WO2019205643A1 - 一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统及工作方法 - Google Patents

一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统及工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205643A1
WO2019205643A1 PCT/CN2018/119447 CN2018119447W WO2019205643A1 WO 2019205643 A1 WO2019205643 A1 WO 2019205643A1 CN 2018119447 W CN2018119447 W CN 2018119447W WO 2019205643 A1 WO2019205643 A1 WO 2019205643A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
milling machine
nozzle
cutting fluid
milling
slider
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/119447
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李长河
武文涛
曹华军
毛聪
丁文锋
张乃庆
隋梦华
翟涵
高腾
张彦彬
杨敏
贾东洲
殷庆安
张晓阳
侯亚丽
Original Assignee
青岛理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201820589098.2U external-priority patent/CN208246413U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810372196.5A external-priority patent/CN108436586B/zh
Application filed by 青岛理工大学 filed Critical 青岛理工大学
Priority to US16/959,612 priority Critical patent/US11794298B2/en
Publication of WO2019205643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205643A1/zh
Priority to US16/711,851 priority patent/US11524379B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1076—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work with a cutting liquid nozzle specially adaptable to different kinds of machining operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during milling
    • B23C2250/12—Cooling and lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2717/00—Arrangements for indicating or measuring
    • B23Q2717/006—Arrangements for indicating or measuring in milling machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303752—Process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303976—Milling with means to control temperature or lubricate
    • Y10T409/304032—Cutter or work

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, in particular to a milling machine processing system and a working method capable of intelligently following a cutting fluid nozzle.
  • the cutting fluid is usually used in the machining process to remove the heat in the cutting zone, thereby effectively reducing the cutting temperature.
  • the reduction in cutting temperature reduces the thermal deformation of the workpiece and the tool and maintains the tool hardness, which in turn improves machining accuracy and tool durability.
  • the cutting fluid forms a local lubricating film in the processing area, which can reduce the friction between the rake face/chip and the flank/machined surface, thereby reducing the cutting force and cutting heat, and improving the surface quality of the workpiece and the service life of the tool. .
  • the cutting fluid has good cleaning and chip removing effect, which can effectively remove the surface contaminants and chips, thus ensuring the sharpness of the tool and not affecting the cutting effect.
  • the cutting fluid also has a certain anti-rust ability, and can effectively prevent the workpiece from corroding by contact with corrosive medium such as sludge generated by environmental medium and cutting fluid component decomposition or oxidative deterioration.
  • corrosive medium such as sludge generated by environmental medium and cutting fluid component decomposition or oxidative deterioration.
  • These functions of the cutting fluid make it widely used in various fields including machine tool processing.
  • the use of cutting fluid also brings many problems. In the actual milling process, the temperature of the cutting zone changes with the change of the milling parameters, but the traditional cutting fluid supply mode cannot be corresponding to the temperature difference of different processing zones. Adjusting the supply of cutting fluid, the overall cooling effect is not good, and there are also defects such as low use efficiency of cutting fluid, waste of resources and environmental pollution.
  • the lifting box is fixed on the mounting frame, and the first bevel gear is arranged inside the lifting box. , second bevel gears and bearings.
  • the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear mesh, the first bevel gear is connected with a handle, and the handle extends to the outside of the lifting box.
  • the second bevel gear is provided with an extension, the outer ring of the bearing is connected to the inner wall of the lifting box, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the extension.
  • a threaded hole is provided in the second bevel gear, and the discharge pipe passes through the threaded hole and is screwed thereto.
  • One end of the liquid discharge pipe is provided with a liquid discharge nozzle, and the other end is connected with a hose for introducing the cutting fluid, so that the nozzle realizes up and down displacement and rotation.
  • Tang Zhizhi of Donghua University invented a machine tool cutting fluid external cooling device (Patent No.: 201610949798.3), including a casing and a cam coaxially disposed in the casing.
  • the main shaft of the motor is coaxially connected with the pinion gear, and the pinion gear Engaged with the large gear, the large gear is fixed to the cam, and the cam is in contact with the rocker of the nozzle.
  • the rotation of the motor drives the pinion to rotate, and the large gear and the pinion mesh to move, thereby driving the cam to rotate around the center of the casing; the cam rotation drives the nozzle to move linearly, thereby driving the nozzle to rotate, and the coolant is sprayed through the nozzle to cool the machine tool.
  • the device can automatically change the spray angle of the nozzle in real time according to the machine tool's working state, according to the machine tool's call to different tools, to achieve efficient, accurate and safe injection effect on the machine tool.
  • a machine tool and its cutting and cooling system including a coolant storage tank for storing coolant, and for pumping coolant.
  • a pump an infusion tube for outputting a cooling liquid, a head assembly for ejecting the coolant, and a fixing assembly for fixing the head unit to a table of the machine tool.
  • the pump is disposed on the coolant storage tank and connected to the nozzle assembly through the infusion tube.
  • the nozzle assembly comprises a pipe joint, a joint fixing plate and a liquid discharge head, the pipe joint is fixed on the joint fixing plate, the infusion pipe is connected to the liquid discharge head through the pipe joint, and the spray head is provided with a nozzle.
  • Luo Zhiqin of Zhaoqing High-tech Zone National Technology Co., Ltd. invented a stainless steel workpiece cutting device (Patent No.: 201711064381.X).
  • One end of the spindle can be rotatably connected to the frame, and the other end of the spindle is connected to the tool.
  • the rack is fixedly connected.
