WO2018123052A1 - 冶金用粉末およびその冶金用粉末を用いた成形品の製造方法 - Google Patents
冶金用粉末およびその冶金用粉末を用いた成形品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
- B22F10/16—Formation of a green body by embedding the binder within the powder bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/068—Flake-like particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2207/00—Aspects of the compositions, gradients
- B22F2207/11—Gradients other than composition gradients, e.g. size gradients
- B22F2207/13—Size gradients
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/007—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metallurgical powder comprising a plurality of secondary particles obtained by bonding a plurality of primary particles with a binder as a binder, and a method for producing a molded product using the metallurgical powder.
- a powder metallurgy method in which a powder is solidified to manufacture a molded product.
- a die press molding method in which a molded product is manufactured by filling powder in a die, compression molding with a molding machine, and sintering.
- powder metallurgy includes a powder additive manufacturing method.
- the powder additive manufacturing method include a powder bed melting method and a binder injection method.
- the powder bed melting method is a method of manufacturing a molded article by repeatedly irradiating a laser or an electron beam toward a powder spread on a table to sinter or melt the powder.
- the binder injection method is a method of manufacturing a molded article by repeatedly spraying the binder toward the powder spread on the table to bond the powder.
- the mold press molding method requires a high filling rate of the powder filled in the mold.
- the powder additive manufacturing method exemplified by the powder bed melting method and the binder injection method is also required to have a high filling rate of the powder spread on the table. In order to improve the filling rate of the powder, it is important to improve the fluidity of the powder.
- a directional energy method is also exemplified as the powder additive manufacturing method.
- the directional energy method is a method of manufacturing a molded product by injecting powder to a portion irradiated with a laser or arc as a heat source, and melting and solidifying the powder at the irradiated portion. Even in the powder additive manufacturing method exemplified by the directional energy method, it is important that the fluidity of the powder is high in order to prevent clogging in the flow path through which the injected powder passes.
- Patent Document 1 secondary particles obtained by three-dimensionally bonding primary particles with a gap are used for powders used in powder metallurgy.
- the particle size is made larger than the primary particles by using secondary particles combined with the primary particles, and the fluidity of the powder is improved.
- the powder used in the powder metallurgy includes non-metallic powder.
- Non-metallic powders used in powder metallurgy include ceramic powders.
- the gap between the secondary particles is reduced by improving the fluidity and the filling rate of the secondary particles is improved, but the gold provided by the gap provided between the primary particles is improved.
- the filling rate of primary particles in the entire powder filled in the mold or the filling rate of primary particles in the entire powder spread on the table may be lowered.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a metallurgical powder capable of improving the filling rate on a mold or a table in powder metallurgy.
- the present invention is a metallurgical powder comprising a plurality of secondary particles obtained by binding a plurality of primary particles with a binder, and the plurality of primary particles are shaped to each other.
- the first primary particles differ from each other and the second primary particles, and the second primary particles enter the gap between the first primary particles.
- the metallurgical powder according to the present invention has an effect of improving the filling rate of the metallurgical powder on a mold or a table in powder metallurgy.
- liquidity The figure which shows the secondary particle used for the metallurgical powder concerning Embodiment 1.
- the figure which shows the secondary particle concerning a comparative example The figure which shows the relationship between the secondary particle used for the metallurgical powder concerning the modification 1 of Embodiment 1, and the shape of the primary particle contained in the secondary particle, and fluidity
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a directional energy type powder additive manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a molded product using metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 a plurality of secondary particles obtained by binding a plurality of primary particles with a binder are metallurgical powders used for powder metallurgy. First, primary particles used for metallurgical powder will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the secondary particles used in the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the shape and fluidity of the primary particles contained in the secondary particles.
- Metal, ceramic or cermet is used as the material of the primary particles.
- the primary particles include various shapes such as a spherical shape, an elliptical shape, a square shape, and a flake shape.
