WO2018159018A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents

半導体装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018159018A1
WO2018159018A1 PCT/JP2017/039806 JP2017039806W WO2018159018A1 WO 2018159018 A1 WO2018159018 A1 WO 2018159018A1 JP 2017039806 W JP2017039806 W JP 2017039806W WO 2018159018 A1 WO2018159018 A1 WO 2018159018A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
source
gate
terminal
semiconductor chip
pad
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PCT/JP2017/039806
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
築野 孝
Original Assignee
住友電気工業株式会社
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Application filed by 住友電気工業株式会社 filed Critical 住友電気工業株式会社
Priority to US16/488,665 priority Critical patent/US20200111727A1/en
Priority to JP2019502456A priority patent/JPWO2018159018A1/ja
Publication of WO2018159018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018159018A1/ja

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    • H01L24/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/44Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L24/45Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/73Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L24/10, H01L24/18, H01L24/26, H01L24/34, H01L24/42, H01L24/50, H01L24/63, H01L24/71
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/16Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • H01L29/1608Silicon carbide
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/20Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L29/2003Nitride compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/102Material of the semiconductor or solid state bodies
    • H01L2924/1025Semiconducting materials
    • H01L2924/1026Compound semiconductors
    • H01L2924/1027IV
    • H01L2924/10272Silicon Carbide [SiC]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/102Material of the semiconductor or solid state bodies
    • H01L2924/1025Semiconducting materials
    • H01L2924/1026Compound semiconductors
    • H01L2924/1032III-V
    • H01L2924/1033Gallium nitride [GaN]
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    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11Device type
    • H01L2924/13Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1304Transistor
    • H01L2924/1306Field-effect transistor [FET]
    • H01L2924/13091Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/15Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/181Encapsulation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a semiconductor device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power semiconductor device in which the aspect ratio of a power semiconductor element is 1.5 or more, the number of wires for extracting a main current from a source electrode is 14 or more, and the directions are distributed in two different directions. It is disclosed.
  • a semiconductor device is a packaged semiconductor device, a die pad, a substrate having a drain terminal extending in one direction from the die pad in a top view, drain terminals on both sides of the drain terminal, and A gate terminal and a source terminal are provided to extend in one direction in parallel.
  • the semiconductor device has a semiconductor chip having a rectangular shape, a short side being parallel to the drain terminal, and a center of gravity being closer to the source terminal than the gate terminal.
  • a gate pad is disposed on the gate terminal side of the upper surface of the semiconductor chip.
  • a plurality of source pads are arranged from the source terminal side of the semiconductor chip toward the gate terminal side.
  • the gate pad and the gate terminal are connected by a gate wire, and the plurality of source pads and the source terminal are connected by a plurality of source wires.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view showing an example of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the semiconductor chip of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the back electromotive force generated when the MOS transistor is switching-driven.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a connection state between a source terminal and a source pad of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • a semiconductor device is a packaged semiconductor device, and includes a die pad, a substrate having a drain terminal extending in one direction from the die pad in a top view, and both sides of the drain terminal.
  • a gate terminal and a source terminal extending in one direction in parallel with the drain terminal, and having a rectangular shape with a short side parallel to the drain terminal and a center of gravity from the gate terminal to the source terminal
  • the inductance of the source wire By reducing the inductance of the source wire, the back electromotive force generated between the gate and the source at the time of switching of the semiconductor device can be reduced, and the switching speed can be increased.
  • At least one of the plurality of source wires is shorter than the gate wire.
  • Two or more of the plurality of source wires are shorter than the gate wires.
  • the semiconductor chip is a wide gap semiconductor chip.
  • the present embodiment an embodiment of the present disclosure (hereinafter referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment includes a substrate 10, a gate terminal 20, a source terminal 30, a semiconductor chip 40, a gate pad 50, a source pad 60, a gate wire 70, and a source wire 80. And a package 100.
  • the substrate 10 has a die pad 11 and a drain terminal 12.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 is mounted on the die pad 11 of the substrate 10.
  • a gate pad 50 provided on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40 and the gate terminal 20 are connected by a gate wire 70, and a plurality of source pads 60 are connected to the source terminal 30 by a plurality of source wires 80.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 and the die pad 11 are entirely sealed by the package 100, and the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12, and the source terminal 30 are exposed from the package 100.
  • the substrate 10 is a metal substrate for mounting the semiconductor chip 40 on the surface.
  • the substrate 10 includes a die pad 11 that is a region on which the semiconductor chip 40 is mounted, and a drain terminal 12 that extends from the die pad 11 in one direction in a top view.
  • a semiconductor chip 40 having a structure in which a gate and a source are disposed on the upper surface and a drain is disposed on the lower surface is mounted on the substrate 10. Therefore, the substrate 10 has the drain terminal 12 that extends directly from the die pad 11 and plays a role of drawing out the drain terminal 12 electrically connected to the drain on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 40.
  • the drain terminal 12 only needs to extend in one direction when viewed from above, and may be bent in the vertical direction.
  • the drain terminal 12 may be bent upward from below.
