WO2019154923A2 - Procédé destiné à fabriquer un ensemble et procédé destiné à connecter un module à un tel ensemble - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à fabriquer un ensemble et procédé destiné à connecter un module à un tel ensemble Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019154923A2
WO2019154923A2 PCT/EP2019/053030 EP2019053030W WO2019154923A2 WO 2019154923 A2 WO2019154923 A2 WO 2019154923A2 EP 2019053030 W EP2019053030 W EP 2019053030W WO 2019154923 A2 WO2019154923 A2 WO 2019154923A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solder
substrate
component
paste
carrier layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/053030
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2019154923A3 (fr
Inventor
Christian Schellenberg
Jörg Strogies
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to US16/967,822 priority Critical patent/US20210039182A1/en
Priority to EP19706905.7A priority patent/EP3720639B1/fr
Priority to CN201980012414.7A priority patent/CN111699067B/zh
Publication of WO2019154923A2 publication Critical patent/WO2019154923A2/fr
Publication of WO2019154923A3 publication Critical patent/WO2019154923A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/303—Surface mounted components, e.g. affixing before soldering, aligning means, spacing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B23K2101/42—Printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a component to be soldered to at least one component by diffusion soldering and formed independently of the component. Fer ner the invention relates to a method for connecting a component to a substrate by means of diffusion soldering.
  • solder joints In technical applications such as the die attach, so the assembly of semiconductor and / or micro system technology, as well as in the SMD assembly (English: Surface Mount Device), in which surface mounted components are mounted on printed circuit boards, or even in a Cooling body connection are reliable and in particular divetempe raturstabile solder joints advantageous. Soldering in general is a thermal process for cohesive joining of materials, so that, for example, a component can be connected to a construction unit.
  • intermetallic Pha se is a homogeneous chemical compound of at least two metals, which shows a lattice structure, wherein in the lattice weighs a metallic compound fraction and in addition atomic or ionic bonds can occur.
  • silver sintering instead of the diffusion brazing a cohesive connection example, by silver sintering can be generated.
  • silver sintering both the component and the structural unit, ie the respective so-called joining partners, are connected in such a way that a considerable pressure and temperature stress acts on the respective joining partner.
  • Another disadvantage of silver sintering is the high material price of the silver itself.
  • Diffusion soldering technologies are also known in the prior art which use particularly thin solder preforms to minimize diffusion paths.
  • these techniques require a particularly flat and clean surface both in the substrate, in particular the structural unit, as well as the component.
  • the shortening of the diffusion paths is limited by properties in the handling of the very thin solder preforms.
  • the time required for phase growth is not arbitrarily shortened.
  • the phase growth can or must be continued by a thermal aging after making the solder joint on.
  • the so-called thermal budget of the component and the substrate is to be considered, which each represents a critical factor. Simply put, under the thermal budget, the heat can be understood ver, which can absorb the component before it is impaired in its, in particular future, function or will.
  • the series production in particular, for example, both the die attach and the SMD assembly, but be carried out easily and efficiently with existing production equipment.
  • the prior art processes there is a risk of skeletal formation, which can already occur in a liquidus during soldering due to an isothermal solidification of intermetallic phases.
  • at least parts of the Kup ferpitate are connected to each other, whereby so-called ge closed chambers can arise.
  • both organic paste constituents such as Restbe states of a flux, and gases no longer escape entwei chen and remain within the joint zone, which can nachtei lig on the solder joint, in particular their mechanical and / or thermal stability, impact.
  • DE 196 32 378 A1 shows a diffusion soldered connection or a method for producing diffusion soldered connections, which are characterized in that between at least two connecting partners a particularly diffusion-active, molten-applied and low-melting intermediate layer in the form of a solder carrier is introduced.
  • the solder carrier consists of a metal foil, which is provided on both sides with solder layers, wherein the solder layers themselves may in turn be formed of several layers ge.
  • US 2010/0291399 A1 shows Al for joining a housing and a lid of a functional part, such as a solder paste formed by mixing a Cu-based metal powder having a solidus temperature of at least 400 ° C, and a Sn-based solder powder be applied to a lid from a material which is difficult to solder, which has been previously subjected to a good solderable coating and heated to obtain a solder layer.
