymerizable monomer, the inorganic particles, and the polymerization initiator are weighed and mixed. The method of weighing and mixing each component at this time is not particularly limited. Regarding the mixing method, it is preferable to use a kneading device such as a planetary stirrer or the like, because the mixing state of the curable composition is uniform in a short time and scale-up production is easy.
- a kneading device such as a planetary stirrer or the like
- the mixing step for the mixture obtained in the step, it was confirmed that the dispersion state of the inorganic particles in the cured product obtained by curing the mixture satisfied the above-described conditions (I) and (II). It is necessary to carry out mixing by adopting mixing conditions.
- the conditions (I) and (II) that the cured product of the mixture should satisfy the term “composite material” in the conditions 1 and 2 that the composite material should satisfy was replaced with “the cured product of the mixture”. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the following method (a) or (b) is preferable.
- a curable composition having the same or substantially the same composition as the curable composition actually manufactured is mixed in advance under a plurality of mixing conditions, and the curable composition is obtained when mixed under each mixing condition.
- the mixing condition satisfying the conditions (I) and (II) is determined by examining the radial distribution function g (r) in the cured product of the mixture obtained, and the same mixing condition as the determined mixing condition is adopted.
- Method. Part of the mixture obtained during and / or after the mixing step is sampled, and the dispersed state of the inorganic particles in the cured product of the sampled mixture satisfies the conditions (I) and (II). Or not, and continue mixing until these conditions are satisfied.
- satisfying the condition (I) means that the inorganic spherical particles are dispersed while maintaining a certain short-range order
- satisfying the condition (II) means that the inorganic spherical particles are In a state where the long-range order is random while maintaining the short-range order (not a completely random state in which the short-range order is collapsed, but a state in which fine domains having the short-range order are randomly dispersed) It means dispersed.
- the inorganic spherical particles are mixed as an organic-inorganic composite filler having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, or a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably It is preferable to mix them as aggregated particles of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. Further, if bubbles are mixed during mixing, it is not only difficult to satisfy the above conditions, but also a defect of the composite material, such as by performing a defoaming treatment, so that at least after mixing, bubbles do not remain. Is preferred.
- the defoaming method it is preferable to adopt a method of defoaming under reduced pressure, since air bubbles can be removed in a short time even from a composition having a high viscosity. Further, it is preferable to mix them so that the total amount of the spherical particles having the same particle diameter is 50 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass, preferably 100 parts by mass to 1500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer.
- the above conditions are satisfied if sufficient stirring is performed, but even if it is visually determined that a uniform state is obtained, From the viewpoint of satisfying the above conditions, the stirring may be insufficient, and it is difficult to determine the end point. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the mixing step from the end point determined by the method (a) or (b) or while determining the end point.
- the mixing conditions can be determined as follows. First, a kneading method using a planetary stirrer (planetary mixer) is adopted as a mixing method, and each raw material is mixed with an actually used apparatus so as to have the same composition as the curable composition actually manufactured. Simulated kneading is performed a plurality of times with the materials charged, and various conditions such as a rotation speed, a kneading time, and a debinding condition after kneading are respectively changed. Then, the radial distribution function g (r) of the mixture obtained by the simulated kneading is examined to determine a mixing condition that gives a cured body satisfying the above conditions (I) and (II).
- the desired curable composition can be reliably produced only by setting the predetermined kneading conditions, so that the same (the same composition and the same amount) is used.
- the curable composition it is not necessary to change the conditions every time, and the work efficiency can be improved in that excess kneading (unnecessary long-time kneading) can be prevented.
- the mixing conditions can be determined as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
- a polymerizable monomer, inorganic particles, and a polymerization initiator, which are raw materials, are charged into a kneading apparatus (step S10), and kneading is performed (step S11).
- a part of the mixture obtained during and / or after the mixing is sampled, and a radial distribution function g (r) of the cured body of the sampled mixture is examined (step S12).
- step S13 it is determined whether or not the dispersion state of the inorganic particles in the cured product satisfies the conditions (I) and (II), that is, whether or not the dispersion state is sufficient (step S13). If so, the entire amount is collected (step S14), and if the dispersion state is insufficient, kneading is continued.
- the method (b) can be said to be a particularly preferable method for producing a curable composition having a different composition and amount each time.
- Polymerizable monomers M1 and M2 which are polymerizable monomer mixtures having the compositions shown in Table 1, were used as the polymerizable monomers.
- the abbreviations in the polymerizable monomer column in the table represent the following compounds, respectively, and the numbers in parentheses represent the used parts by mass.
- UDMA 1,6-bis (methacrylethyloxycarbonylamino) trimethylhexane
- 3G triethylene glycol dimethacrylate bis-GMA: 2,2-bis [(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyloxy) phenyl] propane
- the refractive index before curing (M1 or M2) and the refractive index after curing (cured body) were measured in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.).
- the cured product sample contained 0.2% by mass of camphorquinone (CQ) and 0.2% of p-N, N-dimethylaminobenzoate (DMBE) as a photopolymerization initiator with respect to 100 parts by mass of M1 or M2, respectively.
- halogen dental irradiator amount of light 500 mW / cm 2 (Saiburon Co., "Demetron LC") after irradiation for 30 seconds light cured with were prepared by taking out from the mold.
- a solvent bromonaphthalene
- a solvent bromonaphthalene that does not dissolve and has a higher refractive index than the sample is used for the purpose of bringing the cured product sample into close contact with the measurement surface. It was dropped on the sample.
- Inorganic particles 2-1 Spherical particles of the same particle size (G-PID) As G-PIDs, G-PID1 to G-PID11 shown in Table 2 were used. These spherical particles having the same particle size were prepared according to the method described in JP-A-58-110414 and JP-A-58-156524 (the so-called sol-gel method). Specifically, first, first, a hydrolyzable organic silicon compound (eg, tetraethyl silicate) and a hydrolyzable organic titanium group metal compound (eg, tetrabutyl zirconate, tetrabutyl titanate) are shown in the composition column of Table 2.
- a hydrolyzable organic silicon compound eg, tetraethyl silicate
- a hydrolyzable organic titanium group metal compound eg, tetrabutyl zirconate, tetrabutyl titanate
- a mixed solution containing such a composition is added to an ammoniacal alcohol (for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, etc.) solution into which ammonia water has been introduced, and the reaction product is hydrolyzed to obtain a reaction product.
- an ammoniacal alcohol for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, etc.
- the reaction product is hydrolyzed to obtain a reaction product.
- the precipitate was separated, dried, crushed if necessary, and fired to obtain a fired product.
- 4 parts by mass of ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3 parts by mass of n-propylamine were stirred and mixed in 500 parts by mass of methylene chloride with respect to 100 parts by mass of the obtained calcined product, and methylene chloride was removed with an evaporator. After the removal, heating and drying were performed at 90 ° C. to obtain a
- Average primary particle diameter A photograph of the powder was taken with a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by Philips, "XL-30S") at a magnification of 5,000 to 100,000 times, and image analysis software (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Engineering Co., Ltd.) Using IP-1000PC "), the photographed image is processed, and the number of particles (30 or more) and the primary particle diameter (maximum diameter) observed in a unit field of view of the photograph are measured. Based on the following formula, the average primary particle diameter was calculated based on the following formula.
- Average particle size abundance ratio (%) [(number of particles in the particle diameter range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter in the unit visual field of the scanning electron micrograph) / (unit visual field of the scanning electron micrograph) Total number of particles in the composition)] ⁇ 100 It calculated according to.
- Refractive index Measured by a liquid immersion method using an Abbe refractometer manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.
- a spherical particle group (G-PID) having the same particle size was dispersed in 50 mL of anhydrous toluene in a 100 mL sample bottle. While stirring the dispersion with a stirrer, 1-bromotoluene was added dropwise little by little, and the refractive index of the dispersion at the time when the dispersion became most transparent was measured.
- G-PID spherical particle group
- Organic-inorganic composite filler 100 g of spherical particles having the same particle size (G-PID5) shown in Table 2 was added to 200 g of water, and an aqueous dispersion of these was obtained using a circulating mill SC Mill (manufactured by Nippon Coke Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the rotation speed of the disk was 10,000 rpm, and the temperature of the dry atmosphere air was 200 ° C. Thereafter, the powder obtained by granulation by spray drying was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 18 hours to obtain 73 g of a substantially spherical aggregate.
