WO2019174581A1 - 一种抛光装置及制造方法 - Google Patents

一种抛光装置及制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019174581A1
WO2019174581A1 PCT/CN2019/077871 CN2019077871W WO2019174581A1 WO 2019174581 A1 WO2019174581 A1 WO 2019174581A1 CN 2019077871 W CN2019077871 W CN 2019077871W WO 2019174581 A1 WO2019174581 A1 WO 2019174581A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elastic sheet
sheet teeth
teeth
polishing apparatus
annular
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/077871
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋京新
龙慧玲
梁安宁
郭新玲
刘人杰
张少东
王志勇
Original Assignee
桂林创源金刚石有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810201963.6A external-priority patent/CN108188945B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201820334241.3U external-priority patent/CN207629869U/zh
Application filed by 桂林创源金刚石有限公司 filed Critical 桂林创源金刚石有限公司
Priority to EP19767319.7A priority Critical patent/EP3766636A4/en
Publication of WO2019174581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019174581A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B24D3/22—Rubbers synthetic or natural
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
    • B24D13/04—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery comprising a plurality of flaps or strips arranged around the axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
    • B24D13/16—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face comprising pleated flaps or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/18—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor with cooling provisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/009—Tools not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/10—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions, e.g. with radial slots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B24D7/066—Grinding blocks; their mountings or supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/10—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/16—Bushings; Mountings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of abrasive tools, in particular to a polishing device and a manufacturing method for edge polishing.
  • the polishing wheel for edge polishing mainly uses a resin bond and a rubber bond.
  • the resin bond abrasive has high strength, good elasticity, poor heat resistance and good self-excitation, but the porosity is small, easy to block, fast wear, and easy to lose the shape.
  • the rubber bond abrasive has higher strength and elasticity, a small porosity, and poor heat resistance.
  • the above-mentioned bonding agent has poor temperature resistance, and the strength of the bonding agent decreases sharply with the increase of temperature, and it is easy to cause changes in the structure of the softening, melting and carbonization, which directly leads to failure of the performance of the abrasive tool, such as abrasive falling off and sharpness.
  • the binder softens and melts the pores and the like. Therefore, solving the heat dissipation problem in the work of the abrasive tool is a key to ensure the normal use of the abrasive tool.
  • the grinding tool is cooled by a coolant, such as cooling with a coolant such as water or emulsion.
  • the local high temperature also greatly affects the transition band properties of the abrasive and the binder, so that the poor combination of the abrasive and the binder directly leads to a sharp drop in the performance of the abrasive tool.
  • it is necessary to improve the grinding ability, which requires better control of the abrasive, and at the same time requires better cooling.
  • Increasing the elasticity and porosity is not conducive to life and rigidity. Restrictions thus limit the application of high speed and efficient machining.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method for edge polishing which are simple in structure, reliable in manufacturing process, low in manufacturing cost, high in energy saving and safe.
  • a polishing apparatus comprising a plurality of elastic sheet teeth, wherein the plurality of elastic sheet teeth are sequentially stacked to form an annular structure, and two adjacent elastic sheet teeth are closely abutted;
  • the upper end surface or the annular side surface of the annular structure is a grinding working surface, and the grinding working surface has an annular zigzag structure.
  • an upper portion or a side wall of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth is made of an abrasive layer;
  • the plurality of elastic sheet teeth include a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B, and the plurality of elastic sheet teeth A Interlaced with a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B; or a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and one elastic sheet teeth B are alternately arranged; or a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A constitute elastic sheet teeth A group, and a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B constitute elastic sheet teeth In group B, the elastic sheet teeth A group and the elastic sheet teeth B group are alternately arranged; the upper portion of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and the upper portions of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth B constitute an annular zigzag structure.
  • the elastic sheet teeth A are made of a first bonding agent and an abrasive
  • the elastic sheet teeth B are made of a second bonding agent and an abrasive.