  • a functional part such as a solder paste formed by mixing a Cu-based metal powder having a solidus temperature of at least 400 ° C, and a Sn-based solder powder be applied to a lid from a material which is difficult to solder, which has been previously subjected to a good solderable coating and heated to obtain a solder layer.
  • DE 10 2015 200 991 A1 shows a method for producing a soldered connection, in which two layers are applied to a carrier element, wherein the first layer comprises at least metal particles and additives, in particular
  • the second layer comprises at least solder on, and wherein the support member and the two layers are then subjected to a heat treatment in which the second layer is liquefied and comes into operative connection with the first layer.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a method by which provides components for soldering vigorousge and particularly simply by soldering verbun together can be.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a onslöten to be soldered with at least one component by Diffusi and formed out independently of the component formed unit.
  • the method has several steps.
  • a provision of a sub strate of the assembly takes place.
  • the substrate is to be understood as a part of the structural unit to be treated, in particular a surface formed from a material, which is later ter is at least partially provided with solder or a Lotträ ger harsh, so that the component is connected there with the assembly by means of soldering.
  • the substrate is one of the surfaces of the assembly at which a solder connection to a component independent of the assembly is to be formed later.
  • a paste is applied, which has at least metal particles and different metal particles from the metal particles Liche solder particles, on at least a portion of the substrate by means of a printing technique.
  • the feature that the solder particles are different particles from the metal particles means that the metal particles and the Lotpar particles are at least partially made of different materials.
  • the metal particles may be formed, for example, of an elemental metal or a metal alloy.
  • the applied to the substrate paste further has Hohl syndrome me, which can be located between the respective metal particles and the respective solder particles and between Metallparti and solder particles.
  • Step is an infiltration of the paste with solder under the essence of the component, whereby the infiltrated with the solder paste forms a Lotisme für, in particular on the substrate of the assembly.
  • the solder may, for example, be a tin-containing solder or a tin-based solder.
  • the solder is pure tin.
  • the solder particles of the paste may just contain tin or be formed of pure tin.
  • the paste is infiltrated with the solder, wherein or while a connection of the component remains with the assembly below.
  • the unit is sold separately or Dependent on the component produced, so that the substrate un dependent or separately from the component with the Pas te and the solder is provided.
  • the solder carrier layer can form a cohesive connec tion, in particular solder joint, between the component and the assembly in a later, not belonging to the process soldering of the assembly with the component.
  • the assembly which now has the solder carrier layer, is a kind of semi-finished, which already with the component to be soldered and thus to be connected substrate and held on the substrate and the solder and the paste comprehensive and preferably own stiff and dry Connecting device, the solder carrier layer has, by means of which the substrate can be connected to the construction part.
  • a solder connection in particular such, can be formed or manufactured that the connection device is at least partially heated and thereby melted, in order finally to solder the component to the substrate and thus to join it materially.
  • the solder is applied as at least one intrinsically rigid or dimensionally stable molded part and / or it follows by means of a stamp to adapt the surface area of the paste to the substrate, in particular in an additional process step.
  • the solder can be applied in a particularly advantageous manner depending on, for example, the shape of the solder carrier layer or Vietnamesesein direction to be formed particularly advantageous, so that the subsequent infiltration can also be carried out particularly before geous.
  • the step of adjusting the surface topography occurs before the third step, but especially after the second step.
  • the first step up to the third step preferably takes place in a timed order.
  • the first step, providing the substrate is before the second step, the application of the paste.
  • the second step in turn takes place before the third step, the infiltration of the paste with the solder.
  • the inven tion proper method has the advantage of infiltrating the paste with solder on the substrate without having to be equipped with the component.
  • the thus created Bauein unit with the substrate having the Lotisme für or is connected to this, and after the third step th process step resembles a semi-finished, can be used in FITS advantageous and / or simple way into existing production facilities for electronics without a change at the production plant or a diffusion soldering process taking place there.
  • particularly large investment costs and / or especially on manoeuvrable conversions, in particular on the production plant as compared to the production line, in particular in the case of serial production can be omitted.
