WO2019163377A1 - Dispositif de commande de distribution de lumière - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de distribution de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019163377A1
WO2019163377A1 PCT/JP2019/002044 JP2019002044W WO2019163377A1 WO 2019163377 A1 WO2019163377 A1 WO 2019163377A1 JP 2019002044 W JP2019002044 W JP 2019002044W WO 2019163377 A1 WO2019163377 A1 WO 2019163377A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
light distribution
refractive index
protrusions
electrode layer
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PCT/JP2019/002044
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
旬臣 芝田
ちぐさ 尾崎
太田　益幸
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2019163377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019163377A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light distribution control device.
  • a light distribution control device capable of changing the transmission state of external light such as sunlight incident from the outside is known.
  • Patent Document 1 includes a pair of transparent substrates, a pair of transparent electrode layers formed on each of the pair of transparent substrates, and an inclined cross-sectional structure layer and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of transparent electrode layers.
  • a liquid crystal optical element is disclosed.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is changed by a voltage applied to the pair of transparent electrodes, and the refraction angle of light passing through the interface between the inclined surface of the inclined sectional structure layer and the liquid crystal layer is changed.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a light distribution control device capable of efficiently daylighting indoors when used for windows.
  • a light distribution control device includes a first substrate having translucency, and a second substrate having translucency, which is disposed to face the first substrate.
  • a light distribution layer that distributes incident light, and the light distribution layer is provided on the first substrate side and has a first concavo-convex structure layer having a plurality of first protrusions, A second concavo-convex structure layer provided on the second substrate side and having a plurality of second protrusions, and disposed between the plurality of first protrusions and between the plurality of second protrusions,
  • a refractive index variable layer whose refractive index changes according to a voltage applied between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and the refractive index variable layer
  • the light distribution control device can efficiently illuminate indoors when used for windows.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a light distribution control device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a part of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view showing a part of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a part of another example of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6A is a vertical sectional view for explaining a non-application mode (transparent state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is a horizontal sectional view for explaining a non-application mode (transparent state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7A is a vertical sectional view for explaining a voltage application mode (light distribution state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7B is a horizontal sectional view for explaining a voltage application mode (light distribution state) of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment for each combination of the sun direction and altitude.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the probability of existence of the sun with respect to the combination of the azimuth and altitude where the sun exists, observed at a point of 35 ° north latitude.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the inclination angle of the second protrusions of the second uneven structure layer of the light distribution control device according to the embodiment and the annual average light distribution rate.
  • the x axis, the y axis, and the z axis indicate the three axes of the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system.
  • the z-axis direction is the vertical direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the z-axis is the horizontal direction.
  • the positive direction of the z-axis is vertically upward.
  • the “thickness direction” means the thickness direction of the light distribution control device, which is a direction perpendicular to the main surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate
  • plane view means , When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the first substrate or the second substrate.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment, and shows an enlarged region II surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3 and 4 are an enlarged vertical sectional view and a horizontal sectional view, respectively, showing a part of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is an optical device that controls light incident on the light distribution control device 1.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is a light distribution element that can change the traveling direction of light incident on the light distribution control device 1 (that is, distribute light) and emit the light.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is configured to transmit incident light, and includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, a light distribution layer 30, One electrode layer 40 and a second electrode layer 50 are provided.
  • an adhesion layer for closely adhering the first electrode layer 40 and the first uneven structure layer 31a of the light distribution layer 30 may be provided on the surface of the first electrode layer 40 on the light distribution layer 30 side. Similarly, even if an adhesion layer is provided on the surface of the second electrode layer 50 on the light distribution layer 30 side so that the second electrode layer 50 and the second uneven structure layer 31b of the light distribution layer 30 are adhered to each other. Good.
  • the adhesion layer is, for example, a translucent adhesive sheet or a resin material generally called a primer.
  • the first electrode layer 40, the light distribution layer 30, and the second electrode layer 50 are disposed in this order along the thickness direction between the paired first substrate 10 and second substrate 20. It is a configuration. In order to maintain the distance between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, a plurality of particulate spacers may be dispersed in the plane, or a columnar structure may be formed.
  • the light distribution control device 1 can be realized, for example, as a window with a light distribution function by being installed in a building window.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is used by being attached to a transparent base material such as an existing window glass through an adhesive layer, for example.
  • the light distribution control device 1 may be used as a building window itself.
  • the first substrate 10 is on the outdoor side
  • the second substrate 20 is on the indoor side
  • the second side surface 33b is on the upper side (ceiling side).
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 of the light distribution layer 30 changes depending on the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. Thereby, a difference in refractive index is generated at the interface between the first uneven structure layer 31a and the refractive index variable layer 32, and light is distributed using light refraction and reflection (total reflection) by the interface. For example, at least part of the light incident obliquely downward is emitted obliquely upward by the first convex portion 33.
  • a difference in refractive index occurs at the interface between the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b and the refractive index variable layer 32, and light is distributed using refraction and reflection (total reflection) of light by the interface. For example, at least part of the light incident from the oblique left direction or the oblique right direction is emitted in the front direction of the light distribution control device 1 by the second convex portion 35.