- the above mixture was transferred to a rotary evaporator. Under stirring, the mixture was dried for 1 hour under the conditions of a reduced pressure of 10 hPa and heating conditions of 40 ° C. (using a hot water bath) to remove the organic solvent. When the organic solvent was removed, a powder having high fluidity was obtained.
- the polymerizable monomer in the powder is polymerized and cured by heating the obtained powder for 1 hour under the conditions of a reduced pressure of 10 hPa and a heating condition of 100 ° C. (using an oil bath) while stirring with a rotary evaporator. I let it.
- G-SFP Ultrafine particles
- Leolosil QS-102 Average primary particle diameter 30 nm, manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation
- Amorphous inorganic particles The amorphous inorganic particles F1 shown in Table 2 were used.
- the amorphous inorganic particles F1 were partially hydrolyzed by dissolving an alkoxysilane compound in an organic solvent and adding water thereto according to the methods described in JP-A-2-132102, JP-A-3-197311, and the like. Thereafter, an alkoxide of another metal and an alkali metal compound to be further complexed are added and hydrolyzed to form a gel, and then the gel is dried, ground if necessary, and calcined. Prepared.
- the average primary particle size for amorphous inorganic particles, it means the average particle size of the crushed particles), the abundance ratio of the average particle size, and the refractive index were measured in the same manner as in G-PID.
- Polymerization initiator As the polymerization initiator, a photopolymerization initiator comprising a combination of camphorquinone (CQ), ethyl pN, N-dimethylaminobenzoate (DMBE), and hydroquinone monomethyl ether (HQME) was used.
- CQ camphorquinone
- DMBE ethyl pN
- HQME hydroquinone monomethyl ether
- the curable composition of Reference Example 1 was produced. Specifically, 4.8 g of CQ, 16.0 g of DMBE, and 2.4 g of HQME were added to 1600 g of the polymerizable monomer mixture M1, and mixed to obtain a uniform polymerizable monomer composition. was prepared. Next, 6400 g of G-PID was weighed out and the polymerizable monomer composition was gradually added under red light, and a planetary mixer with a stirring vessel having a capacity of 15 L ((( (Manufactured by Inoue Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) for 2 hours at a rotation speed of the stirring blade of 7 to 10 rpm.
- the kneading was once stopped, and 5.0 g of the mixture was sampled.
- This sample was subjected to a vacuum degassing treatment at a pressure of 1000 Pa for 5 minutes, and was cured by irradiating it with a visible light irradiator (Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation) for 30 seconds.
- a visible light irradiator Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation
- the first maximum peak of the radial distribution function g (r) is observed at (r 1 / r 0 is 0.88), and the radial distribution function g (r) of the radial distribution function g (r) between the next adjacent particle distance r 2 is observed.
- the minimum value was 0.32, which did not satisfy the conditions 1 and 2 of the radial distribution function.
- sampling was performed to examine the radial distribution function g (r) of the cured product, and the distance r 1 between the closest particles was 1.03 times the particle diameter r 0 .
- Example 1 To 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer mixture M, 0.3 parts by mass of CQ, 1.0 parts by mass of DMBE, and 0.15 parts by mass of HQME were added and mixed. A monomer composition was prepared. Next, 400 parts by mass of G-PID4 and 0.5 parts by mass of ultrafine particles (G-SFP) were weighed out, and the polymerizable monomer composition was gradually added under red light. The mixture was sufficiently kneaded using a kneader planetary mixer (manufactured by Inoue Seisakusho) to obtain a uniform curable paste. Further, this paste was defoamed under reduced pressure to remove air bubbles, thereby producing a curable composition.
- G-PID4 ultrafine particles
- FIG. 2A shows an example of a scanning electron microscope image of an observation plane in the cured body (composite material) of Example 1
- FIG. 2B shows an example of coordinate data obtained from the scanning electron microscope image.
- Example 3 shows a radial distribution function graph relating to g (r) calculated based on parameters determined from the coordinate data.
- Example 1 it was possible to obtain a uniform composition satisfying the conditions 1 and 2 of the radial distribution function with good reproducibility at a rate of 10 times out of 10 times.
- each said evaluation and measurement were performed by the method shown below.
- the curable composition (paste) was placed in a mold having a through hole of 7 mm ⁇ ⁇ 1 mm, and a polyester film was pressed against both sides. After irradiating both sides for 30 seconds with a visible light irradiator (manufactured by Tokuyama Co., Ltd., power light) for 30 seconds to cure, the sample was removed from the mold to prepare an evaluation sample. The obtained evaluation sample was placed on an adhesive surface of a black tape (carbon tape) of about 10 mm square, and the color tone of the colored light was visually confirmed.
- a black tape carbon tape
- High-saturation hard resin teeth (equivalent to B4) and low-saturation hard resin teeth in the category B (red-yellow) in teeth (equivalent to A1) and shade guides (“VITAClassical”, manufactured by VITA) (Equivalent to B1) was used.
- the hard resin tooth is set on a two-dimensional colorimeter, the hard resin tooth is photographed, and the photographed image is processed using image analysis software (“RC Series Image Viewer” manufactured by Papalabo Co., Ltd.).
- the color difference ( ⁇ E * in CIELab) of the colorimetric values of the restoration part and the non-restoration part of the tooth was determined, and the color tone compatibility was evaluated.
- the cured product was subjected to section milling at 2 kV for 20 minutes using an ion milling apparatus (“IM4000” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) to obtain an observation plane.
- IM4000 ion milling apparatus
- a microscope image of a region containing 1000 spherical particles in the plane is acquired by a scanning electron microscope, and the obtained scanning electron microscope image is image-analyzed software (“Simple Digitizer ver 3.2”). Using free software), the coordinates of the spherical particles in the above area were determined.
- One coordinate of an arbitrary spherical particle is selected from the obtained coordinate data, and a circle having a radius of a distance r including at least 200 or more spherical particles around the selected spherical particle is drawn and included in the circle.
- the number of spherical particles was determined, and the average particle density ⁇ > (unit: particles / cm 2 ) was calculated.
- dr is, r 0/100 ⁇ r 0 /10 (r 0 is. shows the average particle diameter of the spherical particles) is the value of the order, between the circle of the circle and the distance r + dr distance r from the spherical particles of the center
- the number dn of particles contained in the region and the area da of the region were determined.
- Examples 2 to 4 A cured body (composite material) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the cured body (composite material) was changed as shown in Table 3.
- the composition of the cured body (composite material) was changed as shown in Table 3.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 show radial distribution function graphs of the cured products (composite materials) of Examples 2 to 4. Also in Examples 2 to 4, a uniform composition satisfying the conditions 1 and 2 of the radial distribution function was obtained with good reproducibility at a rate of 10 out of 10 times.
- Example 2 About the cured body (composite material) of the obtained curable composition, in the same manner as in Example 1, (1) visual evaluation of colored light, (2) wavelength measurement of colored light, and (3) color tone with a colorimeter Evaluation of compatibility, (4) evaluation of color tone compatibility by visual observation, and (5) evaluation of radial distribution function of inorganic spherical particles were performed.
- Tables 3 to 5 show the composition of the cured product (composite material) (the matrix column describes a polymerizable monomer mixture that provides a resin serving as a matrix) and evaluation results.
- FIG. 7 shows a radial distribution function graph of the cured product (composite material) of Comparative Example 2. In Comparative Example 2, good evaluation could not be obtained at a rate of 1 out of 5 times. The evaluation results shown in the table are for this system.
- the cured curable composition shows colored light on a black background, and has good color tone compatibility. You can see that.
- the cured product (composite material) obtained in Example 1 has a closest particle distance r 1 of 1.03 of the particle diameter r 0 .
- the first maximum peak of the radial distribution function g (r) is observed at the position where the ratio becomes twice (r 1 / r 0 is 1.03), and the radial distribution function g between the next neighboring particle distance r 2 is observed. It was confirmed that the minimum value of (r) was 0.60, and that it had the short-range ordered structure in the present invention.
