WO2018099195A1 - 旋切刀具和旋切操作组件 - Google Patents

旋切刀具和旋切操作组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018099195A1
WO2018099195A1 PCT/CN2017/106068 CN2017106068W WO2018099195A1 WO 2018099195 A1 WO2018099195 A1 WO 2018099195A1 CN 2017106068 W CN2017106068 W CN 2017106068W WO 2018099195 A1 WO2018099195 A1 WO 2018099195A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotary
cutter
sleeve
rotating
translational
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/106068
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭毅军
张金彬
张新云
李洪远
杨永波
Original Assignee
重庆西山科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201611085595.0A external-priority patent/CN106388875B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201611094251.6A external-priority patent/CN106491166B/zh
Application filed by 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 重庆西山科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP17875842.1A priority Critical patent/EP3549531A4/en
Priority to US16/464,954 priority patent/US20200015794A1/en
Priority to KR1020197018625A priority patent/KR102307399B1/ko
Priority to JP2019528799A priority patent/JP6931056B2/ja
Publication of WO2018099195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018099195A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0266—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
    • A61B10/0275—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample with sample notch, e.g. on the side of inner stylet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
    • A61B17/32002—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0283—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B2010/0208—Biopsy devices with actuators, e.g. with triggered spring mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320064—Surgical cutting instruments with tissue or sample retaining means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00184—Moving parts
    • A61B2018/00202—Moving parts rotating
    • A61B2018/00208—Moving parts rotating actively driven, e.g. by a motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical surgical biopsy sampling device, in particular to a rotary cutting tool.
  • the invention also relates to a biopsy sampling device for medical surgery, in particular to a rotary cutting operation assembly.
  • the doctor usually uses a rotary cutter to perform live sampling or removal of the lesion tissue.
  • the operating components for rotary cutting surgery on the market today include tools and handles.
  • the cutter usually includes an inner knife and a jacket.
  • the outer knife of the inner knife has a sampling slot in the radial direction of the outer blade; after the puncture, the tissue is sucked into the sampling slot under the condition of negative pressure, and the inner knife is cut forward and the tissue is cut and received into the front end of the inner knife; Of course, the inner knife will close the sampling slot at the foremost end, and then puncture the position and then let the sampling slot backward. The position and distance of the yield will be determined according to the sampling, and the negative pressure will be applied during the process.
  • Rotary cutting sampling in the prior art, the driving inner knife rotates and the flat motion is a separate independent driving mechanism, and the inner cutter rotates by the motor drive, and the inner cutter axially slides through the push rod, thereby realizing the rotation and the combination of the movement and the rotation.
  • Cutting, and the driving method of the push rod includes electric and manual, the manual operation is cumbersome and the efficiency is not high, and the electric drive needs to be equipped with a speed reducer to realize the slow pushing of the inner knife. Peeling operation have complicated assembly structure, the overall weight of the heavy, and for moving the blade rotation and drive mechanism is easy to produce interference, causing the knife engagement, leading to unstable peeling operation assembly operation, easy to risk surgery.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a rotary cutting tool which can simplify the structure of the rotary cutting tool, improve the stability of the internal knife operation, and ensure the safety of the operation.
  • the rotary cutting tool of the present invention comprises an outer cutter having a sampling groove at the front end and an inner cutter inner sleeve sleeved on the outer cutter, and further comprising a rotary driving member axially slidingly engaged with the inner cutter circumferential transmission and the inner cutter passing through the screw structure
  • the rotating driving member drives the inner cutter to rotate and forms a rotation speed difference with the translational driving member, and the axial movement of the inner cutter is driven by the rotation speed difference to realize the sampling slot sampling.
  • the utility model further comprises a rotary push sleeve for fixing the outer sleeve to the inner cutter, wherein the translational drive member is a translational drive gear and is sleeved on the rotary push sleeve in a manner of being threadedly engaged with the rotary push sleeve.
  • the translational drive member is a translational drive gear and is sleeved on the rotary push sleeve in a manner of being threadedly engaged with the rotary push sleeve.
  • the rotating driving member is a rotating driving sleeve which is sleeved on the rotating push sleeve in a radial limit manner, and the outer circumference of the rotating driving sleeve is provided with a rotating transmission gear; the outer circle of the rotating pushing sleeve extends radially outward.
  • the ring table is axially slidably engaged with the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve by the keyway structure.
  • the rear end surface of the rotary driving sleeve is pressed against the front end surface of the translational driving gear to form an axial limit on the translational driving gear; the inner circumference of the rear end of the rotating driving sleeve protrudes radially inward to form an outer sleeve.
  • a support ring that rotates the outer thread of the rear end of the push sleeve.
  • the inner circle of the rotary driving sleeve is provided with a guiding long key in the axial direction
  • the outer ring of the ring is provided with a sliding groove matched with the guiding long key
  • the guiding long key and the sliding groove are respectively a plurality of along Distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the guiding long key and the sliding groove have a rectangular cross section.
  • the front end side wall of the inner blade is provided with a vent hole, and the rear port of the inner blade sequentially passes the radial gap between the inner blade and the outer blade, the vent hole and the inner knife inner cavity by forming a negative pressure to form an air flow path.
  • the utility model further comprises a puncture head which is inserted rearward and axially rearwardly and fixed to the front end of the outer blade.
  • the outer circumference of the rear end of the puncture head is provided with a sunken table, and the front end of the inner blade is provided with a radial outward inclination from the rear to the front.
  • the rotary cutter head has a rear end that forms a slope for axially limiting the rotary cutter head in cooperation with the inclination of the rotary cutter head.
  • the rear end surface of the puncture head protrudes rearward in the axial direction to form a push post, and a radial gap is formed between the push post and the inner circle of the inner cutter.
  • vent hole is a strip hole provided in a circumferential direction
  • the strip hole is a vent ring extending in the circumferential direction
  • the strip hole is a plurality of squares and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction
  • the venting ring constitutes a venting ring, and the venting ring is disposed at least in the axial direction.
  • the rotary cutting tool disclosed by the invention drives the inner cutter to rotate and move in a differential rotation manner by rotating the driving member and the flat driving member, thereby avoiding the need for the speed reducing output of the reducer to cause the overall structure of the cutter to be complicated and heavi.
  • the setting of the differential drive gear ensures that the rotation and the movement are not easy to interfere, the rotary cutting efficiency is high, the movement stability of the operation component is high, and the operation safety is ensured.
  • Another object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a rotary cutting operation assembly which can simplify the structure of the rotary cutting operation assembly, reduce the weight of the rotary cutting operation assembly, and improve the stability of the inner cutter operation and ensure the stability of the inner cutter operation. The safety of the operation.
  • the rotary cutting operation assembly of the present invention comprises a cutter and a handle fixedly mounted on the cutter, the cutter comprising at least an outer cutter having a sampling groove at the front end and an inner cutter inner sleeve sleeved to the outer cutter;
  • the tool further includes a rotary follower that axially slidably engages the inner cutter circumferential drive and a translational follower that cooperates with the inner cutter through the lead screw structure;
  • the handle includes a handle body and a drive component mounted to the handle body
  • the driving component includes a rotation driving member for driving the rotation of the rotating follower and a translational driving member for driving the translational driven member;
  • the rotating driven member drives the inner blade to rotate and the translational follower A rotation speed difference is formed, and the axial movement of the inner cutter is driven by the rotation speed difference to realize sampling sampling.
