WO2018070470A1 - 繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた繊維強化複合材料 - Google Patents
繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた繊維強化複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018070470A1 WO2018070470A1 PCT/JP2017/036979 JP2017036979W WO2018070470A1 WO 2018070470 A1 WO2018070470 A1 WO 2018070470A1 JP 2017036979 W JP2017036979 W JP 2017036979W WO 2018070470 A1 WO2018070470 A1 WO 2018070470A1
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- reinforced composite
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- MWJVRTUEFVHZOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCC1C2(CN)C3CC1C2CC3 Chemical compound NCC1C2(CN)C3CC1C2CC3 MWJVRTUEFVHZOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMZGJLCKJFMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCCC1CC(CCN)CCC1 Chemical compound NCCC1CC(CCN)CCC1 STMZGJLCKJFMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/56—Amines together with other curing agents
- C08G59/58—Amines together with other curing agents with polycarboxylic acids or with anhydrides, halides, or low-molecular-weight esters thereof
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- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/10—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/5026—Amines cycloaliphatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/56—Amines together with other curing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/042—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with carbon fibres
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
- C08J2363/02—Polyglycidyl ethers of bis-phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a matrix resin material for a fiber-reinforced composite material that is a resin composition having a low viscosity and excellent curability in a short time and that has a high heat resistance when cured, and a molding method thereof.
- fiber reinforced composite materials are made of glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber and other reinforcing fibers, and unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, benzoxazine resin, cyanate resin, bismaleimide resin, etc. Since it is composed of a curable matrix resin and is lightweight and excellent in mechanical properties such as strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, it is widely applied as a structural material for aircraft, automobiles, civil engineering and sports equipment.
- the fiber reinforced composite material manufacturing method includes an autoclave molding method or a press molding method using a prepreg in which a reinforcing fiber is impregnated with a thermosetting matrix resin in advance, a step of impregnating a reinforcing matrix with a liquid matrix resin, and heat.
- a resin transfer molding method including a molding step by curing, a liquid compression molding method, a wet lay-up molding method, a pultrusion molding method, or a filament winding molding method is performed.
- a molding method such as resin transfer, which performs impregnation and molding without using a prepreg, uses a low-viscosity matrix resin in order to quickly impregnate reinforcing fibers.
- the resin transfer molding method and the liquid compression molding method require a matrix resin having a high curing speed after impregnating the resin with reinforcing fibers in order to ensure high productivity.
- thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, urethane resins and epoxy resins have been used in resin transfer molding methods and liquid compression molding methods.
- Unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins having radical polymerizability are low in viscosity and excellent in fast curability, but have large curing shrinkage during molding and have relatively high mechanical properties such as heat resistance, strength and toughness of the molding. There is a problem that it is low.
- Urethane resins are excellent in fast curability and can provide a molded product having high strength and toughness, but there are problems that the molded product has low heat resistance and high water absorption.
- an epoxy resin can obtain a molded product having high heat resistance, strength and toughness, there is a problem that the resin viscosity is relatively high.
- a bisphenol A type epoxy resin is generally used because it is excellent in economic efficiency and physical properties.
- a low viscosity bisphenol F type is used to improve the impregnation property of fibers.
- Epoxy resins are also used.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a low-viscosity fiber-reinforced composite material resin composition using a bisphenol F-type epoxy resin.
- the bisphenol F type epoxy resin becomes a cured product having a glass transition temperature lower than that of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and thus is not desirable in applications requiring heat resistance.
- Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4 propose resin compositions comprising an epoxy resin, a polyfunctional acrylate compound, and a curing agent.
- an invention that uses concrete repair materials and adhesives, and has a low glass transition temperature and insufficient heat resistance.
- Patent Document 5 Although efforts have been made to impart fast curability of a resin composition by a combination of an epoxy resin and a specific phenol compound, the time until gelation is still long and the rapid curability is insufficient. .
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 efforts are made to impart fast curability by adding a specific catalyst to a resin composition comprising an epoxy resin and polyethylene polyamine.
- a specific catalyst for impart fast curability by adding a specific catalyst to a resin composition comprising an epoxy resin and polyethylene polyamine.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin is used as the main agent, there is a problem that the viscosity of the main agent is high.
