WO2019127800A1 - 一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺 - Google Patents

一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺 Download PDF

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WO2019127800A1
WO2019127800A1 PCT/CN2018/074088 CN2018074088W WO2019127800A1 WO 2019127800 A1 WO2019127800 A1 WO 2019127800A1 CN 2018074088 W CN2018074088 W CN 2018074088W WO 2019127800 A1 WO2019127800 A1 WO 2019127800A1
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sand
mixing process
mixed
component
resin
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PCT/CN2018/074088
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邱壑
牛雪
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苏州明志科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019127800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127800A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
    • B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
    • B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
    • B22C1/188—Alkali metal silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
    • B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
    • B22C1/2233—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B22C1/2246—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones
    • B22C1/2253—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones with phenols

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of casting technology, and in particular to a sand mixing process for improving the overall performance of a resin sand.
  • the sand for sand mold of foundry products needs to add a variety of added materials in the casting sand according to the process ratio to meet the performance indexes such as the binder, the accelerator and the auxiliary agent, etc., in the process of adding the added materials, It is necessary to thoroughly mix the foundry sand with the added material.
  • the sand mixing process is first to quantitatively pour the foundry sand into the container, and then the various added materials according to the process requirements are added to the container at the same time or sequentially, and finally the mixture is rotated by the motor to drive the mixture. Stir, after a certain period of time, the stirring is completed.
  • the binder is added simultaneously or sequentially, and the proportion and composition of the binder on the surface of the sand are different. Many binders may be mixed with each other or chemically reacted with each other before contacting the sand. The resin group is formed and the sand particles are not effectively wrapped.
  • the strength of the sand core is mainly established by the sand particles wrapped with different binders to establish a bonding bridge between the sand grains and the sand grains.
  • the bonding bridge parts must be different binders. It is then chemically reacted to form the final core strength to meet the production of solid molds that can be used.
  • the existing sand mixing process cannot meet the strength requirements of the sand core due to problems such as binder clusters and uneven sand mixing.
  • it is usually compensated by means of increasing the amount of binder added and prolonging the sand mixing time. Prolonging the sand mixing time will cause the temperature rise during the sand mixing process to be too high, the core sand performance will decrease, and the sand mixing efficiency will decrease.
  • Increasing the amount of binder added will result in increased binder cost, large core sand gas generation, and casting porosity defects.
  • the purpose of the application is to provide a sand mixing process for improving the comprehensive performance of the resin sand, so that the binder and the foundry sand can be effectively mixed, and the comprehensive performance of the sand mixing is improved.
  • a sand mixing process for improving the overall performance of a resin sand comprising:
  • each of the foundry sands is premixed with one component to form a premixed mixture, wherein each of the components is one or more additive materials that do not chemically react with each other, and each of the components is described.
  • the components are all different;
  • the final mixing time of the plurality of sets of the premixed mixture is 10-30 s.
  • foundry sand is divided into two parts, and the components are two parts, which are a first component and a second component, respectively.
  • the first component is a phenolic resin and the second component is a polyisocyanate.
  • the phenolic resin is added in an amount of 0.25% to 0.80% by weight based on the total amount of the foundry sand, and the polyisocyanate is added in an amount of 0.25% to 0.80% of the total amount of the foundry sand. .
  • the first component is an inorganic water glass binder and the second component is a powder additive.
  • the inorganic water glass binder is added in an amount of 1.0% to 2.5% by weight based on the total amount of the foundry sand, and the powder additive is added in an amount of 0.4% of the total amount of the foundry sand. %-1.5%.
  • the sand mixing process for improving the comprehensive performance of the resin sand of the present application divides the foundry sand into at least two parts, and each part of the foundry sand is uniformly mixed with one part to form a premixed mixture, and each component is one.
  • One or more additional materials that do not chemically react with each other, and the plurality of premixed mixtures are finally mixed to form a uniformly mixed final mixed mixture.