  • the invention further includes a base body and a pressure plate having an annular structure, wherein the annular structure formed by the plurality of elastic sheet teeth is fixed on the base body; the pressure plate is disposed in the annular structure, and the pressure plate is connected to the base body by bolts. And squeezing a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth.
  • the base body is provided with a limiting groove disposed along the inner edge of the base ring; a lower portion of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth are embedded in the limiting groove.
  • the end surface of the pressing plate close to the elastic sheet teeth is inclined, and is closely matched with the end surface of the elastic sheet teeth, and the plurality of elastic sheet teeth are restricted.
  • a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth are relatively offset from the radial arrangement of the annular structure.
  • two adjacent elastic sheet teeth are fixedly coupled by gluing and/or fasteners.
  • a method of manufacturing a polishing apparatus comprising the following steps:
  • the ratio of the radial average length to the circumferential average width of each elastic sheet tooth in step S1 is more than 3 times.
  • the elastic sheet teeth are narrow and the quantity is more, the elastic sheet teeth are more susceptible to the yaw displacement, and the force includes centrifugal force, forming a gap, which is beneficial to the penetration of the cooling water by grinding. Zone, the better the cooling effect.
  • this characteristic is also beneficial to adopt relative Finer-grained finishes for high-quality machining, this feature also facilitates efficient machining with relatively faster travel speeds or larger tool sizes.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a polishing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method of the present invention when the grinding portion of the elastic sheet teeth is in contact with the workpiece;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the polishing apparatus and the manufacturing method of the present invention when the grinding portion of the elastic sheet teeth is in contact with the workpiece in the first embodiment;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method of the present invention in which a grinding portion of a single elastic sheet tooth is in contact with a workpiece in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 7 is a partially enlarged view showing a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method of the present invention when all of the grinding portions of the single elastic sheet teeth are in contact with the workpiece in the first embodiment;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a modification of the polishing apparatus and the manufacturing method of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a front view of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a partially enlarged plan view showing an embodiment of a polishing apparatus and a manufacturing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Base body 2
  • elastic sheet teeth 2
  • elastic sheet teeth A 2
  • elastic sheet teeth B 3
  • pressure plate 4
  • grinding working surface 5
  • limit groove 6
  • workpiece 7
  • first gap 8
  • the technical solution of the polishing device can also be applied to various forms of polishing processing such as grinding blocks and grinding discs; the polishing device is a polishing wheel or a wool wheel.
  • a polishing apparatus includes a plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2, and a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 are sequentially stacked to form an annular structure, and two adjacent elastic sheet teeth 2 are closely abutted;
  • the upper end surface of the annular structure is a grinding working surface 4, and the grinding working surface 4 has an annular zigzag structure; further comprising a base body 1 and a pressure plate 3 in an annular structure, and a plurality of rings of the elastic sheet teeth 2
  • the structure is fixed to the base body 1; the pressure plate 3 is placed in the annular structure, and the pressure plate 3 is connected to the base body 1 by bolts and presses a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2.
  • the base body 1 is provided with a limiting groove 5 disposed along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1; a lower portion of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 is embedded in the limiting groove 5; the platen 3 is adjacent to the elastic sheet teeth 2
  • the end faces are inclined and closely match the end faces of the elastic sheet teeth 2, and a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 are restricted.
  • a plurality of said elastic sheet teeth 2 are arranged offset from the radial direction of said annular structure.
  • the plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 are made of a rubber bond polyurethane material.
  • the size of the polishing apparatus of this embodiment the diameter of the polishing apparatus was 150 mm, the inner diameter of the polishing apparatus was 102 mm, the width of the polishing apparatus was 24 mm, and the height of the polishing apparatus was 40 mm.