  • the gas-liquid mixture is sent to the knife edge through the nozzle to produce a good lubrication effect, the air flow blows away the accumulated debris, and the knife edge temperature is rapidly lowered.
  • Xiao Ming et al. of Wuhan University of Science and Technology invented a self-starting less cutting fluid cooling lubrication system (Patent No.: 201410119725.2), including ultrasonic atomizing unit, nozzle atomizing unit, cutting heat detecting unit and circuit control module, based on The cutting tool face temperature detected by the cutting heat detecting unit in real time is integrated and controlled by these atomizing components, thereby realizing flexible combination application of various cooling lubricating media. It can greatly reduce the amount of cutting fluid while ensuring the overall good cooling and lubricating effect, and has the characteristics of good cooling effect, easy handling and wide application.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art described above, and provide a milling machine processing system capable of intelligently following a cutting fluid nozzle, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of the cutting fluid, reduce the temperature of the whole cutting zone, and improve the lubrication cooling effect.
  • the intelligent supply of cutting fluids in the field of machining offers new technological directions.
  • a cutting fluid nozzle intelligently following milling machine processing system comprising a workpiece table, a milling machine box is arranged above the workpiece table, and a milling cutter mechanism is mounted on the milling machine box for processing workpieces on the workpiece table a rotating mechanism is mounted on an end surface of the milling machine box on one side of the milling cutter, and the rotating mechanism is coupled to the two-axis linkage mechanism to drive the two-axis linkage mechanism to rotate around the center line of the milling cutter, and the two-axis linkage system passes the angle
  • the adjustment mechanism is coupled to the nozzle for adjusting the position and angle of the nozzle, and the milling machine processing system further has an infrared temperature detecting module for collecting the temperature of the processing zone.
  • the rotating mechanism comprises a large ring gear fixed to the lower end surface of the milling machine casing and coaxial with the milling cutter, the large ring gear meshes with the pinion gear through internal meshing, the pinion gear is connected with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism and the rotation
  • the ring is fixedly connected, and the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the milling mechanism.
  • the two-axis linkage mechanism includes a Y-direction moving mechanism and an X-direction moving mechanism connected to the Y-direction moving mechanism, and the Y-direction moving mechanism is coupled to the rotating mechanism.
  • the Y-direction moving mechanism adopts a ball screw nut transmission mechanism, and the screw nut of the Y-direction moving mechanism is equipped with a first slider, and the first slider is fixedly connected with the X-direction moving mechanism to drive the X Movement to the moving body.
  • the X-direction moving mechanism adopts a ball screw nut transmission mechanism
  • the screw nut of the X-direction moving mechanism is equipped with a second slider
  • the second slider is internally equipped with an angle adjusting mechanism.
  • the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the nozzle.
  • the angle adjustment mechanism includes a turbine, a worm, and a turbine shaft.
  • the worm extends to the outside of the second slider and is rotatably coupled thereto.
  • the worm meshes with the turbine, and the turbine is fixedly coupled to the turbine shaft.
  • the second slider is rotatably coupled and protrudes to the outside of the second slider, and one end of the turbine shaft extending to the outside of the second slider is fixedly coupled to the nozzle.
  • one end of the worm shaft extending to the outside of the second slider has a hexagonal square head, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the nozzle by using a wrench.
  • a second 0-360° end mark is disposed on the end surface of the second slider on the side where the nozzle is located.
  • the nozzle has a straight cylindrical shape, and a linear scale line is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle.
  • the invention also discloses a working method of a milling machine processing system capable of intelligently following a cutting fluid nozzle, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the workpiece to the workpiece table.
  • Step 2 Adjust the position of the milling cutter mechanism so that the milling cutter of the milling cutter mechanism is in contact with the surface to be machined of the workpiece, start the working of the milling cutter mechanism, and process the workpiece.
  • the infrared temperature detecting module collects the temperature of the processing zone in real time. The information is distributed and fed back to the control system of the milling machine.
  • the milling machine control system controls the rotation mechanism and the two-axis linkage mechanism to adjust the nozzle position and adjust the amount of cutting fluid supply.
  • the nozzle adjusts the position and the supply amount of the cutting fluid in real time according to the temperature collection condition, and adjusts the amount of the cutting fluid in different regions as needed, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient local liquid supply and waste of cutting fluid resources due to excessive partial liquid supply.
  • the milling machine processing system of the invention has a rotating mechanism and a two-axis linkage mechanism, and the rotation mechanism, the Y-direction moving mechanism and the X-direction moving mechanism are flexibly matched to realize effective controllable nozzle injection angle, distance and flow rate. Thereby, the intelligent liquid supply in the processing area is realized, and problems such as insufficient local liquid supply and overheating and waste caused by excessive partial liquid supply are avoided.
  • the milling machine processing system of the invention accurately collects the temperature of the milling processing zone by the infrared temperature detecting module, and transmits the signal to the control system of the cutting fluid supply milling machine in real time to realize intelligent liquid supply, and has the characteristics of sensitive response, convenient control and high control precision. It can guarantee the intelligent supply of cutting fluid.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the rotating mechanism and the milling cutter mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the large ring gear and the pinion gear of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the first motor, the pinion gear and the rotating ring of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the rotating ring and the protective cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the direction A in Figure 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the axial direction of the Y-direction moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the Y-direction guide rail and the rotating ring of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the B direction in Figure 8 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the Y-direction moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of the Y-direction moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the D direction in Figure 11 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the axial direction of the X-direction moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the X-direction moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view 1 of the angle adjusting mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a second schematic view of the angle adjusting mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the explosion structure of the nozzle holder and the nozzle of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the nozzle holder and the worm according to the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view of the working principle of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram 2 of the working principle of the present invention.