  • the light distribution control device 1 switches between the transparent state and the light distribution state according to the magnitude of the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the light distribution direction (traveling direction) of light in the light distribution state changes according to the magnitude of the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are base materials having translucency.
  • a glass substrate or a resin substrate can be used as the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.
  • Examples of the material for the glass substrate include soda glass, alkali-free glass, and high refractive index glass.
  • Examples of the material for the resin substrate include resin materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), acrylic (PMMA), and epoxy.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMMA acrylic
  • the glass substrate has the advantages of high light transmittance and low moisture permeability. On the other hand, the resin substrate has an advantage of less scattering at the time of destruction.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials. Moreover, the 1st board
  • the second substrate 20 is a counter substrate facing the first substrate 10 and is disposed at a position facing the first substrate 10.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are arranged in parallel with a predetermined distance of, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
  • substrate 20 are adhere
  • the plan view shape of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 is, for example, a rectangular shape such as a square or a rectangle, but is not limited thereto, and may be a polygon other than a circle or a rectangle, Any shape can be employed.
  • the light distribution layer 30 is disposed between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the light distribution layer 30 has translucency and transmits incident light.
  • the light distribution layer 30 distributes the incident light. That is, the light distribution layer 30 changes the traveling direction of light when the light passes through the light distribution layer 30.
  • the light distribution layer 30 includes a first uneven structure layer 31a, a second uneven structure layer 31b, and a refractive index variable layer 32.
  • light is reflected at the interface between the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a and the refractive index variable layer 32, whereby the traveling direction of the light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 with respect to the vertical direction is bent.
  • the traveling direction of the light transmitted through the light distribution control device 1 with respect to the horizontal direction is bent.
  • the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a is a finely shaped layer provided to make the surface (interface) of the refractive index variable layer 32 uneven. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first uneven structure layer 31 a includes a plurality of first protrusions 33 and a plurality of first recesses 34.
  • the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a is a concavo-convex structure constituted by a plurality of first convex portions 33 having a micro-order size. Between the plurality of first protrusions 33 are a plurality of first recesses 34. That is, one first concave portion 34 is between two adjacent first convex portions 33. In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an example in which the plurality of first protrusions 33 are individually separated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33 may be individually connected at the root (on the first electrode layer 40 side).
  • a layer (film) -like base portion serving as a base of the first convex portion 33 may be provided between the plurality of first convex portions 33 and the first electrode layer 40.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33 are a plurality of protrusions arranged side by side in the z-axis direction parallel to the main surface of the first substrate 10 (the surface on which the first electrode layer 40 is provided). That is, in the present embodiment, the z-axis direction is an arrangement direction of the plurality of first convex portions 33.
  • the plurality of first convex portions 33 are long convex shapes extending in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction. Specifically, the plurality of first protrusions 33 are formed in a stripe shape extending in the x-axis direction. Each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 extends linearly along the x-axis direction. For example, each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 is a quadrangular prism that is disposed sideways with respect to the first electrode layer 40. The plurality of first convex portions 33 may extend while meandering along the x-axis direction. For example, the plurality of first protrusions 33 may be formed in a wavy stripe shape.
  • each of the plurality of first convex portions 33 has a shape that tapers from the root to the tip.
  • the cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 is a tapered shape that tapers along the direction from the first substrate 10 toward the second substrate 20.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion 33 in the yz cross section is a substantially trapezoid that tapers along the thickness direction of the light distribution control device 1, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion 33 may be a substantially triangular shape, other polygons, or a polygon including a curve.
  • the shapes of the plurality of first protrusions 33 are the same as each other, but may be different.
  • the substantially trapezoidal or triangular shape includes a trapezoidal or triangular shape with rounded vertices.
  • the substantially trapezoidal shape or the substantially triangular shape includes a case where each side is not completely straight, for example, a case where the side is slightly bent with a displacement of about several percent of the length of each side, or a minute unevenness. Cases are also included.
  • each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 has a first side surface 33a and a second side surface 33b.
  • the first side surface 33a and the second side surface 33b are surfaces that intersect the z-axis direction.
  • Each of the first side surface 33a and the second side surface 33b is an inclined surface that is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the y-axis direction.
  • the distance between the first side surface 33 a and the second side surface 33 b, that is, the width of the first convex portion 33 gradually decreases from the first substrate 10 toward the second substrate 20.
  • the first side surface 33a is a side surface on the vertically lower side among the plurality of side surfaces constituting the first convex portion 33. .
  • the first side surface 33a is a refracting surface that refracts incident light.
  • the second side surface 33b is a side surface on the vertically upper side among the plurality of side surfaces constituting the first convex portion 33. .
  • the second side surface 33b is a reflecting surface that reflects incident light. The reflection here is total reflection, and the second side surface 33b functions as a total reflection surface.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ down of the first side surface 33a and the inclination angle ⁇ up of the second side surface 33b are, for example, in the range of 0 ° to 25 °.
  • the two base angles of the substantially trapezoidal shape or the substantially triangular shape that are the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion 33 are 65 ° or more and 90 ° or less, respectively.