- the oval shape and the square shape indicate the cross-sectional shape of the primary particle, and the primary particle itself has a three-dimensional shape.
- Primary particles with a spherical shape exhibit high fluidity regardless of their size. Therefore, even when the primary particles are used as the metallurgical powder, the filling rate of the mold can be improved.
- the spherical primary particles can be produced by a plasma atomization method and a gas atomization method. However, the production of primary particles by the plasma atomization method and the gas atomization method increases the production cost.
- non-spherical primary particles can be produced by a water atomization method or pulverization that can keep production costs low compared to the plasma atomization method and the gas atomization method.
- non-spherical primary particles are less fluid than spherical primary particles. Therefore, when the primary particles are used as the metallurgical powder, the filling rate into the mold is lowered, and the quality of the molded product may be deteriorated.
- the angle of repose is the angle formed by the slope of the mountain of the powder and the horizontal plane in a state where stability is maintained without falling when the powder is dropped and stacked. The smaller the angle of repose, the higher the fluidity.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing secondary particles used in the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment.
- the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment is a secondary particle 1 in which a plurality of primary particles 2 are combined with a binder 3 and formed into a spherical shape or a shape close to a spherical shape.
- One secondary particle 1 includes three or more primary particles 2.
- the binder 3 include carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
- FIG. 2 although the example which used the rectangular primary particle 2 for the nonspherical primary particle 2 was shown, it is not restricted to this, You may use the primary particle 2 of an ellipse or flake shape, Primary particles 2 having a shape may be used.
- a plurality of primary particles 2 are combined so that the gap between the primary particles 2 is minimized.
- a state in which a plurality of primary particles 2 are combined so that the gap is minimized is also referred to as a closest packed state.
- the close-packed state can be said to be a state in which the ratio of the primary particles 2 occupying per unit volume of the secondary particles 1 is the largest.
- the secondary particles 1 are likely to be spherical. Examples of the method of bonding the primary particles 2 include a rolling granulation method in which granulation is performed inside a rotating container, and a spray granulation method in which a material is sprayed into an air stream for granulation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing secondary particles according to a comparative example.
- the secondary particles 51 according to the comparative example a plurality of non-spherical primary particles 52 are bonded by the binder 3, but the gap between the primary particles 52 is larger than that in the closest packed state.
- the filling rate of the secondary particles 51 even if the filling rate of the secondary particles 51 itself is increased, the filling rate of the primary particles 52 may decrease due to the gap between the primary particles 52.
- the gap is large, the arrangement of the primary particles 52 varies, and the secondary particles 51 are unlikely to be spherical.
- the primary particles 2 are bonded to each other in the close-packed state, so that the filling rate of the primary particles 2 is improved in the powder metallurgy. Can do. Thereby, the quality of the molded product manufactured by powder metallurgy can be improved.
- the secondary particles 1 are formed into a spherical shape or a shape close to a spherical shape, the fluidity of the secondary particles 1 can be improved as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to improve the filling rate of the secondary particles 1 in powder metallurgy.
- the secondary particles 1 are formed into a spherical shape or a shape close to a spherical shape, so that the flow of the secondary particles 1 that are metallurgical powders.
- the improvement of the property is achieved. Therefore, the metallurgical powder can be manufactured using the non-spherical primary particles 2 whose manufacturing cost can be suppressed, compared to the case where the spherical primary particles 2 are used, and the manufacturing cost of the metallurgical powder can be suppressed.
- the secondary particle 1 can be made spherical or nearly spherical to improve the fluidity, so that the degree of freedom in selecting the powder used for the primary particle 2 is increased. Rise. Thereby, it becomes possible to employ
- the particle diameter of the secondary particles 1 which are metallurgical powders can be increased by combining the plurality of primary particles 2 into the secondary particles 1.
- security at the time of performing powder metallurgy can be aimed at rather than the case where the primary particle 2 with a small particle diameter is used for metallurgical powder as it is.
- security at the time of forming the secondary particle 1 can also be aimed at by providing the primary particle 2 with the antistatic agent.