  • the existing milling machine processing system fails to realize the real-time adjustment of the supply amount of the cutting fluid with the change of the milling position, and there are still problems such as insufficient local liquid supply and waste of cutting fluid resources caused by excessive partial liquid supply, etc.
  • the present application proposes a milling machine processing system in which the cutting fluid nozzle can be intelligently followed.
  • a cutting fluid nozzle intelligently following milling machine processing system includes a workpiece table 1 above which a milling machine housing 2 is disposed.
  • a milling cutter mechanism 3 is mounted on the milling machine housing for machining a workpiece on the workpiece table, and a rotating mechanism 4 is mounted on an end surface of the milling machine housing on one side of the milling cutter, and the rotating mechanism is coupled to the two-axis linkage mechanism.
  • the two-axis linkage system is connected with the nozzle 7 through an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position and angle of the nozzle, and the milling machine processing system further has an infrared temperature detecting module. Used to collect the temperature of the processing zone.
  • the workpiece table, the milling box body and the milling cutter mechanism adopt the structure of an existing milling machine, and the milling cutter mechanism has a milling cutter 3-1 for machining a workpiece, the milling cutter is fixed on the shank 3-2, the shank
  • the protective sleeve 3-3 is connected to the power unit in the milling box, and the specific structure thereof will not be described in detail herein.
  • the rotating mechanism 4 includes an annular large ring gear 4-1, and the upper end surface of the large ring gear is attached with a magnetic material, and is fixedly adsorbed to the lower surface of the milling box, and the inside of the large ring gear has teeth through the internal meshing
  • the form is meshed with the pinion gear 4-2, and the pinion gear is coupled to the drive mechanism.
  • the drive mechanism employs a first motor 4-3, and the output shaft of the first motor passes through the shaft end baffle 4-4.
  • the fixing screw is fixedly connected with the pinion gear, and the pinion gear has a certain distance from the lower surface of the milling machine box, preventing the pinion gear from directly contacting the milling box, and generating friction, which is not conducive to the rotation of the pinion gear.
  • the first motor and the upper end surface of the rotating ring 4-5 are fixedly connected by four bolts and washers, and the rotating ring is rotatably connected with the protective sleeve through the thrust spherical roller bearing 4-6, and the inside of the thrust spherical roller bearing
  • the ring is directly sleeved on the protective sleeve, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the rotating ring through an interference fit.
  • the upper end surface of the thrust spherical roller bearing is provided with a bearing retaining ring 4-7, and the bearing retaining ring passes through fixing bolts and washers.
  • a fixed connection is made to the upper end surface of the rotating ring, and the rotating ring is axially positioned.
  • the lower end surface of the thrust spherical roller bearing is provided with a bearing snap ring 4-8, and the bearing snap ring includes two semi-circular snap rings.
  • the two semicircular snap rings 4-8-1 are fixed by bolts and washers and are clamped to the protective sleeve to prevent the thrust spherical roller bearings from falling.
  • the pinion rotates circumferentially along the large ring gear, and the rotating ring liquid starts to rotate, thereby driving the two-axis linkage mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism and the nozzle to rotate circumferentially around the central axis of the milling cutter.
  • the two-axis linkage mechanism includes a Y-direction moving mechanism 5 and an X-direction moving mechanism 6.
  • the Y-direction moving mechanism 5 adopts a first ball screw nut transmission mechanism, including a Y-direction guide rail 5-1, the Y-direction guide rail has an overhanging plate 5-1-1, through an overhanging plate and 8 fixing screws,
  • the spring washer is fixed on the outer side surface of the rotating ring, and the outer lead plate passes through the first lead screw 5-2, and the two ends of the first lead screw pass through the first angular contact ball bearing 5-3 respectively on the upper cover 5-4 and the lower cover 5-5 are connected, the first angular contact ball bearing can support the first lead screw and ensure the rotation precision thereof, and the first angular contact ball bearing realizes the axial positioning by using the lower cover and the shoulder, and Set the shaft with circlip 5-6 to prevent its axial movement.
  • the angular contact is usually grease-lubricated.
  • a first oil slinger 5-7 is disposed inside the first angular contact ball bearing, and the first oil slinger rotates together with the first screw and the first angular contact ball bearing inner ring, and the lower cover is fixed by fixing screws and washers On the Y-direction rail, and adjusting the installation distance by using the adjusting gasket, the lower cover also functions as a dustproof and sealing function, and the upper cover
  • the upper cover is fixed to the outer extension plate by a fixing screw and a washer, and the upper cover is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the first sealing ring 5-8 is disposed inside the T-shaped groove to prevent chips, water or other debris from entering the first angular contact ball.
  • the bearing prevents the loss of the lubricant, and an adjusting spacer 5-9 is disposed between the upper cover and the overhanging plate for positioning the upper cover.
  • the first lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 5-11 through the plum coupling 5-10, the second motor is fixed on the outer extension plate, and the first lead screw is equipped with the first screw nut 5-12
  • the slewing pair is formed, and the lead screw nut is fixed with a first slider 5-13 through a screw and a washer, and the first slider is embedded in the T-shaped chute of the Y-direction rail.
  • the X-direction moving mechanism 6 adopts a second ball screw nut transmission mechanism, which has a structure similar to that of the first ball screw nut transmission mechanism, and is driven by the third motor 6-7, and the difference is that the X-direction guide rail is included.
