WO2019130913A1 - Dispositif de commande de phototalignement - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de phototalignement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019130913A1
WO2019130913A1 PCT/JP2018/042809 JP2018042809W WO2019130913A1 WO 2019130913 A1 WO2019130913 A1 WO 2019130913A1 JP 2018042809 W JP2018042809 W JP 2018042809W WO 2019130913 A1 WO2019130913 A1 WO 2019130913A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light distribution
light
control device
layer
refractive index
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PCT/JP2018/042809
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
旬臣 芝田
有宇 和家佐
太田　益幸
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2019130913A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019130913A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/19—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light distribution control device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a liquid crystal optical element having a pair of transparent substrates, a pair of transparent electrodes formed on each of the pair of transparent substrates, and a prism layer and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of transparent electrodes. It is disclosed.
  • the liquid crystal optical element changes the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer by a voltage applied to the pair of transparent electrodes, and changes the refraction angle of light passing through the interface between the slope of the prism and the liquid crystal layer.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a light distribution control device that can brighten the indoor when used for a window and can suppress glare that a person who is indoors feels. .
  • a light distribution control device includes a light transmitting first substrate and a light transmitting second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate.
  • a translucent first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to face each other, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer
  • a light distribution layer for distributing incident light wherein the light distribution layer is disposed so as to fill the space between the plurality of projections and the concavo-convex structure layer having the plurality of projections.
  • a refractive index variable layer whose refractive index changes in accordance with a voltage applied between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and the light distribution layer changes the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer.
  • the light distribution ratio indicating the ratio of light distributed to the light transmitted through the light distribution control device is 27% or more, and travels to the direct light region with respect to light incident on the light distribution control device
  • the direct light ratio which indicates the ratio of light emitted, is 10% or less.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A is an enlarged sectional view for explaining a non-application mode (transparent state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a first application mode (light distribution state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3C is an enlarged cross-sectional view for describing a second application mode (heat shielding state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a figure which shows an example at the time of applying the light distribution control device which concerns on embodiment to the window of a building.
  • FIG. 4 is a figure which shows an example at the time of applying the light distribution control device which concerns on embodiment to the window of a building.
  • FIG. 5 is a figure which shows the questionnaire result of whether it felt glare with respect to the transmittance
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the result of a questionnaire on how the window looks with respect to the haze of the window glass.
  • FIG. 7 is a figure which shows an example at the time of applying the light distribution control device which concerns on embodiment to the south window of a building.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example in which the light distribution control device according to the embodiment is applied to a west-facing window of a building.
  • each drawing is a schematic view, and is not necessarily illustrated exactly. Therefore, for example, the scale and the like do not necessarily match in each figure. Further, in each of the drawings, substantially the same configuration is given the same reference numeral, and overlapping description will be omitted or simplified.
  • the term indicating the relationship between elements such as parallel or perpendicular, and the term indicating the shape of an element such as triangle or trapezoid, and the numerical range are not expressions expressing only strict meanings. This expression is meant to include a substantially equivalent range, for example, a difference of about several percent.
  • the x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis indicate three axes of the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system.
  • the z-axis direction is the vertical direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the z-axis is the horizontal direction.
  • the positive direction of the z axis is vertically upward.
  • the “thickness direction” means the thickness direction of the light distribution control device, and is a direction perpendicular to the main surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, and “plan view” When viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the first substrate or the second substrate.
  • Embodiment [Overview] First, an outline of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region II surrounded by an alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is an optical device that controls light incident on the light distribution control device 1.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is a light distribution element capable of changing the traveling direction of light incident on the light distribution control device 1 (that is, distributing light) and emitting the light.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is configured to transmit incident light, and the first substrate 10, the second substrate 20, the light distribution layer 30, and A first electrode layer 40 and a second electrode layer 50 are provided.
  • An adhesion layer may be provided on the surface of the first electrode layer 40 on the light distribution layer 30 side in order to bring the first electrode layer 40 into close contact with the uneven structure layer 31 of the light distribution layer 30.
  • the adhesion layer is, for example, a translucent adhesive sheet, or a resin material generally referred to as a primer.
  • the first electrode layer 40, the light distribution layer 30, and the second electrode layer 50 are disposed in this order along the thickness direction between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 forming a pair. Configuration.
  • a plurality of particle-like spacers may be dispersed in the plane, or a columnar structure may be formed.
  • the light distribution control device 1 can be realized as, for example, a window with a light distribution function by being installed in a window of a building.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is used by, for example, being attached to a transparent substrate such as an existing window glass via an adhesive layer.
  • the light distribution control device 1 may be used as a window of a building itself.
  • the first substrate 10 is on the outdoor side
  • the second substrate 20 is on the indoor side
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 of the light distribution layer 30 is changed by the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a difference in refractive index occurs at the interface between the uneven structure layer 31 and the refractive index variable layer 32, and light is distributed using refraction and reflection (total reflection) of light by the interface.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are substrates having translucency.
  • a glass substrate or a resin substrate can be used as the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.
  • the material of the glass substrate examples include soda glass, alkali-free glass and high refractive index glass.
  • the material of the resin substrate examples include resin materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), acrylic (PMMA) or epoxy.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMMA acrylic
  • the glass substrate has the advantages of high light transmittance and low moisture permeability. On the other hand, the resin substrate has an advantage that scattering at the time of breakage is small.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials. Further, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are not limited to rigid substrates, and may be flexible substrates having flexibility. In the present embodiment, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are transparent resin substrates made of PET resin.
