WO2019237267A1 - 一种使用pla树脂的可降解地板及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种使用pla树脂的可降解地板及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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WO2019237267A1
WO2019237267A1 PCT/CN2018/090982 CN2018090982W WO2019237267A1 WO 2019237267 A1 WO2019237267 A1 WO 2019237267A1 CN 2018090982 W CN2018090982 W CN 2018090982W WO 2019237267 A1 WO2019237267 A1 WO 2019237267A1
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parts
polylactic acid
weight
acid resin
floor
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PCT/CN2018/090982
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English (en)
French (fr)
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戴会斌
章忠飞
赵培东
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浙江晶通塑胶有限公司
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Priority to CN201880003789.2A priority Critical patent/CN109963907A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/090982 priority patent/WO2019237267A1/zh
Publication of WO2019237267A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019237267A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L93/00—Compositions of natural resins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L93/04—Rosin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of flooring, in particular to a degradable flooring using PLA resin and a production process thereof.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a degradable floor using PLA resin which is easy to degrade and convenient to handle.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a degradable floor using PLA resin, whose raw material is a polylactic acid resin mixture.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • Polylactic acid is prepared by polymerizing lactic acid prepared by fermenting starch extracted from corn, potatoes, etc. After landfill treatment, it can be degraded into water and carbon dioxide in 3 months, which is very environmentally friendly.
  • the polylactic acid resin mixture further includes at least one of a plasticizer, a melt strength enhancer, a lubricant, a hydrolysis resistance agent, and a chain extender.
  • the filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, wood flour, titanium dioxide, and pine resin.
  • the polylactic acid resin contains 3 to 60 parts by weight of a non-phthalate plasticizer and 0.05 to 12 parts by weight of an acrylic copolymer as a melt strength enhancer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin.
  • the polylactic acid resin further contains 0.02 to 5 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid, 0.01 to 6 parts by weight of a chain extender, 8 parts by weight or less of a hydrolysis resistance agent, and 600 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin.
  • a higher fatty acid 0.01 to 6 parts by weight of a chain extender, 8 parts by weight or less of a hydrolysis resistance agent, and 600 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin.
  • the thickness is 2 to 10 mm.
  • the polylactic acid resin is an amorphous polylactic acid resin.
  • Polylactic acid resins can be divided into crystalline polylactic acid (c-polylactic acid) resins and amorphous polylactic acid (a-polylactic acid) resins.
  • a crystalline polylactic acid resin a bleeding phenomenon of a plasticizer flowing out to the surface of the sheet may be generated. Therefore, an amorphous polylactic acid resin is preferably used.
  • an amorphous polylactic acid resin is used, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to add a compatibilizer which must be added in order to prevent bleeding.
  • the polylactic acid resin uses a 100% amorphous polylactic acid resin.
  • the invention also provides a production process of a degradable floor using PLA resin, including the following steps,
  • Step 1 granulate, mix the polylactic acid resin mixture evenly and granulate
  • Step 2 Extrude and extrude through an extruder.
  • the thickness of the sheet is 2-10mm, and the extrusion temperature is 110-230 ° C.
  • Step 3 print the pattern, and print the pattern on the upper surface of the board through 3D technology
  • Step four the film is coated and cured by UV coating
  • Step five slitting and cutting to a predetermined size
  • Step 6 Slot or trim.
  • the present invention has the following advantages: the floor is prepared by using polylactate instead of the prior art PVC material, and the easily degradable property of polylactate is used to make the prepared floor degradable and discarded It is easy to dispose afterwards, and can be biodegraded by landfill.
  • the degradation cycle is generally 3 months, which is very environmentally friendly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • a degradable floor using PLA resin whose raw material is a mixture of polylactic acid resin.
  • the polylactic acid resin mixture includes, in addition to the polylactic acid resin, at least one of a plasticizer, a melt strength enhancer, a lubricant, a hydrolysis resistance agent, and a chain extender.
  • Polylactic acid resins can be divided into crystalline polylactic acid (c-polylactic acid) resins and amorphous polylactic acid (a-polylactic acid) resins.
  • a crystalline polylactic acid resin a bleeding phenomenon of a plasticizer flowing out to the surface of the sheet may be generated. Therefore, an amorphous polylactic acid resin is preferably used.
  • an amorphous polylactic acid resin is preferred, the type of the polylactic acid resin is not particularly limited. It also includes at least one of calcium carbonate, wood flour, titanium dioxide and pine resin. Among them, calcium carbonate is used as a filler, titanium dioxide is used as a colorant, and wood flour and turpentine are used as natural texture and fragrance sources, respectively.
