WO2018189843A1 - 運転制御方法及び運転制御装置 - Google Patents
運転制御方法及び運転制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018189843A1 WO2018189843A1 PCT/JP2017/015021 JP2017015021W WO2018189843A1 WO 2018189843 A1 WO2018189843 A1 WO 2018189843A1 JP 2017015021 W JP2017015021 W JP 2017015021W WO 2018189843 A1 WO2018189843 A1 WO 2018189843A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an operation control method and an operation control apparatus.
- Patent Document 1 a method of monitoring the distance to the adjacent vehicle using a sensor and maintaining the distance below a predetermined value is known.
- the conventional technology has a problem that the automatic driving cannot be continued depending on the situation because the distance to the other vehicle is controlled when it is determined that the accuracy of the map information including the lane is low.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize the continuation of automatic driving even when traveling in an area where the accuracy of map information is low.
- the present invention solves the above problem by lowering the control level of automatic driving when traveling in an area where the accuracy of the map information is low.
- the driving control device for a vehicle according to the present invention is applied to a driving control system mounted on a vehicle
- the embodiment of the operation control device of the present invention is not limited, and can be applied to a mobile terminal device capable of exchanging information with the vehicle side.
- the operation control device, the operation control system, and the mobile terminal device are all computers that execute arithmetic processing.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a block configuration of the operation control system 1.
- the operation control system 1 of this embodiment includes an operation control device 100 and an in-vehicle device 200.
- the operation control apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes the communication apparatus 20, the in-vehicle apparatus 200 includes the communication apparatus 40, and both apparatuses exchange information with each other through wired communication or wireless communication.
- the in-vehicle device 200 of the present embodiment includes a detection device 50, a sensor 60, a vehicle controller 70, a drive device 80, a steering device 90, an output device 110, and a navigation device 120.
- the devices constituting the in-vehicle device 200 are connected by a CAN (Controller Area Network) or other in-vehicle LAN in order to exchange information with each other.
- CAN Controller Area Network
- the detection device 50 detects the presence of an object such as another vehicle and its location.
- the detection device 50 of the present embodiment includes a camera 51.
- the camera 51 of the present embodiment is a camera including an image sensor such as a CCD.
- the camera 51 of this embodiment is installed in the own vehicle, images the surroundings of the own vehicle, and acquires image data including the target vehicle existing around the own vehicle.
- the camera 51 of the present embodiment is attached to the host vehicle at a height h at the rear of the host vehicle so that the optical axis is at an angle ⁇ downward from the horizontal. From this position, the camera 51 captures a predetermined area behind the host vehicle V1 with a predetermined angle of view Q.
- the angle of view Q of the camera 51 is set to an angle of view Q that can be imaged for the left and right traveling lanes in addition to the traveling lane in which the host vehicle is traveling.
- the captured image of the camera 51 includes an image behind the host vehicle.
- the detecting device 50 processes the acquired image data and calculates the position or distance of the object relative to the own vehicle.
- the detection device 50 calculates the relative speed and the relative acceleration between the host vehicle and the object from the change in position of the object with time.
- the method known at the time of filing this application can be used as appropriate.
- the radar apparatus 52 may be used as the detection apparatus 50 of the present embodiment.
- a system known at the time of filing such as a millimeter wave radar, a laser radar, and an ultrasonic radar can be used.
- the sensor 60 of this embodiment includes a steering angle sensor 61 and a vehicle speed sensor 62.
- the steering angle sensor 61 detects steering information such as the steering amount, steering speed, and steering acceleration of the host vehicle, and sends the steering information to the vehicle controller 70 and the driving control device 100.
- the vehicle speed sensor 62 detects the vehicle speed and acceleration of the host vehicle and sends them to the vehicle controller 70 and the driving control device 100.
- the vehicle controller 70 of this embodiment is an in-vehicle computer such as an electric control unit (ECU), and electronically controls the driving state of the vehicle.
- Examples of the vehicle of the present embodiment include an electric vehicle including an electric motor as a travel drive source, an engine vehicle including an internal combustion engine as a travel drive source, and a hybrid vehicle including both the electric motor and the internal combustion engine as a travel drive source.
- electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles using an electric motor as a driving source include a type using a secondary battery as a power source for the electric motor and a type using a fuel cell as a power source for the electric motor.
- the drive device 80 of the present embodiment includes a drive mechanism for the host vehicle.
- the drive mechanism includes an electric motor and / or an internal combustion engine that are the above-described travel drive sources, a power transmission device including a drive shaft and an automatic transmission that transmits output from these travel drive sources to the drive wheels, and brakes the wheels.
- a braking device is included.
- the drive device 80 generates control signals for these drive mechanisms based on input signals from the driver's accelerator operation and brake operation, and control signals acquired from the vehicle controller 70 or the operation control device 100, and includes acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle. Execute operation control. By sending control information to the driving device 80, it is possible to automatically perform driving control including acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle.
- torque distribution output to each of the electric motor and the internal combustion engine corresponding to the traveling state of the vehicle is also sent to the drive device 80.
- the vehicle controller 70 that has acquired the control information from the control device 10 controls the drive device 80 and the steering device 90 to drive the host vehicle V1 along the target route.
- the vehicle controller 70 uses the road shape detected by the detection device 50 and the lane mark model stored in the road information and map information 300 of the navigation device 120 to maintain the vehicle in a predetermined lateral position with respect to the traveling lane.
- the steering device 90 is controlled to travel while traveling.
- the steering device 90 of this embodiment includes a steering actuator.
- the steering actuator includes a motor and the like attached to the column shaft of the steering.
- the steering device 90 executes steering control of the vehicle based on the control signal acquired from the vehicle controller 70 or the input signal by the driver's steering operation.
- the vehicle controller 70 calculates a steering control amount based on the steering angle acquired from the steering angle sensor 61, the vehicle speed acquired from the vehicle speed sensor 62, and the current of the steering actuator, and sends a current command to the steering actuator. Then, control is performed so that the host vehicle travels in the target lateral position.
- the driving direction of the host vehicle V1 is determined by the difference in rotational speed between the left and right drive wheels using the driving device 80 and / or the braking device 81. (That is, the lateral position) may be controlled.