- JP 2006-265434 A JP 2002-256139 A JP 2002-275242 A JP 2012-2111244 A JP 2016-098322 A Special table 2015-535022 gazette Special table 2015-536373 gazette
- the present invention shows good impregnation into reinforcing fibers by reducing the viscosity of the resin composition by lowering the viscosity of the main agent, has fast curability, and is heat resistant of a molded product obtained by curing. It aims at providing the resin composition with high property. Furthermore, it aims at providing the resin composition which can obtain a fiber reinforced composite material with sufficient productivity.
- the present inventors have obtained a molded product having high heat resistance by using a specific epoxy resin, an acrylate compound and an amine compound, thereby solving the above problems. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention includes an epoxy resin (A), a main agent containing a (meth) acrylate compound (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, and an amine represented by the following general formula (1).
- a two-component curable resin composition comprising a curing agent containing a compound (C) and having a mass ratio of the main agent and the curing agent in the range of 85:15 to 65:35, the epoxy resin (A)
- a bisphenol A type epoxy resin is contained in an amount of 75 to 100% by mass, the viscosity at 25 ° C.
- X is preferably an n-valent hydrocarbon group having an alicyclic structure having 6 or more carbon atoms, an n-valent hydrocarbon group having an aromatic ring structure, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a secondary amine structure therein.
- a preferable amine compound (C) there is a diamine represented by the following formula (2) or (3).
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) is trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, or dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate. It is preferably at least one selected from
- the mass ratio of the epoxy resin (A) and the (meth) acrylate compound (B) in the main agent is preferably in the range of 96: 4 to 70:30.
- the main component containing the epoxy resin (A) and the (meth) acrylate compound (B) has a viscosity increase rate of 16% or less after 24 hours at 60 ° C. under a vacuum degree of 1.0 kPa. It is preferable.
- the glass transition temperature of a cured product obtained by curing the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material by heat treatment at 130 ° C. for 5 minutes is 110 ° C. or higher.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is a fiber-reinforced composite material obtained by blending reinforcing fibers with the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite materials.
- the volume content of the reinforcing fiber is preferably 45 to 70%.
- it is the hardened
- the present invention is a method for producing a molded body, wherein the fiber reinforced composite material is molded by a resin transfer molding method or a liquid compression molding method.
- Another embodiment of the present invention comprises an epoxy resin (A) containing 75 to 100% by mass of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin and a (meth) acrylate compound (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule. Including a main agent having a viscosity at 25 ° C.
- a method for producing a molded article comprising: forming a resin composition; blending reinforcing fibers therein to form a fiber-reinforced composite material; and then heat-curing and molding the fiber-reinforced composite material in a mold. is there.
- the resin composition for a fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention includes an epoxy resin (A), a main agent composed of a (meth) acrylate compound (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, and the above general formula ( It is a two-component curable resin composition composed of a curing agent comprising the amine compound (C) represented by 1).
- the epoxy resin (A) used as the component (A) needs to be 75 to 100% by mass of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
- a bisphenol A type epoxy resin By using a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the thermal stability of the main agent can be increased, and the viscosity can be reduced by heating. Moreover, the heat resistance of the molded object obtained by heat-curing is excellent.
- a bisphenol F-type epoxy resin when used as the main component, the heat resistance of the resulting molded article is reduced although the viscosity can be reduced.
- the phenol novolac type epoxy resin is used, the heat resistance of the molded body can be increased, but the viscosity is increased and the impregnation property to the reinforcing fiber is impaired.
- the epoxy resin (A) used in the present invention can contain other epoxy resins as long as it is less than 25% by mass within the range in which the main agent viscosity does not increase.
- it is a compound having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, for example, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol E type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, bisphenol Z type epoxy resin, isophorone bisphenol type epoxy resin.
- Novolak type epoxy resins such as novolak type epoxy resin, cresol novolak type epoxy resin, bisphenol A novolak type epoxy resin, and 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxy-6-methyl Cycloaliphatic epoxy resins such as cyclohexanecarboxylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, Aliphatic epoxy resins such as pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, polyoxyalkylene diglycidyl ether, glycidyl esters such as phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, dimer acid glycidyl ester, tetraglycidyl diamin
- epoxy resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an epoxy resin having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 30000 mPa ⁇ s or less measured with an E-type viscometer having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule is preferable from the viewpoint of viscosity.
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) used in the present invention has three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule as a functional group.