  • One idea of the method according to the invention is that by means of the method an efficient production of a substrate prepared for diffusion soldering or a building unit which has a solder carrier layer is made possible. Furthermore, a method for producing a reliable, high-temperature stable, high-melting diffusion soldering compound is to be provided. It is a focus of inven tion that in the process commercially available, in particular lead-free, solders can be used, and a unit performed on the soldering in a standard production line, in particular without conversion, can be performed.
  • the inventively manufactured connec tion device or the solder carrier layer is now designed such that it has a certain residual reactivity, in particular of the solder, in particular on its surface, which can be used for a later component contacting.
  • the absence of the component in the infiltration of the paste affords the advantage that the infiltration can take place considerably more safely.
  • a defect content between the metal particles can be reduced relationship to each other.
  • the metal particles preferably try to align with each other in their crystal structure or to orient themselves on their crystal structure. Due to the absence of the component, the metal particles in the solder or the solder carrier layer can be arranged particularly flexible, so that, among other things, fewer defects can occur.
  • vents so-called voids can be reduced by the absence of the component in the Lotisme für relationship or their occurrence can be reduced.
  • Another advantage is that in the infiltration without component, the solder in the paste at least equally efficient moves, in particular with means of diffusion and / or capillary effects, as in an attached component.
  • a particularly simple degassing, in particular organic elements or compounds such as a flux contained in the solder is possible. Since the elements or connec tions through the unenclosed or covered te surface of the paste-solder mixture, and thus the layer formed therefrom or formed Lotyes, can escape particularly advantageous.
  • This effect can, for example, be particularly advantageously additionally enhanced in that the infiltration and / or a subsequent diffusion soldering process are carried out, for example, with exclusion of air, in particular in a vacuum.
  • a prefabrication that is to say provision of a solder carrier layer of the structural unit which can be used directly for diffusion soldering, can thus be carried out particularly advantageously, the module being designed, for example, as a wiring carrier.
  • Pre-assembly enables efficient diffusion soldering by means of the existing production line or production equipment.
  • the metal particles of copper and / or iron and / or nickel and / or silver and / or gold are formed. That is, at least one material of one of the metal particles comprises copper and / or iron and / or nickel and / or silver and / or gold.
  • the just mentioned metals can each form one of the metal particles individually in their respective elemental form.
  • a part of the metal particles may be formed from one of the ge called metals and another part of Me tallp motherboard from another of said metals.
  • a single of the metal Parti angle of one or more of said metals may be formed or formed of a different metal or at least one of the metals or a metal compound having material.
  • at least one of the metals mentioned are used to form the metal particles and at the same time, for example, material costs are kept FITS low.
  • the paste and / or the solder and / or the Lotträ be ger harsh before and / or after the infiltration is thermally be.
  • a particularly good storability of, in particular, so-called substrate large cards, which have a plurality of structural units with respective substrates can be realized.
  • This may include, for example, drying the paste by, in particular, increasing an ambient temperature which takes place subsequent to the pressure. That is, the paste is less viscous during the thermal treatment, for example, because additional materials may be included in the paste, which make the pressure of the paste on the substrate particularly easy to escape from the paste ent.
  • the solder is applied to at least one region of the paste before the infiltration, in particular preferably after the second step.
  • the solder is applied before infiltration and preferably after the second step, to at least one part of the substrate adjoining the partial area and free of the paste.
  • the free part of the substrate is at least partially in direct proximity with the portion on which the paste is applied to the substrate. That is, the paste-free part is an area of the substrate on which the paste is not applied.
  • an application of solder to at least a portion of the paste and / or on at least a portion of the substrate which is rich at least partially in direct neighborhood with the Generalbe.
  • the paste is placed on at least a portion of the substrate by means of stencil printing and / or screen printing.
  • Both the stencil printing and the screen printing have the advantage that the paste or a paste deposit on the substrate can be applied particularly flatly or applied in order to apply the paste.
  • the evenness is in particular special in which subsequent to the process Diffusi onslöten for a convenient and advantageous training, for example, a Lotspalts advantageous to obtain a particularly high quality of the solder joint.
