WO2018076729A1 - 一种基于石膏晶须的pvc发泡人造革及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于石膏晶须的pvc发泡人造革及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2018076729A1
WO2018076729A1 PCT/CN2017/089337 CN2017089337W WO2018076729A1 WO 2018076729 A1 WO2018076729 A1 WO 2018076729A1 CN 2017089337 W CN2017089337 W CN 2017089337W WO 2018076729 A1 WO2018076729 A1 WO 2018076729A1
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parts
gypsum
pvc
foamed
foaming
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PCT/CN2017/089337
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘以东
徐广梅
崔庆
何双跃
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东台市富安合成材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2018076729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076729A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/0045—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by applying a ready-made foam layer; obtained by compressing, crinkling or crushing a foam layer, e.g. Kaschierverfahren für Schaumschicht
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N2203/045—Vinyl (co)polymers
    • D06N2203/048—Polyvinylchloride (co)polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/14—Properties of the materials having chemical properties
    • D06N2209/143—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion resistant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1635—Elasticity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1685—Wear resistance
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
    • D06N2211/28—Artificial leather

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers and a preparation method thereof.
  • PVC has been used in a large amount in the garment industry, and cost control can be achieved by replacing PU with PVC.
  • some fillers such as calcium carbonate powder, are added, and the filler mainly serves to increase the stability of the product size and reduce the cost.
  • the artificial leather prepared by the PVC resin is poor in elasticity. Not wear-resistant, anti-corrosion and acid resistance.
  • the problem solved by the present invention is to provide a PVC foamed artificial leather with good elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and acid resistance.
  • a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers comprising a cloth base material, a foam layer and a top layer which are sequentially bonded from the inside to the outside;
  • the foam layer comprises components by weight: PVC resin 95 ⁇ 105 copies, 40 to 50 parts of gypsum whiskers, 40 to 50 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 75 to 85 parts of plasticizer, 3.5 to 4.0 parts of stabilizer, 4.5 to 5.5 parts of foaming agent, and 9.5 to 10.5 parts of color cake;
  • the layers include the following components by weight: 65 to 75 parts of PVC resin, 10 to 20 parts of gypsum whiskers, 46 to 52 parts of plasticizer, 1.5 to 3 parts of stabilizer, and 4.5 to 5.5 parts of color cake.
  • the gypsum whiskers have an aspect ratio of 5 to 7.
  • the PVC resin is a three-type PVC resin.
  • the plasticizer is DOP dioctyl phthalate.
  • a method for preparing a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers the steps are as follows:
  • the foamed layer component and the surface layer component are respectively calendered by a four-roll calender, and then the cloth base material, the foamed layer and the surface layer are laminated by a laminating machine to obtain a semi-finished product. ;
  • Foaming the semi-finished product is sent to a foaming machine for foaming treatment
  • Embossing and cooling winding The semi-finished products are embossed, cooled and wound to obtain a finished PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers.
  • the calcination temperature in the step (1) is controlled to be between 500 and 600 ° C, and the calcination time is controlled to be 20 to 30 min.
  • the foamed layer and the top layer are first bonded, and the temperature at which the foamed layer and the top layer are laminated is controlled at 220 to 230 ° C, and then the foamed layer and the cloth base material are used. fit.
  • the foaming step is foamed through six stages; the first Stage temperature control is 172 to 178 ° C; said second stage temperature control is 187 to 192 ° C; said third stage temperature control is 218 to 224 ° C; said fourth stage temperature control is 233 to 237 °C; the fifth stage temperature control is 228 to 232 ° C; the sixth stage temperature control is 188 to 192 ° C; each of the stages has a duration of 2 to 3 min.
  • step (3) in the laminating machine engagement pressure of 29kg / cm 3 to 31kg / cm 3.
  • the present invention adds gypsum whiskers to both the top layer and the foam layer, and adding a small amount of gypsum whiskers to the surface layer can increase wear resistance and elasticity; the amount of gypsum whiskers in the foam layer is 40 ⁇ 50 parts, the amount of gypsum whiskers is equivalent to the amount of calcium carbonate powder. The total amount of gypsum whiskers and calcium carbonate powder is equivalent to the amount of PVC resin, which can effectively fill and modify. Gypsum whiskers have columnar crystals.
