WO2020003381A1 - ボイスコイル振動板 - Google Patents
ボイスコイル振動板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020003381A1 WO2020003381A1 PCT/JP2018/024208 JP2018024208W WO2020003381A1 WO 2020003381 A1 WO2020003381 A1 WO 2020003381A1 JP 2018024208 W JP2018024208 W JP 2018024208W WO 2020003381 A1 WO2020003381 A1 WO 2020003381A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voice coil
- winding
- coil diaphragm
- conductor
- diaphragm
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
- H04R9/046—Construction
- H04R9/047—Construction in which the windings of the moving coil lay in the same plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
- H04R9/045—Mounting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a voice coil diaphragm applied to an electroacoustic transducer such as a speaker, headphone, earphone, or the like that converts an electric signal into sound, or a microphone or a sound wave sensor that converts a received sound into an electric signal.
- an electroacoustic transducer such as a speaker, headphone, earphone, or the like that converts an electric signal into sound, or a microphone or a sound wave sensor that converts a received sound into an electric signal.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a speaker in which a conductor (conductive portion) is wound and a planar voice coil diaphragm is used.
- a conductor that generates vibration is a driving unit, and is also a diaphragm. Therefore, in principle, it is possible for the vibration generated in each part of the conductor to be directly emitted as sound without propagating to other parts.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a principle of operation of a part of a speaker (an example of an electroacoustic transducer) 10Z employing a circular voice coil diaphragm as described in Patent Document 1.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20Z used in the speaker 10Z has a conductor 31z in a wound state provided on a sheet-like support 40z with a gap 33z provided therebetween, and the conductor 31z that generates driving force and the support 40z are integrated. It has become.
- FIG. 18 shows a part of a cross section of the speaker 10Z cut along the radial direction of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z, and the conductor 31z is insulated by being provided with a gap 33z and wound.
- the upward direction and the downward direction in FIG. 18 are the forward direction and the backward direction of the electroacoustic transducer 10Z (the voice coil diaphragm 20Z), respectively.
- Symbol x indicates the width direction of conductor 31z parallel to the surface of voice coil diaphragm 20Z (radial direction of voice coil diaphragm 20Z), and y is perpendicular to the surface of voice coil diaphragm 20Z.
- the vibration direction of the conductor 31z (the axial direction (front-back direction) of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z) is shown.
- a disk-shaped magnet plate 60Z is installed so as to face each other.
- the plurality of magnet plates 60Z are arranged on concentric circles so as to be parallel to each other. It is composed of a band-shaped magnet 65z.
- each of the band-shaped magnets 65z is magnetized in the axial direction (y-direction), and one magnetized in the axial direction and the forward direction and one magnetized in the axial direction and the rearward direction are arranged in the radial direction of the magnet plate 60Z. Are arranged alternately.
- Reference numeral 85z denotes a rear frame formed of a non-magnetic material and supporting the magnet plate 60Z from behind.
- the speaker 10Z using the voice coil diaphragm 20Z has a structure in which the conductor 31z is arranged over almost the entire area of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z, almost the entire surface of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z is driven in phase, and thus the speaker 10Z is excellent. It has the characteristic that a suitable transient characteristic can be obtained.
- the conductor 31z is provided with a gap 33z in the radial direction (x direction) of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z, but since the movable portion 42z of the support 40z does not face the conductor 31z, The rigidity (stiffness) of the movable portion 42z is lower than the rigidity of the other region (joint support portion 43z) of the support 40z.
- the conductor 31z can be displaced in the y direction (hereinafter, referred to as longitudinal displacement), and can vibrate in the original vibration direction (perpendicular to the surface of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z). Has become.
- the conductor 31z is also displaced in the x direction which is the width direction of the conductor 31z (radial direction of the voice coil diaphragm 20Z) (hereinafter, referred to as width direction displacement).
- width direction displacement the vibration of the conductor 31z becomes complicated and causes a large cause of abnormal vibration called flapping.
- the conductor 31z needs to be arranged in accordance with the direction of the magnetic field of many band-shaped magnets 65z constituting the magnet plate 60Z, and it is necessary to reverse the winding direction. Become. Accordingly, the conductors 31z cannot be arranged at equal intervals on the voice coil diaphragm 20Z (on the support 40z), nor can they be arranged axially symmetrically. As a result, in the voice coil diaphragm 20Z, the driving force of the conductor 31z and the rigidity of the movable portion 42z are not uniform and are not axially symmetric, which also leads to the occurrence of abnormal vibration.
- the present inventor has conducted intensive research, developed a new electroacoustic transducer disclosed in Patent Document 2, and obtained a patent.
- a strong magnetic field can be distributed over a wide range by a new magnetic field generation structure, and since there is no area where conductors cannot be arranged, the entire voice coil diaphragm is covered.
- the conductors can be arranged uniformly, and there is no reversal of the winding direction.
- the present inventor has developed a method of manufacturing a voice coil diaphragm in which conductors are closely attached while insulated while insulated, and applied for patent document 3.
- a voice coil diaphragm having a large area can be adopted, and a speaker that can reproduce the mid-range and low-frequency range in which abnormal vibration hardly occurs is realized. That is, a speaker employing a voice coil diaphragm over all bands can be realized.
- the inventor has established a technique for simplifying the configuration of the magnet plate through repeated improvements, and has also obtained the patent right of Patent Document 4. Furthermore, the present inventor has also developed a method for improving the utilization efficiency of magnets by employing a three-dimensional voice coil vibrator having a vibrating surface inclined or perpendicular to the surface of the magnet plate. And applied for patent document 5.
- the present inventor has solved the problem such as abnormal vibration of the speaker over the entire band by adopting the voice coil diaphragm which is closely bonded while insulating the conductor.
- the voice coil diaphragm which is closely bonded while insulating the conductor.
- it is difficult to propagate the vibration generated by the conductor to other parts. I needed to. That is, it is necessary to reduce the restraint on the vibration of the conductor so that each part (conductor) of the coil body can vibrate independently (without affecting the surroundings).
- the voice coil diaphragm has a low rigidity throughout and has a structure in which the vibration of each part of the coil body is hardly influenced by each other, and at the same time, the displacement in the width direction of the conductor must be suppressed even in that state.
- a voice coil diaphragm having a structure in which the vibration of the conductor is unlikely to propagate to other portions and abnormal vibration is unlikely to occur.
- the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned demands, and suppresses abnormal vibration by suppressing displacement in the other direction while maintaining vibration in the original vibration direction of the conductive portion (conductive body), thereby suppressing vibration of the conductive portion.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a voice coil diaphragm that can improve the quality of an electroacoustic transducer by making it difficult to propagate to other parts.
- a voice coil diaphragm according to the present invention which meets the above object, has a planar coil body in which a conductive part is wound, and is arranged to face a magnet plate, and (a) is formed by the magnet plate An electromagnetic force generated by a magnetic field and an acoustic signal current flowing through the conductive portion, causing the conductive portion to vibrate to generate sound, or (b) a magnetic field formed by the magnet plate and the conductive portion by sound
- the coil body has the conductive portion made of a plurality of conductors arranged in a plane or in a plane, and an insulating portion that insulates the conductive portion, and the conductors and the insulating portion are wound.
- each of the winding portions is (1) arranged so as to at least partially contact another adjacent winding portion at the time of vibration, and is connected to the other winding portions arranged in parallel by a movable connection portion.
- the other wound part adjacent to the wound part is intermittently joined at the joining part in the winding direction of the wound part.
- the voice coil diaphragm (coil body) is generally planar and generally annular, but may be used as an ellipse or square.
- the voice coil diaphragm is annular and the conductive part (conductor) is wound in a circular shape
- the width direction of the conductor is the radial direction of the voice coil diaphragm.
- a nonmagnetic metal such as copper, aluminum, copper clad aluminum, silver, and gold is used.
- the winding portion indicates each portion of a separated unit in the coil body. By making the winding state a spiral shape, winding portions having different turns are formed in parallel in the radial direction.
- the movable connection part may be any one that connects each winding part formed on the coil body and another winding part arranged in parallel with each winding part, and is not necessarily an adjacent (nearest) winding part. There is no need to connect them. In other words, in the coil body, it is only necessary that the main part of each winding part is connected to the main part of the other winding part by the movable connecting part, thereby supporting each other. For example, when connecting two winding parts by a movable connection part, you may connect in the state which straddled another winding part on the way.