  • at least one of the two base angles may be smaller than 65 °.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ down of the first side surface 33a and the inclination angle ⁇ up of the second side surface 33b are different from each other.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ down is 5 ° and the inclination angle ⁇ up is 16 °, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ down and the inclination angle ⁇ up may be equal.
  • the width (length in the z-axis direction) of the plurality of first protrusions 33 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto.
  • the interval between two adjacent first convex portions 33 is, for example, 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto.
  • the material of the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a for example, a light-transmissive resin material such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or a silicone resin can be used.
  • the first uneven structure layer 31a is formed of, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin material, and can be formed by molding or nanoimprinting.
  • the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a can form a concavo-convex structure with a trapezoidal cross section by mold pressing using an acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.5 for green light.
  • the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b is a finely shaped layer provided to make the surface (interface) of the refractive index variable layer 32 uneven. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second uneven structure layer 31 b includes a plurality of second protrusions 35 and a plurality of second recesses 36.
  • the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b is a concavo-convex structure constituted by a plurality of second convex portions 35 having a micro-order size. Between the plurality of second convex portions 35 are a plurality of second concave portions 36. That is, one second concave portion 36 is between two adjacent second convex portions 35. In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, an example in which the plurality of second convex portions 35 are individually separated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the plurality of second convex portions 35 may be connected to each other at the root (second electrode layer 50 side).
  • a layer (film) -like base portion serving as a base of the second convex portion 35 may be provided between the plurality of second convex portions 35 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the plurality of second protrusions 35 are a plurality of protrusions arranged side by side in the x-axis direction parallel to the main surface of the second substrate 20 (the surface on which the second electrode layer 50 is provided). That is, in the present embodiment, the x-axis direction is an arrangement direction of the plurality of second convex portions 35.
  • the plurality of second convex portions 35 are long convex shapes extending in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction. Specifically, the plurality of second convex portions 35 are formed in a stripe shape extending in the z-axis direction. Each of the plurality of second convex portions 35 extends linearly along the z-axis direction. For example, each of the plurality of second convex portions 35 is a rectangular column that is disposed sideways with respect to the second electrode layer 50. The plurality of second convex portions 35 may extend while meandering along the z-axis direction. For example, the plurality of second convex portions 35 may be formed in a wavy stripe shape.
  • the direction in which the first protrusions 33 of the first uneven structure layer 31a extend and the direction in which the second protrusions 35 of the second uneven structure layer 31b extend are orthogonal to each other.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33 are arranged along the direction in which the second protrusions 35 extend (z-axis direction), and each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 is an arrangement direction of the second protrusions 35. It extends in the (x-axis direction).
  • the plurality of second convex portions 35 are arranged along the extending direction (x-axis direction) of the first convex portion 33, and each of the plurality of second convex portions 35 is an arrangement of the first convex portions 33. It extends in the direction (z-axis direction).
  • each of the plurality of second convex portions 35 has a shape that tapers from the root to the tip.
  • the cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of second convex portions 35 is a tapered shape that tapers along the direction from the second substrate 20 toward the first substrate 10.
  • the cross-sectional shape in the yz section of the second convex portion 35 is a substantially trapezoidal shape that tapers along the thickness direction of the light distribution control device 1, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second convex portion 35 may be a substantially triangular shape, other polygons, or a polygon including a curve.
  • the shapes of the plurality of second convex portions 35 are the same as each other, but may be different.
  • each of the plurality of second protrusions 35 has a first side surface 35a and a second side surface 35b.
  • the first side surface 35a and the second side surface 35b are surfaces that intersect the x-axis direction.
  • Each of the first side surface 35a and the second side surface 35b is an inclined surface that is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the y-axis direction.
  • the distance between the first side surface 35 a and the second side surface 35 b, that is, the width of the second convex portion 35 gradually decreases from the second substrate 20 toward the first substrate 10.
  • the first side surface 35 a It is a left side surface among a plurality of side surfaces which constitute.
  • the second side surface 35b It is a right side surface among a plurality of side surfaces constituting it.
  • the first side surface 35a and the second side surface 35b refract or reflect part of the light that has passed through the refractive index variable layer 32. Thereby, a part of the light passing through the light distribution layer 30 is bent left and right.
  • Right inclination angle beta left and the second side surface 35b of the first side surface 35a for example in the range of 0 ° or 25 ° or less.
  • the two base angles of the substantially trapezoidal shape or the substantially triangular shape which are the cross-sectional shape of the second convex portion 35 are 65 ° or more and 90 ° or less, respectively.
  • at least one of the two base angles may be smaller than 65 °.
  • the inclination angle beta left of the first side surface 35a and the inclination angle beta. Right of the second side surface 35b, are equal to each other.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ left and the inclination angle ⁇ right are 10 °, but are not limited thereto.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ left and the inclination angle ⁇ right may be different from each other.
  • the width (length in the z-axis direction) of the plurality of second convex portions 35 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto. Further, the interval between two adjacent second convex portions 35 is, for example, 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto.
  • the material of the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b is the same as the material of the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a.
  • a resin material having optical transparency such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or a silicone resin can be used.