  • the second substrate 20 is an opposing substrate that faces the first substrate 10, and is disposed at a position that faces the first substrate 10.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are disposed in parallel at a predetermined distance such as 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, for example.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are bonded by a sealing resin such as an adhesive formed in the shape of a frame on the outer periphery of each end.
  • substrate 20 is rectangular shapes, such as a square or a rectangle, for example, it does not restrict to this, Polygons other than a circle or a square may be sufficient. Any shape may be employed.
  • the light distribution layer 30 is disposed between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the light distribution layer 30 has translucency, and transmits incident light.
  • the light distribution layer 30 distributes the incident light. That is, when light passes through the light distribution layer 30, the light distribution layer 30 changes the traveling direction of the light.
  • the light distribution layer 30 has a concavo-convex structure layer 31 and a refractive index variable layer 32.
  • the light is reflected at the interface between the uneven structure layer 31 and the refractive index variable layer 32, whereby the traveling direction of the light passing through the light distribution control device 1 is bent.
  • the uneven structure layer 31 is a fine shape layer provided to make the surface (interface) of the variable-refractive-index layer 32 uneven.
  • the uneven structure layer 31 has a plurality of convex portions 33 and a plurality of concave portions 34, as shown in FIG.
  • the concavo-convex structure layer 31 is a concavo-convex structure body constituted by a plurality of convex portions 33 of micro order size.
  • a plurality of concave portions 34 are between the plurality of convex portions 33. That is, one concave portion 34 is between two adjacent convex portions 33.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which the plurality of convex portions 33 are individually separated, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 may be connected to each other at the root (the first electrode layer 40 side). That is, a layer (film) -like base portion to be a base of the convex portion 33 may be provided between the plurality of convex portions 33 and the first electrode layer 40.
  • the plurality of projections 33 are a plurality of projections arranged in the z-axis direction parallel to the main surface (the surface on which the first electrode layer 40 is provided) of the first substrate 10. That is, in the present embodiment, the z-axis direction is the direction in which the plurality of convex portions 33 are arranged.
  • the plurality of protrusions 33 are long ridges extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the protrusions 33 are arranged.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 are formed in a stripe shape extending in the x-axis direction.
  • Each of the plurality of protrusions 33 extends linearly along the x-axis direction.
  • each of the plurality of protrusions 33 is a triangular prism disposed sideways with respect to the first electrode layer 40.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 may extend in a meandering manner along the x-axis direction.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 may be formed in a wavy stripe.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 are, for example, arranged at equal intervals along the z-axis direction.
  • the shape and size of each of the plurality of protrusions 33 are the same as one another, but may be different.
  • each of the plurality of projections 33 has a tapered shape from the root to the tip.
  • the cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of protrusions 33 is a tapered shape that tapers in the direction from the first substrate 10 toward the second substrate 20.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion 33 in the yz cross section is a triangle that tapers in the thickness direction of the light distribution control device 1, but is not limited to this.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion 33 may be a trapezoid, another polygon, or a polygon including a curve.
  • each of the plurality of convex portions 33 has a pair of side surfaces 33a and 33b.
  • the pair of side surfaces 33a and 33b are surfaces intersecting in the z-axis direction.
  • Each of the pair of side surfaces 33a and 33b is an inclined surface which is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the y-axis direction.
  • the distance between the pair of side surfaces 33 a and 33 b, that is, the width of the protrusion 33 gradually decreases from the first substrate 10 toward the second substrate 20.
  • the side surface 33 a is, for example, a side surface on the vertically lower side among the plurality of side surfaces constituting the convex portion 33 when the light distribution control device 1 is disposed such that the z axis coincides with the vertical direction.
  • the side surface 33a is a refractive surface that refracts incident light.
  • the side surface 33 b is, for example, the side surface on the vertically upper side among the plurality of side surfaces configuring the convex portion 33 when the light distribution control device 1 is disposed such that the z axis coincides with the vertical direction.
  • the side surface 33 b is a reflective surface that reflects incident light. The reflection here is total reflection, and the side surface 33b functions as a total reflection surface.
  • the width (length in the z-axis direction) of the plurality of protrusions 33 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto.
  • the distance between two adjacent convex portions 33 is, for example, 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, but is not limited to this. Two adjacent convex portions 33 may be in contact with each other, or may be arranged at a predetermined interval.
  • the uneven structure layer 31 As a material of the uneven structure layer 31, for example, a resin material having light transmittance such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or a silicone resin can be used.
  • the uneven structure layer 31 is formed of, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin material, and can be formed by molding or nanoimprinting.
  • the concavo-convex structure layer 31 can form a concavo-convex structure having a triangular cross section by molding using, for example, an acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.5 for green light.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 is disposed so as to fill the spaces between the plurality of convex portions 33 (that is, the concave portions 34). Specifically, the refractive index variable layer 32 is disposed so as to fill a gap formed between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, since the convex portion 33 and the second electrode layer 50 are separated, the refractive index variable layer 32 is not limited to the concave portion 34, but the tip portion of the convex portion 33 and the second electrode layer It is arranged to fill the gap between 50 and 50.
  • the convex portion 33 and the second electrode layer 50 may be in contact with each other, and in this case, the refractive index variable layer 32 may be provided separately for each concave portion 34.