- the voice coil diaphragm has a support that is disposed on one surface side of the coil body and has the movable connecting portion formed thereon, and the movable connecting portion faces the winding portion while facing the winding portion. It is preferable to have a movable part that is not joined to the winding part, and a joining support part that is joined to the winding part at both ends of the movable part.
- a support formed in a film shape is preferably used as the support.
- the support need not necessarily cover the entire surface of the coil body, and may partially cover the coil body. It may be formed in a net shape. Further, the support may be divided into a plurality of parts, and a support formed in a band shape or a line shape (string shape) may be appropriately arranged. Further, the support does not need to be in the form of a sheet, and a support formed by knitting thread-like fibers or the like into a predetermined shape such as a plane shape or a band shape can be used, and there are various forms.
- a material of the support a material having high elasticity (elasticity), for example, a silicone resin, a synthetic rubber, or a natural rubber is preferably used.
- elasticity for example, a silicone resin, a synthetic rubber, or a natural rubber is preferably used.
- the voice coil diaphragm the elasticity of the wound portion or the like may be used, and therefore, the support does not always need to have elasticity.
- Other materials for the support include, for example, nonmagnetic synthetic resins such as polyimide, polyamide, polyethylene and polycarbonate, or synthetic fibers or wood fibers.
- the movable part which faces the winding part but is not joined to the winding part is formed in an area overlapping with the winding part in plan view, the adjacent winding part is formed to form the movable part. It is not necessary to increase the interval between the two.
- the joints are arranged in a staggered manner in a winding direction and a width direction of the winding unit.
- the conductive portion has a coating on a part or the whole of the conductive portion.
- the part of the conductive portion includes one having a coating on a part or the whole of any of the conductors.
- a coating is provided for the purpose of reducing friction due to contact between adjacent conductors during vibration, not all of the conductors need to have a coating. It is preferable to adopt a method of alternately arranging the conductors that do not have. Further, a method in which a coating is provided only on a portion where the conductors are in contact with each other can be adopted. By reducing the number of coatings in this manner, deterioration in sound quality can be suppressed. However, in the case where coatings are provided to prevent rust on the conductor surface, it is necessary to provide coatings for all conductors. .
- the coating is to be provided on the conductive portion, which is the driving portion, in consideration of the purpose of providing the coating, the effect of improvement, and the effect on sound quality.
- the insulating film serves as the above-described insulating unit, so that there is no need to provide an additional insulating unit.
- the effect of the coating on the sound quality depends on the material of the coating. Generally, for high sound quality, it is preferable that the film is thin and light, and that the film is hard.
- a polyester film or a polyurethane film is often used, but by using a hard ceramic such as zirconia, the influence on the sound quality can be reduced. Further, a thin and hard insulating film can be obtained by a method of forming an anodic oxide film on the surface of an aluminum wire as a conductor (so-called alumite treatment).
- the conductive portion may include a plurality of the conductors arranged in parallel, and the conductors adjacent to each other across the insulating portion may be joined by the insulating portion.
- a method of joining the adjacent conductors with the insulating portion a method of joining the insulators while sandwiching the insulators between the conductors, and a method of joining the insulators in a groove (gap) formed in advance between the adjacent conductors. There is a method of joining while filling.
- the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the conductors adjacent to each other with the insulating portion interposed therebetween is equal to the cross-sectional area of each conductor not interposing the other insulating portions.
- the insulating portion includes a non-driving conductor and an insulating coating covering an outer periphery of the non-driving conductor.
- the separated wound portions adjacent to each other are arranged so as to at least partially contact at the time of vibration, and are connected to the other wound portions by the movable connecting portion, or
- the joints are intermittently joined in the turning direction.
- the overall rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm is low, the propagation of vibration from each winding to the other windings is reduced, thereby reducing the deterioration of sound quality caused by the process of vibration propagation. Becomes possible. Further, it is possible to reduce the sound of the phase lag generated due to the propagation of the vibration, and to effectively prevent the generation of the natural vibration which causes the divided vibration. As a result, in the electroacoustic transducer using the voice coil diaphragm according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent sound deterioration and significantly improve sound quality.
- each conductor has The cross-sectional area can be reduced. In this manner, by using conductors having a reduced cross-sectional area, the propagation of vibration inside each conductor is reduced, and the sound quality of the electroacoustic transducer can be improved.
- a movable portion that is disposed on one surface side of the coil body and has a movable connection portion formed thereon, wherein the movable connection portion faces the winding portion but is not joined to the winding portion; and both ends of the movable portion
- the joining support part of the support body is only joined to the important part of the winding part (conductor or insulating part), and is restricted by the installation state of the winding part. It is possible to easily form a movable portion that easily vibrates independently without being subjected to vibration.
- the rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm can be reduced, and the propagation of vibration from each winding portion to another winding portion can be effectively reduced. Since the movable part faces the winding part and is movable without being joined to the winding part, it is necessary to increase the area of the support and reduce the area of the conductive part to secure the area of the movable part There is no need to increase the interval between the winding portions. Therefore, it is possible to maximize the ratio of the conductive portion in the volume of the voice coil diaphragm and the sound emission surface. As a result, the conversion efficiency into sound when used in a speaker can be significantly improved, and high sound quality can be achieved.
- the joining portions are arranged in a staggered manner in the winding direction and the width direction of the winding portion, all the adjacent portions in the width direction of the winding portion are maintained while keeping the rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm low. It becomes possible to provide a joint between the winding portions that match.
- the adjacent winding portions are securely fixed to each other by the joining portion, the displacement in the width direction of each winding portion, which causes abnormal vibration, is effectively suppressed, and furthermore, the positional deviation at each winding portion is reduced. Even if it occurs, the displacement is prevented from spreading to other parts of the coil body. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of obstacles such as deformation due to the displacement of the entire voice coil diaphragm.
- a voice coil diaphragm used in a speaker that reproduces a low-frequency range not only has a large area but also has a large amplitude, and the positional deviation (deformation) of the winding part itself is likely to occur. It is possible to prevent the positional deviation of the circling portion and its spread (enlargement), thereby preventing the occurrence of the obstacle.
- the conductive part When the conductive part has a coating on part or all, it can prevent rust on the surface of the conductive part, and by selecting the material of the coating, between each winding part at the time of vibration and other adjacent winding parts Friction can be reduced. Further, when connecting each winding portion and another winding portion with a movable connection portion, or when each winding portion and an adjacent winding portion are partially joined at a joining portion, the adhesive force by an adhesive or the like is used. Therefore, the durability and operation stability of the voice coil diaphragm can be improved.
- the insulating portion is protected by being sandwiched between the conductors.
- the periphery (outside) of the insulating portion is reduced, even if the conductor vibrates, the insulating portion is less likely to be peeled or damaged. Therefore, the insulating portion can be formed extremely thin, and the effect of the insulating portion on sound quality can be minimized.
- the insulating portion is made of the non-driving conductor and an insulating film covering the outer periphery of the non-driving conductor, the use of the thin insulating film makes the mechanical properties of the insulating portion close to those of the respective conductors. Therefore, the entire coil body can be homogenized, and the entire coil body can be regarded as being constituted only by the conductive part (conductor), and the design and handling of the voice coil diaphragm become easy.
- FIG. 1 and (B) are respectively an end view of a main part of an electroacoustic transducer using the voice coil diaphragm according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and a magnet in the electroacoustic transducer using the voice coil diaphragm. It is a rear view of a board. It is a top view of the same voice coil diaphragm.
- FIG. 4 is an end view of a main part showing a part of the voice coil diaphragm cut in a radial direction.
- FIG. 5 is an end view of a main part of an electroacoustic transducer using a voice coil diaphragm according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a rear view of the same voice coil diaphragm.
- FIG. 4 is an end view of a main part showing a part of the voice coil diaphragm cut in a radial direction at a position passing through a support. It is a rear view showing the 1st modification of the same voice coil diaphragm. It is a principal part end elevation which shows a part which cut
- FIG. 9 is a rear view showing a second modified example of the voice coil diaphragm.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the front side of a later-described magnet plate 60 so as to face the magnet plate 60. Things.
- the axial direction of the voice coil diaphragm 20 is the front-back direction of the electroacoustic transducer 10. Note that the upper direction and the lower direction in FIG.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 has a coil body 30 formed in a planar and annular shape (ring shape). As shown in FIG.
