WO2020036059A1 - 鉛筆芯 - Google Patents
鉛筆芯 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020036059A1 WO2020036059A1 PCT/JP2019/029866 JP2019029866W WO2020036059A1 WO 2020036059 A1 WO2020036059 A1 WO 2020036059A1 JP 2019029866 W JP2019029866 W JP 2019029866W WO 2020036059 A1 WO2020036059 A1 WO 2020036059A1
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- component
- impregnating
- weight
- pencil lead
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K19/00—Non-propelling pencils; Styles; Crayons; Chalks
- B43K19/16—Making non-propelling pencils
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K19/00—Non-propelling pencils; Styles; Crayons; Chalks
- B43K19/02—Pencils with graphite; Coloured pencils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D13/00—Pencil-leads; Crayon compositions; Chalk compositions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a pencil lead containing at least a coloring component and an organic binder, and having an impregnating component in pores of a fired lead obtained by heat treatment.
- a pencil lead is made of a coloring component such as graphite or boron nitride, a body material such as talc, a vinyl chloride resin, a vinylidene chloride resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a chlorinated ethylene resin, a vinyl alcohol resin, an acrylamide resin, and a chlorinated paraffin.
- Organic binder such as phenolic resin, furan resin, urea resin, carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, and butyl rubber, and inorganic binder such as clay are used as main materials, and plasticizers such as phthalate are used as necessary.
- Solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone and water, stabilizers such as stearates, lubricants such as stearic acid, fillers such as carbon black, etc. are used in combination, and these raw materials are dispersed, mixed, kneaded, and formed into a fine line shape. Thereafter, heat treatment is appropriately performed to a firing temperature.
- the core after firing (fired core) has pores where the decomposition products such as organic binders, inorganic binders, plasticizers, and solvents are present. Because of the dispersion, it is considered that the fired core body has a large number of relatively uniform and uniform pores.
- the pencil lead becomes a writing line by the formation of a transfer film on the paper surface due to cohesive wear caused by sliding friction with paper.
- this writing line only has abrasion powder containing coloring components such as graphite generated by cohesive wear on the paper surface, when it is rubbed with another paper or hand, the coloring of the graphite etc. will occur. The components move easily and stain the paper surface.
- the impregnating component having a high kinematic viscosity disclosed in Patent Document 1 improves the fixing property of the writing line, the erasability by the eraser is deteriorated, and the core body is hardly worn, so that the impregnation of the pencil lead is impregnated.
- a low kinematic viscosity impregnating component such as liquid paraffin or silicone oil is used as a component
- the concentration of the writing line is reduced.
- the writing line density can be higher, but a soft pencil lead generally has another problem that the bending strength is low and it is easy to break during writing. would.
- the fatty acid ester having a large polarity and a small molecular weight shown in Patent Literature 2 chemically reacts with a synthetic resin used in a refill container or a lead tank of a mechanical pencil, and causes cracks and cracks.
- the impregnated component absorbs moisture, which may fog the inside of the container during storage and cause malfunction in the case, so that further improvement is required as a product.
- the IOB value is determined when the total number of values determined for a specific group in the chemical structure is defined as an inorganic value, and this value is multiplied by 20 in the chemical structure to obtain a specific branch. It is a value obtained by dividing the inorganic value by the organic value, and the inorganic value of the carboxyl group, which is an inorganic group, is determined to be 150 per carboxyl group.
- the organic value is quantified as 20 per carbon.
- the IOB value serves as an index indicating the strength of the polarity occupied in the molecule, and the IOB value ⁇ 10 can be approximated to the HLB value, and thus serves as a guide for determining hydrophilicity and lipophilicity.
- Some embodiments of the present invention provide a highly reliable pencil lead that can obtain a dark writing line, suppresses the movement of abrasion powder when the writing line is rubbed, and reduces stains on the paper surface. With the goal.
- some embodiments of the present invention include a compound represented by the following general formula (Chemical Formula 1) in pores of a calcined core obtained by heat treatment, containing at least a coloring component and an organic binder.
- the gist of the present invention is a pencil lead having an impregnating component to be contained.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) is a liquid non-drying oil at a normal temperature of 5 to 35 ° C. (JIS Z 8703) because the carbon chain of the main chain contains an unsaturated bond. Hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, and carbon dangling bonds generated by the decomposition and recombination of graphite particles and resin during heat treatment because they are easily impregnated into the pores and linked by polar ester bonds. It is also easy to be adsorbed on a solid surface such as a resin carbide surface having a plurality of reactive functional groups. Therefore, by using the impregnating component containing the compound, the compound represented by the above general formula (Formula 1) exists between the particles as a lubricating film, and promotes cohesive wear of the core body. Can be obtained.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) present on the surface of the abrasion powder as a writing line has a polar portion such as a main chain ester and a double bond, a terminal hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group.