  • each component Since one or more additive materials in each component do not react with each other, it is difficult to form a binder group, and each component is separately mixed with one casting sand, and the obtained premixed mixture is uniformly
  • the final blend obtained by wrapping one or more additional materials, a plurality of premixed mixtures and finally mixing can uniformly wrap a plurality of added materials.
  • the sand mixing can be completed quickly, the sand mixing time is shortened, and the adverse effects caused by the long sand mixing time are avoided, and the final mixed mixture obtained by the process is more uniform and improved.
  • the comprehensive performance of the sand mixing is more uniform and improved.
  • the premixed mixture can be left for a long time, and when the sand is needed, the final mixing is performed, and finally the mixing is performed.
  • the addition of materials only reacts.
  • the core sand is required to be high. This process can be used as needed, ensuring that the core sand is fresh enough for core making.
  • the present application provides a sand mixing process for improving the comprehensive performance of a resin sand.
  • the foundry sand is divided into at least two portions, and each casting sand is uniformly mixed with one component to form a premixed mixture, each component.
  • Each of the one or more additive materials that do not chemically react with each other, each of the components is different, and the plurality of premixed mixtures are uniformly mixed to form a final mixed mixture to facilitate sufficient chemistry between the premixed mixtures.
  • the reaction or mutual promotion of the reaction forms a bond.
  • each component Since one or more additive materials in each component do not react with each other, it is difficult to form a binder group, and each component is separately mixed with one casting sand, and the obtained premixed mixture is uniformly
  • the final mixture obtained by wrapping the added materials, various premixed mixtures and finally mixing can uniformly wrap a variety of added materials.
  • premixing and final mixing it is difficult to form a binder group during the sand mixing process, resulting in waste of the binder and saving the cost of sand mixing.
  • the sand mixing can be quickly completed and shortened.
  • the sand mixing time avoids the adverse effects caused by the long sand mixing time, and the final mixed mixture obtained by the process is more uniform, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the sand mixing.
  • the plurality of premixed mixtures are mixed for a period of 10-30 s, preferably 20 s. Since the components added in each casting sand during premixing are additive materials that do not chemically react with each other, the premixed mixture can be placed for 6h-10h, and the final mixing is carried out when sand is needed, and the final mixing is more The addition of materials only reacts. For sand cores with small amount of sand and complex shapes, it can be used as needed, ensuring that the core sand is fresh enough for core making.
  • the quantities of the components can be freely selected according to actual needs.
  • the components are two parts, which are the first component and the second component, respectively.
  • the foundry sand is divided into two parts, one part is added to the first component for premixing to form the first premixed mixture, and the other part is added to the second component for premixing to form the second premixed mixture.
  • the mixing of the two casting sands with the two components can be carried out simultaneously. After the premixing is completed, the first premixed mixture and the second premixed mixture are mixed to form a final mixed mixture.
  • the first component is a phenolic resin and the second component is a polyisocyanate.
  • the phenolic resin is added in an amount of from 0.25% to 0.80% by weight based on the total amount of the foundry sand, preferably in an amount of 0.50% based on the total amount of the foundry sand.
  • the polyisocyanate is added in an amount of from 0.25% to 0.80% by weight based on the total amount of the foundry sand, preferably in an amount of 0.50% based on the total amount of the foundry sand.
  • the sand mixing process for improving the comprehensive performance of the resin sand is: dividing the foundry sand into at least two parts, each casting sand is uniformly mixed with one component to form a premixed mixture, and each component is a kind. Or a plurality of additive materials that do not undergo a chemical reaction with each other, each of the components is different, and the plurality of premixed mixtures are uniformly mixed to form a final mixed mixture.
  • the plurality of premixed mixtures are mixed for a period of 10-30 s, preferably 20 s.
  • the components are two parts, respectively being the first component and the second component
  • the foundry sand is divided into two parts, and one part is added to the first component for premixing to form the first premixed mixture.