- “steering” a vehicle includes not only the case of using the steering device 90 but also the case of using the driving device 80 and / or the braking device 81.
- the navigation device 120 calculates a route from the current position of the host vehicle to the destination, and outputs route guidance information via the output device 110 described later.
- the navigation device 120 includes a position detection device 121 and readable map information 300.
- the position detection device 121 includes a global positioning system (GPS), and detects a traveling position (latitude / longitude) of a traveling vehicle.
- GPS global positioning system
- the navigation device 120 refers to the map information 300 and identifies a road link on which the host vehicle travels based on the current position of the host vehicle detected by the position detection device 121.
- the map information 300 of the navigation device 120 is common to the map information 300 provided in the operation control device 100 described later.
- the map information 300 may be provided in the navigation device 120 or in the operation control device 100.
- the map information 300 will be described later.
- the operation control device 100 of the present embodiment includes a control device 10, a communication device 20, and an output device 30.
- the communication device 20 exchanges information with the in-vehicle device 200.
- the operation control device 100 executes control that supports the driving operation of the driver.
- the control device 10 supports the driver's steering operation.
- the movement amount and / or movement speed in the lateral direction (vehicle width direction) is calculated based on the route, and the control of the steering device 90 is assisted based on the steering angle corresponding to the movement amount.
- the control device 10 supports the driver's accelerator operation and brake operation.
- the movement amount and / or movement speed in the vertical direction (vehicle length direction) is calculated, and the control of the driving device 80 and / or the braking device 81 according to the movement amount and / or movement speed is assisted.
- the control device 10 of the driving control device 100 is configured as a driving control device 100 by executing a ROM (Read Memory) 12 storing a program for executing driving control of the host vehicle and a program stored in the ROM 12.
- a computer including a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11 as a functioning operation circuit and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 13 functioning as an accessible storage device.
- the control apparatus 10 of this embodiment performs each function by cooperation of the software for implement
- the control device 10 of the operation control device 100 includes map information 300.
- the map information 300 of this embodiment will be described.
- the map information 300 includes a first map MP1 and a second map MP2.
- the first map MP1 is a map with higher accuracy than the second map MP2.
- the first map MP1 includes travel lane identification information, and the second map MP1 does not include travel lane identification information.
- FIG. 2 shows the contents of the information of the first map MP1 and the second map MP2, and the contents of the operation control that can be realized when these are used.
- the first map MP1 includes boundary information indicating the area of the first map MP1. By using this boundary information, it can be determined whether or not each point on the current position or route belongs to the area of the first map MP1. If the boundary between the first area and the second area is not clearly defined, the boundary may be defined according to the road type between the main road and the urban road.
- the main road can be defined as the first region, and the other urban roads can be defined as the second region. This is because there is a high possibility that the first map MP1 has been created for the main road.
- the first map MP1 includes geographical information including roads belonging to the first area
- the second map MP2 includes geographical roads including roads belonging to all areas including the first area and the second area.
- the map information of the area corresponding to the first area of the second map MP2 is not used, but only for the second area other than the first area.
- the second map MP2 exists for the first area, it is possible to use the second map MP2 of the first area.
- the first map MP1 has two-dimensional information and three-dimensional information.
- the first map MP1 has road information, road attribute information, and road up / down information.
- the first map MP1 has identification information that identifies each single lane and connection destination lane information that identifies the lane to which each lane is connected.
- the control device 10 can predict a lane that will travel in the future based on the identification information that identifies the lane.
- Driving control is based on recognition, judgment, and operation processes.
- the recognition process uses not only map information but also detection information by a camera, radar sensor, posture sensor, and the like, but the accuracy of the map information affects the accuracy of the recognition process.
- high-level automatic driving in which the vehicle automatically travels the route without requiring human operation, accurate recognition of the travel lane in which the vehicle will travel in the future is necessary.
- high-precision digital map information high-precision map, dynamic map
- the first map MP1 capable of identifying at least lanes is required.
- automatic driving has a broad meaning. Even if “automatic driving” is used, from the level of automatic driving where the driver is temporarily released from the steering operation, the level of automatic driving where the vehicle automatically moves to the destination without any driver operation (Fully automatic operation).
- the driving control in which the driver is temporarily or partially released from the steering operation is defined as the automatic driving level being low, and the vehicle can reach the destination without any driving operation by the occupant. Is defined as the highest automatic driving level. It is determined that the less the operation required from the passenger, the higher the automatic driving level.
- Operation control with a high automatic operation level includes 1) intersection operation control, 2) merging / branching operation control, and 3) lane change operation control.
- Driving control with these high automatic driving levels requires high cognitive levels. For this reason, the driving control requires the first map MP1 which is high-precision map information.
- FIG. 2 shows 4) lane keep operation control as operation control with a low automatic operation level. The lane keeping operation control controls the lateral position of the vehicle so as not to deviate from the currently traveling lane. This driving control does not require a level of recognition of accurately estimating the front of a vehicle that will travel in the future.
- this operation control can be executed using the second map MP2 without requiring the first map MP1 which is high-precision map information.
- the control for performing driving assistance by the driver assists the operation of the driver, and is premised on the operation of the driver. It can be positioned as the operation control with the lowest automatic operation level.
- the first operation control performed using the first map MP1 includes lane change operation control by automatic operation using the lane prediction result in the traveling direction of the vehicle, and the second operation control does not include lane change operation control. Since the contents of the first map MP1 and the first driving control are associated with each other and the contents of the second map MP2 and the second driving control are associated with each other, the driving with different automatic driving levels according to the change of the map to be referred to Control can be implemented.
- the first operation control includes lane change operation control, merge / branch operation control, and intersection passing operation control.
- the first operation control includes one or more operation controls among lane change operation control, merge / branch operation control, and intersection passing operation control.
- the second operation control can include constant speed traveling operation, inter-vehicle distance keeping operation, preceding vehicle following operation, and the like. Of course, these can also be executed as the first operation control.
- the control device 10 estimates the position of the vehicle using the first map MP1 which is a high-precision map including at least identification information for each lane, and determines the travel lane of the vehicle and the future travel lane of the vehicle. Judging obstacles and road conditions in the driving lane, the vehicle's horizontal position (steering / steering amount / steering speed) and vehicle's vertical position (accelerator / brake operation / operation amount / operating speed) depending on the situation By controlling, automatic operation is executed.