- the position (r 1 ) where the closest particle distance r 1 is 1.24 times the particle diameter r 0. / R 0 is 1.24 the first maximum peak of the radial distribution function g (r) is observed, and the minimum value of the radial distribution function g (r) between the next adjacent particle distance r 2 is It was confirmed to be 0.62, and it was confirmed to have the short-range ordered structure in the present invention.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
上記無機粒子は、
100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が上記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、
平均一次粒子径が100nm未満の無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)と、を含んでなり、
上記無機粒子に含まれる上記同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数であり、
上記無機粒子に含まれる上記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっており、
上記超微細粒子群の平均一次粒子径は、G-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さく、
上記樹脂マトリックスの25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立ち、
上記樹脂マトリックス中における全ての上記同一粒径球状粒子群を構成する無機球状粒子の配列構造が下記条件1及び条件2を満足する短距離秩序構造を有している複合材料である。
[条件1] 上記複合材料中に分散する任意の無機球状粒子の中心からの距離rを、上記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0で除して規格化した無次元数(r/r0)をx軸とし、上記任意の無機球状粒子の中心から距離r離れた地点において他の無機球状粒子が存在する確率を表す動径分布関数g(r)をy軸として、r/r0とそのときのrに対応するg(r)との関係を表した動径分布関数グラフにおいて、当該動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から最も近いピークのピークトップに対応するrとして定義される最近接粒子間距離r1が、上記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0の1倍~2倍の値である。
[条件2] 上記動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から2番目に近いピークのピークトップに対応するrを次近接粒子間距離r2としたときに、上記最近接粒子間距離r1と上記次近接粒子間距離r2との間における上記動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.56~1.10の値である。
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
により計算されるものであることが好ましい。
重合性単量体、無機粒子、及び重合開始剤を含有し、
上記無機粒子は、
100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が上記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、
平均一次粒子径が100nm未満の無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)と、を含んでなり、
上記無機粒子に含まれる上記同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数であり、
上記無機粒子に含まれる上記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっており、
上記超微細粒子群の平均一次粒子径は、G-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さく、
上記重合性単量体の硬化体の25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立つ硬化性組成物である。
上記重合性単量体、上記無機粒子、及び上記重合開始剤を混合する混合工程を含み、
上記混合工程では、当該工程で得られる混合物について、当該混合物を硬化させて得られる硬化体中における上記無機粒子の分散状態が、下記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足することが確認された混合条件を採用して混合を行う硬化性組成物の製造方法である。
〔無機粒子が満足すべき条件〕
(i) 100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が上記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)を含み、当該同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数である。
(ii) 上記無機粒子に含まれる上記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aまでの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっている。
(iii) 上記重合性単量体の硬化体の25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立つ。
(iv) 平均一次粒子径が100nm未満で且つG-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さい平均一次粒子径を有する無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)を含む。
〔分散状態が満足すべき条件〕
(I) 上記混合物の硬化体中に分散する任意の無機球状粒子の中心からの距離rを、上記混合物の硬化体中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0で除して規格化した無次元数(r/r0)をx軸とし、上記任意の無機球状粒子の中心から距離r離れた地点において他の無機球状粒子が存在する確率を表す動径分布関数g(r)をy軸として、r/r0とそのときのrに対応するg(r)との関係を表した動径分布関数グラフにおいて、当該動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から最も近いピークのピークトップに対応するrとして定義される最近接粒子間距離r1が、上記混合物の硬化体中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0の1倍~2倍の値である。
(II) 上記動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から2番目に近いピークのピークトップに対応するrを次近接粒子間距離r2としたときに、上記最近接粒子間距離r1と上記次近接粒子間距離r2との間における上記動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.56~1.10の値である。
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
により計算されるものであることが好ましい。
(a)予め、実際に製造する硬化性組成物と同一又は実質的に同一の組成を有する硬化性組成物について混合条件を複数変化させて混合を行い、各混合条件で混合したときに得られた混合物の硬化体における上記動径分布関数g(r)を調べることにより、上記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足する混合条件を決定し、決定された混合条件と同一の混合条件を採用する方法。
(b)上記混合工程の途中及び/又は終了後に得られた混合物の一部をサンプリングし、サンプリングされた混合物の硬化体中における上記無機粒子の分散状態が上記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足するか否かを確認し、これら条件を満足するまで混合を継続する方法。
本発明の複合材料は、樹脂マトリックス中に無機粒子が分散してなる複合材料であって、次の特徴を有する。
[条件1] 上記複合材料中に分散する任意の無機球状粒子の中心からの距離rを、上記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0で除して規格化した無次元数(r/r0)をx軸とし、上記任意の無機球状粒子の中心から距離r離れた地点において他の無機球状粒子が存在する確率を表す動径分布関数g(r)をy軸として、r/r0とそのときのrに対応するg(r)との関係を表した動径分布関数グラフにおいて、当該動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から最も近いピークのピークトップに対応するrとして定義される最近接粒子間距離r1が、上記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0の1倍~2倍の値である。
[条件2] 上記動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から2番目に近いピークのピークトップに対応するrを次近接粒子間距離r2としたときに、上記最近接粒子間距離r1と上記次近接粒子間距離r2との間における上記動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.56~1.10の値である。
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
なお、上記式(1)において、<ρ>は、平面内の粒子の平均粒子密度を表し、dnは、平面内の任意の粒子を中心とし、半径がそれぞれr及びr+drである2つの円の間の領域の中に存在する粒子の数を表し、daは、上記領域の面積である2πr・drを表す。
本実施形態に係る複合材料における樹脂マトリックスは、無機球状粒子を分散して存在させることができる樹脂からなるものであれば特に限定されない。樹脂マトリックスとしては、熱可塑性樹脂等も使用可能であるが、無機球状粒子の分散状態の制御が容易であるという理由から、重合性単量体を主成分とする硬化性組成物の硬化体からなることが好ましい。さらに、歯科用充填修復材料として使用する際の取り扱い易さや物性(機械的特性、及び歯科用途では歯質に対する接着性)から、ラジカル重合性単量体或いはカチオン重合性単量体を主成分とする硬化性組成物の硬化体であることがより好ましい。また、屈折率に関する条件、すなわちn(MX)<n(G-PIDm)の条件を満足させ易いという理由から、25℃における硬化体の屈折率が1.40~1.57、特には1.42~1.57となるような硬化性組成物の硬化体であることがさらに好ましい。
樹脂マトリックスを得るために使用できるラジカル重合性単量体としては、(メタ)アクリル化合物を挙げることができる。また、樹脂マトリックスを得るために使用できるカチオン重合性単量体としては、エポキシ類及びオキセタン類を挙げることができる。好適に使用できる(メタ)アクリル化合物を例示すれば、下記(I)~(IV)に示されるものが挙げられる。
(I-i)酸性基や水酸基を有しないもの
メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシートリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボロニル(メタ)アクリレート、トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(メタ)アクリル酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイルグリシン、N-(メタ)アクリロイルアスパラギン酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-5-アミノサリチル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルハイドロジェンサクシネート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルハイドロジェンフタレート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルハイドロジェンマレート、6-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルナフタレン-1,2,6-トリカルボン酸、O-(メタ)アクリロイルチロシン、N-(メタ)アクリロイルチロシン、N-(メタ)アクリロイルフェニルアラニン、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-p-アミノ安息香酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-o-アミノ安息香酸、p-ビニル安息香酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ安息香酸、3-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ安息香酸、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ安息香酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-5-アミノサリチル酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-4-アミノサリチル酸、及びこれらの化合物のカルボキシ基を酸無水物基化した化合物;11-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシウンデカン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、10-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシデカン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、12-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシドデカン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、6-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキサン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル-3’-メタクリロイルオキシ-2’-(3,4-ジカルボキシベンゾイルオキシ)プロピルサクシネート、4-(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル)トリメリテートアンハイドライド、4-(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル)トリメリテート、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメリテート、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシブチルトリメリテート、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキシルトリメリテート、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシデシルトリメリテート、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシブチルトリメリテート、6-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルナフタレン-1,2,6-トリカルボン酸無水物、6-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルナフタレン-2,3,6-トリカルボン酸無水物、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルカルボニルプロピオノイル-1,8-ナフタル酸無水物、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルナフタレン-1,8-トリカルボン酸無水物、9-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシノナン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、13-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシトリデカン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、11-(メタ)アクリルアミドウンデカン-1,1-ジカルボン酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルジハイドロジェンフォスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルハイドロジェンフォスフェート、10-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシデシルジハイドロジェンフォスフェート、6-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキシルジハイドロジェンフォスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル-2-ブロモエチルハイドロジェンフォスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリルアミドエチルジハイドロジェンフォスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸、10-スルホデシル(メタ)アクリレート、3-(メタ)アクリロキシプロピル-3-ホスホノプロピオネート、3-(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルホスホノアセテート、4-(メタ)アクリロキシブチル-3-ホスホノプロピオネート、4-(メタ)アクリロキシブチルホスホノアセテート、5-(メタ)アクリロキシペンチル-3-ホスホノプロピオネート、5-(メタ)アクリロキシペンチルホスホノアセテート、6-(メタ)アクリロキシヘキシル-3-ホスホノプロピオネート、6-(メタ)アクリロキシヘキシルホスホノアセテート、10-(メタ)アクリロキシデシル-3-ホスホノプロピオネート、10-(メタ)アクリロキシデシルホスホノアセテート、2-(メタ)アクリロキシエチル-フェニルホスホネート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルホスホン酸、10-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシデシルホスホン酸、N-(メタ)アクリロイル-ω-アミノプロピルホスホン酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルハイドロジェンホスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル2’-ブロモエチルハイドロジェンホスフェート、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルホスホネート等。
2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、3-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、6-ヒドロキシヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、10-ヒドロキシデシル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、エリスリトールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N、N-(ジヒドロキシエチル)(メタ)アクリルアミド等。
(II-i)芳香族化合物系のもの
2,2-ビス(メタクリロイルオキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス[(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル]プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシポリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシジエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシテトラエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシペンタエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシジプロポキシフェニル)プロパン、2(4-メタクリロイルオキシジエトキシフェニル)-2(4-メタクリロイルオキシトリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2(4-メタクリロイルオキシジプロポキシフェニル)-2-(4-メタクリロイルオキシトリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシプロポキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシイソプロポキシフェニル)プロパン、及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレート;2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、3-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等のメタクリレート又はこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレートのような-OH基を有するビニルモノマーと、ジイソシアネートメチルベンゼン、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートのような芳香族基を有するジイソシアネート化合物との付加から得られるジアダクト;ジ(メタクリルロキシエチル)ジフェニルメタンジウレタンなど。
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、1,3-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジメタクリレート、及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレート;1,6-ビス(メタクリルエチルオキシカルボニルアミノ)トリメチルヘキサン等の、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、3-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等のメタクリレート又はこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレートのような-OH基を有するビニルモノマーと、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ジイソシアネートメチルシクロヘキサン、イソフォロンジイソシアネート、メチレンビス(4-シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)のようなジイソシアネート化合物との付加体から得られるジアダクト;1,2-ビス(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)エチルなど。
トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリメタクリレート、トリメチロールメタントリメタクリレート等のメタクリレート、及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレート等。
ペンタエリスリトールテトラメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート;ジイソシアネートメチルベンゼン、ジイソシアネートメチルシクロヘキサン、イソフォロンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、メチレンビス(4-シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、トリレン-2,4-ジイソシアネート等のジイソシアネート化合物とグリシドールジメタクリレートとの付加体から得られるジアダクト等。
本実施形態に係る複合材料において樹脂マトリックス中に分散する無機粒子は、1又は複数の同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、超微細粒子群(G-SFP)と、を含んでなる。
同一粒径球状粒子群G-PIDは、100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が上記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する、上記集合体を意味する。当該集合体を構成する個々の無機球状粒子は、実質的に同一の物質からなる。
G-PIDを構成する無機球状粒子としては、G-PIDを構成するための上記条件を満足するものであれば、その材質は特に限定されない。好適に使用できる材質を例示すれば、非晶質シリカ、シリカ・チタン族元素酸化物系複合酸化物粒子(シリカ・ジルコニア、シリカ・チタニア等)、石英、アルミナ、バリウムガラス、ストロンチウムガラス、ランタンガラス、フルオロアルミノシリケートガラス、フッ化イッテルビウム、ジルコニア、チタニア、コロイダルシリカ等からなるものを挙げることができる。これらの中でも、屈折率の調整が容易であることから、シリカ・チタン族元素酸化物系複合酸化物からなる粒子を使用することが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る複合材料においては、樹脂マトリックスの25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても下記式:
