WO2020042882A1 - 塑料合金及其制备方法 - Google Patents

塑料合金及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042882A1
WO2020042882A1 PCT/CN2019/099532 CN2019099532W WO2020042882A1 WO 2020042882 A1 WO2020042882 A1 WO 2020042882A1 CN 2019099532 W CN2019099532 W CN 2019099532W WO 2020042882 A1 WO2020042882 A1 WO 2020042882A1
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parts
polycarbonate
plastic alloy
weight
alloy according
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PCT/CN2019/099532
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王培涛
黄险波
叶南飚
岑茵
艾军伟
彭民乐
佟伟
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金发科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020042882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042882A1/zh
Priority to AU2020100580A priority Critical patent/AU2020100580A4/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/10—Block- or graft-copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/24—Crystallisation aids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polymer materials.
  • PC Polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the patent application with the application number 201710139597.1 discloses a heat-resistant and solvent-resistant PC / PET modified resin, which introduces a polymer compatibilizer containing a reactive epoxy functional group into the PC / PET modified resin, and suppresses the transesterification reaction.
  • the patent application number 201710139597.1 does not solve the problem of low temperature toughness of PC / PET modified resin.
  • Patent application No. 201310721176.1 discloses a PC / PET alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
  • the PC / PET alloy material is introduced with a flame retardant and an organosilicon compound to obtain excellent mechanical properties and low temperature resistance.
  • PC / PET alloy material with good abrasion resistance and good flame retardancy and antistatic properties.
  • the application emphasizes that while having the excellent properties of polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate, it also has good flame retardancy and antistatic properties.
  • the application number 201310721176.1 has not been resolved.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a plastic alloy capable of simultaneously resisting low-temperature impact, solvent resistance and abrasion resistance, and a preparation method thereof.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a plastic alloy, which includes the following components by weight: 1 to 90 parts of polycarbonate (PC), and 1 to 90 parts of silicone copolymerized polycarbonate 1 to 90 parts of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 0.01 to 3 parts of nucleating agent, 0 to 10 parts of toughening agent, and 0 to 10 parts of compatibilizer.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • nucleating agent 0 to 10 parts of toughening agent
  • compatibilizer 0 to 10 parts
  • the siloxane copolymer polycarbonate has good solvent resistance and low temperature impact resistance.
  • the invention improves the solvent resistance and low temperature impact resistance of the PC / PET alloy material through the introduction of the siloxane copolymer polycarbonate.
  • the performance of the multiphase structure is not a simple superposition of the advantages of the single phase structure.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is a crystalline material, and polycarbonate and silicone copolymerized polycarbonate are amorphous materials. Their compatibility Poor, the toughness of the ternary alloy obtained only by the combination of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate and siloxane copolymer polycarbonate is still low.
  • the present invention further introduces a nucleating agent to improve the crystalline morphology of polyethylene terephthalate, thereby optimizing the phase structure of polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate alloy, which is conducive to the formation of more uniform Phase morphology, give full play to the advantages of each component of the ternary alloy, and finally obtain a plastic alloy with low temperature impact resistance, solvent resistance and wear resistance.
  • the polycarbonate is 15 to 70 parts by weight
  • the silicone copolymerized polycarbonate is 15 to 90 parts by weight
  • the polyethylene terephthalate The ester is 10 to 90 parts by weight. Studies have shown that under this specific ratio, the obtained plastic alloy has better low temperature impact resistance, solvent resistance and wear resistance.
  • the polycarbonate is 30 to 60 parts by weight
  • the silicone copolymerized polycarbonate is 15 to 45 parts by weight
  • the alcohol ester is 10 to 40 parts by weight.
  • the polycarbonate is a bisphenol A-type aromatic polycarbonate, the melt mass flow rate of the polycarbonate is 3-60 g / 10min, and the melt mass flow rate of the polycarbonate is based on ISO 1133 uses a weight of 1.2 kg and is measured at a temperature of 300 ° C;
  • the nucleating agent is talc, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, a metal salt of a monocarboxylic acid, a metal salt of benzoic acid, an aromatic hydroxysulfonate, a metal salt of an organic phosphorus compound, polymerization At least one of an alkali metal salt of a polyester particle and a polyester oligomer;
  • the toughening agent is methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, Ethylene-acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer, maleic anhydride-functionalized ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic toughener (e.g., toughener with acrylate shell and rubber particles as core) At least one of the silicone rubber grafts;
  • the compatibilizer is at least one of a methacrylate-acrylate copolymer, a styrene-maleic anhydride random copolymer, and a styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate.