- the number of functional groups in one molecule is less than 2, the heat resistance is also lowered with a decrease in the crosslinking density of the molded product obtained at the time of heat curing.
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) preferably has a viscosity at 50 ° C. measured by an E-type viscometer of 1000 mPa ⁇ s or less because the viscosity of the main agent can be reduced.
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) refers to a compound having three or more acryloyl groups (CH 2 ⁇ CHCO—) or methacryloyl groups (CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) CO—). However, in addition to the (meth) acrylate compound (B), 10% or less of a compound having two or less (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule may be included.
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) does not substantially contain an acid group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphoric acid group, or a sulfonic acid group. Since these acid groups have reactivity with epoxy groups even at room temperature, they increase the viscosity increase rate of molecular weight when mixed with epoxy resins, and impair the stable fiber impregnation property. For the same reason, it is desirable not to have a reactive group (OH group, NH 2 group, etc.) with an epoxy group. For example, it is desirable that the hydroxyl group value does not exceed 10 mgKOH / g.
- the (meth) acrylate compound (B) include acrylate or methacrylate compounds of polyols such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol.
- Two or more types may be used as necessary.
- trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, or the like is preferably used.
- the compounding ratio (A: B mass ratio) of the epoxy resin (A) and the (meth) acrylate compound (B) is preferably in the range of 96: 4 to 70:30.
- the compounding ratio of the epoxy resin exceeds 96, the viscosity becomes too high and sufficient impregnation is not performed, and the fast curability is lowered.
- the compounding ratio is less than 70, the heat resistance is lowered.
- the above main agent has a viscosity at 25 ° C. measured by an E-type viscometer of 10,000 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 8000 mPa ⁇ s or less. Moreover, the viscosity increase rate after 24 hours at 80 ° C. is preferably within 16%, more preferably within 8%. When the viscosity exceeds 10,000 mPa ⁇ s, it is difficult to sufficiently impregnate the reinforcing fibers, and the difference in viscosity from the curing agent becomes large, so that uniform mixing becomes difficult.
- the rate of increase in viscosity exceeds 16%, when the tank for storing the main agent is heated to perform injection impregnation at a lower viscosity, the increase in viscosity is large, resulting in poor molding and deterioration of continuous production stability. This is not preferable because problems such as solidification occur.
- the lower limit of the viscosity is not particularly limited, and the lower the viscosity, the easier the injection impregnation of the composition at the time of molding becomes.
- a polymerization inhibitor can be used in order to increase its thermal stability.
- Polymerization inhibitors include hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, pt-butylcatechol, 2-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, methoxyhydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, 2,5- Di-t-butylbenzoquinone, naphthoquinone, 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, phenothiazine, N-oxyl compound and the like can be used.
- the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.0005 to 0.5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylic compound (B).
- the amine compound (C) used in the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- X- (CH 2 NH 2 ) n (1)
- X represents an n-valent organic group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and n represents 2 or 3.
- the amine compound (C) has 2 or 3 aminomethyl groups in one molecule.
- the aminomethyl group has a high reactivity with an epoxy group or an acryloyl group and is excellent in fast curability. Further, by having two or more aminomethyl groups in one molecule, a molded product having a high crosslink density and excellent heat resistance can be obtained during heat curing.
- amine compound (C) examples include acyclic aliphatic polyamines such as iminobispropylamine, triethylenetetramine, and bis (hexamethylene) triamine having a secondary amine represented by the formula (4) in the molecular structure.
- Bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3,6-trisaminomethylcyclohexane, 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro (5.5) undecane bis Examples thereof include cycloaliphatic polyamines such as (aminomethyl) norbornane, polyamines containing aromatic rings such as metaxylylenediamine (MXDA), and derivatives in which alkyl groups are substituted on these alicyclic rings and aromatic rings.
- cycloaliphatic polyamines such as (aminomethyl) norbornane
- polyamines containing aromatic rings such as metaxylylenediamine (MXDA)
- MXDA metaxylylenediamine
- bis (aminomethyl) norbornane represented by the following formula (2) or bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane represented by the following formula (3) is excellent in fluidity, fast curability, and heat resistance. This is preferable.
- the curing agent contains the amino compound (C) as an epoxy resin curing agent.