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立つ必要がある。上記関係を満足しない場合には、構造色が発現しても、樹脂マトリックス中で短波長の光が散乱され易くなり、発現した構造色が確認し難くなる。発現した構造色の視認性及び鮮明さ、並びに歯科用充填修復材料として使用したときの色調適合性の観点から、n(G-PIDm)とn(MX)との差であるΔn(=n(G-PIDm)-n(MX))は、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、0.001~0.1であることが好ましく、0.002~0.1であることがより好ましく、0.005~0.05であることがさらに好ましい。
超微細粒子群(G-SFP)は、平均一次粒子径が100nm未満の無機粒子からなる粒子集合体であり、本実施形態に係る複合材料の前駆体(硬化させて複合材料を得るための材料)となる硬化性組成物の粘度を調整する目的、或いは本実施形態に係る複合材料のコントラスト比を調整する目的等で配合される。但し、G-SFPの平均一次粒子径は、無機粒子に配合されるG-PIDの中で最も平均一次粒子径が小さいG-PID1の平均一次粒子径(d1)よりも25nm以上小さい必要がある。このような条件を満足しない場合には、無機球状粒子の分散状態に悪影響を与え、構造色が発現し難くなる。なお、G-SFPを構成する無機粒子の形状は特に限定されず、不定形であっても球状であってもよい。また、平均一次粒子径の下限は、通常2nmである。
本実施形態に係る複合材料は、後述する硬化性組成物を重合硬化させることによって好適に製造することができる。また、本実施形態に係る複合材料における各成分の配合割合は、硬化性組成物の組成によってほぼ一義的に決定される。さらに、本実施形態に係る複合材料における無機球状粒子の分散状態(分散構造)も、硬化直前の硬化性組成物における無機球状粒子の分散状態(分散構造)が実質的にそのまま維持されるものと思われる。すなわち、硬化時に重合収縮等の影響を受ける可能性はあるものの、その影響は微小であり、上述した条件1及び条件2を満足するか否かが異なるほどの影響は与えない。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物は、重合性単量体、無機粒子、及び重合開始剤を含有し、無機粒子は、1又は複数の同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、超微細粒子群(G-SFP)とを含んでなる。
重合性単量体は、本実施形態に係る複合材料の樹脂マトリックスの原料として説明した重合性単量体と同じものである。また、G-PID及びそれを構成する無機球状粒子、並びにG-SFP及びそれを構成する無機粒子も、本実施形態に係る複合材料の構成成分として説明したものと同じものである。
重合開始剤は、重合性単量体を重合硬化させる機能を有するものであれば特に限定されない。口腔内で硬化させる場合が多い歯科の直接充填修復用途を想定した場合には、化学重合開始剤及び/又は光重合開始剤を使用することが好ましく、混合操作の必要が無いという理由から、光重合開始剤を使用することがより好ましい。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物は、上述した短距離秩序構造をより簡便且つ確実に得ることができるという理由から、1又は複数の同一粒径球状粒子群の少なくとも一部が、1種の同一粒径球状粒子群と、25℃における屈折率が当該1種の同一粒径球状粒子群を構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率よりも小さい樹脂とを含んでなり、上記1種の同一粒径球状粒子群以外の同一粒径球状粒子群を含まない有機-無機複合フィラー(すなわち、単一のG-PIDしか含まない有機-無機複合フィラー)として配合されることが好ましい。
上述したように、有機-無機複合フィラーとは、(有機)樹脂マトリックス中に無機フィラーが分散した複合体からなる粉体、又は無機フィラーの一次粒子同士が(有機)樹脂で結着された凝集体からなるフィラーを意味する。
n(R)<n(F)
の関係が成り立つ必要がある。そして、この関係は、有機-無機複合フィラーが25℃における屈折率が異なる無機球状粒子を含む場合には、全ての無機球状粒子に対して成り立つ必要がある。n(F)とn(R)との差であるΔn(=n(F)-n(R))は、0.001~0.01であることが好ましく、0.001~0.005であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物には、その効果を阻害しない範囲で、重合禁止剤、紫外線吸収剤等の他の添加剤を配合することができる。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物の製造方法は、上述した本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物を製造する製造方法であり、重合性単量体、無機粒子、及び重合開始剤を混合する混合工程を含む。当該混合工程では、重合性単量体、無機粒子、及び重合開始剤の必要量をそれぞれ秤量し、これらを混合する。このときの各成分の秤量方法及び混合方法は特に限定されない。混合方法については、短時間で硬化性組成物の混合状態を均一にし、スケールアップ製造が容易であるという理由から、遊星運動型撹拌機等の混練装置を用いて混合することが好ましい。
(a)予め、実際に製造する硬化性組成物と同一又は実質的に同一の組成を有する硬化性組成物について混合条件を複数変化させて混合を行い、各混合条件で混合したときに得られた混合物の硬化体における動径分布関数g(r)を調べることにより、条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足する混合条件を決定し、決定された混合条件と同一の混合条件を採用する方法。
(b)混合工程の途中及び/又は終了後に得られた混合物の一部をサンプリングし、サンプリングされた混合物の硬化体中における無機粒子の分散状態が条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足するか否かを確認し、これら条件を満足するまで混合を継続する方法。
これら条件を満足し易くするために、混合工程では、無機球状粒子を、粒子径5μm~50μm、好ましくは5μm~30μmの有機-無機複合フィラーとして混合するか、又は粒子径5μm~200μm、好ましくは10μm~100μmの凝集粒子として混合することが好ましい。また、混合中に気泡が混入すると上記条件を満足することが困難となるばかりでなく、複合材料の欠陥ともなるため、脱泡処理を行う等して、少なくとも混合後には気泡が残存しないようにすることが好ましい。脱泡方法としては、粘度の高い組成物中からも短時間で気泡を除去可能であるという理由から、減圧下で脱泡する方法を採用することが好ましい。さらに、同一粒径球状粒子群の総量が、重合性単量体100質量部に対して50質量部~1500質量部、好ましくは100質量部~1500質量部となるように混合することが好ましい。
重合性単量体としては、表1に示す組成の重合性単量体混合物であるM1及びM2を使用した。なお、表の重合性単量体欄の略号はそれぞれ以下の化合物を表し、括弧内の数字は使用した質量部を表す。
・UDMA:1,6-ビス(メタクリルエチルオキシカルボニルアミノ)トリメチルヘキサン
・3G:トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート
・bis-GMA:2,2-ビス[(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル]プロパン
2-1.同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)
G-PIDとしては、表2に示すG-PID1~G-PID11を使用した。なお、これら同一粒径球状粒子群は、特開昭58-110414号公報、特開昭58-156524号公報等に記載された方法(いわゆるゾルゲル法)に従って調製した。具体的には、まず、加水分解可能な有機ケイ素化合物(テトラエチルシリケート等)と加水分解可能な有機チタン族金属化合物(テトラブチルジルコネート、テトラブチルチタネート等)とを、表2の組成欄に示すような組成となるように含んだ混合溶液を、アンモニア水を導入したアンモニア性アルコール(例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール等)溶液中に添加し、加水分解を行って反応生成物を析出させた。次いで、析出物を分離した後、乾燥し、必要に応じて粉砕してから焼成し、焼成物を得た。次いで、得られた焼成物100質量部に対し、γ-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン4質量部及びn-プロピルアミン3質量部を、塩化メチレン500質量部中で撹拌混合し、エバポレーターで塩化メチレンを除去した後、90℃で加熱乾燥を行い、同一粒径球状粒子群の表面処理物とした。
走査型電子顕微鏡(フィリップス社製、「XL-30S」)で粉体の写真を5000倍~100000倍の倍率で撮り、画像解析ソフト(旭化成エンジニアリング(株)製、「IP-1000PC」)を用いて、撮影した画像の処理を行い、その写真の単位視野内に観察される粒子の数(30個以上)及び一次粒子径(最大径)を測定し、測定値に基づき下記式により平均一次粒子径を算出した。
0.1gのG-PIDをエタノール10mLに分散させ、手を用いて十分に振盪した。レーザー回折-散乱法による粒度分布計(ベックマンコールター社製、「LS230」)を用い、光学モデル「Fraunhofer」にて体積統計のメディアン径を求め、これをG-PIDの平均凝集粒子径とした。
上記(1)で撮影した写真の単位視野内における全粒子(30個以上)のうち、上記(1)で求めた平均一次粒子径の前後5%の粒子径範囲外の一次粒子径(最大径)を有する粒子の数を計測し、その値を上記全粒子の数から減じて、上記写真の単位視野内における平均一次粒子径の前後5%の粒子径範囲内の粒子数を求め、下記式:
平均粒径粒子の存在割合(%)=[(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における平均一次粒子径の前後5%の粒子径範囲内の粒子数)/(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における全粒子数)]×100
に従って算出した。
走査型電子顕微鏡で粉体の写真を撮り、その写真の単位視野内に観察される同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)の粒子について、その数(n:30以上)、粒子の最大径である長径(Li)、該長径に直交する方向の径である短径(Bi)を求め、下記式により算出した。
アッベ屈折率計((株)アタゴ製)を用いて液浸法によって測定した。すなわち、25℃の恒温室において、100mLのサンプル瓶中、同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)を無水トルエン50mL中に分散させた。この分散液をスターラーで撹拌しながら1-ブロモトルエンを少しずつ滴下し、分散液が最も透明になった時点の分散液の屈折率を測定し、得られた値を同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)の屈折率とした。
表2に示す同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID5)100gを200gの水に加え、循環型粉砕機SCミル(日本コークス工業(株)製)を用いてこれらの水分散液を得た。
G-SFPとしては、レオロシールQS-102(平均一次粒子径30nm、(株)トクヤマ製)を使用した。
表2に示す不定形無機粒子F1を使用した。不定形無機粒子F1は、特開平2-132102号公報、特開平3-197311号公報等に記載の方法に従い、アルコキシシラン化合物を有機溶剤に溶解し、これに水を添加して部分加水分解した後、さらに複合化する他の金属のアルコキサイド及びアルカリ金属化合物を添加して加水分解してゲル状物を生成させ、次いで該ゲル状物を乾燥後、必要に応じて粉砕し、焼成することにより調製した。なお、平均一次粒子径(不定形無機粒子については破砕粒子の平均粒子径を意味する。)、平均粒径粒子の存在割合、及び屈折率は、G-PIDと同様にして測定した。
重合開始剤としては、カンファーキノン(CQ)、p-N,N-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸エチル(DMBE)、及びヒドロキノンモノメチルエーテル(HQME)の組み合わせからなる光重合開始剤を使用した。