  • the height of the elastic sheet teeth 2 is 40 mm, wherein the height of the upper portion of the elastic sheet teeth 2 is 28 mm, and the height of the lower portion of the elastic sheet teeth 2 is 12 mm; the plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 are specifically 72, and the elastic sheet teeth 2 are
  • An upper portion or a side wall of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 is made of an abrasive layer; a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 include a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B, and the plurality of elastic sheet teeth A Interlaced with a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B; or a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and one elastic sheet teeth B are alternately arranged; or a plurality of elastic sheet teeth A constitute elastic sheet teeth A group, and a plurality of elastic sheet teeth B constitute elastic sheet teeth Group B, the elastic sheet teeth A group and the elastic sheet teeth B group are staggered; the upper portion of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth A and the upper portions of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth B constitute an annular zigzag structure; the elastic sheet teeth A Made of a first binder and an abrasive, the elastic sheet teeth B are made of a second binder and an abrasive.
  • the first bonding agent and the elastic sheet made of abrasive have high hardness and long service life, and the second bonding agent and the elastic sheet teeth B made of abrasive have large elasticity and easy deformation, and the comprehensive effect can meet the cooling requirement during large pressure processing, and at the same time
  • the polishing device has a better life.
  • the mechanism of the annular serrated structure an annular structure formed by stacking a plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 in sequence, and the grinding working surface 4 of the annular structure is shaped and edged by rotating the annular structure; the grinding working surface 4 is leveled When the blade is opened, the grinding working surface 4 is elastically deformed and the elastic sheet teeth 2 are biased and displaced, so that the working surface of the single elastic sheet teeth presents a slope, and the grinding working surface 4 exhibits an annular zigzag structure.
  • the single elastic sheet teeth 2 are subjected to the grinding positive force and the tangential force, and the position and size of the single elastic sheet teeth 2 when subjected to the force
  • the area and pressure when the workpiece 6 is in contact with each other are constantly changing, which forces the single elastic sheet teeth 2 to form a slight yaw displacement, and the amount of change of the adjacent elastic sheet teeth 2 is not the same.
  • the elastic sheet teeth are subjected to force.
  • a second crevice 8 will appear between the two, and the cooling water penetrates through the second crevice 8 under the centrifugal force, thereby improving the timely cooling of the grinding working surface 4; achieving the intermittent grinding process of the polishing device, the processing quality is good, and the efficiency is high. .
  • the polishing device of the polyurethane material bonding agent of the prior art solution is a full ring.
  • the temperature of the grinding area is greatly increased, the temperature resistance of the polyurethane material bonding agent is poor, and the strength of the bonding agent varies with temperature.
  • it rises and drops sharply it is easy to produce changes in the structure of softening, melting and carbonization, which directly leads to the failure of the performance of the abrasive tool, such as abrasive falling off, sharpness drop, softening and melting of the binder to block the pores.
  • the polishing device needs to improve the grinding ability, which requires better control of the abrasive, and at the same time requires better cooling.
  • Increasing the elasticity and porosity is not conducive to life and rigidity. They are contradictory and mutually restrictive, thus limiting the application of high speed and efficient processing.
  • the embodiment provides better chip and cooling functions, and transfers the functions required of the original polishing wheel body to the structural function. Under the condition of self-sharpness, the porosity and elasticity of the grinding tool can be moderately reduced and enhanced.
  • the ability to hold abrasives helps to improve the life of the abrasives and expands the application of high-speed, high-efficiency machining. It also reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process of the product, realizes fast chip removal, good cooling, easy manufacturing, and greatly improved performance.
  • a polishing apparatus includes a plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2, and a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 are sequentially stacked to form an annular structure, and two adjacent elastic sheet teeth 2 are closely abutted;
  • the annular side surface of the annular structure is a grinding working surface 4, and the grinding working surface 4 has an annular zigzag structure; further comprising a base body 1 and a pressure plate 3 having an annular structure, and a plurality of rings of the elastic sheet teeth 2
  • the structure is fixed on the base body 1; the pressure plate 3 is placed in the annular structure, the pressure plate 3 is connected to the base body 1 by bolts, and presses a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2, using an auxiliary member or a glue
  • the binder fixes a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 on the substrate 1.
  • the base body 1 is provided with a limiting groove 5 disposed along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1; a lower portion of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 is embedded in the limiting groove 5; the platen 3 is adjacent to the elastic sheet teeth 2
  • the end surface is inclined and closely matched with the end surface of the elastic sheet tooth 2, and a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 are restrained to prevent a plurality of the elastic sheet teeth 2 from flying out during the grinding process.
