WO2018171050A1 - 基于薯类淀粉的3d打印材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

基于薯类淀粉的3d打印材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2018171050A1
WO2018171050A1 PCT/CN2017/087404 CN2017087404W WO2018171050A1 WO 2018171050 A1 WO2018171050 A1 WO 2018171050A1 CN 2017087404 W CN2017087404 W CN 2017087404W WO 2018171050 A1 WO2018171050 A1 WO 2018171050A1
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potato starch
printing
preparing
butter
printing material
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PCT/CN2017/087404
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周泉城
苏新勇
冯传兴
王琪
李慧
李娜
高知阳
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山东理工大学
淄博熠盛食品科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018171050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171050A1/zh

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing food processing, in particular to a method for preparing a 3D printing material based on potato starch.
  • 3D printing refers to the technology of designing a 3D model by using computer software to create a three-dimensional product by layer-by-layer addition of materials through a 3D printer.
  • 3D printing materials are the material basis of 3D printing, and the development of materials determines the application prospect of 3D printing.
  • Currently widely used 3D printing materials are mainly plastic, metal, ceramic, resin, gypsum, artificial bone powder, cell biological raw materials.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a 3D printing material based on potato starch.
  • the 3D printing material has a simple composition and a simple preparation method, and the printed product is well formed, the shape is realistic, the stacking limit is not obvious, and the fusion is good, suitable for Various subsequent processing of food.
  • the method for preparing a potato starch-based 3D printing material according to the present invention is that the material is mixed by potato starch, protein, water, butter, gelatinized, tanning, 3D printing; wherein, each component The weight percentage is 23-61% of potato starch, 4-12% of butter, 0.5-8% of protein, and 26.4-65% of water.
  • the potato starch includes one or more of potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, taro starch or konjac starch.
  • the protein is one or more of pea protein or soy protein.
  • the butter is unsalted butter.
  • the 3D printing material additionally includes one or more of a coloring agent, a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a flavoring agent, a flavoring agent, or a flavoring agent, and the proportion of addition is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the preparation method of the potato starch-based 3D printing material comprises the following steps:
  • the gelatinization temperature is 56 to 83 °C.
  • the water bath heating temperature is 56 to 83 °C.
  • the printed printed matter is used directly or after subsequent processing.
  • the printed matter includes materials such as a food model, props, teaching aids, sand tables or food ingredients; and subsequent processing includes one or more of cooking, baking, frying, baking methods, and the like.
  • the method for preparing the potato starch-based 3D printing material according to the present invention is to add water to the well-mixed potato starch and protein, and stir well under heating in a water bath. When the mixture is completely gelatinized, the melt is added. The butter is evenly stirred and then kneaded into a dough. The obtained material can be used for printing on a 3D printer, and can also be processed for food processing after printing. In addition, after the crucible is made into a dough, no particulate matter exists in the mass.
  • the protein of the invention can reduce the adhesion of the starch starch after gelatinization, so that the material does not adhere to the printer nozzle during the printing process, and the printer nozzle is kept clean, and the butter can increase the lubricity of the 3D printing material. Make the printing process smoother while giving the print a good smell and flavor.
  • the potato starch is gelatinized, the small molecular starch produced by the gelatinization of the protein and the potato starch cross-links to form a gel with excellent mechanical properties with good elasticity and plasticity.
  • the interaction with the butter interacts, that is, the gel adheres to the sponge-like structure of the butter to form a material with high elasticity, high toughness, strong plasticity, and high mechanical strength, which is synergistically formed to meet 3D printing requirements and subsequent foods.
  • the printing material required by the processing method.
  • the invention has few kinds of components, good synergistic effect, low cost, simple processing method, easy operation, no special equipment, friendly operation environment and no pollution; at the same time, the invention avoids additives such as thickeners and emulsifiers which change food structure. usage of, The safety of the materials and the health of the human body are guaranteed.
