WO2019000970A1 - 显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备 - Google Patents

显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000970A1
WO2019000970A1 PCT/CN2018/076388 CN2018076388W WO2019000970A1 WO 2019000970 A1 WO2019000970 A1 WO 2019000970A1 CN 2018076388 W CN2018076388 W CN 2018076388W WO 2019000970 A1 WO2019000970 A1 WO 2019000970A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
data
data voltage
induced voltage
sensing line
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PCT/CN2018/076388
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟松
杨飞
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to JP2019569411A priority Critical patent/JP7068353B2/ja
Priority to US16/620,989 priority patent/US10971083B2/en
Priority to EP18824714.2A priority patent/EP3648090B1/en
Publication of WO2019000970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000970A1/zh

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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
    • G09G2310/027—Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers handling digital grey scale data, e.g. use of D/A converters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0238—Improving the black level
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/029—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
    • G09G2320/0295—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel by monitoring each display pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
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    • G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
    • G09G2320/045—Compensation of drifts in the characteristics of light emitting or modulating elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a compensation method, a compensation device, and a display device of a display panel.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • AMOLED Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diodes
  • TFT LCD Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a compensation method for a display panel, the display panel including: a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including a pixel circuit and a light emitting element; and the compensation method includes: detecting the pixel circuit a threshold voltage of the driving transistor; detecting a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum; calculating based on the threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage, and the expected display brightness to obtain the display under normal display The compensation after the panel is compensated shows the data voltage.
  • the pixel circuit includes a sensing line connected to a first pole of the driving transistor, and detecting a threshold voltage of a driving transistor in the pixel circuit, including: Applying a first data voltage to a data signal input end of the pixel circuit to charge the sensing line, and detecting a first induced voltage on the sensing line when the driving transistor in the pixel circuit is turned off; The first data voltage and the first induced voltage are calculated to obtain a threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
  • the threshold voltage is obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • Vth Vdata1-Vse1
  • Vth is a threshold voltage of the driving transistor
  • Vdata1 is the first data voltage
  • Vse1 is the first induced voltage
  • the pixel circuit includes a sensing line connected to a first pole of the driving transistor, and detects a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum, including Applying a second data voltage to the data signal input end of the pixel circuit to charge the sensing line; and acquiring a second induced voltage on the sensing line after charging the sensing line for a preset time; Determining that the second induced voltage is equal to the target induced voltage, detecting the second data voltage applied to the data signal input end, and the second data voltage is a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum.
  • acquiring the second induced voltage on the sensing line includes: charging the sensing line for a preset time. After detecting the second induced voltage on the sensing line; comparing the second induced voltage with the target induced voltage, determining that the second induced voltage is greater than the target induced voltage, reducing the applied to the The second data voltage at the input end of the data signal; determining that the second induced voltage is less than the target induced voltage, increasing the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal; determining the second sensing When the voltage is equal to the target induced voltage, the second induced voltage on the sensing line is acquired.
  • the compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: performing a partial lighting test on the display panel to determine the target induced voltage.
  • the compensation display data voltage is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
  • Vgs is the compensation display data voltage
  • Vgs1 is the maximum data voltage
  • L is the expected display brightness
  • Vth is the threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a compensation device for a display panel, the display panel comprising: a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including a pixel circuit and a light emitting element; the compensation device comprising: a threshold voltage detector, a maximum Data voltage detector and processor.
  • the threshold voltage detector is configured to detect a threshold voltage of a driving transistor in the pixel circuit;
  • the maximum data voltage detector is configured to detect a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum;
  • the processor is configured to be based on The threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage, and the expected display brightness are calculated to obtain a compensated display data voltage after the display panel is compensated under normal display.
  • the pixel circuit includes a sensing line connected to a first pole of the driving transistor, and the threshold voltage detector is configured to: input a data signal to the pixel circuit Applying a first data voltage to charge the sensing line, detecting a first induced voltage on the sensing line when the driving transistor in the pixel circuit is turned off; according to the first data voltage and the The first induced voltage calculation obtains a threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
  • the threshold voltage is obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • Vth Vdata1-Vse1
  • Vth is a threshold voltage of the driving transistor
  • Vdata1 is the first data voltage
  • Vse1 is the first induced voltage
  • the pixel circuit includes a sensing line connected to a first pole of the driving transistor, and the maximum data voltage detector is configured to: for each of the pixel circuits Applying a second data voltage to the data signal input terminal to charge the sensing line; acquiring a second induced voltage on the sensing line after charging the sensing line for a preset time; determining the second induced voltage Equal to the target induced voltage, detecting the second data voltage applied to the data signal input terminal, and the second data voltage is a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting luminance is maximum.
  • the operation of acquiring the second induced voltage on the sensing line includes: charging the sensing line with a preset After the time, detecting the second induced voltage on the sensing line; comparing the second induced voltage with the target induced voltage, decreasing the application when determining that the second induced voltage is greater than the target induced voltage And the second data voltage to the input end of the data signal; increasing the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal when determining that the second induced voltage is less than the target induced voltage; When the second induced voltage is equal to the target induced voltage, the second induced voltage on the sensing line is acquired.
  • the compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: a lighting tester; the lighting tester is configured to perform a partial lighting test on the display panel to determine the target induced voltage.
  • the compensation display data voltage is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
  • Vgs is the compensation display data voltage
  • Vgs1 is the maximum data voltage
  • L is the expected display brightness
  • Vth is the threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
  • the pixel circuit further includes a data write transistor, a sense transistor, and a storage capacitor, the drive transistor being configured to drive the light emitting element to emit light; the data writing a transistor configured to write a data voltage to a gate of the drive transistor when turned on; the storage capacitor configured to store the data voltage and maintain it at a gate of the drive transistor; the sensing A transistor is configured to charge the sense line.
  • a first pole of the sensing transistor is electrically connected to a first pole of the driving transistor, and a second pole of the sensing transistor is electrically connected to the sensing line.
  • the gate of the sensing transistor is configured to receive a second control signal; the first pole of the driving transistor is also electrically connected to an anode of the light emitting element, and the second pole of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the first power terminal a gate of the driving transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the data writing transistor; a gate of the data writing transistor is configured to receive a first control signal, and the data is written to a second electrode of the transistor
  • the data capacitor is configured to receive the data voltage; one end of the storage capacitor is electrically coupled to a first pole of the drive transistor, and the other end of the storage capacitor is electrically coupled to a gate of the drive transistor.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a compensation apparatus for a display panel, including: a memory for storing non-transitory computer readable instructions; a processor for executing the non-transitory computer readable instructions, the non The compensation method of any of the above may be performed when the transitory computer readable instructions are executed by the processor.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device including the compensation device provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for compensating a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a threshold voltage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is an operation timing diagram of a pixel circuit when detecting a threshold voltage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a maximum data voltage corresponding to a light-emitting element when a light-emitting brightness is maximum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b are respectively operational timing diagrams of a pixel circuit for detecting a maximum data voltage corresponding to a light-emitting element when a light-emitting luminance is maximum, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a compensation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another compensation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a pixel circuit of an AMOLED display panel mainly includes: a driving transistor, a selection transistor, a sensing (Sense) transistor, and a capacitor.