  • the rotating driving member and the balancing active driving member are respectively a rotating driving gear and a movable driving gear, and both ends of the inner ring of the translational driving gear extend axially around the rotating sleeve, and the rotating driving gear circumferential transmission sleeve is One end of the shaft sleeve.
  • the utility model further comprises a rotary push sleeve for fixing the outer sleeve to the inner cutter, wherein the translational driven member is a translational drive gear and is sleeved on the rotary push sleeve in a manner of being threadedly engaged with the rotary push sleeve.
  • the rotating follower is a rotating driving sleeve which is sleeved on the rotating push sleeve in a radial limit manner, and the outer circle of the rotating driving sleeve is provided with a rotating transmission gear; the outer circle of the rotating pushing sleeve extends radially outward Forming a ring table that is axially slidably engaged with the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve by a keyway structure.
  • the rear end surface of the rotary driving sleeve is pressed against the front end surface of the translational driving gear to form an axial limit on the translational driving gear; the inner circle of the rotating driving sleeve protrudes radially inward to form a casing for rotation Push the outer thread of the sleeve to support the ring.
  • the inner circle of the rotary driving sleeve is provided with a guiding long key in the axial direction
  • the outer ring of the ring is provided with a sliding groove matched with the guiding long key
  • the guiding long key and the sliding groove are respectively a plurality of along Round Distribution in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotating active member and the rotating follower realize power transmission in a manner of reducing transmission.
  • the translational driving member and the translational driven member realize power transmission in a manner of increasing speed transmission.
  • rotating driving member and the rotating driven member are directly driven by the gear mesh, and the translational driving member and the translational driven member are directly meshed and transmitted through the gear.
  • the handle is provided with a display unit for displaying the opening length of the sampling tank in real time.
  • the rotary cutting operation assembly disclosed by the invention rotates the driving member and the rotating driven member to cooperate with the driving member and the driving member to drive the rotation to rotate the driven member and the movable member to rotate at a differential speed.
  • the method drives the inner cutter to rotate and move, avoiding the need for the reducer to achieve the deceleration output, and the overall structure of the rotary cutting operation component is complicated and heavy, the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, the operation is easy to operate, the sampling efficiency is high, and the operation is successful, and at the same time, It ensures that the rotation and the movement are not easy to interfere, the operation components run smoothly and stably, and the operation and cutting efficiency is high, which is conducive to the safety of surgery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary cutter provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a handle of a rotary cutter provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotary cutter according to the present invention after installation
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion C in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotary driving member and a flat driving member in a rotary cutting tool according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a left side view of Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a rotary cutting operation assembly provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic structural view of a rotary cutting operation assembly provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a driving mechanism in a rotary cutting operation assembly provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a left side view of Figure 11 .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary cutter according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a handle of the rotary cutter provided by the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary cutter provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of C in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 is a rotary drive in the rotary cutter provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7 .
  • the rotary cutter 1 in this embodiment includes an outer cutter 3 having a sampling groove 5 at its front end, an inner cutter 4 sleeved on the outer cutter 3, and a shank 15 fixedly coupled to the outer cutter 3.
  • the rotary drive member 6 includes an axially sliding engagement with the inner cutter 4 and a translational drive member 7 that cooperates with the inner cutter 4 through the screw structure; the rotary drive member 6 drives the inner cutter 4 to rotate and is driven by translation
  • the piece 7 forms a difference in rotation speed, and the axial movement of the inner blade 4 is driven by the rotation speed difference to realize sampling of the sampling slot 5; the front end is the piercing end of the tool, and the rear end is the rear end, and the inner knife 4 is translationally indicating that the inner blade 4 reciprocates in the axial direction.
  • the rotary cutting motion is realized.
  • the different rotational speeds of the rotary drive member 6 and the flat drive member 7 can be achieved by setting different gear ratios or different rotational speeds of different motors, and the rotary drive member 6 and the peace.
  • the rotational direction of the movable driving member 7 may be the same or different.
  • the axial driving speed of the inner cutter 4 is slow.
  • the axial driving speed of the inner cutter 4 is faster, and the rotational driving member 6 and the movable driving member 7 rotate the differential speed.
  • Realize the driving of the inner cutter 4 simplifying the structure of the rotary cutter, 4 the knife running stability, to ensure safe operation; conventional configuration of the drive screw drive mechanism, which is not repeated herein.
  • the translational drive member 7 is a translational drive gear 7 and is screwed into the rotary push sleeve 11 in a threaded manner with the rotary push sleeve 11;
  • the outer circumference of the rotary push sleeve 11 is provided with an external thread, and the translational drive gear 7 can be sleeved on the middle end or the rear end of the rotary push sleeve, preferably on the rear end of the rotary push sleeve 11 and disposed outside the rotary push sleeve 11
  • the circular external thread is located in the middle rear section of the rotary push sleeve 11, and the structure is compact.
  • the translational drive gear 7 is fixedly disposed along the axial direction of the shank 15, of course, the translational drive member 7 can also The belt drive or the chain drive can achieve the object of the invention.
  • the present embodiment is preferably a direct gear transmission, has a simple structure and is convenient to install; the rotary push sleeve 11 is driven to rotate through the screw structure, thereby driving the inner cutter 4 to rotate and ensure the drive. Strong and stable.
  • the rotating driving member 6 is a rotating driving sleeve 6 which is sleeved on the rotating push sleeve 11 in a radial limit manner.
  • the outer end of the rotating driving sleeve 6 is provided with a rotating transmission gear 12;
  • the outer circumference of the outer ring 11 extends radially outward to form a ring table 13 which is axially slidably circumferentially coupled with the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve 6 by a keyway structure;
  • the ring table 13 is preferably located at the outer front end of the rotary push sleeve 11.
  • the ring table 13 is supported radially outwardly on the rotary drive sleeve 6.
  • the external thread of the rotary push sleeve 11 is prevented from interfering with the rotary drive sleeve 6, and the inner circumference of the drive sleeve 6 is rotated along the shaft.
  • the provision of the guide long key or the chute cooperates with the chute or the guide key of the ring table 13 for sliding the push sleeve 11 in the axial direction relative to the rotary drive sleeve 6.
  • the rear end surface of the rotary drive sleeve 6 is pressed against the front end surface of the translational drive gear 7 to form an axial limit on the translational drive gear 7; the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve 6 is radially oriented.
  • the support ring 12a is formed to be formed on the outer thread of the rotary push sleeve 11; the support ring 12a is preferably located at the inner round rear end of the rotary drive sleeve 6, which is advantageous for reducing between the rotary drive sleeve 6 and the translational drive gear 7
  • the friction between the driving sleeve 6 and the rotating push sleeve 11 is rotated, and the supporting ring 12a can be orthogonal to the rotating transmission gear 12, which ensures the stability of the rotating driving sleeve 6 in the radial direction, and is beneficial to improve the rotation of the rotating driving sleeve 6. Stability.