  • the structure can be uniformly and uniformly dispersed in the mixture of calcium carbonate powder and PVC, and the addition of gypsum whiskers can comprehensively improve the performance of the whole artificial leather, so that the elasticity of the artificial leather is good, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and acid resistance are strengthened.
  • the gypsum whiskers are first calcined to convert the gypsum whiskers into an anhydrous type, which can effectively enhance the wear resistance of the subsequently prepared artificial leather.
  • the foamed layer and the top layer are first bonded, and the temperature at which the foamed layer and the top layer are bonded is controlled at 220 to 230 ° C, and then the foamed layer and the cloth-based material are bonded. .
  • the foaming layer and the top layer are firstly bonded for the purpose of high-temperature bonding of the foamed layer and the surface layer, and the polymerization is more closely attached, and the softness and hand feeling of the product are increased, and then the whole and the cloth base are added.
  • the foamed layer and the cloth-based material are generally bonded together, and then the surface layer is attached to the foamed layer, so that not only the height cannot be performed due to the limitation of the cloth-based material.
  • the product is laminated, and the foam layer is unevenly laminated due to the characteristics of the cloth of the cloth base material, so that the surface layer and the foam layer are not well bonded and polymerized, resulting in poor product quality.
  • the foaming stage of the present invention is set in six stages, the first stage temperature control is 172 to 178 ° C, the second stage temperature control is 187 to 192 ° C, and the third stage temperature control is 218 to 224 ° C, The four-stage temperature control is 233 to 237 ° C, the fifth stage temperature control is 228 to 232 ° C, and the sixth stage temperature control is 188 to 192 ° C.
  • the temperature is parabolically increased first and then gradually. Lowering, achieving the best purpose of foaming, better improving the gas permeability, and further polymerizing PVC and filler, and further improving the softness.
  • a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers comprising a cloth base material, a foam layer and a top layer which are sequentially bonded from the inside to the outside;
  • the foam layer comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin 40 parts of gypsum whiskers, 50 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 80 parts of plasticizer, 3.8 parts of stabilizer, 5.0 parts of foaming agent, and 10.0 parts of color cake.
  • the top layer comprises the following components by weight: 75 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of gypsum whiskers, 48 parts of plasticizer, 3 parts of stabilizer, and 5 parts of color cake.
  • the gypsum whiskers have an aspect ratio of 7.
  • the PVC resin is a three-type PVC resin.
  • the plasticizer is DOP dioctyl phthalate.
  • a method for preparing a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers the steps are as follows: (1) calcination: the gypsum whiskers are sent to a calciner for calcination, and the calcination temperature in the step (1) is controlled between 600 ° C The calcination time was controlled at 30 min. (2) Ingredient: The foamed layer component and the top layer component are separately mixed according to the proportion by weight. (3) Kneading and smelting filtration: The prepared foaming layer component and the surface layer component are separately kneaded and smelted and filtered.
  • the foamed layer component and the surface layer component are respectively calendered by a four-roll calender, and then the cloth base material, the foamed layer and the surface layer are laminated by a laminating machine to obtain a semi-finished product. .
  • Foaming The semi-finished product is sent to a foaming machine for foaming treatment.
  • Embossing and cooling winding The semi-finished products are embossed, cooled and wound to obtain a finished PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers.
  • the foamed layer and the top layer are first bonded, and the temperature at which the foamed layer and the top layer are bonded is controlled at 225 ° C, and then the foamed layer and the cloth-based material are bonded together.
  • the foaming step is foamed through six stages; the first stage temperature is controlled to be 175 ° C; and the second stage is controlled to be 190 ° C;
  • the third stage temperature control is 220 ° C;
  • the fourth stage temperature control is 235 ° C;
  • the fifth stage temperature control is 230 ° C;
  • the sixth stage temperature control is 190 ° C; each of the The duration of the phase is 2.5 min.
  • the laminating pressure of the laminator in the step (3) is 30 kg/cm 3 .