  • the printed matter of the invention is well formed, the shape is realistic, the stacking limit is not obvious, and the fusion is good, and is suitable for various subsequent processing of food.
  • the invention can be used as a raw material for a 3D printer, and can print any shape of ingredients or models, props, sand tables, etc., and the printed matter can continue to be processed by cooking, baking, frying, etc., and expands the application range of the plasticine 3D printer.
  • Fig. 1 is a graph showing the performance test of a potato starch-based 3D printing material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the potato starch before and after gelatinization in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a printed matter prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the components are as follows: potato starch 45%, pea protein 1%, water 45%, butter 9%.
  • the printed printed matter is used directly or after subsequent processing.
  • the printed matter includes a food model, an prop, a teaching aid, a sand table or a food ingredient; and the subsequent processing includes one or more of cooking, baking, frying, and baking methods.
  • starch When water is at room temperature (25 °C), starch absorbs limited water. The volume of starch granules only undergoes limited expansion, the crystal structure is not affected, the whole is scattered, and the hardness is low, which is not suitable for 3D printing. When the water is 67 ° C, the starch gelatinization temperature is reached, the starch granules rapidly absorb water and swell, the volume suddenly increases, and the viscosity rises. The gelatinized starch participates in agglomeration with its own strong viscosity, and the hardness is improved, which is suitable for 3D printing. When the water is 100 ° C, the hardness is the largest, but the plasticity is the worst. Adding pea protein at 67 °C has no effect on hardness, but it can increase nutrients.
  • Adhesion and cohesion Adhesion > cohesive at 25 ° C, the material will adhere to the printer nozzle, not easy to 3D printing. At 67 ° C, cohesiveness > adhesion, the material will not adhere to the printer nozzle, easy 3D printing, keeping the printer nozzle clean. At 67 ° C, the viscosity is suitable for 3D printing, which is not too sticky and sticks to the nozzle, and can be well stacked. Adding pea protein at 67 ° C reduces the adhesion to a level more suitable for extrusion.
  • Shear force When the water is at room temperature (25 ° C), the starch absorbs limited water, the volume of the starch granules only undergoes limited expansion, the crystal structure is not affected, the whole is scattered, and the shear resistance is weak.
  • the starch gelatinization temperature When the water is 67 ° C, the starch gelatinization temperature is reached, the starch granules rapidly absorb water and swell, the volume suddenly increases, and the viscosity increases.
  • the gelatinized starch participates in agglomeration with its own strong viscosity, and the shear resistance is improved. When the water is 100 ° C, the shear resistance is the strongest, but the plasticity is the worst.
  • potato starch granules are ellipsoids with smooth surface and no obvious difference at both ends, while the surface of the gelatinized potato starch granules appears rough and the starch granules cross each other. This cross-linking increases the starch. Agglomeration and resistance to breakage.
  • the left panel in Figure 2 is a scanning electron micrograph before potato starch gelatinization, and the right panel in Figure 2 is a scanning electron micrograph after potato starch gelatinization.
  • the 3D printing material of the present invention is suitable as a raw material for a 3D printer.
  • the components are as follows: 23% sweet potato starch, 8% pea protein, 65% water, and 4% butter.
  • the components are as follows: sweet potato starch 61%, pea protein 0.6%, water 26.4%, butter 12%.
  • the components are as follows: tapioca starch 45%, pea protein 4%, water 47%, butter 4%.
  • the components are as follows: potato starch 45%, soy protein 0.5%, water 45%, butter 9.5%; finally add 0.2% of the total mass of the above raw materials, annatto orange.
  • the components are as follows: 45% potato starch, 1% pea protein, 45% water, 9% butter, and finally lemon flavor which accounts for 0.3% of the total mass of the above raw materials.