図1のフロー図に従って参考例1の硬化性組成物を製造した。具体的には、重合性単量体混合物M1:1600gに対して、CQ:4.8g、DMBE:16.0g、及びHQME:2.4gを加えて混合し、均一な重合性単量体組成物を調製した。次に、G-PID4:6400gを計りとり、上記重合性単量体組成物を赤色光下にて徐々に加えていき、撹拌容器の容量が15Lである遊星運動型撹拌機プラネタリーミキサー((株)井上製作所製)を用いて、撹拌羽の回転数7rpm~10rpmで2時間混練した。混練を一旦停止し、混合物を5.0gサンプリングした。このサンプルについて圧力1000Paで5分間減圧脱泡処理を行い、可視光線照射器((株)トクヤマ製、パワーライト)で30秒光照射して硬化させた。得られた硬化体について、後述する実施例1と同様の方法により動径分布関数g(r)を調べたところ、最近接粒子間距離r1が粒子径r0の0.88倍となる位置(r1/r0が0.88)において動径分布関数g(r)の第1の極大ピークが観測され、次近接粒子間距離r2との間の動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.32となっており、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足していなかった。そこで、同一条件でさらに1時間混練を行った後にサンプリングを行って硬化体の動径分布関数g(r)を調べたところ、最近接粒子間距離r1が粒子径r0の1.03倍となる位置(r1/r0が1.03)において動径分布関数g(r)の第1の極大ピークが観測され、次近接粒子間距離r2との間の動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.60となっており、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足することが確認された。再現性実験として、最初から混錬時間を3時間としてプラネタリーミキサーで混練を行い、全量を取り出して硬化体の動径分布関数g(r)を調べたところ、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足することが確認された。参考例1では、10回中10回の割合で再現性よく、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足する均一な組成物を得ることができた。
重合性単量体混合物M1:100質量部に対して、CQ:0.3質量部、DMBE:1.0質量部、及びHQME:0.15質量部を加えて混合し、均一な重合性単量体組成物を調製した。次に、G-PID4:400質量部及び超微細粒子群(G-SFP):0.5質量部を計りとり、上記重合性単量体組成物を赤色光下にて徐々に加えていき、混練機プラネタリーミキサー((株)井上製作所製)を用いて十分に混練し、均一な硬化性ペーストとした。さらに、このペーストを減圧下で脱泡して気泡を除去し、硬化性組成物を製造した。得られた硬化性組成物の硬化体(複合材料)について、(1)目視による着色光の評価、(2)着色光の波長測定、(3)色彩計による色調適合性の評価、(4)目視による色調適合性の評価、及び(5)無機球状粒子の動径分布関数の評価を行った。硬化体(複合材料)の組成(マトリックス欄についてはマトリックスとなる樹脂を与える重合性単量体混合物を記載している。)及び評価結果を表3~表5に示す。また、実施例1の硬化体(複合材料)における観察平面の走査型電子顕微鏡画像の一例を図2Aに示し、その走査型電子顕微鏡画像から得られた座標データの一例を図2Bに示し、その座標データから決定されるパラメータに基づいて計算されたg(r)に関する動径分布関数グラフを図3に示す。実施例1では、10回中10回の割合で再現性よく、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足する均一な組成物を得ることができた。
なお、上記各評価及び測定は、以下に示す方法で行った。
硬化性組成物(ペースト)を7mmφ×1mmの貫通した孔を有する型にいれ、両面にポリエステルフィルムを圧接した。可視光線照射器((株)トクヤマ製、パワーライト)で両面に30秒間ずつ光照射して硬化させた後、型から取り出して評価試料を作製した。得られた評価試料を10mm角程度の黒いテープ(カーボンテープ)の粘着面に載せ、目視にて着色光の色調を確認した。
上記(1)と同様にして作製した評価試料について、色差計((有)東京電色製、「TC-1800MKII」)を用いて、背景色黒、背景色白で分光反射率を測定し、背景色黒における反射率の極大点を着色光の波長とした。
右下6番の咬合面中央部にI級窩洞(直径4mm、深さ2mm)を再現した硬質レジン歯を用い、欠損部に上記の硬化性組成物(ペースト)を充填して硬化及び研磨することによって模擬修復を行った。模擬修復後の色調適合性を二次元色彩計((株)パパラボ製、「RC-500」)にて評価した。なお、硬質レジン歯としては、シェードガイド(「VITAClassical」、VITA社製)におけるA系(赤茶色)の範疇の中にあって、高彩度の硬質レジン歯(A4相当)及び低彩度の硬質レジン歯(A1相当)、並びにシェードガイド(「VITAClassical」、VITA社製)におけるB系(赤黄色)の範疇の中にあって、高彩度の硬質レジン歯(B4相当)及び低彩度の硬質レジン歯(B1相当)を用いた。
硬質レジン歯を二次元色彩計にセットして硬質レジン歯を撮影し、画像解析ソフト((株)パパラボ製、「RC Series Image Viewer」)を用いて、撮影した画像の処理を行い、硬質レジン歯の修復部及び非修復部の測色値の色差(CIELabにおけるΔE*)を求め、色調適合性の評価を行った。
ΔE*={(ΔL*)2+(Δa*)2+(Δb*)2}1/2
ΔL*=L1*-L2*
Δa*=a1*-a2*
Δb*=b1*-b2*
なお、L1*:硬質レジン歯の修復部の明度指数、a1*,b1*:硬質レジン歯の修復部の色質指数、L2*:硬質レジン歯の非修復部の明度指数、a2*,b2*:硬質レジン歯の非修復部の色質指数、ΔE*:色調変化量である。
上記(3)と同様にして模擬修復を行い、修復後の色調適合性を目視にて確認した。評価基準を以下に示す。
-評価基準-
5:修復物の色調が硬質レジン歯と見分けがつかない。
4:修復物の色調が硬質レジン歯と良く適合している。
3:修復物の色調が硬質レジン歯と類似している。
2:修復物の色調が硬質レジン歯と類似しているが適合性は良好でない。
1:修復物の色調が硬質レジン歯と適合していない。
硬化性組成物(ペースト)を5mmφ×10mmの貫通した孔を有する型にいれ、両面にポリエステルフィルムを圧接した。可視光線照射器((株)トクヤマ製、パワーライト)で両面に30秒間ずつ光照射して硬化させた後、型から取り出して、硬化性組成物(ペースト)の硬化体(複合材料)を得た。当該硬化体中の球状粒子の分散状態を走査型電子顕微鏡(フィリップス社製、「XL-30S」)により観察して動径分布関数を求め、評価を行った。具体的には、硬化体をイオンミリング装置((株)日立製作所製、「IM4000」)で断面ミリングを2kV、20分間の条件にて行い、観察平面とした。当該観察平面について走査型電子顕微鏡により平面内に1000個の球状粒子を含有している領域の顕微鏡画像を取得し、得られた走査型電子顕微鏡画像を画像解析ソフト(「Simple Digitizer ver3.2」フリーソフト)を用いて、上記領域内の球状粒子の座標を求めた。得られた座標データから任意の球状粒子の座標を1つ選択し、選択した球状粒子を中心に少なくとも200個以上の球状粒子が含まれる距離rを半径とする円を描き、円内に含まれる球状粒子の個数を求め、平均粒子密度<ρ>(単位:個/cm2)を算出した。drは、r0/100~r0/10(r0は球状粒子の平均粒子径を示す。)程度の値であり、中心の球状粒子から距離rの円と距離r+drの円との間の領域内に含まれる粒子の数dn、及び上記領域の面積daを求めた。このようにして求めた<ρ>、dn、daの値を用いて、下記式(1):
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
を計算し、動径分布関数g(r)を求めた。そして、動径分布関数とr/r0(rは円の中心からの任意の距離を示し、r0は球状粒子の平均粒子径を示す。)との関係を示す動径分布関数グラフを作成した。そして、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2について、条件を満足するものを「Y」、満足しないものを「N」として評価した。
硬化体(複合材料)の組成を表3に示すように変更するほかは実施例1と同様にして、硬化体(複合材料)を得た。得られた硬化体(複合材料)について、実施例1と同様にして、(1)目視による着色光の評価、(2)着色光の波長測定、(3)色彩計による色調適合性の評価、(4)目視による色調適合性の評価、及び(5)無機球状粒子の動径分布関数の評価を行った。評価結果を表3~表5に示す。また、実施例2~4の硬化体(複合材料)における動径分布関数グラフを図4~図6に示す。実施例2~4においても、10回中10回の割合で再現性よく、動径分布関数の条件1及び条件2を満足する均一な組成物を得ることができた。
硬化体(複合材料)の組成を表3に示すように変更するほかは実施例1と同様にして、硬化体(複合材料)を得た。得られた硬化体(複合材料)について、実施例1と同様にして、(1)目視による着色光の評価、(2)着色光の波長測定、(3)色彩計による色調適合性の評価、及び(4)目視による色調適合性の評価を行った。硬化体(複合材料)の組成(マトリックス欄についてはマトリックスとなる樹脂を与える重合性単量体混合物を記載している。)及び評価結果を表3~表5に示す。
重合性単量体混合物M1:100質量部に対して、CQ:0.3質量部、DMBE:1.0質量部、及びHQME:0.15質量部を加えて混合し、均一な重合性単量体組成物を調製した。次に、G-PID2:400質量部及び超微細粒子群(G-SFP):0.5質量部を計りとり、上記重合性単量体組成物を赤色光下にて徐々に加えていき、乳鉢を用いて混練し、硬化性ペーストとした。さらに、このペーストを減圧下で脱泡して気泡を除去し、硬化性組成物を製造した。得られた硬化性組成物の硬化体(複合材料)について、実施例1と同様にして、(1)目視による着色光の評価、(2)着色光の波長測定、(3)色彩計による色調適合性の評価、(4)目視による色調適合性の評価、及び(5)無機球状粒子の動径分布関数の評価を行った。硬化体(複合材料)の組成(マトリックス欄についてはマトリックスとなる樹脂を与える重合性単量体混合物を記載している。)及び評価結果を表3~表5に示す。また、比較例2の硬化体(複合材料)における動径分布関数グラフを図7に示す。比較例2では、5回中1回の割合で良好な評価を得ることができなかった。表に示す評価結果は、この系についてのものである。
Claims (11)
- 樹脂マトリックス中に無機粒子が分散してなる複合材料であって、
前記無機粒子は、
100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が前記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、
平均一次粒子径が100nm未満の無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)と、を含んでなり、
前記無機粒子に含まれる前記同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数であり、
前記無機粒子に含まれる前記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっており、
前記超微細粒子群の平均一次粒子径は、G-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さく、
前記樹脂マトリックスの25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立ち、
前記樹脂マトリックス中における全ての前記同一粒径球状粒子群を構成する無機球状粒子の配列構造が下記条件1及び条件2を満足する短距離秩序構造を有している、複合材料。
[条件1] 前記複合材料中に分散する任意の無機球状粒子の中心からの距離rを、前記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0で除して規格化した無次元数(r/r0)をx軸とし、前記任意の無機球状粒子の中心から距離r離れた地点において他の無機球状粒子が存在する確率を表す動径分布関数g(r)をy軸として、r/r0とそのときのrに対応するg(r)との関係を表した動径分布関数グラフにおいて、当該動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から最も近いピークのピークトップに対応するrとして定義される最近接粒子間距離r1が、前記複合材料中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0の1倍~2倍の値である。
[条件2] 前記動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から2番目に近いピークのピークトップに対応するrを次近接粒子間距離r2としたときに、前記最近接粒子間距離r1と前記次近接粒子間距離r2との間における前記動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.56~1.10の値である。 - 前記動径分布関数g(r)は、前記複合材料の内部の面を観察平面とする走査型電子顕微鏡画像に基づいて決定される、当該観察平面内の前記無機球状粒子の平均粒子密度<ρ>、当該観察平面内の任意の無機球状粒子からの距離rの円と距離r+drの円との間の領域中に存在する無機球状粒子の数dn、及び前記領域の面積da(但し、da=2πr・drである。)に基づいて、下記式(1):
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
により計算される、請求項1に記載の複合材料。 - 前記同一粒径球状粒子群の総含有量が、前記樹脂マトリックス100質量部に対して10質量部~1500質量部であり、前記超微細粒子群の含有量が、前記樹脂マトリックス100質量部に対して0.1質量部~50質量部である、請求項1又は2に記載の複合材料。
- 前記無機粒子に含まれる全ての前記同一粒径球状粒子群の平均一次粒子径が230nm~1000nmの範囲内にあり、前記超微細粒子群の平均一次粒子径が3nm~75nmの範囲内にある、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の複合材料。
- n(MX)とn(G-PIDm)との差(n(G-PIDm)-n(MX))で定義されるΔnが、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても0.001~0.1である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の複合材料。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の複合材料からなる歯科用充填修復材料。