  • a plurality of said elastic sheet teeth 2 are arranged offset from the radial direction of said annular structure.
  • Two adjacent elastic sheet teeth 2 are fixedly connected by gluing and/or fasteners.
  • the size of the polishing apparatus of the present embodiment the diameter of the polishing apparatus is 150 mm, the effective annular structure of the polishing apparatus has a ring width of 40 mm, and the thickness of the polishing apparatus is 12 mm, which is suitable for processing the workpiece 6 with a thickness of up to 10 mm.
  • the tips of the plurality of elastic sheet teeth 2 constitute a minute amount of intermittent grinding, and the elastic sheet teeth 2 are subjected to grinding positive force and tangential force, and a single The position and size of the elastic sheet teeth 2 when they are subjected to force, and the area and pressure when they are in contact with the workpiece 6 are constantly changed, forcing a single elastic sheet tooth 2 to form a slight yaw displacement, and the amount of the adjacent elastic sheet teeth 2 varies. Differently, the first crevice 7 and the second crevice 8 are continuously appeared; the grinding device is subjected to intermittent grinding processing, and the processing quality is good and the efficiency is high.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment is difficult to manufacture, and the elastic sheet teeth 2 which are difficult to manufacture by the whole preset are realized, and the narrow tooth structure which greatly shortens the discharge path of the dust is realized, and the first gap 7 and the first of the rapid cooling are realized.
  • the structure function of the second gap 8 is convenient to realize the cooling mode of the internal cooling type water supply in the grinding area, and the performance of the polishing device is greatly improved.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a polishing apparatus comprising the steps of:
