WO2018003684A1 - 切削インサート及び刃先交換式回転切削工具 - Google Patents
切削インサート及び刃先交換式回転切削工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018003684A1 WO2018003684A1 PCT/JP2017/023160 JP2017023160W WO2018003684A1 WO 2018003684 A1 WO2018003684 A1 WO 2018003684A1 JP 2017023160 W JP2017023160 W JP 2017023160W WO 2018003684 A1 WO2018003684 A1 WO 2018003684A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cutting edge
- central axis
- corner
- cutting
- insert
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/109—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft with removable cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/202—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
- B23C2200/203—Curved cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/28—Angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/28—Angles
- B23C2200/291—Variable rake angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/36—Other features of the milling insert not covered by B23C2200/04 - B23C2200/32
- B23C2200/361—Fixation holes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cutting insert suitable for subjecting a work material to face machining (planar machining), side machining (standing wall surface machining), and the like, and a cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool equipped with the cutting insert.
- This type of end mill includes a shank that is rotated about a central axis, and a cutting edge portion that is formed at the tip of the shank. Further, among the cutting edges, a bottom cutting edge having an arc shape that protrudes toward the tip side is arranged at the tip in the central axis direction, and radially outward at the outer end in the radial direction. The outer peripheral cutting edge which makes
- a bottom cutting edge is used when face cutting (planar machining) is performed on the work material, and an outer peripheral cutting edge is used when side cutting (standing wall machining) is performed. .
- the conventional end mill has the following problems.
- a face is machined on a work material
- the outer edge is cut when a grind (machining, machining trace) is given to the machining surface by cutting with a bottom cutting edge, and when a side machining is performed.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a cutting insert capable of performing cutting so that the properties of the processed surface are uniform regardless of the processing part or shape of the work material. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool using the same.
- One aspect of the present invention is a cutting insert that is detachably attached to a mounting seat formed at the tip of a tool body that is rotated about a central axis, A plate-shaped insert body, and a cutting edge portion formed on the insert body,
- the cutting edge portion is A bottom cutting edge that is disposed at the distal end portion of the insert body in the central axis direction, extends along a radial direction orthogonal to the central axis, and has an arc shape that protrudes toward the distal end side in the central axis direction
- a rake face of the bottom cutting edge An outer peripheral cutting edge that is disposed at the outer end portion of the insert body in the radial direction, extends along the central axis direction, and has an arc shape that protrudes outward in the radial direction;
- a corner R cutting edge that connects an outer end in the radial direction of the bottom cutting edge and a tip in the central axis direction of the
- the bottom cutting edge and the outer peripheral cutting edge are formed so as to have a line-symmetric shape with respect to an intersecting virtual straight line as an axis of symmetry.
- one aspect of the present invention is a cutting insert that is detachably attached to a mounting seat formed at a tip portion of a tool body that is rotated around a central axis.
- a plate-like insert body A cutting edge portion formed on the insert body, The cutting edge portion is A bottom cutting edge that is disposed at the distal end portion of the insert body in the central axis direction, extends along a radial direction orthogonal to the central axis, and has an arc shape that protrudes toward the distal end side in the central axis direction When, A rake face of the bottom cutting edge; An outer peripheral cutting edge that is disposed at the outer end portion of the insert body in the radial direction, extends along the central axis direction, and has an arc shape that protrudes outward in the radial direction; A rake face of the outer peripheral cutting edge; A corner R cutting edge that connects an outer end in the radial direction of the bottom cutting edge and a tip in the central axis direction of the outer peripheral cutting edge, and has an arc shape that protrudes toward the outer periphery of the tip; A rake face of the corner R cutting edge, The curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge and the cur
- one aspect of the present invention includes a tool body that is rotated around a central axis, a mounting seat that is formed at a tip portion of the tool body, and a cutting insert that is detachably mounted on the mounting seat.
- a cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool wherein the above-mentioned cutting insert is used as the cutting insert.
- a screw insertion hole that penetrates the insert body in the thickness direction is formed in the insert body, and a hole center of the screw insertion hole is located on the virtual straight line. It is preferable. Further, in the cutting insert, a screw insertion hole that penetrates the insert body in the thickness direction is formed in the insert body, and the hole center of the screw insertion hole has the radial reference line and the central axis. It is preferable to be located on a virtual straight line passing through the intersection with the direction reference line and the arc center point of the corner R cutting edge.
- the rake face of the bottom cutting edge, the rake face of the outer peripheral cutting edge, and the rake face of the corner R cutting edge are formed on the same plane.