  • the refractive index of the variable-refractive-index layer 32 changes in accordance with the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 functions as a refractive index adjustment layer whose refractive index in the visible light band can be adjusted by application of an electric field.
  • the electric field changes in response to the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a DC voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 by a control unit (not shown) or the like.
  • variable-refractive-index layer 32 includes an insulating liquid 35 and nanoparticles 36 contained in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 is a nanoparticle dispersion layer in which innumerable nanoparticles 36 are dispersed in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the insulating liquid 35 is a transparent liquid having an insulating property, and is a solvent serving as a dispersion medium in which the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed as a dispersoid.
  • a material having a refractive index (solvent refractive index) of about 1.3 to about 1.6 can be used.
  • the insulating liquid 35 having a refractive index of about 1.4 is used.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the insulating liquid 35 is preferably about 100 mm 2 / s.
  • the insulating liquid 35 has a low dielectric constant (for example, not more than the dielectric constant of the concavo-convex structure layer 31), a non-flammable property (for example, a high flash point of 250 ° C. or more) and a low volatility. It is also good.
  • the insulating liquid 35 is a hydrocarbon such as aliphatic hydrocarbon, naphtha, and other petroleum solvents, a low molecular weight halogen-containing polymer, or a mixture thereof.
  • the insulating liquid 35 is a halogenated hydrocarbon such as a fluorinated hydrocarbon.
  • silicone oil or the like can also be used.
  • a plurality of nanoparticles 36 are dispersed in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are fine particles of nano order size.
  • the particle diameter of the nanoparticles 36 is preferably ⁇ / 4 or less.
  • the particle diameter of the nanoparticles 36 is preferably as small as possible, preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably several nm to several tens nm.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are made of, for example, a high refractive index material. Specifically, the refractive index of the nanoparticles 36 is higher than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 35. In the present embodiment, the refractive index of the nanoparticles 36 is higher than the refractive index of the uneven structure layer 31.
  • metal oxide fine particles can be used as the nanoparticles 36.
  • the nanoparticles 36 may be made of a material having high transmittance.
  • transparent zirconia particles having a refractive index of 2.1 and made of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) are used as the nanoparticles 36.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are not limited to zirconium oxide, and may be made of titanium oxide (TiO 2 : refractive index 2.5) or the like.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are charged charged particles.
  • the nanoparticles 36 can be positively (plus) or negatively (minus) charged.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are positively (plus) charged.
  • variable-refractive-index layer 32 configured in this manner, charged nanoparticles 36 are dispersed in the entire insulating liquid 35.
  • zirconia particles having a refractive index of 2.1 as the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed in the insulating liquid 35 having a solvent refractive index of about 1.4 as the refractive index variable layer 32.
  • the refractive index (average refractive index) of the entire refractive index variable layer 32 is set to be substantially the same as the refractive index of the concavo-convex structure layer 31 in a state where the nanoparticles 36 are uniformly dispersed in the insulating liquid 35. In the present embodiment, it is about 1.5.
  • the entire refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 can be changed by adjusting the concentration (amount) of the nanoparticles 36 dispersed in the insulating liquid 35. Although the details will be described later, the amount of the nanoparticles 36 is, for example, the extent of being buried in the recess 34 of the uneven structure layer 31. In this case, the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 to the insulating liquid 35 is about 10% to about 30%.
  • the nanoparticles 36 dispersed in the insulating liquid 35 are charged, when an electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, the nanoparticles 36 migrate in the insulating liquid 35 according to the electric field distribution, and the insulating liquid It is unevenly distributed within 35. Thereby, the particle distribution of the nanoparticles 36 in the refractive index variable layer 32 can be changed, and the concentration distribution of the nanoparticles 36 can be provided in the refractive index variable layer 32, so that the refractive index in the refractive index variable layer 32 Distribution changes. That is, the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 partially changes.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 functions as a refractive index adjustment layer that can mainly adjust the refractive index to light in the visible light band.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 has, for example, the respective outer peripheries of the first substrate 10 on which the first electrode layer 40 and the concavo-convex structure layer 31 are formed, and the second substrate 20 on which the second electrode layer 50 is formed. It forms by inject
  • the refractive index variable material is the insulating liquid 35 in which the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed. An insulating liquid 35 in which the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed is sealed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.
  • the thickness of the refractive index variable layer 32 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto. As an example, when the height of the convex portion 33 of the uneven structure layer 31 is 10 ⁇ m, the thickness of the refractive index variable layer 32 is, for example, 40 ⁇ m.
  • first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are electrically paired and configured to be able to apply an electric field to the light distribution layer 30.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are not only electrically but also disposed in a pair, and are disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 so as to face each other. ing. Specifically, the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are disposed to sandwich the light distribution layer 30.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 have translucency and transmit incident light.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are, for example, transparent conductive layers.
  • the material of the transparent conductive layer is a transparent metal oxide such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), a conductor containing resin made of a resin containing a conductor such as silver nanowire or conductive particles, or And metal thin films such as silver thin films can be used.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 may have a single-layer structure of these, or a laminated structure of these (for example, a laminated structure of a transparent metal oxide and a metal thin film).
  • each of the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 is ITO having a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the first electrode layer 40 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the uneven structure layer 31. Specifically, the first electrode layer 40 is formed on the surface of the first substrate 10 on the light distribution layer 30 side.