  • the pixel circuit applies a specific data voltage to the pixel circuit through the data line, measures the induced current flowing through the sensing transistor, or accumulates the charge on the sensing line and detects the induced voltage, and then adjusts the data voltage by calculation to achieve compensation. effect.
  • the specific compensation method is: first preset the first target voltage of the induction line charging voltage, apply a data voltage to the data line, charge the sensing line for a specific time, detect the induced voltage on the sensing line, compare the induced voltage value with a preset The magnitude of the first target voltage; if the induced voltage on the sensing line is greater than the first target voltage, reducing the data voltage applied to the data line, and then sensing again; if the induced voltage on the sensing line is less than the first target voltage , the data voltage applied to the data line is increased, and then the sensing is performed again.
  • the amount of addition and subtraction of each data voltage is determined.
  • the induced voltages on all the sensing lines of the AMOLED display panel are considered.
  • the first target voltage is consistent, so that the AMOLED display panel achieves full-screen uniform compensation at a brightness corresponding to the first target voltage (assuming a corresponding first data voltage).
  • a second data voltage corresponding to the second target voltage can be obtained.
  • Vth and K values in the driving current formula are calculated by the measured first data voltage and the second data voltage, and any of the first data voltage and the second data voltage.
  • the presence of a measurement error in one value will result in inaccurate calculation results, resulting in poor compensation.
  • Vth inaccuracy will make the compensation of low gray level uniformity poor, which is easy to cause very serious low gray level loss. Therefore, improving the compensation effect of the display panel under the low gray level, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of the display screen, is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compensation method, a compensation device, and a display device for a display panel, which effectively improve the compensation effect of the display panel under low gray levels, reduce or reduce the phenomenon of low gray scale loss, and improve the compensation effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for compensating a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and as shown in FIG. 1, each of the pixel units includes a pixel circuit and a light emitting element EL.
  • the compensation method may include:
  • the compensation method by directly detecting the threshold voltage and the maximum data voltage corresponding to the maximum brightness, and further determining the compensation display data voltage of the display panel by the threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage corresponding to the maximum brightness, and the expected display brightness, Realize the full-screen full grayscale compensation display of the display panel, effectively improve the problem of poor uniformity of compensation caused by the error of the threshold voltage, and improve the low grayscale loss caused by inaccurate threshold voltage and improve the compensation effect. .
  • step of detecting the threshold voltage and the step of detecting the maximum data voltage may be performed in any order, and may be adjusted as needed in the specific implementation, which is not limited herein.
  • the light emitting element EL may be an organic light emitting diode (OLED).
  • the organic light emitting element may be a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) or the like. The disclosure does not limit this.
  • the pixel circuit may include a data write transistor T1, a sense transistor T2, a drive transistor T3, and a storage capacitor C.
  • the driving transistor T3 is configured to drive the light emitting element EL to emit light.
  • the sensing transistor T2 is configured to charge the sensing line Se;
  • the driving transistor T3 is configured to drive the light emitting element EL to emit light;
  • the data writing transistor T1 is configured to write the data voltage to the gate of the corresponding driving transistor T3 when turned on
  • the storage capacitor C is configured to store the data voltage and hold it at the gate of the driving transistor T3.
  • the pixel circuit may further include a sensing line Se.
  • the sensing line Se is connected to the first pole of the driving transistor T3 through the sensing transistor T2.
  • the first electrode of the sensing transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the driving transistor T3
  • the second electrode of the sensing transistor T2 is electrically connected to a sensing line Se
  • the gate of the sensing transistor T2 is configured to receive The second control signal S2.
  • the first pole of the driving transistor T3 is also electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting element EL
  • the second pole of the driving transistor T3 is electrically connected to the first power terminal VDD
  • the gate of the driving transistor T3 is electrically connected to the first pole of the data writing transistor T1.
  • the gate of the data write transistor T1 is configured to receive the first control signal S1, and the second pole of the data write transistor T1 is electrically coupled to the data line Da to receive the data voltage.
  • One end of the storage capacitor C is electrically connected to the first electrode of the driving transistor T3, and the other end of the storage capacitor C is electrically connected to the gate of the driving transistor T3.
  • the cathode of the light emitting element EL is electrically connected to the second power supply terminal, and the second power supply terminal is grounded, for example.
  • the data writing transistor T1, the sensing transistor T2, and the driving transistor T3 may each be a thin film transistor or a field effect transistor or other switching device having the same characteristics.
  • the thin film transistor may include a polysilicon (low temperature polysilicon or high temperature polysilicon) thin film transistor, an amorphous silicon thin film transistor, an oxide thin film transistor, an organic thin film transistor, or the like.
  • the transistor can be divided into an N-type transistor and a P-type transistor.
  • the data writing transistor T1, the sensing transistor T2, and the driving transistor T3 are all N-type transistors (
  • the N-type MOS transistor is taken as an example to elaborate the technical solution of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may also specifically set according to actual needs.
  • one of the first poles and the other pole are directly described, so the first of all or part of the transistors in the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the pole and the second pole are interchangeable as needed.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking a 3T1C structure as a pixel circuit as an example, but the pixel circuit of the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the 3T1C structure.
  • the pixel circuit may further include a transfer transistor, a detection transistor, a reset transistor, and the like as needed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a threshold voltage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S101 shown in FIG. 2 may include:
  • the data signal input of the pixel circuit can be the second pole of the data write transistor T1.
  • step S101 detection may be performed in units of one line of pixels in the order of progressive scanning, and the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T3 is obtained.
  • FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the operation of the pixel circuit when the threshold voltage Vth of the driving transistor T3 is detected according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first control signal S1 controls the data writing transistor T1 to be turned on
  • the second control signal S2 controls the sensing transistor T2 to be turned on
  • Vdata1 is transferred to the gate of the driving transistor T3 through the data writing transistor T1, thereby controlling the driving transistor T3 to be turned on.
  • the first data voltage Vdata1 sequentially charges the sensing line Se through the data writing transistor T1, the driving transistor T3, and the sensing transistor T2, and charges over a period of time until the driving transistor T3 is turned off. That is, the data signal input end of the pixel circuit is loaded with data to charge the sensing line Se until the driving transistor T3 in the pixel circuit is turned off; when the driving transistor T3 is turned off, the first induced voltage on the sensing line Se is detected. Vse1.
  • the first data voltage Vdata1 is fixed.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a maximum data voltage corresponding to a light-emitting element when a light-emitting luminance is maximum, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S102 the full screen of the display panel can be charged and detected.
  • the second induced voltage on the sensing line of each pixel unit is equal to the target induced voltage
  • the second data is applied to the data signal input end of each pixel circuit.
  • the voltage is the maximum data voltage corresponding to each of the light-emitting elements when the luminance of the light is maximum.
  • step S102 shown in FIG. 2 may include:
  • step S303 the process of charging and detecting in step S302 and step S301 may be performed at least once for all the pixel units on the display panel.
  • the step S302 may include: detecting the second induced voltage on the sensing line after charging the sensing line for a preset time; comparing the second induced voltage with the target induced voltage to determine that the second induced voltage is greater than the target When the voltage is induced, the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal is reduced; when the second induced voltage is determined to be less than the target induced voltage, the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal is increased; and the second induced voltage is determined to be equal to the target induced voltage At the time, the second induced voltage on the sensing line is obtained.