  • the plasticizer can impart excellent flexibility, impact resistance, and melting efficiency to the composition or a molded body prepared from the composition.
  • the type of plasticizer that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the above-mentioned effects, but it is preferable to use a plasticizer having environmental protection characteristics.
  • a non-phthalate plasticizer is used, which softens the polylactic acid resin and increases the thermoplasticity, thereby allowing the floor to be easily processed at a high temperature.
  • the non-phthalate plasticizer include tripropyl citrate (TPC), acetyl tripropyl citrate (ATPC), and trihexyl citrate (THC).
  • the polylactic acid resin composition contains lubricants.
  • lubricants There are many types of lubricants, but as long as they perform the above functions, they are not particularly limited.
  • Silicides such as stearic acid, metal stearic acid salts (for example, calcium, magnesium, or lead salts) and mineral oils can be used.
  • the acrylic copolymer is used as a melt strength enhancer.
  • the polylactic acid resin its own melt strength or heat resistance is relatively weak, and the acrylic copolymer compensates for this shortcoming of the polylactic acid resin, thereby not only supplementing the melt strength, but also realizing press processing.
  • the aforementioned lubricant prevents accumulation of deposits or cross-linked by-products during melt extrusion.
  • embodiments of the present invention utilize higher fatty acids, which are environmentally friendly lubricants.
  • the polylactic acid resin mixture may further include a hydrolysis resistance agent.
  • a hydrolysis resistance agent may include carbodiimide and oxazoline. It should be understood, however, that any typical hydrolysis resistance can be used without limitation.
  • the chain extender has the effect of increasing the molecular weight based on the extended chain to improve tensile strength, heat resistance, and the like.
  • a chain extender can use a diisocyanate, an epoxy group copolymer, and a hydroxycarboxylic acid compound.
  • it contains 3 to 60 parts by weight of a non-phthalate plasticizer and 0.05 to 12 parts by weight of an acrylic copolymer as a melt strength enhancer relative to 100 parts by weight of a polylactic acid resin. 0.02 to 5 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid, 0.01 to 6 parts by weight of a chain extender, 8 parts by weight or less of a hydrolysis resistance agent, 600 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 150 parts by weight of wood flour, 50 parts by weight One or more of titanium dioxide and 25 parts by weight of turpentine.
  • a degradable floor using PLA resin based on parts by mass, including the following components, 100 parts of polylactic acid resin, 18 parts of non-phthalate plasticizer, 3 parts of acrylic copolymer, and higher fatty acids 1 Parts, 2 parts chain extender, 2 parts hydrolytic resistance agent, 360 parts calcium carbonate, 15 parts wood flour, and 30 parts titanium dioxide.
  • a degradable floor using PLA resin based on parts by mass, including components, 100 parts polylactic acid resin, 4 parts tripropyl citrate, 1 part methyl acrylate, 2 parts stearic acid, and hydroxycarboxylic acid 0.5 parts of compound, 1 part of carbodiimide, 500 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of titanium dioxide, and 3 parts of turpentine.
  • a cross-linking agent and a colorant may be added as required.
  • the following steps are performed to form a degradable floor.
  • a degradable floor using PLA resin including the following steps,
  • Step one granulate, put the polylactic acid resin mixture into a mixer and mix evenly to granulate;
  • Step 2 Extrude and extrude through an extruder.
  • the thickness of the sheet is 9m and the extrusion temperature is 150 ° C.
  • Step 3 Print the pattern, print the pattern on the upper surface of the board through 3D printing technology, and set the pattern as required;
  • Step four the film is coated, and the UV coating is used for curing treatment to realize the anti-fouling, scratch-resistant and wear-resistant performance;
  • Step five slitting and cutting to a predetermined size
  • Step 6 Slotting or trimming, and slotting or trimming according to actual needs.