- the first map MP1 having information for identifying each lane, it is possible to accurately predict the lane in which the host vehicle will travel in the future.
- the lane in which the vehicle will travel in the future Identification of is essential.
- the control device 10 In order for the control device 10 to execute the driving plan by automatic driving, it is necessary to accurately recognize the lanes that will run in the future, and for this purpose, the first map MP1 including the identification information of each lane is required.
- the lane keeping (lane departure prevention) driving control can be executed if the lane in which the vehicle is currently traveling can be identified using the captured image or the like.
- the lane keeping operation control can be executed using the second map MP2 that does not include the identification information of each lane. As shown in FIG. 2, the second map MP2 does not include lane identification information and connection destination lane information for each lane.
- the second map MP2 does not include 3D position information.
- the lane keeping operation control recognizes the traveling lane in which the vehicle is traveling, and controls the movement of the vehicle so that the position of the lane mark of the traveling lane and the position of the host vehicle maintain a predetermined relationship.
- the lane mark may be a diagram drawn on the road surface, or a road rail such as a guardrail, curb, sidewalk, motorcycle road, etc. existing on the shoulder side of the lane, a structure such as a sign, a store, a roadside tree, etc. It may be.
- the map information of the present embodiment may be one map including the first map MP1 and the second map MP2 in different regions, or includes the first map MP1 and the second map MP2 as different map data. Also good.
- the second map data MP2 may include a map (non-high accuracy map) of the entire area including the first area and the second area.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the map information 300.
- the map information 300 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first map MP1 in the first area and a second map MP2 in the second area other than the first area.
- the first map MP1 of the map information 300 is a high-accuracy map of a first area that includes a main road and is surrounded by the main road.
- the map information 300 includes road information.
- the road information includes attributes such as road type, road width, road shape, whether or not to pass (whether or not to enter an adjacent lane) for each link.
- the road information of the first map MP1 stores the attribute of each lane for each link.
- the road information identifies an attribute lane that travels at a relatively low speed and an attribute lane (passing lane) that travels at a relatively high speed.
- the road information of the first map MP1 includes the relative position of each lane.
- the road information includes, for each lane, attributes such as the rightmost lane of the road, the leftmost lane of the road, the numbered lane, and other lanes on the right and left of the lane.
- FIG. 2 shows the driving
- operation control which can be implemented in 1st map MP1 and 2nd map MP2.
- the first map MP1 it is possible to perform intersection operation control, merge / branch operation control, which is considered to have the highest technical difficulty, and lane change operation control as the basis of these operation controls.
- the second map MP2 it is difficult to implement these three operation controls.
- the control device 10 is required to have an ability to execute operation control using the first map MP1.
- the technically simple (low automatic driving level) lane keeping operation control can be executed using either the first map MP1 or the second map MP2.
- a mode that supports driving based on the driver's intention the driver determines the driving operation and assists the operation
- the control device 10 acquires the destination of the vehicle.
- the destination may be specified by occupant input, or may be specified by the operation control device 100 based on the past history.
- the control device 10 refers to the first map MP1 and / or the second map MP2, and calculates a route from the current position of the vehicle to the destination.
- the route calculation uses a route search method known at the time of filing.
- the calculated route includes a first route belonging to the first map MP1 and a second route belonging to the second map MP2.
- the control device 10 sets the first driving control when traveling on the first route belonging to the first map MP1 in the route, and the first driving control is set when traveling on the second route belonging to the second map MP2 in the route.
- the second operation control having a low automatic operation level is set, and an operation plan for making the vehicle travel to the destination with the set operation control content is made.
- operation control including a lane change operation with a high automatic driving level can be executed, but when the second map MP2 is used, the lane change operation cannot be executed.
- the automatic operation is stopped as soon as the vehicle enters the second region, even though the automatic operation has been executed on the first route in the first region.
- the control device 10 enters the second region from the first region, the control device 10 lowers the automatic operation level of the operation control and continues the operation control.
- the first route in the first region causes the vehicle to travel based on any one of the automatic operation control including lane change operation control, merge / branch operation control, and intersection passing operation control, and the second route in the second region.
- the route causes the vehicle to travel with operation control that does not include lane change operation control.
- the first route in the first region causes the vehicle to travel by automatic operation including lane change
- the second route in the second region causes the vehicle to travel by key plane operation control.
- the route is calculated so that the first traveling cost of the first route belonging to the first map MP1 and the second traveling cost of the second route belonging to the second map MP2 have a predetermined relationship. May be. That is, it is defined as a predetermined relationship whether the route that preferentially passes the first route belonging to the first map MP1 or the route that preferentially passes the second route belonging to the second map MP2.
- the route based on the definition is calculated.
- An operation plan in which the ratio of the first route capable of performing advanced automatic operation is arbitrarily set can be made, and automatic operation can be used according to the environment and circumstances. When it is desired to give priority to traveling by automatic driving, the ratio of the first traveling cost to the second traveling cost may be set high. Conversely, when it is desired to use only the lane keeping function without performing a lane change, the ratio of the first travel cost to the second travel cost may be set low.
- FIG. 4 shows a scene in which lane change operation control with a high automatic operation level is being executed.
- the road W1 of the center three lanes Ln1, Ln2, Ln3 is a main road and is included in the first map MP1.
- a single lane road W2 connected to the left side of the main road is a narrow street and is included in the second map MP2.
- the route to the destination of the host vehicle V1 is a route that travels from the road W1 to the road W2.
- the sensor 60 of the host vehicle V1 detects the other vehicles V21, 22, 23 as obstacles and moves to the right side from the currently running lane Ln1 to Ln2, Ln3 to avoid these, and then the lane Ln3 The lane change operation of returning from Ln2 to Ln1 again is performed.
- Such driving control requires a high level of recognition that predicts future driving lanes, and information on the high-precision map MP2 is essential.
- the vehicle V1 turns left onto the road W2.
- the road W2 is included in the second map MP2 (the first map MP2 information is not created). Advanced automatic driving control cannot be performed on the road W2.