- 請求項1に記載の複合材料を製造するための硬化性組成物であって、
重合性単量体、無機粒子、及び重合開始剤を含有し、
前記無機粒子は、
100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が前記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)と、
平均一次粒子径が100nm未満の無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)と、を含んでなり、
前記無機粒子に含まれる前記同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数であり、
前記無機粒子に含まれる前記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっており、
前記超微細粒子群の平均一次粒子径は、G-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さく、
前記重合性単量体の硬化体の25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立つ、硬化性組成物。 - 1又は複数の前記同一粒径球状粒子群の少なくとも一部は、1種の同一粒径球状粒子群と、25℃における屈折率が当該1種の同一粒径球状粒子群を構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率よりも小さい樹脂とを含んでなり、前記1種の同一粒径球状粒子群以外の同一粒径球状粒子群を含まない有機-無機複合フィラーとして含まれる、請求項7に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 重合性単量体、下記条件(i)~条件(iv)を満足する無機粒子、及び重合開始剤を含有し、且つ、所定の色調の構造色を発色する硬化体を与える硬化性組成物の製造方法であって、
前記重合性単量体、前記無機粒子、及び前記重合開始剤を混合する混合工程を含み、
前記混合工程では、当該工程で得られる混合物について、当該混合物を硬化させて得られる硬化体中における前記無機粒子の分散状態が、下記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足することが確認された混合条件を採用して混合を行う、硬化性組成物の製造方法。
〔無機粒子が満足すべき条件〕
(i) 100nm~1000nmの範囲内にある所定の平均一次粒子径を有する無機球状粒子の集合体からなり、当該集合体の個数基準粒度分布において全粒子数の90%以上が前記所定の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する同一粒径球状粒子群(G-PID)を含み、当該同一粒径球状粒子群の数が1又は複数である。
(ii) 前記無機粒子に含まれる前記同一粒径球状粒子群の数をaとし、各同一粒径球状粒子群を、その平均一次粒子径の小さい順にそれぞれG-PIDm(但し、mは、aが1のときは1であり、aが2以上のときは1~aまでの自然数である。)で表したときに、各G-PIDmの平均一次粒子径は、それぞれ互いに25nm以上異なっている。
(iii) 前記重合性単量体の硬化体の25℃における屈折率をn(MX)とし、各G-PIDmを構成する無機球状粒子の25℃における屈折率をn(G-PIDm)としたときに、いずれのn(G-PIDm)に対しても、
n(MX)<n(G-PIDm)
の関係が成り立つ。
(iv) 平均一次粒子径が100nm未満で且つG-PID1の平均一次粒子径よりも25nm以上小さい平均一次粒子径を有する無機粒子からなる超微細粒子群(G-SFP)を含む。
〔分散状態が満足すべき条件〕
(I) 前記混合物の硬化体中に分散する任意の無機球状粒子の中心からの距離rを、前記混合物の硬化体中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0で除して規格化した無次元数(r/r0)をx軸とし、前記任意の無機球状粒子の中心から距離r離れた地点において他の無機球状粒子が存在する確率を表す動径分布関数g(r)をy軸として、r/r0とそのときのrに対応するg(r)との関係を表した動径分布関数グラフにおいて、当該動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から最も近いピークのピークトップに対応するrとして定義される最近接粒子間距離r1が、前記混合物の硬化体中に分散する無機球状粒子全体の平均粒子径r0の1倍~2倍の値である。
(II) 前記動径分布関数グラフに現れるピークのうち、原点から2番目に近いピークのピークトップに対応するrを次近接粒子間距離r2としたときに、前記最近接粒子間距離r1と前記次近接粒子間距離r2との間における前記動径分布関数g(r)の極小値が0.56~1.10の値である。 - 前記動径分布関数g(r)は、前記混合物の硬化体の内部の面を観察平面とする走査型電子顕微鏡画像に基づいて決定される、当該観察平面内の前記無機球状粒子の平均粒子密度<ρ>、当該観察平面内の任意の無機球状粒子からの距離rの円と距離r+drの円との間の領域中に存在する無機球状粒子の数dn、及び前記領域の面積da(但し、da=2πr・drである。)に基づいて、下記式(1):
g(r)={1/<ρ>}×{dn/da}・・・(1)
により計算される、請求項9に記載の硬化性組成物の製造方法。 - 前記混合工程において採用する混合条件を決定する方法が、下記(a)又は(b)の方法である、請求項9又は10に記載の硬化性組成物の製造方法。
(a)予め、実際に製造する硬化性組成物と同一又は実質的に同一の組成を有する硬化性組成物について混合条件を複数変化させて混合を行い、各混合条件で混合したときに得られた混合物の硬化体における前記動径分布関数g(r)を調べることにより、前記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足する混合条件を決定し、決定された混合条件と同一の混合条件を採用する方法。
(b)前記混合工程の途中及び/又は終了後に得られた混合物の一部をサンプリングし、サンプリングされた混合物の硬化体中における前記無機粒子の分散状態が前記条件(I)及び条件(II)を満足するか否かを確認し、これら条件を満足するまで混合を継続する方法。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2019336740A AU2019336740A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Composite material, curable composition, and method for producing curable composition |
CN201980056192.9A CN112639017B (zh) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | 复合材料、固化性组合物、及固化性组合物的制造方法 |
US17/273,225 US11453761B2 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Composite material, curable composition, and method for producing curable composition |
EP19856804.0A EP3848418B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Dental curable composition and method for producing dental curable composition |
CA3108366A CA3108366A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Composite material, curable composition, and method for producing curable composition |
KR1020217006553A KR20210057026A (ko) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | 복합 재료, 경화성 조성물 및 경화성 조성물의 제조 방법 |
BR112021003105-7A BR112021003105B1 (pt) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Material compósito, material de restauração de obturação dentária, composição curável e método produção da mesma |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018-165680 | 2018-09-05 | ||
JP2018165680A JP6732257B2 (ja) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | 複合材料 |
JP2018227112A JP6732259B2 (ja) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | 重合硬化性組成物の製造方法 |
JP2018-227112 | 2018-12-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020050123A1 true WO2020050123A1 (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
Family
ID=69723268
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2019/033882 WO2020050123A1 (ja) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | 複合材料、硬化性組成物、及び硬化性組成物の製造方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11453761B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3848418B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20210057026A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112639017B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2019336740A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3108366A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020050123A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020235418A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-26 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科切削加工用ブランク及びその製造方法 |
WO2023074456A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-04 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科切削加工用ハイブリッドレジン系ブランク、及びクラウンの作製方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112639017B (zh) * | 2018-09-05 | 2023-05-02 | 株式会社德山齿科 | 复合材料、固化性组合物、及固化性组合物的制造方法 |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58110414A (ja) | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-01 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 無機酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JPS58156524A (ja) | 1982-03-06 | 1983-09-17 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 無機酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JPH02132102A (ja) | 1988-07-04 | 1990-05-21 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
JPH03197311A (ja) | 1989-12-25 | 1991-08-28 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 金属酸化物粒子の製造方法 |
JPH09255516A (ja) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-09-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 歯科用複合材料 |