  • the material of the second uneven structure layer 31b may be different from the material of the first uneven structure layer 31a.
  • the first uneven structure layer 31a and the second uneven structure layer 31b may have the same or different refractive indexes.
  • the second uneven structure layer 31b is formed of, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin material, and can be formed by molding or nanoimprinting.
  • the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b can form a concavo-convex structure having a trapezoidal cross section by mold pressing using an acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.5 for green light.
  • the second uneven structure layer 31b has, for example, a shape and an arrangement obtained by rotating the first uneven structure layer 31a by 90 °.
  • the arrangement interval of the first protrusions 33 is equal to the arrangement interval of the second protrusions 35, but they may be different.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a part of a light distribution control device 100 according to another example of the present embodiment.
  • the light distribution control device 100 is provided with the light distribution control except that the light distribution layer 130 is provided in place of the light distribution layer 30 so that the first protrusion 33 and the second protrusion 35 are not in contact with each other. Same as device 1.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 is disposed so as to fill between the plurality of first protrusions 33 (that is, the first recesses 34) and between the plurality of second protrusions 35 (that is, the second recesses 36). Yes. Specifically, the refractive index variable layer 32 is disposed so as to fill a gap formed between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. As shown in FIG. 5, when the distal end portion of the first convex portion 33 and the distal end portion of the second convex portion 35 are separated from each other, the refractive index variable layer 32 includes the first concave portion 34 and the second concave portion 36. In addition, it is arranged so as to fill a gap between the tip of the first protrusion 33 and the tip of the second protrusion 35.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 changes depending on the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 functions as a refractive index adjustment layer capable of adjusting the refractive index in the visible light band when an electric field is applied.
  • the electric field changes according to the voltage applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a DC voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 by a control unit (not shown).
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 includes an insulating liquid 37 and nanoparticles 38 included in the insulating liquid 37.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 is a nanoparticle dispersion layer in which countless nanoparticles 38 are dispersed in an insulating liquid 37.
  • the insulating liquid 37 is a transparent liquid having insulating properties, and is a solvent serving as a dispersion medium in which the nanoparticles 38 are dispersed as a dispersoid.
  • a material having a refractive index (solvent refractive index) of about 1.3 to about 1.6 can be used.
  • an insulating liquid 37 having a refractive index of about 1.4 is used.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the insulating liquid 37 is preferably about 100 mm 2 / s.
  • the insulating liquid 37 has a low dielectric constant (for example, less than the dielectric constant of the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a and the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b) and non-flammability (for example, a high flash point having a flash point of 250 ° C. or higher). ) And low volatility.
  • the insulating liquid 37 is a hydrocarbon such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon, naphtha, and other petroleum solvents, a low molecular weight halogen-containing polymer, or a mixture thereof.
  • the insulating liquid 37 is a halogenated hydrocarbon such as a fluorinated hydrocarbon.
  • silicone oil or the like can be used.
  • a plurality of nanoparticles 38 are dispersed in the insulating liquid 37.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are fine particles having a particle size of nano-order size. Specifically, when the wavelength of incident light is ⁇ , the particle size of the nanoparticles 38 is preferably ⁇ / 4 or less. By setting the particle size of the nanoparticles 38 to ⁇ / 4 or less, light scattering by the nanoparticles 38 can be reduced, and an average refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 and the insulating liquid 37 can be obtained.
  • the particle size of the nanoparticles 38 is preferably as small as possible, preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably several nm to several tens nm.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are made of, for example, a high refractive index material. Specifically, the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 is higher than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 37. In the present embodiment, the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 is higher than the refractive indexes of the first uneven structure layer 31a and the second uneven structure layer 31b.
  • the nanoparticles 38 for example, metal oxide fine particles can be used.
  • the nanoparticles 38 may be made of a material having a high transmittance.
  • transparent zirconia particles having a refractive index of 2.1 composed of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) are used as the nanoparticles 38.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are not limited to zirconium oxide, and may be composed of titanium oxide (TiO 2 : refractive index 2.5) or the like.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are charged particles that are charged.
  • the nanoparticles 38 can be charged positively (plus) or negatively (minus).
  • the nanoparticles 38 are positively (plus) charged.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 configured in this way, charged nanoparticles 38 are dispersed throughout the insulating liquid 37.
  • zirconia particles having a refractive index of 2.1 as nanoparticles 38 and dispersed in an insulating liquid 37 having a solvent refractive index of about 1.4 are used as the refractive index variable layer 32. It is said.
  • the refractive index (average refractive index) of the entire refractive index variable layer 32 is such that the first concavo-convex structure layer 31 a and the second concavo-convex structure layer 31 b in a state where the nanoparticles 38 are uniformly dispersed in the insulating liquid 37.
  • the refractive index is set to be substantially the same, and in the present embodiment, it is about 1.5.
  • the overall refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 can be changed by adjusting the concentration (amount) of the nanoparticles 38 dispersed in the insulating liquid 37.