- a straight line passing through the tip in the central axis direction of the bottom cutting edge and extending along the radial direction is a radial reference line
- a tangent at a boundary point between the corner R cutting edge and the bottom cutting edge is a first tangent.
- An angle ⁇ 1 formed between the first tangent and the radial reference line is 12 to 25 °
- the angle ⁇ 2 formed between the second tangent and the radial reference line is preferably (90 ° ⁇ 1) °.
- the curvature radius of the corner R cutting edge is 33% or less with respect to the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge.
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge has a positive value;
- the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge at the boundary point between the corner R cutting edge and the outer peripheral cutting edge has a positive value, It is preferable that an axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge at a boundary point between the corner R cutting edge and the bottom cutting edge has a positive value.
- the cutting insert and the cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool of the present invention it is possible to perform cutting so that the properties of the processed surface are uniform regardless of the processing part and shape of the work material. For this reason, it is possible to obtain good machined surface accuracy over the entire machined surface in finishing and intermediate finishing.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of a blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool. It is a side view of a blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool. It is a front view of a blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool. It is a perspective view which shows the cutting insert with which a blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool is mounted. It is (a) top view, (b) side view, and (c) front view showing a cutting insert. It is the (a) top view, (b) side view, and (c) front view which expand and show the cutting edge part of a cutting insert.
- the cutting insert 5 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool 6 provided with the same are demonstrated with reference to drawings.
- the cutting insert 5 of the present embodiment connects a convex arc-shaped bottom cutting edge 11 called a so-called lens, a convex arc-shaped outer peripheral cutting edge 9 called a so-called barrel, and the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- the cutting edge replaceable rotary cutting tool 6 provided with this cutting insert 5 is used to perform various cutting processes including a face cutting process (planar process) and a side cutting process (standing wall process) on a work material.
- excellent surface accuracy can be obtained in finishing processing and intermediate finishing processing of a processed surface.
- the blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool 6 includes a substantially cylindrical tool body 1 that is rotated around the central axis C, and a tip portion 2 in the direction of the central axis C of the tool body 1.
- a mounting seat 3 formed, and a cutting insert 5 that is detachably mounted on the mounting seat 3 and has a cutting edge portion 4 are provided.
- the cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool 6 of the present embodiment includes a tool main body 1 formed of a steel material or the like, and a cutting insert 5 formed of a cemented carbide harder than the tool main body 1 or the like.
- the mounting seat (insert mounting seat) 3 formed at the tip 2 of the tool body 1 can be removed with a plate-shaped cutting insert 5 with its center axis aligned with the center axis C of the tool. Installed.
- the cutting insert 5 attached to the attachment seat 3 is arranged so that the cutting edge portion 4 protrudes to the distal end side and the radially outer side of the tool body 1.
- the blade tip exchange-type rotary cutting tool 6 has a base end portion (shank portion) of the tool body 1 attached to a main shaft (not shown) of a machine tool, and the main shaft is driven to rotate. It is rotated in the tool rotation direction R. Then, the tool main body 1 together with the main shaft is fed in a direction intersecting the central axis C or in the direction of the central axis C, so that the workpiece 4 made of a metal material or the like is cut by the cutting edge portion 4 of the cutting insert 5. Applying the rolling process (milling process). It is more preferable to use the cutting edge exchange type rotary cutting tool 6 of the present embodiment for a machine tool such as a machining center of 4 to 6 axes multi-axis control.
- the direction in which the central axis C of the tool body 1 extends is referred to as the central axis C direction.
- the direction from the shank portion of the tool body 1 toward the mounting seat 3 is referred to as the tip side
- the direction from the mounting seat 3 toward the shank portion is referred to as the base end side.
- a direction orthogonal to the central axis C is referred to as a radial direction.
- a direction approaching the central axis C is referred to as an inner radial direction
- a direction away from the central axis C is referred to as an outer radial direction.
- a direction that circulates around the central axis C is referred to as a circumferential direction.
- the direction in which the tool body 1 is rotated by the rotation of the spindle during cutting is referred to as the tool rotation direction R, and the opposite rotation direction to the tool rotation direction R (that is, the counter tool rotation direction). ).
- the mounting seat 3 includes a slit-like insert fitting groove 7 formed in the distal end portion 2 of the tool body 1 so as to extend in the radial direction including the center axis C of the tool, and an insert fitting.
- the insert fitting groove 7 is opened at the distal end surface of the tool body 1, extends in the radial direction of the tool body 1, and is also opened at the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 1.