- the size of the secondary particles 1 can be changed by changing the number of primary particles 2 included in the secondary particles 1. Therefore, secondary particles 1 having various particle sizes can be easily produced.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the secondary particles used in the metallurgical powder according to the first modification of the first embodiment and the shape and fluidity of the primary particles contained in the secondary particles.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the first modification are formed by bonding primary particles 2 having a non-spherical shape and different shapes with a binder 3.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the secondary particle 1 includes a rectangular first primary particle 2a and a flake-shaped second primary particle 2b.
- the flake-shaped second primary particles 2 b enter the gaps between the first primary particles 2 a that are coupled in a close-packed state, so that the primary particles 2 occupying the entire secondary particles 1
- the ratio can be improved.
- the further improvement of the filling rate of the primary particle 2 can be aimed at in powder metallurgy.
- the second primary particles 2b enter the irregularities formed by the first primary particles 2a on the surface of the secondary particles 1, and the surface is more than the secondary particles 1 formed by the primary particles 2 having a single shape. Smooth.
- the mold for filling the metallurgical powder and the member for spreading the metallurgical powder are hardly scraped by the secondary particles 1. That is, it is possible to extend the life of a mold filled with metallurgical powder and a member for spreading metallurgical powder.
- the combination of the shape of the first primary particle 2a and the shape of the second primary particle 2b may be an ellipse and a square as shown in FIG. 4, or an ellipse and a flake shape. Alternatively, it may be a combination of other shapes.
- the shape of the primary particle 2 contained in the secondary particle 1 is not restricted to two types, The primary particle 2 of three or more types of shapes may be contained.
- the material of the first primary particles 2a and the material of the second primary particles 2b may be different. If the material of the first primary particle 2a is different from the material of the second primary particle 2b, and the first primary particle 2a and the second primary particle 2b are melted in the molding process, the first primary particle 2a is formed of an alloy. A molded product can be obtained. That is, it is possible to easily obtain a molded product made of an alloy without using the primary particles 2 that have been alloyed in advance. For example, if iron is used for the first primary particles 2a and chromium is used for the second primary particles 2b, a molded article of an iron-chromium alloy can be obtained. In addition, it is good also considering the sintered compact which sintered the 1st primary particle 2a and the 2nd primary particle 2b as a molded article.
- the alloy ratio can be easily adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the first primary particles 2a and the second primary particles 2b of different materials. If the molded product is a sintered body, the ratio of a plurality of materials contained in the sintered body can be easily adjusted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the second modification are formed by combining the first primary particles 2c and the second primary particles 2d with a binder 3.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the particle size distribution of the first primary particles 2c and the second primary particles 2d in the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the particle size peak in the particle size distribution of the first primary particles 2c is different from the particle size peak of the second primary particles 2d.
- the particle size distribution is such that the particle size ( ⁇ m) is on the horizontal axis and the abundance ratio (percentage) of the whole powder is on the vertical axis.
- Examples of the particle size distribution measuring method include a laser diffraction method, an image imaging method, and a gravity sedimentation method.
- the peak of the particle size is the particle size having the highest appearance rate in the particle size distribution, and is also called the mode diameter of the powder whose particle size distribution was measured.
- the particle size obtained from the particle size distribution has a value called D50.
- the powder is divided into two particles, a particle larger than a certain particle size and a particle smaller than a certain particle size.
- a particle size is shown as the value of D50.
- the example shown in FIG. 7 shows an example in which the particle size peak of the first primary particle 2c matches D50 at 10 ⁇ m, and the particle size peak of the second primary particle 2d matches D50 at 2 ⁇ m. However, they do not always match.
- the particle size peak in the particle size distribution is also simply expressed as the particle size.
- the particle size of the second primary particle 2d is smaller than the particle size of the first primary particle 2c.