  • the amount of the nanoparticles 38 is, for example, such that it is buried in the first recess 34 of the first uneven structure layer 31a. In this case, the concentration of the nanoparticles 38 with respect to the insulating liquid 37 is about 10% to about 30%.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 Since the nanoparticles 38 dispersed in the insulating liquid 37 are charged, when an electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, the nanoparticles 38 migrate in the insulating liquid 37 in accordance with the electric field distribution, and the insulating liquid 37 37 is unevenly distributed. As a result, the particle distribution of the nanoparticles 38 in the refractive index variable layer 32 can be changed to give the concentration distribution of the nanoparticles 38 in the refractive index variable layer 32, so that the refractive index in the refractive index variable layer 32 can be obtained. Distribution changes. That is, the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 partially changes. Thus, the refractive index variable layer 32 mainly functions as a refractive index adjustment layer that can adjust the refractive index for light in the visible light band.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 includes, for example, the first substrate 10 on which the first electrode layer 40 and the first uneven structure layer 31a are formed, and the second substrate on which the second electrode layer 50 and the second uneven structure layer 31b are formed.
  • the refractive index variable material is injected by a vacuum injection method.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 after the refractive index variable material is dropped onto the first electrode layer 40 and the first uneven structure layer 31a of the first substrate 10, the second electrode layer 50 and the second uneven structure layer 31b are formed. You may form by bonding the formed 2nd board
  • the refractive index variable material is an insulating liquid 37 in which nanoparticles 38 are dispersed.
  • An insulating liquid 37 in which nanoparticles 38 are dispersed is sealed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.
  • the thickness of the refractive index variable layer 32 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto.
  • first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are electrically paired and configured to apply an electric field to the light distribution layer 30.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are paired not only electrically but also in arrangement, and are arranged between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 so as to face each other. ing. Specifically, the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are arranged so as to sandwich the light distribution layer 30.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are translucent and transmit incident light.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are, for example, transparent conductive layers.
  • a conductor-containing resin made of a resin containing a conductor such as a transparent metal oxide such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), silver nanowires or conductive particles, or A metal thin film such as a silver thin film can be used.
  • the 1st electrode layer 40 and the 2nd electrode layer 50 may be these single layer structures, and these laminated structures (for example, laminated structure of a transparent metal oxide and a metal thin film) may be sufficient as them.
  • each of the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 is ITO having a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the first electrode layer 40 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the first uneven structure layer 31a. Specifically, the first electrode layer 40 is formed on the surface of the first substrate 10 on the light distribution layer 30 side.
  • the second electrode layer 50 is disposed between the second concavo-convex structure layer 31b and the second substrate 20. Specifically, the second electrode layer 50 is formed on the surface of the second substrate 20 on the light distribution layer 30 side.
  • the 1st electrode layer 40 and the 2nd electrode layer 50 are comprised so that electrical connection with an external power supply is attained, for example.
  • electrode pads or the like for connecting to an external power source may be formed on the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 by being drawn from each of the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 are each formed by forming a conductive film such as ITO by vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like, for example.
  • 6A and 6B are a vertical sectional view and a horizontal sectional view for explaining the non-application mode (transparent state) of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment, respectively. Moreover, in each of FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the path
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 in a state where the nanoparticles 38 are dispersed throughout the insulating liquid 37 is about 1.5 as described above.
  • the refractive index of the 1st convex part 33 of the 1st uneven structure layer 31a and the refractive index of the 2nd convex part 35 of the 2nd uneven structure layer 31b are about 1.5. That is, the plurality of first protrusions 33, the plurality of second protrusions 35, and the refractive index variable layer 32 have the same refractive index. Therefore, the refractive index is uniform throughout the light distribution layer 30.
  • the light distribution control device 1 is in a transparent state that allows the incident light to pass through substantially as it is (without changing the traveling direction).
  • the light L is actually incident on the first substrate 10, emitted from the second substrate 20, passed through the interface between the first substrate 10 and the first electrode layer 40, and the second Although it is refracted when the passing medium changes, such as when passing through the interface between the electrode layer 50 and the second substrate 20, it is not shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
  • 6A and 6B show the traveling direction of the light L in the light distribution layer 30 in detail. The same applies to FIGS. 7A and 7B described later.
  • ⁇ Light distribution state (voltage application mode)> 7A and 7B are a vertical sectional view and a horizontal sectional view for explaining a voltage application mode (light distribution state) of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment, respectively. Further, in each of FIGS. 7A and 7B, the path of the light L incident obliquely with respect to the light distribution control device 1 is indicated by a thick arrow.
  • a predetermined voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a voltage having a potential difference of about several tens of volts is applied to the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50.
  • a predetermined electric field is applied to the refractive index variable layer 32, and therefore, in the refractive index variable layer 32, the charged nanoparticles 38 migrate in the insulating liquid 37 according to the electric field distribution. That is, the nanoparticles 38 are electrophoresed in the insulating liquid 37.
  • the second electrode layer 50 is at a higher potential than the first electrode layer 40. For this reason, the positively charged nanoparticles 38 migrate toward the first electrode layer 40, and enter and accumulate in the first recesses 34 of the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are unevenly distributed on the first uneven structure layer 31a side in the refractive index variable layer 32, whereby the particle distribution of the nanoparticles 38 is changed, and the refractive index distribution in the refractive index variable layer 32 is uniform. It is not like. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a concentration distribution of the nanoparticles 38 is formed in the refractive index variable layer 32.