  • the other portion is added to the second component for premixing to form a second premixed mixture.
  • the mixing of the two casting sands with the two components can be carried out simultaneously.
  • the first premixed mixture and the second premixed mixture are mixed to form a final mixed mixture.
  • the first component is an inorganic water glass binder
  • the second component is a powder additive.
  • the inorganic water glass binder is added in an amount of from 1.0% to 2.5% by weight based on the total amount of the foundry sand, preferably in an amount of 1.8% based on the total amount of the foundry sand.
  • the powder additive is added in an amount of from 0.4% to 1.5% based on the total amount of the foundry sand, preferably in an amount of 1.0% based on the total amount of the foundry sand.
  • the plurality of casting sands and the plurality of components are pre-mixed for a period of time, because the components are one or more chemical reactions that do not react with each other.
  • the material is added so that the premixing of the various components with the foundry sand can be carried out simultaneously.
  • the plurality of premixed mixtures are placed together for a period of time to allow the sand to be mixed with the binder, promoter or catalyst of different components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种树脂砂混砂工艺包括将铸造用砂分为至少两份，每份铸造用砂对应一份组分预混形成预混混合物，每份组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，每份组分均不同，多组预混混合物终混从而形成终混混合物。该混砂工艺中的预混混合物可放置较长时间，随混随用，且在终混时该预混混合物之间发生充分的化学反应或相互促进反应形成粘结成型，使得终混混合物更加均匀，从而提高混砂的综合性能。

Description

一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺 技术领域
本申请涉及铸造技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺。
背景技术
铸造产品的砂模用砂需要在铸造用砂中按工艺配比加入多种添加材料以满足其强度等性能指标，如粘结剂、促进剂和辅助剂等，在加入添加材料的过程中，需要将铸造用砂与添加材料充分混合。
通常采用的混砂工艺为先将铸造用砂定量再倒入容器中，而后将按工艺要求配比好的多种添加材料同时或先后加入容器中，最后通过电机驱动搅拌轴旋转，对混合物进行搅拌，经过一定时间后搅拌完成。现有的混砂工艺都是同时或先后加入粘结剂，砂粒表面包裹粘结剂的比例、组成均不同，许多粘结剂可能在接触砂粒前就两两混合或互相之间发生化学反应，形成树脂团，未能有效包裹砂粒，砂芯强度的建立主要是包裹不同粘结剂的砂粒在紧实后砂粒与砂粒之间建立粘结桥，粘结桥部位必须是不同的粘结剂，而后经过化学反应从而形成最终的砂芯强度，从而满足生产可使用的固态铸造型模。
现有的混砂工艺由于有粘结剂团、混砂不均匀等问题，无法满足砂芯的强度要求。为提高砂芯的强度要求，通常采用提高粘结剂加入量、延长混砂时间等手段弥补。延长混砂时间会造成混砂过程中温升过高，芯砂性能下降，混砂效率下降；提高粘结剂加入量会产生粘结剂使用成本加大、芯砂发气量大、铸件气孔缺陷及渗漏率高、芯砂流动性差、砂芯射不实缺陷率高、射砂压力增大、型腔压力大、模具使用寿命降低等一系列衍生问题，在铸造行业如何用更低的 粘结剂加入量获取足够的砂芯强度是亟待解决的问题。另外，现有的混砂工艺由于将砂一次混合完成，混合好的砂需要及时使用，否则会很快硬化。