  • the ratio of the radial average length to the circumferential average width of each of the elastic sheet teeth 2 in step S1 is more than three times.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种抛光装置，包括多个弹性薄片齿(2)、呈环形结构的基体(1)和压板（3），多个弹性薄片齿(2)依次拼叠构成环形结构，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿(2)紧密抵合；环形结构的上端面或环形侧面为磨削工作面(4)，磨削工作面(4)呈环形锯齿状结构。该抛光装置制造方法包括：S1.根据设定结构制造多个弹性薄片齿(2)，将多个弹性薄片齿(2)依次拼叠构成环形结构；使得相邻两个弹性薄片齿(2)之间紧密抵合；S2.旋转环形结构，对环形结构的磨削工作面(4)进行整形开刃，使磨削工作面(4)呈环形锯齿状结构。

Description

一种抛光装置及制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及磨具技术领域，特别涉及边部抛光的一种抛光装置及制造方法。
背景技术
边部抛光用抛光轮，主要采用树脂结合剂和橡胶结合剂。树脂结合剂磨具的强度高、弹性好、耐热性差、自励性好，但气孔率小，易堵塞，磨损快，易失去廓形。橡胶结合剂磨具的强度和弹性更高、气孔率小、耐热性差。上述结合剂耐温性能差，其结合剂强度会随着温度的升高而急剧下降，容易产生软化、熔解碳化等破坏结构的变化，直接导致磨具的性能失效，如磨料脱落、锋利度下降、结合剂软化熔解堵塞气孔等。因此，解决磨具工作中的散热问题是保证磨具能够正常使用的一个关键。在很多场合中，均会使用冷却液对磨具进行冷却，如采用水、乳化液等冷却液实施冷却。但是，现有采用该方法对磨具进行冷却依然存在一些问题：冷却液冷却时，对耐温性低于200℃的结合剂的磨具的冷却效果不理想；对于磨削接触面积比较大的环境中，如杯形抛光轮磨削时接触面较大；冷却液不能很好的进入到工作表面，导致冷却效果差；对于结合剂材料本身为热的不良导体，导致其在磨削过程中磨料局部产生的高温无法快速的传递出去形成散热效果，因此对于局部高温也会很大地影响到磨料和结合剂的过渡带性质，使磨料和结合剂结合不好直接导致磨具性能急剧下降。在高速、高效加工时，需要提高磨削能力，这需要更好的把持磨料的能力，同时又需要更好的冷却，增大弹性和气孔率则不利于寿命和刚性，各个因素之间，相互制约，因而限制了高速、高效加工的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单、制造工艺可靠、制造成本低廉、高效节能安全的边部抛光用的一种抛光装置及制造方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种抛光装置，包括多个弹性薄片齿，多个所述弹性薄片齿依次拼叠构成环形结构，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿紧密抵合；所述环形结构的上端面或环形侧面为磨削工作面，所述磨削工作面呈环形锯齿状结构。
进一步，多个所述弹性薄片齿的上部或侧壁由磨料层制成；多个所述弹性薄片齿包括多个弹性薄片齿A和多个弹性薄片齿B，多个所述弹性薄片齿A与多个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A和一个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A构成弹性薄片齿A组、多个弹性薄片齿B构成弹性薄片齿B组，弹性薄片齿A组与弹性薄片齿B组组间交错布置；多个所述弹性薄片齿A的上部与多个弹性薄片齿B的上部构成环形锯齿状结构。
进一步，所述弹性薄片齿A由第一结合剂和磨料制成，所述弹性薄片齿B由第二结合剂和磨料制成。
进一步，还包括呈环形结构的基体和压板，多个所述弹性薄片齿构成的环形结构固定在基体上；所述压板置于所述环形结构内，所述压板通过螺栓与所述基体连接，并挤压住多个所述弹性薄片齿。
进一步，所述基体内设置有沿基体环内边缘布置的限位槽；多个所述弹性薄片齿的下部均嵌入所述限位槽内。
进一步，所述压板靠近弹性薄片齿的端面呈倾斜状，并与弹性薄片齿的端面匹配贴近，对多个所述弹性薄片齿进行限位。
进一步，多个所述弹性薄片齿相对偏离所述环形结构的径向布置。
进一步，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿通过胶合和/或紧固件固定连接。
本发明解决上述技术问题的另一技术方案如下：一种抛光装置的制造方 法，包括以下步骤：
S1.根据设定结构制造多个弹性薄片齿，将多个弹性薄片齿依次拼叠构成环形结构；使得相邻两个弹性薄片齿之间紧密抵合；
S2.旋转环形结构，对环形结构的磨削工作面进行整形开刃，使磨削工作面呈环形锯齿状结构。
进一步，步骤S1中每个弹性薄片齿的径向平均长度与周向平均宽度之比均大于3倍。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、在相同磨料工作层实体体积条件下，弹性薄片齿窄而量越多，则弹性薄片齿越容易受力偏摆位移，受力包括离心力，形成罅隙，有利于冷却水的渗入通过磨削区域，冷却效果越好。