  • the concentration of the nanoparticles 38 is high, and in the second region 32b on the second uneven structure layer 31b side, the concentration of the nanoparticles 38 is low. Accordingly, a difference in refractive index occurs between the first region 32a and the second region 32b.
  • the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 is higher than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 37. Therefore, the refractive index of the first region 32a where the concentration of the nanoparticles 38 is high is higher than the refractive index of the second region 32b where the concentration of the nanoparticles 38 is low, that is, the proportion of the insulating liquid 37 is large.
  • the refractive index of the first region 32a is greater than about 1.5 to about 1.8 depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 38.
  • the refractive index of the second region 32b is a value less than about 1.4 to less than about 1.5 depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 38.
  • the refractive index of the plurality of first protrusions 33 is about 1.5, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50, the first protrusions 33 and the first protrusions 33 A refractive index difference occurs between the region 32a and the region 32a. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the light L is incident from an oblique direction, the incident light L is refracted by the first side surface 33a of the first convex portion 33 and then totally reflected by the second side surface 33b. .
  • the incident angle ⁇ in and the outgoing angle ⁇ out of the light L are different in the vertical cross section.
  • the light L incident from diagonally upward to diagonally downward is emitted from the light distribution control device 1 diagonally upward.
  • the refractive index of the plurality of second convex portions 35 is about 1.5, a slight difference in refractive index is also generated between the second convex portion 35 and the second region 32b.
  • the refractive index difference between the second convex portion 35 and the second region 32b is smaller than the refractive index difference between the first convex portion 33 and the first region 32a.
  • a part of the light totally reflected by the second side surface 33b of the first convex portion 33 is refracted or totally reflected by the first side surface 35a or the second side surface 35b of the second convex portion 35 as shown in FIG. 7B. Is done.
  • the incident angle ⁇ in and the outgoing angle ⁇ out of the light L are different in the horizontal cross section.
  • the emission angle ⁇ out is smaller than the incident angle ⁇ in.
  • the light L incident from the oblique right direction toward the oblique left direction is emitted toward the front direction of the light distribution control device 1.
  • each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 and each of the plurality of second protrusions 35 and the refractive index occurs at the interface with the variable layer 32, and the traveling direction of light incident on the light distribution layer 30 is bent. That is, the light distribution control device 1 enters a light distribution state in which incident light is transmitted with its traveling direction bent.
  • the degree of aggregation of the nanoparticles 38 can be changed depending on the magnitude of the applied voltage.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 changes depending on the degree of aggregation of the nanoparticles 38. For this reason, it is also possible to change the light distribution direction by changing the difference in refractive index between the first side surface 33 a and the second side surface 33 b (interface) of the first convex portion 33.
  • the light distribution control device 1 mainly uses the difference in refractive index between the first convex portion 33 and the refractive index variable layer 32 of the first concavo-convex structure layer 31a to reduce the incident light.
  • the traveling direction with respect to the vertical direction (vertical direction) is changed.
  • the light distribution control device 1 mainly travels in the direction of incident light with respect to the left-right direction (horizontal direction) due to the difference in refractive index between the second convex portion 35 of the second uneven structure layer 31b and the refractive index variable layer 32. To change.
  • the gap between the tip of the first protrusion 33 and the tip of the second protrusion 35 is 0 ⁇ m, and in the pattern 2, the tip of the first protrusion 33 and the first The gap with the front-end
  • the height of each of the first convex portion 33 and the second convex portion 35 is set to 10 ⁇ m, the width of the tip portion is set to 1 ⁇ m, and the root interval between adjacent convex portions is set.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ down of the first side surface 33a of the first convex portion 33 was 5 °, and the inclination angle ⁇ up of the second side surface 33b was 16 °.
  • the refractive index of the insulating liquid 37 was set to 1.4
  • the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 was set to 2.13 which is the refractive index of zirconia particles, for example.
  • the first region 32a and the second region 32b of the refractive index variable layer 32 each have a refractive index in the range of 1.5 to 1.8. It can be changed with.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer 32 in the dispersed state was 1.6 for pattern 1 and 1.5 for pattern 2.
  • the refractive index of each of the first convex portion 33 and the second convex portion 35 is 1.6 in the pattern 1 and 1.5 in the pattern 2.
  • the light distribution ratio in the left-right direction was calculated while changing the inclination angle ⁇ left of the first side surface 35 a and the inclination angle ⁇ right of the second side surface 35 b of the second convex portion 35. Note that the inclination angle ⁇ left and the inclination angle ⁇ right were always equal.
  • the light distribution ratio here is a ratio of light emitted in the range where the emission angle ⁇ out is ⁇ 5 ° to 5 ° with respect to the incident light. 7B, with respect to the normal direction of the second substrate 20 as a reference (0 °), for example, the output angle ⁇ out is a negative value when the output angle is output to the left side, and the output is output to the right side.