  • a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers comprising a cloth base material, a foam layer and a top layer which are sequentially bonded from the inside to the outside;
  • the foam layer comprises the following components by weight: 95 parts of PVC resin 50 parts of gypsum whiskers, 40 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 80 parts of plasticizer, 3.8 parts of stabilizer, 5.0 parts of foaming agent, and 10.0 parts of color cake.
  • the top layer comprises the following components by weight: 70 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of gypsum whiskers, 48 parts of plasticizer, 3 parts of stabilizer, and 5 parts of color cake.
  • the gypsum whiskers have an aspect ratio of 6.
  • the PVC resin is a three-type PVC resin.
  • the plasticizer is DOP dioctyl phthalate.
  • the foamed layer component and the surface layer component are respectively calendered by a four-roll calender, and then the cloth base material, the foamed layer and the surface layer are laminated by a laminating machine to obtain a semi-finished product. .
  • Foaming The semi-finished product is sent to a foaming machine for foaming treatment.
  • Embossing and cooling winding The semi-finished products are embossed, cooled and wound to obtain a finished PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers.
  • the foamed layer and the top layer are first bonded, and the temperature at which the foamed layer and the top layer are bonded is controlled at 225 ° C, and then the foamed layer and the cloth-based material are bonded together.
  • the foaming step is foamed through six stages; the first stage temperature is controlled to be 175 ° C; and the second stage is controlled to be 190 ° C;
  • the third stage temperature control is 220 ° C;
  • the fourth stage temperature control is 235 ° C;
  • the fifth stage temperature control is 230 ° C;
  • the sixth stage temperature control is 190 ° C; each of the The duration of the phase is 2.5 min.
  • the laminating pressure of the laminator in the step (3) is 30 kg/cm 3 .
  • a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers comprising a cloth base material, a foam layer and a top layer which are sequentially bonded from the inside to the outside;
  • the foam layer comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin 45 parts of gypsum whiskers, 45 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 80 parts of plasticizer, 3.8 parts of stabilizer, 5.0 parts of foaming agent, and 10.0 parts of color cake.
  • the top layer comprises the following components by weight: 65 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of gypsum whiskers, 48 parts of plasticizer, 3 parts of stabilizer, and 5 parts of color cake.
  • the gypsum whiskers have an aspect ratio of 5.
  • the PVC resin is a three-type PVC resin.
  • the plasticizer is DOP dioctyl phthalate.
  • a method for preparing a PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers the steps are as follows: (1) calcination: the gypsum whiskers are sent to a calciner for calcination, and the calcination temperature in the step (1) is controlled between 500 ° C The calcination time was controlled at 20 min. (2) Ingredient: The foamed layer component and the top layer component are separately mixed according to the proportion by weight. (3) Kneading and smelting filtration: The prepared foaming layer component and the surface layer component are separately kneaded and smelted and filtered.
  • the foamed layer component and the surface layer component are respectively calendered by a four-roll calender, and then the cloth base material, the foamed layer and the surface layer are laminated by a laminating machine to obtain a semi-finished product. .
  • Foaming The semi-finished product is sent to a foaming machine for foaming treatment.
  • Embossing and cooling winding The semi-finished products are embossed, cooled and wound to obtain a finished PVC foamed artificial leather based on gypsum whiskers.
  • the foamed layer and the top layer are first bonded, and the temperature at which the foamed layer and the top layer are bonded is controlled at 225 ° C, and then the foamed layer and the cloth-based material are bonded together.
  • the foaming step is foamed through six stages; the first stage temperature is controlled to be 175 ° C; and the second stage is controlled to be 190 ° C;
  • the third stage temperature control is 220 ° C;
  • the fourth stage temperature control is 235 ° C;
  • the fifth stage temperature control is 230 ° C;
  • the sixth stage temperature control is 190 ° C; each of the The duration of the phase is 2.5 min.