  • the second electrode layer 50 is disposed between the refractive index variable layer 32 and the second substrate 20. Specifically, the second electrode layer 50 is formed on the surface of the second substrate 20 on the light distribution layer 30 side.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are configured, for example, to enable electrical connection with an external power supply.
  • an electrode pad or the like for connection to an external power source may be drawn out from each of the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 and formed on the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are each formed by depositing a conductive film such as ITO by, for example, vapor deposition or sputtering.
  • FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining the non-application mode (transparent state) of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A no voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. Specifically, the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are at the same potential. In this case, since no electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed throughout the insulating liquid 35.
  • the refractive index of the variable-refractive-index layer 32 in the state in which the nanoparticles 36 are dispersed throughout the insulating liquid 35 is about 1.5, as described above.
  • the refractive index of the convex part 33 of the uneven structure layer 31 is about 1.5. That is, the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 is equal to the refractive index of the uneven structure layer 31. Therefore, the refractive index is uniform throughout the light distribution layer 30.
  • the light distribution control device 1 when light L is incident from an oblique direction, there is no difference in the refractive index at the interface between the refractive index variable layer 32 and the concavo-convex structure layer 31, so the light travels straight.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is in a transparent state that transmits incident light substantially as it is (without changing the traveling direction).
  • FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view for describing a first application mode (light distribution state) of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • a first voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the first voltage having a potential difference of about several tens of volts is applied to the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a predetermined electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, so in the refractive index variable layer 32, the charged nanoparticles 36 migrate in the insulating liquid 35 according to the electric field distribution. That is, the nanoparticles 36 electrophorese in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the second electrode layer 50 has a higher potential than the first electrode layer 40. For this reason, the positively charged nanoparticles 36 migrate toward the first electrode layer 40 and enter and accumulate in the recesses 34 of the uneven structure layer 31.
  • the particle distribution of the nanoparticles 36 changes, and the refractive index distribution in the variable-refractive-index layer 32 is uniform. It disappears.
  • the concentration distribution of the nanoparticles 36 is formed in the refractive index variable layer 32.
  • the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 is high, and in the second region 32 b on the second electrode layer 50 side, the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 is low. Therefore, a refractive index difference occurs between the first region 32a and the second region 32b.
  • the refractive index of the nanoparticles 36 is higher than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 35.
  • the refractive index of the first region 32a in which the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 is high is higher than the refractive index of the second region 32b in which the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 is low, that is, the proportion of the insulating liquid 35 is high.
  • the refractive index of the first region 32a will be a value greater than about 1.5 to about 1.8, depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 36.
  • the refractive index of the second region 32 b has a value smaller than about 1.4 to about 1.5 depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 36.
  • the refractive index of the plurality of convex portions 33 is about 1.5, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50, the convex portions 33 and the first region 32a In between, a refractive index difference occurs. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the light L is incident in an oblique direction, the incident light L is refracted by the side surface 33a of the convex portion 33, and then totally reflected by the side surface 33b. Thereby, the traveling direction of the light L incident obliquely downward is bent by the light distribution control device 1, and the indoor ceiling surface or the like is irradiated. As described above, the light distribution control device 1 is in a light distribution state in which incident light is transmitted by bending its traveling direction.
  • the degree of aggregation of the nanoparticles 36 can be changed according to the magnitude of the applied voltage.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 changes. For this reason, it is also possible to change the light distribution direction by changing the difference in refractive index between the side surface 33a and the side surface 33b (interface) of the convex portion 33.
  • FIG. 3C is an enlarged cross-sectional view for describing a second application mode (heat shielding state) of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • a second voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a second voltage having a potential difference of about several tens of volts is applied to the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a predetermined electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, so in the refractive index variable layer 32, the charged nanoparticles 36 migrate in the insulating liquid 35 according to the electric field distribution. That is, the nanoparticles 36 electrophorese in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the concentration distribution of the nanoparticles 36 is formed in the variable-refractive-index layer 32 as in the first application mode. At this time, the concentration distribution to be formed is different between the second application mode and the first application mode.
  • the second voltage applied in the second application mode and the first voltage applied in the first application mode have different values.
  • the second voltage is a voltage smaller than the first voltage.
  • the concentration of the nanoparticles 36 in the first region 32a is smaller than in the first application mode shown in FIG. 3B, and the nanoparticles in the second region 32b are The concentration of 36 increases. That is, in the second application mode, the refractive index of the first region 32a is smaller than that of the first application mode, and the refractive index of the second region 32b is larger. Further, in the second application mode, the sizes of the first region 32a and the second region 32b may be different from those in the first application mode.
  • the direction of refraction of light incident on the light distribution control device 1 changes.
  • the incident light L is totally reflected by the interface between the second substrate 20 and the outside (air layer) without being totally reflected by the side surface 33b after being refracted by the side surface 33a.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is returned to the inside.
  • light L is not taken into the room, so it is possible to suppress heat being taken into the room.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is in the heat shielding state in which the heat intake is suppressed by suppressing the light intake.
  • a component of light totally reflected by the side surface 33 b may be included.
  • the amount of light distributed is smaller, and the amount of light totally reflected by the interface between the second substrate 20 and the outside is larger.
  • FIG. 3C shows the case where the second voltage is smaller than the first voltage
  • the opposite may be applied, and the second voltage may be larger than the first voltage.