  • the stamp or insbesondre whose embossing surface may be formed of Teflon, which FITS special adhesion with the surface to be adapted to the paste brought on.
  • a smoothing of the surface is possible in a particularly advantageous and efficient manner.
  • the substrate is at least a part of a wiring substrate.
  • the wiring carrier can serve as a mechanical support, in particular for the wiring of line structures to the, in particular electronic, component.
  • the wiring support can be used in a particularly efficient manner to connect to the process. closing diffusion soldering, in particular by means of the existing existing production line done.
  • a tinning is at least applied to a surface facing away from the substrate of the solder carrier layer.
  • the Oberflä surface in particular the above-mentioned surface bezie as hurry coincide with this, through which the orgasm African elements can escape.
  • the upper surface is at least partially a surface of the Lotisme für, which can be connected to the process in the following diffusion soldering to the component.
  • the tin-plating may in particular comprise so-called "chemical tin", which in general may particularly advantageously form a flat, solderable, metallic surface
  • chemical tin which in general may particularly advantageously form a flat, solderable, metallic surface
  • D a Lay can be carried out as an alternative to, in particular chemical tinning galvanic deposition.
  • Insbesonde re can or tinning and / or the electrodeposition may be advantageous if the solder carrier layer, for example, very long and / or dried intensively by thermal treatment and / or in egg nem additional process step or before the process o- after the The third step of the process was thermally treated.
  • the Lotträ ger harsh is subjected to at least one, in particular thermal, treatment, whereby a propagation of at least one intermetallic phase is promoted in the Lotisme für.
  • the treatment can be carried out or carried out, for example, in particular in the third step of the method and / or subsequent to the sen, in order to force formation or growth of intermetallic phases in the mixture of solder particles and metal particles in the paste. If a particularly far-reaching transformation or formation of the intermetallic phases takes place, there may be an advantage. This is a particularly low volume shrinkage within a Fügezo ne between the joining partners, especially in a later operation of the assembly, that is the fauxgelöteten construction partly with the unit. However, a loss of a balancing effect of the solder carrier layer during the joining process can result from an early on Lot conversion or training of interme-metallic phases.
  • the metal particles of the paste each have at least one functional coating.
  • the coating and the Me tallpizer which may each be designed in particular as a small copper ball, are formed from at least partially mutually different materials.
  • the coating is not the solder and not the solder particles. These are likewise each formed from at least one material, which can each be different in each case for the solder in comparison to the solder particles.
  • the functional coating can perform at least one function and in particular is applied to each one of the metal particles.
  • the coating may delay the formation of the interme-metallic phase on the metal particles. The delay may take place in particular during steps 1 to 3, in particular during the second step of the method.
  • a respective metal particle has a plurality of successive and, in particular, different ones Can have coatings.
  • the coatings may have a sequence in which a wetting-promoting layer or coating is followed by a wetting-inhibiting layer.
  • a wetting-inhibiting wetting-promoting layer may follow and vice versa, or any desired sequence of the respective coating forming a layer, in particular a functional coating, is possible.
  • wetting-retardant coating has the property that the respective metal particles can not be wetted very well, for example with the solder, due to the coating; in the case of the wetting-promoting coating, the opposite may be the case.
  • the advantage of the functional Beschich device is, for example, a maintenance of a movement probability of the metal particles and / or a residual fraction of molten areas in the joint zone during Diffusionslö th, for example, to ensure the balancing effect during the joining process or to provide a certain min least measure of equalization ,
  • a wetting-retardant coating which is in particular metallurgically inactive, a slight rearrangement of the metal particles or a high mobility of the metal particles in the surrounding solder or the solder particles take place, so that, for example, the git ter Fabric forms particularly advantageous.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a method for connecting a component to a substrate by means of diffusion soldering.
  • the method comprises the following steps: In a first step, a structural unit is provided, which has the substrate and a solid solder carrier layer, which is held on the substrate independently of the component and has a paste infiltrated with solder. In other words, the assembly in a separate from the component to stand, that is, without the substrate with the component is connected ver, the Lotisme lyrics on. In a second step, a structural unit is provided, which has the substrate and a solid solder carrier layer, which is held on the substrate independently of the component and has a paste infiltrated with solder. In other words, the assembly in a separate from the component to stand, that is, without the substrate with the component is connected ver, the Lotisme für on. In a second step, a solid solder carrier layer, which is held on the substrate independently of the component and has a paste infiltrated with solder. In other words, the assembly in a separate from
  • Step of the method at least one area to be soldered Be the component in contact with the Lotaki harsh ge introduced.