- a polar portion such as a main chain ester and a double bond
- a terminal hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group.
- the carbon chain which becomes a side chain in the compound represented by the general formula (Chemical Formula 1) is efficiently anchored to the rough surface of the wear powder by an anchor effect. It is inferred that the abrasion powder hardly moves even when the abrasion powder is firmly tied to the paper surface and rubbed.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) used in some embodiments of the present invention is a dehydrated condensate of ricinoleic acid obtained by hydrolyzing and further condensing a raw material of castor oil ( Other names: dehydration condensate of ricinoleic acid, dehydration condensate of 12-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid).
- ricinoleic acid Non-patent documents: Masataka Kajikawa, Tatsuki Abe, Kentaro Ifuku, Ken-ichi Kofu, Ayano, Tokyo, Japan
- ricinoleic acid produced using hornwort, which Fukuzawa et al.
- K-PON # 402 series manufactured by Kokura Gosei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- K-PON # 402 manufactured by Kokura Gosei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- K-PON # 402 manufactured by Kokura Gosei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- K-PON # 403-S K-PON # 403-S
- K-PON # 403-S K-PON # 403-S.
- Dehydration condensation of ricinoleic acid such as PON 404-S, K-PON 405-S, K-PON 406-S and PCF-90, PCF-45, PCF-30 of MINERASOLSOPCF series (manufactured by Ito Oil Co., Ltd.) Things.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) has a dimer to hexamer (condensation degree in terms of acid value) of 400 mPa ⁇ s to 1800 mPa ⁇ s (25 ° C.) as a component impregnated in a pencil lead. Is preferred because it has a relatively high viscosity, is expected to have the effect of physically inhibiting the movement of abrasion powder, and is relatively easy to impregnate the fired core. Is also particularly preferable because it is relatively high. Further, in the case of exceeding 6-mer, the effect of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved by impregnating the fired core body using a known technique such as so-called pressure impregnation at high temperature and high pressure. can get.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (Formula 1) can be used alone, but can also be used in combination with other components. For example, conventionally known ⁇ -olefin oligomers, liquid paraffin and the like can be mentioned.
- the concentration of the compound represented by the above general formula (Formula 1) in the impregnating component is preferably 50% by weight or more based on the total amount of the impregnating component.
- the impregnating amount (impregnation rate) of the impregnating component containing the compound represented by the general formula (Chemical Formula 1) is preferably from 10% by weight to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the pencil lead.
- the content is less than 10% by weight, the amount of the impregnated component adsorbed on the surface of the resin carbide and the like in the fired core becomes small, and as a result, the effect as a lubricating film is reduced and the cohesive wear of the core is suppressed. Handwriting cannot be obtained.
- the content exceeds 30% by weight, the amount of the impregnating component in the fired core increases, and the writing line is hardly erased.
- the fired core body impregnated with the impregnating component may be used in combination with other conventionally known coloring components, extenders, organic binders, plasticizers, solvents, aggregates, stabilizers, fillers, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- coloring component examples include graphite such as flaky graphite, flaky graphite, soil graphite and artificial graphite, and inorganic particles such as boron nitride and synthetic mica.
- extender examples include talc, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and fibrous potassium titanate.
- Organic binders include polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated paraffin, furan resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, urea resin, melamine resin, polyester, styrene
- synthetic resins such as humbutadiene copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylamide, and butyl rubber, and natural resins such as lignin, cellulose, tragacanth gum, and gum arabic.
- plasticizer examples include dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl adipate, diallyl isophthalate, tricresyl phosphate, and dioctyl adipate.
- solvent examples include ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, alcohols such as ethanol, and water.
- lubricant examples include fatty acids such as stearic acid and behenic acid, fatty acid amides, and stearic acid.
- Stabilizers include stearates, organotins, barium-zincs, calcium-zincs and the like.
- the filler examples include metals such as iron, aluminum, titanium, and zinc and alloys thereof, and oxides and metal nitrides of these metals and alloys, silicon dioxide (silica), carbon black, and fullerene.