  • the laminating pressure of the laminator in the step (3) is 30 kg/cm 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革及其制备方法，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂95～105份、石膏晶须40～50份、碳酸钙粉40～50份、增塑剂75～85份、稳定剂3.5～4.0份、发泡剂4.5～5.5份、色饼9.5～10.5份；所述的面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂65～75份、石膏晶须10～20份、增塑剂46～52份、稳定剂1.5～3份、色饼4.5～5.5份；制备步骤如下：(1)煅烧；(2)配料；(3)混炼开炼过滤；(4)压延贴合；(5)发泡；(6)压花冷却收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。

Description

一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，随着服装行业的迅速发展，人们对于皮衣的追求十分狂热，但是真皮的皮衣价格高，保养困难，所以对于人造革和合成革的需求逐渐增长，而由于PU合成革所具有的手感柔软度好和纹路的立体感强的特征，因此大量用于制造皮衣上。在合成革的行业中，很大一部分PU合成革采用湿法揉纹工艺处理，但随着PU合成革会出现水解，产品价格比较贵及不能生产粗纹路产品等技术问题出现，从2005年开始国内PU合成革的生产量每年都有一定幅度的下降。目前，在服装业中已经大量的使用PVC，通过PVC取代了PU可以实现成本的控制。一般在利用PVC制备皮革发泡层时，会加入一些填充物，例如碳酸钙粉等，填充物主要起到增加产品尺寸的稳定性和降低成本，但是，目前通过PVC树脂制备的人造革弹性差、不耐磨、防腐耐酸性差。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足之处，本发明解决的问题为：提供一种弹性好、耐磨、防腐耐酸性强的PVC发泡人造革。
为解决上述问题，本发明采取的技术方案如下：
一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂95～105份、 石膏晶须40～50份、碳酸钙粉40～50份、增塑剂75～85份、稳定剂3.5～4.0份、发泡剂4.5～5.5份、色饼9.5～10.5份；所述的面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂65～75份、石膏晶须10～20份、增塑剂46～52份、稳定剂1.5～3份、色饼4.5～5.5份。
进一步，所述的石膏晶须的长径比为5至7。
进一步，所述的PVC树脂为三型PVC树脂。
进一步，所述的增塑剂为DOP邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。
一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)煅烧：将石膏晶须送入煅烧炉中进行煅烧；
(2)配料：按照重量份比例分别将发泡层组分和面层组分进行混合配料；
(3)混炼开炼过滤：将配好的发泡层组分和面层组分分别进行混炼和开炼并进行过滤；
(4)压延贴合：将发泡层组分和面层组分分别通过四辊压延机进行压延成型，然后将布基材料、发泡层、面层通过贴合机进行贴合，得到半成品；
(5)发泡：将半成品送至发泡机中进行发泡处理；
(6)压花冷却收卷：将半成品进行压花、冷却、收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。
进一步，所述步骤(1)中煅烧温度控制在500至600℃之间，所述的煅烧时间控制在20至30min。
进一步，所述的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，所述发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在220至230℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。
进一步，所述的步骤(5)中发泡步骤经过六个阶段进行发泡；所述的第一 阶段温度控制为172至178℃；所述的第二阶段的温度控制为187至192℃；所述的第三阶段温度控制为218至224℃；所述的第四阶段温度控制为233至237℃；所述的第五阶段温度控制为228至232℃；所述的第六阶段温度控制为188至192℃；所述的每个阶段的持续时间为2至3min。
进一步，所述的步骤(3)中的贴合机的贴合压力为29kg/cm3至31kg/cm3。
本发明的有益效果
1.本发明在面层和发泡层中均增加了石膏晶须，在面层中增加少量的石膏晶须可以增加耐磨性和弹性；在发泡层中石膏晶须的用量为40～50份，石膏晶须的用量和碳酸钙粉的用量相当，石膏晶须和碳酸钙粉的总用量和PVC树脂用量相当，可以有效的起到填充和改性的作用，石膏晶须具有柱状晶体结构，可以均匀充分的分散在碳酸钙粉和PVC的混合料中，石膏晶须加入使整个人造革的性能进行了全面的提升，使人造革的弹性好、耐磨、防腐耐酸性得到加强。在制备人造革时，首先将石膏晶须进行煅烧，使石膏晶须都转化为无水型，可以有效的增强后续制备出来的人造革的耐磨性能。
2.本发明的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在220至230℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。此步骤首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合的目的为将发泡层和面层进行高温贴合，聚合贴合的更加紧密，而且增加了产品的柔软度和手感，然后再整体和布基材料贴合；而现有技术中一般都是先将发泡层和布基材料贴合，然后再将面层贴合在发泡层上，这样由于受到布基材料的限制，不仅不可以进行高度贴合，而且，由于布基材料的布的特性导致发泡层贴合不平整，从而导致面层和发泡层不能很好的贴合聚合，最终导致产品质量差。