- a spiral winding state is formed by a plurality of (in the present embodiment, nine) conductive portions 32 and an insulating portion 33, which are arranged in a plane and are electrically connected in parallel, and are electrically connected in parallel. It is. Due to the spiral winding state, the coil body 30 is formed with a plurality of winding portions 34 separated between the inner periphery and the outer periphery and arranged in parallel. Therefore, each winding part 34 is constituted by the conductor 31 or the insulating part 33, respectively.
- the insulating part 33 is arranged in parallel with the conductive part 32. However, since the conductors 31 adjacent in the width direction in the conductive part 32 are all electrically connected in parallel, each conductor 31 There is no need to insulate between them.
- each winding portion 34 (each conductor 31 or insulating portion 33) is arranged so as to at least partially contact another adjacent winding portion 34 at the time of vibration.
- an inner peripheral terminal 38 is electrically connected to an inner peripheral end of the nine conductors 31 arranged in parallel, and an outer peripheral terminal is connected to an outer peripheral end. 39 are connected.
- the coil 30 has an inner diameter of 40 mm and an outer diameter of 140 mm
- the conductor 31 is a copper-clad aluminum wire having a circular cross section with a diameter of 100 ⁇ m.
- the insulating portion 33 is a copper-clad aluminum wire having a circular cross section with a diameter of 80 ⁇ m and the outer periphery of which is covered with a 6 ⁇ m thick polyurethane insulating film.
- the nine conductors 31 are spirally wound in parallel with the insulating part 33, and the nine conductors 31 are electrically connected in parallel, so that the impedance of the voice coil diaphragm 20 is about 5 ⁇ . .
- the cross-sectional area of the conductor 31 is reduced, the sound quality as a speaker is improved.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 It is possible to reduce the cross-sectional area of each conductor 31 while maintaining a predetermined impedance. In this way, by reducing the propagation of vibration in each conductor 31, sound quality when used for a speaker can be improved.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 is disposed on one side of the coil body 30 (the lower side in FIG. 3, that is, on the rear side of the voice coil diaphragm 20). It has a thin-film support 40 to cover.
- a movable connecting portion 41 that connects each winding portion 34 to another winding portion 34 is formed on the support 40.
- the movable connecting portion 41 has a movable portion 42 facing the winding portion 34 but not joined to the winding portion 34, and a joining support portion 43 joined to the winding portion 34 at both ends of the movable portion 42.
- a silicone resin is used, and each winding portion 34 and the joining support portion 43 are joined by an mutual joining portion 44 made of silicone resin.
- a central region magnet 61 using a cylindrical neodymium magnet is arranged in the central region of the magnet plate 60.
- the dimensions of the center area magnet 61 are, for example, an outer diameter of 60 mm, an inner diameter of 32 mm, and a thickness (axial dimension) of 16 mm.
- a basic area magnet 62 is arranged on the outer periphery of the center area magnet 61.
- the basic area magnet 62 is composed of a total of 24 small magnets 62 ′ using neodymium magnets, and each small magnet 62 ′ has an upper bottom on the inner peripheral side (center area magnet 61 side) in plan view, It is formed in a trapezoidal shape so that the outer peripheral side is the lower bottom, and is arranged radially around (the outer periphery) of the center area magnet 61.
- the ring-shaped (ring-shaped) voice coil diaphragm 20 is deformed into a wave shape such that a maximum displacement (amplitude) occurs at the intermediate position between the inner peripheral end and the outer peripheral end during vibration. .
- each small magnet 62 ' is, for example, a trapezoid having an upper base of 4.4 mm, a lower base of 14 mm, a height (radial dimension) of 33 mm in plan view, and a maximum thickness (axial dimension) of 16 mm.
- An outer peripheral area magnet 63 is arranged around the outer peripheral area of the basic area magnet 62 of the magnet plate 60.
- the outer peripheral area magnet 63 has a total of 24 small magnets 63 ′ using a neodymium magnet formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and arranged radially around the outer peripheral area of the basic area magnet 62.
- the size of each small magnet 63 ' is, for example, a rectangular shape with a length (radial dimension) of 10 mm and a width (circumferential dimension) of 14 mm in plan view, and a thickness (axial dimension) of 16 mm.
- an opening serving as a sound passage hole 71 is provided between the small magnets 62 ′ adjacent in the circumferential direction in the basic region magnet 62 and between the small magnets 63 ′ adjacent in the circumferential direction in the outer peripheral region magnet 63. (Gap) is formed.
- the interval between the voice coil diaphragm 20 and the magnet plate 60 was 6 mm at the narrowest part.
- FIG. 1 (A) for convenience of explanation, the right side of the center line shows a cross section cut through a small magnet 62 ', and the left side of the center line shows a cross section cut through a sound passage hole 71.
- FIG. Further, the shape and dimensions of each part of the magnet plate 60 are not limited to the present embodiment, and can be appropriately selected.
- a main frame 81 formed of a nonmagnetic material and supporting the outer peripheral portion of the voice coil diaphragm 20 from the rear side. is set up.
- a front frame 82 formed of a non-magnetic material in a disk shape and supporting the inner peripheral portion of the voice coil diaphragm 20 from the rear side is installed.
- a central frame 83 made of a non-magnetic material and formed in a cylindrical shape is inserted through the central hole.
- an outer peripheral frame 84 formed of a nonmagnetic material in a cylindrical shape is installed, and behind the magnet plate 60, a rear frame 85 formed of a nonmagnetic material is installed.
- a sound passage hole 86 is formed in the rear frame 85, and the sound on the rear surface side of the voice coil diaphragm 20 can be emitted to the outside of the electroacoustic transducer 10 by communicating with the sound passage hole 71.
- the center area magnet 61 is magnetized in the axial direction and the forward direction of the magnet plate 60, as shown in FIG.
- the basic region magnet 62 (small magnet 62 ′) is magnetized in the radial direction and the center direction of the magnet plate 60.
- the outer peripheral area magnet 63 (small magnet 63 ′) is magnetized in the axial direction and the backward direction of the magnet plate 60.
- the magnetic force for pushing forward acts on the center area magnet 61, it is fixed so as to be sandwiched between the front frame 82 and the rear frame 85. Since the magnetic force pushing forward acts on the outer peripheral area magnet 63 as well, it is fixed so as to be sandwiched between the main frame 81 and the rear frame 85.
- the front frame 82 and the center frame 83, the center frame 83 and the rear frame 85, the main frame 81 and the outer frame 84, and the outer frame 84 and the rear frame 85 are joined. If the bonding strength is insufficient due to the strength, bolts or the like may be used.
- the small magnets 62 ′ constituting the basic area magnets 62 because the magnetic force for strongly pressing the rear frame 85 acts on the small magnets 62 ′. Since the small magnet 62 ′ is pressed against the rear frame 85, the sound passage hole 86, which is a plurality of openings provided in the rear frame 85, has a shape and size such that the small magnet 62 ′ does not fall back. I'm doing it.
- a magnetic field in the radial direction is formed by the magnet plate 60 on the annular coil body 30. Then, an acoustic signal current is supplied from the inner peripheral side terminal 38 and the outer peripheral side terminal 39 to each conductor 31 of the spirally wound conductive portion 32, thereby generating an electromagnetic force in each conductor 31.
- a magnetic field component parallel to the surface of the voice coil diaphragm 20 causes the voice coil diaphragm 20 to vibrate in the front-rear direction to generate sound.
- the movable connecting portion 41 is broken when the conductor 31 vibrates, or the insulating portion 33 and the joining support portion 43 are joined.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 may be damaged due to the mutual joint 44 being peeled off.
- the non-driving conductor of the same material as the conductor 31 is covered with a thin insulating film to be insulated. Used as part 33. In this way, by equalizing the mechanical properties of the winding portions 34 in the coil body 30, it is possible to prevent the voice coil diaphragm 20 from being damaged.
- the amplitude of the voice coil diaphragm 20 is large in a speaker that reproduces sound in a low frequency range, it is effective to make the mechanical properties of the coil body 30 (the winding part 34) uniform. Note that no acoustic signal current is supplied to the insulating portion 33 in consideration of the effect of the insulating coating on sound quality.