- the control device 10 does not immediately stop the automatic driving control, but instead of the automatic driving control (first driving control) including the lane change driving, the lane keeping driving control (second driving control) that can be executed by the second map MP2. Switch to. At this time, accelerator / brake operation may be assisted as constant speed running or driving control for maintaining the distance between vehicles. Instead of immediately suspending the first driving control because the road W2 does not belong to the first map MP1, the driving control is continued by switching to the second driving control.
- the second operation control includes support for driving operation by the driver.
- Driver driving assistance includes assistance for steering operation, assistance for accelerator operation, and assistance for brake operation.
- the control device 10 supports the control of the lateral position and / or the vertical position of the vehicle. In a scene where the first operation control cannot be performed, the second operation control is performed. At that time, since the driving operation of the driver is supported, the load on the driver can be reduced. From the viewpoint of continuing driving, the second driving control can include driving control based on a steering operation and a braking operation by the driver by stopping the automatic driving control.
- the control device 10 presents an operation plan including a control change point at which the first operation control and the second operation control are switched to the vehicle occupant using the output devices 30 and 110 before the execution of the operation plan is started. Thereby, the occupant can confirm the switching point of the automatic driving control in the driving plan before starting driving.
- the operation plan can be smoothly executed by confirming in advance the point of inheritance of the driving initiative.
- the control device 10 presents a control change point at which the first operation control and the second operation control are switched to a vehicle occupant when passing a point a predetermined distance before the control change point. Thereby, the occupant can confirm the switching point of the automatic driving control in the driving plan in front of it. Since it can be confirmed on the upstream side of the point that inherits the initiative of operation (the judgment subject of operation control changes), the operation plan can be executed smoothly.
- the control device 10 performs preparations for switching operation control upstream of the switching point for switching between the first operation control and the second operation control.
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan including operation control for moving the vehicle to the central lane on the upstream side of the control change point where the first operation control and the second operation control are switched.
- the center side is the center line side and the opposite lane side. In a road including a plurality of lanes, there is a high possibility that other lanes will merge and branch at the left and right ends of the road (opposite the center side). It is not preferable to switch operation control in a lane where traffic flow is likely to change.
- the lane on the center side is often an overtaking lane or a high-speed lane, and traffic flow is less disturbed.
- the control device 10 moves the vehicle to a central lane in which a change in traffic flow is unlikely to occur in advance upstream of the driving control switching point in preparation for switching of driving control. Thereby, the influence on the vehicle by switching of driving control can be suppressed.
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan including operation control for moving the vehicle to the central area of the lane when traveling at a control change point where the first operation control and the second operation control are switched.
- operation control for moving the vehicle to the center of the lane before switching the operation control.
- an operation plan including operation control with the vehicle speed as a target value is made.
- switching operation control it is preferable not to affect traffic flow by acceleration or deceleration.
- the target value is set based on the average speed, the speed limit, or the actually measured speed of the traveling lane.
- the traveling lane speed (average speed, speed limit, or actually measured speed) can be acquired from the map information 300 by at least temporarily storing it in association with the road information of the map information 300. You may acquire from an intelligent road transport system (ITS: (Intelligent) Transport (Systems)). Thereby, it is possible to prevent a change in the behavior of the vehicle due to the switching of the driving control so as not to affect the driving of other vehicles.
- ITS Intelligent road transport system
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan including operation control in which the amount of change in the behavior of the vehicle is less than a predetermined value when traveling at a control change point where the first operation control and the second operation control are switched.
- the vehicle behavior changes not a little, but even if the vehicle behavior changes, the change in the vehicle behavior is made smooth.
- the behavior change of the vehicle due to the switching of the driving control is gradual, and it can be prepared not to affect the driving of other vehicles.
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan including operation control that lowers the control gain of the vehicle when traveling at a control change point where the first operation control and the second operation control are switched. Even when the driver suddenly steers the steering wheel, the control gain is lowered to make it easier to accept the driver's operation intervention when the driving control is switched. It is possible to execute driver operation commands without
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan for executing the switching between the first operation control and the second operation control on a lane having a predetermined curvature.
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan for switching between the first operation control and the second operation control on a lane where the number of vehicles existing within a predetermined distance is less than a predetermined value.
- a large number of vehicles existing within a predetermined distance means that there is a high possibility that other vehicles exist in the vicinity.
- By switching the driving control in a lane where there are few other vehicles it is possible to execute control giving priority to the movement of the own vehicle in consideration of only the behavior of the own vehicle.
- step S101 the control device 10 acquires own vehicle information including the current position of the vehicle V1.
- the own vehicle information may include the vehicle speed and acceleration of the own vehicle V1.
- step S102 the control device 10 reads the map information 300 of the area including the current position.
- the map information 300 includes a first map MP1 and a second map MP2.
- step S103 the control device 10 calculates a route from the current position to the destination.
- the control device 10 devises an operation plan in which operation control is switched according to the accuracy of the map for the first route belonging to the first map MP and the second route belonging to the second map.
- the first driving control is set when traveling on the first route belonging to the first map MP1 in the route, and the automatic driving level is set to be higher than that in the first driving control when traveling on the second route belonging to the second map MP2 in the route.
- a low second operation control is set.
- the first operation control has a higher level of the automatic operation level than the second operation control, that is, a level that does not require human operation.
- the first operation control is one or more of lane change operation control, merging / branching operation control, and intersection operation control by automatic operation using the lane prediction result in the traveling direction of the vehicle.
- the second operation control does not include lane change operation control, merge / branch operation control, and intersection operation control.
- the operation plan includes the control details as preparation before switching to the second operation control.
- the control device 10 moves the vehicle to the lane on the central side (opposite to the left and right ends) on the upstream side of the control switching point, moves the vehicle to the center of the lane, and sets the speed to a target value corresponding to the traveling speed of the lane.
- the preparation is made to move to a lane having a predetermined curvature and set the control switching point at a timing when the density of the vehicle is low. As a result, it is possible to suppress a change in the behavior of the vehicle at the time of switching of the driving control and to prevent the smooth driving of other vehicles from being hindered.
- the operation plan includes the details of control when switching to the second operation control.
- the control device 10 lowers the control gain of the vehicle at which the amount of change in the behavior of the vehicle is less than a predetermined value at the control switching point.