- metals such as iron, aluminum, titanium, and zinc and alloys thereof, and oxides and metal nitrides of these metals and alloys, silicon dioxide (silica), carbon black, and fullerene.
- silicon dioxide silicon dioxide
- fullerene fullerene.
- these fillers those having a spherical, amorphous, granular, needle-like, fibrous, or plate-like shape can be appropriately used.
- a method of impregnating the impregnating component into the fired core a method of impregnating the fired core by immersing it in a heated impregnating component can be adopted.
- the impregnating speed can be increased.
- the impregnation rate can be increased, but the impregnated component tends to deteriorate faster, such as thermal oxidation of the impregnated component and hydrolysis by moisture in the air. It is necessary to devise such measures as shutting off air and moisture.
- the fired core impregnated with the impregnating component may be used as a pencil lead by removing excess impregnating component on the surface of the core using a centrifuge or the like.
- a core containing at least a coloring component and an organic binder is heat-treated, and the compound represented by the general formula (Formula 1) is contained in pores of the obtained fired core.
- a pencil lead characterized by having an impregnating component containing Here, the "fired core” is obtained through a heat treatment called "calcination".
- various conventionally known mechanical pencils can be used.
- the tip of the tip member retreats in a state in which the tip surface is rubbed against the paper surface with wear of the core, thereby preventing the core from breaking at the time of writing.
- the so-called pipe-sliding mechanical pencil is effective for protecting the pencil lead obtained according to some embodiments of the present invention, and because the tip surface of the tip member presses the wear powder against the paper surface, the wear powder is applied to the paper surface. Is further improved.
- the average particle diameter of the graphite of the compounding material is a volume average diameter measured by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer SALD-7000 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Further, the pore volume of the calcined core was measured using a specific surface area / pore distribution measuring apparatus BELSORP-miniII (manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.) by a constant volume gas adsorption method. The data on the adsorption side of the adsorption isotherm was calculated by the BJH method. The IOB value of the impregnated component was calculated from a molecular formula.
- the viscosity was measured by using a rheometer of a modular compact rheometer MCR302 (manufactured by Anton Paar Japan KK) at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C and a geometry of 1 ° / ⁇ 50 mm. did.
- the impregnation rate was obtained by (YX) / Y as a percentage (% by weight), where X is the weight of the fired core before impregnation, and Y is the weight of the pencil core after impregnation.
- the sintering treatment was performed to obtain a sintering core A having an actual diameter of 0.57 mm.
- the pore volume was 0.18 cm 3 / g.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnation component was 16.5% by weight.
- Example 2 ⁇ Example 2>
- K-PON 402 was used instead of the impregnating component
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 16.7% by weight.
- Example 7 The impregnated component (K-PON 402 (described above)) heated to 150 ° C. was impregnated with the impregnated component (K-PON 402 (described above)) under pressure of 2 MPa for 16 hours, and then subjected to centrifugal separation. A pencil lead was obtained by removing the impregnated components. The impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 14.0% by weight.
- Example 8> A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the impregnating component was changed to K-PON 402 and K-PON 404-S (described above) was used. The impregnation rate of the impregnation component was 13.8% by weight.
- Example 9 A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that K-PON 402 was used instead of K-PON 402 as the impregnating component.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 13.5% by weight.
- Example 10 A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that PCF-90 (described above) was used instead of K-PON 402 as the impregnating component.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 14.2% by weight.
- Example 11 A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that PCF-45 (described above) was used instead of K-PON 402 as the impregnating component.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 13.5% by weight.
- Example 12 A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the impregnating component was changed to K-PON 402 and PCF-30 (described above) was used. The impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 13.3% by weight.
- Example 1 ⁇ Comparative Example 1>
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 17.6% by weight.
- Example 2 ⁇ Comparative Example 2>
- a pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (1) was used.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnation component was 18.3% by weight.
- Example 3 ⁇ Comparative Example 3>
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 16.7% by weight.
- Example 6 K-PON 402 was used as the impregnating component, and Nisseki Polybutene SV-7000 (polybutene, manufactured by JXTG Energy Co., Ltd.) and Synceran 4SP ( ⁇ -olefin oligomer, manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.) were used.
- the impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 15.7% by weight.
- Example 7 a mixture in which Nisseki polybutene SV-7000 (described above) and Synceran 4SP (described above) were mixed at a 1: 1 (weight ratio) by changing the impregnating component to K-PON 402 (described above). A pencil lead was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except for using. The impregnation rate of the impregnating component was 10.9% by weight.