  • the die pad 11 may be of any shape and size as long as the semiconductor chip 40 can be mounted on the surface.
  • substrate 10 is formed from a metal material with high electroconductivity, for example, may be comprised with copper or a copper alloy.
  • the gate terminal 20 is electrically connected to a gate pad 50 provided on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40, and functions as a control terminal for enabling voltage application from the outside of the package 100 to the gate of the semiconductor chip 40.
  • the gate pad 50 and the gate terminal 20 are electrically connected via the gate wire 70.
  • the gate terminal 20 has a gate wire connection portion 21 in an end region on the die pad 10 side in the package 100.
  • the gate wire connection portion 21 is a portion to which the gate wire 70 is connected, and is provided in a region close to the die pad 10 in a portion of the gate terminal 20 in the package 100.
  • One end of the gate wire 70 is connected to the gate pad 50 and the other end is connected to the gate wire connecting portion 21, thereby electrically connecting the gate pad 50 and the gate terminal 20.
  • the gate terminal 20 is provided apart from the die pad 10 and the drain terminal 12 and is also electrically insulated.
  • the gate terminal 20 is provided in parallel with the drain terminal 12 along the extending direction of the drain terminal 12.
  • the gate terminal 20 is also made of a highly conductive metal material.
  • the gate terminal 20 may be formed from the same material as the drain terminal 12, and may be formed from, for example, copper or a copper alloy.
  • the source terminal 30 is electrically connected to a plurality of source pads 60 provided on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40, and functions as an external terminal for extracting the source current output from the source of the semiconductor chip 40 to the outside of the package 100. To do.
  • the plurality of source pads 60 and the source terminals 30 are electrically connected to each other via a plurality of source wires 80.
  • the source terminal 30 also has a source wire connection portion 31 in an end region on the die pad 10 side in the package 100.
  • the source wire connecting portion 31 is a portion to which the source wire 80 is connected, and is provided in a region close to the die pad 10 in a portion of the source terminal 30 in the package 100.
  • One end of each source wire 80 is connected to the source pad 60, and the other end is connected to the source wire connection portion 31, thereby electrically connecting each source pad 60 and the source terminal 30.
  • the source terminal 30 is also provided apart from the die pad 10 and the drain terminal 12, and is also electrically insulated.
  • the source terminal 30 is also provided in parallel with the drain terminal 12 along the extending direction of the drain terminal 12. Therefore, the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30 are provided on both sides of the drain terminal 12 so as to sandwich the drain terminal 12.
  • the source terminal 30 is also made of a highly conductive metal material.
  • the source terminal 30 may also be formed from the same material as the drain terminal 12, and may be formed from, for example, copper or a copper alloy. Although a plurality of source pads 60 and source wires 80 are provided, only one source terminal 30 that functions as an external terminal of the semiconductor device is provided.
  • the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30 may be variously arranged on both sides of the drain terminal 12 as long as they extend in one direction parallel to the drain terminal.
  • the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30 are preferably provided so that the distance between the gate terminal 20 and the drain terminal 12 and the distance between the source terminal 30 and the drain terminal 12 are equal. This is because the applicable range of the semiconductor device is expanded when the shape conforms to a general standard.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 is a semiconductor element that functions as a switching element, and may be configured as, for example, a DMOSFET (Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor).
  • the semiconductor chip 40 has a structure in which a gate and a source are formed on the upper surface and a drain is disposed on the lower surface.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the semiconductor chip 40 of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • a drift layer 402 is formed on an n-type semiconductor substrate 401.
  • a body region 403 having a p-type conductivity is formed on the drift layer 402, and a source region 404 having an n-type conductivity is formed on the top of the p-type body region 403.
  • a gate insulating film 406 is formed above the source region 404, the body region 403, and the drift layer 402 so as to straddle the left and right source regions 404, and a gate electrode 405 is provided in the gate insulating film 406. .
  • a metal layer 407 is formed so as to cover the source region 404 and the gate insulating film 406.
  • the metal layer 407 forms the source pad 60 described in FIG. 1 on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40.
  • a metal pad electrically connected to the gate electrode 405 and provided on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40 constitutes the gate pad 50 in FIG.
  • a metal layer 408 is formed on the back surface of the n-type semiconductor substrate 401, and is joined to the die pad 11 shown in FIG.
  • the n-type semiconductor substrate 401 may be made of various semiconductor materials, but may be made of a wide gap semiconductor material such as silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN).
  • the drift layer 402 may be made of various semiconductor materials, but may be made of a wide gap semiconductor material such as silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN). By using a wide gap semiconductor material, it is possible to form a semiconductor device with low loss and high breakdown voltage.
  • the drift layer 402 formed on the n-type semiconductor substrate 401 may be formed by, for example, epitaxial growth.
  • the body region 403 and the source region 404 may be formed by general ion implantation, for example.
  • the gate insulating film 406 may be provided by forming a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 ) by, for example, thermal oxidation treatment.
  • SiO 2 silicon oxide film
  • the gate electrode 405 for example, polysilicon whose conductivity is improved by impurity diffusion may be used.