- the ratio of the primary particles 2 that are turned into the secondary particles 1 by the second primary particles 2 d having a small particle size entering the gap between the first primary particles 2 c that are coupled in the closest state. Can be improved. Thereby, the further improvement of the filling rate of the primary particle 2 can be aimed at in powder metallurgy.
- the second primary particle 2d enters the irregularities formed by the first primary particle 2c on the surface of the secondary particle 1, and the surface is smoother than the secondary particle 1 formed only by the first primary particle 2c. become.
- the mold for filling the metallurgical powder and the member for spreading the metallurgical powder are hardly scraped by the secondary particles 1. That is, it is possible to extend the life of a mold filled with metallurgical powder and a member for spreading metallurgical powder.
- the material of the first primary particles 2c and the material of the second primary particles 2d may be different. If the material of the first primary particle 2c is different from the material of the second primary particle 2d and the first primary particle 2c and the second primary particle 2d are melted in the molding process, the first primary particle 2c is formed of an alloy. A molded product can be obtained. That is, it is possible to easily obtain a molded product made of an alloy without using the primary particles 2 that have been alloyed in advance. For example, if iron is used for the first primary particles 2c and chromium is used for the second primary particles 2d, an iron-chromium alloy molded product can be obtained. A sintered body obtained by sintering the first primary particles 2c and the second primary particles 2d may be used as a molded product.
- the alloy ratio can be easily adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the first primary particles 2c and the second primary particles 2d of different materials. If the molded product is a sintered body, the ratio of a plurality of materials contained in the sintered body can be easily adjusted.
- the example in which the particle size of the primary particle 2 included in the secondary particle 1 is two types is shown, but the particle size of the primary particle 2 included in the secondary particle 1 is three or more types. There may be.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the third modification of the first embodiment are filled.
- the secondary particles 1 used in the metallurgical powder according to the third modification include first secondary particles 1a and second secondary particles 1b having different particle sizes.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the particle size distribution of the first secondary particles 1a and the second secondary particles 1b in the third modification of the first embodiment.
- the particle size peak in the particle size distribution of the first secondary particles 1a is different from the particle size peak of the second secondary particles 1b.
- the particle diameter peak of the first secondary particle 1a coincides with D50 at 100 ⁇ m
- the particle diameter peak of the second secondary particle 1b coincides with D50 at 20 ⁇ m. Is shown.
- the first secondary particles 1a and the second secondary particles 1b have different particle sizes by changing the number of primary particles 2 included.
- the particle size of the second secondary particle 1b is smaller than the particle size of the first secondary particle 1a.
- the second secondary particles 1b having a small particle diameter enter the gap between the first secondary particles 1a to improve the filling rate of the secondary particles 1 in powder metallurgy. Can do. Thereby, in the powder metallurgy, the filling rate of the primary particles 2 can be improved, and the quality of the molded product can be improved.
- the material of the primary particles 2 included in the first secondary particles 1a may be different from the material of the primary particles 2 included in the second secondary particles 1b. If the primary particles 2 made of different materials are melted during the molding process, a molded product formed of an alloy can be obtained. That is, it is possible to easily obtain a molded product made of an alloy without using the primary particles 2 that have been alloyed in advance. For example, if iron primary particles 2 and chromium primary particles 2 are used, a molded article of an iron-chromium alloy can be obtained. A sintered body obtained by sintering the primary particles 2 may be used as a molded product.
- the alloy ratio can be easily adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the primary particles 2 of different materials. If the molded product is a sintered body, the ratio of a plurality of materials contained in the sintered body can be easily adjusted.
- the particle size of the secondary particle 1 is two types is shown, but the particle size of the secondary particle 1 may be three or more types.
- the primary particles 2 are shown in a circular shape for simplification of the drawing. However, similarly to the primary particles 2 used for the secondary particles 1 described above, the third modification example also has an aspheric shape. Primary particles 2 are used. Further, in the secondary particles 1, it is desirable that the primary particles 2 are bonded in a close packed state.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure for manufacturing a molded product by a metal mold press molding method using the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment.