2、弹性薄片齿数量越多，磨料齿的周向宽度越窄，则粉屑排出路径短，粉屑积累量小而对磨料体的结合剂磨擦量小，表现为磨削热较低，有利于高速高效加工，有利于拓展不耐高温配方的应用。
3、弹性薄片齿数量多，粉屑排出路径短，粉屑积累量小，粉屑的磨擦阻力小，需要的容屑空间小，对于磨料出露高度要求低，这一特性还有利于采用相对更细的磨料而获得高质量加工，这一特性亦有利于采用相对更快的走速或更大的吃刀量而获得高效加工。
4、能将难以整体加工的弹性薄片齿形抛光装置，通过分解为薄片单齿并拼叠固结而方便实现。
5、可应用于磨盘、磨块等非环形磨具上。
6、提供了较好的容屑和冷却功能，将原磨具本体需要的功能，转移到了结构功能上，因而，对于有机结合剂的弹性磨具而言，在满足自锐性的条件下，可以适度降低磨具的气孔率和弹性，增强把持磨料的能力，利于提高磨具的寿命提高，拓展了高速、高效加工的应用。
7、可以有效降低功耗，节能环保，降低成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1的主视图；
图2为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1的剖视图；
图3为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1中磨削工作面局部放大图；
图4为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1中当弹性薄片齿的磨削部部分和工件接触的实施示意图；
图5为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1中当弹性薄片齿的磨削部部分和工件接触的局部放大图；
图6为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1中当单个弹性薄片齿的磨削部全部和工件接触的实施示意图；
图7为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1中当单个弹性薄片齿的磨削部全部和工件接触的局部放大图；
图8为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例1改进的示意图；
图9为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例2中主视图；
图10为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例2的实施示意图；
图11为本发明一种抛光装置及制造方法关于实施例2的实施局部放大图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1、基体，2、弹性薄片齿，弹性薄片齿A，弹性薄片齿B，3、压板，4、磨削工作面，5、限位槽，6、工件，7、第一罅隙，8、第二罅隙。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
抛光装置的技术方案也同样可以应用磨块、磨盘等多种形式的抛光加工；抛光装置为抛光轮或羊毛轮。
实施例1：
如图1至8所示，一种抛光装置，包括多个弹性薄片齿2，多个所述弹性薄片齿2依次拼叠构成环形结构，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿2紧密抵合；所述环形结构的上端面为磨削工作面4，所述磨削工作面4呈环形锯齿状结构；还包括呈环形结构的基体1和压板3，多个所述弹性薄片齿2构成的环形结构固定在基体1上；所述压板3置于所述环形结构内，所述压板3通过螺栓与所述基体1连接，并挤压住多个所述弹性薄片齿2。
所述基体1内设置有沿基体1环内边缘布置的限位槽5；多个所述弹性薄片齿2的下部均嵌入所述限位槽5内；所述压板3靠近弹性薄片齿2的端面呈倾斜状，并与弹性薄片齿2的端面匹配贴近，对多个所述弹性薄片齿2进行限位。
多个所述弹性薄片齿2相对偏离所述环形结构的径向布置。
相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿2通过胶合和/或紧固件固定连接。多个弹性薄片齿2采用橡胶结合剂聚氨酯材料制成。
本实施例的抛光装置尺寸：抛光装置直径为150毫米，抛光装置内径为102毫米，抛光装置的环宽为24毫米，抛光装置高度为40毫米。弹性薄片齿2的高度为40毫米，其中弹性薄片齿2上部的高度为28毫米，弹性薄片齿2下部的高度12毫米；多个所述弹性薄片齿2具体为72个，弹性薄片齿2的周向平均齿宽为：(150π/72+102π/72)/2＝5.498毫米；弹性薄片齿2的径向长度24毫米/与弹性薄片齿2的周向平均齿宽5.498毫米＝4.365倍。