- the planned operation plan may be presented to the occupant before the operation plan is executed.
- the operation plan including the operation control at the control change point where the operation control changes may be presented to the occupant before the control change point.
- the control device 10 causes the output devices 30 and 110 to present the calculated route. Display examples are shown in FIGS.
- the route displays the first route and the second route in different modes (color, thickness, broken line) so that the occupant can easily identify the first route and the second route.
- the connection points are highlighted and displayed so that the occupant can easily recognize the points entering and leaving the first region.
- the points entering and exiting the first region correspond to points where operation control is switched.
- step S ⁇ b> 104 the control device 10 acquires the detection result of the object from the detection device 50.
- the detection result of the object includes information on the position of the other vehicle.
- the control device 10 recognizes an object such as another vehicle as an obstacle that the vehicle should avoid.
- step S105 the control device 10 calculates a target position serving as a reference for vehicle operation control.
- Each target position includes a target horizontal position (target X coordinate) and a target vertical position (target Y coordinate).
- the target position is a position that avoids approaching or contacting with obstacles.
- a target route is obtained by connecting one or more calculated target coordinates and the current position of the vehicle V1.
- Step 106 the control device 10 calculates a feedback gain related to the lateral position based on the comparison result between the current lateral position of the host vehicle V1 and the target lateral position acquired in Step S105.
- step S107 the control device 10 moves the host vehicle V1 over the target lateral position based on the actual lateral position of the host vehicle V1, the target lateral position corresponding to the current position, and the feedback gain in step S106. Therefore, a target control value relating to a steering angle, a steering angular velocity, etc. necessary for the calculation is calculated.
- step S112 the control device 10 outputs the target control value to the in-vehicle device 200. Accordingly, the host vehicle V1 travels on the target route defined by the target lateral position.
- step S109 the control device 10 calculates a target vertical position along the route.
- step S110 the control device 10 compares the current vertical position of the host vehicle V1, the vehicle speed and acceleration / deceleration at the current position, the target vertical position corresponding to the current vertical position, and the vehicle speed and acceleration / deceleration at the target vertical position. Based on the result, a feedback gain related to the vertical position is calculated.
- step S111 the control device 10 calculates a target control value related to the vertical position based on the vehicle speed and acceleration / deceleration according to the target vertical position and the feedback gain of the vertical position calculated in step S110.
- the target control value in the vertical direction means the operation of a drive mechanism for realizing acceleration / deceleration and vehicle speed according to the target vertical position (in the case of an engine vehicle, the operation of an internal combustion engine, in the case of an electric vehicle system).
- the control function calculates a target intake air amount (target opening of the throttle valve) and a target fuel injection amount based on the current acceleration / deceleration and target vehicle speed values. This is sent to the driving device 80.
- the control function calculates the acceleration / deceleration and the vehicle speed, and sends them to the vehicle controller 70.
- the vehicle controller 70 operates the drive mechanism for realizing the acceleration / deceleration and the vehicle speed (in the case of an engine vehicle, an internal combustion engine). Control values for engine operation, electric motor operation in an electric vehicle system, and torque distribution between an internal combustion engine and an electric motor in a hybrid vehicle) and brake operation may be calculated.
- step S112 the control device 10 outputs the target control value in the vertical direction calculated in step S111 to the in-vehicle device 200.
- the vehicle controller 70 executes steering control and drive control, and causes the host vehicle to travel on a target route defined by the target lateral position and the target vertical position.
- the processing in steps S109 to S112 is repeated each time the target vertical position is acquired, similarly to steps S105 to S107 and S112 described above, and the control value for each of the acquired target horizontal positions is output to the in-vehicle device 200.
- step S ⁇ b> 113 the vehicle controller 70 executes operation control in accordance with a command from the control device 10.
- step S114 the control device 10 determines whether or not the driver has performed a steering operation or the like and whether or not the driver has intervened. If no driver operation is detected, the process returns to step S101 to repeat the setting of a new target area, calculation of the target route, and driving control. On the other hand, when the driver performs an operation, the process proceeds to step S115 to interrupt the operation control. When the operation control is interrupted, a notification to that effect is given to the occupant.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method of executing the operation plan in step S113 shown in FIG.
- step S201 the control device 10 determines whether or not the vicinity of the host vehicle is within the first region of the first map MP1. If it is within the first region, the process proceeds to step S202, and the forward prediction function is activated using the first map MP1. The forward prediction function is executed using the lane identification information of the first map MP1.
- step S203 the control device 10 notifies the occupant of the execution of the first operation control.
- the control device 10 executes the first operation control using the first map.
- step S201 if the vicinity of the host vehicle is not within the first area of the first map MP1, the process proceeds to step S205.
- step S205 it is determined whether or not the second operation control is possible. Whether the second driving control can be executed is based on whether the second map MP2 can be used, the road curvature is less than a predetermined value, the speed of other surrounding vehicles is less than a predetermined value, and the distance to the other vehicle is predetermined. Judgment is made based on the fact that the value is greater than or equal to. Further, the determination may be made based on whether or not the lane detection accuracy necessary for the lane keeping traveling satisfies a predetermined reliability. Proceeding to step S206, the forward prediction function using the first map MP1 is stopped. In step S207, the control device 10 notifies the occupant of the execution of the second operation control. In step S208, the control device 10 executes the second operation control using the second map.
- step S205 If it is determined in step S205 that the second operation control cannot be performed, the operation control function is determined to be stopped in step S209, and the passenger is notified in step S210.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the operation at the time of switching from the first operation control to the second operation control.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the process of step S208 of FIG.
- step 301 the control device 10 determines whether or not the distance from the second region is less than a predetermined value. The control device 10 monitors the approach to the boundary point between the first area and the second area. If the distance to the second region is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S307 and the first operation control is continued. In step S302, the control device 10 moves in advance to a lane where lane keeping is easy to perform in preparation for lane keeping operation control (second operation control) performed in the second region according to the operation plan.
- second operation control second operation control
- the lane where lane keeping is easy to perform is a lane on the center side where there is no junction or branch point and the vehicle speed of the traveling vehicle is stable.