  • this is done Soldering of the substrate with the component via the solder carrier layer by means of diffusion soldering, in which the solder carrier layer is at least partially melted.
  • the soldering process of the diffusion brazing in particular by relationship, via activation is set in motion.
  • the activation can be done in different ways.
  • the activation may be by a gas and / or by the addition of a flux, a so-called additive flux.
  • wel che for example, may have formic acid introduced.
  • soldering process itself is advantageously enough in the standard production line.
  • a formation of a contact layer which in particular is particularly temperature-stable as a result of the random distribution of the metal particles in the solder carrier layer takes place. This arises in particular by melting on the subsequent solidification of the solder.
  • the structural unit is produced by means of a method according to one of claims 1 to 9.
  • the component is a surface-mounted component.
  • a surface-mounted component is referred to in English as a surface mount device (SMD).
  • SMD surface mount device
  • These components have, in contrast to components ei ner so-called through-hole mounting, for example, the advantage that a supporting circuit board, which is, for example, the unit can be soldered space-saving.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an adaptation of the surface area of a paste, as a further step of the method
  • FIG 4 sequence of the inventive method for connecting a component with a substrate by means of diffusion soldering to hand schematic representations of method steps;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a metal particle of the paste, which has a coating
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic top view of a substrate carrier card designed as the smallest one of a wiring substrate.
  • An object of the method is a prefabrication of a unit 10 for a possibly later following, in particular special efficient, diffusion soldering, especially in übli chen production lines with existing manufacturing equipment.
  • the method is used for effi cient generating a prepared for diffusion solder sub strate 12 or a structural unit 10.
  • the method for efficiently generating the for diffusion diffused th prepared substrate 12 and the unit 10 several steps:
  • a first step i. the substrate 12 of the building unit 10 is provided.
  • the substrate 12 is at least a portion of the assembly 10, which is in particular be traded, so that at least the portion of the sub strate 12 by the method, a Lotisme Mrs 14 can be out forms.
  • individual, successive steps are partially delimited by an arrow, the direction of the arrow indicating the time sequence of the steps of the method, the so-called method steps.
  • a second step ii. is a paste 16, which at least metal particles 18 and of the metal particles 18 un ferent Lotp
  • the metal particles 18 differ from the solder particles 20 in particular in that the different particle types are formed in each case from different materials.
  • the metal particles 18 may be formed by way of example of copper and / or iron and / or nickel and / or silver and / or gold. Furthermore, it points to the partial area 22 in the second step ii. applied paste 16 cavities 24 on.
  • a third step iii. 1 the paste 16 is infiltrated with Lot 26 in the absence of the component, whereby the paste 16 infiltrated with the solder 16, the Lotisme für 14 forms.
  • a connection means between component and assembly 10, in particular by means of the Lotisme für 14, is omitted. That is, in the pre-set method, the component is not soldered to the assembly 10, in particular by means of diffusion soldering.
  • the United drive serves to form the solder carrier layer 14 in a particularly advantageous manner or provide so that, for example, a soldering, which will be presented later in the second method, in the existing pro duction, especially in the existing manufacturing plant is possible.
  • the introduction or infiltration of the solder 26 into the paste 16 takes place analogously to the diffusion soldering.
  • the solder 26 is particularly well, especially on the basis of diffusion and possibly beyond taking place capillary processes in the paste 16 a. This can be done, for example, by adding or radiating heat to the substrate 12 and / or the paste 16.
  • intermetallic phases 28 are formed, in particular by the metal particles 18 and the solder particles 20, but possibly also by a part of the solder 26, whose growth can in particular begin at a respective surface of a respective metal particle 18.
  • the material of the solder particles 20 may be different from the material of the solder 26.
  • one of the materials may additionally contain a flux or a first type of flux, whereas the other material may contain another type of flux or the like.
