WO2018092478A1 - 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法 - Google Patents

燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018092478A1
WO2018092478A1 PCT/JP2017/037161 JP2017037161W WO2018092478A1 WO 2018092478 A1 WO2018092478 A1 WO 2018092478A1 JP 2017037161 W JP2017037161 W JP 2017037161W WO 2018092478 A1 WO2018092478 A1 WO 2018092478A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
fuel cell
reformer
containing gas
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/037161
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
友規 三浦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority to US16/333,976 priority Critical patent/US20190267652A1/en
Priority to DE112017005847.3T priority patent/DE112017005847T8/de
Priority to CN201780056019.XA priority patent/CN109792062A/zh
Publication of WO2018092478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018092478A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04425—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/04932—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H01M8/0687—Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the fuel cell system of the present invention always stores an amount of hydrogen-containing gas necessary for starting the fuel cell in a hydrogen storage container under the control of the control unit during steady operation.
  • the hydrogen-containing gas stored from the hydrogen storage container is supplied to the fuel cell, whereby the fuel cell is started and power generation is started.
  • the reformer is activated and hydrogen production is started.
  • the fuel cell can continue power generation using hydrogen produced by the reformer.
  • the output power of the fuel cell is larger than the power consumed by the reformer.
  • the operating temperature of the fuel cell is preferably equal to or higher than the operating temperature of the reformer.
  • the present invention is applied to a fuel cell system including a second power supply path and a control unit.
  • the control unit of the fuel cell system receives the measurement data of the measurement unit, and determines the production amount of the hydrogen-containing gas in the reformer, the storage amount of the hydrogen-containing gas in the hydrogen storage container, and the power generation amount of the fuel cell. Control.
  • the control unit stores a threshold value of measurement data corresponding to the minimum amount of hydrogen-containing gas necessary for starting the fuel cell. By comparing the measured data input from the measuring unit with the stored threshold value and making a feedback control of the production volume of the hydrogen-containing gas in the reformer, the storage amount of the hydrogen storage container can be used to start the fuel cell. Control more than necessary.
  • the self-sustained start-up of the fuel cell system in the present invention refers to starting the reformer and the fuel cell without receiving supply of electric energy or equivalent energy from the outside, starting power generation, and supplying energy to the external load.
  • the hydrogen source is a means for storing a raw material containing hydrogen and supplying this material as a raw material to the fuel cell system of the present invention. More specifically, it refers to a storage container for raw materials containing hydrogen or a supply pipe communicating with the storage container.
  • the substance stored or supplied by the hydrogen source is a hydrocarbon gas such as ammonia, urea, or methane.
  • the fuel cell system of the present invention and the operation method of this apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the fuel cell system 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an input unit 11, a reformer 12, a hydrogen storage container 13, a measurement unit 14, a fuel cell 15, and a control unit 18.
  • An open / close valve 19 is provided on the outlet side of the hydrogen storage container 13.
  • the control unit 18 is connected to the input unit 11, the reformer 12, the measurement unit 14, the fuel cell 15, the oxygen supply unit 43, and the on-off valve 19 in a communicable state.
  • the fuel cell 15 is connected to a first power supply path 16 that supplies at least a part of the generated power to the reformer and a second power supply path 17 that supplies power to the external load 42.
  • the fuel cell 15 generates power using the hydrogen-containing gas supplied from the hydrogen storage container 13 and oxygen contained in the air supplied from the oxygen supply means 43.
  • a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an operating temperature of 100 ° C. or less is most preferably applied.
  • the power output from the fuel cell is distributed and supplied to the first power supply path 16 and the second power supply path 17.
  • the control unit 18 monitors the power generation amount of the fuel cell 15 and secures the necessary power generation amount. For this purpose, the control unit 18 controls the opening / closing amount of the on-off valve 19 and the oxygen supply amount of the oxygen supply means 43.
  • a normal blower (fan) is preferably used for the oxygen supply means 43.
  • step S27 the oxygen supply means 43 is stopped, and the oxygen supply to the fuel cell 15 is stopped.
  • step S28 the operation of the fuel cell 15 is stopped.
  • control part 18 opens the input part 11, and introduce
  • the reformer 12 is activated to start production of hydrogen (step S8).
  • the control unit 18 confirms again the measurement data of the measurement unit 14 and confirms that a hydrogen-containing gas that is equal to or greater than the amount of hydrogen for activation is stored in the hydrogen storage container 13 (step S9).
  • step S9 becomes yes, and the normal operation is started to control the power generation amount (step S10).
  • supply of power to the external load 42 is started via the second power supply path (step S11).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
PCT/JP2017/037161 2016-11-18 2017-10-13 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法 Ceased WO2018092478A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/333,976 US20190267652A1 (en) 2016-11-18 2017-10-13 Fuel Battery System and Fuel Battery System Operation Method
DE112017005847.3T DE112017005847T8 (de) 2016-11-18 2017-10-13 Brennstoffbatteriesystem und Brennstoffbatteriesystem-Betriebsverfahren
CN201780056019.XA CN109792062A (zh) 2016-11-18 2017-10-13 燃料电池系统和燃料电池系统操作方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016224911A JP6789080B2 (ja) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法
JP2016-224911 2016-11-18