- the control device 10 decelerates or accelerates the vehicle to a vehicle speed (target value) at which lane keeping can be easily performed.
- the target value is set based on the average speed of the driving lane.
- the control device 10 obtains a position in the lane where lane keeping is easy and guides the vehicle.
- the capital city where lane keeping is easy is the lane central area. Even if another vehicle approaches after execution of operation control, it can cope with the adjustment of the lateral position.
- step S305 the control device 10 reduces the control gain so that the driver's operation input is not rejected. It makes it easier for the driver to intervene when switching operation control where changes in the situation are expected.
- step S306 the control device 10 notifies the occupant via the output devices 30 and 110 that the first operation control is being executed. Although a change has occurred in the behavior of the vehicle, it is possible to reassure the occupant by reporting that the first operation control is being executed. Further, it may be notified that the first operation control is switched to the second operation control.
- the driving control method of the present embodiment sets the first driving control when traveling on the first route belonging to the first map MP1 in the route, and travels on the second route belonging to the second map MP2 in the route.
- a second driving control having an automatic driving level lower than that of the first driving control is set, and an driving plan for driving the vehicle to the destination with the set driving control content is made.
- operation control including a lane change operation with a high automatic driving level can be executed, but when the second map MP2 is used, the lane change operation cannot be executed. If no allowance is provided, the automatic operation is stopped as soon as the vehicle enters the second region, even though the automatic operation has been executed on the first route in the first region.
- the automatic operation level of the operation control when entering the second region from the first region, the automatic operation level of the operation control is lowered and the operation control is continued.
- the first route in the first region causes the vehicle to travel by automatic operation including lane change
- the second route in the second region causes the vehicle to travel by key plane operation control.
- the first driving control performed using the first map MP1 includes lane change driving control by automatic driving using the lane prediction result in the traveling direction of the vehicle.
- the operation control does not include lane change operation control. Since the contents of the first map MP1 and the first driving control are associated with each other and the contents of the second map MP2 and the second driving control are associated with each other, the driving with different automatic driving levels according to the change of the map to be referred to Control can be implemented.
- the second map MP2 is used, and the second driving control (key plane driving control) can be continued although the automatic driving level is low.
- an operation plan including a control change point at which the first operation control and the second operation control are switched is output using the output devices 30 and 110 before the execution of the operation plan is started.
- the occupant can confirm the switching point of the automatic driving control in the driving plan before starting driving.
- the operation plan can be smoothly executed by confirming in advance the point of inheritance of the driving initiative.
- the control change point at which the first driving control and the second driving control are switched is presented to the vehicle occupant when passing through a point a predetermined distance before the control change point. To do. Thereby, the occupant can confirm the switching point of the automatic driving control in the driving plan in front of it. Since it can be confirmed on the upstream side of the point that inherits the initiative of operation, the operation plan can be executed smoothly.
- the second operation control includes support for driving operation by the driver.
- Driver driving assistance includes assistance for steering operation, assistance for accelerator operation, and assistance for brake operation.
- the second operation control is performed. At that time, since the driving operation of the driver is supported, the load on the driver can be reduced.
- an operation plan including operation control for moving the vehicle to the central lane is made upstream of the control change point at which the first operation control and the second operation control are switched.
- the center side is the center line side and the opposite lane side.
- traffic flow is likely to change.
- the lane on the center side is often an overtaking lane or a high-speed lane, and traffic flow is less disturbed. Since the inter-vehicle distance also tends to be set longer, there is little influence from switching operation control.
- the driving control method moves the vehicle to the central lane where the traffic flow hardly changes in advance upstream of the driving control switching point in preparation for switching of the driving control. Thereby, the influence on the vehicle by switching of driving control can be suppressed. As a result, there is no change in the behavior of the vehicle when the driving control is switched.
- the driving control method of the present embodiment makes a driving plan including driving control for moving the vehicle to the central region of the lane when traveling at a control change point where the first driving control and the second driving control are switched. To do. By moving the vehicle to the center of the lane before switching the operation control, it is easy to cope with any behavior change in the vehicle. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the influence on the vehicle due to the switching of the driving control and to prepare for the behavior change.
- the driving control method of the present embodiment includes driving control including driving control in which the amount of change in the behavior of the vehicle is less than a predetermined value when traveling at a control change point for switching between the first driving control and the second driving control.
- driving control including driving control in which the amount of change in the behavior of the vehicle is less than a predetermined value when traveling at a control change point for switching between the first driving control and the second driving control.
- the driving control method of the present embodiment draws up a driving plan including driving control for lowering the control gain of the vehicle when traveling at a control change point for switching between the first driving control and the second driving control.
- driving control for lowering the control gain of the vehicle when traveling at a control change point for switching between the first driving control and the second driving control.
- the control gain is lowered to make it easier to accept the driver's operation intervention. Even if the driver suddenly steers the steering wheel, it is rejected without violating the driving control being executed (rejected). (Without) driver's operation command can be executed.
- the operation control method of the present embodiment creates an operation plan for executing switching between the first operation control and the second operation control on a lane having a predetermined curvature.
- an operation plan is created in which switching between the first operation control and the second operation control is executed on a lane where the number of vehicles existing within a predetermined distance is less than a predetermined value.
- a large number of vehicles existing within a predetermined distance means that there is a high possibility that other vehicles exist in the vicinity.