  • 6-1 the X-direction rail is fixedly connected to the first slider, and the second lead screw 6-6 of the second ball screw nut transmission mechanism is equipped with a second lead screw nut 6-3, the first A second slider 6-2 is mounted on the second lead screw nut, and the second slider is composed of a plurality of cover plates.
  • the inner space of the second slider is divided into two parts, and a part is used for accommodating the second part.
  • the angle adjustment mechanism includes a turbine 6-3, a worm 6-4 and a turbine shaft 6-5, the turbine shaft extending out of the second slider, through the second angular contact ball bearing 6-6 and the second slider
  • the cover plate is rotatably connected, the second angular contact ball bearing is axially positioned by the shoulder and the cover plate, and the second sealing ring 6-7 is disposed at the connection between the turbine shaft and the second sliding cover plate to prevent The external dust enters the inside of the second slider, and also prevents the splashing of the chips and the coolant from entering the milling machine to affect the accuracy of the angle adjusting mechanism.
  • the turbine shaft is fixedly connected to the turbine 6-3 by a key connection, the turbine and the worm 6 -4 meshing, the worm extending outside the second slider, the worm being rotatably coupled to the cover of the second slider via the third angular contact ball bearing 6-10, and providing a second sealing ring for sealing
  • the triangular contact ball bearing utilizes the shoulder of the shoulder and the cover of the second slider to achieve axial positioning, in order to prevent the lubricating oil in the oil pool from being splashed into the third or second angular contact ball bearing to dilute the grease, thereby reducing the lubrication effect, Inside the third angular contact ball bearing and the second angular contact ball bearing Set the second oil slinger 6-8.
  • One end of the turbine shaft extending from the second slider is fixedly connected to the nozzle 7 through a nozzle holder 8.
  • One end of the worm extending from the second slider has a hexagonal square head 6-9, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the nozzle by using a wrench.
  • the cover plate of the second slider on the side of the nozzle is provided with a 0-360° scale line, which is convenient for the operator to adjust the nozzle angle.
  • the nozzle holder 8 comprises two clamping plates 8-1 having a semicircular cross section, the two clamping plates are fixed by bolts and clamped to the nozzles, and the nozzles are processed into a straight cylindrical shape on the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle. A straight line is provided for easy adjustment of the position of the holding nozzle.
  • the infrared temperature detection module uses an external infrared camera to obtain the temperature information of the processing area.
  • the infrared camera is clamped by a universal magnetic table holder, which can continuously adjust the angle of the infrared camera and the temperature of the shooting area to achieve different processing positions.
  • the universal magnetic table seat is sucked into the milling machine through the self-contained magnetic seat, and can be selectively adsorbed to different non-machining positions of the milling machine according to actual needs. This type of installation is adopted, and the utility model can be flexibly adjusted while being realized. .
  • the invention also discloses a working method of a milling machine processing system capable of intelligently following a cutting fluid nozzle, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the workpiece to the workpiece table.
  • Step 2 Adjust the position of the milling cutter mechanism so that the milling cutter of the milling cutter mechanism is in contact with the surface to be machined of the workpiece, start the working of the milling cutter mechanism, and process the workpiece.
  • the infrared temperature detecting module collects the temperature of the processing zone in real time. The information is distributed and fed back to the control system of the milling machine.
  • the milling machine control system controls the rotation mechanism and the two-axis linkage mechanism to adjust the nozzle position and adjust the amount of cutting fluid supply.
  • the angle of the nozzle can be adjusted by turning the hex head with a wrench.
  • the infrared temperature detecting module converts the thermal signal through the radiation light/energy signal through the thermal radiation on the surface of the processing area, and obtains the temperature distribution of the processing area by using the temperature calibration image processing, and transmits the temperature to the control system of the milling machine, and the milling machine control system according to the temperature
  • the control system of the milling machine and the milling machine control system according to the temperature
  • adjusting the position of the nozzle, the region with high temperature adjusting the nozzle close to the region, the low temperature region, adjusting the nozzle away from the region, and adjusting the cutting fluid according to the temperature condition.
  • the supply amount when the temperature is greater than the set temperature, increase the supply amount of the cutting fluid until the temperature is lowered to the set temperature, and then the cutting fluid supply amount is maintained, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the cutting fluid supply amount is decreased, when When the temperature reaches the set temperature, the supply amount of the cutting fluid is maintained.