  • the inner circumference of the rotary driving sleeve 6 is provided with a guiding long key 6a in the axial direction
  • the outer circumference of the ring table 13 is provided with a sliding slot 13a which cooperates with the guiding long key 6a, and the guiding long key 16a
  • the guide long keys 16a and the sliding slots 13a are respectively four and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, thereby further improving the stability of the sliding of the rotary push sleeve 11 and avoiding the locking. .
  • the transverse section of the keyway structure is rectangular; the stability of the keyway structure is improved, the processing is convenient, and the matching precision is high.
  • the front end side wall of the inner blade 4 is provided with a vent hole 20, and the rear port of the inner blade 4 passes the negative pressure to make the gas sequentially pass through the radial gap 21 of the inner blade 4 and the outer blade 3, the vent hole 20 and
  • the inner knife inner chamber 22 forms an air flow passage; the rear end of the inner knife 4 communicates with the suction device, and the inner knives 4 are prevented from forming a seal at the front end through the vent hole 20, and the liquid is prevented from entering the inner knife 4 and the outer knife 3
  • the radial gap 21, and the arrangement of the radial gap 21 is easy to ensure that the negative pressure at the front end of the inner cavity is moderate, which is favorable for the adsorption of the sample.
  • the front end of the puncture head 23 is provided with a puncture head 23, and the front end of the puncture head 23 is provided with a sunken head 24, and the front end of the inner blade 4 is provided with Rear forward edge a radially outwardly inclined rotary cutter head 25, the rear end of which forms a slope 26 that cooperates with the inclination of the rotary cutter head 25 for axially limiting the rotary cutter head 25;
  • the rear end of the table 24 is provided with a bevel 26 to axially limit the rotary cutter head 25, thereby avoiding damage to the rotary cutter head 25 and ensuring that the sampled specimen can be completely cut.
  • the rear end surface of the puncture head 23 protrudes rearward in the axial direction to form a pusher post 27, and when the inner blade 4 is moved to the foremost end, between the pusher post 27 and the inner circle of the inner blade 4
  • the radial gap 28 is formed; the pusher post 27 is arranged to form a structure in which the sample is gradually reduced from the front to the front at the front end of the sampling tank 5, which facilitates the cutting of the sample at the inclined surface 26 to ensure smooth sampling.
  • the vent hole 20 is a strip-shaped hole disposed in a circumferential direction
  • the strip-shaped hole 20 is a ventilating ring extending in a circumferential direction
  • the strip-shaped hole is plural and in a circumferential direction
  • the venting ring is configured to be at least one of the venting rings in the axial direction.
  • the strip holes are arranged in the circumferential direction as three, and the venting ring is disposed in the axial direction as two.
  • the rotary cutter 1 is fixedly engaged with the handle 2 by using the handle 2, and the handle housing 14 of the handle 2 is axially disposed with a mounting groove 16, and the rear end surface of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly disposed with a pin 18a in the axial direction.
  • the front end of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly provided with a retaining spring 17 for fixing the shank 15; the rear end of the shank 15 is provided with an opening groove 18 for engaging the pin 18a for radially fixing the shank 15, the shank 15
  • the front outer circumference is recessed radially inward to form a snap groove 19 for the radial claw of the retaining spring 17; in the illustrated embodiment, the pin 18a and the open slot 18 are both There are also two radial claws and snap grooves 19 of the retaining spring 17.
  • the front end of the shank 15 is inserted into the circlip 17 and the radial claw of the circlip 17 is inserted into the engaging groove 19 to be engaged and fixed. Otherwise, when disassembling, the front end of the shank 15 is removed first, and then the rear end is removed, which is convenient and quick. Assembly and disassembly, fixed and stable.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a rotary cutting operation component according to the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic structural view of a rotary cutting operation component provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a rotary cutting operation provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a left side view of Fig. 11.
  • the tool comprises a tool 1 and a handle 2 fixedly mounted to the tool 1, the tool comprising at least an outer knife 3 having a sampling slot 5 at the front end and an inner knife 4 sleeved inside the outer knife 3;
  • the cutter 1 further includes a rotary follower 6 that is axially slidably engaged with the circumferential drive of the inner cutter 4 and a translational follower 7 that cooperates with the inner cutter 4 through the screw structure;
  • the handle 2 includes a handle body and mounting Yu a driving member of the handle body, the driving member comprising a rotation driving member 8 for driving the rotation of the rotary follower 6 and a translational driving member 9 for driving the translational driven member 7;
  • the rotary follower 6 is driven
  • the inner cutter 4 rotates and forms a rotational speed difference with the translational follower 7, and the axial movement of the inner cutter 4 is driven by the rotational speed difference to realize sampling of the sampling slot 5;
  • the front end is the piercing end of the cutter, and the rear end is the rear end, the cutter 1
  • the handle 2 can be integrally provided, or can be fixedly connected by a detachable manner; the transmission mode of the rotating active member and the rotating driven member can be driven by a belt transmission or a chain
  • the gear is directly driven; the internal knife 4 translation indicates that the inner cutter 4 reciprocates in the axial direction, and the inner cutter 4 rotates by itself to realize the rotary cutting motion.
  • the different rotational speeds of the rotating follower 6 and the movable follower 7 can be set differently.
  • the transmission ratio or the different rotational speeds of different motors can be realized.
  • the rotational direction of the rotary follower 6 and the movable follower 7 can be the same or different.
  • Knife 4 axial drive speed Fast the rotation of the driven member 6 and the moving member 7 are rotated to realize the driving of the inner blade 4, which simplifies the structure of the rotary cutting tool, improves the stability of the operation of the inner blade 4, and ensures the safety of the operation; the screw structure drives the existing The drive mechanism will not be described here.
  • the rotation driving member 8 and the rotating follower 6 realize power transmission in a manner of reducing transmission; the rotation driving member 8 transmits power to rotate the driven member 6 by means of a reduction transmission, which is beneficial to improve the rotation of the power input.
  • the torque ensures that the rotating follower 6 rotates smoothly, and the internal knife is prevented from being locked by a large rotational resistance torque.
  • the rotation driving member 8 and the peace moving active member 9 are respectively a rotating driving gear 8 and a movable driving gear 9, and the two ends of the inner ring of the translational driving gear 9 extend the rotating shaft sleeve 10 in the axial direction.
  • the rotating driving gear 8 is circumferentially driven to one end of the rotating sleeve 10; as shown, the front end of the rotating sleeve 10 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor by a fixing pin, and the rotating driving gear 8 is passed through the outer end of the rotating sleeve 10
  • the spline circumferential transmission jacket is sleeved on the rotating sleeve 10, and has a compact structure and stable driving.
  • the translational driving member 9 and the translational driven member 7 realize power transmission in a manner of increasing speed transmission; the translational driving member 9 transmits power to rotate the driven member 6 by means of a speed increasing transmission, which is advantageous for Cooperating with the reduction drive mechanism of the rotary drive member 8 and the rotary follower 6 forms an effective differential drive.