- the operation control device 100 When the operation control method of the embodiment is executed by the control device 10, the operation control device 100 has the same effect as the operation control method described above, and has the same effect.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態の車載装置200は、検出装置50と、センサ60と、車両コントローラ70と、駆動装置80と、操舵装置90と、出力装置110と、ナビゲーション装置120とを備える。車載装置200を構成する各装置は、相互に情報の授受を行うためにCAN(Controller Area Network)その他の車載LANによって接続されている。
検出装置50は、他車両などの対象物の存在及びその存在位置を検出する。特に限定されないが、本実施形態の検出装置50はカメラ51を含む。本実施形態のカメラ51は、例えばCCD等の撮像素子を備えるカメラである。本実施形態のカメラ51は自車両に設置され、自車両の周囲を撮像し、自車両の周囲に存在する対象車両を含む画像データを取得する。
ナビゲーション装置120の地図情報300は、後述する運転制御装置100が備える地図情報300と共通する。地図情報300は、ナビゲーション装置120に設けてもよいし、運転制御装置100に設けてもよい。地図情報300については後述する。
図1に示すように、本実施形態の運転制御装置100は、制御装置10と、通信装置20と、出力装置30とを備える。通信装置20は、車載装置200との情報の授受を行う。
本実施形態の地図情報300について説明する。
地図情報300は、第1地図MP1と第2地図MP2とを含む。第1地図MP1は、第2地図MP2よりも精度が高い地図である。第1地図MP1は走行レーンの識別情報を含み、第2地図MP1は走行レーンの識別情報を含まない。
第1地図MP1は、二次元情報と三次元情報を有する。第1地図MP1は、道路情報、道路属性情報、道路の上り/下り情報を有する。第1地図MP1は、単一の各レーンを特定する識別情報と、各レーンの接続先のレーンを識別する接続先レーン情報とを有する。レーンを特定する識別情報により、制御装置10は、将来走行するレーンを予測することができる。
人間の操作を求めることなく車両が自動的に経路を走行する高レベルの自動運転を行うためには、車両が将来走行する走行レーンについての正確な認知が必要である。自動運転を可能にする前方予測(認知)を正確に行うためには、高精度のデジタル地図情報(高精度地図、ダイナミックマップ)が必要である。つまり、高いレベルの自動運転を実行するためには、少なくともレーンを識別することが可能な第1地図MP1が必要となる。
図2は、自動運転レベルが低い運転制御として、4)レーンキープ運転制御を示す。レーンキープ運転制御は、現在走行中のレーンを逸脱しないように車両の横位置を制御する。この運転制御は、将来走行する車両の前方を正確に推測するというレベルの認知を必要としない。このため、この運転制御は、高精度地図情報である第1地図MP1を必要とせずに、第2地図MP2を用いて実行可能である。なお、5)ドライバによる運転支援を行うための制御は、ドライバの操作をアシストするものであり、ドライバの操作を前提とする。自動運転レベルが最も低い運転制御として位置付けることができる。
自動運転において、制御装置10は、少なくともレーンごとの識別情報を含む高精度地図である第1地図MP1を用いて車両の位置を推定し、車両の走行レーン、車両の将来の走行レーンを判断し、走行レーンにおける障害物や走行路の状況を判断し、状況に応じて車両の横位置(操舵・操舵量・操舵速度)と車両の縦位置(アクセル・ブレーキの操作・操作量・操作速度)を制御することにより、自動運転を実行する。
技術的に簡易な(自動運転レベルの低い)レーンキープ運転制御は、第1地図MP1及び第2地図MP2のいずれを用いても実行可能である。また、第1地図MP1及び第2地図MP2のいずれを用いた場合であっても、ドライバの意思に基づく運転を支援する(ドライバが運転操作を決定し、操作を補助する)モードは、実行可能である。
制御装置10は、車両の目的地を取得する。目的地は乗員の入力により特定されてもよいし、過去の履歴に基づいて運転制御装置100が指定してもよい。
制御装置10は、第1地図MP1及び/又は第2地図MP2を参照して、車両の現在位置から目的地に至る経路を算出する。経路の演算は出願時に知られた経路探索手法を用いる。
第1地図MP1を使用したときには、自動運転レベルの高い、レーンチェンジ運転を含む運転制御を実行することができるが、第2地図MP2を使用したときには、レーンチェンジ運転は実行できない。何も手当をしなければ、第1領域内の第1経路では自動運転を実行していたにもかかわらず、第2領域に進入した途端に自動運転が中止される。制御装置10は、第1領域から第2領域に進入したときには、運転制御の自動運転レベルを低くして、運転制御を継続させる。例えば、第1領域の第1経路はレーンチェンジ運転制御、合流・分岐運転制御、及び交差点通過運転制御を含む自動運転の何れかの運転制御に基づいて車両を走行させ、第2領域の第2経路はレーンチェンジ運転制御を含まない運転制御で車両を走行させる。具体的には、第1領域の第1経路はレーンチェンジを含む自動運転で車両を走行させ、第2領域の第2経路はキープレーン運転制御で車両を走行させる。予め切り替える運転制御を定義しておくことで、運転制御が突然中止されることを防止できる。自動運転レベルは下がるものの、運転制御は継続されるので、乗員の負担を軽減できる。
具体的に、制御装置10は、第1運転制御と第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点の上流側において、車両を中央側のレーンに移動させる運転制御を含む運転計画を立案する。中央側とはセンターライン側であり、対向車線側である。複数のレーンを含む道路においては、道路の左右端側(中央側とは反対側)において他の車線の合流・分岐が起こる可能性が高い。交通流に変化が生じやすいレーンにおいて運転制御を切り替えることは好ましくない。中央側のレーンは追い越し車線又は高速車線とされることが多く、交通流に乱れが少ない。車間距離も長めに設定される傾向があるので、運転制御の切り替えによる影響が少ない。他方、左右端側のレーンは分岐や右左折をする車両が走行し、路肩に駐車する車両もあり、走行速度が低く、車間距離が短くなる傾向があるので、運転制御の切り替えによる影響が大きい可能性がある。このため、制御装置10は、運転制御の切り替えに備えて、運転制御切り替え地点よりも上流側において、予め交通流に変化が生じにくい中央側のレーンに車両を移動させる。これにより、運転制御の切り替えによる車両への影響を抑えることができる。
ステップS113において、車両コントローラ70は、制御装置10の指令に従い運転制御を実行する。
ステップS201において、制御装置10は、自車両近傍が第1地図MP1の第1領域内であるか否かを判断する。第1領域内であれば、ステップS202に進み、第1地図MP1を用いて前方予測機能を起動する。前方予測機能は第1地図MP1のレーン識別情報を用いて実行される。ステップS203において、制御装置10は、第1運転制御の実行を乗員に予告する。ステップS204において、制御装置10は、第1地図を用いた第1運転制御を実行する。
図7は、図6のステップS208の処理の一例を示す。
制御装置10は、ステップS302において、運転計画に従い、第2領域において行われるレーンキープ運転制御(第2運転制御)に備え、レーンキープを実施しやすい車線に予め移動する。レーンキープが実施しやすい車線とは、合流・分岐点などが無く、走行車両の車速が安定している中央側の車線である。続いて、ステップS303において、制御装置10は、レーンキープが実施しやすい車速(目標値)に車両を減速又は加速する。目標値は走行レーンの平均速度に基づいて設定する。ステップS304において、制御装置10は、レーンキープがしやすい車線内位置を求め、車両を誘導する。レーンキープがしやすい位置都はレーン中央領域である。運転制御の実行後に、他車両が接近しても横位置の調整に対応できる。ステップS305において、制御装置10は、ドライバの操作入力が拒絶されないように、制御ゲインを低下させる。状況の変化が予測される運転制御の切り替え時に、ドライバが操作介入しやすくする。ステップS306において、制御装置10は、第1運転制御を実行中であることを、出力装置30,110を介して乗員に通知する。車両の挙動に変化が発生しているが、第1運転制御が実行中であることを伝えて、乗員を安心させることができる。また、第1運転制御から第2運転制御に切り替えられることを予告してもよい。