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Abstract

一种基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,所述材料由薯类淀粉、蛋白、水、黄油经混料、糊化、揉制、3D打印成型;其中,各组分的重量百分比为:薯类淀粉23~61%,黄油4~12%,蛋白0.5~8%,水26.4~65%。打印物成型好,造型逼真,层叠界限不明显,熔合好,适合于食品的后续加工。所述打印材料作为3D打印机原料,可打印任何造型的食材或模型、道具、沙盘等,打印物也可以继续蒸煮、烘焙、煎炸等加工,拓展了橡皮泥3D打印机的应用范围。

Description

基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法。
背景技术
三维快速成型打印,简称3D打印,是指利用计算机软件设计3D模型,通过3D打印机逐层增加材料来制造三维产品的技术。3D打印材料是3D打印的物质基础,材料的发展决定着3D打印的应用前景。目前应用广泛的3D打印材料主要是塑料、金属、陶瓷、树脂、石膏、人造骨粉、细胞生物原料等。
近年来,3D打印技术在食品领域也有一定的发展,但食品类3D打印材料却较匮乏。主要原因在于食品原料独特的原料特性导致其造型难,3D打印后需满足直接食用或可进一步加工的要求高,加工后造型的持久性能差等等。增稠剂、乳化剂、凝固剂、粘结剂等改善组织结构的添加剂可以改变3D打印原料的结构、质构和流变学特性,其添加不被消费者认可和接受。目前,较成熟的食品类3D打印材料主要是巧克力粉,糖粉或面团等原料。食品类3D打印材料的缺乏成为制约3D打印技术在食品领域快速发展的瓶颈。因此,开发食品类3D打印材料变得越来越迫切。
薯类淀粉作为3D打印材料目前已有报道,但该方法在技术、配料、加工及应用领域等方面存在着诸多问题。一是配方组分多,加工操作复杂;二是打印物造型持久性能差,精度低,机械强度低,不能支撑多层打印;三是后续加工手段单一,且加工中物质营养、品质损失大,变形严重。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,该3D打印材料组成简单,制备方法简单,打印出的产品成型好,造型逼真,层叠界限不明显,熔合好,适合于食品的各种后续加工。
本发明所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法是,该材料由薯类淀粉、蛋白、水、黄油经混料、糊化、揉制、3D打印成型;其中,各组分的重量百分比为:薯类淀粉23~61%,黄油4~12%,蛋白0.5~8%,水26.4~65%。
其中:
所述薯类淀粉包括马铃薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、木薯淀粉、地瓜淀粉、芋头淀粉或魔芋淀粉中的一种或多种。
所述蛋白为豌豆蛋白或大豆蛋白中的一种或多种。
所述黄油为无盐黄油。
所述3D打印材料外加包括着色剂、染色剂、滋味剂、调味剂、赋香剂或增香剂中的一种或多种,添加比例为本领域技术人员的公知常识。
所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方量准备原料;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将薯类淀粉与蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将水加入步骤(3)所述的薯类淀粉与蛋白的混合料中,进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型。
其中:
步骤(4)中,糊化温度为56~83℃。
步骤(5)中,水浴加热温度为56~83℃。
打印时,优选采用打印橡皮泥类型物料的3D打印机,也可以采用普通食品类3D打印机。
打印成型的打印物直接使用或经后续加工后食用。打印物包括食材模型、道具、教具、沙盘或食品配料等材料;后续加工包括蒸煮、烘焙、煎炸、烘烤方法等中的一种或多种。
本发明所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法是,将水加入充分混匀的薯类淀粉与蛋白中,水浴加热下充分搅拌,待混合料糊化完全时,加入熔化好的黄油,搅拌均匀后将其揉制成团,得到的物料即可用于3D打印机打印,亦可打印后进行食品加工。另外,揉制成团后,团内无颗粒状物质存在。
本发明所述的蛋白可降低糊化后薯类淀粉的粘附性,使材料在打印过程中不会粘附在打印机喷头内,保持打印机喷头的清洁,黄油可以增加3D打印材料的润滑性,使打印过程更加顺畅,同时赋予打印物良好的气味和风味。此外,更重要的是,在薯类淀粉糊化时,蛋白和薯类淀粉糊化产生的小分子淀粉发生交联作用,形成具有较好弹性、可塑性的力学性能优良的凝胶,此凝胶与黄油结合发生交互作用,即凝胶附着在黄油的海绵状结构上,形成弹性高、韧性大、可塑性强、机械强度大的网状支撑小分子的材料,协同形成满足3D打印要求和后续食品加工方法要求的打印材料。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明组分种类少,协同效果好,成本低,加工方法简便,易操作,无需特殊设备,操作环境友好、无污染;同时,本发明避免了增稠剂、乳化剂等改变食品结构的添加剂的使用, 保证了材料的安全和人体的健康。
本发明打印物成型好,造型逼真,层叠界限不明显,熔合好,适合于食品的各种后续加工。本发明作为3D打印机原料,可打印任何造型的食材或模型、道具、沙盘等,打印物也可以继续蒸煮、烘焙、煎炸等加工,拓展了橡皮泥3D打印机的应用范围。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1制备的基于马铃薯淀粉的3D打印材料的性能测试图。