  • the solder 26 pulls, in particular, into the cavities 24, which hold the paste 16 until at least the third method step iii. has, a.
  • the bottom view in Figure 1 shows the finished Lotträ ger für 14 on the substrate 12 of the assembly 10.
  • the substrate 12 is now prepared in a particularly advantageous manner for a diffusion diffusion taking place later.
  • the substrate 12 formed here, or the component formed with the solder carrier layer 14, resembles a so-called semi-finished product and, for example, can be particularly advantageously used in the existing production line or in an existing production line. Henden production plant especially for electronics and in particular be used without change for a later diffusion soldering be. As a result, for example, costly conversion ten and thus costs can be saved.
  • the paste 16 and / or the solder 26 and / or the Lotisme layer 14 may advantageously be thermally treated before and / or after infiltration.
  • a drying can be effected.
  • the paste 16 becomes, for example, more stable, so that a subsequent further treatment, in particular by a third process step iii, can be carried out particularly advantageously on the at least one part 22 provided for this purpose.
  • the solder 26 or the solder carrier layer 14 after the third step iii. be carried out dried infiltration.
  • a particularly simple handling of the respective assembly 10 can be realized, for example, for a further processing following the method.
  • Step iii. of the method are applied to at least one subsequent to the portion 22 and the paste 16 free part 30 of the substrate 12.
  • the solder 26 can be applied to at least one area of the paste 16 before the infiltration and, preferably, after the second step ii, or in particular after the third step iii.
  • the solder 26 can be applied as a, in particular liquid or viscous, paste and / or as at least one intrinsically rigid or as particularly dimensionally stable molded part.
  • a defect content between the metal particles 18 is significantly reduced, that is, less so-called voids or voids form.
  • lattice defects relationship as defects of at least partially from a rearrangement of the metal particles 18 to each other forming Git age also be reduced by the method.
  • organic constituents, for example of the solder particles 20 and / or of the solder 26 can escape particularly advantageously, in particular as gas from which the solder carrier layer 14 forms from the paste 16 and the solder 26.
  • the component thus remains less organic content within a joining zone, which is formed by the carrier layer 14 in particular Lot.
  • the solder carrier layer 14 a particularly advantageous solder joint produced.
  • adjusting the surface topography is planarizing.
  • the paste 16 is planarized on the substrate 12 before the third step iii. and after the second step ii.
  • an advantageous flatness of the solder carrier layer 14 can be rea linstrument. This can be done particularly easily by means of a stamp 32, in particular an antiadhesive stamp, which is pressed onto the paste 16, in particular plane-parallel to the substrate 12.
  • an embossing surface of the punch 32 may be formed of Teflon.
  • planarization or adaptation of the surface topography can be done in one later soldering, such as the pre-presented in Figure 4, a Lotspalt have a particularly low height, so that for example, the intermetallic phases can grow through to the component.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a tinning 34.
  • the application of the tinning 34 at least on a substrate 12 facing away from the surface 36 of the Lotisme für 14.
  • the tinning 34 which may be formed in particular from so-called “chemical tin”, may increase the available quantity of solder so that the component contacting can take place particularly advantageously
  • the reactivity in particular a remaining residual reactivity or surface reactivity, can advantageously be influenced.
  • a soldering process in a later diffusion soldering can be particularly easily passed.
  • the assembly 10 and the solder carrier layer 14 applied to it can, alternatively or additionally to the application of the tinning 34, be subjected to a treatment, in particular a thermal treatment.
  • a Ausbrei tion at least one intermetallic phase 28 in the solder carrier layer 14 are promoted.
  • a galvanic deposition on the surface 36 are performed instead of the tinning 34.
  • Both the Verzin tion 34 and the electrodeposition serve as a measure measure to create a, in particular thin, solderable layer, in particular on the surface 36.
  • thermal pretreatment a large training inter metallic phases 28 can be achieved.
  • the, in particular thermal, treatment may be accompanied by a substantial loss of a compensating effect of the layer in the joining process, since, for example, a mobility of the metal particles 18 is reduced.
  • the tinning 34 can compensate for this effect something.