- the rigidity of the movable connecting portion 41 (movable portion 42) is low, and each of the winding portions 34 easily vibrates independently. There is a difference.
- the adjacent winding portions 34 come into contact with each other due to a difference in the longitudinal displacement, there is a possibility that the friction makes it difficult to return to the original position and causes a displacement.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 for a speaker capable of reproducing to a low frequency range the amplitude is increased and the wavy deformation is increased. In that case, the difference in the displacement in the front-rear direction between the adjacent winding portions 34 also increases, and there is a possibility that each of the winding portions 34 cannot return to the predetermined position.
- a gap of about 6 ⁇ m on average is provided between each of the winding portions 34 as a play, so that each of the winding portions 34 can be easily set in a predetermined position (original position).
- the size of the gap is determined within a range where each winding part 34 can vibrate at least at the time of vibration while partially contacting another winding part 34 adjacent thereto. It can be appropriately selected according to the amplitude and the like, and does not need to be uniform.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 configured as described above, even if a force in the width direction is applied to the winding portion 34, each winding portion 34 comes into contact with another adjacent winding portion 34, and the movement in the width direction is prevented. Is blocked.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 In order to make the voice coil diaphragm 20 function effectively as a diaphragm, it is necessary to cut off the flow of air between the front side and the rear side of the voice coil diaphragm 20.
- the amplitude of the voice coil diaphragm 20 capable of reproducing to the low frequency range increases, and the difference in the displacement in the front-rear direction between the adjacent winding portions 34 increases, thereby generating a gap.
- the support member 40 By arranging the support member 40, the flow of air can be reliably shut off. Further, the movable portion 42 of the movable connection portion 41 is not joined to the winding portion 34, thereby facilitating independent vibration (movability) of the winding portion 34.
- the rigidity of the entire voice coil diaphragm 20 can be significantly reduced despite the winding state in which the adjacent winding portions 34 are in contact with each other, whereby the It has achieved unprecedented sound quality.
- the length of the movable portion 42 (adjacent joint The distance between the support portions 43), the thickness, and the hardness can be appropriately selected.
- the support 40 has a low rigidity.
- the length of the movable portion 42 must be sufficiently ensured. In order to satisfy these conditions, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, half of the radial dimension of the support 40 is secured as the length of the movable portion 42. That is, the ratio of each of the movable portion 42 and the joint support portion 43 to the support 40 was set to 50%. Further, the silicone film constituting the support 40 had a Shore hardness HS (measured in accordance with JIS B7727) of about 15, and a thickness of 8 ⁇ m.
- the mutual joint 44 is a material other than the drive unit having only the function of joining the joint support 43 to the winding part 34, the amount of use is limited within a range where the joint does not come off in order to improve the sound quality. It is better to reduce as much as possible. Therefore, when the support 40 and the interconnecting portion 44 are made of the same silicone resin, if the support 40 can be directly joined to the winding portion 34 when forming the support 40, the interconnecting portion 44 is separately formed. Need not be provided.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20 realizes a significant improvement in sound quality by reducing the propagation of vibration from each conductor 31 to another conductor 31 or the insulating portion 33. Furthermore, even if the amplitude of the voice coil diaphragm 20 increases due to the reproduction of the low-frequency range, the rigidity can be maintained to prevent deterioration of the sound quality, and the support body 40 is less likely to be torn.
- the electroacoustic transducer 10 can make the most of the original feature of the voice coil diaphragm that emits sound directly from the conductor.
- the magnet plate 60 is configured by combining three types of magnets, the center region magnet 61, the basic region magnet 62, and the outer periphery region magnet 63, but the configuration of the magnet plate is not limited to this. Can be selected as appropriate.
- the voice coil diaphragm is vibrated by sound. As a result, an electromotive force is generated in the conductor, so that an acoustic signal current can be extracted from the inner peripheral terminal and the outer peripheral terminal.
- a voice coil diaphragm 20A according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- symbol is attached
- a voice coil diaphragm 20A according to a second embodiment of the present invention is arranged to face the front side of a magnet plate 60A.
- the difference between the voice coil diaphragm 20A and the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the conductive portions 32a constituting the coil body 30a are arranged in parallel and electrically connected in parallel.
- a plurality (20 in this embodiment) of string-like (linear) supports 40 a made of three conductors 31 are arranged radially at equal angular intervals. It is a point.
- the difference between the magnet plate 60A used with the voice coil diaphragm 20A and the magnet plate 60 is that the upper surface of each of the small magnets 62a 'forming the basic region magnet 62a is formed flat, and the outer peripheral region magnet 63a has one magnet. The point is that it is formed in a cylindrical shape with a neodymium magnet.
- a cross section cut at a position passing through the small magnet 62a ' is shown on the right side of the center line, and a cross section cut at a position passing through the sound passage hole 71 is shown on the left side of the center line. Is shown.
- the support 40a has a movable connecting portion 41a that connects each winding portion 34 to another winding portion 34.
- the movable connecting portion 41a has a movable portion 42a facing the winding portion 34 but not joined to the winding portion 34, and a joining support portion 43a joined to the winding portion 34 at both ends of the movable portion 42a. are doing.
- the joining support portion 43a is joined to the winding portion 34 by the mutual joining portion 44a made of silicone resin.
- the mutual joining portion 44a is formed by joining two adjacent winding portions 34. It is also a joint that joins partially.
- the mutual joining portion 44a is provided intermittently in the winding direction of the winding portion 34, and the support 40a (joining support portion) is provided. 43a).
- the two adjacent winding portions 34 are partially joined to each other at the mutual joining portions 44a, thereby reducing the propagation of vibration between each other.
- the joining support portion 43a and the winding portion 34 and the adjacent winding portions 34 are securely joined to each other by the mutual joining portion 44a.
- each of the winding portions 34 can easily perform independent (free) vibration in the front-rear direction by the movable portion 42a, and at least at the time of vibration, contact the adjacent winding portions 34 to attain the widthwise direction. Movement is blocked. Therefore, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20A is suitably used for a mid-range speaker, a high-range speaker, or a microphone.
- the amplitude does not increase. Does not increase. Therefore, in the voice coil diaphragm 20A, the gap generated between the adjacent winding portions 34 is small when each of the winding portions 34 vibrates. Therefore, in this embodiment, the string-shaped support member 40a is used instead of the film-shaped one. Can be.
- a gap (play) provided between each winding portion 34 and another adjacent winding portion 34 when the coil body 30a is formed. It is possible to reduce the size, thereby enhancing the air blocking effect between the adjacent winding portions 34.
- the mass and volume of the support 40a and the interconnecting portion 44a which are substances other than the conductor 31 are reduced as much as possible in order to improve the sound quality, and the contact area with the conductor 31 is reduced as much as possible. It is desirable to make it smaller.
- the entire area and volume of the string-like support 40a as in the present embodiment is smaller than that of the film-like support 40, and the area where the conductor 31 contacts the support 40a via the interconnecting portion 44a is also small. This is advantageous in terms of sound quality.
- a support formed in a mesh shape in advance may be used.
- a band-like support may be used.
- the spacing between the supports is narrower on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, when the voice coil diaphragm 20A is viewed as a whole, The rigidity on the inner peripheral side is higher than that on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, if a trapezoidal support having a small width on the inner peripheral side and a large width on the outer peripheral side is used, the rigidity of the entire voice coil diaphragm 20A can be made uniform.
- the amplitude of the voice coil diaphragm 20A during vibration does not increase, even if a depression is provided on the upper surface of the basic area magnet 62a (each small magnet 62a ') in accordance with the amplitude, the depression does not increase. Very shallow. Therefore, the upper surface of the basic area magnet 62a (each small magnet 62a ') is flat in consideration of ease of manufacture.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20B of the first modification shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 responds to this.
- the difference between the voice coil diaphragm 20B and the voice coil diaphragm 20A is that the voice coil diaphragm 20B uses a coil body 30b including three regions of an inner peripheral buffer portion 21B, a main vibrating portion 22B, and an outer peripheral buffer portion 23B.
- a film-like support 40b is arranged in place of the string-like support 40a with respect to the side buffer 21B.
- the inner peripheral side buffer 21B and the outer peripheral side buffer 23B also have a function as a buffer for the vibration of the main vibrating part 22B on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the voice coil diaphragm 20B.
- the arrangement interval of the three conductors 31 and the insulating portion 33 constituting the conductive portion 32b is made wider than that of the coil body 30a (see FIG. 6).