- the insert fitting groove 7 has a slit shape formed with a predetermined length (depth) from the distal end surface of the tool body 1 toward the proximal end side.
- the tip portion 2 of the tool body 1 is divided into two parts to form a pair of tip half parts (half-split pieces).
- an insert fixing screw hole is formed in the distal end portion 2 so as to cross the insert fitting groove 7 and reach the other distal half portion from one surface portion of the distal end half portion.
- the screw hole central axis of the screw hole for fixing the insert extends in the radial direction at the distal end portion 2, and specifically, with respect to the direction in which the insert fitting groove 7 extends in the radial direction of the tool body 1 in the radial direction. , Extending in an orthogonal direction.
- the inner diameter of the hole portion formed in one tip half body portion is larger than the inner diameter of the hole portion formed in the other tip half body portion.
- a female screw portion that is screwed with the male screw portion of the fixing screw 8 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion formed in the other tip half body portion.
- a hole formed in at least one tip half is a through hole. In the example of this embodiment, each hole part of one front-end
- the cutting insert 5 is formed in a plate-like insert body 15, a cutting edge portion 4 formed in the insert body 15, and the insert body 15. And a screw insertion hole 18 penetrating in the vertical direction.
- the cutting insert 5 of the present embodiment is formed so as to be reversely symmetric (180 ° rotational symmetry) with the central axis C as the axis of symmetry.
- the insert body 15 has a substantially flat plate shape.
- the front and back surfaces facing the thickness direction of the insert body 15 are a pair of flat portions 16 and 17.
- the screw insertion hole 18 is a through hole formed so as to penetrate the insert main body 15 in the thickness direction and open to one flat surface portion 16 and the other flat surface portion 17.
- the fixing screw 8 is inserted into the screw insertion hole 18 when the cutting insert 5 is mounted and fixed to the mounting seat 3. The arrangement of the screw insertion holes 18 in the insert body 15 will be described later separately.
- the cutting edge part 4 is arrange
- the cutting edge portion 4 is formed on a rake face that faces the tool rotation direction R, a flank face that intersects the rake face and faces at least one of the tip side and the radially outer side, and a ridge line that intersects the rake face and the flank face. And a cutting edge.
- the cutting edges include an outer peripheral cutting edge 9, a bottom cutting edge 11, and a corner R cutting edge 13.
- the cutting edge is provided with the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, the bottom cutting edge 11, and the corner R cutting edge 13, so that it has a substantially L shape as a whole. Further, a rake face and a flank face are arranged adjacent to each of the cutting edges (9, 11, 13).
- the cutting insert 5 of the present embodiment is a two-blade cutting insert, and the set of cutting edges including the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, the bottom cutting edge 11 and the corner R cutting edge 13 is centered on the central axis C. There are two sets with 180 ° rotational symmetry.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 is disposed at the distal end portion of the insert body 15 in the central axis C direction, extends along the radial direction, and toward the distal end side in the central axis C direction. And has a convex arc shape.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 is inclined and extended toward the front end side in the direction of the central axis C as it goes from the radially outer end connected to the corner R cutting edge 13 to the inside in the radial direction.
- the amount of displacement of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the central axis C direction per unit length along the radial direction that is, the inclination with respect to the radial direction
- the radially inner end of the bottom cutting edge 11 is located at the forefront in the direction of the central axis C.
- the radially inner end of the bottom cutting edge 11 is disposed on the central axis C.
- a tangent (a radial reference line to be described later) RR at the radially inner end (the most distal end in the direction of the central axis C) of the bottom cutting edge 11 extends parallel to a plane (horizontal plane) perpendicular to the central axis C.
- the axial rake angle (axial rake) of the bottom cutting edge 11 is 0 °.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the axial rake angle of the bottom cutting edge 11 may be a positive value (positive angle) or a negative value (negative angle).
- the radial direction rake angle of the bottom cutting edge 11 is 0 degree.
- the radially outer end of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the radially inner end of the corner R cutting edge 13 are common tangent lines (first tangent line described later) at the boundary point A.
- L1 is connected to each other gently. That is, the cutting edge portion that extends radially inward from the boundary point A is the bottom cutting edge 11, and the cutting edge portion that extends radially outward from the boundary point A is the corner R cutting edge 13.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11 is formed in a portion adjacent to the base end side of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the central axis C direction of the rake face of the cutting edge portion 4 facing the tool rotation direction R.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11 is flat.