  • metal layers 407 and 408 for example, a metal material for wiring such as aluminum or copper may be used.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 may be made of a material including a wide gap semiconductor such as silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN). That is, the semiconductor chip 40 may be a wide gap semiconductor chip. Thereby, a low-loss / high-breakdown-voltage MOS transistor can be formed.
  • a wide gap semiconductor such as silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN). That is, the semiconductor chip 40 may be a wide gap semiconductor chip.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 of the semiconductor device has a rectangular shape.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 has short sides 41a and 41b and long sides 42a and 42b facing each other.
  • the short side 41a is disposed on the gate terminal 20 side
  • the short side 41b is disposed on the source terminal 30 side.
  • the short sides 41 a and 41 b are arranged so as to be parallel to the extending direction of the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12 and the source terminal 30.
  • the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12, and the source terminal 30 are disposed only on the long side 42a side of the semiconductor chip 40, and only the die pad 11 exists on the long side 42b side.
  • a gate pad 50 extending in parallel with the short side 41a is disposed. Further, a plurality of source pads 60 are arranged in parallel with the short side 41b from the vicinity of the short side 41b on the source terminal 30 side on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 40 toward the short side 41a on the opposite side.
  • the number of source pads 60 is four, but this is only an example until it gets tired. The number of source pads 60 may be less or more than four as long as it is plural.
  • the gate pad 50 is extended in parallel with the short side 41a, the shape of the gate pad 50 does not necessarily need to be vertically long.
  • the gate pad 50 may be square, for example.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 has a rectangular shape, and the long sides 42a and 42b of the semiconductor chip 40 extend or cross across the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30, whereby the gate pad 50 is gated.
  • the source pad 60 can be brought close to the source wire connection portion 31 of the source terminal 30 without being far away from the terminal 20. That is, the short sides 41 a and 41 b of the semiconductor chip 40 are parallel to the extending direction of the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30, and the long sides 42 a and 42 b of the semiconductor chip 40 extend between the gate terminal 20 and the source terminal 30. With the arrangement, the distance between the source pad 60 and the source wire connection portion 31 of the source terminal 30 can be shortened.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 is arranged so that the center of gravity 43 of the semiconductor chip 40 is closer to the source wire connection portion 31 of the source terminal 30 than to the gate wire connection portion 21 of the gate terminal 20. That is, the semiconductor chip 40 is not disposed so that the center of gravity 43 of the semiconductor chip 40 coincides with the center of the drain terminal 12, but is disposed close to the source terminal 30 side.
  • the semiconductor device is arranged such that the short side 41 b on the source terminal 30 side of the semiconductor chip 40 and the source of the source terminal 30 in the arrangement direction of the end of the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12 and the end of the source terminal 30 in the package 100.
  • the distance from the wire connection part 31 can be configured to be shorter than the distance between the short side 41a on the gate terminal 20 side and the gate wire connection part 21 of the gate terminal.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the back electromotive force generated when the MOS transistor is switching-driven.
  • a circuit diagram of an n-type MOS transistor is shown, in which the inductance of the gate wire 50 is indicated by Lg and the inductance of the source wire 60 is indicated by Ls.
  • the gate voltage obtained by already subtracting the voltage drop of the inductance Lg of the gate wire 50 is Vgs
  • the gate voltage is expressed by Vgs ⁇ Ls (dI / dt).
  • the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured to reduce the inductance Ls of the source wire 60 by bringing the center of gravity 43 of the semiconductor chip 40 having a rectangular shape closer to the source terminal 30 side. Thereby, the switching speed of the semiconductor device can be increased.
  • At least two of the plurality of source wires 80 are configured to be shorter than the gate wire 70. In this way, by setting at least one, preferably a plurality of source wires 80 shorter than the gate wire 70, the inductance Ls of the source wire 80 can be reduced and the switching speed can be improved.
  • the gate wire 70 also has the inductance Lg, but the source current is much larger than the gate current, and there is a difference of 10 times or more.
  • the priority is given to reducing the inductance Ls of the source wire 80 in line with the intention of increasing the switching speed.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 may be arranged to be much closer to the source terminal 30 than in FIG. 1, and for example, the leftmost source pad 60 may be aligned with the center of the drain terminal 12.
  • the degree to which the semiconductor chip 40 is brought closer to the source terminal 30 can be variously arranged in consideration of the balance between the size of the semiconductor chip 40 and the die pad 11, the length of the gate wire 70, and the like.
  • the ratio of the lengths of the long sides 42a, 42b and the short sides 41a, 41b of the semiconductor chip 40 can also be determined as appropriate according to the application. Good. When the shape approximates a square, it is impossible to adopt a configuration in which the source wire 80 is shortened without making the gate wire 70 so long. Therefore, the semiconductor chip 40 is preferably a rectangle satisfying the long side / short side ⁇ 1.6.
  • a wiring metal material such as aluminum or copper can be used for the gate pad 50 and the source pad 60 depending on the application.