因此，亟需一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，以使粘结剂与铸造用砂有效混合，提高了混砂的综合性能。
为达此目的，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其包括：
将铸造用砂分为至少两份；
每份所述铸造用砂对应与一份组分预混形成预混混合物，其中每份所述组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，并且每份所述组分均不同；以及
多组所述预混混合物终混形成终混混合物。
进一步地，多组所述预混混合物的终混时间为10-30s。
进一步地，所述铸造用砂分为两份，所述组分为两份，分别为第一组分和第二组分。
进一步地，所述第一组分为酚醛树脂，所述第二组分为聚异氰酸酯。
进一步地，按重量计算，所述酚醛树脂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％，所述聚异氰酸酯的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％。
进一步地，所述第一组分为无机水玻璃粘结剂，所述第二组分为粉末添加剂。
进一步地，按重量计算，所述无机水玻璃粘结剂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的1.0％-2.5％，所述粉末添加剂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的 0.4％-1.5％。
本申请的有益效果：
本申请的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，将铸造用砂分为至少两份，每份铸造用砂对应与一份组分混合均匀形成预混混合物，每份组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，多组预混混合物终混形成混合均匀的终混混合物。由于每一份组分中的一种或多种添加材料彼此之间不发生反应，不易形成粘结剂团，每份组分分别与一份铸造用砂混合后，得到的预混混合物均匀地包裹一种或多种添加材料，多种预混混合物再最终混合得到的终混混合物能够均匀地包裹多种添加材料。通过预混和终混，有利于各预混混合物之间发生充分化学反应或相互促进反应形成粘结成型，混砂的过程中不易形成粘结剂团，造成粘结剂的浪费，节约混砂成本；同时，由于降低了粘结剂团的形成，可快速地完成混砂，缩短了混砂时间，避免了混砂时间长而导致的不利影响，通过该工艺得到的终混混合物更均匀，提高了混砂的综合性能。
由于预混时每份铸造用砂中加入的组分为彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，因此预混混合物可以放置较长时间，当需要用砂时再进行终混，最终混合时多种添加材料才发生反应，对于用砂量小或形状复杂的砂芯，其对芯砂要求较高，这种工艺可以做到随用随混，保证了芯砂足够新鲜，对于制芯有利。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。
实施例一
本申请提供了一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，将铸造用砂分为至少两份，每份铸造用砂对应与一份组分混合均匀形成预混混合物，每份组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，每份所述组分均不同， 多组预混混合物混合均匀形成终混混合物，以利于各预混混合物之间发生充分化学反应或相互促进反应形成粘结成型。由于每一份组分中的一种或多种添加材料之间彼此不发生反应，不易形成粘结剂团，每份组分分别与一份铸造用砂混合后，得到的预混混合物均匀地包裹添加材料，多种预混混合物再最终混合得到的终混混合物能够均匀地包裹多种添加材料。通过预混和终混，混砂的过程中不易形成粘结剂团，造成粘结剂的浪费，节约混砂成本；同时，由于降低了粘结剂团的形成，可快速地完成混砂，缩短了混砂时间，避免了混砂时间长导致的不利影响，通过该工艺得到的终混混合物更均匀，提高了混砂的综合性能。
由于混砂过程需要严格控制混砂时间，时间过短会使混砂不均匀，时间过长则使芯砂温升过高，芯砂性能下降。多组预混混合物混合的时间为10-30s，优选时间为20s。由于预混时每份铸造用砂中加入的组分为彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，因此预混混合物可以放置6h-10h，当需要用砂时再进行终混，最终混合时多种添加材料才发生反应，对于用砂量小、形状复杂的砂芯，可以做到随用随混，保证了芯砂足够新鲜，对于制芯有利。
该用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺中，组分的数量可以根据实际需要自由选择，在本实施例中，组分为两份，分别为第一组分和第二组分，将铸造用砂分为两份，一份加入第一组分进行预混形成第一预混混合物，另一份加入第二组分进行预混形成第二预混混合物。两份铸造用砂与两份组分的混合可同时进行，预混完成后，第一预混混合物和第二预混混合物进行混合形成终混混合物。