- the current density in the conductive portion 32b is reduced together with the density of the conductor 31.
- the structure in which the arrangement interval of the winding portion 34 (the conductor 31 or the insulating portion 33) is widened like the inner peripheral side buffer portion 21B is similar to the conventional example of FIG. However, since the area of the inner peripheral side buffer portion 21B is small, there is almost no influence.
- the configuration of the main vibrating part 22B is the same as that of the coil body 30a (see FIG. 6), and thus the description is omitted.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20A since the plurality of supports 40a are radially arranged, the arrangement interval on the inner peripheral side of the support 40a becomes narrower than the outer peripheral side, and the voice coil diaphragm 20A is viewed as a whole. At times, the rigidity on the inner peripheral side was higher than that on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, in the voice coil diaphragm 20B, a thin rigid support 40b is disposed in place of the support 40a on the inner peripheral side buffer portion 21B to make the overall rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm 20B uniform. In addition, the flow of air between the winding portions 34 whose arrangement interval is widened is cut off.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20C of the second modified example shown in FIG. 10 is different from the voice coil diaphragm 20A in that the coil bodies 30a are arranged so that the distance between adjacent supports 40a is as uniform as possible at each position.
- the support 40a is provided so as to be partially branched.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20C can prevent the rigidity on the inner peripheral side from increasing, thereby improving the sound quality. Can be.
- the number and arrangement of the supports 40a are not limited thereto, and can be appropriately selected.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20D of the third modified example shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the voice coil diaphragm 20A in that the conductive portion 32d constituting the coil body 30d has the same width with a rectangular cross section. And the two conductors 31d ′ having a rectangular cross section with half the width of the conductor 31d, and the insulating portion 33d is formed in a thin layer shape. Two conductors 31d adjacently arranged in parallel and two conductors 31d 'arranged in parallel on both sides thereof are electrically connected in parallel.
- the conductive portion 32d is formed into a spiral shape, the outer conductor 31d 'and the inner conductor 31d' are adjacent to each other, but the insulating portion 33d is provided between the two conductors 31d '.
- One wound portion 34 is formed by joining and insulating two conductors 31d 'therebetween.
- each conductor 31 and the insulating portion 33 are wound to form the coil body 30a.
- a single conductor foil serving as the conductive portion 32d is formed by three parallel conductor foils.
- the coil 30d is formed by being separated into the conductors 31d and 31d 'by the book separating portion 35d.
- the separation portion 35d As a method of forming the separation portion 35d, a method of performing pressing, laser processing, etching, or the like on the conductive foil can be used.
- the adjacent conductors 31d ' are separated by the same processing as the separation portion 35d, and then joined by the insulating portion 33d.
- the width of the conductor 31d 'adjacent to the insulator 33d is half the width of the other conductor 31d as described above. Since the total cross-sectional area of the two conductors 31d 'joined by the insulating portion 33d is equal to the cross-sectional area of each of the other conductors 31d, the cross-sectional area of the conductive portion 32d is three conductors 31d'.
- the coil body 30d is in a wound state in which three conductors 31d are arranged in parallel, and electrically, each of the two conductors insulated by the wound insulating portion 33d.
- the bodies 31d and 31d 'constitute a conductive portion 32d, and an acoustic signal current flows in an equipotential state.
- the insulating portion 33 having a cross-sectional area close to that of the conductor 31 is used.
- the insulating portion 33d is formed in a layer shape to reduce the area and the mass. The sound quality has been improved. Since the insulator 33d is protected by being sandwiched between the conductors 31d ', the insulator 33d can be formed very thin, and the influence on the sound quality can be minimized.
- the two conductors 31d 'joined by the insulator 33d and the other conductors 31d have substantially the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions, respectively, so that the mechanical properties of the voice coil diaphragm 20D as a whole are Become uniform. In this way, a uniform vibration state can be obtained over the entire surface of the voice coil diaphragm 20D, and high sound quality can be achieved. Furthermore, in the voice coil diaphragm 20D, most of the surface (front surface) of the voice coil diaphragm 20D (coil body 30d), which is a sound radiating surface, is occupied by the conductors 31d, 31d 'which are the driving units, and the sound is directly transmitted. Since it can be emitted, this point is also very advantageous for high sound quality.
- the difference between the voice coil diaphragm 20E of the fourth modified example and the voice coil diaphragm 20A shown in FIG. 13 is that the mutual joining portion 44a provided intermittently in the winding direction of the winding portion 34 is wound. The point is that they are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the winding direction and the width direction of the turning part 34.
- By arranging the interconnecting portions 44a in a staggered manner all the adjacent winding portions 34 in the radial direction (the width direction of the winding portion 34) are maintained while maintaining the overall rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm 20E low.
- An interconnecting portion 44a can be provided therebetween.
- the adjacent winding portions 34 are securely fixed to each other, so that not only is it difficult for the winding portions 34 to be misaligned, but also if the winding portions 34 are misaligned, Ripple to parts is prevented.
- the important parts of each winding part 34 (the conductor 31 and the insulating part 33) are supported by the joining support part 43a, and the displacement of each winding part 34 in the winding direction and the width direction is effectively prevented.
- the mutual displacement portion 44a is provided between all adjacent winding portions 34 in the radial direction. It is difficult to spread to the portion, and it is possible to effectively prevent the deformation and the like due to the displacement of the entire voice coil diaphragm 20E.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20F of the fifth modified example shown in FIG. 14 differs from the voice coil diaphragm 20A in that the mutual joining portion 44a provided intermittently in the winding direction of the winding portion 34 is wound. The point is that they are arranged in a staggered manner in the winding direction and the width direction of the turning portion 34, and the support 40a is abolished (omitted). That is, the voice coil diaphragm 20F corresponds to the voice coil diaphragm 20E obtained by removing the support 40a.
- the mutual joining part 44a is a joining part that partially joins each winding part 34 and another winding part 34 adjacent to each winding part 34.
- each winding portion 34 can be deformed in the front-rear direction while supporting each other between the adjacent winding portions 34 with the mutual joint portion 44a as a fulcrum, so that the support 40a can be omitted.
- the rigidity of the voice coil diaphragm 20F depends on the material (elastic modulus) and the cross-sectional area of the winding portion 34, and furthermore, the mutual resistance adjacent to each other in the winding direction.
- each winding part 34 is only partially joined by the mutual joining part 44a, it is difficult to be restrained, and it is difficult for the vibration to propagate to other winding parts 34, thereby improving the sound quality. .
- the adjacent winding portions 34 are securely fixed to each other by the mutual joining portions 44a, so that displacement of each winding portion 34 in the winding direction or the front-back direction (vibration direction) is prevented.
- the displacement in the width direction of each winding portion 34 which causes abnormal vibration can be effectively suppressed.
- a synthetic resin-based adhesive such as an epoxy-based or cyanoacrylate-based adhesive can be used for the interconnecting portion 44a.
- the use of such a metal can provide a strong bonding force, and since it is hard, it is advantageous in terms of high sound quality.
- a non-magnetic and highly elastic (highly resilient) material such as beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, or a stainless steel wire for a non-magnetic spring, is selected as the material of the conductor 31, the support of the conductor 31 itself is used. Function can be improved, and it is also effective in terms of operation stability and durability.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20G of the sixth modified example shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 is different from the voice coil diaphragm 20E in that the conductive portion 32g constituting the coil body 30g has the same width with a rectangular cross section.
- the insulating portion 33g is made of a thin layer and is composed of two conductors 31g, and two conductors 31g ′ having a rectangular cross section with half the width of the conductor 31g. 40 g is in the form of a film.
- the two conductors 31g adjacently arranged in parallel and the two conductors 31g 'arranged in parallel on both sides thereof are electrically connected in parallel.
- the conductive portion 32g into a spiral shape, the outer conductor 31g 'and the inner conductor 31g' are adjacent to each other, but the insulating portion 33g is placed between the two conductors 31g '.
- the wound portion 34 is formed by joining the two conductors 31g 'with each other therebetween.
- the entire surface (front side) of the coil body 30g is covered with the support body 40g, but since it is in the form of a thin film, it is shown transparently in the drawing.
- the coil body 30a is formed by winding the conductors 31 and the insulating portions 33.
- one conductor foil serving as the conductive portion 32g is connected in parallel.