  • the preset time may be 400-500 microseconds. However, it is not limited to this, and the preset time can be specifically set according to actual needs.
  • 6a and 6b are timing diagrams of operation of a pixel circuit for detecting a maximum data voltage Vgs1 corresponding to a light-emitting element at a maximum luminance.
  • the data writing transistor T1 in the t1 phase, can be controlled to be turned on by the first control signal S1, and the sensing transistor T2 can be controlled to be turned on to the data line by the second control signal S2.
  • Da applies a second data voltage Vdata2 (the second data voltage Vdata2 shown in FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs, that is, step S301 is performed multiple times), and the second data voltage Vdata2 is written by the data writing transistor T1. It is transmitted to the gate of the driving transistor T3, thereby controlling the driving transistor T3 to be turned on. At this time, the gate voltage of the driving transistor T3 is the second data voltage Vdata2.
  • the data writing transistor T1 is controlled to be turned off by the first control signal S1
  • the sensing transistor T2 is controlled to be turned on by the second control signal S2, since current still flows through the driving transistor T3 and the sensing transistor T2 during the t2 phase.
  • the sensing line Se is charged, so that the voltage of the first electrode of the driving transistor T3 continues to rise, and thus the voltage of the gate of the driving transistor T3 is also raised.
  • the voltage of the first pole of the driving transistor T3 is detected.
  • the voltage of the first pole of the driving transistor T3 is the second induced voltage Vse2 on the sensing line Se, and the gate of the driving transistor T3 is driven.
  • the voltage is the sum of the second data voltage Vdata2 and the second induced voltage Vse2.
  • the working principle is basically the same as the example shown in FIG. 6a, except that in the t2 phase, the data writing transistor T1 is controlled to be turned on by the first control signal S1, that is, At the t2 stage, the data write transistor T1 is in an on state. Since the data writing transistor T1 is turned on, after charging the sensing line Se for a predetermined time, the voltage of the first electrode of the driving transistor T3 is the second induced voltage Vse2 on the sensing line Se, and the voltage of the gate of the driving transistor T3 is The second data voltage Vdata2.
  • the second induced voltage Vse2 increases linearly within a preset time; and in the example shown in FIG. 6b, the second induced voltage Vse2 grows nonlinearly within a preset time. .
  • the target induced voltage can be measured in advance.
  • the target induced voltage can be measured by performing a partial lighting test on the display panel, that is, by detecting the brightness of a local area on the display panel by sampling.
  • the compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include: selecting a local area of the display panel, applying a maximum local data voltage to the local area to charge the sensing line; and detecting the sensing after charging the sensing line for a preset time The voltage on the line, which is the target induced voltage.
  • the maximum local data voltage may represent a corresponding data voltage when the luminance of the light-emitting elements of the local area is maximum.
  • the maximum local data voltage can be measured in advance, that is, a data voltage is applied to the local area, and the data voltage is continuously adjusted so that the brightness of the local area reaches the maximum light-emitting brightness, and the applied data voltage is the maximum local data voltage.
  • the maximum illumination brightness can be preset according to the actual application needs.
  • the partial area may be the central area of the display panel.
  • the size of the local area may be determined according to actual application requirements, and the disclosure does not limit this.
  • the sensing line Se when the sensing line Se is charged for a specific time so that the second induced voltage Vse2 on the sensing line Se reaches the target induced voltage, the light emitting element EL is considered to have reached the highest brightness.
  • the second induced voltage Vse2 is higher than the target induced voltage, the second data voltage Vdata2 applied to the data line Da is lowered, and if the second induced voltage Vse2 is lower than the target induced voltage, the second applied to the data line Da is increased.
  • the second data voltage Vdata2 is cycled a plurality of times until the second induced voltage Vse2 on the full-screen sensing line Se is equal to the target induced voltage.
  • the second data voltage Vdata2 applied to the data signal input end of each pixel circuit is the respective light emission.
  • the maximum data voltage Vgs1 corresponding to the component when the luminance is maximum, the full screen can compensate for uniformity at the highest brightness.
  • step S103 the compensation display data voltage of the display panel is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
  • Vgs is the compensation display data voltage
  • Vgs1 is the maximum data voltage
  • L is the expected display brightness
  • Vth is the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T3.
  • the expected display brightness can be determined based on the current data voltage.
  • the preset display brightness of the display panel can be calculated by a formula according to the correspondence between the data voltage and the gray scale.
  • the display brightness L is a normalized brightness, that is, the maximum display brightness corresponding to the maximum data voltage is 1.
  • the correspondence between the applied data voltage and the expected display luminance L can be obtained by gamma conversion.
  • the maximum data voltage corresponding to the maximum light-emitting brightness is Vgs1.
  • the maximum light-emitting current Imax corresponding to the maximum data voltage of Vgs1 can be expressed as:
  • K is a constant related to the process parameters and geometric dimensions of the driving transistor T3.
  • L is an expected display brightness of the light-emitting element
  • the compensated display data voltage after the display panel is compensated is:
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a compensation device for a display panel.
  • the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, each of which includes a pixel circuit and a light emitting element.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a compensation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, the compensation apparatus may include: a threshold voltage detector 11, a maximum data voltage detector 12, and a processor 13.
  • the threshold voltage detector 11 is configured to detect a threshold voltage of a driving transistor in each pixel circuit; the maximum data voltage detector 12 is configured to detect a maximum data voltage corresponding to each of the light emitting elements when the light emitting luminance is maximum; the processor 13 is configured to The threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage, and the expected display brightness are calculated to obtain a compensated display data voltage after the display panel is compensated under normal display.
  • the above compensation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can directly detect the threshold voltage Vth and the maximum data voltage Vgs1 of the driving transistor in the pixel circuit through the threshold voltage detector and the maximum data voltage detector, and then pass the processor based on the threshold voltage and the maximum data voltage. And calculating the expected display brightness to obtain the compensated compensation display data voltage, thereby realizing the full-screen full gray-scale compensation display of the display panel, effectively improving the problem of poor uniformity of compensation due to the error of the threshold voltage due to calculation and calculation, At the same time, the problem of low gray level loss caused by inaccurate threshold voltage can be improved, and the compensation effect is improved.
  • the threshold voltage detector 11 is configured to: apply a first data voltage to the data signal input end of the pixel circuit to charge the sensing line, and detect the first line on the sensing line when the driving transistor in the pixel circuit is turned off. Inducing a voltage; calculating a threshold voltage of the driving transistor according to the first data voltage and the first induced voltage.
  • the maximum data voltage detector 12 is configured to: apply a second data voltage to the data signal input end of each pixel circuit to charge the sensing line; and after charging the sensing line for a preset time, acquire the first in the sensing line.
  • the second induced voltage is determined to be equal to the target induced voltage, and the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal is detected, and the second data voltage is a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light-emitting element when the light-emitting brightness is maximum.
  • the full screen can be charged and detected by the maximum data voltage detector 12, that is, the process of at least one charging and detecting can be performed on all the pixel units on the display panel.