  • the melt mass flow rate of the polycarbonate is 3-25 g / 10min; and the metal salt of the monocarboxylic acid is a sodium salt, a lithium salt, or a barium of the monocarboxylic acid.
  • the metal salt of benzoic acid is the sodium, potassium or calcium salt of benzoic acid;
  • the metal salt of the organic phosphorus compound is a magnesium salt or a zinc salt of an organic phosphorus compound.
  • the nucleating agent is talc or a sodium salt of a monocarboxylic acid.
  • the melt mass flow rate of the polycarbonate is 3-12 g / 10 min.
  • the plastic alloy further includes at least one of an antioxidant, a lubricant, and an ultraviolet absorber.
  • an antioxidant can improve the oxidation resistance of plastic alloys.
  • the additives are not limited to these types, and those skilled in the art can select different types of additives according to different plastic alloys. For example, if you want to improve the stability of plastic alloys, you can also add stabilizers.
  • the antioxidant is 0.1 to 1 part by weight
  • the lubricant is 0.1 to 2 parts by weight
  • the ultraviolet absorber is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the plastic alloy, which includes the following steps:
  • step (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is added to a twin-screw extruder to be extruded and pelletized to obtain the plastic alloy.
  • the temperature of each zone of the twin-screw extruder is 200-270 ° C, and the feeding speed is 15-40 kg / h. The speed is 150-450r / min.
  • the present invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention provides a polycarbonate / siloxane copolymerized polycarbonate / polyethylene terephthalate plastic alloy, which is a combination of The rigidity and heat resistance of polycarbonate, the low-temperature impact resistance of silicone copolymer polycarbonate, the solvent resistance of polyethylene terephthalate, excellent molding properties, and wear resistance.
  • the present invention adjusts the phase structure of the resin through a nucleating agent, and maintains the superior properties of the three components at a high level to achieve the effect of complementary advantages of the components. Therefore, the plastic alloy prepared by the present invention has excellent low temperature impact resistance, solvent resistance and wear resistance.
  • melt mass flow rate of polycarbonate was measured according to ISO 1133 using a weight of 1.2 kg and a temperature of 300 ° C.
  • step (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is added to a twin-screw extruder to be extruded and pelletized to obtain the plastic alloy; wherein the temperature of each zone of the twin-screw extruder is 200-270 ° C and the feeding speed is 15 -40kg / h, the rotation speed of the screw is 150-450r / min.
  • composition components of the plastic alloys described in Examples 2 to 8 are shown in Table 1.
  • the methods for preparing the plastic alloys described in Examples 2 to 8 are the same as those in Example 1.
  • DuPont impact Cool a 100mm ⁇ 100mm ⁇ 2mm square plate in a -40 °C low-temperature freezer for 6 hours, and quickly remove it for low-temperature DuPont impact.
  • the DuPont impact specification weight is 2kg and the impact cone radius is 1 / 8in;
  • Solvent resistance Fix the ISO tensile spline on a curved fixture with a curvature of 1, brush the corresponding solvent in the middle of the spline, and observe the time for the crack to form through the crack or break;
  • Dry state abrasion resistance The rubbing color fastness meter is used to perform 5000 cycles test on the corrugated board in the dry state, and then the gloss difference before and after friction is characterized by a gloss meter (60 °) to characterize the resistance of the sample in the dry state. Grinding situation
  • Wet abrasion resistance Use a rubbing color fastness tester to perform 5000 cycles of the corrugated board under the wet state (ethanol), and then use a gloss meter (60 °) to characterize the gloss difference before and after friction to characterize the sample in the wet state Under abrasion conditions.
  • the plastic alloy prepared by the present invention has excellent low temperature impact resistance, solvent resistance and abrasion resistance.
  • the weight parts of polycarbonate, siloxane copolymer polycarbonate, and polyethylene terephthalate in the plastic alloy of the present invention affect the performance of the plastic alloy. Impact, the applicant prepared the plastic alloys of test groups 1 to 8 according to the method of Example 1, and tested the plastic alloys of each test group of this effect example according to the performance test method of the plastic alloys described in Examples 1 to 8 above. performance.