- the windings 34 of the coil 30g are formed by being separated into conductors 31g and 31g 'by three separate portions 35g. Further, when the winding portion 34 is formed by the separation portion 35g, a portion that is not intermittently separated in the winding direction of the winding portion 34 is provided as a conductor coupling portion 36g, and the conductor coupling portion 36g is wound.
- the portions 34 are arranged so as to be staggered in the winding direction and the width direction.
- the method of manufacturing the coil 30g is basically the same as that of the coil 30d described above, except for the presence or absence of the conductor coupling portion 36g.
- a movable connecting portion 41g is formed on the support 40g at a position overlapping with the conductor coupling portion 36g.
- the movable connecting portion 41g includes a movable portion 42g which faces the conductor coupling portion 36g which is a part of the winding portion 34 but is not joined to the conductor coupling portion 36g, and a conductor coupling portion 36g at both ends of the movable portion 42g. It has a joining support part 43g joined to the substrate. 36 g of each conductor coupling part and 43 g of joining support parts are joined by the mutual joining part 44g which consists of silicone resin.
- the bonding support portion 43g in the film-like support body 40g is provided at a position where the movement is small in the coil body 30g, that is, at the position of the conductor coupling portion 36g which is a portion that is difficult to be deformed, so that the winding is performed.
- the original operation (vibration) of the portion 34 is prevented from being hindered by the support 40g (joint support 43g).
- the volume of the mutual joining portion 44g which is a substance other than the driving portion, is reduced as much as possible to achieve high sound quality. Can be.
- the important portions of the adjacent winding portions 34 are joined at the mutual joining portions 44a, and the winding portions 34 and the support 40a (joining support portions 43a) are joined via the mutual joining portions 44a.
- adjacent winding portions 34 are partially connected (integrated) by providing a non-separable portion in the conductive portion 32g to form a conductor coupling portion 36g.
- the adjacent winding portions 34 are strongly fixed to each other in the region of the conductor coupling portion 36g, and the widthwise displacement of the winding portions 34 (conductors 31g, 31g ') which causes abnormal vibration hardly occurs.
- the support 40g is formed in a film shape so that the flow of the air is blocked by the support 40g.
- the voice coil diaphragm 20G having the above-described characteristics can be suitably used particularly for a speaker for a bass range.
- the embodiment of the present invention has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment, and other embodiments that can be considered within the scope of the matters described in the claims. Examples and modifications are also included.
- the planar voice coil diaphragm has been described.
- the voice coil diaphragm may be formed in a three-dimensional shape having an inclined surface or a vertical surface as in Patent Document 5, for example. That is, a coil body is formed into a three-dimensional shape by winding while bending or bending the conductive portion and the insulating portion, or bending or bending after winding the conductive portion and the insulating portion in a planar shape.
- a coil having a three-dimensional shape may be used.
- a coating may be provided on part or all of the conductive portion. Note that, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the conductive portion includes a plurality of conductors arranged in parallel in a plane has been described. However, the number of conductors can be appropriately selected and can be one. . Further, in the above-described embodiment, as a method of manufacturing the coil bodies 30d and 30g, the separation portions 35d and 35g are formed by performing pressing, laser processing, etching, or the like on the conductive portions formed in a planar shape in advance.
- the conductors 31d, 31d ', 31g, and 31g' other than the separating portions 35d and 35g and the insulating portions 33d and 33g can be formed using means such as vapor deposition, sputtering, and plating.
- the structure of the magnet plate used in combination with the voice coil diaphragm of the above embodiment is not limited to that described in the above embodiment, and can be appropriately selected. Therefore, when the voice coil diaphragm of the above embodiment can be applied instead of the diaphragm of the electroacoustic transducer using the conventional magnet plate, high sound quality can be obtained by employing these.
- the voice coil diaphragm according to the present invention is a speaker, a headphone, an earphone, or the like that can convert an electric signal to a sound with higher quality than ever, or a microphone that can convert a sound to an electric signal with a high quality, a sound wave. It can be used for electro-acoustic transducers such as sensors.