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WO2018092478A1 true WO2018092478A1 (ja) 2018-05-24

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PCT/JP2017/037161 Ceased WO2018092478A1 (ja) 2016-11-18 2017-10-13 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法

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US (1) US20190267652A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP6789080B2 (enExample)
CN (1) CN109792062A (enExample)
DE (1) DE112017005847T8 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2018092478A1 (enExample)

Cited By (1)

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WO2021024511A1 (ja) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 株式会社セイブ・ザ・プラネット アンモニアの燃焼方法及びアンモニアの燃焼システム

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JP7278544B2 (ja) * 2019-04-26 2023-05-22 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 燃料改質装置及び燃料改質方法
CN110272020B (zh) * 2019-06-27 2022-03-25 大连民族大学 一种阵列式非平衡等离子体重整器的控制方法
CN212669209U (zh) * 2019-11-25 2021-03-09 福建海峡两岸环境工程有限公司 一种应用氢气生产装置供用氢燃电池的模块
US12000333B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-06-04 AMOGY, Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US11724245B2 (en) 2021-08-13 2023-08-15 Amogy Inc. Integrated heat exchanger reactors for renewable fuel delivery systems
JP2024521417A (ja) 2021-06-11 2024-05-31 アモジー インコーポレイテッド アンモニアを処理するためのシステムおよび方法
US11539063B1 (en) 2021-08-17 2022-12-27 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods for processing hydrogen
JP7291819B1 (ja) 2022-02-08 2023-06-15 株式会社三井E&S アンモニア固体酸化物形燃料電池システム、運転方法、及びプログラム
US11912574B1 (en) 2022-10-06 2024-02-27 Amogy Inc. Methods for reforming ammonia
US11795055B1 (en) 2022-10-21 2023-10-24 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US11866328B1 (en) 2022-10-21 2024-01-09 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021024511A1 (ja) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 株式会社セイブ・ザ・プラネット アンモニアの燃焼方法及びアンモニアの燃焼システム
JP2021025715A (ja) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-22 株式会社セイブ・ザ・プラネット アンモニアの燃焼方法及びアンモニアの燃焼システム
JP7236348B2 (ja) 2019-08-06 2023-03-09 株式会社セイブ・ザ・プラネット アンモニアの燃焼方法及びアンモニアの燃焼システム
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CN109792062A (zh) 2019-05-21
US20190267652A1 (en) 2019-08-29
JP6789080B2 (ja) 2020-11-25
JP2018081870A (ja) 2018-05-24
DE112017005847T8 (de) 2019-12-19
DE112017005847T5 (de) 2019-08-01

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