  • the 2nd voltage in which a thermal insulation state is formed is adjusted suitably, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a figure which shows an example at the time of applying the light distribution control device 1 which concerns on this Embodiment to the window of the building 90.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is used by being attached to a window glass 93, and is arranged to take light into the interior of the building 90.
  • FIG. 4 as an example of the building 90, a building whose height from the floor 92 to the ceiling 91 is 2.7 m and whose depth is 9 m is shown.
  • the window glass 93 is provided in a range of 30 cm above the floor to a height of 2.4 m from the ceiling 91.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is provided in the area of the upper half of the window glass 93. At this time, a light distribution control device having characteristics different from the light distribution control device 1 may be provided in the lower half region of the window glass 93. Alternatively, the lower half region may be provided with a device having no light distribution function. Moreover, the light distribution control device 1 may be provided on the entire window glass 93.
  • the light distribution control device 1 causes external light such as sunlight to be totally reflected to travel toward the ceiling 91 to illuminate the indoor ceiling 91 brightly. At this time, the light distribution control device 1 is required to suppress glare felt by the person 94 who is present indoors.
  • the person 94 is present at a distance of 1.6 m from the window glass 93, and shows a standing case and a sitting case.
  • the height of eyes when standing is 1.6 m from floor 92
  • the height of eyes when sitting is 1.2 m from floor 92.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the standing person 94 and the sitting person 94 in a staggered manner, in the following description, it is assumed that both of them are present at a position 1.6 m away from the window glass 93. It is assumed.
  • the light distribution area 80 and the direct area 81 are schematically shown. Both of the light distribution area 80 and the direct area 81 are represented by the range of the light emission angle ⁇ out with reference to the predetermined part of the light distribution control device 1.
  • the outgoing angle ⁇ out is represented by an angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and the upper side with respect to the horizontal plane is expressed with positive and the lower side with negative.
  • the predetermined part is the lower end of the light distribution control device 1.
  • the light distribution area 80 is an area through which light distributed by the light distribution control device 1 passes.
  • the light distribution region 80 is a range in which the emission angle ⁇ out of light from the lower end of the light distribution control device 1 is 3.6 ° or more and 80 ° or less.
  • the lower limit (in this case, 3.6 °) of the emission angle ⁇ out of the light distribution area 80 is a range in which the light distributed by the light distribution control device 1 does not enter the line of sight of the standing person 94 It is a value corresponding to the boundary.
  • the lower limit value is calculated by tan ⁇ 1 (0.1 / 1.6).
  • the lower limit value of the emission angle ⁇ out is not limited to this, and may be determined so as to allow light to reach the deepest part of the building 90.
  • the lower limit value is the difference from the lower end of the light distribution control device 1 to the ceiling 91 (here, 1.2 m) and the distance from the light distribution control device 1 to the deepest part of the building 90 (here, 9 m) may be calculated.
  • the lower limit value is calculated by tan ⁇ 1 (1.2 / 9), and may be 7.6 °.
  • the direct area 81 is an area through which light that can pass through the light distribution control device 1 and enter the eyes of the person 94 passes. Specifically, the direct area 81 is an area through which light directly entering the eyes of the person 94 from the light distribution control device 1 passes.
  • the direct region 81 is a range in which the emission angle ⁇ out of light from the lower end of the light distribution control device 1 is -43 ° or more and 3.6 ° or less.
  • the upper limit (in this case, 3.6 °) of the outgoing angle ⁇ out of the direct area 81 is the boundary between the range in which the light distributed by the light distribution control device 1 does not enter the line of sight of the standing person 94 Is a value corresponding to That is, the upper limit value of the direct light area 81 corresponds to the lower limit value of the light distribution area 80.
  • the lower limit (here, -43 °) of the outgoing angle ⁇ out of the direct area 81 corresponds to the boundary between the range in which the light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 does not enter the eye of the sitting person 94 and the range in which it enters. It is a value.
  • the solid line indicating the lower limit is the line of sight of the person 94 sitting with the upper end of the light distribution control device 1. And a line parallel to the broken line connecting
  • the light distribution control device 1 is required not only to simply take a large amount of light toward the ceiling 91 but also to suppress the glare of the person 94 who is indoors. Be done. Moreover, the light distribution control device 1 is required to have transparency in the transparent state, and high heat shielding performance is required in the heat shielding state.
  • the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device 1 which concerns on this Embodiment, a direct rate, a haze, and a solar radiation shielding coefficient are demonstrated.
  • the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device 1 in the light distribution state, is 27% or more.
  • the light distribution rate indicates the ratio of light distributed to light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1.
  • the distributed light is light distributed toward the ceiling 91 as shown in FIG. 4 when the light distribution control device 1 is used for a window.
  • the light to be distributed is light which passes through the light distribution control device 1 and is reflected by the ceiling 91 to illuminate the desk.
  • the light to be distributed is represented by the reflectance on the ceiling 91 and the illuminance on the desk taking into consideration the area ratio between the window and the ceiling 91.
  • the light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 is attenuated during transmission through each of the light distribution control device 1 and the window to which the light distribution control device 1 is attached among light incident on the light distribution control device 1. It is light.
  • the light which injects into the light distribution control device 1 is sunlight, for example, and is represented by the illumination by external light parallel light.
  • the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device 1 is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • the illuminance on the desk when the light distribution rate is 27% or more is calculated based on the above equation (1).