- 10, 10A, 10Z electroacoustic transducer (speaker), 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F, 20G, 20Z: voice coil diaphragm, 21B: inner peripheral side buffer portion, 22B: main vibration portion , 23B: outer peripheral side buffer portion, 30, 30a, 30b, 30d, 30g: coil body, 31: conductor, 31b: additional conductor, 31d, 31d ', 31g, 31g', 31z: conductor, 32, 32a , 32b, 32c, 32d, 32g: conductive part, 33, 33d, 33g: insulating part, 33z: gap, 34: winding part, 35d, 35g: separating part, 36g: conductor coupling part, 38: inner peripheral side Terminal, 39: outer peripheral side terminal, 40, 40a, 40b, 40g, 40z: support, 41, 41a, 41g: movable connecting part, 42, 42a, 42g, 42z: movable part, 43,
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、この場合、可動部42zの剛性が低いため導電体31zは、導電体31zの幅方向(ボイスコイル振動板20Zの半径方向)であるx方向にも変位(以下、幅方向変位という)するようになり、導電体31zの振動が複雑化してバタツキと言われる異常振動を引き起こす大きな原因となっていた。
また、ボイスコイル振動板の面積や振幅が大きくなる程、幅方向変位の波及し合う範囲が広がって異常振動が発生し易くなる。スピーカーでは、再生する周波数が低くなる程、ボイスコイル振動板の面積を広くする必要があり振幅も大きくなるため、異常振動は、中音域用や低音域用のスピーカーを設計する上で、大きな問題となっていた。
そして、本発明者は改良を重ねることにより磁石板の構成を簡素化する技術を確立し、特許文献4の特許権も取得した。
さらに、本発明者は、磁石板の表面に対し、傾斜した振動面又は垂直な振動面を有する立体的な形状のボイスコイル振動体を採用することによって、磁石の利用効率を向上させる方法も開発し、特許文献5を出願した。
本発明は、上記要望に応えるもので、導電部(導電体)の本来の振動方向への振動を維持しつつ、その他の方向への変位を抑えて異常振動を防止し、導電部の振動を他の部分に伝搬し難くすることによって、電気音響変換器の品質を向上させることができるボイスコイル振動板の提供を目的とする。
前記コイル体は、1又は面状に並列配置された複数の導電体からなる前記導電部と、該導電部を絶縁する絶縁部とを有し、前記各導電体及び前記絶縁部が巻回状態とされることにより、前記コイル体に分離され並列に配置された複数の巻回部が形成され、
前記各巻回部は、(1)隣り合う他の前記巻回部に対して少なくとも振動時に部分的に接触するように配置され、並列に配置された他の前記巻回部と可動連結部で連結され、又は(2)隣り合う他の前記巻回部と、該巻回部の巻回方向に断続的に接合部で接合されている。
ここで、導電部が複数の導電体で構成される場合、導電部の一部とは、いずれかの導電体の一部又は全体に被膜を有するものも含む。なお、ボイスコイル振動板の前面側は、導電体が露出した状態の方が音を導電体から直接放出させることができるので、音質的に有利である。このような理由により、駆動部として用いる導電体は、一般的には被膜を有していない方が好ましい。従って、隣り合う導電体の振動時の接触による摩擦を低減する目的で被膜を設ける場合等では、全ての導電体が被膜を有していなくても良いため、被膜を有する導電体と、被膜を有していない導電体を交互に並べる方法等を採用すると良い。また、導電体同士が接触する部分にのみ被膜を設けるような方法も採用できる。このようにして被膜を減らすことにより、音質の低下を抑えることができるが、導電体表面の錆びの防止のために被膜を設ける場合等では、全ての導電体に対して被膜を設ける必要がある。従って、駆動部である導電部に被膜をどの程度まで設けるかについては、被膜を設ける目的、改善効果、さらに音質への影響等を考慮して総合的に判断する必要がある。なお、絶縁被膜で覆われた導電体を駆動部として使用する場合は、絶縁被膜が上記の絶縁部となるので、別途、絶縁部を設ける必要がなくなる。被膜を有する導電体を使用する場合、被膜が音質に及ぼす影響内容は被膜の材質によって異なる。一般的に、高音質のためには被膜は薄くて軽く、また、硬質な方が良い。絶縁被膜として、ポリエステル被膜やポリウレタン被膜が多く用いられているが、硬質なジルコニア等のセラミックを用いることにより音質への影響を少なくできる。また、導電体であるアルミニウム線の表面に陽極酸化被膜を形成(所謂アルマイト処理)する方法では、薄くて硬質な絶縁被膜を得ることができる。
ここで、隣り合う導電体同士を絶縁部で接合する方法としては、絶縁体を両側から導電体で挟みながら接合する方法、隣り合う導電体の間に予め形成した溝(隙間)に絶縁体を充填しながら接合する方法等がある。なお、絶縁部を挟んで隣り合う導電体の断面積の合計は、他の絶縁部を挟まない各導電体の断面積と等しいことが好ましい。これにより、絶縁部によって接合された二本の導電体と、他の絶縁部を挟まない各導電体の機械的性質を揃えることができ、コイル体の各部(巻回部)の振動状態が均等化されて、ボイスコイル振動板の全面で均一な振動が得られる。
以上の結果、本発明に係るボイスコイル振動板を用いた電気音響変換器では、音の劣化を防ぎ、音質を大幅に改善することが可能となる。また、面状に並列配置された複数の導電体からなる導電部では、複数の導電体を電気的に並列に接続することにより、ボイスコイル振動板として所定のインピーダンスを維持しながら各導電体の断面積を小さくすることができる。このようにして、断面積を小さくした導電体を採用することにより、各導電体の内部で振動の伝搬が減少し、電気音響変換器としての音質を向上させることができる。
図1(A)に示す電気音響変換器10は、本発明の第1の実施例に係るボイスコイル振動板20が、後述する磁石板60の前面側に磁石板60に対向して配置されたものである。このとき、ボイスコイル振動板20の軸方向が電気音響変換器10の前後方向である。なお、図1(A)の上方向と下方向を、それぞれ電気音響変換器10(ボイスコイル振動板20)の前方方向と後方方向とし、左右方向を電気音響変換器10(ボイスコイル振動板20)の幅方向(半径方向)としている(以下の図3、図4、図6、図8、図9、図12、図16、図17において同じ)。本実施例に係るボイスコイル振動板20を用いた電気音響変換器10は、低音域まで再生できるスピーカーとして好適である。
まず、ボイスコイル振動板20は、図2に示すように、面状で円環状(リング状)に形成されたコイル体30を有しており、このコイル体30は、図3に示すように、面状に並列配置され電気的に並列に接続された複数(本実施例では9本)の導電体31からなる導電部32と絶縁部33により、渦巻状の巻回状態が形成されたものである。この渦巻状の巻回状態によりコイル体30には、内周と外周との間で分離され並列に配置された複数の巻回部34が形成される。よって、各巻回部34は、それぞれ導電体31又は絶縁部33で構成される。ここで、導電部32と並列に絶縁部33が配置されているが、導電部32の中で幅方向に隣り合う導電体31は全て電気的に並列に接続されているので、各導電体31の間を絶縁する必要はない。これにより、隣り合う導電体31同士は接触状態又は微小な隙間を空けて配置することができる。以上のようにして、各巻回部34(各導電体31又は絶縁部33)は、隣り合う他の巻回部34に対して、少なくとも振動時に部分的に接触するように配置される。
まず、図1(A)、(B)に示すように、磁石板60の中心領域には円筒状のネオジム磁石を用いた中心領域磁石61が配置されている。中心領域磁石61の寸法は、例えば外径60mm、内径32mm、厚さ(軸方向寸法)16mmである。そして、中心領域磁石61の外周には基本領域磁石62が配置されている。基本領域磁石62は、ネオジム磁石を用いた全24個の小磁石62’で構成されており、各小磁石62’は平面視して内周側(中心領域磁石61側)が上底となり、外周側が下底となるように台形状に形成されて中心領域磁石61の周囲(外周)に放射状に配置されている。なお、円環状(リング状)に形成されたボイスコイル振動板20は、振動時に内周側端部と外周側端部の中間位置で最大の変位(振幅)が発生するような波状に変形する。よって、振動時にボイスコイル振動板20と基本領域磁石62が接触(干渉)しないように、ボイスコイル振動板20の振動時の形状に合わせて、各小磁石62’の上面に窪みを設けている。各小磁石62’の寸法は、例えば平面視して上底4.4mm、下底14mm、高さ(半径方向寸法)33mmの台形状で、最大厚さ(軸方向寸法)16mmである。
なお、図1(A)においては、説明の都合上、中心線の右側には小磁石62’を通る位置で切断した断面を示し、中心線の左側には音通過孔71を通る位置で切断した断面を示している。また、磁石板60の各部の形状及び寸法は、本実施例に限定されるものではなく、適宜、選択することができる。
円環状のコイル体30に対しては、磁石板60によって半径方向の磁界が形成されている。そして、渦巻状に巻回された導電部32の各導電体31に、内周側端子38と外周側端子39より音響信号電流が供給されることによって各導電体31に電磁力が発生する。磁石板60によって形成される磁界のうち、ボイスコイル振動板20の表面に対して平行な磁界成分が、ボイスコイル振動板20を前後方向に振動させて音を発生する。このとき、導電体31の機械的性質と絶縁部33の機械的性質が大きく異なると、導電体31の振動時に可動連結部41が破れたり、絶縁部33と接合支持部43を接合している相互接合部44が剥がれたりして、ボイスコイル振動板20が破損する場合がある。ここでは、絶縁部33の機械的性質を導電体31の機械的性質に近付けるために、先に説明したように、導電体31と同じ材質の非駆動用導電体を薄い絶縁被膜で覆って絶縁部33として使用した。このようにコイル体30において各巻回部34の機械的な性質を揃えることにより、ボイスコイル振動板20の破損を防止することができる。特に、低音域まで再生するスピーカーではボイスコイル振動板20の振幅が大きくなるので、コイル体30(巻回部34)の機械的な性質を均一化することは有効である。なお、絶縁部33には、絶縁被膜による音質への影響を考慮して音響信号電流を流していない。
このように構成したボイスコイル振動板20は、巻回部34に幅方向の力が加わっても、各巻回部34が隣り合う他の巻回部34に接触して、幅方向への移動が阻まれる。このため、ボイスコイル振動板20は全体として剛性が低いにも関わらず、従来のボイスコイル振動板で問題となっていた幅方向変位が発生し難い。この幅方向変位の防止機能によって、各巻回部34の幅方向変位が主な原因となって発生していた異常振動を大幅に減少させることができる。