3.本发明的发泡阶段设置成了六个阶段，第一阶段温度控制为172至178℃，第二阶段的温度控制为187至192℃，第三阶段温度控制为218至224℃，第四阶段温度控制为233至237℃，第五阶段温度控制为228至232℃，第六阶段温度控制为188至192℃，通过六个阶段的发泡，温度呈抛物线形式先逐步升高再逐步降低，达到发泡的最佳目的，透气性得到更好的提升，也是将PVC和填充物进一步的聚合，柔软性进一步得到提升。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明内容作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂100份、石膏晶须40份、碳酸钙粉50份、增塑剂80份、稳定剂3.8份、发泡剂5.0份、色饼10.0份。面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂75份、石膏晶须20份、增塑剂48份、稳定剂3份、色饼5份。进一步优选，所述的石膏晶须的长径比为7。进一步优选，所述的PVC树脂为三型PVC树脂。进一步优选，所述的增塑剂为DOP邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，步骤如下：(1)煅烧：将石膏晶须送入煅烧炉中进行煅烧，所述步骤(1)中煅烧温度控制在600℃之间，所述的煅烧时间控制在30min。(2)配料：按照重量份比例分别将发泡层组分和面层组分进行混合配料。(3)混炼开炼过滤：将配好的发泡层组分和面层组分分别进行混炼和开炼并进行过滤。(4)压延贴合：将发泡层组分和面层组分分别通过四辊压延机进行压延成型，然后将布基材料、发泡层、面层通过贴合机进行贴合，得到半成品。(5)发泡：将半成品送至发泡机中进行 发泡处理。(6)压花冷却收卷：将半成品进行压花、冷却、收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在225℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。进一步优选，所述的步骤(5)中发泡步骤经过六个阶段进行发泡；所述的第一阶段温度控制为175℃；所述的第二阶段的温度控制为190℃；所述的第三阶段温度控制为220℃；所述的第四阶段温度控制为235℃；所述的第五阶段温度控制为230℃；所述的第六阶段温度控制为190℃；所述的每个阶段的持续时间为2.5min。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中的贴合机的贴合压力为30kg/cm3。
实施例2
一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂95份、石膏晶须50份、碳酸钙粉40份、增塑剂80份、稳定剂3.8份、发泡剂5.0份、色饼10.0份。面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂70份、石膏晶须15份、增塑剂48份、稳定剂3份、色饼5份。进一步优选，所述的石膏晶须的长径比为6。进一步优选，所述的PVC树脂为三型PVC树脂。进一步优选，所述的增塑剂为DOP邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，步骤如下：(1)煅烧：将石膏晶须送入煅烧炉中进行煅烧，所述步骤(1)中煅烧温度控制在550℃之间，所述的煅烧时间控制在25min。(2)配料：按照重量份比例分别将发泡层组分和面层组分进行混合配料。(3)混炼开炼过滤：将配好的发泡层组分和面层组分分别进行混炼和开炼并进行过滤。(4)压延贴合：将发泡层组分和面层组分分别通过四辊压延机进行压延成型，然后将布基材料、发泡层、面 层通过贴合机进行贴合，得到半成品。(5)发泡：将半成品送至发泡机中进行发泡处理。(6)压花冷却收卷：将半成品进行压花、冷却、收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在225℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。进一步优选，所述的步骤(5)中发泡步骤经过六个阶段进行发泡；所述的第一阶段温度控制为175℃；所述的第二阶段的温度控制为190℃；所述的第三阶段温度控制为220℃；所述的第四阶段温度控制为235℃；所述的第五阶段温度控制为230℃；所述的第六阶段温度控制为190℃；所述的每个阶段的持续时间为2.5min。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中的贴合机的贴合压力为30kg/cm3。
实施例3