  • acquiring the second induced voltage on the sensing line may include: detecting the second induced voltage on the sensing line after charging the sensing line for a preset time; comparing The second induced voltage and the target induced voltage reduce the second data voltage applied to the input end of the data signal when determining that the second induced voltage is greater than the target induced voltage; and increases the applied data to the data when determining that the second induced voltage is less than the target induced voltage a second data voltage at the signal input; obtaining a second induced voltage on the sense line when determining that the second induced voltage is equal to the target induced voltage.
  • the second data voltage applied to the data signal input end of each pixel circuit is the maximum data voltage corresponding to each light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum.
  • the target induced voltage can be measured first, and the target induced voltage can be determined by performing a partial lighting test on the display panel.
  • the compensation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include: a lighting tester 14 .
  • the lighting tester 14 is used to perform a partial lighting test on the display panel to determine the target induced voltage. That is, the lighting tester 14 can be used to apply a maximum local data voltage to the selected local area to charge the sensing line; after charging the sensing line for a preset time, the voltage on the sensing line is detected, and the voltage is Inductive voltage for the target.
  • the partial area may be the central area of the display panel.
  • the size of the local area may be determined according to actual application requirements, and the disclosure does not limit this.
  • the compensation display data voltage can be calculated according to the following calculation formula:
  • Vgs is a compensation display data voltage after the display panel is compensated under normal display
  • Vgs1 is the maximum data voltage
  • L is the expected display brightness
  • Vth is the threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
  • the threshold voltage detector 11, the maximum data voltage detector 12, the processor 13 and the lighting tester 14 can be implemented by a combination of embedded software and circuit hardware.
  • the specific working processes of the threshold voltage detector 11, the maximum data voltage detector 12, the processor 13 and the lighting tester 14 may be referred to the relevant description in the embodiment of the compensation method of the above display panel, and the repeated description is repeated. I will not go into details here.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another compensation device for a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the compensation device 700 can include a memory 70 and a processor 72.
  • the compensation device 700 is used to perform brightness compensation on the display panel.
  • memory 70 is used to store non-transitory computer readable instructions.
  • the processor 72 is configured to execute non-transitory computer readable instructions that, when executed by the processor 72, can perform one or more of the compensation methods described in any of the above embodiments.
  • memory 70 and processor 72 may be interconnected by a bus system and/or other form of connection mechanism (not shown).
  • processor 72 may provide first control signal S1, second control signal S2, first data voltage Vdata1, second data voltage Vdata2, etc. to the pixel circuit when the non-transitory computer readable instructions are executed.
  • the processor 72 may perform operations such as detecting an induced voltage on the sensing line Se when the non-transitory computer readable instructions are executed.
  • processor 72 can be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or program execution capabilities, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or a tensor processing unit (TPU), and the like;
  • the central processing unit (CPU) can be an X86 or ARM architecture or the like.
  • memory 70 can include any combination of one or more computer program products, which can include various forms of computer readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or nonvolatile memory.
  • Volatile memory can include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and/or caches and the like.
  • the non-volatile memory may include, for example, a read only memory (ROM), a hard disk, an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, a flash memory, and the like.
  • ROM read only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable read only memory
  • CD-ROM portable compact disk read only memory
  • USB memory a flash memory
  • One or more computer programs can be stored on a computer readable storage medium, and processor 72 can execute non-transitory computer readable instructions to implement various functions of compensation device 700.
  • Various applications and various data as well as various data used and/or generated by the application, and the like can also be stored in the computer readable storage medium
  • memory 70 and processor 72 can be integrated on a single chip.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, display device 100 can include a compensation device 101 that includes any of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 100 further includes a display panel 102, a gate driver 103, and a data driver 104.
  • the display panel 102 is for displaying an image, and the display panel 102 may include a pixel circuit 112.