  • the degradable floor prepared by the above process can be completely degraded in 2-5 months by being buried in the ground, which is very environmentally friendly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板及其生产工艺，其原料为聚乳酸树脂混合物，通过造粒、挤出、图案打印、淋膜、分切、开槽或切边步骤成型。该使用PLA树脂的可降解地板易于降解、废弃后方便处理。

Description

一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板及其生产工艺 技术领域：
本发明涉及地板领域，具体讲是一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板及其生产工艺。
背景技术：
使用聚氯乙烯(PVC)等石油类树脂的地板材广泛地应用于住宅、豪宅、公寓、办公室或店铺等建筑物中。但随着环保意识的提升，废旧塑胶地板的处理成为一个难题，统一回收返回塑胶地板加工企业重新利用成本太高，而就地处理又无相应技术和设备，故如何解决废旧塑胶地板成为一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种易于降解、方便处理的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板。
本发明的技术解决方案是，提供一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其原料为聚乳酸树脂混合物。随着环保意识的增强，聚乳酸(PLA)作为丙交酯或乳酸的热塑性聚酯，由于具有良好的降解性能，已用于医疗用、医药品、食品、化妆品用及工业用(聚乙烯(PE)及聚丙烯(PP)替代用)等多种领域。由于聚乳酸通过聚合使从玉米、土豆等中提取的淀粉发酵而制备的乳酸来制备，通过填埋处理后，其在3个月就能降解为水和二氧化碳，非常环保。
作为优选，聚乳酸树脂混合物除聚乳酸树脂外，还包括增塑剂、熔融强度加强剂、润滑剂、耐水解剂以及扩链剂中的至少一种。
作为优选，填料为碳酸钙、木粉、二氧化钛及松木树脂中的至少一种。
作为优选，相对于100重量份的聚乳酸树脂，包含3～60重量份的非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂及0.05～12重量份的作为熔融强度加强剂的丙烯酸类共聚物。
作为优选，相对于100重量份的聚乳酸树脂，还包含作为润滑剂的0.02～5重量份的高级脂肪酸、0.01～6重量份的扩链剂、8重量份以下的耐水解剂、600重量份以下的碳酸钙、150重量份以下的木粉、50重量份以下的二氧化钛及25重量份以下的松脂中的一种以上。
作为优选，其厚度为2～10mm。
作为优选，聚乳酸树脂为非晶质聚乳酸树脂。聚乳酸树脂可区分为晶质聚乳酸(c-聚乳酸)树脂与非晶质聚乳酸(a-聚乳酸)树脂。在晶质聚乳酸树脂的情况下，可产生增塑剂向薄片的表面流出的渗出现象，因此优选地，利用非晶质聚乳酸树脂。在利用非晶质聚乳酸树脂的情况下，具有无需添加为了防止渗出现象而必须添加的相容剂的优点。在利用非晶质聚乳酸树脂的情况下，最优选地，聚乳酸树脂利用100％非晶质聚乳酸树脂。
本发明还提供一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板的生产工艺，包括以下步骤，
步骤一，造粒，将聚乳酸树脂混合物混合均匀后造粒；
步骤二，挤出，通过挤出机挤出成型，板材厚度为2～10mm，挤出温度为110-230℃；
步骤三，图案打印，通过3D技术在板材上表面打印图案；
步骤四，淋膜，利用UV涂层固化处理；
步骤五，分切，按预定尺寸进行裁切；
步骤六，开槽或切边。
采用以上方案后与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：通过聚乳酸酯替代现有技术的PVC材料制备地板，利用聚乳酸酯易降解的特性，使得制备的地板可以降解，废弃后方便处理，通过填埋方式即可自行生物降解，降解周期一般在3个月作用，非常环保。
附图说明：
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
下面就具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其原料为聚乳酸树脂混合物。其中，聚乳酸树脂混合物除聚乳酸树脂外，还包括增塑剂、熔融强度加强剂、润滑剂、耐水解剂以及扩链剂中的至少一种。聚乳酸树脂可区分为晶质聚乳酸(c-聚乳酸)树脂与非晶质聚乳酸(a-聚乳酸)树脂。在晶质聚乳酸树脂的情况下，可产生增塑剂向薄片的表面流出的渗出现象，因此优选地，利用非晶质聚乳酸树脂。本 发明中，虽然优选非晶质聚乳酸树脂，但聚乳酸树脂的种类不受特殊限制。还包括碳酸钙、木粉、二氧化钛及松木树脂中的至少一种。当这其中，碳酸钙作为填料，二氧化钛作为着色剂，木粉和松脂分别作为天然纹理和香味来源。
增塑剂可对组合物或从组合物制备的成形体赋予优秀的柔韧性、耐冲击性及熔融效率。能够在本发明使用的增塑剂的种类只要是能够执行上述作用的，就不受特殊限制，但优选地，使用具有环保特性的增塑剂。这时，作为上述环保增塑剂，使用非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂，而这使聚乳酸树脂软化，使得热塑性增大，由此使地板在高温下容易地进行成型加工。作为上述非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂，可使用柠檬酸三丙酯(TPC)、乙酰柠檬酸三丙酯(ATPC)、柠檬酸三己酯(THC)等。