  • the illuminance of the outside light parallel light is, for example, 80,000 lx assuming that the daytime is fine.
  • permeability of the light distribution control device 1 which concerns on this Embodiment is 0.6, for example.
  • the ceiling reflectance is a reflectance of light emitted to the ceiling, and is, for example, 0.8.
  • the glass transmittance is the transmittance of a common window glass, and is, for example, 0.66.
  • the illuminance on the desk becomes 546 lx or more based on the above equation (1).
  • the illuminance on the desk is 546 lx or more corresponds to the case where the eye-line melanopic equivalent illuminance is 200 lx or more. Since the illuminance required for the work environment is realized only by the light distribution control device 1 when the desktop illuminance is 546 lx or more, indoor lighting may be darkened or may be extinguished. For this reason, energy consumption can be suppressed.
  • the light distribution rate can be 27% or more by setting the inclination angle with respect to the thickness direction of the side surface 33 b functioning as the reflective surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees to 25 degrees. Further, by setting the inclination angle of not only the side surface 33 b but also the side surface 33 a functioning as a refracting surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees to 25 degrees, the light distribution rate can be further enhanced. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since the electrophoretic material is used as the refractive index variable layer 32, both components of P polarization and S polarization can be distributed, so the light distribution ratio can be further enhanced. . Thereby, the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device 1 can be, for example, 49% or more, and can also be 67% or more.
  • the illuminance on the desk becomes 1000 lx based on the above equation (1), and sufficient brightness can be realized by the collection of sunlight.
  • the desktop illumination intensity is approximately 1366 lx based on the above equation (1). This corresponds to about 2.5 times the light distribution ratio of 27%, and further, sufficient brightness can be realized. Therefore, indoor lighting can be further darkened or can be turned off, and energy consumption can be further suppressed.
  • the direct light rate of the light distribution control device 1 is 10% or less.
  • the direct rate is a ratio of light traveling to the direct area 81 to light incident on the light distribution control device 1.
  • the light traveling to the direct area is represented by the peak illumination in the direct area.
  • the direct rate of the light distribution control device 1 is calculated by the following equation (2).
  • the peak illuminance in the direct area when the direct rate is 10% or less is calculated based on the above equation (2).
  • the illuminance of the outside light parallel light is, for example, 80,000 lx assuming the case of daytime fine weather as in the case of the light distribution rate.
  • the present inventors conducted a test to investigate the relationship between the transmittance and the tolerability of glare using a general window glass.
  • the test was conducted by having a plurality of subjects sitting at a position 2 m from the window glass and answering the questionnaire while looking at the window glass. At this time, a plurality of window glasses having different transmittances were prepared as target window glasses. For each window glass, each of a plurality of subjects was asked in 5 steps (1 to 5) whether or not the glare was acceptable. The lower the numerical value of the answer is, the more unacceptable the glare is, and the higher the numerical value is, the more acceptable is the glare.
  • FIG. 5 is a figure which shows the questionnaire result of whether it felt glare with respect to the transmittance
  • the horizontal axis is the transmittance of the window glass, and the vertical axis indicates whether or not the glare is acceptable.
  • the lower the transmittance of the window glass the smaller the proportion of people who feel glare. From the approximate curve shown by the solid line graph in FIG. 5, when the number of responses to the questionnaire is 3 points, that is, the transmittance when answering "nothing" as to whether or not the glare is acceptable is 10.8. %.
  • the direct light rate is 10% or less, the amount of light entering the eyes of the person 94 in the light distribution state is sufficiently reduced. Can be reduced.
  • the light distribution rate can be 27% or more only by setting the inclination angle with respect to the thickness direction of the side surface 33b functioning as the reflection surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees to 25 degrees. It is possible to reduce the directness rate to 10% or less. Further, by setting the inclination angle of not only the side surface 33 b but also the side surface 33 a functioning as the refracting surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees or more and 25 degrees or less, the directness ratio can be further lowered. Specifically, the direct rate of the light distribution control device 1 may be 3.7% or less.
  • the directness rate of the light distribution control device 1 may be 2.2% or less or 1.3% or less.
  • the numerical value of the answer is 4.5 or more, and it is possible to make almost everyone not feel glare.
  • the haze of the light distribution control device 1 in the transparent state, is 3.8% or less.
  • the haze is a parameter indicating the transparency of the light distribution control device 1. As the haze is smaller, the light distribution control device 1 is more transparent, and as the haze is larger, the light distribution control device 1 looks more cloudy.
  • an electrophoretic material is used as a material forming the refractive index variable layer 32. For this reason, since scattering of light in the refractive index variable layer 32 is suppressed, the haze is reduced. By appropriately adjusting the combination of materials as the insulating liquid 35 and the nanoparticles 36, the haze can be made to be 1.9% or less.
  • the inventors of the present invention conducted a test to investigate the relationship between the haze and the appearance of the window using a general window glass in the same manner as in the case of the glare tolerance.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the result of a questionnaire on how the window looks with respect to the haze of the window glass.
  • the horizontal axis is the transmittance of the window glass, and the vertical axis shows the appearance of the window. Note that FIG. 6 illustrates the case of looking at the outdoors from inside (square plot) and the case of looking at the indoor from outdoors (plot of triangle).
  • the haze of the window glass decreases, the proportion of those who answered clearly becomes clear increases. From the approximate curve shown by the solid line graph in FIG. 6, the haze is 3.8% when the number of responses to the questionnaire is three, that is, when the window looks “not one”.