  • the rotating driving member 8 and the rotating follower 6 are directly driven by gears, and the translational driving member 9 and the translational driven member 6 are directly meshed and transmitted through the gears; And the transmission structure is strong, ensuring smooth power transmission;
  • the rotary push sleeve 11 for fixing the outer sleeve to the inner cutter 4 is further included, and the translational follower 7 is a translational drive gear and is screwed to the rotary push sleeve 11 in a threaded manner with the rotary push sleeve 11; the outer circumference of the rotary push sleeve 11 is provided with an external thread, and the translational drive gear 7 can be jacketed on the rotary push sleeve
  • the middle end or the rear end is preferably sleeved on the rear end of the rotary push sleeve 11 , and the external thread disposed on the outer circumference of the rotary push sleeve 11 is located in the middle rear portion of the rotary push sleeve 11 to ensure a compact structure.
  • the driving gear 7 is fixedly disposed along the axial direction of the shank 15.
  • the translational driven member 7 can also be driven by a belt or a chain, which can achieve the object of the invention.
  • the present embodiment is preferably a direct gear transmission, and has a simple structure and installation. Convenient; the rotary push sleeve 11 is driven to rotate by the screw structure, thereby driving the inner cutter 4 to rotate, ensuring large and stable driving force.
  • the rotating follower 6 is a rotating driving sleeve 6 which is sleeved on the rotating push sleeve 11 in a radial limit manner.
  • the outer end of the rotating driving sleeve 6 is provided with a rotating transmission gear 12;
  • the outer circumference of the front end of the sleeve 11 extends radially outward to form a ring table 13.
  • the ring table 13 is axially slidably circumferentially coupled with the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve 6 by a keyway structure; the ring table 13 is preferably located at the outer circumference of the rotary push sleeve 11.
  • the front end, of course, the change table 13 is supported radially outwardly on the rotary drive sleeve 6.
  • the drive sleeve 6 By rotating the drive sleeve 6, the external thread of the rotary push sleeve 11 is prevented from interfering with the rotary drive sleeve 6, and the inner sleeve of the drive sleeve 6 is rotated.
  • the guiding long key or the sliding groove is arranged in the axial direction to cooperate with the sliding groove or the guiding key of the ring table 13 , and is suitable for sliding the sliding push sleeve 11 in the axial direction relative to the rotating driving sleeve 6; as shown in the figure, the rotating transmission of the embodiment
  • the number of teeth C of the gear 12, the number of teeth A of the rotary drive gear 8, the number of teeth B of the translational drive gear 9, and the number D of the teeth of the driven driven gear 7 are: A ⁇ C, D ⁇ B, ensuring a compact transmission structure. It is good for providing efficient cutting and driving force rotation for the inner knife.
  • the surface of the rotary drive sleeve 6 is pressed against the front end surface of the translational drive gear to form an axial limit on the translational drive gear; the inner circle of the rotary drive sleeve 6 protrudes radially inward.
  • the support ring 12a is preferably located at the inner round rear end of the rotary drive sleeve 6, facilitating reduction between the rotary drive sleeve 6 and the translational drive gear 7 and rotation
  • the friction between the driving sleeve 6 and the rotating push sleeve 11 can be positively opposed to the rotating transmission gear 12 in the radial direction, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the rotating driving sleeve 6 in the radial direction, and is beneficial to improve the rotation of the rotating driving sleeve 6. stability.
  • the inner circumference of the rotary drive sleeve 6 is provided with a guide long key 6a in the axial direction
  • the outer circumference of the ring stage 13 is provided with a sliding slot 13a that cooperates with the guide long key 6a, and the guide long key 6a
  • the chutes 13a are respectively distributed in a plurality of directions and distributed in the circumferential direction; in this embodiment, the guide long keys 16a and the chutes 13a are respectively four and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, thereby further improving the stability of the sliding of the rotary push sleeve 11 and avoiding the card.
  • the transverse section of the keyway structure is rectangular, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the keyway structure, convenient processing and high precision.
  • the handle 2 is provided with a display unit 29 for displaying the opening length of the sampling slot 5 in real time; the display unit adopts a row of LED chips, which can be lighted by directly receiving the command of the host and in accordance with the state of the synchronous display. Or the LED is extinguished, and the purpose of visually observing the opening length of the sampling slot 5 is achieved; of course, the mode of the display screen can also be adopted, and the object of the invention can also be achieved, providing an objective and intuitive basis for sampling, and forming an objective guidance for the sampling operation of the operator.
  • sampling quantity is precise and easy to control, and the sampling failure is not easy, the work efficiency is improved, and the patient's pain is reduced;
  • sampling slot 5 opening length data monitoring method and the real-time display method can be implemented by the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the front end side wall of the inner blade 4 is provided with a vent hole 20, and the rear port of the inner blade 4 sequentially passes the radial gap 21 of the inner blade 4 and the outer blade 3 by forming a negative pressure, and the vent hole 20 and the inner knife inner cavity 22 and forming an air flow passage, the radial gap of the inner knife 4 and the outer knife 3 is; the rear end of the inner knife 4 communicates with the suction device, and the inner knife 4 is avoided by the arrangement of the vent hole 20
  • the sealing is formed at the front end while avoiding the liquid entering the radial gap 21 of the inner knife 4 and the outer knife, and the setting of the width of the radial gap 21 is easy to ensure that the negative pressure of the front end of the inner cavity is moderate, which is favorable for the adsorption of the sample;
  • 20 is a strip-shaped hole disposed in a circumferential direction, the strip-shaped holes being a plurality of and constituting a vent ring in a manner of being uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction
  • the utility model further comprises a puncture head 23 which is inserted rearwardly and axially rearwardly and fixed to the front end of the outer blade 3.
  • the outer circumference of the rear end of the puncture head 23 is provided with a sinking table 24, and the front end of the inner blade 4 is provided with a radial direction from the rear to the front.
  • the rear end setting ramp 26 axially limits the rotary cutter head 25 to avoid damage to the rotary cutter head 25 while ensuring that the sampled specimen can be completely cut.
  • the rear end surface of the puncture head 23 protrudes rearward in the axial direction to form a pusher post 27, and when the inner blade 4 moves to the foremost end, a radial gap 28 is formed between the pusher post 27 and the inner circle of the inner blade 4.
  • the setting of the pusher post 27 allows the sample to form a structure which is gradually reduced from the front to the front at the front end of the sampling tank 5, which facilitates the cutting of the sample at the inclined surface 26, ensuring smooth sampling.
  • a mounting groove 16 is disposed in the axial direction, and a rear end surface of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly disposed forwardly with a pin 18a.
  • the front end of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly provided with a retaining spring 17 for fixing the shank 15;
  • the rear end of the shank 15 is provided with an opening groove 18 for engaging the pin 18a for radially fixing the shank 15, and the outer circumference of the front end of the shank 15 is recessed radially inward to form a radial claw for the snap spring 17 to be inserted.