  • the effect with coated metal particles 18, as shown by way of example in FIG. 5, can be at least partially counteracted. Details on this in the description of FIG. 5
  • intermetallic phases 28 may have special effects on the subsequent soldering process even before the actual diffusion soldering.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sequence of a second method.
  • This second method is used to connect a component 38 to the substrate 12, in particular the assembly 10, by means of diffusion bonding.
  • the method presented in FIG. 4 is often referred to in the text below as the second method, in particular when a distinction from the first method shown in FIG. 1 is intended to be clarified.
  • the second method summarizes several steps.
  • a first step i. of the method for connecting the component 38 the assembly 10 is provided.
  • the assembly 10 the substrate 12 and an independent of the component 38 held on the substrate 12, solid solder carrier layer 14.
  • the solder carrier layer 14 has a paste 16 infiltrated with solder 26, or the solder carrier layer 14 may at least partially be formed from this paste 16. That is, the substrate 12 already has the solder carrier layer 14 in a state separate from the component 38. In other words, the solder carrier layer 14 is already attached to the substrate. strat 12 already bonded before the Lotisme für 14 is connected to the component 38 during the second method.
  • Bauein unit 10 is as the Bauein unit 10 by means of the first, presented in FIG 1 method or by a method with the additional steps, as shown in FIG 2 and FIG 3, produced.
  • a second step ii. In the second method, at least one area 40 of the component 38 to be soldered is brought into contact with the solder carrier layer 14. This is shown in the upper illustration of FIG. 4, in which the component 38, in particular, is brought into contact or in contact with a surface of the area 40.
  • the substrate 12 is soldered to the component 38 via the solder carrier layer 14 by means of diffusion soldering in which the solder carrier layer 14 is at least partially melted. This finished soldered state is shown in the lower illustration of FIG.
  • the intermetallic rule phases as seen in Figure 4, further develop, which for example, in particular a particularly high heat conductivity of the solder joint can be formed.
  • the component 38 is a surface-mounted component, such as it is used for example in ahenmon days as opposed to a through-hole mounting, which can be trained, for example, particularly flat assemblies of component 38 and assembly 10.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a metal particle 18 of the paste 16, which has a coating.
  • metal particles 18 are used, which constitute at least a portion of the metal particles 18 of the paste 16, each having at least one functional coating 42.
  • the outer layer 44 a Be coating 42, which inhibits the formation of the intermetallic phase 28 of the metal particles 18 relationship, delayed.
  • a movable speed of the metal particles 18 in the melting solder of the solder particles 20 and the solder 26 are maintained, whereby, for example, a particularly advantageous at least partially grid arrangement of the metal particles 18 he can follow.
  • a second layer 46 may, in contrast to the wetting-inhibiting layer 44, be formed as a wetting-promoting layer.
  • Layers 44 and 46 is conceivable.
  • a metallurgically inactive layer in particular as a second layer 46 or second coating, which, for example, permits easy movability of the metal particles 18 in the solder 26.
  • the better wettable or wetting layer can facilitate redistribution.
  • the functional coating 42 the compensation effect during the joining process, which is characterized by the method shown in FIG. 4, can be ensured.
  • the Beschich device and the metal particles 18 are formed from each other under different materials, that is, the Beschich device is not the solder 26 and not the solder particles 20, but one of these materials different material.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic plan view of a substrate card 48 designed as at least one wiring carrier.
  • the substrate assembly card 48 is particularly useful for recognizing the respective construction unit 10 with respective partial areas 22. Be particularly advantageous, the respective portion 22 of the assembly 10 in particular in its shape by using a printing technique in the second process step ii. of the first method. Particularly suitable printing techniques are the stencil printing and / or the screen printing, by means of which the partial area 22, which in particular delimits from the solder-free or paste-free part 30 of the substrate 12.