  • the nozzle adjusts the position and the supply amount of the cutting fluid in real time according to the temperature collection condition, and adjusts the amount of the cutting fluid in different regions as needed, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient local liquid supply and waste of cutting fluid resources due to excessive partial liquid supply.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统及工作方法，包括工件台(1)，工件台(1)上方设置铣床箱体(2)，铣床箱体(2)上安装有铣刀机构(3)，用于对工件台(1)上的工件进行加工，铣床箱体(2)位于铣刀(3-1)一侧的端面安装有转动机构(4)，转动机构(4)与二轴联动机构连接，驱动二轴联动机构绕铣刀(3-1)所在中心线转动，二轴联动系统通过角度调节机构与喷嘴(7)连接，用于调节喷嘴(7)的位置及角度，铣床加工系统还具有红外温度探测模块，用于采集加工区的温度，避免出现局部供液不足及局部供液过量导致的过热和浪费等问题，方便控制，灵敏度高。

Description

一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统及工作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及机械加工设备技术领域，具体涉及一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统及工作方法。
背景技术
在CNC数控铣床上，常采用各类铣刀对金属类工件进行切削加工。切削过程中工件材料在刀具切削作用下发生弹性/塑性变形，进而在切削区产生大量的热，此时加工区域温度瞬时可达到600℃～1200℃。切削时消耗的能量绝大多数都转化为热量聚集在工件及刀具表面，严重影响加工质量和刀具使用寿命，进而降低生产率提高生产成本。
通常在机械加工过程中采用切削液带走切削区热量，从而有效地降低切削温度。切削温度的降低可以减少工件和刀具的热变形并保持刀具硬度，进而提高加工精度和刀具耐用度。切削液在加工区域形成局部润滑膜，可以减小前刀面/切屑以及后刀面/已加工表面间的摩擦，从而减小切削力和切削热，达到提高工件表面质量和刀具使用寿命的目的。同时，切削液有良好的清洗和排屑作用，可有效去除工件表面污染物及切屑，从而保证刀具的锋利，不致影响切削效果。而且切削液也有一定的防锈能力，能有效防止工件与环境介质及切削液组分分解或氧化变质而产生的油泥等腐蚀性介质接触而腐蚀。切削液所具备的这些功能，使得它在包括机床加工的各个领域中获得了广泛的应用。但切削液的使用也带来了很多问题，在实际的铣削加工过程中，随着铣削参数的变化切削区温度也随之变化，但传统的切削液供给方式无法根据不同加工区域温度的差异相应的调整切削液的供给量，总体冷却效果不佳，同时还存在着切削液使用效率偏低、资源浪费以及环境污染等缺陷。
经检索，四会市格鲁森润滑技术有限公司姚军公开了一种切削液喷嘴组件(专利号：201720445942.X)，升降盒固定在安装架上，在升降盒内部设置有第一锥齿轮、第二锥齿轮和轴承。第一锥齿轮和第二锥齿轮啮合，第一锥齿轮连接有把手，把手延伸至升降盒外部。第二锥齿轮设置有延伸部，轴承的外圈连接升降盒的内壁，轴承的内圈连接延伸部。同时在第二锥齿轮上设置有螺纹孔，出液管穿过螺纹孔并与其螺纹连接。出液管的一端设置有出液喷嘴，另一端连接有用于引入去切削液的软管，从而喷嘴实现上下位移与转动。解决现有的切削液喷头长期使用后切削液与刀具切削位置发生偏移，导致润滑 和散热效果差的问题。
经检索，东华大学唐智等发明了一种机床切削液外部冷却装置(专利号：201610949798.3)，包括外壳及同轴设于外壳内的凸轮，电机的主轴与小齿轮同轴连接，小齿轮与大齿轮啮合，大齿轮固连在凸轮上，凸轮与喷嘴的摇把相接触。通过电机转动带动小齿轮转动，大齿轮与小齿轮做啮合运动，从而带动凸轮绕着外壳中心转动；凸轮转动带动喷嘴摇把直线移动，进而驱动喷嘴转动，通过喷嘴喷射冷却液对机床刀具进行冷却。该装置可以在机床工作状态下，根据机床本身对不同刀具的调用，实时的自动改变喷嘴的喷射角度，达到对机床刀具高效、精准、安全的喷射效果。
经检索，广东钶锐锶数控技术有限公司蒙昌敏等公开了一种机床及其切削冷却系统(专利号：201621349629.8)，包括用于储存冷却液的冷却液储存箱、用于泵送冷却液的泵浦、用于输出冷却液的输液管、用于喷出冷却液的喷头组件和用于将所述喷头组件固定在机床的工作台上的固定组件。泵浦设置于所述冷却液储存箱上、且通过输液管与喷头组件连接。喷头组件包括管接头、接头固定板和喷液头，管接头固定于接头固定板上，输液管通过管接头与喷液头连接，喷液头上设置有喷嘴。切削机构停止加工时，还能持续对工件冷却，迅速使工件温度降低到安全温度，从而保护工件和加工刀具。
经检索，肇庆高新区国专科技有限公司罗志勤等发明了一种不锈钢工件切削装置(专利号：201711064381.X)，主轴一端可转动连接于机架上，主轴另一端与刀具相连，喷嘴侧面与机架固定连接。通过喷嘴将气液混合物送至刀口，产生良好的润滑效果，气流吹去积屑，且迅速降低刀口温度。