  • the gate wire 70 and the source wire 80 can be made of gold, aluminum or the like, but aluminum may be used from the viewpoint of cost or the like. In the case of bonding an aluminum wire, the bonding is performed with a slight extension along the extending direction of the pad, but the lengths of the gate wire 70 and the source wire 80 are not bonded to the gate pad 50 or the source pad 60. The wire alone may be considered.
  • All of the die pad 11 and the semiconductor chip 40 and the base portions of the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12 and the source terminal 30 are sealed by the package 100, but an appropriate resin is selected as the sealing resin depending on the application. can do.
  • the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12, and the source terminal 30 are packaged as a three-pin type that extends like a pin outside the package 100, but the gate terminal 20, the drain terminal 12, and the source are packaged.
  • the shape of the terminal 30 can also have various configurations depending on the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a connection state between the source terminal 30 and the source pad 60 of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
  • the semiconductor chip 40 is bonded onto the die pad 11 by solder 90.
  • the source terminal 30 is provided at a position higher than the semiconductor chip 40, and the source pad 60 and the source wire connection portion 31 of the source terminal 30 are connected via the source wire 80.
  • the die pad 11, the semiconductor chip 40, the source wire connecting portion 31, and the source wire 80 are sealed with the package 100.
  • the drain terminal 12 and the gate terminal 20 may also be disposed at the same height as the source terminal 30.
  • the source wire 80 since the source wire 80 is connected and used with a certain margin, the length becomes longer than the distance between the source pad 60 and the source terminal 30. Therefore, forming the semiconductor chip 40 in a rectangular shape, bringing the center of gravity 43 closer to the source terminal 30 and shortening the source wire 80 to reduce the inductance Ls greatly contributes to the speeding up of switching.
  • tip of the semiconductor device conventionally used has a square shape or some vertically long shape, and is arrange
  • the source wire 80 can be shortened, and the inductance Ls of the source wire 80 can be reduced.
  • the switching speed can be increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Bonding (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)

Abstract

パッケージングされた半導体装置であって、ダイパッドと、ダイパッドから上面視にて一方向に延びるドレイン端子を有する基板と、ドレイン端子の両側に、一方向に延びて設けられたゲート端子及びソース端子とを有する。また、半導体装置は、長方形状を有し、短辺がドレイン端子と平行になり、重心が前記ゲート端子より前記ソース端子に近くなるようにダイパッド上に配置された半導体チップを有する。半導体チップの上面のゲート端子側には、ゲートパッド配置される。また、半導体チップのソース端子側から、前記ゲート端子側に向かって複数のソースパッドが配列される。ゲートパッドとゲート端子はゲートワイヤにより接続され、複数のソースパッドとソース端子は複数のソースワイヤにより接続される。

Description

半導体装置
 本開示は、半導体装置に関する。
 本出願は、2017年3月1日出願の日本出願2017-038443号に基づく優先権を主張し、前記日本出願に記載された全ての記載内容を援用するものである。
 特許文献1には、パワー半導体素子の縦横比を1.5以上にするとともに、ソース電極から主電流を取り出すワイヤの本数を14本以上とし、方向を異なる2方向に分散させたパワー半導体装置が開示されている。