- a metallurgical powder is filled in a die (step S1).
- the metallurgical powder filled in the mold is compressed and molded (step S2).
- the metallurgical powder filled in the mold is sintered in a sintering furnace to obtain a molded product that is a sintered body (step S3).
- a molded product is manufactured by taking out the molded product from the mold and performing post-processing as necessary (step S4).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a powder bed melting type powder additive manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a molded product using the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment.
- the powder additive manufacturing apparatus 21 includes a stage 22, a table 23, a tank 24, a squeegee 25, and a laser irradiation unit 26.
- the stage 22 has a mounting surface 22a on which the secondary particles 1 that are horizontally formed metallurgical powders are mounted.
- the tank 24 contains therein secondary particles 1 that are metallurgical powder.
- Metallurgical powder is supplied onto the mounting surface 22a from a supply port 24a formed in the tank 24.
- the squeegee 25 is a plate-like or bar-like member that can move along the placement surface 22a.
- the squeegee 25 By moving the squeegee 25 along the placement surface 22a, the metallurgical powder placed on the placement surface 22a is pushed by the squeegee 25 and moved.
- the metallurgical powder As the squeegee 25 moves on the concave portion 22b, the metallurgical powder is spread in a stepped portion between the mounting surface 22a and the top surface 23a, that is, in a space surrounded by the concave portion 22b and the top surface 23a.
- the laser irradiation unit 26 irradiates the laser light 28 toward the metallurgical powder spread on the stepped portion.
- the metallurgical powder is sintered or melted and solidified.
- a part of the metallurgical powder filled in the stepped portion can be selectively solidified by the laser light 28.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure for manufacturing a molded article by a powder additive manufacturing method using the powder additive manufacturing apparatus 21 of the metallurgical powder and powder bed melting method according to the first embodiment.
- the table 23 is lowered to form a step between the placement surface 22a and the top surface 23a (step S11).
- the metallurgical powder is supplied to the mounting surface 22a (step S12).
- the squeegee 25 is moved to spread metallurgical powder on the stepped portion (step S13).
- a portion of the spread metallurgical powder is irradiated with laser light 28, and the irradiation position is moved to solidify the metallurgical powder at a desired location (step S14).
- step S15 when the metallurgical powder is not laminated on the top surface 23a with the number of layers necessary to form a molded product having a desired shape (No in step S15), the table 23 is lowered one step (step S15). S16) After forming a step between the top surface 23a of the metallurgical powder previously filled in the step and the mounting surface 22a, the process returns to step S12 to repeat the supply and solidification of the metallurgical powder.
- step S15 When the metallurgical powder is laminated in the required number of layers in step S15 (step S15, Yes), a solidified portion of the metallurgical powder is taken out from the table 23 (step S17), and a molded product is manufactured.
- the movement of the position irradiated with the laser beam 28 may be realized by scanning the laser beam 28 with a mirror (not shown), or may be realized by providing a moving mechanism for moving the laser irradiation unit 26.
- a binder injection unit that injects a binder as a binder instead of the laser irradiation unit 26 may be provided to form the binder injection type powder additive manufacturing apparatus 21.
- a molded product is manufactured by injecting a binder to a part of the metallurgical powder in step S14 and solidifying the metallurgical powder in the portion where the binder is injected.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a directional energy type powder additive manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a molded product using the metallurgical powder according to the first embodiment.
- the powder additive manufacturing apparatus 31 includes a table 33, a laser irradiation unit 36, and a nozzle 37.
- a laser beam 38 is irradiated on the table 33 from the laser irradiation unit 36.
- the nozzle 37 injects metallurgical powder toward the location where the laser beam 38 is irradiated.
- the metallurgical powder is melted or sintered and solidified.
- the metallurgical powder is solidified at a desired location, and a molded product along the desired shape can be formed.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure for manufacturing a molded article by a powder additive manufacturing method using the powder additive manufacturing apparatus 31 of the metallurgical powder and the directional energy method according to the first embodiment.