  • the gate driver 103 is configured to provide a control signal (eg, a first control signal and a second control signal) to the pixel circuit 112 to control the drive transistor and the sense transistor to be turned on or off.
  • the data driver 104 is configured to provide a data voltage (eg, a first data voltage and a second data voltage) to the pixel circuit 112 through the data line.
  • the display device 100 can be any product or component having a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compensation method, a compensation device, and a display device for a display panel.
  • the display panel includes: a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit includes a pixel circuit and a light emitting element; the compensation method includes: detecting a threshold voltage of a driving transistor in the pixel circuit; and detecting a maximum data voltage corresponding to the light emitting element when the light emitting brightness is maximum Calculating based on the threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage, and the expected display brightness to obtain a compensated display data voltage after compensating the display panel under normal display.
  • the compensation method can realize the full-screen full gray-scale compensation display of the display panel by directly detecting the threshold voltage and the maximum data voltage, and further determining the compensation display data voltage of the display panel by the threshold voltage, the maximum data voltage corresponding to the maximum brightness, and the expected display brightness.
  • the problem that the value of the threshold voltage is poorly compensated due to the error of the calculation is effectively improved, and the problem of low gray scale loss caused by the inaccuracy of the threshold voltage can be improved, and the compensation effect is improved.

Abstract

一种显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备，显示面板包括多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件(EL)，补偿方法包括：检测像素电路中的驱动晶体管(T3)的阈值电压(Vth)(S101)；检测发光元件(EL)在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压(Vgs1)(S102)；基于阈值电压(Vth)、最大数据电压(Vgs1)以及预期显示亮度(L)进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压(Vgs)(S103)，能够有效改善显示面板在低灰阶下的补偿效果，降低或减轻低灰阶丢失的现象，提高补偿效果。

Description

显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备
本申请要求于2017年06月30日递交的中国专利申请第201710526389.7号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备。
背景技术
随着显示技术的进步，有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)显示面板是当今平板显示器研究领域的热点之一，越来越多的有源矩阵有机发光二极管(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode，AMOLED)显示面板进入市场，相对于传统的薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display,TFT LCD)，AMOLED具有更快的反应速度，更高的对比度以及更广大的视角。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种显示面板的补偿方法，所述显示面板包括：多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件；所述补偿方法包括:检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；基于所述阈值电压、所述最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对所述显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压，包括：向所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电，在所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测所述感应线上的第一感应电压；根据所述第一数据电压与所述第一感应电压计算获得所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法中，所述阈值电压通过如下计算 式获得：
Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1
其中，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压，Vdata1为所述第一数据电压，Vse1为所述第一感应电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压，包括：对所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电；在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压；确定所述第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法中，在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压，包括：在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，检测所述感应线上的所述第二感应电压；比较所述第二感应电压与所述目标感应电压，确定所述第二感应电压大于所述目标感应电压时，减小施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；确定所述第二感应电压小于所述目标感应电压时，增大施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；确定所述第二感应电压等于所述目标感应电压时，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压。
例如，本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法，还包括：对所述显示面板进行局部点亮测试，以确定所述目标感应电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿方法中，所述补偿显示数据电压根据如下计算公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000001
其中，Vgs为所述补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为所述最大数据电压，L为所述预期显示亮度，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种显示面板的补偿装置，所述显示面板包括：多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件；所述补偿装置包括：阈值电压检测器、最大数据电压检测器和处理器。所述阈值电压检测器用于检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；所述最大数据电压检测器用于检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；所述处理器用于 基于所述阈值电压、所述最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对所述显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，所述阈值电压检测器用于：向所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电，在所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测所述感应线上的第一感应电压；根据所述第一数据电压与所述第一感应电压计算获得所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述阈值电压通过如下计算式获得：
Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1
其中，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压，Vdata1为所述第一数据电压，Vse1为所述第一感应电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，所述最大数据电压检测器用于：对每个所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电；在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压；确定所述第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压的操作，包括：在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，检测所述感应线上的所述第二感应电压；比较所述第二感应电压与所述目标感应电压，在确定所述第二感应电压大于所述目标感应电压时，减小施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；在确定所述第二感应电压小于所述目标感应电压时，增大施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；在确定所述第二感应电压等于所述目标感应电压时，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压。
例如，本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置，还包括：点亮测试器；所述点亮测试器用于对所述显示面板进行局部点亮测试，以确定所述目标感应电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述补偿显示数据电压根据如下计算公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000002