图2是本发明实施例1中马铃薯淀粉糊化前后的扫描电镜图。
图3是本发明实施例1制备的打印物。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:马铃薯淀粉45%,豌豆蛋白1%,水45%,黄油9%。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取马铃薯淀粉、豌豆蛋白、水、黄油;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将马铃薯淀粉与蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将67℃的水加入到步骤(3)的马铃薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白的混合料中,于67℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,67℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用:
打印成型的打印物直接使用或经后续加工后食用。打印物包括食材模型、道具、教具、沙盘或食品配料;后续加工包括蒸煮、烘焙、煎炸、烘烤方法中的一种或多种。
四、性能测试:
硬度:水为常温(25℃)时,淀粉吸收有限的水分,淀粉颗粒的体积只发生有限的膨胀,结晶结构没有受到影响,整体较散,硬度较低,不适合3D打印。水为67℃时,达到淀粉糊化温度,淀粉颗粒迅速吸水膨胀,体积突然增加,粘度上升,糊化淀粉以自身很强的黏性参与成团,硬度提高,适合3D打印。水为100℃时,硬度最大,但可塑性最差。67℃加入豌豆蛋白,对硬度并没有什么影响,但却可以增加营养成分。
酥脆性:67℃时,淀粉充分糊化,内聚力增强,材料抗破碎能力提升,挤压出丝时不容 易挤散。100℃时,虽然面团的抗破碎能力增强,但是其硬度已经超出可打印范围,可塑性太差,所以不适合3D打印。
粘附性和内聚性:25℃时,粘附性>内聚性,材料会粘附在打印机喷头上,不易3D打印。67℃时,内聚性>粘附性,材料不会粘附在打印机喷头内,容易3D打印,可保持打印机喷头洁净。67℃时,粘度适合3D打印,既不会因为太粘而粘在喷头上,又可以很好的堆叠成型。67℃时加豌豆蛋白使其粘附性降低到更适合挤压出丝的程度。
剪切力:水为常温(25℃)时,淀粉吸收有限的水分,淀粉颗粒的体积只发生有限的膨胀,结晶结构没有受到影响,整体较散,抗剪切能力较弱。水为67℃时,达到淀粉糊化温度,淀粉颗粒迅速吸水膨胀,体积突然增加,粘度上升,糊化淀粉以自身很强的黏性参与成团,抗剪切能力提高。水为100℃时,抗剪切力最强,但可塑性最差。
硬度、酥脆性、粘附性和内聚性、剪切力数据具体见图1。
扫描电镜:马铃薯淀粉颗粒是表面光滑、两端没有明显差异的椭球体,而经糊化后的马铃薯淀粉颗粒表面显得粗糙,且淀粉颗粒之间互相交联,这种交联作用增加了淀粉的成团性和抗破碎能力。图2中的左图是马铃薯淀粉糊化前的扫描电镜图,图2中的右图是马铃薯淀粉糊化后的扫描电镜图。
综上所述,本发明的3D打印材料适合作为3D打印机的原料。
实施例2
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:地瓜淀粉23%,豌豆蛋白8%,水65%,黄油4%。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取地瓜淀粉、豌豆蛋白、水、黄油;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将地瓜淀粉与蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将83℃的水加入到步骤(3)的地瓜淀粉与豌豆蛋白的混合料中,于83℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,83℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用如实施例1。
实施例3
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:红薯淀粉61%,豌豆蛋白0.6%,水26.4%,黄油12%。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取红薯淀粉、豌豆蛋白、水、黄油;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将红薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将83℃的水加入到步骤(3)的红薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白的混合料中,于83℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,83℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用如实施例1。
实施例4