特開2006-156479号公報
 本開示の一態様に係る半導体装置は、パッケージングされた半導体装置であって、ダイパッドと、ダイパッドから上面視にて一方向に延びるドレイン端子を有する基板と、ドレイン端子の両側に、ドレイン端子と平行に一方向に延びて設けられたゲート端子及びソース端子とを有する。また、半導体装置は、長方形状を有し、短辺がドレイン端子と平行になり、重心が前記ゲート端子より前記ソース端子に近くなるようにダイパッド上に配置された半導体チップを有する。半導体チップの上面のゲート端子側には、ゲートパッドが配置される。また、半導体チップのソース端子側から、ゲート端子側に向かって複数のソースパッドが配列される。ゲートパッドとゲート端子はゲートワイヤにより接続され、複数のソースパッドとソース端子は複数のソースワイヤにより接続される。
図1は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の一例を示した上面図である。 図2は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の半導体チップの構成の一例を示した断面図である。 図3は、MOSトランジスタをスイッチング駆動させる際に発生する逆起電力を説明するための図である。 図4は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置のソース端子とソースパッドとの接続状態の一例を示した断面図である。
 以下、図面を参照して、本開示を実施するための形態の説明を行う。
 [本開示の実施形態の説明]
 最初に本開示の実施態様を列記して説明する。
 〔1〕 本開示の一態様に係る半導体装置は、パッケージングされた半導体装置であって、ダイパッドと、前記ダイパッドから上面視にて一方向に延びるドレイン端子を有する基板と、前記ドレイン端子の両側に、前記ドレイン端子と平行に前記一方向に延びて設けられたゲート端子及びソース端子と、長方形状を有し、短辺が前記ドレイン端子と平行になり、重心が前記ゲート端子より前記ソース端子に近くなるように前記ダイパッド上に配置された半導体チップと、前記半導体チップの上面の前記ゲート端子側に配置されたゲートパッドと、前記半導体チップの上面の前記ソース端子側から、前記ゲート端子側に向かって配列された複数のソースパッドと、前記ゲートパッドと前記ゲート端子とを接続するゲートワイヤと、前記複数のソースパッドと前記ソース端子とを接続する複数のソースワイヤと、を有する。
 これにより、半導体チップをソース端子寄りに配置してソースワイヤを短くすることができ、ソースワイヤのインダクタンスを低減させることができる。ソースワイヤのインダクタンスを低減させることにより、半導体装置のスイッチングの際にゲートとソース間に発生する逆起電力を低減させることができ、スイッチングの高速化が可能となる。
 〔2〕 前記複数のソースワイヤの少なくとも1本は前記ゲートワイヤよりも短い。
 〔3〕 前記複数のソースワイヤの2本以上が前記ゲートワイヤよりも短い。
 〔4〕 前記半導体チップはワイドギャップ半導体チップである。
 [本開示の実施形態の詳細]
 以下、本開示の一実施形態(以下「本実施形態」と記す)について詳細に説明するが、本実施形態はこれらに限定されるものではない。
 図1は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の一例を示した上面図である。図1において、本実施形態に係る半導体装置は、基板10と、ゲート端子20と、ソース端子30と、半導体チップ40と、ゲートパッド50と、ソースパッド60と、ゲートワイヤ70と、ソースワイヤ80と、パッケージ100とを有する。また、基板10は、ダイパッド11と、ドレイン端子12とを有する。
 本実施形態に係る半導体装置において、基板10のダイパッド11上に半導体チップ40が搭載されている。半導体チップ40の上面に設けられたゲートパッド50とゲート端子20とがゲートワイヤ70により接続され、複数のソースパッド60が複数のソースワイヤ80によりソース端子30と接続されている。半導体チップ40及びダイパッド11は、全体がパッケージ100により封止され、パッケージ100からゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30が露出している。
 基板10は、表面上に半導体チップ40を搭載するための金属基板である。基板10は、半導体チップ40を搭載する領域であるダイパッド11と、ダイパッド11から上面視にて一方向に延びるドレイン端子12とを有する。本実施形態に係る半導体装置においては、上面にゲート及びソース、下面にドレインが配置された構造の半導体チップ40を基板10に搭載する。よって、基板10は、ダイパッド11から直接延びるドレイン端子12を有し、半導体チップ40の下面のドレインと電気的に接続されたドレイン端子12を外部に引き出す役割を果たす。ドレイン端子12は、上面視において一方向に延びていれば良く、上下方向においては屈曲していてもよい。例えば、ドレイン端子12は、下方から上方に屈曲していてもよい。ダイパッド11は、表面上に半導体チップ40を搭載することができれば、形状や大きさは問わない。また、基板10は、導電性の高い金属材料から形成され、例えば銅又は銅合金で構成されてもよい。
 ゲート端子20は、半導体チップ40の上面に設けられたゲートパッド50と電気的に接続され、パッケージ100の外部から半導体チップ40のゲートへの電圧印加を可能とするための制御端子として機能する。なお、ゲートパッド50とゲート端子20とは、ゲートワイヤ70を介して電気的に接続される。ゲート端子20は、ゲートワイヤ接続部21をパッケージ100内のダイパッド10側の端部領域に有する。ゲートワイヤ接続部21は、ゲートワイヤ70が接続される部分であり、ゲート端子20のパッケージ100内の部分のダイパッド10に接近した領域に設けられる。ゲートワイヤ70の一端はゲートパッド50に接続され、他端はゲートワイヤ接続部21に接続され、これによりゲートパッド50とゲート端子20とを電気的に接続する。
 ゲート端子20は、ダイパッド10及びドレイン端子12と離間して設けられ、電気的にも絶縁される。また、ゲート端子20は、ドレイン端子12の延在方向に沿って、ドレイン端子12と平行になるように設けられる。ゲート端子20も、ドレイン端子12と同様、導電性の高い金属材料から形成される。ゲート端子20は、ドレイン端子12と同じ材料から形成されてもよく、例えば、銅又は銅合金から形成されてもよい。
 ソース端子30は、半導体チップ40の上面に設けられた複数のソースパッド60と電気的に接続され、半導体チップ40のソースから出力されたソース電流をパッケージ100の外部に取り出すための外部端子として機能する。複数のソースパッド60とソース端子30とは、複数のソースワイヤ80を介して各々が電気的に接続される。ソース端子30も、ゲート端子20と同様に、ソースワイヤ接続部31をパッケージ100内のダイパッド10側の端部領域に有する。ソースワイヤ接続部31は、ソースワイヤ80が接続される部分であり、ソース端子30のパッケージ100内の部分のダイパッド10に接近した領域に設けられる。各々のソースワイヤ80の一端はソースパッド60に接続され、他端はソースワイヤ接続部31に接続され、これにより各々のソースパッド60とソース端子30とを電気的に接続する。