经检索，武汉科技大学肖明等人发明了一种自启动少切削液冷却润滑系统(专利号：201410119725.2)，包括超声波雾化单元、喷嘴雾化单元、切削热检测单元和电路控制模块，基于切削热检测单元所实时检测的刀具前刀面温度，通过对这些雾化组件进行一体化控制，由此实现多种冷却润滑介质的灵活组合应用。能够在保证整体良好冷却润滑效果的同时，大幅度降低切削液的用量，同时具备冷却效果好、便于操控和适用面广等特点。
经检索，现有的一些技术虽能够实现切削液流量调节，但未能实现切削液的供给量随铣削位置变化实时调整，依然存在局部供液不足和局部供液过量导致的切削液资源浪费等问题。因此需要设计一种新的切削液可控智能随动喷嘴系统，应实现喷嘴能够随铣刀运动，且能保持最佳的喷射角度，根据加工实际需要在不同的加工区域合理调节切削液用量，从而在保证冷却润滑效果的同时进一步提高切削液的使用效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，能够有效提高切削液的利用率，降低整体切削区温度，提高润滑冷却效果，为机械加工领域切削液的智能供给提供了新技术方向。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，包括工件台，所述工件台上方设置铣床箱体，所述铣床箱体上安装有铣刀机构，用于对工件台上的工件进行加工，所述铣床箱体位于铣刀一侧的端面安装有转动机构，所述转动机构与二轴联动机构连接，驱动二轴联动机构绕铣刀所在中心线转动，所述二轴联动系统通过角度调节机构与喷嘴连接，用于调节喷嘴的位置及角度，所述铣床加工系统还具有红外温度探测模块，用于采集加工区的温度。
进一步的，所述转动机构包括固定于铣床箱体下端面与铣刀同轴的大齿圈，所述大齿圈通过内啮合与小齿轮相啮合，小齿轮与驱动机构连接，驱动机构与旋转环固定连接，旋转环可转动的与铣刀机构连接。
进一步的，所述二轴联动机构包括Y向移动机构及与Y向移动机构连接的X向移动机构，所述Y向移动机构与转动机构连接。
进一步的，所述Y向移动机构采用滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，所述Y向移动机构的丝杠螺母装配有第一滑块，所述第一滑块与X向移动机构固定连接，驱动X向移动机构的运动。
进一步的，所述向X向移动机构采用滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，所述X向移动机构的丝杠螺母上装配有第二滑块，所述第二滑块内部安装有角度调节机构，所述角度调节机构与喷嘴固定连接。
进一步的，所述角度调节机构包括涡轮、蜗杆及涡轮轴，所述蜗杆伸出至第二滑块外部，并且与其可转动连接，蜗杆与涡轮相啮合，涡轮与涡轮轴固定连接，涡轮轴与第二滑块可转动连接，并且伸出至第二滑块的外部，所述涡轮轴伸出至第二滑块外部的一端固定连接喷嘴。
进一步的，所述蜗杆轴伸出至第二滑块外部的一端具有六角方头，方便使用扳手调节喷嘴的角度。
进一步的，所述喷嘴所在一侧的第二滑块端面上设有0°-360°的刻度线。
进一步的，所述喷嘴为直筒状，喷嘴外圆周面上设有直线刻度线。
本发明还公开了一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统的工作方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将工件固定于工件台上。
步骤2：调整铣刀机构的位置，使铣刀机构的铣刀与工件的待加工面接触，启动铣刀机构工作，对工件进行加工，加工过程中，红外温度探测模块实时采集加工区的温度分布信息，并反馈给铣床的控制系统，铣床控制系统控制转动机构及二轴联动机构工作，调整喷嘴位置，并调节切削液供给量大小。
喷嘴根据温度采集情况实时调整位置及切削液供给量，根据需要在不同的区域合理调节切削液用量，避免了局部供液不足和局部供液过量导致切削液资源浪费的问题。
本发明的有益效果：
1.本发明的铣床加工系统，具有转动机构、二轴联动机构，利用转动机构、Y向移动机构及X向移动机构灵活配合，实现喷嘴喷射角度、距离及流量率的有效可控。从而实现了加工区域的智能供液，避免出现局部供液不足及局部供液过量导致的过热和浪费等问题，
2.本发明的铣床加工系统，通过红外温度探测模块准确采集铣削加工区温度，实时将信号传输到切削液供给铣床的控制系统实现智能供液，具有响应灵敏、便于操控、控制精度高等特点，能够保证切削液的智能供给。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限定。
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明转动机构与铣刀机构装配示意图；
图3为本发明大齿圈与小齿轮配合示意图；
图4为本发明第一电机与小齿轮及旋转环配合示意图；
图5为本发明旋转环与保护套配合示意图；
图6为本发明图5中的A向示意图；
图7为本发明Y向移动机构轴测示意图；
图8为本发明Y向导轨与旋转环配合示意图；
图9为本发明图8中的B向示意图；
图10为本发明Y向移动机构内部结构示意图；
图11为本发明Y向移动机构主视示意图；
图12为本发明图11中的D向示意图；
图13为本发明X向移动机构轴测示意图；
图14为本发明X向移动机构内部结构示意图；
图15为本发明角度调节机构示意图一；
图16为本发明角度调节机构示意图二；
图17为本发明喷嘴夹持器与喷嘴爆炸结构示意图；
图18为本发明喷嘴夹持器与蜗杆装配示意图；
图19为本发明工作原理示意图一；
图20为本发明工作原理示意图二；