  • the haze is 3.8% or less
  • a person who is indoors can use the light distribution control device 1.
  • the view outside can be seen clearly. If the haze of the light distribution control device 1 is 1.9% or less, the view can be seen more clearly.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient of the light distribution control device 1 in the heat shielding state, is 0.46 or less.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient indicates the heat inflow to the light distribution control device 1 when the heat inflow into the room due to transmission and re-radiation of the transparent plate glass having a thickness of 3 mm is 1.00.
  • the indoor temperature rise can be suppressed.
  • the output of the cooling function of the air conditioner can be reduced or stopped, so energy consumption can be reduced.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient can be set to 0.46 or less by setting the inclination angle with respect to the thickness direction of the side surface 33a functioning as the refracting surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees to 25 degrees. . Further, by setting the inclination angle of not only the side surface 33a but also the side surface 33b functioning as a reflection surface of the convex portion 33 in the range of 0 degrees to 25 degrees, the solar radiation shielding coefficient can be further lowered. Alternatively, light absorbing nanoparticles may be dispersed in the insulating liquid 35. By these, the solar radiation shielding coefficient of the light distribution control device 1 can be, for example, 0.35 or less.
  • the indoor temperature rise can be further suppressed.
  • the output of the cooling function of the air conditioner can be further reduced or stopped, so that energy consumption can be reduced.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is used to take in sunlight indoors. Since the position of the sun varies depending on the time zone, the characteristics required for the entire window differ depending on the orientation of the window in which the light distribution control device 1 is installed.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing an example in which the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment is applied to a south-facing window of a building 90.
  • the case where the building 90 is located in the northern hemisphere and the sun mainly passes the south side will be described as an example.
  • FIG. 7 corresponds to the application to a north facing window.
  • the light distribution control device 1 When applied to the south-facing window, as shown in FIG. 7, the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided in the upper half of the window glass 93, and the lower half of the window glass 93 is A light distribution control device 100 having optical characteristics different from the light distribution control device 1 is provided.
  • the area of the lower half of the window glass 93 can not sufficiently exhibit the light distribution function from the viewpoint of reducing the glare to the person 94. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, light can be distributed only from the window glass 93 to a depth of about 3 m. Therefore, the lower light distribution control device 100 may have a low light distribution rate.
  • the direct light rate and the haze of the light distribution control device 100 may be similar to those of the light distribution control device 1. That is, the direct light rate of the light distribution control device 100 may be 10% or less or 3.7% or less. The haze of the light distribution control device 100 may be 3.8% or less or 1.9% or less.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing an example in which the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment is applied to a west-facing window of a building 90. As shown in FIG.
  • the light distribution control device 1 When applied to the west-facing window, as shown in FIG. 8, the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided in the upper half of the window glass 93, and the light distribution control device 1 is provided in the lower half of the window glass 93. A heat shield control device 101 having no light function is provided.
  • the heat shield control device 101 is a device using, for example, a liquid crystal material or the like, and is a device capable of switching between a light scattering state and a transparent state by an applied voltage. For example, by using a device specialized to the heat shielding function without the light distribution function as the heat shielding control device 101, it is possible to enhance the heat shielding performance of the window glass 93 as a whole.
  • the direct heat rate and the haze of the heat shield control device 101 may be similar to those of the light distribution control device 1. That is, the direct heat rate of the heat shield control device 101 may be 10% or less or 3.7% or less. The haze of the heat shield control device 101 may be 3.8% or less or 1.9% or less.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient may be 0.46 or less as the whole window.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient as the whole window should just be 0.46 or less.
  • the light distribution control device 1 includes the light transmitting first substrate 10 and the light transmitting second substrate 20 disposed opposite to the first substrate 10.
  • a light distribution layer 30 disposed between the layer 50 and for distributing incident light.
  • the light distribution layer 30 is disposed so as to fill the space between the plurality of convex portions 33 with the uneven structure layer 31 having the plurality of convex portions 33, and a voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the variable-refractive-index layer 32 whose refractive index changes according to.
  • the light distribution layer 30 can change between the transparent state and the light distribution state in which incident light is bent and travels.
  • the light distribution ratio indicating the ratio of the light distributed to the light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 is 27% or more.
  • the direct light ratio indicating the ratio of light traveling to the direct light region 81 to the incident light is 10% or less.
  • the haze of the light distribution control device 1 is 3.8% or less.
  • the light distribution control device 1 with high transparency can be implement
  • the light distribution layer 30 can be changed to a heat shielding state which suppresses transmission of incident light by further changing the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient of the light distribution control device 1 is 0.46 or less.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient in a thermal insulation state is small enough, the light distribution control device 1 with high thermal insulation can be implement
  • the light distribution control device 1 when the light distribution control device 1 is in the heat insulating state, for example, since the temperature rise in the room can be suppressed, it is possible to reduce or stop the output of the cooling function of the air conditioning facility. This can reduce energy consumption.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 includes the insulating liquid 35, and the plurality of charged nanoparticles 36 dispersed in the insulating liquid 35 that have different refractive indexes from the insulating liquid 35.
  • the direction of the light distributed in the light distribution state changes in accordance with the degree of aggregation of the charged nanoparticles 36 dispersed in the insulating liquid 35.