- Reactivity test method with resin container The reactivity test with the resin container was carried out by using an acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer (AS resin) refill core container (STEIN refill core container, manufactured by Pentel Co., Ltd.) and conducting Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 14. 40 pencil leads obtained in the above were placed, placed on a stainless steel plate, allowed to stand in a thermostat adjusted to 60 ° C. for 16 hours, taken out, allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour, and then adjusted to ⁇ 30 ° C. The change of the refill container after the cooling / heating cycle test in which the container was allowed to stand in a thermostat for 16 hours was repeated twice was visually evaluated.
- AS resin acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer
- Table 1 shows the test results (evaluation results) of the pencil cores (Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7) in which the impregnating component was impregnated in the fired core A.
- the pencil cores of Examples 1 to 6 can provide a pencil core with a thicker handwriting line and less dirt on the paper surface than the pencil cores of Comparative Examples 1 to 7. It is.
- Example 1 the degree of condensation of the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) used as the impregnating component is different (Example 1 is a dimer, Example 2 is a tetramer, 3 is a hexamer), the higher the degree of condensation, the larger the molecular weight and the higher the viscosity.
- the impregnating component is a compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1), it is affected by the viscosity and the IOB value. There is no decrease in writing density, and there is little dirt on the paper surface.
- Example 4 uses a different impregnating component from that of Example 1 but has a slightly higher viscosity. However, if the compound is represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1), the writing density may decrease. No dirt on the paper.
- Example 5 although the impregnating component used by a different manufacturer from that in Example 2 was used, the viscosity was slightly increased, but the compound represented by the above general formula (Formula 1) also reduced the writing concentration. No dirt on the paper.
- Example 6 although the impregnating component used by a different manufacturer from that of Example 3 was used, the viscosity was slightly increased, but the compound represented by the above general formula (Formula 1) also reduced the writing concentration. No dirt on the paper.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have higher writing densities than Examples 1 to 6, but have more dirt on the paper surface (lower fixing rate). On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 3 to 7, the soil on the paper surface was large and the writing density was low, and it cannot be said that the above-mentioned problems were solved.
- the impregnating component was obtained by replacing the terminal carboxyl group of the hexamer of the compound represented by the general formula (Formula 1) with a glyceryl-modified glycerin ester. It is presumed that, because there is no paper, the interaction with the functional group on the paper surface was insufficient, and the dirt on the paper surface was not reduced.
- the impregnating component (12-hydroxystearic acid) was a saturated fatty acid having no unsaturated bond in the impregnating component (ricinoleic acid) of Comparative Example 1, and the core was abraded at room temperature solid. It has a thin writing line (writing density).
- the impregnating component is a dehydration condensate of the impregnating component (12-hydroxystearic acid) of Comparative Example 3, and is a substance having no unsaturated bond of the compound represented by the general formula (Formula 1).
- the molecules are easily accessible and the interaction between the molecules is larger than that of the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1) in which the movement of the molecules is restricted by cis-type unsaturated bonds in the molecules, It is presumed that the wear of the core during writing was inhibited, and the writing density was lowered.
- Comparative Example 5 uses purified castor oil (ricinoleic acid triglyceride), which is a raw material of the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1), but has lubricating properties due to uneven distribution of ester bonds in the molecule. It is presumed that the effect was lower than that of the compound represented by the above general formula (Chemical Formula 1), the wear of the core was inhibited, and the writing density was reduced.
- castor oil ricinoleic acid triglyceride
- Comparative Example 6 is a pencil lead obtained by adjusting a saturated hydrocarbon impregnating component having a high kinematic viscosity (the impregnating component described in Patent Literature 1) to a viscosity equivalent to that of Example 3 and using the same.
- the impregnated component of Comparative Example 6 has a linear region in the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement (frequency 1 Hz, measurement temperature 25 ° C.) with a rheometer (modular compact rheometer MCR302 (manufactured by Anton Paar Japan KK)).
- Comparative Example 7 is a pencil lead using a fatty acid ester having a large polarity as the impregnating component (the impregnating component described in Patent Document 2).
- the pencil lead has a small carbon chain and a large polarity.
- the impregnating component erodes the acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer of the refill container and causes cracks.
- Table 2 shows the test results (evaluation results) of the pencil cores (Examples 7 to 12 and Comparative Examples 8 to 14) in which the impregnating component was impregnated in the fired core B.