为了防止在熔融挤压等过程中积累沉淀物或交联物，聚乳酸树脂组合物包含了润滑剂，这种润滑剂具有很多种类，但只要是执行上述作用的，就不受特殊限制，例如，可使用硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐(例如，钙盐、镁盐或铅盐)和矿物油之类的硅化物。
丙烯酸类共聚物使用为熔融强度加强剂。就聚乳酸树脂而言，其本身熔融强度或耐热性比较弱，丙烯酸类共聚物弥补聚乳酸树脂的这种缺点，由此不仅可以补充熔融强度，也可以实现压制加工。
进一步地，上述润滑剂在熔融挤出过程中防止沉积物或交联副产物的累积。在多种润滑剂中，本发明的实施方案应用高级脂肪酸，其是环境友好型的润滑剂。
为了防止聚乳酸树脂混合物通过聚乳酸树脂的水解在机械性能(例如抗冲击性)的恶化，聚乳酸树脂混合物可进一步包括耐水解剂。耐水解剂的例子可包括碳化二亚胺和恶唑啉。然而，应当理解，可使用任意典型的耐水解剂而没有限制。
上述扩链剂起到增加基于扩延链子的分子量，来提高拉伸强度、耐热性等的作用，这种扩链剂可以利用二异氰酸酯、环氧群共聚物及羟基羧酸化合物等。
具体的，相对于100重量份的聚乳酸树脂，包含3～60重量份的非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂及0.05～12重量份的作为熔融强度加强剂的丙烯酸类共聚 物，还包含作为润滑剂的0.02～5重量份的高级脂肪酸、0.01～6重量份的扩链剂、8重量份以下的耐水解剂、600重量份以下的碳酸钙、150重量份以下的木粉、50重量份以下的二氧化钛及25重量份以下的松脂中的一种以上。
实施例1
一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，按质量份数计，包括以下组分，聚乳酸树脂100份，非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂18份，丙烯酸类共聚物3份，高级脂肪酸1份，扩链剂2份，耐水解剂2份，碳酸钙360份，木粉15份，二氧化钛30份。
实施例2
一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，按质量份数计，包括以组分，聚乳酸树脂100份，柠檬酸三丙酯4份，丙烯酸甲酯1份，硬脂酸2份，羟基羧酸化合物0.5份，碳化二亚胺1份，碳酸钙500份，二氧化钛10份，松脂3份。另外还可以根据需要添加交联剂和着色剂。
以下，根据上述实施例的组分组成，按以下步骤进行制备，形成可降解地板。
一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，包括以下步骤，
步骤一，造粒，将聚乳酸树脂混合物投入混合机混合均匀后造粒；
步骤二，挤出，通过挤出机挤出成型，板材厚度为9m，挤出温度为150℃；
步骤三，图案打印，通过3D打印技术在板材上表面打印图案，图案根据需要设定；
步骤四，淋膜，利用UV涂层固化处理，实现耐污、耐刮、耐磨性能；
步骤五，分切，按预定尺寸进行裁切；
步骤六，开槽或切边，根据实际需要进行开槽或切边处理。
上述工艺制备的可降解地板在废弃后，通过填埋地下，在2-5个月即可实现完全降解，非常环保。
以上仅就本发明较佳的实施例作了说明，但不能理解为是对权利要求的限制。凡是利用本发明说明书所做的等效结构或等效流程变换，均包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：其原料为聚乳酸树脂混合物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：聚乳酸树脂混合物除聚乳酸树脂外，还包括增塑剂、熔融强度加强剂、润滑剂、耐水解剂以及扩链剂中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：还包括碳酸钙、木粉、二氧化钛及松脂中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：相对于100重量份的聚乳酸树脂，包含3～60重量份的非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂及0.05～12重量份的作为熔融强度加强剂的丙烯酸类共聚物。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：相对于100重量份的聚乳酸树脂，还包含作为润滑剂的0.02～5重量份的高级脂肪酸、0.01～6重量份的扩链剂、8重量份以下的耐水解剂、600重量份以下的碳酸钙、150重量份以下的木粉、50重量份以下的二氧化钛及25重量份以下的松脂中的一种以上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：其厚度为2～10mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的使用PLA树脂的可降解地板，其特征在于：聚乳酸树脂为非晶质聚乳酸树脂。
  8. 一种使用PLA树脂的可降解地板的生产工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，
    步骤一，造粒，将聚乳酸树脂混合物混合均匀后造粒；
    步骤二，挤出，通过挤出机挤出成型，板材厚度为2～10mm，挤出温度为110-230℃；
    步骤三，图案打印，通过3D打印技术在板材上表面打印图案；
    步骤四，淋膜，利用UV涂层固化处理；
    步骤五，分切，按预定尺寸进行裁切；
    步骤六，开槽或切边。
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