  • composition and performance test results of the plastic alloys in the test groups 1 to 8 are shown in Table 2.
  • the polycarbonate is bisphenol A-type aromatic polycarbonate, and the melt mass flow rate of the polycarbonate is 3-60g / 10min; and the nucleating agent is talc, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate At least one of sodium bicarbonate, metal salts of monocarboxylic acids, metal salts of benzoic acid, aromatic hydroxysulfonates, metal salts of organophosphorus compounds, polymer particles, and alkali metal salts of polyester oligomers .
  • the plastic alloy of each test group was the same except that the polycarbonate, the siloxane copolymer polycarbonate, and the polyethylene terephthalate were different by weight.
  • polycarbonate is 15 to 70 parts by weight
  • silicone copolymerized polycarbonate is 15 to 90 parts by weight
  • polyethylene terephthalate is 10 to 90 parts by weight.
  • the obtained plastic alloy has better low temperature impact resistance, solvent resistance and abrasion resistance.
  • the silicone copolymerized polycarbonate is 15 to 45 parts by weight
  • the polyethylene terephthalate is 10 to 40 parts by weight
  • the obtained plastic alloy has low temperature resistance. The best impact performance, solvent resistance and abrasion resistance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种塑料合金及其制备方法，属于高分子材料技术领域。塑料合金包括下述重量份的组分：聚碳酸酯1～90份，硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯1～90份，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯1～90份，成核剂0.01～3份，增韧剂0～10份，相容剂0～10份。聚碳酸酯/硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的塑料合金综合了聚碳酸酯的刚性、耐热性能，硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯的耐低温冲击性能以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的耐溶剂性能、优良的成型性能以及耐磨性能。并且，通过成核剂对树脂相态结构进行调整，将三种组分的优势性能都保持在较高水平，达到组分优势互补的效果。因此，制得的塑料合金具有优异的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　塑料合金及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种塑料合金及其制备方法，属于高分子材料技术领域。
背景技术
聚碳酸酯(PC)是一种刚韧平衡的工程塑料，在电子电器、轨道交通及航空航天领域应用广泛。但由于其耐磨以及耐溶剂性能较差，而聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)作为结晶材料具有良好的耐溶剂及耐磨性能，因此人们制备PC/PET合金来改善聚碳酸酯耐磨及耐溶剂差的特性，但是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的加入同时也会降低聚碳酸酯的韧性，导致其冲击性能降低，尤其是耐低温冲击性能的下降，制约了PC/PET合金在低温领域的使用。
申请号为201710139597.1的专利申请公开了一种耐热耐溶剂PC/PET改性树脂，其在PC/PET改性树脂中引入含有反应性环氧官能团的高分子相容剂，通过抑制酯交换反应以获得更好的耐热性能，然而，申请号为201710139597.1的专利并未解决PC/PET改性树脂低温韧性下降的问题。
申请号为201310721176.1的专利申请公开了一种PC/PET合金材料及其制备方法，其在PC/PET合金材料中通过引入阻燃剂和有机硅化合物，以获得具有优良的力学性能、耐低温性能、耐磨性能和良好的阻燃性能和抗静电性能的PC/PET合金材料。该申请强调的是在兼具有聚碳酸酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯各自优异性能的同时，具有良好的阻燃性能和抗静电性能。对于PC/PET合金材料的耐低温冲击性能，申请号为201310721176.1的专利中并未解决。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足之处而提供一种能同时耐低温冲击、耐溶剂和耐磨的塑料合金及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种塑料合金，其包括下述重量份的组分：聚碳酸酯(PC)1～90份，硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯1～90份，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)1～90份，成核剂0.01～3份，增韧剂0～10份，相容剂0～10份。
硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯具有良好的耐溶剂性能及耐低温冲击性能，本发明通过硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯的引入提升了PC/PET合金材料的耐溶剂性能及耐低温冲击性能。但多相结构的性能不是单相结构优势性能的简单叠加，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯是结晶材料，聚碳酸酯和硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯是无定型材料，它们的相容性较差，仅仅聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚碳酸酯和硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯组合得到的三元合金韧性仍较低。因此，本发明进一步引入成核剂，改善聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的结晶形态，进而优化聚碳酸酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯合金的相态结构，利于形成更均匀的相形态，充分发挥三元合金各组分的优势，最终得到具有耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂和耐磨性能的塑料合金。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述聚碳酸酯为15～70重量份，所述硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～90重量份，所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为重量10～90份。研究表明，在该特定的配比下，得到的塑料合金的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能均更优异。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的更优选实施方式，所述聚碳酸酯为30～60重量份，所述硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～45重量份，所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为10～40重量份。申请人在大量实验中发现，在该配比条件下，得到的塑料合金的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能最佳。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，如下(a)～(d)中的至少一种：
(a)所述聚碳酸酯为双酚A型芳香族聚碳酸酯，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-60g/10min，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率是根据ISO 1133使用1.2kg重量并在300℃的温度测量；
(b)所述成核剂为滑石粉、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、一元羧酸的金属盐、安息香酸的金属盐、芳香族羟基磺酸盐、有机磷化合物的金属盐、聚合物粒子、聚酯齐聚物的碱金属盐中的至少一种；
(c)所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物、马来酸酐功能化的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸类增韧剂(例如丙烯酸酯为壳、橡胶粒子为核的增韧剂)、有机硅橡胶接枝物中的至少一种；
(d)所述相容剂为甲基丙烯酸酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐无规共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯腈-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中的至少一种。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-25g/10min；所述一元羧酸的金属盐为一元羧酸的钠盐、锂盐、钡盐、镁盐、钾盐或钙盐；所述安息香酸的金属盐为安息香酸的钠盐、钾盐或钙盐；所述有机磷化合物的金属盐为有机磷化合物的镁盐或锌盐。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述成核剂为滑石粉或一元羧酸的钠盐。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-12g/10min。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述塑料合金还包括抗氧剂、润滑剂、紫外线吸收剂中的至少一种。这些助剂的加入能使本发明塑料合金的综合性能更好。例如，抗氧剂能提高塑料合金的抗氧化性能。当然，助剂并不限于这几种，本领域的技术人员可根据塑料合金的不同，选择不同种类的助剂。例如，如果要提高塑料合金的稳定性，还可加入稳定剂。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的优选实施方式，所述抗氧剂为0.1～1重量份，所述润滑剂为0.1～2重量份，所述紫外线吸收剂为0.05～1重量份。
另外，本发明提供了上述塑料合金的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按比例称取塑料合金中的各组分，并投入高混机中，充分混合均匀，得到混合物；
(2)将步骤(1)所得混合物加入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，得到所述塑料合金。
作为本发明所述塑料合金的制备方法的优选实施方式，所述步骤(2)中，双螺杆挤出机的各区的温度为200-270℃，喂料速度为15-40kg/h，螺杆的转速为150-450r/min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供了一种聚碳酸酯/硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的塑料合金，该塑料合金综合了聚碳酸酯的刚性、耐热性能，硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯的耐低温冲击性能以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的耐溶剂性能、优良的成型性能以及耐磨性能。并且，本发明通过成核剂对树脂相态结构进行调整，将三种组分的优势性能都保持在较高水平，达到组分优势互补的效果。因此，本发明制得的塑料合金具有优异的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点，下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
下述实施例中，聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率是根据ISO 1133使用1.2kg重量并在300℃的温度测量。
实施例1
本发明塑料合金的一种实施例，本实施例所述塑料合金的组成组分如表1所示。
本实施例所述塑料合金的制备方法为：
(1)按比例称取塑料合金中的各组分，并投入高混机中，充分混合均匀，得到混合物；
(2)将步骤(1)所得混合物加入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，得到所述塑料合金；其中，双螺杆挤出机的各区的温度为200-270℃，喂料速度为15-40kg/h，螺杆的转速为150-450r/min。
实施例2～8
实施例2～8所述塑料合金的组成组分均如表1所示，实施例2～8所述塑料合金的制备方法均同实施例1。
同时，测试实施例1～8所述塑料合金的下列性能：-40℃缺口冲击强度、-40℃杜邦冲击强度、耐溶剂性能(冰醋酸)、干态耐磨性能、湿态耐磨性能。其中，各性能的测试方法为：
-40℃缺口冲击：参考标准ISO 180；
-40℃杜邦冲击：将100mm×100mm×2mm的方板在-40℃低温冷冻箱中冷却6h，迅速取出进行低温杜邦冲击；杜邦冲击规格重锤为2kg，冲击锥头半径为1/8in；
耐溶剂性能：将ISO拉伸样条固定在曲率为1的曲面夹具上，在样条中间部位刷对应溶剂，观察裂纹形成贯穿裂纹或者断裂的时间；