- the pencil cores of Examples 7 to 12 can obtain a pencil core with a thicker handwriting line and less dirt on the paper surface than the pencil cores of Comparative Examples 8 to 14. .
- the impregnating component is represented by the above-mentioned general formula (Chemical Formula 1) even if the calcined core (the calcined core A and the calcined core B) impregnated with the compound represented by the general formula (Chemical Formula 1) is changed. If the compound is used, even if the amount of abrasion of the pencil lead differs, a pencil lead with a thick handwriting line and less stain on the paper surface can be obtained.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明のいくつかの実施形態は、少なくとも着色成分と、有機結合材とを含有した芯体を熱処理し、得られた焼成芯体の気孔中に、上記一般式(化1)で示される化合物を含有する含浸成分を有することを特徴とする鉛筆芯を要旨としている。ここで、「焼成芯体」は「焼成」という熱処理を経て得られるものであるところ、一般に、合成樹脂や天然樹脂などの有機物(有機結合材)を含む組成物を焼成温度にまで熱処理すると、樹脂分子が、黒鉛などの着色成分と複雑に絡み合った状態で有機物の分解や縮合が不規則に起こり、芯体全体として複雑に体積収縮するので、熱処理後の芯体(焼成芯体)の骨格構造は微細な部分できわめて複雑なものとなり、熱処理後の個々の組成物の結合の程度や大きさなども様々であり、上記効果との関連が優位となる体系化された測定、解析を行うことは、現実的ではない回数の実験等を行うことを要するものであって、当該物をその構造又は特性により直接特定することが不可能又はおよそ非実際的である事情が存在すると考えられる。
鱗片状黒鉛(着色成分:体積平均径15μm) 45重量部
ポリ塩化ビニル(有機結合材) 24重量部
カーボンブラック(充填材) 1重量部
ステアリン酸塩(安定剤) 1.5重量部
ステアリン酸(滑剤) 0.5重量部
フタル酸ジオクチル(可塑剤) 18重量部
メチルエチルケトン(溶剤) 15重量部
上記材料をヘンシェルミキサーによる分散混合処理、3本ロールによる混合処理をした後、単軸押出機にて細線状に押出成形し、空気中で室温から350℃まで約10時間かけて昇温し、350℃で約1時間保持する加熱処理を実施し、さらに、密閉容器内で1100℃を最高とする焼成処理を施し、実寸直径0.57mmの焼成芯体Aを得た。細孔容積は0.18cm3/gであった。
鱗片状黒鉛(着色成分:体積平均径15μm) 33重量部
ポリ塩化ビニル(有機結合材) 23重量部
カーボンブラック(充填材) 1重量部
ステアリン酸塩(安定剤) 1.5重量部
ステアリン酸(滑剤) 0.5重量部
フタル酸ジオクチル(可塑剤) 15重量部
メチルエチルケトン(溶剤) 15重量部
上記材料をヘンシェルミキサーによる分散混合処理、3本ロールによる混合処理をした後、単軸押出機にて細線状に押出成形し、空気中で室温から350℃まで約10時間かけて昇温し、350℃で約1時間保持する加熱処理を実施し、さらに、密閉容器内で1100℃を最高とする焼成処理を施し、実寸直径0.57mmの焼成芯体Bを得た。細孔容積は0.13cm3/gであった。
上記の焼成芯体Aを、120℃に加熱した含浸成分(K-PON 402、上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=2)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.45、粘度520mPa・s)に16時間浸漬後、遠心分離機にかけて表面上の余分な含浸成分を除去することで鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.5重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 404-S(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=4)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.31、粘度1068mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.7重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 406-S(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=6)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.27、粘度1589mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.2重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-90(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=2)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、伊藤製油(株)製、IOB値=0.45、粘度580mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.2重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-45(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=4)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、伊藤製油(株)製、IOB値=0.31、粘度1162mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.5重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-30(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物(n=6)、リシノレイン酸の脱水縮合物、伊藤製油(株)製、IOB値=0.27、粘度1782mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.5重量%であった。
上記の焼成芯体Bに、150℃に加熱した含浸成分(K-PON 402(前出))を16時間かけて、2MPaの条件で加圧含浸した後、遠心分離機にかけて表面上の余分な含浸成分を除去することで鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、14.0重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 404-S(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、13.8重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 406-S(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、13.5重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-90(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、14.2重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-45(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、13.5重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、PCF-30(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、13.3重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、リシノレイン酸(上記一般式(化1)にて示される化合物の縮合前の物質(n=1)、和光純薬工業(株)製、IOB値=0.72、粘度342mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、17.6重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 406-G(重縮合ひまし油脂肪酸のグリセリンエステル、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.29、粘度1574mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、18.3重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、加熱溶解した12-ヒドロ酸(12-ヒドロキシステアリン酸、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.71、常温固体(融点77℃))を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.7重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 306(12-ヒドロキシオクタデカン酸重縮合物、小倉合成工業(株)製、IOB値=0.26、粘度3006mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.5重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、ヒマシ油 マル特A(リシノール酸トリグリセリド、伊藤製油(株)製、IOB値=0.43、粘度696mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、17.2重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、日石ポリブテンSV-7000(ポリブテン、JXTGエネルギー(株)製)とシンセラン4SP(α-オレフィンオリゴマー、日光ケミカルズ(株)製)とを1:1(重量比)で混合した混合物、IOB値=0、粘度1430mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、15.7重量%であった。