  • the latching groove 19 as shown, the pin 18a and the opening slot 18 are two, and the radial claw and the snap groove 19 of the retaining spring 17 are also two. 15 is inclined and installed backwards, so that the pin 18a is fitted into the opening groove 18, and then the front end of the shank 15 is moved upward, so that the front end of the shank 15 is fitted into the circlip 17 and the radial claw of the circlip 17 is inserted into the engaging groove. 19 realize the card joint fixing, on the contrary, when disassembling, the front end of the shank 15 is first removed, and then the rear end is removed, which is convenient for quick assembly and disassembly, and is stable and stable.

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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract

一种旋切刀具(1)和旋切操作组件，刀具(1)至少包括前端设有取样槽(5)的外刀(3)和内套于外刀(3)的内刀(4)；刀具(1)还包括与内刀(4)周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动从动件(6)和与内刀(4)通过丝杠结构配合的平动从动件(7）；手柄(2）包括手柄主体和安装于手柄主体的驱动部件，驱动部件包括用于驱动转动从动件(6）转动的转动主动件(8）和用于驱动平动从动件(7)的平动主动件(9)；转动从动件(6)驱动内刀(4)旋转并与平动从动件(7)形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀(4)轴向运动进而实现取样槽取样(5)；旋切刀具(1)结构简单，装配方便，使用时易于操作，取样效率高，保证手术成功，同时，保证转动和平动不易发生干涉，操作组件运行顺畅且稳定，手术旋切效率高，利于保证手术安全。

Description

旋切刀具和旋切操作组件
本申请要求以下发明专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中：
1)2016年11月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201611094251.6、发明名称为“旋切刀具”的发明专利申请。
2)2016年11月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201611085595.0、发明名称为“旋切操作组件”的发明专利申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗手术活检取样器械，具体涉及一种旋切刀具。本发明还涉及一种医疗手术用活体检测取样装置，具体涉及一种旋切操作组件。
背景技术
医生在手术时，通常在对病人体内进行活体采样或去除病灶组织时，采用旋切刀具进行操作，现今市场上用于旋切手术用操作组件包括刀具和手柄，刀具通常包括内刀和外套于内刀的外刀，外刀靠前端沿径向开有取样槽；穿刺后，在负压条件下组织被吸入取样槽，此时内刀向前旋切将组织切下并容纳入内刀前端；当然，穿刺时内刀会在最前端将取样槽封闭，穿刺到位置后再向后让出取样槽，让出的位置和距离根据取样的多少而确定，让出过程中开始施加负压，再进行旋切取样；现有技术中，驱动内刀转动和平动为分开独立的驱动机构，通过电机传动驱动内刀转动，同时通过推杆推动内刀轴向滑动，进而实现转动和平动结合实现旋切，而推杆的驱动方式包括电动和手动，手动操作繁琐，效率不高，而电动驱动时还需配设减速器以实现缓慢推动内刀，使得旋切操作组件结构复杂，整体重量较重，并且用于内刀转动和平动的驱动机构易产生干涉，造成内刀卡止，导致旋切操作组件运行不稳定，容易给手术带来风险。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种旋切刀具，能够简化旋切刀具的结构，提高内刀运行的稳定性，保证手术的安全。
本发明的旋切刀具，包括前端设有取样槽的外刀和内套于外刀的内刀，还包括与内刀周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动驱动件和与内刀通过丝杠结构配合的平动驱动件；所述转动驱动件驱动内刀旋转并与平动驱动件形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀轴向运动进而实现取样槽取样。
进一步，还包括固定外套于内刀的旋转推套，所述平动驱动件为平动驱动齿轮并以与旋转推套螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套。
进一步，所述转动驱动件为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套的转动驱动套，转动驱动套的外圆设置有转动传动齿轮；旋转推套的外圆沿径向向外延伸形成通过键槽结构与转动驱动套内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合的环台。
进一步，所述转动驱动套的后端面抵压于平动驱动齿轮的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮轴向限位；所述转动驱动套的后端内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套后端外螺纹的支撑环。
进一步，所述转动驱动套的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键，所述环台外圆设置有与导向长键配合的滑槽，所述导向长键和滑槽分别为多个并沿圆周方向分布。
进一步，所述导向长键和滑槽的横向断面为矩形。
进一步，所述内刀前端侧壁设置有通气孔，内刀的后端口通过形成负压使气体依次通过内刀与外刀的径向间隙、通气孔和内刀内腔并形成气流通路。
进一步，还包括后端沿轴向向后插入并固定于外刀前端的穿刺头，穿刺头的后端外圆设置有沉台，所述内刀前端设置有由后向前沿径向向外倾斜的旋切刀头，所述沉台的后端形成与旋切刀头倾斜度相配合的用于对旋切刀头轴向限位的斜面。
进一步，所述穿刺头的后端面沿轴向向后凸出形成推挡柱，所述推挡柱与内刀内圆之间形成径向间隙。
进一步，所述通气孔为沿周向设置的条形孔，所述条形孔为一个沿圆周方向延伸的通气环，或所述条形孔为多个并以沿圆周方向均匀分布的方 式组成通气环，所述通气环沿轴向设置为至少一个。
本发明公开的一种旋切刀具，通过转动驱动件和平动驱动件以差速转动的方式驱动内刀转动和平动运动，避免需要减速器实现减速输出而造成刀具整体结构复杂且较重，通过差速驱动齿轮的设置，保证转动和平动不易发生干涉，手术旋切效率高，操作组件运动稳定性高，保证手术安全。
本发明的另一目的是克服现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种旋切操作组件，能够简化旋切操作组件的结构，减轻旋切操作组件的重量，同时提高内刀运行的稳定性，保证手术的安全。
本发明的旋切操作组件，包括刀具和固定安装于刀具的手柄，所述刀具至少包括前端设有取样槽的外刀和内套于外刀的内刀；
所述刀具还包括与内刀周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动从动件和与内刀通过丝杠结构配合的平动从动件；所述手柄包括手柄主体和安装于手柄主体的驱动部件，所述驱动部件包括用于驱动转动从动件转动的转动主动件和用于驱动平动从动件的平动主动件；所述转动从动件驱动内刀旋转并与平动从动件形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀轴向运动进而实现取样槽取样。