干态耐磨性能：用摩擦色牢仪在干态下对皮纹板进行5000次循环测试，然后用光泽度仪(60°)表征摩擦前后光泽度差值，表征样板在干态下的耐磨情况；
湿态耐磨性能：用摩擦色牢仪在湿态(乙醇)下对皮纹板进行5000次循环测试，然后用光泽度仪(60°)表征摩擦前后光泽度差值，表征样板在湿态下的耐磨情况。
实施例1～8所述塑料合金性能测试结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019099532-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019099532-appb-000002
由表1可见，本发明制得的塑料合金具有优异的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能。
效果例1
本发明塑料合金中聚碳酸酯、硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的重量份影响该塑料合金的性能，为考察这三者的重量份对塑料合金的性能的影响，申请人按照实施例1的方法制备了试验组1～8的塑料合金，并按照上述实施例1～8所述塑料合金的性能的测试方法，测试了本效果例各试验组塑料合金的性能。
本效果例中，试验组1～8塑料合金的组成以及性能测试结果如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2019099532-appb-000003
表2中，所述聚碳酸酯为双酚A型芳香族聚碳酸酯，聚碳酸酯的熔体质量 流动速率为3-60g/10min；所述成核剂为滑石粉、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、一元羧酸的金属盐、安息香酸的金属盐、芳香族羟基磺酸盐、有机磷化合物的金属盐、聚合物粒子、聚酯齐聚物的碱金属盐中的至少一种。并且，各试验组塑料合金除聚碳酸酯、硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的重量份不同之外，其他均相同。
由表2可见，本发明塑料合金中，聚碳酸酯为15～70重量份、硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～90重量份且聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为重量10～90份时，得到的塑料合金的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能均更优异。尤其当聚碳酸酯为30～60重量份、硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～45重量份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为10～40重量份时，得到的塑料合金的耐低温冲击性能、耐溶剂性能和耐磨性能最佳。
最后所应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种塑料合金，其特征在于，包括下述重量份的组分：聚碳酸酯1～90份，硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯1～90份，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯1～90份，成核剂0.01～3份，增韧剂0～10份，相容剂0～10份。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，所述聚碳酸酯为15～70重量份，所述硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～90重量份，所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为重量10～90份。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，所述聚碳酸酯为30～60重量份，所述硅氧烷共聚聚碳酸酯为15～45重量份，所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为10～40重量份。
  4. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，如下(a)～(d)中的至少一种：
    (a)所述聚碳酸酯为双酚A型芳香族聚碳酸酯，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-60g/10min，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率是根据ISO 1133使用1.2kg重量并在300℃的温度测量；
    (b)所述成核剂为滑石粉、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、一元羧酸的金属盐、安息香酸的金属盐、芳香族羟基磺酸盐、有机磷化合物的金属盐、聚合物粒子、聚酯齐聚物的碱金属盐中的至少一种；
    (c)所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物、马来酸酐功能化的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸类增韧剂、有机硅橡胶接枝物中的至少一种；
    (d)所述相容剂为甲基丙烯酸酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐无规共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯腈-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-25g/10min；所述一元羧酸的金属盐为一元羧酸的钠盐、锂盐、钡盐、镁盐、钾盐或钙盐；所述安息香酸的金属盐为安息香酸的钠盐、钾盐或钙 盐；所述有机磷化合物的金属盐为有机磷化合物的镁盐或锌盐。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，所述聚碳酸酯的熔体质量流动速率为3-12g/10min。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，还包括抗氧剂、润滑剂、紫外线吸收剂中的至少一种。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的塑料合金，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为0.1～1重量份，所述润滑剂为0.1～2重量份，所述紫外线吸收剂为0.05～1重量份。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一项所述塑料合金的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)按比例称取塑料合金中的各组分，并投入高混机中，充分混合均匀，得到混合物；
    (2)将步骤(1)所得混合物加入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，得到所述塑料合金。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的塑料合金的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中，双螺杆挤出机的各区的温度为200-270℃，喂料速度为15-40kg/h，螺杆的转速为150-450r/min。
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