  • the substrate 12 or the substrate 12 pointing towards the assembly 10 is the already mentioned in the beginning wiring carrier, which can serve as a carrier in a wiring or to be connected by soldering component 38.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Combinations Of Printed Boards (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à fabriquer un ensemble (10) à souder par soudage par diffusion à au moins un module et réalisé indépendamment du module (38), dont les étapes consistent : - à préparer un substrat (12) de l'ensemble (10) ; - à appliquer une pâte (16), laquelle comporte au moins des particules de métal (18) et des particules de soudure (20) différentes des particules de métal (18), sur au moins une zone partielle (22) du substrat (12) au moyen d'une technique d'impression ; - à infiltrer la pâte (16) avec la soudure (26) en l'absence du module (38), afin que la pâte (16) infiltrée avec la soudure (26) constitue une couche porteuse (14) de soudure. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé destiné à connecter un module (38) à un substrat (12) par soudage par diffusion.
PCT/EP2019/053030 2018-02-08 2019-02-07 Procédé destiné à fabriquer un ensemble et procédé destiné à connecter un module à un tel ensemble WO2019154923A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/967,822 US20210039182A1 (en) 2018-02-08 2019-02-07 Method for Producing a Structural Unit and Method for Connecting a Component to such a Structural Unit
EP19706905.7A EP3720639B1 (fr) 2018-02-08 2019-02-07 Procédé destiné à fabriquer un ensemble et procédé destiné à connecter un module à un tel ensemble
CN201980012414.7A CN111699067B (zh) 2018-02-08 2019-02-07 用于制造结构单元的方法以及用于连接构件与这种结构单元的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018201974.6A DE102018201974A1 (de) 2018-02-08 2018-02-08 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Baueinheit sowie Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Bauteils mit einer solchen Baueinheit
DE102018201974.6 2018-02-08

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WO2019154923A2 true WO2019154923A2 (fr) 2019-08-15
WO2019154923A3 WO2019154923A3 (fr) 2019-10-03

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US (1) US20210039182A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3720639B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111699067B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018201974A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019154923A2 (fr)

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DE19632378A1 (de) 1996-08-10 1998-02-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Diffusionslötverbindung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diffusionslötverbindungen
US20100291399A1 (en) 2006-09-01 2010-11-18 Rikiya Kato Lid for a functional part and a process for its manufacture
DE102015200991A1 (de) 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Lötverbindung und Schaltungsträger mit einer Lötverbindung

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JP2000176678A (ja) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-27 Sony Corp クリームはんだ及びそれを用いた実装製品
ATE306354T1 (de) * 2000-09-07 2005-10-15 Infineon Technologies Ag Lotmittel zur verwendung bei diffusionslotprozessen
JP2005183903A (ja) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc 電子デバイスおよび電子デバイスを形成する方法
US7410833B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2008-08-12 International Business Machines Corporation Interconnections for flip-chip using lead-free solders and having reaction barrier layers
EP1716965A1 (fr) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brasure comprenant de la poudre d'apport métallique sous forme élémentaire
US20070090170A1 (en) * 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Endicott Interconnect Technologies, Inc. Method of making a circuitized substrate having a plurality of solder connection sites thereon
JP2010162577A (ja) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-29 Kuroda Techno Co Ltd 加熱用鏝及び太陽電池用リード線半田付け装置
JP2012174332A (ja) * 2011-02-17 2012-09-10 Fujitsu Ltd 導電性接合材料、導体の接合方法、及び半導体装置の製造方法
JP5731555B2 (ja) * 2013-01-29 2015-06-10 株式会社タムラ製作所 フラックスおよびソルダペースト
DE102013219642A1 (de) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Diffusionslöten unter Ausbildung einer Diffusionszone als Lötverbindung und elektronische Baugruppe mit einer solchen Lötverbindung

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DE19632378A1 (de) 1996-08-10 1998-02-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Diffusionslötverbindung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diffusionslötverbindungen
US20100291399A1 (en) 2006-09-01 2010-11-18 Rikiya Kato Lid for a functional part and a process for its manufacture
DE102015200991A1 (de) 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Lötverbindung und Schaltungsträger mit einer Lötverbindung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019154923A3 (fr) 2019-10-03
EP3720639A2 (fr) 2020-10-14
US20210039182A1 (en) 2021-02-11
CN111699067A (zh) 2020-09-22
EP3720639B1 (fr) 2021-12-01
DE102018201974A1 (de) 2019-08-08
CN111699067B (zh) 2022-04-29

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