  • the larger the light distribution rate the more light is emitted in the normal direction (that is, the front direction) of the light distribution control device 1. For this reason, the light distribution control device 1 having a high light distribution rate can directly take light incident obliquely in the left-right direction indoors.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the light distribution rate of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment for each combination of the azimuth angle ⁇ in of the sun and the solar altitude (incident angle) ⁇ in.
  • the light distribution rate shown in FIG. 8 is obtained by the simulation described above. Specifically, FIG. 8 shows the light distribution rate in the case where the inclination angles ⁇ left and ⁇ right are 10 ° in the pattern 2.
  • the annual average light distribution rate was calculated in order to show the characteristics according to the annual and daily movements of the sun.
  • the annual average light distribution rate is the average of the light distribution rate that changes depending on the altitude and direction of the sun over the course of one year. Specifically, the annual average light distribution rate is expressed by the following formula (1).
  • Equation (1) P ⁇ in and ⁇ in represent the solar existence probability in the case of the solar altitude (that is, the incident angle) ⁇ in and the azimuth angle ⁇ in.
  • ⁇ ⁇ in and ⁇ in represent the light distribution rate in the case of the solar altitude (that is, the incident angle) ⁇ in and the azimuth angle ⁇ in.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the existence probability of the sun with respect to the combination of the azimuth and altitude where the sun is observed at a point of 35 ° north latitude.
  • FIG. 9 shows the ratio of the sun in one year for each combination of azimuth and solar altitude. For example, throughout the year, the sun indicates that it is in the direction of -40 ° and the solar altitude is 10.5% at a position of 40 °.
  • the numerical values of the azimuth angle and the solar altitude are shown every 20 °. For example, ⁇ 40 ° means a range of ⁇ 30 ° to ⁇ 50 °.
  • that the azimuth angle is a negative value means the east side.
  • the annual average light distribution rate is 7.7% by calculating with the formula (1) using the values shown in FIGS.
  • the annual average light distribution rate was 1.4%. That is, according to the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment, it can be seen that a light distribution rate of 5.5 times is obtained.
  • FIG. 10 shows a result of calculating the annual average light distribution rate of the light distribution control devices of the pattern 1 and the pattern 2 while changing the inclination angle of the second convex portion 35.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between the inclination angle ⁇ of the second convex portion 35 of the second uneven structure layer 31b of the light distribution control device 1 according to the present embodiment and the annual average light distribution rate.
  • the horizontal axis represents the inclination angles of the first side surface 35 a and the second side surface 35 b of the second convex portion 35.
  • the vertical axis represents the annual average light distribution rate of light in the left-right direction of the light distribution control device 1.
  • the pattern 2 has a higher annual average light distribution rate than the pattern 1. Also in pattern 1, when the inclination angles ⁇ left and ⁇ right are 13 °, an annual average light distribution rate close to 5% is obtained. Therefore, the light distribution control device according to the pattern 1 also has a sufficiently high annual average light distribution rate as compared with a device not provided with the second uneven structure layer 31b.
  • the light distribution control device 1 includes the first substrate 10 having translucency, and the second substrate 20 having translucency disposed so as to face the first substrate 10. And the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 having translucency, which are disposed opposite to each other between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, and the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode.
  • the light distribution layer 30 is disposed between the layer 50 and distributes incident light.
  • the light distribution layer 30 is provided on the first substrate 10 side, and includes a first uneven structure layer 31a having a plurality of first protrusions 33, and a second substrate 20 side, and has a plurality of second protrusions 35.
  • a refractive index variable layer 32 whose refractive index changes according to the above.
  • the refractive index variable layer 32 includes an insulating liquid 37 and a plurality of charged nanoparticles 38 dispersed in the insulating liquid 37 and having a refractive index different from that of the insulating liquid 37.
  • the direction in which each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 extends is perpendicular to the direction in which each of the plurality of second protrusions 35 extends.
  • the traveling direction of the light with respect to the left-right direction can be changed. Therefore, a part of light incident obliquely in the left-right direction can be emitted in a direction close to the normal direction of the second substrate 20. For this reason, even if the incident angle ⁇ in changes based on the diurnal motion or annual motion of the sun, it can be efficiently taken indoors.
  • the light distribution control device 1 can efficiently illuminate indoors when used for windows.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33 and the plurality of second protrusions 35 are in contact with each other.
  • the light distribution layer 30 can be thinned. Therefore, the light distribution control device 1 can be reduced in thickness and weight.
  • the shape of the cross section orthogonal to the direction in which each of the plurality of first convex portions 33 extends is a substantially trapezoidal shape or a substantially triangular shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion 33 is a substantially trapezoidal shape
  • the moldability of the first convex portion 33 is enhanced, for example, the mold can be easily removed during molding by nanoimprint.
  • the reliability of the shape of the 1st convex part 33, etc. increase, and a reliable light distribution performance etc. are realizable.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the 1st convex part 33 is a substantially triangle
  • positioned in a surface can be increased. Accordingly, the light distribution rate can be increased, and the direct radiation rate and the downward irradiation rate can be reduced.
  • the two base angles of the substantially trapezoidal shape or the substantially triangular shape that are the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion 33 are 65 ° or more and 90 ° or less, respectively.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33, the plurality of second protrusions 35, and the refractive index variable layer 32 have a refractive index.