多个所述弹性薄片齿2的上部或侧壁由磨料层制成；多个所述弹性薄片齿2包括多个弹性薄片齿A和多个弹性薄片齿B，多个所述弹性薄片齿A与多个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A和一个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A构成弹性薄片齿A组、多个弹性薄片齿B构成弹性薄片齿B组，弹性薄片齿A组与弹性薄片齿B组组间交错布置；多个所述弹性薄片齿A的上部与多个弹性薄片齿B的上部构成环形锯齿状结构；所述弹性薄片齿A由第一结合剂和磨料制成，所述弹性薄片齿B由第二结合剂和磨料制成。第一结合剂和磨料制成的弹性薄片齿A硬度高寿命长，第二结合剂和磨料制成的弹性薄片齿B弹性大易变形，综合效果，可以满足大压力加工时的冷却要求，同时抛光装置具有更好的寿命。
环形锯齿状结构的机理：由多个弹性薄片齿2依次拼叠构成的环形结构，通过旋转环形结构，对环形结构的磨削工作面4进行整形开刃；在进行磨削工作面4整平开刃时，磨削工作面4发生弹性变形且弹性薄片齿2受力偏摆位移，使得单个弹性薄片齿的工作面呈现斜面，磨削工作面4则呈现环形锯齿状结构。
工作原理：抛光装置工作时吃刀量微小，弹性薄片齿2的锯齿尖到锯齿根高度一般远大于吃刀量；当弹性薄片齿2的磨削部只是部分和工件6接触时，多个弹性薄片齿2的齿尖构成微量的断续磨削，也就是冲击磨削；尚未与工件6接触的弹性薄片齿2的磨削部和工件6之间，出现第一罅隙7，冷却水在离心力作用下渗入通过第一罅隙7，提高了对磨削工作面4的及时冷却；
当单个弹性薄片齿2的磨削部已经全部和工件6接触时，单个弹性薄片齿2受到磨削正向力和切向力的作用，单个弹性薄片齿2受力时所处的位置与大小、与工件6接触时的面积与压强都不断变化，会迫使单个弹性薄片齿2形成微小偏摆位移，且相邻的弹性薄片齿2变化量不尽相同，此时，受力 的弹性薄片齿2之间会出现第二罅隙8，冷却水在离心力作用下渗入通过第二罅隙8，提高了对磨削工作面4的及时冷却；实现抛光装置断续磨削加工，加工质量好，效率高。
对比现有技术方案：
现有技术方案的聚氨酯材料结合剂的抛光装置为整环的，当高速高效抛光加工时，大大增加磨削区域的温度，聚氨酯材料结合剂耐温性能差，其结合剂强度会随着温度的升高而急剧下降，容易产生软化、熔解碳化等破坏结构的变化，直接导致磨具的性能失效，如磨料脱落、锋利度下降、结合剂软化熔解堵塞气孔等。即使工件能够承受温度的影响，抛光装置因需要提高磨削能力，这需要更好的把持磨料的能力，同时又需要更好的冷却，增大弹性和气孔率则不利于寿命和刚性，各个因素之间，相互矛盾、相互制约，因而限制了高速、高效加工的应用。
本实施例提供了较好的容屑和冷却功能，将原抛光轮本体需要的功能，转移到了结构功能上，在满足自锐性的条件下，可以适度降低磨具的气孔率和弹性，增强把持磨料的能力，利于提高磨具的寿命提高，拓展了高速、高效加工的应用。还降低了产品制造工艺难度，实现了排屑快、冷却好、制造易，性能大幅度提升。
实施例2：
如图9至11所示，一种抛光装置，包括多个弹性薄片齿2，多个所述弹性薄片齿2依次拼叠构成环形结构，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿2紧密抵合；所述环形结构的环形侧面为磨削工作面4，所述磨削工作面4呈环形锯齿状结构；还包括呈环形结构的基体1和压板3，多个所述弹性薄片齿2构成的环形结构固定在基体1上；所述压板3置于所述环形结构内，所述压板3通过螺栓与所述基体1连接，并挤压住多个所述弹性薄片齿2，利用辅助件或粘接剂将多个所述弹性薄片齿2固结在基体1上。
所述基体1内设置有沿基体1环内边缘布置的限位槽5；多个所述弹性薄片齿2的下部均嵌入所述限位槽5内；所述压板3靠近弹性薄片齿2的端面呈倾斜状，并与弹性薄片齿2的端面匹配贴近，对多个所述弹性薄片齿2进行限位，防止多个所述弹性薄片齿2磨削过程中飞出。
多个所述弹性薄片齿2相对偏离所述环形结构的径向布置。
相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿2通过胶合和/或紧固件固定连接。
本实施例的抛光装置尺寸：抛光装置的直径为150毫米，抛光装置的有效环状结构的环宽为40毫米，抛光装置厚度12毫米，适合加工工件6厚度最大为10毫米异形边，抛光装置后加工适合厚度的开口形状；抛光装置的齿数为60齿，则平均齿周向工作宽为：(150π/60+70π/60)/2＝1.833毫米；弹性薄片齿2的有效径向长度40毫米/与弹性薄片齿2的周向平均齿宽1.833毫米＝21.8倍。
工作原理：在一定范围内，在压力变大时，弹性薄片齿2发生偏摆位移，弹性薄片齿2之间会出现的第二罅隙8也大，冷却水在离心力作用下渗入通过第二罅隙8，提高了对抛光装置磨削工作面4的及时冷却；在压力小时，尚未与工件6接触的弹性薄片齿2磨削部和工件6之间构成第一罅隙7，冷却水在离心力作用下渗入通过，提高了对磨削工作面4的及时冷却。
当弹性薄片齿2的磨削部和工件6接触时，多个弹性薄片齿2的齿尖构成微量的断续磨削，弹性薄片齿2受到磨削正向力和切向力的作用，单个弹性薄片齿2受力时所处的位置与大小、与工件6接触时的面积与压强都不断变化，会迫使单个弹性薄片齿2形成微小偏摆位移，且相邻的弹性薄片齿2变化量不尽相同，从而不断出现第一罅隙7和第二罅隙8；实现抛光装置断续磨削加工，加工质量好，效率高。