- the laser beam 38 is irradiated toward the table 33 (step S21).
- the metallurgical powder is sprayed toward the portion irradiated with the laser beam 38 (step S22).
- step S23 by moving the position where the laser beam 38 is irradiated and the position where the metallurgical powder is injected (step S23), the metallurgical powder is solidified at a desired position to produce a molded product. Can do.
- the movement of the position irradiated with the laser beam 38 may be realized by scanning the laser beam 38 with a mirror (not shown) or may be realized by moving the laser irradiation unit 36. Further, the movement of the position at which the metallurgical powder is injected may be realized by changing the injection angle of the nozzle 37, or may be realized by providing a moving mechanism for moving the nozzle 37. Moreover, since the fluidity is improved with the metallurgical powder shown in the first embodiment, the occurrence of clogging of the powder in the nozzle 37 can be suppressed.
- the configuration described in the above embodiment shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and can be combined with other configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part.
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態1では、複数の一次粒子をバインダで結合させた複数の二次粒子が、粉末冶金に用いられる冶金用粉末となる。まず、冶金用粉末に用いられる一次粒子について説明する。
Claims (9)
- 複数の一次粒子をバインダで結合させた複数の二次粒子を備える冶金用粉末であって、
前記複数の一次粒子は、互いに形状の異なる第1の一次粒子と第2の一次粒子とを含み、
複数の前記第1の一次粒子同士の間隙に前記第2の一次粒子が入り込んでいることを特徴とする冶金用粉末。 - 複数の一次粒子をバインダで結合させた複数の二次粒子を備える冶金用粉末であって、
前記複数の一次粒子は、粒度分布において粒径のピークが互いに異なる第1の一次粒子と第2の一次粒子とを含むことを特徴とする冶金用粉末。 - 前記第1の一次粒子と前記第2の一次粒子とが異なる材質であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の冶金用粉末。
- 複数の一次粒子をバインダで結合させた複数の二次粒子を備える冶金用粉末であって、 前記複数の二次粒子は、粒度分布において粒径のピークが互いに異なる第1の二次粒子と第2の二次粒子とを含むことを特徴とする冶金用粉末。
- 前記第1の二次粒子に含まれる前記複数の一次粒子と、前記第2の二次粒子に含まれる前記複数の一次粒子とが異なる材質であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の冶金用粉末。
- 前記複数の一次粒子は、金属、セラミックおよびサーメットの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の冶金用粉末。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の冶金用粉末を用いた成形品の製造方法であって、
前記冶金用粉末を金型に充填するステップと、
前記金型に充填された前記冶金用粉末を圧縮するステップと、
前記金型に充填された前記冶金用粉末を焼結させて成形品とするステップと、
前記成形品を金型から取り出すステップと、を備えることを特徴とする成形品の製造方法。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の冶金用粉末を用いた成形品の製造方法であって、
テーブル上に前記冶金用粉末を敷き詰めるステップと、
前記テーブル上の冶金用粉末の一部にレーザ光を照射または結合剤を噴射するステップと、
前記レーザ光が照射または前記結合剤が噴射された前記冶金用粉末上にさらに冶金用粉末を敷き詰める工程と、
さらに敷き詰められた前記冶金用粉末の一部にレーザ光を照射または結合剤を噴射するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする成形品の製造方法。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の冶金用粉末を用いた成形品の製造方法であって、
テーブル上にレーザ光を照射するステップと、
前記レーザ光が照射されている箇所に向けて前記冶金用粉末を噴射するステップと、
前記レーザ光が照射される位置および前記冶金用粉末が噴射される位置を連動して移動させるステップと、を備えることを特徴とする成形品の製造方法。
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CA3048153A CA3048153A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Powder for metallurgy and method for manufacturing molded product using the powder for metallurgy |
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US16/344,815 US10702919B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Method for manufacturing alloy molded product |
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