  • the light distribution control device 1 can be made transparent. For example, since the light distribution control device 1 can be made transparent when no voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50, the electric power required to maintain the transparent state is substantially eliminated. be able to.
  • the interfaces between each of the plurality of first protrusions 33 and the refractive index variable layer 32, and the plurality of first A difference in refractive index occurs at the interface between each of the two convex portions 35 and the refractive index variable layer 32, and the traveling direction of light incident on the light distribution layer 30 is bent.
  • the traveling direction of the distributed light is changed in the light distribution state. Can do.
  • At least one of the plurality of first protrusions 33 and the plurality of second protrusions 35 may be divided into a plurality in the x-axis direction.
  • the plurality of first protrusions 33 and the plurality of second protrusions 35 may be arranged so as to be scattered in a matrix or the like. That is, you may arrange
  • the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 may be lower than the refractive index of the insulating liquid 37.
  • a transparent state and a light distribution state can be realized by appropriately adjusting the voltage to be applied according to the refractive index of the nanoparticles 38 and the like.
  • the nanoparticles 38 are positively charged, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the nanoparticles 38 may be negatively charged.
  • a direct voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50 by applying a positive potential to the first electrode layer 40 and applying a negative potential to the second electrode layer 50. Good.
  • the nanoparticles 38 may be accumulated in the second recess 36 in the light distribution state (voltage application mode).
  • the refractive index of the first region 32a becomes a value less than about 1.4 to less than about 1.5 depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 38.
  • the refractive index of the second region 32b is greater than about 1.5 to about 1.8 depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles 38.
  • the plurality of nanoparticles 38 may include a plurality of types of nanoparticles having different optical characteristics.
  • a transparent first nanoparticle charged positively and an opaque (black or the like) second nanoparticle charged negatively may be included.
  • the light distribution control device may be provided with a light shielding function by aggregating and unevenly distributing the second nanoparticles.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a liquid crystal material may be used as the refractive index variable material.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer changes using the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal material.
  • the refractive index of the refractive index variable layer changes. Thereby, the transparent state, the light distribution state, and the light distribution direction in the light distribution state can be controlled.
  • sunlight is exemplified as light incident on the light distribution control device.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the light incident on the light distribution control device may be light emitted from a light emitting device such as a lighting device.
  • the light distribution control device is not limited to being installed in a building window, and may be installed in a car window, for example.
  • the light distribution control device can also be used for a light distribution control member such as a light-transmitting cover of a lighting fixture.
  • the light distribution control device can also be used as a blindfold member that utilizes light scattering at the interface of the concavo-convex structure.
  • the embodiment can be realized by arbitrarily combining the components and functions in each embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention, or a form obtained by subjecting each embodiment to various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art. Forms are also included in the present invention.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de commande de distribution de lumière (1) muni d'une première couche d'électrode (40) et d'une seconde couche d'électrode (50) qui sont transparentes et agencées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre, et d'une couche de distribution de lumière (30) qui est agencée entre la première couche d'électrode (40) et la seconde couche d'électrode (50). La couche de distribution de lumière (30) comprend une première couche de structure irrégulière (31a) agencée sur la face d'un premier substrat (10) et présentant plusieurs premières protubérances (33), une seconde couche de structure irrégulière (31b) agencée sur la face d'un second substrat (20) et présentant plusieurs secondes protubérances (35), et une couche à indice de réfraction variable (32) qui est agencée de façon à remplir un vide entre les premières protubérances (33) et entre les secondes protubérances (35). La couche à indice de réfraction variable (32) comprend un liquide isolant (37) et une pluralité de nanoparticules chargées (38) qui présentent un indice de réfraction différent de celui du liquide isolant (37) et qui sont distribuées dans le liquide isolant (37). La direction (x) dans laquelle les premières protubérances (33) s'étendent et la direction (z) dans laquelle les secondes protubérances (35) s'étendent sont perpendiculaires l'une à l'autre.
PCT/JP2019/002044 2018-02-21 2019-01-23 Dispositif de commande de distribution de lumière WO2019163377A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050164103A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-28 The Lubrizol Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Ohio Structured fluid compositions for electrophoretically frustrated total internal reflection displays
JP2006285183A (ja) * 2004-08-25 2006-10-19 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 光学素子、および撮影装置
JP2013015613A (ja) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Sony Corp レンズモジュールおよび表示装置
JP2014035385A (ja) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-24 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd 調光素子、調光装置、および、それらの駆動方法
WO2016163079A1 (fr) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de commande de la lumière
WO2018150673A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif optique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050164103A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-28 The Lubrizol Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Ohio Structured fluid compositions for electrophoretically frustrated total internal reflection displays
JP2006285183A (ja) * 2004-08-25 2006-10-19 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 光学素子、および撮影装置
JP2013015613A (ja) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Sony Corp レンズモジュールおよび表示装置
JP2014035385A (ja) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-24 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd 調光素子、調光装置、および、それらの駆動方法
WO2016163079A1 (fr) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de commande de la lumière
WO2018150673A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif optique

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