其中，1.工件台，2.铣床箱体，3.铣刀机构，3-1.铣刀，3-2.刀柄，3-3.保护套，4.转动机构，4-1.大齿圈，4-2.小齿轮，4-3.第一电机，4-4.轴端挡板，4-5.旋转环，4-6.推力调心滚子轴承，4-7.轴承挡环，4-8.轴承卡环，4-8-1.半圆形卡环，5.Y向移动机构，5-1.Y向导轨，5-1-1.外伸板，5-2.第一丝杠，5-3.第一角接触球轴承，5-4.上盖板，5-5.下盖板，5-6.轴用弹性挡圈，5-7.第一挡油环，5-8.第一密封圈，5-9.调整垫片，5-10.梅花联轴器，5-11.第二电机，5-12.第一丝杠螺母，5-13.第一滑块，6.X向移动机构，6-1.X向导轨，6-2.第二滑块，6-3.涡轮，6-4.蜗杆，6-5.涡轮轴，6-6.第二角接触球轴承，6-7.第二密封圈，6-8.第二挡油环，6-9.六角方头，6-10.第三角接触球轴承。7.喷嘴，8.喷嘴夹持器，8-1.夹持板。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有的铣床加工系统未能实现切削液的供给量随铣削位置变化实时调整，依然存在局部供液不足和局部供液过量导致的切削液资源浪费等问题，针对上述问题，本申请提出了一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统。
本申请的一种典型实施方式中，如图1-20所示，一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，包括工件台1，所述工件台上方设置铣床箱体2，所述铣床箱体上安装有铣刀机构3，用于对工件台上的工件进行加工，所述铣床箱体位于铣刀一侧的端面安装有转动机构4，所述转动机构与二轴联动机构连接，驱动二轴联动机构绕铣刀所在中心线转动，所述二轴联动系统通过角度调节机构与喷嘴7连接，用于调节喷嘴的位置及角度，所述铣床加工系统还具有红外温度探测模块，用于采集加工区的温度。
所述工件台、铣床箱体及铣刀机构采用现有铣床的结构，所述铣刀机构具有加工工件用的铣刀3-1，所述铣刀固定于刀柄3-2上，刀柄通过保护套3-3与铣床箱体内的动力装置连接，其具体结构在此不进行详细叙述。
所述转动机构4包括环形的大齿圈4-1，所述大齿圈的上端面附有磁性材料，与铣床箱的下表面固定吸附，所述大齿圈内侧具有齿，通过内啮合的形式与小齿轮4-2啮合，所述小齿轮与驱动机构连接，优选的，所述驱动机构采用第一电机4-3，所述第一电机的输出轴通过轴端挡板4-4与固定螺钉与小齿轮固定连接，小齿轮与铣床箱下表面具有一定的距离，防止小齿轮与铣床箱直接接触，产生摩擦，不利于小齿轮的转动。所述第一电机与旋转环4-5的上端面通过四个螺栓和垫圈固定连接，旋转环通过推力调心滚子轴承4-6与保护套可转动连接，推力调心滚子轴承的内圈直接套在保护套上，外圈通过过盈配合与旋转环固定连接，所述推力调心滚子轴承上端面上设有轴承挡环4-7，所述轴承挡环通过固定螺栓及垫圈与旋转环上端面固定连接，对旋转环实现轴向定位，所述推力调心滚子轴承下端面处设有轴承卡环4-8，所述轴承卡环包括两个半圆形卡环，两个半圆形卡环4-8-1通过螺栓及垫圈固定，并卡紧在保护套上，防止所述推力调心滚子轴承的掉落。第一电机接通电源后，小齿轮沿大齿圈作周向转动，旋转环液开始转动，进而带动二轴联动机构、角度调节机构及喷嘴绕铣刀的中心轴线做圆周转动。
所述二轴联动机构包括Y向移动机构5及X向移动机构6。
所述Y向移动机构5采用第一滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，包括Y向导轨5-1，所述Y向导轨具有外伸板5-1-1，通过外伸板及8个固定螺钉、弹簧垫圈固定在旋转环的外侧面上，所述外伸板中穿过有第一丝杠5-2，第一丝杠的两端通过第一角接触球轴承5-3分别于上盖板5-4及下盖板5-5连接，第一角接触球轴承可以支撑第一丝杠，并保证其回转精度，第一角接触球轴承利用下盖板和轴肩实现轴向定位，并设置轴用弹性挡圈5-6防止其轴向窜动，角接触通常采用脂润滑，为避免油池中的润滑油被溅至第一角接触球轴承内稀释润滑脂，降低润滑效果，在第一角接触球轴承内侧设第一挡油环5-7，第一挡油环与第一 丝杠及第一角接触球轴承内圈一起旋转，所述下盖板通过固定螺钉及垫圈固定在Y向导轨上，并利用调整垫片调整其安装距离，下盖板还起到防尘和密封作用，所述上盖板通过固定螺钉及垫圈固定在外伸板上，上盖板开设T型凹槽，所述T型凹槽内部设置第一密封圈5-8，阻止切屑、水或其他杂物进入第一角接触球轴承，并阻止润滑剂的流失，上盖板与外伸板之间设置调整垫片5-9，用于对上盖板进行定位。所述第一丝杠通过梅花联轴器5-10与第二电机5-11的输出轴连接，第二电机固定在外伸板上，第一丝杠上装配有第一丝杠螺母5-12，构成回转副，丝杠螺母通过螺钉及垫圈固定有第一滑块5-13，所述第一滑块嵌入Y向导轨的T型滑槽中。
所述向X向移动机构6采用第二滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，其结构与第一滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构相似，由第三电机6-7驱动，其不同之处是，包括X向导轨6-1，所述X向导轨与第一滑块固定连接，所述第二滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构的第二丝杠6-6上装配有第二丝杠螺母6-3，所述第二丝杠螺母上安装有第二滑块6-2，所述第二滑块由多块盖板组合而成，所述第二滑块的内部空间分为两部分，一部分用于容纳第二丝杠螺母、第二丝杠及其装配连接件，另一部分空间用于容纳角度调节机构。
所述角度调节机构包括涡轮6-3、蜗杆6-4及涡轮轴6-5，所述涡轮轴伸出至第二滑块外部，通过第二角接触球轴承6-6与第二滑块的盖板可转动的连接，所述第二角接触球轴承利用轴肩和盖板实现轴向定位，所述涡轮轴与第二滑块盖板连接处设置第二密封圈6-7，防止外界灰尘进入第二滑块内部，也防止铣削时飞溅的切屑和冷却液进入而影响角度调节机构的精度，所述涡轮轴上通过键连接形式固定连接涡轮6-3，所述涡轮与蜗杆6-4相啮合，所述蜗杆伸出至第二滑块外部，蜗杆通过第三角接触球轴承6-10与第二滑块的盖板可转动连接，并且设置第二密封圈进行密封，所述第三角接触球轴承利用轴肩和第二滑块的盖板实现轴向定位，为避免油池中的润滑油被溅至第三或第二角接触球轴承内稀释润滑脂，降低润滑效果，在第三角接触球轴承及第二角接触球轴承内侧设置第二挡油环6-8。