- the amino compound (C) is preferably contained in an amount of 70% by mass or more, and other epoxy resin curing agents are preferably not included, but may be blended if the amount is less than 30% by mass.
- examples of other epoxy resin curing agents that can be blended in addition to the component (C) include phenolic and thiol epoxy resin curing agents.
- a hardening accelerator, a viscosity modifier, an internal mold release agent, etc. can be included.
- the phenolic curing agent used as the other epoxy resin curing agent is not particularly limited, but bisphenol A, bisphenol F, substituted or unsubstituted biphenol, phenol novolac resin, triazine skeleton-containing phenol novolak resin, naphthol novolak resin, naphthol Examples include aralkyl type resins, triazine skeleton-containing naphthol resins, and biphenyl aralkyl type phenol resins.
- curing agent may use together 1 type, or 2 or more types.
- Curing agents include tertiary amines, carboxylic acids, Lewis acid complexes, onium salts, imidazoles as curing catalysts or curing accelerators in addition to amino compounds (C) and other epoxy resin curing agents.
- the curing agent containing the amine compound (C) has a viscosity at 25 ° C. measured by an E-type viscometer of 800 mPa ⁇ s or less, preferably 400 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity exceeds 800 mPa ⁇ s, it is difficult to sufficiently impregnate the reinforcing fibers.
- the lower limit of the viscosity is not particularly limited, and the lower the viscosity, the easier the injection impregnation of the composition at the time of molding becomes.
- the resin composition of the present invention is a two-part curable type of a main agent and a curing agent, and is composed of an epoxy resin (A) and a (meth) acrylate compound (B), and an amine represented by the general formula (1)
- a curing agent containing the compound (C) By mixing a curing agent containing the compound (C) at a suitable predetermined ratio, heat curing is possible.
- the mixing ratio of the main agent and the curing agent is determined by the types of the epoxy resin (A) and the amine compound (C) to be used.
- the mass ratio is adjusted by calculating the ratio of the number of epoxy groups contained in all epoxy resins in component (A) and the number of active hydrogens contained in all amine compounds in component (C). It is in the range of 85:15 to 65:35, preferably in the range of 83:17 to 73:27. If the mass ratio is out of the range, the heat resistance and elastic modulus of the obtained cured resin may be lowered.
- a radical polymerizable initiator (D) to the curing agent in order to promote polymerization of the component (B).
- a radical polymerizable initiator (D) an azo compound or an organic peroxide that generates a radical by heating can be used.
- the preferred radical polymerizable initiator (D) for obtaining the effect of the present invention is a compound having a 10-hour half-life temperature of 120 to 160 ° C., more preferably a 10-hour half-life temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. It is a compound at ° C.
- the amount of the radical polymerizable initiator (D) used is 0.005 to 5.0 parts by weight, particularly 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the (meth) acrylate compound (B). Is preferred.
- the addition amount is less than 0.005 parts by mass, the curing rate of the radical polymerizable monomer is lowered, the productivity is lowered, and in some cases, the curing is insufficient, and the heat resistance and toughness of the molded product are impaired.
- the addition amount exceeds 5.0 parts by mass, the curing rate of the radical polymerizable monomer is too high, and a resin composition having a high viscosity increase rate is obtained, and the impregnation property to the stable fiber is impaired. This is also added to the curing agent.
- a plasticizer, a dye, an organic pigment, an inorganic filler, a polymer compound, a coupling agent, a surfactant, a solvent, and the like can be appropriately blended with the main agent and the curing agent.
- other curable resin can also be mix
- curable resins include unsaturated polyester resins, curable acrylic resins, curable amino resins, curable melamine resins, curable urea resins, curable cyanate ester resins, curable urethane resins, curable oxetane resins, Examples include, but are not limited to, curable epoxy / oxetane composite resins. These can be blended in any of them considering the reactivity with the components contained in the main agent and the curing agent, the viscosity, and the like. Formulations that react with components contained in the base or curing agent will be avoided.
- the reinforcing fiber used in the fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention is selected from glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, etc., but carbon fiber is used to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material having excellent strength. Is preferred.
- the volume content of the reinforcing fiber in the fiber-reinforced composite material obtained from the fiber-reinforced composite material resin composition of the present invention and the reinforcing fiber is preferably in the range of 45 to 70%, more preferably 48 to 62%. By setting the amount within this range, a molded article having few voids and a high volume content of reinforcing fibers can be obtained, so that a molding material having excellent strength can be obtained.