其中，Vgs为所述补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为所述最大数据电压，L为所述预期显示亮度，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述像素电路还包括数据写入晶体管、感应晶体管和存储电容，所述驱动晶体管被配置为驱动所述发光元件发光；所述数据写入晶体管被配置为在导通时将数据电压写入到所述驱动晶体管的栅极；所述存储电容被配置为存储所述数据电压并将其保持在所述驱动晶体管的栅极；所述感应晶体管被配置为对所述感应线充电。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的补偿装置中，所述感应晶体管的第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极电连接，所述感应晶体管的第二极与所述感应线电连接，所述感应晶体管的栅极被配置为接收第二控制信号；所述驱动晶体管的第一极还与所述发光元件的阳极电连接，所述驱动晶体管的第二极电连接至第一电源端，所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据写入晶体管的第一极电连接；所述数据写入晶体管的栅极被配置为接收第一控制信号，所述数据写入晶体管的第二极被配置为接收所述数据电压；所述存储电容的一端与所述驱动晶体管的第一极电连接，所述存储电容的另一端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极电连接。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种显示面板的补偿装置，包括：存储器，用于存储非暂时性计算机可读指令；处理器，用于运行所述非暂时性计算机可读指令，所述非暂时性计算机可读指令被所述处理器运行时可以执行上述任一所述的补偿方法。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种显示设备，包括本公开任一实施例提供的补偿装置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种像素电路的结构示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示面板的补偿方法的示意性流程图；
图3为本公开一实施例提供的一种检测阈值电压的方法的示意性流程图；
图4为本公开一实施例提供的检测阈值电压时的像素电路的工作时序图；
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压的方法的示意性流程图；
图6a和图6b分别为本公开一实施例提供的检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压的像素电路的工作时序图；
图7为本公开一实施例提供的一种补偿装置的示意性框图；
图8为本公开一实施例提供的另一种补偿装置的示意性框图；以及
图9为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
为了使得本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
目前，一种AMOLED显示面板的像素电路主要包括：驱动晶体管、选择晶体管、感应(Sense)晶体管和电容。该像素电路通过数据线向像素电路施加特定的数据电压，测量流经感应晶体管的感应电流，或者在感应线上进行电荷积累并检测得到感应电压，然后通过计算来调节数据电压，从而达到补偿的效果。
具体的补偿方式为：先预设感应线充电电压的第一目标电压，向数据线施加数据电压，对感应线充电特定时间，检测感应线上的感应电压，比较该感应电压值与预设的第一目标电压的大小；如果感应线上的感应电压大于第一目标 电压，则减小施加到数据线上的数据电压，然后再次进行感测；如果感应线上的感应电压小于第一目标电压，则增大施加到数据线上的数据电压，然后再次进行感测。同时，可以根据感应线上的感应电压与第一目标电压的差异大小，来决定每次数据电压的加减量，多次循环反馈之后，则认为AMOLED显示面板的所有感应线上的感应电压与第一目标电压达到一致，从而在第一目标电压对应的亮度(假设此时对应第一数据电压)下，AMOLED显示面板实现全屏均匀补偿。同理，可以得到第二目标电压对应的第二数据电压。通过第一数据电压和第二数据电压可以计算得到驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth和常量K值。根据驱动发光元件OLED发光的驱动电流公式(I＝K(Vgs-Vth) 2)，实现对AMOLED显示面板全屏、全灰阶的补偿。
然而，该种补偿方式的不足之处在于驱动电流公式中的Vth和K值都是通过测得的第一数据电压和第二数据电压计算得到，第一数据电压和第二数据电压中的任何一个值存在测量误差都会造成计算结果的不准确，从而导致补偿效果不好。尤其对于Vth，Vth不准确会使低灰阶的补偿均一性较差，易造成很严重的低灰阶丢失。因此，改善显示面板在低灰阶下的补偿效果，从而提高显示画面的亮度均一性，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
本公开实施例提供一种显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备，有效改善显示面板在低灰阶下的补偿效果，降低或减轻低灰阶丢失的现象，提高补偿效果。
下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备的进行详细的说明。
本公开实施例提供一种显示面板的补偿方法。图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种像素电路的结构示意图；图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示面板的补偿方法的示意性流程图。
例如，显示面板包括多个像素单元，如图1所示，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件EL。例如，如图2所示，该补偿方法可以包括：
S101、检测像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；
S102、检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；
S103、基于阈值电压、最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
本公开实施例提供的补偿方法中，通过直接检测阈值电压和最大亮度对应 的最大数据电压，进而通过阈值电压、最大亮度对应的最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度确定显示面板的补偿显示数据电压，可以实现显示面板的全屏全灰阶补偿显示，有效改善阈值电压的值由于计算而存在的误差所造成的补偿均一性差的问题，同时可以改善阈值电压不准确导致的低灰阶丢失问题，提高补偿效果。
需要说明的是，检测阈值电压的步骤和检测最大数据电压的步骤可以不分先后，在具体实施时可以根据需要进行相应调整，在此不作限定。
例如，发光元件EL可以为有机发光二极管(OLED)。但不限于此，有机发光元件还可以为量子点发光二极管(QLED)等。本公开对此不作限制。
例如，如图1所示，像素电路可以包括数据写入晶体管T1、感应晶体管T2、驱动晶体管T3和存储电容C。驱动晶体管T3被配置为驱动发光元件EL发光。感应晶体管T2被配置为对感应线Se充电；驱动晶体管T3被配置为驱动发光元件EL发光；数据写入晶体管T1被配置为在导通时将数据电压写入到对应的驱动晶体管T3的栅极；存储电容C被配置为存储数据电压并将其保持在驱动晶体管T3的栅极。
例如，如图1所示，像素电路还可以包括感应线Se。感应线Se通过感应晶体管T2连接到驱动晶体管T3的第一极。在每个像素电路内，感应晶体管T2的第一极与驱动晶体管T3的第一极电连接，感应晶体管T2的第二极与一条感应线Se电连接，感应晶体管T2的栅极被配置为接收第二控制信号S2。驱动晶体管T3的第一极还与发光元件EL的阳极电连接，驱动晶体管T3的第二极电连接至第一电源端VDD，驱动晶体管T3的栅极与数据写入晶体管T1的第一极电连接。数据写入晶体管T1的栅极被配置为接收第一控制信号S1，数据写入晶体管T1的第二极与数据线Da电连接以接收数据电压。存储电容C的一端与驱动晶体管T3的第一极电连接，存储电容C的另一端与驱动晶体管T3的栅极电连接。发光元件EL的阴极电连接至第二电源端，第二电源端例如接地。
例如，数据写入晶体管T1、感应晶体管T2和驱动晶体管T3均可以为薄膜晶体管或场效应晶体管或其他特性相同的开关器件。薄膜晶体管可以包括多晶硅(低温多晶硅或高温多晶硅)薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、氧化物薄膜晶体管或有机薄膜晶体管等。
例如，按照晶体管的特性，晶体管可以分为N型晶体管和P型晶体管，为 了清楚起见，本公开的实施例中，以数据写入晶体管T1、感应晶体管T2和驱动晶体管T3均为N型晶体管(例如，N型MOS晶体管)为例详细阐述了本公开的技术方案，然而本公开的实施例不限于此，本领域技术人员还可以根据实际需要具体设置。在本公开的实施例中，为了区分晶体管，除作为控制极的栅极，直接描述了其中一极为第一极，另一极为第二极，所以本公开实施例中全部或部分晶体管的第一极和第二极根据需要是可以互换的。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例仅以像素电路采用3T1C结构为例进行说明，但是本公开实施例的像素电路不限于3T1C结构。例如，根据需要该像素电路还可以包括传输晶体管、检测晶体管和复位晶体管等。
图3为本公开一实施例提供的一种检测阈值电压的方法的示意性流程图，例如，如图3所示，图2所示的步骤S101可以包括：
S201、向像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对感应线进行充电，在像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测感应线上的第一感应电压；
S202、根据第一数据电压与第一感应电压计算获得驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
例如，像素电路的数据信号输入端可以为数据写入晶体管T1的第二极。
例如，在步骤S101中，可以按照逐行扫描的顺序，以一行像素为单位进行检测，获得驱动晶体管T3的阈值电压。
图4为本公开一实施例提供的检测驱动晶体管T3的阈值电压Vth时的像素电路的工作时序图。例如，如图1和图4所示，第一控制信号S1控制数据写入晶体管T1开启，第二控制信号S2控制感应晶体管T2开启，向数据线Da施加第一数据电压Vdata1，第一数据电压Vdata1通过数据写入晶体管T1被传输到驱动晶体管T3的栅极，从而控制驱动晶体管T3开启。然后，第一数据电压Vdata1依次通过数据写入晶体管T1、驱动晶体管T3和感应晶体管T2对感应线Se充电，经过一段时间充电，直至驱动晶体管T3关断。也就是说，对像素电路的数据信号输入端进行数据加载，以对感应线Se进行充电直至像素电路中的驱动晶体管T3截止；当驱动晶体管T3截止时，检测感应线Se上的第一感应电压Vse1。数据线Da上的第一数据电压Vdata1与感应线Se上的第一感应电压Vse1的差值即为驱动晶体管T3的阈值电压Vth，即阈值电压Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1。
例如，在步骤S101的检测过程中，第一数据电压Vdata1固定不变。
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压的方法的示意性流程图。例如，在步骤S102中，可以对显示面板的全屏进行充电及检测，当各像素单元的感应线上的第二感应电压等于目标感应电压时，施加到各像素电路的数据信号输入端的第二数据电压即为各发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，如图5所示，图2所示的步骤S102可以包括：
S301、对像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，对感应线进行充电；
S302、对感应线充电预设时间后，获取感应线上的第二感应电压；
S303、确定第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到数据信号输入端的第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，在步骤S303中，可以对显示面板上的所有像素单元执行至少一次步骤S302和步骤S301中的充电及检测的过程。