一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂100份、石膏晶须45份、碳酸钙粉45份、增塑剂80份、稳定剂3.8份、发泡剂5.0份、色饼10.0份。面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂65份、石膏晶须10份、增塑剂48份、稳定剂3份、色饼5份。进一步优选，所述的石膏晶须的长径比为5。进一步优选，所述的PVC树脂为三型PVC树脂。进一步优选，所述的增塑剂为DOP邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，步骤如下：(1)煅烧：将石膏晶须送入煅烧炉中进行煅烧，所述步骤(1)中煅烧温度控制在500℃之间，所述的煅烧时间控制在20min。(2)配料：按照重量份比例分别将发泡层组分和面层组分进行混合配料。(3)混炼开炼过滤：将配好的发泡层组分和面层组分分别进行混炼和开炼并进行过滤。(4)压延贴合：将发泡 层组分和面层组分分别通过四辊压延机进行压延成型，然后将布基材料、发泡层、面层通过贴合机进行贴合，得到半成品。(5)发泡：将半成品送至发泡机中进行发泡处理。(6)压花冷却收卷：将半成品进行压花、冷却、收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在225℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。进一步优选，所述的步骤(5)中发泡步骤经过六个阶段进行发泡；所述的第一阶段温度控制为175℃；所述的第二阶段的温度控制为190℃；所述的第三阶段温度控制为220℃；所述的第四阶段温度控制为235℃；所述的第五阶段温度控制为230℃；所述的第六阶段温度控制为190℃；所述的每个阶段的持续时间为2.5min。进一步优选，所述的步骤(3)中的贴合机的贴合压力为30kg/cm3。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，其特征在于，包括依次由内而外贴合的布基材料、发泡层、面层；所述的发泡层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂95～105份、石膏晶须40～50份、碳酸钙粉40～50份、增塑剂75～85份、稳定剂3.5～4.0份、发泡剂4.5～5.5份、色饼9.5～10.5份；所述的面层按重量份包括组分如下：PVC树脂65～75份、石膏晶须10～20份、增塑剂46～52份、稳定剂1.5～3份、色饼4.5～5.5份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，其特征在于，所述的石膏晶须的长径比为5至7。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，其特征在于，所述的PVC树脂为三型PVC树脂。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革，其特征在于，所述的增塑剂为DOP邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。
  5. 一种根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
    (1)煅烧：将石膏晶须送入煅烧炉中进行煅烧；
    (2)配料：按照重量份比例分别将发泡层组分和面层组分进行混合配料；
    (3)混炼开炼过滤：将配好的发泡层组分和面层组分分别进行混炼和开炼并进行过滤；
    (4)压延贴合：将发泡层组分和面层组分分别通过四辊压延机进行压延成型，然后将布基材料、发泡层、面层通过贴合机进行贴合，得到半成品；
    (5)发泡：将半成品送至发泡机中进行发泡处理；
    (6)压花冷却收卷：将半成品进行压花、冷却、收卷，得到基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革成品。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中煅烧温度控制在500至600℃之间，所述的煅烧时间控制在20至30min。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(3)中首先将发泡层和面层进行贴合，所述发泡层和面层进行贴合的温度控制在220至230℃，然后将发泡层和布基材料贴合。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(5)中发泡步骤经过六个阶段进行发泡；所述的第一阶段温度控制为172至178℃；所述的第二阶段的温度控制为187至192℃；所述的第三阶段温度控制为218至224℃；所述的第四阶段温度控制为233至237℃；所述的第五阶段温度控制为228至232℃；所述的第六阶段温度控制为188至192℃；所述的每个阶段的持续时间为2至3min。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的基于石膏晶须的PVC发泡人造革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(3)中的贴合机的贴合压力为29kg/cm3至31kg/cm3。
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CN108660782A (zh) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-16 佛山市高明威仕达塑料有限公司 一种新能源汽车内饰革及其制备方法
CN110983806A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-10 广东天安新材料股份有限公司 一种pvc发泡人造革及其制备方法
CN111455688A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2020-07-28 河北昊明人造皮革有限公司 一种干法pvc热压变色人造革的制造工艺
CN112080942A (zh) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-15 清远市腾翔皮革有限公司 一种抗开裂的皮革及其生产方法
CN114016301A (zh) * 2021-10-14 2022-02-08 福建冠兴皮革有限公司 一种pvc耐磨皮革及其制备方法

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