- the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention is a two-component type of a main agent and a curing agent
- the main agent and the curing agent are accommodated in separate tanks, and both are mixed during use.
- the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material is preferably cured by injecting the main agent into a mold or the like in which fibers are arranged in advance at a temperature in the range of 50 to 90 ° C. and a curing agent in the range of 20 to 60 ° C. It can be carried out by heating and curing at a temperature of 0 ° C., preferably 100 to 140 ° C., for a time of 15 seconds to 360 seconds, preferably 25 to 150 seconds.
- the main agent and the curing agent may be injected at the same time. However, in order to improve the uniformity, it is desirable that the main agent and the curing agent are mixed immediately before being injected into a mold or the like where the fibers are arranged. However, you may mix in presence of a fiber. If the pouring temperature is low, the fluidity is lowered and poor filling of the mold and fibers is not preferable. Further, when the injection temperature is high, burrs are generated, or the resin is cured at the time of injection, and the resin in the tank or the mold is cured, resulting in poor filling. On the other hand, if the molding time is too short, the resin is not sufficiently filled.
- the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention is a cured product that can be injected and impregnated into a mold at a relatively low injection temperature as described above, and can be released from the mold in a short curing time. Obtainable.
- the cured product of the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the method for producing the fiber-reinforced composite material from the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method or the LCM (Liquid Compression® Molding) method is preferable.
- RTM Resin Transfer Molding
- LCM Liquid Compression® Molding
- a fiber substrate or preform made of reinforcing fibers is placed in a mold, and a liquid resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material is injected into the mold to impregnate the reinforcing fibers.
- a reinforced composite material is obtained and then heated to cure the fiber reinforced composite material to obtain a molded body.
- the curing conditions the conditions described above for curing the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite materials are suitable.
- a fiber base or preform made of reinforcing fibers pre-fitted with a resin is placed in the mold with the molding pressure released, and the mold is clamped to perform impregnation and molding simultaneously.
- the mold is heated to cure the fiber reinforced composite material to obtain a molded body.
- the part which shows a compounding quantity is a mass part unless there is particular notice.
- YD-128 Bisphenol A type epoxy resin (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity (25 ° C.) 12000 mPa ⁇ s)
- YDF-170 Bisphenol F epoxy resin (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity (25 ° C) 2500 mPa ⁇ s)
- YDPN-6300 Phenol novolac type epoxy resin (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical)
- TMPTA trimethylolpropane triacrylate (viscosity (50 ° C.) 19 mPa ⁇ s)
- DTMPTA Ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate (viscosity (50 ° C.) 55 mPa ⁇ s)
- PETTA Pentaerythritol tetra
- the measurement or test method for each physical property is as follows.
- the resin composition is added onto a plate of a gelation tester (Nisshin Kagaku) heated to 120 ° C., and stirred at a speed of 2 revolutions per second using a fluororesin rod.
- the time required for curing to lose plasticity was defined as the gel time.
- Example 1 Using 95 parts of YD-128 as the component (A) and 5 parts of TETTA as the component (B), these were put into a 150 mL plastic container, and using a vacuum mixer “Awatori Netaro” (manufactured by Shinky) The mixture was mixed with stirring at room temperature for 5 minutes to obtain the main agent.
- component (C) 21.8 parts of NBDA and 2.2 parts of resorcinol were placed in a 150 mL plastic container and mixed using a vacuum mixer while stirring for 5 minutes at room temperature to obtain a curing agent. After cooling the obtained main agent and curing agent to 10 ° C. or less, 50 parts of the main agent and 12 parts of the curing agent are put into a 150 mL plastic container, and stirred for 20 seconds at room temperature using a vacuum mixer for a fiber-reinforced composite material. A resin composition was obtained.
- This fiber-reinforced composite material resin composition was poured into a 60 mm long ⁇ 80 mm wide mold provided with a 4 mm thick spacer cut into a flat plate shape, cured for 5 minutes at 130 ° C., and then 50 mm using a tabletop band saw. It cut
- Example 2 to 10 Comparative Examples 1 to 6
- a resin composition for a fiber-reinforced composite material was prepared under the same mixing conditions as in Example 1 except that the raw materials were used in the compositions described in Tables 1 and 2 as the components (A) to (C).