 ソース端子30も、ゲート端子20と同様、ダイパッド10及びドレイン端子12と離間して設けられ、電気的にも絶縁される。また、ソース端子30も、ドレイン端子12の延在方向に沿って、ドレイン端子12と平行になるように設けられる。よって、ゲート端子20及びソース端子30は、ドレイン端子12の両側に、ドレイン端子12を挟むようにして設けられる。ソース端子30も、ドレイン端子12と同様、導電性の高い金属材料から形成される。ソース端子30も、ドレイン端子12と同じ材料から形成されてもよく、例えば、銅又は銅合金から形成されてもよい。なお、ソースパッド60及びソースワイヤ80は複数設けられるが、半導体装置の外部端子として機能するソース端子30は、1つだけ設けられる。
 ゲート端子20及びソース端子30は、ドレイン端子12の両側に、ドレイン端子と平行に一方向に延びる限り、種々の配置としてよい。しかしながら、ゲート端子20及びソース端子30は、ゲート端子20とドレイン端子12との間隔と、ソース端子30とドレイン端子12との間隔が等間隔となるように設けられることが好ましい。一般的な規格に沿わせた形状とする方が、半導体装置の適用範囲が拡大されるからである。
 半導体チップ40は、スイッチング素子として機能する半導体素子であり、例えば、DMOSFET(Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)として構成されてもよい。半導体チップ40は、上面にはゲート及びソースが形成され、下面にはドレインが配置された構造を有する。
 図2は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の半導体チップ40の構成の一例を示した断面図である。図2に示されるように、n型半導体基板401の上にドリフト層402が形成されている。ドリフト層402の上部には、p型の導電型を有するボディ領域403が形成され、p型ボディ領域403内の上部にn型の導電型を有するソース領域404が形成されている。また、左右両側のソース領域404同士を跨ぐように、ソース領域404、ボディ領域403及びドリフト層402の上方にゲート絶縁膜406が形成され、ゲート絶縁膜406内にゲート電極405が設けられている。また、ソース領域404及びゲート絶縁膜406を覆うように金属層407が形成されている。金属層407は、半導体チップ40の上面において、図1で説明したソースパッド60を構成する。また、ゲート電極405と電気的に接続され、半導体チップ40の上面に設けられる金属パッドが図1におけるゲートパッド50を構成する。また、n型半導体基板401の裏面には、金属層408が形成され、図1で示したダイパッド11上に半田等で接合され、ドレイン端子12に電気的に接続される。
 なお、n型半導体基板401は、種々の半導体材料から構成されてよいが、例えば、炭化珪素(SiC)、窒化ガリウム(GaN)等のワイドギャップ半導体材料から構成されてもよい。同様に、ドリフト層402も、種々の半導体材料から構成されてよいが、例えば、炭化珪素(SiC)、窒化ガリウム(GaN)等のワイドギャップ半導体材料から構成されてもよい。ワイドギャップ半導体材料を用いることにより、低損失で高耐圧の半導体装置を形成することが可能となる。
 なお、n型半導体基板401上に形成するドリフト層402は、例えば、エピタキシャル成長により形成してもよい。ボディ領域403、ソース領域404は、例えば、一般的なイオン注入により形成してもよい。また、ゲート絶縁膜406は、例えば熱酸化処理により、シリコン酸化膜(SiO)を形成して設けてもよい。ゲート電極405には、例えば、不純物拡散により導電性を高めたポリシリコンを用いてもよい。金属層407、408には、例えば、アルミニウム、銅等の配線用の金属材料を用いてもよい。
 このように、半導体チップ40は、炭化珪素(SiC)、窒化ガリウム(GaN)等のワイドギャップ半導体を含む材料から構成されてもよい。つまり、半導体チップ40は、ワイドギャップ半導体チップであってもよい。これにより、低損失・高耐圧のMOSトランジスタを形成することができる。
 図1の説明に戻る。図1に示されるように、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の半導体チップ40は、長方形の形状を有する。半導体チップ40は、互いに対向する短辺41a、41b及び長辺42a、42bを有する。短辺41aはゲート端子20側に配置され、短辺41bはソース端子30側に配置されている。また、短辺41a、41bは、ゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30の延在する方向と平行になるように配置されている。そして、ゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30は、半導体チップ40の長辺42a側にのみ配置され、長辺42b側には、ダイパッド11しか存在しない。
 半導体チップ40の上面のゲート端子20側の短辺41a付近には、短辺41aに平行に延在したゲートパッド50が配置されている。また、半導体チップ40の上面のソース端子30側の短辺41b付近から反対側の短辺41aに向かって、複数のソースパッド60が短辺41bと平行に配列されている。図1においては、ソースパッド60の数は4個であるが、これは飽くまで一例に過ぎない。ソースパッド60の数は、複数である限り、4個より少なくても多くてもよい。また、ゲートパッド50は、短辺41aに平行に延在しているが、ゲートパッド50の形状は必ずしも縦長である必要は無い。ゲートパッド50は例えば正方形であってもよい。
 半導体チップ40の形状を長方形とし、半導体チップ40の長辺42a、42bがゲート端子20とソース端子30との間を跨ぐように延びる、或いは横切るような配置とすることにより、ゲートパッド50をゲート端子20からあまり離すことなく、ソースパッド60をソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31に接近させることができる。つまり、半導体チップ40の短辺41a、41bがゲート端子20及びソース端子30の延在方向と平行になり、半導体チップ40の長辺42a、42bがゲート端子20とソース端子30との間に延びる配置とすることにより、ソースパッド60とソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31との距離を短くすることができる。