  • the degree of aggregation of the nanoparticles 36 can be easily changed according to the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. Therefore, the transparent state, the light distribution state and the heat shielding state can be easily changed.
  • either P-polarized light or S-polarized light can be distributed, so the light distribution can be increased.
  • any of P-polarized light and S-polarized light can be refracted, so the amount of light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 can be reduced. Thereby, the heat shielding performance can be further enhanced.
  • the haze of the light distribution control device 1 may be greater than 3.8%.
  • the solar radiation shielding coefficient of the light distribution control device 1 may be larger than 0.46.
  • at least one of the light distribution rate, the direct light rate, the haze, and the solar radiation shielding coefficient of the light distribution control device 1 may satisfy the above-described characteristics.
  • the light distribution control device 1 may not be able to realize the heat shielding state. That is, the light distribution control device 1 may be able to switch only two states of the transparent state and the light distribution state.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is disposed in the window such that the longitudinal direction of the convex portion 33 is the x-axis direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the light distribution control device 1 may be disposed in the window such that the longitudinal direction of the convex portion 33 is the z-axis direction.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 may be divided into a plurality of portions in the x-axis direction.
  • the plurality of convex portions 33 may be arranged to be dispersed in a matrix or the like. That is, the plurality of convex portions 33 may be arranged in a dotted manner.
  • each of the plurality of convex portions 33 has the same shape.
  • the shapes may be different in the plane.
  • the inclination angles of the side surfaces 33a or 33b of the plurality of protrusions 33 may be different between the upper half and the lower half in the z-axis direction in the light distribution control device 1.
  • the refractive index of the nanoparticles 36 may be lower than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 35.
  • the nanoparticles 36 are positively charged in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the nanoparticles 36 may be negatively charged.
  • a direct potential is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 by applying a positive potential to the first electrode layer 40 and applying a negative potential to the second electrode layer 50. It is good to do.
  • the plurality of nanoparticles 36 may include a plurality of types of nanoparticles having different optical properties. For example, it may include positively charged transparent first nanoparticles and negatively charged opaque (such as black) second nanoparticles.
  • the light distribution control device may be provided with a light shielding function by aggregating and unevenly distributing the second nanoparticles.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a liquid crystal material may be used as the refractive index variable material.
  • the refractive index of the variable-refractive-index layer changes by utilizing the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal material.
  • the refractive index of the variable-refractive-index layer changes by changing the alignment of liquid crystal molecules according to the electric field applied to the variable-refractive-index layer. As a result, it is possible to control the transparent state, the light distribution state, and the light distribution direction in the light distribution state.
  • sunlight was illustrated as light which injects into a light distribution control device in said embodiment, it does not restrict to this.
  • the light incident on the light distribution control device may be light emitted by a light emitting device such as a lighting device.
  • the light distribution control device is not limited to being installed in a window of a building, and may be installed in, for example, a window of a car.
  • the light distribution control device can also be used, for example, as a light distribution control member such as a light transmission cover of a lighting fixture.
  • the light distribution control device can also be used as a blind member utilizing scattering of light at the interface of the concavo-convex structure.
  • the present invention can be realized by arbitrarily combining components and functions in each embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention or embodiments obtained by applying various modifications that those skilled in the art may think to each embodiment.
  • the form is also included in the present invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un dispositif de commande de photoalignement (1), comprenant: un premier substrat (10) et un second substrat (20) qui sont translucides et positionnés en face l'un de l'autre; une première couche d'électrode (40) et une seconde couche d'électrode (50) qui sont translucides et positionnées l'une en face de l'autre entre le premier substrat (10) et le second substrat (20); et une couche de photoalignement (30) positionnée entre la première couche d'électrode (40) et la seconde couche d'électrode (50). La couche de photoalignement (30) comprend: une couche à motifs irréguliers (31) qui a une pluralité de parties saillantes (33); et une couche à indice de réfraction variable (32) qui est positionnée de manière à remplir les espaces entre la pluralité de parties saillantes (33), et dont l'indice de réfraction varie en fonction de la tension appliquée entre la première couche d'électrode (40) et la seconde couche d'électrode (50). La couche de photoalignement est configurée pour passer d'un état transparent à un état photoaligné, dans lequel la lumière incidente est courbée pendant son parcours, en fonction d'un changement de l'indice de réfraction de la couche à indice de réfraction variable (32). Lorsque la couche de photoalignement (30) se trouve dans l'état photoaligné, le rapport de photoalignement du dispositif de commande de photoalignement (1) est de 27 % ou plus, et le rapport de rayonnement direct est inférieur ou égal à 10 %.
PCT/JP2018/042809 2017-12-26 2018-11-20 Dispositif de commande de phototalignement WO2019130913A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023087392A1 (fr) * 2021-11-18 2023-05-25 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 Couche de régulation et son procédé de préparation, et dispositif photoélectrique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015114640A (ja) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-22 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器
WO2016063500A1 (fr) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif optique, système de commande de dispositif optique, et procédé de fabrication de dispositif optique
WO2016163079A1 (fr) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de commande de la lumière

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015114640A (ja) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-22 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器
WO2016063500A1 (fr) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif optique, système de commande de dispositif optique, et procédé de fabrication de dispositif optique
WO2016163079A1 (fr) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de commande de la lumière

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023087392A1 (fr) * 2021-11-18 2023-05-25 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 Couche de régulation et son procédé de préparation, et dispositif photoélectrique

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