所述涡轮轴伸出第二滑块的一端通过喷嘴夹持器8固定连接喷嘴7，所述蜗杆伸出第二滑块的一端具有六角方头6-9，方便使用扳手调节喷嘴的角度。
所述喷嘴所在一侧的第二滑块的盖板上设有0°-360°的刻度线，方便操作人员对喷嘴角度进行调节。
所述喷嘴夹持器8包括两个截面为半圆形的夹持板8-1，两个夹持板利用螺栓固定并卡紧喷嘴，所述喷嘴加工成直筒状，在喷嘴外圆周表面上设有直线刻度线，方便调整夹 持喷嘴的位置。
红外温度探测模块采用外置红外热像仪，获取加工区的温度信息，红外热像仪采用万向磁力表座夹持，可不断调节红外热像仪的角度和拍摄区域实现不同加工位置的温度获取。将万向磁力表座通过自带的磁力座吸到铣床上，可根据实际需要，选择性的吸附到铣床的不同非加工位置，采用此种安装方式，在实现功用的同时，应用灵活调节方便。
本发明还公开了一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统的工作方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将工件固定于工件台上。
步骤2：调整铣刀机构的位置，使铣刀机构的铣刀与工件的待加工面接触，启动铣刀机构工作，对工件进行加工，加工过程中，红外温度探测模块实时采集加工区的温度分布信息，并反馈给铣床的控制系统，铣床控制系统控制转动机构及二轴联动机构工作，调整喷嘴位置，并调节切削液供给量大小，用扳手转动六角头，可调整喷嘴的角度。
具体的，红外温度探测模块通过加工区表面的热辐射通过辐射光/能信号转换得到热敏信号，利用温度定标图像处理得到加工区温度分布，传输给铣床的控制系统，铣床控制系统根据温度的情况，驱动转动机构及二轴联动机构的工作，调整喷嘴的位置，温度高的区域，可调整喷嘴靠近该区域，温度低区域，可调整喷嘴远离该区域，并根据温度情况调整切削液的供给量，当温度大于设定温度时，增大切削液的供给量，直至温度降低到设定温度，然后保持切削液供给量，当温度小于设定温度时，减小切削液供给量，当温度温度达到设定温度时，保持切削液的供给量。
喷嘴根据温度采集情况实时调整位置及切削液供给量，根据需要在不同的区域合理调节切削液用量，避免了局部供液不足和局部供液过量导致切削液资源浪费的问题。
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，包括工件台，所述工件台上方设置铣床箱体，所述铣床箱体上安装有铣刀机构，用于对工件台上的工件进行加工，其特征在于，所述铣床箱体位于铣刀一侧的端面安装有转动机构，所述转动机构与二轴联动机构连接，驱动二轴联动机构绕铣刀所在中心线转动，所述二轴联动系统通过角度调节机构与喷嘴连接，用于调节喷嘴的位置及角度，所述铣床加工系统还具有红外温度探测模块，用于采集加工区的温度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述转动机构包括固定于铣床箱体下端面与铣刀同轴的大齿圈，所述大齿圈通过内啮合与小齿轮相啮合，小齿轮与驱动机构连接，驱动机构与旋转环固定连接，旋转环可转动的与铣刀机构连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述二轴联动机构包括Y向移动机构及与Y向移动机构连接的X向移动机构，所述Y向移动机构与转动机构连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述Y向移动机构采用滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，所述Y向移动机构的丝杠螺母装配有第一滑块，所述第一滑块与X向移动机构固定连接，驱动X向移动机构的运动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述向X向移动机构采用滚珠丝杠螺母传动机构，所述X向移动机构的丝杠螺母上装配有第二滑块，所述第二滑块内部安装有角度调节机构，所述角度调节机构与喷嘴固定连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述角度调节机构包括涡轮、蜗杆及涡轮轴，所述蜗杆伸出至第二滑块外部，并且与其可转动连接，蜗杆与涡轮相啮合，涡轮与涡轮轴固定连接，涡轮轴与第二滑块可转动连接，并且伸出至第二滑块的外部，所述涡轮轴伸出至第二滑块外部的一端固定连接喷嘴。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述蜗杆轴伸出至第二滑块外部的一端具有六角方头。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特 征在于，所述喷嘴所在一侧的第二滑块端面上设有0°-360°的刻度线。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统，其特征在于，所述喷嘴为直筒状，喷嘴外圆周面上设有直线刻度线。
  10. 一种权利要求1-9任一项所述的切削液喷嘴可智能随动的铣床加工系统的工作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1：将工件固定于工件台上；
    步骤2：调整铣刀机构的位置，使铣刀机构的铣刀与工件的待加工面接触，启动铣刀机构工作，对工件进行加工，加工过程中，红外温度探测模块实时采集加工区的温度分布信息，并反馈给铣床的控制系统，铣床控制系统控制转动机构及二轴联动机构工作，调整喷嘴位置，并调节切削液供给量大小。
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