 図1において、半導体チップ40の重心43がゲート端子20のゲートワイヤ接続部21よりもソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31に近くなるように半導体チップ40が配置されている。即ち、半導体チップ40の重心43がドレイン端子12の中心と一致するように半導体チップ40を配置するのではなく、ソース端子30側に接近させて半導体チップ40を配置する。これにより半導体装置を、パッケージ100内のゲート端子20の端部、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30の端部の配列方向において、半導体チップ40のソース端子30側の短辺41bとソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31との距離が、ゲート端子20側の短辺41aとゲート端子のゲートワイヤ接続部21との距離よりも短くなる構成とすることができる。このような構成とすることにより、ソースパッド60とソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31とを接続するソースワイヤ80を短くすることができ、ソースワイヤ80のインダクタンスを低減させることができる。これにより、半導体装置をスイッチング駆動する際のゲート-ソース間電圧(ソースは接地されているため、以下、「ゲート電圧」と呼ぶ)の逆起電力を低減させ、スイッチングの高速化を図ることができる。
 図3は、MOSトランジスタをスイッチング駆動させる際に発生する逆起電力を説明するための図である。図3において、n型MOSトランジスタの回路図が示されており、ゲートワイヤ50のインダクタンスをLg、ソースワイヤ60のインダクタンスをLsで示す。ここで、ゲートワイヤ50のインダクタンスLgの電圧降下分を既に引いたゲート電圧をVgsとすると、ゲート電圧は、Vgs-Ls(dI/dt)で表される。
 ゲートに正電圧が印加され、MOSトランジスタがターンオンする際には、(dI/dt)は正となり、MOSトランジスタに印加されるゲート電圧はゲートドライバーの出力よりも減少し、ターンオン速度を遅くする。一方、MOSトランジスタをオフする際には、(dI/dt)は負となるため、ゲートドライバーの出力よりも増加し、やはりターンオフ速度を低下させる。
 このように、MOSトランジスタをターンオン・ターンオフさせる際には、(-L(dI/dt))の逆起電力が発生するため、ソースワイヤ60のインダクタンスLsを低減させることにより、逆起電力(-L(dI/dt))を低減させることができる。これにより、MOSトランジスタのスイッチングの高速化を図ることができる。
 図1の説明に戻る。本実施形態に係る半導体装置では、長方形状を有する半導体チップ40の重心43をソース端子30側に接近させ、ソースワイヤ60のインダクタンスLsを低減する構成となっている。これにより、半導体装置のスイッチングの高速化を図ることができる。
 図1においては、複数のソースワイヤ80のうち、少なくとも右端の2本はゲートワイヤ70よりも短く構成されている。このように、少なくとも1本、好ましくは複数本のソースワイヤ80をゲートワイヤ70よりも短い構成とすることにより、ソースワイヤ80のインダクタンスLsを低減させ、スイッチング速度を向上させることができる。
 なお、ゲートワイヤ70もインダクタンスLgを有するが、ソース電流の方がゲート電流よりも遥かに大きく、10倍以上の差がある。また、1本のゲートワイヤ70に対してソースワイヤ80は複数本存在するので、ソースワイヤ80のインダクタンスLsを低減させることを優先させた方が、スイッチングの高速化の意図に沿う。
 よって、図1よりも更に大幅にソース端子30に半導体チップ40を接近させて配置し、例えば、一番左側のソースパッド60が、ドレイン端子12の中心と一致するような構成としてもよい。半導体チップ40をどの程度ソース端子30に接近させるかは、半導体チップ40とダイパッド11の大きさ、ゲートワイヤ70の長さとのバランス等を考慮して、種々の配置構成とすることができる。
 半導体チップ40の長辺42a、42bと短辺41a、41bとの長さの比も、用途に応じて適宜定めることができるが、例えば、長辺/短辺≧1.6を満たす長方形としてもよい。正方形に近似した形状であると、ゲートワイヤ70をあまり長くせずにソースワイヤ80を短くするという構成をとれなくなる。よって、半導体チップ40は、長辺/短辺≧1.6を満たす長方形であることが好ましい。
 なお、ゲートパッド50及びソースパッド60は、上述のように、アルミニウム、銅等の配線金属材料を用途に応じて用いることができる。
 ゲートワイヤ70及びソースワイヤ80は、金、アルミニウム等を用いることができるが、コスト等の観点から、アルミニウムを用いるようにしてもよい。アルミニウムのワイヤをボンディングする場合、パッドの延在方向に沿って少し延びた状態でボンディングされるが、ゲートワイヤ70及びソースワイヤ80の長さは、ゲートパッド50又はソースパッド60に接合されていない、ワイヤ単独の部分で考えるようにしてよい。
 ダイパッド11、半導体チップ40の総てと、ゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30の根元の部分はパッケージ100により封止されるが、封止樹脂は、用途に応じて適切な樹脂を選択することができる。
 また、図1においては、ゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30がパッケージ100の外においてピンのように延びた3ピンタイプとしてパッケージングされているが、ゲート端子20、ドレイン端子12及びソース端子30の形状も、用途に応じて種々の構成とすることができる。
 図4は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置のソース端子30とソースパッド60との接続状態の一例を示した断面図である。図4に示される通り、半導体チップ40はダイパッド11上に半田90により接合されている。ソース端子30は、半導体チップ40よりも高い位置に設けられ、ソースワイヤ80を介して、ソースパッド60とソース端子30のソースワイヤ接続部31とが接続されている。そして、ダイパッド11、半導体チップ40、ソースワイヤ接続部31及びソースワイヤ80はパッケージ100により封止されている。なお、ドレイン端子12及びゲート端子20も、ソース端子30と同じ高さに配置されてもよい。
 図4に示されるように、ソースワイヤ80はある程度の余裕を持って接続使用されるので、長さもソースパッド60とソース端子30との間の距離以上に長くなる。よって、半導体チップ40を長方形に形成し、重心43をソース端子30に接近させ、ソースワイヤ80を短くしてインダクタンスLsを低減させることは、スイッチングの高速化に大きく寄与する。
 なお、従来から用いられている半導体装置のチップは正方形又は若干縦長の形状を有し、重心がドレイン端子の中心と一致するよう左右対称に配置される。このため、ソースパッドとソース端子とを接続するソースワイヤの長さが長くなってしまう。このような構成では、十分にソースワイヤのインダクタンスLsを低減させることができず、逆起電力がスイッチングの高速化を妨げてしまう。