また、可動連結部41の可動部42は、巻回部34に接合されておらず、それによって巻回部34を独立して振動(可動)し易くしている。このようにして、隣り合う巻回部34同士が互いに接触し合うような間隔の巻回状態であるにも関わらず、ボイスコイル振動板20全体の剛性を著しく低下させることができ、それによってこれまでにない高音質を実現している。高音質化のためには、可動連結部41(可動部42)の剛性を低くすることが好ましいが、可動連結部41の剛性を適正に設定するに当たって、可動部42の長さ(隣り合う接合支持部43同士の間隔)、厚さ、硬さは適宜、選択することができる。また、高音質化のためには駆動部である導電体31以外の物質の質量と体積はできるだけ小さくすることが望ましく、可動連結部41(支持体40)は薄い方が良い。
図4に示す電気音響変換器10Aは、本発明の第2の実施例に係るボイスコイル振動板20Aが、磁石板60Aの前面側に対向して配置されたものである。
ボイスコイル振動板20Aが、第1の実施例と異なる点は、図5、図6に示すように、コイル体30aを構成する導電部32aが、並列に配置され電気的に並列に接続された3本の導電体31からなり、膜状の支持体40の代わりに、複数(本実施例では20本)の紐状(線状)の支持体40aが、等角度間隔で放射状に設置されている点である。また、ボイスコイル振動板20Aと共に用いられる磁石板60Aが磁石板60と異なる点は、基本領域磁石62aを構成する各小磁石62a’の上面が平坦状に形成され、外周領域磁石63aが1つのネオジム磁石で円筒状に形成されている点である。
なお、図4においては、説明の都合上、中心線の右側には小磁石62a’を通る位置で切断した断面を示し、中心線の左側には音通過孔71を通る位置で切断した断面を示している。
先に説明した図4において、磁石板60Aによって形成され、導電体31を駆動させる磁界の強度は、ボイスコイル振動板20Aの内周側と外周側で急激に低下することが分かっている。そこで、磁界強度が低い内周側及び外周側の領域における電流密度を、磁界強度が高い他(中間部)の領域における電流密度よりも低下させれば音への変換効率を向上させることができる。これに対応したのが、図7~図9に示す第1の変形例のボイスコイル振動板20Bである。このボイスコイル振動板20Bがボイスコイル振動板20Aと異なる点は、内周側緩衝部21B、主振動部22B及び外周側緩衝部23Bの3つの領域からなるコイル体30bを用いており、内周側緩衝部21Bに対し、紐状の支持体40aの代わりに膜状の支持体40bを配置している点である。なお、内周側緩衝部21B及び外周側緩衝部23Bは、ボイスコイル振動板20Bの内周側と外周側で主振動部22Bの振動に対する緩衝部としての機能も有している。
また、ボイスコイル振動板20Aでは、複数の支持体40aを放射状に配置したことにより、支持体40aの内周側の配置間隔が外周側よりも狭くなり、ボイスコイル振動板20Aを全体として見たときに外周側に比べて内周側の剛性が高くなっていた。そこで、ボイスコイル振動板20Bでは、内周側緩衝部21Bに対し、支持体40aの代わりに、剛性の低い薄膜状の支持体40bを配置してボイスコイル振動板20Bの全体としての剛性を均一化すると共に、配置間隔を拡げた巻回部34間の空気の流通を遮断している。
ここで、絶縁部33dを挟んで隣り合う導電体31d’の幅は、先に説明したように、他の導電体31dの幅の半分である。絶縁部33dで接合された2本の導電体31d’の断面積の合計が、他の各導電体31dの断面積と等しくなるので、導電部32dの断面積としては導電体31dの3本分の断面積となっている。従って、コイル体30dとしては、3本分の導電体31dが並列に配置されたような巻回状態であり、電気的には、巻回状態の絶縁部33dで絶縁された各2本の導電体31d、31d’が導電部32dを構成して、等電位な状態で音響信号電流が流れる。
なお、相互接合部44aには、シリコーン樹脂の他、エポキシ系、シアノアクリレート系等の合成樹脂系接着剤等を用いることができるが、導電体31同士を接合する箇所では、半田付けやワイヤーボンディング等の金属による接合を用いると強い接合力が得られ、しかも硬質であるため高音質化という点でも有利になる。また、導電体31の材質として、非磁性で高弾性な(復元性の高い)材質、例えばベリリウム銅、りん青銅、非磁性ばね用ステンレス鋼線等を選択した場合、導電体31自身の支持体としての機能を向上させることができ、動作の安定性及び耐久性の面でも有効である。
なお、ボイスコイル振動板20Eでは、各導電体31及び絶縁部33を巻回してコイル体30aを形成したが、ボイスコイル振動板20Gでは、例えば導電部32gとなる1枚の導電体箔を並列な3本の分離部35gによって導電体31g、31g’に分離して、コイル体30gの巻回部34を形成している。さらに、分離部35gによって巻回部34を形成する際には、巻回部34の巻回方向に断続的に分離しない部分を設けて導電体結合部36gとし、導電体結合部36gを巻回部34の巻回方向及び幅方向に対して千鳥状となるように配置している。このコイル体30gの製造方法は、基本的に前述のコイル体30dと同様であり、導電体結合部36gの有無が異なるだけである。
一般的に低音域を再生するスピーカーでは、振動板の面積が大きくなり振幅も大きくなるので、面状のコイル体の各部(巻回部)では様々な方向の位置ずれが生じ易く、その位置ずれが波及する範囲も広がって、コイル体の変形に対する影響が大きくなる。これに対して、このボイスコイル振動板20Gでは、半径方向に対して全ての隣り合う巻回部34間で導電体結合部36gを設けているため、導電体結合部36gから離れた位置の巻回部34で位置ずれが生じても、その位置ずれが巻回部34の他の部分へ波及することを各導電体結合部36gによって防止することができる。このようにして、巻回部34間の段差の発生及びコイル体30g全体の位置ずれによる変形を防ぐことができる。また、ボイスコイル振動板20Gは、振幅が大きくなると波状の変形が大きくなって、隣り合う巻回部34の間で前後方向変位の差が大きくなる。このような場合、分離部35gの隙間が前後方向に拡大してボイスコイル振動板20Gの前面側と後面側との間で空気が流通し易くなる。これに備え、ボイスコイル振動板20Gでは、支持体40gを膜状とすることにより、上記空気の流通を支持体40gで遮断するようにしている。以上のような特徴を有するボイスコイル振動板20Gは、特に低音域用のスピーカーに好適に用いることができる。
上記実施例では、面状のボイスコイル振動板について説明したが、このボイスコイル振動板は、例えば特許文献5のように、傾斜面又は垂直面を有する立体状に形成することもできる。即ち、導電部と絶縁部を折り曲げたり、湾曲させたりしながら巻回してコイル体を立体状に形成したもの、又は導電部と絶縁部を平面状に巻回した後に折り曲げたり、湾曲させたりしてコイル体を立体状に形成したもの等を使用することもできる。また、必要に応じて、導電部の一部又は全体に被膜を設けても良い。なお、上記実施例では、導電部が、面状に並列配置された複数の導電体からなる場合について説明したが、導電体の本数は適宜、選択することができ、1本とすることもできる。
また、上記実施例では、コイル体30d、30gの製造方法として、予め面状に形成された導電部に対してプレス加工、レーザー加工、又はエッチング等を施して分離部35d、35g等を形成する方法について説明したが、蒸着、スパッタリング、メッキ等の手段を用いて、分離部35d、35g及び絶縁部33d、33g以外の導電体31d、31d’、31g、31g’部分を形成することもできる。
さらに、上記実施例のボイスコイル振動板と組合せて使用する磁石板の構造は、上記実施例で説明したものに限定されるものではなく、適宜、選択することができる。よって、従来の磁石板を使用した電気音響変換器の振動板の代わりに、上記実施例のボイスコイル振動板を適用できる場合は、これらの採用によって高音質が得られる。
Claims (6)
- 導電部を巻回状態とした面状のコイル体を有し、磁石板に対面して配置され、(a)前記磁石板で形成される磁界と、前記導電部に流れる音響信号電流とによって発生する電磁力で、前記導電部を振動させて音を発生させる、又は(b)前記磁石板で形成される磁界と、音による前記導電部の振動とによって、該導電部に音響信号電流を発生させる電気音響変換器のボイスコイル振動板であって、
前記コイル体は、1又は面状に並列配置された複数の導電体からなる前記導電部と、該導電部を絶縁する絶縁部とを有し、前記各導電体及び前記絶縁部が巻回状態とされることにより、前記コイル体に分離され並列に配置された複数の巻回部が形成され、
前記各巻回部は、(1)隣り合う他の前記巻回部に対して少なくとも振動時に部分的に接触するように配置され、並列に配置された他の前記巻回部と可動連結部で連結され、又は(2)隣り合う他の前記巻回部と、該巻回部の巻回方向に断続的に接合部で接合されていることを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。 - 請求項1記載のボイスコイル振動板において、前記コイル体の一面側に配置され、前記可動連結部が形成された支持体を有し、前記可動連結部は、前記巻回部に面していながら該巻回部に接合されない可動部と、該可動部の両端部で前記巻回部に接合される接合支持部とを有することを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。
- 請求項1記載のボイスコイル振動板において、前記接合部は、前記巻回部の巻回方向及び幅方向に対して千鳥状に配置されていることを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1記載のボイスコイル振動板において、前記導電部は、該導電部の一部又は全体に被膜を有することを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1記載のボイスコイル振動板において、前記導電部は並列配置された複数の前記導電体からなり、前記絶縁部を挟んで隣り合う前記導電体同士は、前記絶縁部で接合されていることを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1記載のボイスコイル振動板において、前記絶縁部は、非駆動用導電体と、該非駆動用導電体の外周を覆う絶縁被膜からなることを特徴とするボイスコイル振動板。
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US17/255,065 US11297435B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Voice coil diaphragm |
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PCT/JP2018/024208 WO2020003381A1 (ja) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | ボイスコイル振動板 |
CN201880094295.XA CN112237011B (zh) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | 音圈振动板 |
JP2018558371A JP6471285B1 (ja) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | ボイスコイル振動板及び電気音響変換器 |
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