进一步，所述转动主动件和和平动主动件分别为转动主动齿轮和平动主动齿轮，所述平动主动齿轮的内圈两端沿轴向延伸转轴套，所述转动主动齿轮周向传动外套于所述转轴套的一端。
进一步，还包括固定外套于内刀的旋转推套，所述平动从动件为平动驱动齿轮并以与旋转推套螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套。
进一步，所述转动从动件为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套的转动驱动套，转动驱动套的外圆设置有转动传动齿轮；旋转推套的外圆沿径向向外延伸形成通过键槽结构与转动驱动套内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合的环台。
进一步，所述转动驱动套的后端面抵压于平动驱动齿轮的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮轴向限位；所述转动驱动套的内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套的外螺纹的支撑环。
进一步，所述转动驱动套的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键，所述环台外圆设置有与导向长键配合的滑槽，所述导向长键和滑槽分别为多个并沿圆 周方向分布。
进一步，所述转动主动件与转动从动件以减速传动的方式实现动力传递。
进一步，所述平动主动件与平动从动件以增速传动的方式实现动力传递。
进一步，所述转动主动件与转动从动件之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动，所述平动主动件与平动从动件之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动。
进一步，所述手柄设置有用于实时显示取样槽打开长度的显示单元。
本发明公开的一种旋切操作组件，通过转动主动件与转动从动件驱动配合和平动主动件与平动从动件驱动配合，使转动从动件和平动从动件以差速转动的方式驱动内刀转动和平动运动，避免需要减速器实现减速输出而造成旋切操作组件整体结构复杂且较重，结构简单，装配方便，使用时易于操作，取样效率高，保证手术成功，同时，保证转动和平动不易发生干涉，操作组件运行顺畅且稳定，手术旋切效率高，利于保证手术安全。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为本发明所提供旋切刀具的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A处放大图；
图3为本发明所提供旋切刀具中手柄的结构示意图；
图4为本发明所提供旋切刀具的安装后结构示意图；
图5为图4中B处放大图；
图6为图5中C处放大图；
图7为本发明所提供旋切刀具中转动驱动件和平动驱动件的结构示意图；
图8为图7的左视图；
图9为本发明所提供旋切操作组件的结构示意图；
图10为本发明所提供旋切操作组件的另一结构示意图；
图11为本发明所提供旋切操作组件中驱动机构的结构示意图；
图12为图11的左视图。
具体实施方式
请参考图1至图8，图1为本发明所提供旋切刀具的结构示意图，图2为图1中A处放大图，图3为本发明所提供旋切刀具中手柄的结构示意图，图4为本发明所提供旋切刀具的安装后结构示意图，图5为图4中B处放大图，图6为图5中C处放大图，图7为本发明所提供旋切刀具中转动驱动件和平动驱动件的结构示意图，图8为图7的左视图。
如图所示，本实施例中的旋切刀具1；包括前端设有取样槽5的外刀3、内套于外刀3的内刀4和与外刀3固定连接的刀柄15，还包括与内刀4周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动驱动件6和与内刀4通过丝杠结构配合的平动驱动件7；所述转动驱动件6驱动内刀4旋转并与平动驱动件7形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀4轴向运动进而实现取样槽5取样；前端为刀具的穿刺端，反之为后端，内刀4平动表示内刀4沿轴向往复运动，配合内刀4自身转动实现旋切运动，当然，转动驱动件6和平动驱动件7的不同转速可通过设置不同传动比或不同电机的不同转速驱动均能实现,所述转动驱动件6和平动驱动件7转动方向可相同或不同，转向相同时内刀4轴向驱动速度较慢，转向不同时内刀4轴向驱动速度较快，利用转动驱动件6和平动驱动件7转动差速实现驱动内刀4，简化旋切刀具的结构，提高内刀4运行的稳定性，保证手术的安全；丝杠结构驱动现有的驱动机构，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，还包括固定外套于内刀4的旋转推套11，所述平动驱动件7为平动驱动齿轮7并以与旋转推套11螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套11；所述旋转推套11的外圆设置外螺纹，所述平动驱动齿轮7可外套于旋转推套中端或后端，优选外套于旋转推套11的后端，设置于旋转推套11外圆的外螺纹位于旋转推套11的中后段，保证结构紧凑，如图所示，所述平动驱动齿轮7沿刀柄15的轴向固定设置，当然所述平动驱动件7也可以用带传动或链传动，均能实现发明目的，本实施例优选直接齿轮传动，结构简单，安装方便；通过丝杠结构驱动旋转推套11旋进，进而带动内刀4旋切运动，保证驱动力大且稳定。
本实施例中，所述转动驱动件6为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套11的转动驱动套6，转动驱动套6的后端外圆设置有转动传动齿轮12；旋转推套11的外圆沿径向向外延伸形成环台13，环台13通过键槽结构与转动驱动套6内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合；环台13优选位于旋转推套11的外圆前端，当然，环台13沿径向向外支撑于转动驱动套6，通过转动驱动套6的设置，保证旋转推套11的外螺纹与转动驱动套6发生干涉，同时转动驱动套6内圆沿轴向设置导向长键或滑槽与环台13的滑槽或导向键配合，适用于旋转推套11沿轴向相对于转动驱动套6滑动。
本实施例中，所述转动驱动套6的后端面抵压于平动驱动齿轮7的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮7轴向限位；所述转动驱动套6的内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套11外螺纹的支撑环12a；所述支撑环12a优选位于转动驱动套6的内圆后端，利于减小转动驱动套6与平动驱动齿轮7之间和转动驱动套6与旋转推套11之间的摩擦力，支撑环12a可与转动传动齿轮12沿径向正对，利于保证转动驱动套6沿径向的稳定性，利于提高转动驱动套6转动的稳定性。
本实施例中，所述转动驱动套6的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键6a，所述环台13外圆设置有与导向长键6a配合的滑槽13a，所述导向长键16a和滑槽13a分别为多个并沿圆周方向分布；本实施例导向长键16a和滑槽13a分别为4个并沿圆周方向均匀分布，进一步提高旋转推套11滑动的稳定性，避免卡止。
本实施例中，所述键槽结构的横向断面为矩形；利于提高键槽结构配合的稳定性，加工方便，配合精度高。
本实施例中，所述内刀4前端侧壁设置有通气孔20，内刀4的后端口通过形成负压使气体依次通过内刀4与外刀3的径向间隙21、通气孔20和内刀内腔22并形成气流通路；所述内刀4后端连通抽吸装置，通过通气孔20的设置，避免内刀4在前端形成封堵，同时避免液体进入内刀4与外刀3的径向间隙21，而该径向间隙21的设置易于保证内腔前端的负压适中，利于样本的吸附。
本实施例中，还包括后端沿轴向向后插入并固定于外刀3前端的穿刺头23，穿刺头23的后端外圆设置有沉台24，所述内刀4前端设置有由后向前沿 径向向外倾斜的旋切刀头25，所述沉台24的后端形成与旋切刀头25倾斜度相配合的斜面26用于对旋切刀头25轴向限位；通过在沉台24后端设置斜面26对旋切刀头25轴向限位，可避免对旋切刀头25的损伤，同时保证被取样本能够被完全切断。