第1地図MP1を使用したときには、自動運転レベルの高い、レーンチェンジ運転を含む運転制御を実行することができるが、第2地図MP2を使用したときには、レーンチェンジ運転は実行できない。何も手当をしなければ、第1領域内の第1経路では自動運転を実行していたにもかかわらず、第2領域に進入した途端に自動運転が中止される。本実施形態の運転制御方法は、第1領域から第2領域に進入したときには、運転制御の自動運転レベルを低くして、運転制御を継続させる。第1領域の第1経路はレーンチェンジを含む自動運転で車両を走行させ、第2領域の第2経路はキープレーン運転制御で車両を走行させる。予め切り替える運転制御を定義しておくことで、運転制御が突然中止されることを防止できる。自動運転レベルは下がるものの、運転制御は継続されるので、乗員の負担を軽減できる。
100…運転制御装置
10…制御装置
11…CPU
12…ROM
300…地図情報
MP1…第1地図
MP2…第2地図
13…RAM
20…通信装置
30…出力装置
31…ディスプレイ
32…スピーカ
200…車載装置
40…通信装置
50…検出装置
51…カメラ
52…レーダー装置
60…センサ
61…操舵角センサ
62…車速センサ
70…車両コントローラ
80…駆動装置
81…制動装置
90…操舵装置
110…出力装置
111…ディスプレイ
112…スピーカ
120…ナビゲーション装置
121…位置検出装置
123…地図情報
MP1…第1地図
MP2…第2地図
Claims (13)
- 車両の目的地を取得し、
走行レーンの識別情報を含む第1地図と、前記走行レーンの識別情報を含まない第2地図とを有する地図情報を参照し、
前記車両の現在位置から目的地に至る経路を算出し、
前記経路のうち前記第1地図に属する第1経路を走行するときには第1運転制御を設定し、前記経路のうち前記第2地図に属する第2経路を走行するときには前記第1運転制御よりも自動運転レベルが低い第2運転制御を設定し、
前記設定した運転制御の内容で前記車両に前記経路を走行させる運転計画を立案し、
前記車両のコントローラに送出する運転制御方法。 - 前記第1運転制御は、前記車両の進行方向のレーン予測結果を用いた自動運転によるレーンチェンジ運転制御を含み、
前記第2運転制御は、前記レーンチェンジ運転制御を含まない請求項1に記載の運転制御方法。 - 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点を含む前記運転計画を、当該運転計画の実行開始前に前記車両の乗員に提示する請求項1又は2に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点を、当該制御変更地点よりも所定距離手前の地点を通過するときに前記車両の乗員に提示する請求項1又は2に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第2運転制御は、ドライバによる運転の支援を含む請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点の上流側において、前記車両を中央側のレーンに移動させる運転制御を含む前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる前記制御変更地点を走行するときに、前記車両をレーンの中央領域に移動させる運転制御を含む前記運転計画を立案する請求項6に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点を走行する際に、前記車両の速度を目標値とする運転制御を含む前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点を走行する際に、前記車両の挙動の変化量を所定値未満とする運転制御を含む前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御とが切り替わる制御変更地点を走行する際に、前記車両の制御ゲインを低くする運転制御を含む前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御との切り替えは、所定曲率未満のレーン上において実行させる前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~10の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 前記第1運転制御と前記第2運転制御との切り替えは、所定距離内に存在する他車両の台数が所定値未満のレーン上において実行させる前記運転計画を立案する請求項1~11の何れか一項に記載の運転制御方法。
- 運転計画を立案し、前記運転計画を車両のコントローラに実行させる制御装置を備える運転制御装置であって、
前記制御装置は、
前記車両の目的地を取得し、
走行レーンの識別情報を含む第1地図と、前記走行レーンの識別情報を含まない第2地図とを有する地図情報を参照し、
前記車両の現在位置から目的地に至る経路を算出し、
前記経路のうち前記第1地図に属する第1経路を走行するときには第1運転制御を設定し、前記経路のうち前記第2地図に属する第2経路を走行するときには前記第1運転制御よりも自動運転レベルが低い第2運転制御を設定し、
前記設定した運転制御の内容で前記車両に前記経路を走行させる前記運転計画を立案し、
前記車両のコントローラに送出する運転制御装置。
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EP3929535A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Location estimating device, computer program for location estimation and location estimating method |
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JP7427700B2 (ja) | 2022-03-25 | 2024-02-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 制御装置及び制御方法 |
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JP6721118B2 (ja) | 2020-07-08 |
RU2727907C1 (ru) | 2020-07-24 |
EP3611469A4 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
EP3611469B1 (en) | 2022-11-23 |
EP3611469A1 (en) | 2020-02-19 |
KR20190132664A (ko) | 2019-11-28 |
CN110546461B (zh) | 2022-05-03 |
US20200110422A1 (en) | 2020-04-09 |
MX2019012074A (es) | 2019-12-05 |
US11731665B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
CN110546461A (zh) | 2019-12-06 |
CA3059862A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
BR112019021498B1 (pt) | 2023-02-14 |
BR112019021498A2 (pt) | 2020-05-12 |
JPWO2018189843A1 (ja) | 2020-02-27 |
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