JP2008260720A (ja) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-30 | Tokuyama Dental Corp | 歯科用硬化性組成物 |
WO2011115007A1 (ja) | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 有機無機複合フィラー、及びその製造方法 |
JP2012153640A (ja) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-16 | Tokuyama Dental Corp | 歯科用複合修復材料 |
WO2013039169A1 (ja) | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 有機無機複合フィラー、及びその製造方法 |
JP5274164B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 微粒子分散体 |
WO2014050634A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科用充填修復材料 |
WO2015125470A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-27 | クラレノリタケデンタル株式会社 | 歯科用修復材組成物 |
WO2017069274A1 (ja) | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 硬化性組成物及び歯科用充填修復材料 |
WO2018101236A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 硬化性組成物 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5057018A (en) * | 1986-05-13 | 1991-10-15 | American Dental Association - Health Foundation | Microcrystalline inserts for megafilled composite dental restorations |
CA2283890C (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2007-09-18 | Advanced Glazings Ltd. | Honeycomb transparent insulation with improved insulating ability |
WO2013015412A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 積層体、ガスバリアフィルム、及びこれらの製造方法 |
JP6507973B2 (ja) | 2015-09-28 | 2019-05-08 | 株式会社デンソー | ウェハの製造方法および生産システム |
CN112639017B (zh) * | 2018-09-05 | 2023-05-02 | 株式会社德山齿科 | 复合材料、固化性组合物、及固化性组合物的制造方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-08-29 CN CN201980056192.9A patent/CN112639017B/zh active Active
- 2019-08-29 AU AU2019336740A patent/AU2019336740A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-29 US US17/273,225 patent/US11453761B2/en active Active
- 2019-08-29 WO PCT/JP2019/033882 patent/WO2020050123A1/ja unknown
- 2019-08-29 KR KR1020217006553A patent/KR20210057026A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-08-29 CA CA3108366A patent/CA3108366A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-29 EP EP19856804.0A patent/EP3848418B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58110414A (ja) | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-01 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 無機酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JPS58156524A (ja) | 1982-03-06 | 1983-09-17 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 無機酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JPH02132102A (ja) | 1988-07-04 | 1990-05-21 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
JPH03197311A (ja) | 1989-12-25 | 1991-08-28 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 金属酸化物粒子の製造方法 |
JPH09255516A (ja) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-09-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 歯科用複合材料 |
JP2008260720A (ja) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-30 | Tokuyama Dental Corp | 歯科用硬化性組成物 |
JP5274164B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 微粒子分散体 |
WO2011115007A1 (ja) | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 有機無機複合フィラー、及びその製造方法 |
JP2012153640A (ja) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-16 | Tokuyama Dental Corp | 歯科用複合修復材料 |
WO2013039169A1 (ja) | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 有機無機複合フィラー、及びその製造方法 |
WO2014050634A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科用充填修復材料 |
WO2015125470A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-27 | クラレノリタケデンタル株式会社 | 歯科用修復材組成物 |
WO2017069274A1 (ja) | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 硬化性組成物及び歯科用充填修復材料 |
WO2018101236A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 硬化性組成物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3848418A4 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020235418A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-26 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科切削加工用ブランク及びその製造方法 |
JP7440932B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 | 2024-02-29 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科切削加工用ブランク及びその製造方法 |
WO2023074456A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-04 | 株式会社トクヤマデンタル | 歯科切削加工用ハイブリッドレジン系ブランク、及びクラウンの作製方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN112639017B (zh) | 2023-05-02 |
CN112639017A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
AU2019336740A1 (en) | 2021-03-18 |
EP3848418B1 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
US20210324178A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
EP3848418A4 (en) | 2022-05-04 |
BR112021003105A2 (pt) | 2021-05-11 |
US11453761B2 (en) | 2022-09-27 |
KR20210057026A (ko) | 2021-05-20 |
CA3108366A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
EP3848418A1 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2724706B1 (en) | Dental restorative material | |
JP7114090B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物 | |
AU2017367405B2 (en) | Curable composition | |
WO2020050123A1 (ja) | 複合材料、硬化性組成物、及び硬化性組成物の製造方法 | |
WO2019189698A1 (ja) | 歯科切削加工用レジン系ブロック | |
JP7440932B2 (ja) | 歯科切削加工用ブランク及びその製造方法 | |
WO2021131490A1 (ja) | 歯科用充填修復材料キット | |
JP6732257B2 (ja) | 複合材料 | |
JP6732259B2 (ja) | 重合硬化性組成物の製造方法 | |
JP2020011917A (ja) | 歯科用硬化性組成物 | |
JP7422994B2 (ja) | 歯科用硬化性組成物 | |
RU2793849C2 (ru) | Композиционный материал, отверждаемая композиция и способ получения отверждаемой композиции | |
RU2807748C2 (ru) | Стоматологическая заготовка для фрезерования и способ ее получения | |
BR112021003105B1 (pt) | Material compósito, material de restauração de obturação dentária, composição curável e método produção da mesma | |
JP2023107374A (ja) | 歯科用硬化性組成物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19856804 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3108366 Country of ref document: CA |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112021003105 Country of ref document: BR |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019336740 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20190829 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019856804 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20210406 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112021003105 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20210219 |