本实施例中，所述穿刺头23的后端面沿轴向向后凸出形成推挡柱27，当内刀4运动到最前端时，所述推挡柱27与内刀4内圆之间形成径向间隙28；设置推挡柱27可使样本在取样槽5前端形成由后向前逐渐减少的结构，利于样本容易在斜面26处被切断，保证顺利取样。
本实施例中，所述通气孔20为沿周向设置的条形孔，所述条形孔20为一个沿圆周方向延伸的通气环，或所述条形孔为多个并以沿圆周方向均匀分布的方式组成通气环，所述通气环沿轴向设置为至少一个；本实施例中所述条形孔沿周向设置为3个，所述通气环沿轴向设置为2个，该结构利于保证气体流量大且通气顺畅，同时保证旋切刀头25强度大，不易损坏。
所述旋切刀具1使用时与手柄2通过卡接固定，手柄2的手柄壳体14沿轴向设置安装槽16，所述安装槽16的后端面沿轴向向前固定设置有销柱18a，安装槽16的前端固定设置有用于固定刀柄15的卡簧17；所述刀柄15的后端设置有与销柱18a配合用于径向固定刀柄15的开口槽18，刀柄15的前端外圆沿径向向内凹陷形成用于卡簧17的径向卡爪嵌入的卡接槽19；如图所示实施例中，所述销柱18a和开口槽18均为两个，卡簧17的径向卡爪和卡接槽19也均为两个，安装时，先将刀柄15倾斜并向后安装，使销柱18a嵌入开口槽18，然后使刀柄15前端向上运动，让刀柄15前端嵌入卡簧17内并使卡簧17的径向卡爪嵌入卡接槽19实现卡接固定，反之，拆卸时，先拆刀柄15前端，再拆后端，方便快速装拆，固定稳定。
请参考图9至图12，图9为本发明所提供旋切操作组件的结构示意图；图10为本发明所提供旋切操作组件的另一结构示意图；图11为本发明所提供旋切操作组件中驱动机构的结构示意图；图12为图11的左视图。
如图所示，包括刀具1和固定安装于刀具1的手柄2，所述刀具至少包括前端设有取样槽5的外刀3和内套于外刀3的内刀4；
所述刀具1还包括与内刀4周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动从动件6和与内刀4通过丝杠结构配合的平动从动件7；所述手柄2包括手柄主体和安装于 手柄主体的驱动部件，所述驱动部件包括用于驱动转动从动件6转动的转动主动件8和用于驱动平动从动件7的平动主动件9；所述转动从动件6驱动内刀4旋转并与平动从动件7形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀4轴向运动进而实现取样槽5取样；前端为刀具的穿刺端，反之为后端，所述刀具1和手柄2可一体设置，也可通过可拆卸的方式固定连接；转动主动件与转动从动件的传动方式和平动主动件与平动从动件的传动方式均可为带传动、链传动或齿轮直接传动；内刀4平动表示内刀4沿轴向往复运动，配合内刀4自身转动实现旋切运动，当然，转动从动件6和平动从动件7的不同转速可通过设置不同传动比或不同电机的不同转速驱动均能实现,所述转动从动件6和平动从动件7转动方向可相同或不同，转向相同时内刀4轴向驱动速度较慢，转向不同时内刀4轴向驱动速度较快，利用转动从动件6和平动从动件7转动差速实现驱动内刀4，简化旋切刀具的结构，提高内刀4运行的稳定性，保证手术的安全；丝杠结构驱动现有的驱动机构，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，所述转动主动件8与转动从动件6以减速传动的方式实现动力传递；转动主动件8通过减速传动的方式将动力传递转动从动件6，利于提高动力输入的转动力矩，保证转动从动件6转动顺畅，避免内刀受到较大转动阻力矩而卡止。
本实施例中，所述转动主动件8和和平动主动件9分别为转动主动齿轮8和平动主动齿轮9，所述平动主动齿轮9的内圈两端沿轴向延伸转轴套10，所述转动主动齿轮8周向传动外套于所述转轴套10的一端；如图所示，转轴套10的前端通过固定销固定外套于电机的转轴，转动主动齿轮8通过转轴套10前端外圆的花键周向传动外套于转轴套10，结构紧凑，驱动稳定。
本实施例中，所述平动主动件9与平动从动件7以增速传动的方式实现动力传递；平动主动件9通过增速传动的方式将动力传递转动从动件6，利于与转动主动件8与转动从动件6的减速传动机构配合形成有效的差速驱动。
本实施例中，所述转动主动件8与转动从动件6之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动，所述平动主动件9与平动从动件6之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动；保证传动精确，且传动结构强度大，保证动力传动顺畅；
本实施例中，还包括固定外套于内刀4的旋转推套11，所述平动从动件 7为平动驱动齿轮并以与旋转推套11螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套11；所述旋转推套11的外圆设置外螺纹，所述平动驱动齿轮7可外套于旋转推套中端或后端，优选外套于旋转推套11的后端，设置于旋转推套11外圆的外螺纹位于旋转推套11的中后段，保证结构紧凑，如图所示，所述平动驱动齿轮7沿刀柄15的轴向固定设置，当然所述平动从动件7也可以用带传动或链传动，均能实现发明目的，本实施例优选直接齿轮传动，结构简单，安装方便；通过丝杠结构驱动旋转推套11旋进，进而带动内刀4旋切运动，保证驱动力大且稳定。
本实施例中，所述转动从动件6为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套11的转动驱动套6，转动驱动套6的后端外圆设置有转动传动齿轮12；旋转推套11的前端外圆沿径向向外延伸形成环台13，环台13通过键槽结构与转动驱动套6内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合；环台13优选位于旋转推套11的外圆前端，当然，换台13沿径向向外支撑于转动驱动套6，通过转动驱动套6的设置，保证旋转推套11的外螺纹与转动驱动套6发生干涉，同时转动驱动套6内圆沿轴向设置导向长键或滑槽与环台13的滑槽或导向键配合，适用于旋转推套11沿轴向相对于转动驱动套6滑动；如图所示，本实施例的转动传动齿轮12的齿数C、转动主动齿轮8的齿数A、平动主动齿轮9的齿数B和平动从动齿轮7的齿数D之间的大小关系为：A<C,D<B，保证传动结构紧凑，利于对内刀提供高效的旋切驱动力旋。
本实施例中，所述转动驱动套6的面抵压于平动驱动齿轮的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮轴向限位；所述转动驱动套6的内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套11后端外螺纹的支撑环12a；所述支撑环12a优选位于转动驱动套6的内圆后端，利于减小转动驱动套6与平动驱动齿轮7之间和转动驱动套6与旋转推套11之间的摩擦力，支撑环12a可与转动传动齿轮12沿径向正对，利于保证转动驱动套6沿径向的稳定性，利于提高转动驱动套6转动的稳定性。
本实施例中，所述转动驱动套6的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键6a，所述环台13外圆设置有与导向长键6a配合的滑槽13a，所述导向长键6a和滑槽13a分别为多个并沿圆周方向分布；本实施例导向长键16a和滑槽13a分别为4个并沿圆周方向均匀分布，进一步提高旋转推套11滑动的稳定性，避免卡 止，所述键槽结构的横向断面为矩形，利于提高键槽结构配合的稳定性，加工方便，配合精度高。
本实施例中，所述手柄2设置有用于实时显示取样槽5打开长度的显示单元29；所述显示单元采用成排的led芯片，可通过直接接收主机的命令并按照同步显示的状态点亮或者熄灭led，达到直观观察取样槽5打开长度的目的；当然，也可采用显示屏的模式，也能实现本发明目的，为取样提供客观、直观的依据，对操作者的取样操作形成客观指导，使得取样数量精准易控且不易取样失败，提高工作效率，减少患者的痛苦；取样槽5打开长度数据监测方法并实时显示得方法可采用现有技术实现，在此不再赘述。
在另一实施例中，所述内刀4前端侧壁设置有通气孔20，内刀4的后端口通过形成负压使气体依次通过内刀4与外刀3的径向间隙21、通气孔20和内刀内腔22并形成气流通路，所述内刀4与外刀3的径向间隙为；所述内刀4后端连通抽吸装置，通过通气孔20的设置，避免内刀4在前端形成封堵，同时避免液体进入内刀4与外刀的径向间隙21，而该径向间隙21宽度的设置易于保证内腔前端的负压适中，利于样本的吸附；所述通气孔20为沿周向设置的条形孔，所述条形孔为多个并以沿圆周方向均匀分布的方式组成通气环，所述通气环沿轴向设置为多个；所述条形孔沿周向设置为3个，所述通气环沿轴向设置为2个，该结构利于保证气体流量大且通气顺畅，同时保证旋切刀头25强度大，不易损坏。