具体地，在本实施例中，第一组分为酚醛树脂，第二组分为聚异氰酸酯。按重量计算，酚醛树脂的加入量为铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％，优选加入量 为铸造用砂总量的0.50％。按重量计算，聚异氰酸酯的加入量为铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％，优选加入量为铸造用砂总量的0.50％。
实施例二
该用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺为：将铸造用砂分为至少两份，每份铸造用砂对应与一份组分混合均匀形成预混混合物，每份组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，每份所述组分均不同，多组预混混合物混合均匀形成终混混合物。多组预混混合物混合的时间为10-30s，优选时间为20s。
在本实施例中，组分为两份，分别为第一组分和第二组分，将铸造用砂分为两份，一份加入第一组分进行预混形成第一预混混合物，另一份加入第二组分进行预混形成第二预混混合物。两份铸造用砂与两份组分的混合可同时进行，预混完成后，第一预混混合物和第二预混混合物进行混合形成终混混合物。
与实施例一不同的是，在本实施例中，第一组分为无机水玻璃粘结剂，第二组分为粉末添加剂。按重量计算，无机水玻璃粘结剂的加入量为铸造用砂总量的1.0％-2.5％，优选加入量为铸造用砂总量的1.8％。粉末添加剂的加入量为铸造用砂总量的0.4％-1.5％，优选加入量为铸造用砂总量的1.0％。
综合上述两个实施例，以往的混砂工艺，由于采用将铸造用砂与多种添加材料同时混合的方法，常常会产生存在粘结剂团、混砂不均匀等问题，为满足砂芯强度要求，通常采用提高粘结剂加入量或延长混砂时间等手段弥补。延长混砂时间会造成温升过高，芯砂性能下降，混砂效率下降；提高粘结剂加入量会产生粘结剂使用成本加大、芯砂发气量大、铸件气孔缺陷及渗漏率高、芯砂流动性差、砂芯射不实缺陷率高、射砂压力增大、型腔压力大、模具使用寿命降低等一系列衍生问题。
而本申请提供的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，将多份铸造用砂和多份组分预混一段时间，由于组分为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，因此多种组分与铸造用砂的预混可同时进行，最后将多组预混混合物放置在一起终混一段时间，使包裹不同组份粘结剂、促进剂或催化剂的砂搅拌均匀，由于没有能互相发生化学反应的添加材料的同时混合过程，所以没有粘结剂团等无效粘结剂使用，也没有粘结剂团粘结在混砂机中的情况，现有技术的混砂工艺不仅混砂机粘结剂清理困难，也造成粘结剂用量加大、成本加大等问题。本申请提供的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺中，多种添加材料的全部混合只存在于终混阶段，终混阶段也不是现有技术的混砂工艺所采用的粘结剂包裹砂粒的方式，而是使已经包裹不同粘结剂的砂分布均匀，混合后的砂的性能更好，有利于后续的砂芯紧实阶段的砂粒相互粘连。
显然，本申请的上述实施例仅仅是为了清楚说明本申请所作的举例，而并非是对本申请的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其包括：
    将铸造用砂分为至少两份；
    每份所述铸造用砂对应与一份组分预混形成预混混合物，其中，每份所述组分均为一种或多种彼此之间不发生化学反应的添加材料，并且每份所述组分均不同；以及
    多组所述预混混合物终混形成终混混合物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，多组所述预混混合物的终混时间为10-30s。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，所述铸造用砂分为两份，所述组分为两份，分别为第一组分和第二组分。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，所述第一组分为酚醛树脂，所述第二组分为聚异氰酸酯。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，按重量计算，所述酚醛树脂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％，所述聚异氰酸酯的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的0.25％-0.80％。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，所述第一组分为无机水玻璃粘结剂，所述第二组分为粉末添加剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺，其中，按重量计算，所述无机水玻璃粘结剂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的1.0％-2.5％，所述粉末添加剂的加入量为所述铸造用砂总量的0.4％-1.5％。
PCT/CN2018/074088 2017-12-27 2018-01-25 一种用于提高树脂砂综合性能的混砂工艺 WO2019127800A1 (zh)

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