- a test piece for measuring a glass transition temperature was produced by the same molding technique as in Example 1.
- the resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention has a low viscosity and good impregnation into reinforcing fibers and exhibits curability in a short time.
- the molded product obtained by curing has a glass transition temperature. It will be expensive.
- it is suitable as a resin composition for a fiber reinforced composite material used for forming a molded product by subjecting the fiber reinforced composite material to a resin transfer molding method or a liquid compression molding method.
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Abstract
Description
X-(CH2NH2)n (1)
(式中、Xは炭素数1~16のn価の有機基を表し、nは2又は3を表す。)
好ましいアミン化合物(C)としては、下記式(2)または(3)で表されるジアミンがある。
また、上記繊維強化複合材料の硬化物である。さらに、上記繊維強化複合材料を、レジントランスファー成形法、またはリキッドコンプレッション成形法で成形することを特徴とする成形体の製造方法である。
これらのエポキシ樹脂のうち、粘度の観点から、1分子中に2つ以上のエポキシ基を有するE型粘度計により測定した25℃における粘度が30000mPa・s以下のエポキシ樹脂が好ましい。
より具体的には、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、またはジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート等が好ましく用いられる。
X-(CH2NH2)n (1)
(式中、Xは炭素数1~16のn価の有機基を表し、nは2又は3を表す。)
アミン化合物(C)は、アミノメチル基を一分子中に2又は3個有する。アミノメチル基は、エポキシ基やアクリロイル基との反応性が高く速硬化性に優れる。また、一分子中にアミノメチル基を二つ以上有することで、加熱硬化時に架橋密度の高い耐熱性に優れた成形物が得られる。
これらは、主剤および硬化剤に含まれる成分との反応性や粘度等を考慮して、いずれかに配合することができる。主剤又は硬化剤に含まれる成分と反応する配合は、避けることになる。
注入温度が低いと流動性が低下し、成形型及び繊維への充填不良が起こり好ましくない。また、注入温度が高いとバリが発生したり、注入時に樹脂の硬化が始まりタンク内や成形型内での樹脂が硬化し充填不良が発生するため好ましくない。また、成形時間は短すぎると十分に充填されず、長すぎると型内での樹脂が硬化し成形不良が起こるとともに生産性の低下が起こるため好ましくない。本発明の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物は、上記のような比較的低い注入温度にて成形型への注入、含浸が可能となり、また短い硬化時間で型からの離形ができる硬化物を得ることができる。
YD-128:ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(新日鉄住金化学製、粘度(25℃)12000mPa・s)
YDF-170:ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(新日鉄住金化学製、粘度(25℃)2500mPa・s)
YDPN-6300:フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(新日鉄住金化学製)
TMPTA:トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(粘度(50℃)19mPa・s)
DTMPTA:ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラアクリレート(粘度(50℃)55mPa・s)
PETTA:ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(粘度(50℃)130mPa・s)
PETA:ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート(粘度(25℃)180~800mPa・s)
DPETTA:ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(粘度(50℃)940mPa・s)
PEGDA:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(粘度(25℃)13mPa・s)
TETA:トリエチレンテトラミン
CDA:ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン
NBDA:ビス(アミノメチル)ノルボルナン
IPDA:イソホロンジアミン
PACM:4,4-メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルアミン)
混合する前の主剤および硬化剤についてE型粘度計コーンプレートタイプ(東機産業株式会社:RE80H)を用いて25℃で測定した。測定開始から60秒経過後の値を、初期粘度の値とした。
また、主剤については、60℃に加熱された真空オーブンの中に入れ真空度1.0kPaにて24時間静置させてから、E型粘度計を用いて同様に粘度の測定を実施し、測定開始から60秒経過後の値を、24時間経過後の粘度の値とした。そして、主剤の粘度増加率を、下記式を用いて算出した。
主剤の粘度増加率=100×(24時間経過後の粘度/初期粘度)-100
120℃に加熱しておいたゲル化試験機(日新科学製)のプレート上に樹脂組成物を添加し、フッ素樹脂棒を用いて一秒間に2回転の速度で攪拌し、樹脂組成物の硬化が進行し可塑性を失うまでに要した時間をゲル化時間とした。
動的粘弾性試験機を用いて、ガラス転移温度測定用試験片を昇温速度5℃/分、曲げモード、測定周波数10Hzの条件で測定し、損失弾性率(E’’)の最大値をガラス転移温度とした。