还包括后端沿轴向向后插入并固定于外刀3前端的穿刺头23，穿刺头23的后端外圆设置有沉台24，所述内刀4前端设置有由后向前沿径向向外倾斜的旋切刀头25，所述沉台24的后端形成与旋切刀头25倾斜度相配合用于对旋切刀头25轴向限位的斜面26；通过在沉台24后端设置斜面26对旋切刀头25轴向限位，可避免对旋切刀头25的损伤，同时保证被取样本能够被完全切断。
所述穿刺头23的后端面沿轴向向后凸出形成推挡柱27，当内刀4运动到最前端时，所述推挡柱27与内刀4内圆之间形成径向间隙28；设置推挡柱27可使样本在取样槽5前端形成由后向前逐渐减少的结构，利于样本容易在斜面26处被切断，保证顺利取样。
使用时，旋切刀具1与手柄2可通过卡接固定，手柄2的手柄壳体14 沿轴向设置安装槽16，所述安装槽16的后端面沿轴向向前固定设置有销柱18a，安装槽16的前端固定设置有用于固定刀柄15的卡簧17；所述刀柄15的后端设置有与销柱18a配合用于径向固定刀柄15的开口槽18，刀柄15的前端外圆沿径向向内凹陷形成用于卡簧17的径向卡爪嵌入的卡接槽19；如图所示，所述销柱18a和开口槽18均为两个，卡簧17的径向卡爪和卡接槽19也均为两个，安装时，先将刀柄15倾斜并向后安装，使销柱18a嵌入开口槽18，然后使刀柄15前端向上运动，让刀柄15前端嵌入卡簧17内并使卡簧17的径向卡爪嵌入的卡接槽19实现卡接固定，反之，拆卸时，先拆刀柄15前端，再拆后端，方便快速装拆，固定稳定。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种旋切刀具，其特征在于：包括前端设有取样槽的外刀和内套于外刀的内刀，还包括与内刀周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动驱动件和与内刀通过丝杠结构配合的平动驱动件；所述转动驱动件驱动内刀旋转并与平动驱动件形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀轴向运动进而实现取样槽取样；还包括固定外套于内刀的旋转推套，所述平动驱动件为平动驱动齿轮并以与旋转推套螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套；所述转动驱动件为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套的转动驱动套，转动驱动套的外圆设置有转动传动齿轮。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述转动驱动套的后端面抵压于平动驱动齿轮的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮轴向限位；所述转动驱动套的后端内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套后端外螺纹的支撑环。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述旋转推套的外圆沿径向向外延伸形成通过键槽结构与转动驱动套内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合的环台。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述转动驱动套的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键，所述环台外圆设置有与导向长键配合的滑槽，所述导向长键和滑槽分别为多个并沿圆周方向分布。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述导向长键和滑槽的横向断面为矩形。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述内刀前端侧壁设置有通气孔，内刀的后端口通过形成负压使气体依次通过内刀与外刀的径向间隙、通气孔和内刀内腔并形成气流通路。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：还包括后端沿轴向向后插入并固定于外刀前端的穿刺头，穿刺头的后端外圆设置有沉台，所述内刀前端设置有由后向前沿径向向外倾斜的旋切刀头，所述沉台的后端形成与旋切刀头倾斜度相配合的用于对旋切刀头轴向限位的斜面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述穿刺头的后端面沿轴向向后凸出形成推挡柱，所述推挡柱与内刀内圆之间形成径向间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的旋切刀具，其特征在于：所述通气孔为沿周向设置的条形孔，所述条形孔为一个沿圆周方向延伸的通气环，或所述条形孔为多个并以沿圆周方向均匀分布的方式组成通气环，所述通气环沿轴向设置为至少一个。
  10. 一种旋切操作组件，其特征在于：包括刀具和固定安装于刀具的手柄，所述刀具至少包括前端设有取样槽的外刀和内套于外刀的内刀；
    所述刀具还包括与内刀周向传动轴向滑动配合的转动从动件和与内刀通过丝杠结构配合的平动从动件；所述手柄包括手柄主体和安装于手柄主体的驱动部件，所述驱动部件包括用于驱动转动从动件转动的转动主动件和用于驱动平动从动件的平动主动件；所述转动从动件驱动内刀旋转并与平动从动件形成转速差，通过该转速差驱动内刀轴向运动进而实现取样槽取样；还包括固定外套于内刀的旋转推套，所述平动从动件为平动驱动齿轮并以与旋转推套螺纹配合的方式外套于旋转推套；所述转动从动件为以径向限位的方式外套于旋转推套的转动驱动套，转动驱动套的外圆设置有转动传动齿轮。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述转动主动件和平动主动件分别为转动主动齿轮和平动主动齿轮，所述平动主动齿轮的内圈两端沿轴向延伸形成转轴套，所述转动主动齿轮周向传动外套于所述转轴套的一端。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述转动驱动套的后端面抵压于平动驱动齿轮的前端面形成对平动驱动齿轮轴向限位；所述转动驱动套的内圆沿径向向内凸出形成外套于旋转推套的外螺纹的支撑环。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述旋转推套的外圆沿径向向外延伸形成通过键槽结构与转动驱动套内圆轴向滑动周向传动配合的环台。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述转动驱动套的内圆沿轴向设置有导向长键，所述环台外圆设置有与导向长键配合的滑槽，所述导向长键和滑槽分别为多个并沿圆周方向分布。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述转动主 动件与转动从动件以减速传动的方式实现动力传递，所述平动主动件与平动从动件以增速传动的方式实现动力传递。
  16. 根据权利要求10-15所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述转动主动件与转动从动件之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动，所述平动主动件与平动从动件之间直接通过齿轮啮合传动。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述手柄设置有用于实时显示取样槽打开长度的显示单元。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述刀具与手柄卡接固定，所述手柄的手柄壳体沿轴向设置安装槽，所述安装槽的后端面沿轴向向前固定设置有销柱，所述安装槽的前端固定设置有用于固定刀柄的卡接件；所述刀柄的后端设置有与所述销柱配合用于径向固定刀柄的开口槽，所述刀柄的前端外圆沿径向向内凹陷形成用于嵌入卡接件的卡接槽。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的旋切操作组件，其特征在于：所述卡接件为卡簧，所述卡簧设有用于嵌入所述卡接槽的径向卡爪。
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