对比现有技术产品：
本实施例技术方案制造工艺化艰难为简易，实现了整体预置难以制造的 弹性薄片齿2，实现了大幅度缩短粉屑排出路径的窄齿结构，实现了快速制冷的第一罅隙7和第二罅隙8结构功能，方便实现在磨削区域密集的内冷型供水冷却模式，抛光装置产品性能大幅度提高。
本发明还涉及一种抛光装置的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.根据设定结构制造多个弹性薄片齿2，将多个弹性薄片齿2依次拼叠构成环形结构；使得相邻两个弹性薄片齿2之间紧密抵合；
S2.旋转环形结构，对环形结构的磨削工作面4进行整形开刃，使磨削工作面4呈环形锯齿状结构。
上述实施例中，步骤S1中每个弹性薄片齿2的径向平均长度与周向平均宽度之比均大于3倍。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种抛光装置，其特征在于：包括多个弹性薄片齿(2)，多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)依次拼叠构成环形结构，相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿(2)紧密抵合；所述环形结构的上端面或环形侧面为磨削工作面(4)，所述磨削工作面(4)呈环形锯齿状结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)的上部或侧壁由磨料层制成；多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)包括多个弹性薄片齿A和多个弹性薄片齿B，多个所述弹性薄片齿A与多个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A和一个弹性薄片齿B交错布置；或多个弹性薄片齿A构成弹性薄片齿A组、多个弹性薄片齿B构成弹性薄片齿B组，弹性薄片齿A组与弹性薄片齿B组组间交错布置；多个所述弹性薄片齿A的上部与多个弹性薄片齿B的上部构成环形锯齿状结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：所述弹性薄片齿A由第一结合剂和磨料制成，所述弹性薄片齿B由第二结合剂和磨料制成。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：还包括呈环形结构的基体(1)和压板(3)，多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)构成的环形结构固定在基体(1)上；所述压板(3)置于所述环形结构内，所述压板(3)通过螺栓与所述基体(1)连接，并挤压住多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：所述基体(1)内设置有沿基体(1)环内边缘布置的限位槽(5)；多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)的下部均嵌入所述限位槽(5)内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：所述压板(3)靠近弹性薄片齿(2)的端面呈倾斜状，并与弹性薄片齿(2)的端面匹配贴近，对多个所述弹性薄片齿(2)进行限位。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：多个所述弹性薄片 齿(2)相对偏离所述环形结构的径向布置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述一种抛光装置，其特征在于：相邻两个所述弹性薄片齿(2)通过胶合和/或紧固件固定连接。
  9. 一种抛光装置的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1.根据设定结构制造多个弹性薄片齿(2)，将多个弹性薄片齿(2)依次拼叠构成环形结构；使得相邻两个弹性薄片齿(2)之间紧密抵合；
    S2.旋转环形结构，对环形结构的磨削工作面(4)进行整形开刃，使磨削工作面(4)呈环形锯齿状结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述一种抛光装置的制造方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中每个弹性薄片齿(2)的径向平均长度与周向平均宽度之比均大于3倍。
PCT/CN2019/077871 2018-03-12 2019-03-12 一种抛光装置及制造方法 WO2019174581A1 (zh)

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