 一方、図1に示される通り、本実施形態に係る半導体装置によれば、ソースワイヤ80を短くすることができ、ソースワイヤ80のインダクタンスLsを低減させることができる。そして、スイッチングの高速化が可能となる。
 今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって、どのような面からも制限的なものではないと理解されるべきである。本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
 10  基板
 11  ダイパッド
 12  ドレイン端子
 20  ゲート端子
 21  ゲートワイヤ接続部
 30  ソース端子
 31  ソースワイヤ接続部
 40  半導体チップ
 41a、41b  短辺
 42a、42b  長辺
 43  重心
 50  ゲートパッド
 60  ソースパッド
 70  ゲートワイヤ
 80  ソースワイヤ
 90  半田
 100  パッケージ
 401  n型半導体基板
 402  ドリフト層
 403  ボディ層
 404  ソース領域
 405  ゲート電極
 406  ゲート絶縁膜
 407、408  金属層

Claims (4)

  1.  パッケージングされた半導体装置であって、
     ダイパッドと、前記ダイパッドから上面視にて一方向に延びるドレイン端子を有する基板と、
     前記ドレイン端子の両側に、前記一方向に延びて設けられたゲート端子及びソース端子と、
     長方形状を有し、短辺が前記ドレイン端子と平行になり、重心が前記ゲート端子より前記ソース端子に近くなるように前記ダイパッド上に配置された半導体チップと、
     前記半導体チップの上面の前記ゲート端子側に配置されたゲートパッドと、
     前記半導体チップの上面の前記ソース端子側から、前記ゲート端子側に向かって配列された複数のソースパッドと、
     前記ゲートパッドと前記ゲート端子とを接続するゲートワイヤと、
     前記複数のソースパッドと前記ソース端子とを接続する複数のソースワイヤと、を有する半導体装置。
  2.  前記複数のソースワイヤの少なくとも1本が前記ゲートワイヤよりも短い請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
  3.  前記複数のソースワイヤの2本以上が前記ゲートワイヤよりも短い請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
  4.  前記半導体チップはワイドギャップ半導体チップである請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
PCT/JP2017/039806 2017-03-01 2017-11-02 半導体装置 WO2018159018A1 (ja)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019198800A1 (ja) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 ローム株式会社 半導体装置
JP7313197B2 (ja) * 2019-06-11 2023-07-24 ローム株式会社 半導体装置

Citations (4)

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JP2005026294A (ja) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-27 Renesas Technology Corp 半導体装置およびその製造方法
US20050073012A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2005-04-07 Analog Power Intellectual Properties Limited Transistor having multiple gate pads
US20060255362A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-11-16 Ralf Otremba Semiconductor Component in a Standard Housing and Method for the Production Thereof
US20110169144A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-14 Tomas Moreno Die package including multiple dies and lead orientation

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JP2015097237A (ja) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 住友電気工業株式会社 半導体装置
JP2016072376A (ja) * 2014-09-29 2016-05-09 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 半導体装置
JP6591302B2 (ja) * 2016-01-29 2019-10-16 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 半導体装置の製造方法

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050073012A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2005-04-07 Analog Power Intellectual Properties Limited Transistor having multiple gate pads
JP2005026294A (ja) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-27 Renesas Technology Corp 半導体装置およびその製造方法
US20060255362A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-11-16 Ralf Otremba Semiconductor Component in a Standard Housing and Method for the Production Thereof
US20110169144A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-14 Tomas Moreno Die package including multiple dies and lead orientation

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