例如，步骤S302可以包括：在对感应线充电预设时间后，检测感应线上的所述第二感应电压；比较所述第二感应电压与所述目标感应电压，确定第二感应电压大于目标感应电压时，减小施加到数据信号输入端的第二数据电压；确定第二感应电压小于目标感应电压时，增大施加到数据信号输入端的第二数据电压；确定第二感应电压等于目标感应电压时，获取感应线上的第二感应电压。
例如，在步骤S302中，预设时间可以为400-500微秒。但不限于此，预设时间可以根据实际需要进行具体设置。
图6a和6b分别为检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压Vgs1的像素电路工作时序图。
例如，如图1和图6a所示，在一个示例中，在t1阶段，可以通过第一控制信号S1控制数据写入晶体管T1开启，通过第二控制信号S2控制感应晶体管T2开启，向数据线Da施加第二数据电压Vdata2(图6a与图6b所示的第二数据电压Vdata2可以根据实际需要进行相应的调整，即多次执行步骤S301)，第二数据电压Vdata2通过数据写入晶体管T1被传输到驱动晶体管T3的栅极，从而控制驱动晶体管T3开启，此时，驱动晶体管T3的栅极电压为第二数据电压Vdata2。在t2阶段，通过第一控制信号S1控制数据写入晶体管 T1关断，通过第二控制信号S2控制感应晶体管T2开启，由于在t2阶段内，仍有电流流过驱动晶体管T3和感应晶体管T2而对感测线Se进行充电，因此驱动晶体管T3的第一极的电压继续升高，因而驱动晶体管T3的栅极的电压也随之抬升。在预设时间后，检测驱动晶体管T3的第一极的电压，此时，驱动晶体管T3的第一极的电压即为感应线Se上的第二感应电压Vse2，而驱动晶体管T3的栅极的电压为第二数据电压Vdata2和第二感应电压Vse2之和。
例如，在6b所示的示例中，其工作原理与图6a所示的示例基本相同，不同之处在于：在t2阶段内，通过第一控制信号S1控制数据写入晶体管T1开启，也就是说，在t2阶段，数据写入晶体管T1处于开启状态。由于数据写入晶体管T1开启，在对感应线Se充电预设时间后，驱动晶体管T3的第一极的电压为感应线Se上的第二感应电压Vse2，而驱动晶体管T3的栅极的电压为第二数据电压Vdata2。
需要说明的是，在图6a所示的示例中，第二感应电压Vse2在预设时间内线性增长；而在图6b所示的示例中，第二感应电压Vse2在预设时间内非线性增长。
例如，在实际应用中，可以预先测得目标感应电压(Target)。该目标感应电压可以通过对显示面板进行局部点亮测试而测定，即通过抽样检测显示面板上的局部区域的亮度进行测定。例如，本公开实施例提供的补偿方法还可以包括：选取显示面板的局部区域，对该局部区域施加最大局部数据电压，以对感应线进行充电；在对感应线充电预设时间后，检测感应线上的电压，该电压即为目标感应电压。
例如，最大局部数据电压可以表示在局部区域的发光元件的发光亮度最大时对应的数据电压。该最大局部数据电压可以预先测量得到，即对局部区域施加数据电压，不断调节该数据电压，以使局部区域的亮度达到最大发光亮度，此时施加的数据电压为最大局部数据电压。例如，最大发光亮度可以根据实际应用需要预先设置。
例如，局部区域可以为显示面板的中心区域。局部区域的大小可以根据实际应用需求确定，本公开对此不作限制。
如图1所示，当对感应线Se充电特定时间，以使感应线Se上的第二感应电压Vse2达到目标感应电压时，则认为该发光元件EL达到最高亮度。如果第二感应电压Vse2高于目标感应电压，则降低施加到数据线Da上的第二数据电 压Vdata2，如果第二感应电压Vse2低于目标感应电压，则增大施加到数据线Da上的第二数据电压Vdata2，如此循环多次，直至全屏的感应线Se上的第二感应电压Vse2都等于目标感应电压，此时施加到各像素电路的数据信号输入端的第二数据电压Vdata2即为各发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压Vgs1，全屏在最高亮度下可以补偿均匀。
例如，在步骤S103中，根据如下计算公式计算显示面板的补偿显示数据电压：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000003
其中，Vgs为补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为最大数据电压，L为预期显示亮度，Vth为驱动晶体管T3的阈值电压。
例如，在步骤S103中，预期显示亮度可以根据当前数据电压确定。例如，可以根据数据电压与灰阶之间的对应关系，通过公式计算得到显示面板的预设显示亮度。
例如，预期显示亮度L为归一化亮度，即最大数据电压对应的最大显示亮度为1。在正常显示下，施加的数据电压与预期显示亮度L之间的对应关系可以通过伽马变换得到。
例如，在发光元件EL发出最大发光亮度时，最大发光亮度对应的最大数据电压为Vgs1，此时，最大数据电压为Vgs1对应的最大发光电流Imax可以表示为：
Imax＝K(Vgs1-Vth) 2     (1)
其中，K是与驱动晶体管T3的工艺参数及几何尺寸相关的常量。
由公式(1)变形可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000004
由显示面板进行正常显示时的驱动电流公式I＝K(Vgs-Vth) 2可以变形得到：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000005
因为，发光元件EL的发光亮度与发光电流成正比，则有正常发光电流I与最大发光电流Imax的关系为：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000006
其中，(4)式中L为发光元件的预期显示亮度，Lmax为最大显示亮度。由于预期显示亮度L和最大显示亮度Lmax均为归一化亮度，因此最大显示亮度Lmax＝1，将公式(2)、(4)式带入(3)式中，可以得到在正常显示下对显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压为：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000007
本公开一实施例还提供一种显示面板的补偿装置。显示面板包括多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件。图7为本公开一实施例提供的一种补偿装置的示意性框图，如图7所示，补偿装置可以包括：阈值电压检测器11、最大数据电压检测器12和处理器13。阈值电压检测器11用于检测每个像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；最大数据电压检测器12用于检测每个发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；处理器13用于基于阈值电压、最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
本公开实施例提供的上述补偿装置通过阈值电压检测器、最大数据电压检测器可以直接检测像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth和最大数据电压Vgs1，然后通过处理器基于阈值电压、最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到补偿后的补偿显示数据电压，从而实现显示面板的全屏全灰阶补偿显示，有效改善由于阈值电压由于计算计算而存在的误差所造成的补偿均一性差的问题，同时可以改善阈值电压不准确导致的低灰阶丢失问题，提高补偿效果。
需要说明的是，关于像素电路的具体说明可以参考上述补偿方法的实施例中的相关描述，重复之处不再赘述。
例如，阈值电压检测器11用于：向像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对感应线进行充电，在像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测此时感应线上的第一感应电压；根据第一数据电压与第一感应电压计算获得驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
例如，阈值电压可以通过如下计算式获得：Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1；其中，Vth为驱动晶体管的阈值电压，Vdata1为第一数据电压，Vse1为第一感应电压。
例如，最大数据电压检测器12用于：对每个像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，以对感应线进行充电；在对感应线充电预设时间后，获取感应线上的第二感应电压；确定第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到 数据信号输入端的第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，本公开实施例提供的上述补偿装置中，通过最大数据电压检测器12可以对全屏进行充电及检测，即可以对显示面板上的所有像素单元执行至少一次充电及检测的过程。例如，对感应线充电预设时间后，获取感应线上的第二感应电压的操作，可以包括：在对感应线充电预设时间后，检测感应线上的所述第二感应电压；比较第二感应电压与目标感应电压，在确定第二感应电压大于目标感应电压时，减小施加到数据信号输入端的第二数据电压；在确定第二感应电压小于目标感应电压时，增大施加到数据信号输入端的第二数据电压；在确定第二感应电压等于目标感应电压时，获取感应线上的第二感应电压。
例如，当各像素单元的感应线上的第二感应电压等于目标感应电压时，施加到各像素电路的数据信号输入端的第二数据电压即为各发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
例如，在实际应用中，可以首先测得目标感应电压(Target)，该目标感应电压可以通过对显示面板进行局部点亮测试而测定。
例如，如图7所示，本公开实施例提供的补偿装置还可以包括：点亮测试器14。点亮测试器14用于对显示面板进行局部点亮测试，以确定目标感应电压。也就是说，点亮测试器14可以用于对选取的局部区域施加最大局部数据电压，以对感应线进行充电；在对感应线充电预设时间后，检测感应线上的电压，该电压即为目标感应电压。
例如，局部区域可以为显示面板的中心区域。局部区域的大小可以根据实际应用需求确定，本公开对此不作限制。
例如，补偿显示数据电压可以根据如下计算公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-000008
其中，Vgs为在正常显示下对所述显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为最大数据电压，L为预期显示亮度，Vth为驱动晶体管的阈值电压。具体的公式推导过程如前所述，在此不作赘述。
例如，阈值电压检测器11、最大数据电压检测器12、处理器13和点亮测试器14可以通过嵌入式软件和电路硬件的结合实现。
需要说明的是，关于阈值电压检测器11、最大数据电压检测器12、处理器13和点亮测试器14的具体工作过程可以参考上述显示面板的补偿方法的实 施例中的相关描述，重复之处在此不再赘述。
本公开一实施例还提供一种显示面板的补偿装置。图8为本公开一实施例提供的另一种显示面板的补偿装置的示意性框图。如图8所示，补偿装置700可以包括存储器70和处理器72。补偿装置700用于对显示面板进行亮度补偿。
例如，存储器70用于存储非暂时性计算机可读指令。处理器72用于运行非暂时性计算机可读指令，非暂时性计算机可读指令被处理器72运行时可以执行根据上述任一实施例所述的补偿方法中的一个或多个步骤。
例如，存储器70和处理器72可以通过总线系统和/或其它形式的连接机构(未示出)互连。
例如，处理器72运行非暂时性计算机可读指令时可以向像素电路提供第一控制信号S1、第二控制信号S2、第一数据电压Vdata1、第二数据电压Vdata2等。处理器72运行非暂时性计算机可读指令时可以执行检测感测线Se上的感应电压等操作。
例如，处理器72可以是中央处理单元(CPU)或者具有数据处理能力和/或程序执行能力的其它形式的处理单元，例如现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或张量处理单元(TPU)等；例如，中央处理单元(CPU)可以为X86或ARM架构等。
例如，存储器70可以包括一个或多个计算机程序产品的任意组合，计算机程序产品可以包括各种形式的计算机可读存储介质，例如易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。易失性存储器例如可以包括随机存取存储器(RAM)和/或高速缓冲存储器(cache)等。非易失性存储器例如可以包括只读存储器(ROM)、硬盘、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)、便携式紧致盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、USB存储器、闪存等。在计算机可读存储介质上可以存储一个或多个计算机程序，处理器72可以运行非暂时性计算机可读指令，以实现补偿装置700的各种功能。在计算机可读存储介质中还可以存储各种应用程序和各种数据以及应用程序使用和/或产生的各种数据等。