実施例1において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、NIKKOL Sefsol-218(モノカプリル酸プロピレングリコール、日光ケミカルズ(株)製、IOB値=0.73、粘度12.5mPa・s)を使用した他は、実施例1と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、16.5重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、リシノレイン酸(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、15.0重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 406-G(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、14.8重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、加熱溶解した12-ヒドロ酸(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、12.8重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、K-PON 306(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、11.7重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、ヒマシ油 マル特A(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、13.0重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、日石ポリブテンSV-7000(前出)とシンセラン4SP(前出)とを1:1(重量比)で混合した混合物(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、10.9重量%であった。
実施例7において、含浸成分をK-PON 402に変えて、NIKKOL Sefsol-218(前出)を使用した他は、実施例7と同様にして鉛筆芯を得た。含浸成分の含浸率は、12.7重量%であった。
筆記濃度試験は、JIS S 6005に準じて実施した。
擦過に対する定着性は、筆記濃度試験で画線した筆記部の濃度をAとし、前記筆記部を垂直500g荷重でティッシュペーパーで10往復する一定条件で擦り、前記筆記部外の汚れたところの濃度をBとしたときの、((A-B)/A)を百分率で求めた。値が大きい程、擦過に対して筆記線の定着性がよく、汚れ難いといえる。
樹脂製容器との反応性試験は、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合体(AS樹脂)製替芯容器(STEIN替芯用容器、ぺんてる(株)製)へ、実施例1~12及び比較例1~14で得られた鉛筆芯を40本入れて、ステンレス板上に置き、60℃に調整した恒温槽内に16時間静置後、取り出して室温で1時間静置し、次いで-30℃に調整した恒温槽内に16時間静置する冷熱サイクル試験を2回繰り返した後の前記替芯容器の変化を目視にて評価した。
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JPH0959556A (ja) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-04 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 非消去性鉛筆芯 |
JPH1036747A (ja) * | 1996-07-18 | 1998-02-10 | Pilot Precision Co Ltd | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2005314620A (ja) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | Pentel Corp | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2007031589A (ja) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Pentel Corp | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2007246605A (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-27 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 鉛筆芯及びその製造方法 |
JP2009062443A (ja) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-26 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 多層芯体及びその製造方法 |
JP2017115088A (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社トンボ鉛筆 | 鉛筆芯 |
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GB1024707A (en) * | 1963-03-11 | 1966-04-06 | Hassenfeld Bros Inc | Improvements in or relating to writting elements for pencils |
DE2444557A1 (de) * | 1974-09-18 | 1976-04-01 | Pelikan Werke Wagner Guenther | Calcium-carbonat-kreide und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
CN100506426C (zh) * | 2006-07-10 | 2009-07-01 | 旭有机材工业株式会社 | 铸型用有机粘结剂、型砂组合物及铸型 |
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JPH0959556A (ja) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-04 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 非消去性鉛筆芯 |
JPH1036747A (ja) * | 1996-07-18 | 1998-02-10 | Pilot Precision Co Ltd | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2005314620A (ja) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | Pentel Corp | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2007031589A (ja) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Pentel Corp | 鉛筆芯 |
JP2007246605A (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-27 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 鉛筆芯及びその製造方法 |
JP2009062443A (ja) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-26 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 多層芯体及びその製造方法 |
JP2017115088A (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社トンボ鉛筆 | 鉛筆芯 |
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