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:木薯淀粉45%,豌豆蛋白4%,水47%,黄油4%。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取木薯淀粉、豌豆蛋白、水、黄油;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将木薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将75℃的水加入到步骤(3)的木薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白的混合料中,于75℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,75℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用如实施例1。
实施例5
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:马铃薯淀粉45%,大豆蛋白0.5%,水45%,黄油9.5%;最后外加占上述原料总质量0.2%的胭脂树橙色素。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取马铃薯淀粉、大豆蛋白、水、黄油、胭脂树橙色素;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将马铃薯淀粉与大豆蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将胭脂树橙色素溶解于67℃的水中,再将溶解有胭脂树橙色素的水加入到步骤(3)的马铃薯淀粉与大豆蛋白的混合料中,于67℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,67℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用如实施例1。
实施例6
一、以质量百分含量计,各组分按照如下配比:马铃薯淀粉45%,豌豆蛋白1%,水45%,黄油9%,最后外加占上述原料总质量0.3%的柠檬香精。
二、制备方法:
(1)按以上比例称取马铃薯淀粉、豌豆蛋白、水、黄油、柠檬香精;
(2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
(3)将马铃薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白充分混匀;
(4)将柠檬香精溶解于67℃的水中,再将溶解有柠檬香精的水加入到步骤(3)的马铃薯淀粉与豌豆蛋白的混合料中,于67℃下进行糊化;
(5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,67℃水浴加热;
(6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型为打印物。
三、应用如实施例1。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:该材料由薯类淀粉、蛋白、水、黄油经混料、糊化、揉制、3D打印成型;其中,各组分的重量百分比为:薯类淀粉23~61%,黄油4~12%,蛋白0.5~8%,水26.4~65%。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述薯类淀粉包括马铃薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、木薯淀粉、地瓜淀粉、芋头淀粉或魔芋淀粉中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述蛋白为豌豆蛋白或大豆蛋白中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述黄油为无盐黄油。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述3D打印材料外加包括着色剂、染色剂、滋味剂、调味剂、赋香剂或增香剂中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
    (1)按配方量准备原料;
    (2)将黄油加热,熔化,备用;
    (3)将薯类淀粉与蛋白充分混匀;
    (4)将水加入步骤(3)所述的薯类淀粉与蛋白的混合料中,进行糊化;
    (5)将步骤(2)的黄油加入到步骤(4)糊化后的混合料中,水浴加热;
    (6)搅拌均匀,将其揉制成团,3D打印成型。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,糊化温度为56~83℃;步骤(5)中,水浴加热温度为56~83℃。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:打印时,采用打印橡皮泥类型物料的3D打印机。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:打印成型的打印物直接使用或经后续加工后食用。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的基于薯类淀粉的3D打印材料的制备方法,其特征在于:打印物包括食材模型、道具、教具、沙盘或食品配料;后续加工包括蒸煮、烘焙、煎炸、烘烤方法中的一种或多种。
PCT/CN2017/087404 2017-03-22 2017-06-07 基于薯类淀粉的3d打印材料的制备方法 WO2018171050A1 (zh)

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CN106666800A (zh) * 2017-03-22 2017-05-17 山东理工大学 基于薯类淀粉的3d打印材料的制备方法
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