例如，存储器70和处理器72可以集成在一块芯片上。
本公开一实施例还提供一种显示设备。图9为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示设备的示意性框图。如图9所示，显示设备100可以包括包括本公开任一实施例提供的补偿装置101。
需要说明的是，关于补偿装置101的相关说明可以参考上述补偿装置的实 施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，如图9所示，显示设备100还包括显示面板102、栅极驱动器103和数据驱动器104。显示面板102用于显示图像，且显示面板102可以包括像素电路112。栅极驱动器103被配置为向像素电路112提供控制信号(例如，第一控制信号和第二控制信号)，从而控制驱动晶体管和感应晶体管导通或截止。数据驱动器104被配置为通过数据线向像素电路112提供数据电压(例如，第一数据电压和第二数据电压)。
例如，该显示设备100可以为手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
需要说明的是，对于该显示设备100的其它必要组成部分(例如控制装置、图像数据编码/解码装置、行扫描驱动器、列扫描驱动器、时钟电路等)均为本领域的普通技术人员应该理解具有的，在此不作赘述，也不应作为对本公开的限制。
本公开实施例提供了一种显示面板的补偿方法、补偿装置及显示设备。该显示面板包括：多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件；该补偿方法包括：检测像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；检测发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；基于阈值电压、最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。该补偿方法通过直接检测阈值电压和最大数据电压，进而通过阈值电压、最大亮度对应的最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度确定显示面板的补偿显示数据电压，可以实现显示面板的全屏全灰阶补偿显示，有效改善阈值电压的值由于计算而存在的误差造成的补偿均一性差的问题，同时可以改善阈值电压不准确导致的低灰阶丢失问题，提高补偿效果。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种显示面板的补偿方法，所述显示面板包括：多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件，所述补偿方法包括：
    检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；
    检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；
    基于所述阈值电压、所述最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对所述显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的补偿方法，其中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压，包括：
    向所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电，在所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测所述感应线上的第一感应电压；
    根据所述第一数据电压与所述第一感应电压计算获得所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的补偿方法，其中，所述阈值电压通过如下计算式获得：
    Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1
    其中，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压，Vdata1为所述第一数据电压，Vse1为所述第一感应电压。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的补偿方法，其中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大亮度时对应的最大数据电压，包括：
    对所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电；
    在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压；
    确定所述第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的补偿方法，其中，在对所述感应线充电预设时间 后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压，包括：
    在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，检测所述感应线上的所述第二感应电压；
    比较所述第二感应电压与所述目标感应电压，确定所述第二感应电压大于所述目标感应电压时，减小施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；确定所述第二感应电压小于所述目标感应电压时，增大施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；确定所述第二感应电压等于所述目标感应电压时，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的补偿方法，还包括：
    对所述显示面板进行局部点亮测试，以确定所述目标感应电压。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的补偿方法，其中，所述补偿显示数据电压根据如下计算公式计算：
    Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-100001
    其中，Vgs为所述补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为所述最大数据电压，L为所述预期显示亮度，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
  8. 一种显示面板的补偿装置，其中，所述显示面板包括：多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括像素电路和发光元件，所述补偿装置包括：阈值电压检测器、最大数据电压检测器和处理器，其中，
    所述阈值电压检测器用于检测所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管的阈值电压；
    所述最大数据电压检测器用于检测所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压；
    所述处理器用于基于所述阈值电压、所述最大数据电压以及预期显示亮度进行计算，以得到在正常显示下对所述显示面板进行补偿后的补偿显示数据电压。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的补偿装置，其中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，所述阈值电压检测器用于：
    向所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第一数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电，在所述像素电路中的驱动晶体管截止时，检测所述感应线上的第一感应电压；
    根据所述第一数据电压与所述第一感应电压计算获得所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的补偿装置，其中，所述阈值电压通过如下计算式获得：
    Vth＝Vdata1-Vse1
    其中，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压，Vdata1为所述第一数据电压，Vse1为所述第一感应电压。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的补偿装置，其中，所述像素电路包括连接到所述驱动晶体管的第一极的感应线，所述最大数据电压检测器用于：
    对每个所述像素电路的数据信号输入端施加第二数据电压，以对所述感应线进行充电；
    在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压；
    确定所述第二感应电压等于目标感应电压，检测施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压，所述第二数据电压为所述发光元件在发光亮度最大时对应的最大数据电压。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的补偿装置，其中，对所述感应线充电预设时间后，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压的操作，包括：
    在对所述感应线充电预设时间后，检测所述感应线上的所述第二感应电压；
    比较所述第二感应电压与所述目标感应电压，在确定所述第二感应电压大于所述目标感应电压时，减小施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；在确定所述第二感应电压小于所述目标感应电压时，增大施加到所述数据信号输入端的所述第二数据电压；在确定所述第二感应电压等于所述目标感应电压时，获取所述感应线上的第二感应电压。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的补偿装置，还包括：点亮测试器；
    所述点亮测试器用于对所述显示面板进行局部点亮测试，以确定所述目标感应电压。
  14. 如权利要求8-13任一项所述的补偿装置，其中，所述补偿显示数据电压根据如下计算公式计算：
    Figure PCTCN2018076388-appb-100002
    其中，Vgs为所述补偿显示数据电压，Vgs1为所述最大数据电压，L为所述预期显示亮度，Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
  15. 如权利要求9-14任一项所述的补偿装置，其中，所述像素电路还包 括数据写入晶体管、感应晶体管和存储电容，
    所述驱动晶体管被配置为驱动所述发光元件发光；
    所述数据写入晶体管被配置为在导通时将数据电压写入到所述驱动晶体管的栅极；
    所述存储电容被配置为存储所述数据电压并将其保持在所述驱动晶体管的栅极；
    所述感应晶体管被配置为对所述感应线充电。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的补偿装置，其中，
    所述感应晶体管的第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极电连接，所述感应晶体管的第二极与所述感应线电连接，所述感应晶体管的栅极被配置为接收第二控制信号；
    所述驱动晶体管的第一极还与所述发光元件的阳极电连接，所述驱动晶体管的第二极电连接至第一电源端，所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据写入晶体管的第一极电连接；
    所述数据写入晶体管的栅极被配置为接收第一控制信号，所述数据写入晶体管的第二极被配置为接收所述数据电压；
    所述存储电容的一端与所述驱动晶体管的第一极电连接，所述存储电容的另一端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极电连接。
  17. 一种显示面板的补偿装置，包括：
    存储器，用于存储非暂时性计算机可读指令；
    处理器，用于运行所述非暂时性计算机可读指令，所述非暂时性计算机可读指令被所述处理器运行时可以执行根据权利要求1-7任一所述的补偿方法。
  18. 一种显示设备，包括如权利要求8-16任一项所述的补偿装置。
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