(A)成分としてYD-128を95部、(B)成分としてTETTAを5部使用し、これらを150mLのポリ容器へ入れ、真空ミキサー「あわとり練太郎」(シンキー社製)を用いて、室温下で5分間攪拌しながら混合し、主剤を得た。(C)成分としてNBDAを21.8部、レゾルシノール2.2部を150mLのポリ容器へ入れ、真空ミキサーを用いて、室温下で5分間攪拌しながら混合し、硬化剤を得た。
得られた主剤と硬化剤を10℃以下まで冷却した後、主剤50部と硬化剤12部を150mLのポリ容器へ入れ、真空ミキサーを用いて、室温下で20秒攪拌し繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物を得た。
(A)~(C)成分として表1および表2に記載された組成にて各原料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の混合条件にて繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物を作製し、加えて実施例1と同様の成形手法にてガラス転移温度測定用試験片を作製した。
Claims (12)
- エポキシ樹脂(A)と一分子中に(メタ)アクリロイル基を三つ以上有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物(B)を含む主剤と、下記一般式(1)で表されるアミン化合物(C)を含む硬化剤で構成され、主剤と硬化剤の質量比が85:15~65:35の範囲である二液硬化型の樹脂組成物であって、エポキシ樹脂(A)中にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂が75~100質量%含有され、前記主剤のE型粘度計により測定した25℃における粘度が10000mPa・s以下であり、前記硬化剤のE型粘度計により測定した25℃における粘度が800mPa・s以下であることを特徴とする繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
X-(CH2NH2)n (1)
(式中、Xは炭素数1~16のn価の有機基を表し、nは2又は3を表す。) - 一般式(1)のXが、炭素数6以上の脂環構造を有するn価の炭化水素基、芳香環構造を有するn価の炭化水素基、又は脂肪族炭化水素基であり、上記脂環構造、又は脂肪族炭化水素基は、その内部に二級アミン構造を有し得るものである請求項1に記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
- (メタ)アクリレート化合物(B)が、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、またはジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレートから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
- 主剤中のエポキシ樹脂(A)と(メタ)アクリレート化合物(B)の質量比が、96:4~70:30の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
- 主剤について、1.0kPaの真空度にて60℃で24時間経過後の粘度上昇率が、16%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
- 繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物を、130℃で5分間熱処理して硬化させた硬化物のガラス転移温度が110℃以上を示すことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物に、強化繊維を配合してなることを特徴とする繊維強化複合材料。
- 強化繊維の体積含有率が45~70%である請求項8に記載の繊維強化複合材料。
- 請求項8または9に記載の繊維強化複合材料の硬化物。
- 請求項8または7に記載の繊維強化複合材料を、レジントランスファー成形法、またはリキッドコンプレッション成形法で成形することを特徴とする成形体の製造方法。
- ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂を75~100質量%含有するエポキシ樹脂(A)と一分子中に(メタ)アクリロイル基を三つ以上有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物(B)を含み、E型粘度計により測定した25℃における粘度が10000mPa・s以下である主剤と、下記一般式(1)
X-(CH2NH2)n (1)
(式中、Xは炭素数1~16のn価の有機基を表し、nは2又は3を表す。)
で表されるアミン化合物(C)を含む硬化剤を用意すること、
主剤を50~90℃に加温し、硬化剤を20~60℃に加温し、主剤と硬化剤の質量比が85:15~65:35の範囲となるように二液硬化型の繊維強化複合材料用樹脂組成物とすること、これに強化繊維を配合して繊維強化複合材料とすること、次いでこの繊維強化複合材料を金型にて加熱硬化、成形することを特徴とする成形体の製造方法。
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EP3527605A1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
TW201827519A (zh) | 2018-08-01 |
EP3527605B1 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
KR102399500B1 (ko) | 2022-05-19 |
CN109843968B (zh) | 2022-03-25 |
JPWO2018070470A1 (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
JP7012654B2 (ja) | 2022-01-28 |
US20190233633A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
EP3527605A4 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
US11597829B2 (en) | 2023-03-07 |
TWI734846B (zh) | 2021-08-01 |
CN109843968A (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
KR20190068552A (ko) | 2019-06-18 |
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