- the flank of the bottom cutting edge 11 is formed in a portion adjacent to the side opposite to the tool rotation direction R of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the tip surface facing the tip side in the central axis C direction in the insert body 15. Yes.
- the flank of the bottom cutting edge 11 has a curved surface that is convex toward the tip side.
- the flank face of the bottom cutting edge 11 is inclined toward the base end side in the direction of the central axis C as it goes from the bottom cutting edge 11 to the side opposite to the tool rotation direction R. A clearance angle is given.
- the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is disposed at the outer end portion in the radial direction of the insert body 15, extends along the central axis C direction, and protrudes outward in the radial direction. It has a circular arc shape.
- the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 extends obliquely outward in the radial direction from the distal end in the direction of the central axis C connected to the corner R cutting edge 13 toward the base end side.
- the amount of displacement of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the radial direction per unit length along the central axis C direction is the base end from the distal end of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the central axis C direction. As it goes toward the side, it is gradually reduced and becomes zero at the base end in the direction of the central axis C.
- the base end of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the central axis C direction is located at the outermost end in the radial direction in the entire cutting edge length of the cutting edge portion 4.
- a tangent (center axis direction reference line to be described later) CR at the base end (radially outermost end) in the center axis C direction of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is parallel to a plane (vertical surface) parallel to the center axis C.
- the torsion angle (corresponding to the axial rake angle) of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is 0 °.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the twist angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 may be a positive value or a negative value.
- the radial rake angle (center rake angle, radial rake) of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is set to 0 °.
- the rake angle in the radial direction of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 may be a positive value or a negative value.
- the distal end of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the direction of the central axis C and the proximal end of the corner R cutting edge 13 in the direction of the central axis C are common tangent lines (described later).
- the second tangent line L2 is connected to each other gently. That is, the cutting edge portion from the boundary point B toward the proximal end side in the central axis C direction is the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the cutting edge portion from the boundary point B toward the distal end side in the central axis C direction is the corner R cutting edge 13. is there.
- the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is formed at a portion adjacent to the inner side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 among the rake faces of the cutting edge portion 4 facing the tool rotation direction R.
- the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is flat.
- the flank of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is formed in the outer peripheral surface which faces the radial direction outer side in the insert main body 15 in the part adjacent to the opposite side to the tool rotation direction R of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- the flank of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 has a curved surface that is convex outward in the radial direction.
- the flank face of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is inclined inward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction R, whereby a clearance angle is given to the outer peripheral cutting edge 9. ing.
- the corner R cutting edge 13 connects the radial outer end of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the tip of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the central axis C direction, and is directed toward the outer periphery of the tip. And has a convex arc shape.
- the corner R cutting edge 13 is inclined and extended toward the base end side in the central axis C direction from the radially inner end connected to the bottom cutting edge 11 toward the radially outer side.
- the amount of displacement of the corner R cutting edge 13 in the direction of the central axis C per unit length along the radial direction (that is, the inclination with respect to the radial direction) is from the radially inner end of the corner R cutting edge 13 to the radially outer side.
- the corner R cutting edge 13 extends obliquely inward in the radial direction from the proximal end in the direction of the central axis C connected to the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 toward the distal end side.
- the amount of displacement in the radial direction per unit length along the central axis C direction in the corner R cutting edge 13 is the base end of the corner R cutting edge 13 in the central axis C direction.
- the size is gradually increased from the tip toward the tip.
- the rotation locus of the corner R cutting edge 13 is the tip side in the direction of the central axis C. It is formed in a cylindrical shape that gradually decreases in diameter toward the head, and its longitudinal section (cross section including the central axis C) has an arc shape (for example, an arc shape with a central angle (circular center angle) of approximately 60 to 85 °).
- the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 at the boundary point A between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the bottom cutting edge 11 is 0 °. .
- the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 at the boundary point B between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is 0 °.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 at the boundary points A and B may be a positive value or a negative value.
- the rake angle in the radial direction of the corner R cutting edge 13 is set to 0 °.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the rake angle in the radial direction of the corner R cutting edge 13 may be a positive value or a negative value.
- the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 is formed at a portion adjacent to the inside of the corner R cutting edge 13 in the radial direction among the rake faces of the cutting edge portion 4 facing the tool rotation direction R.
- the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 is flat.
- a flank of the corner R cutting edge 13 is formed on a portion of the outer surface of the insert body 15 adjacent to the opposite side of the corner R cutting edge 13 from the tool rotation direction R.
- the flank of the corner R cutting edge 13 has a curved surface that is convex toward the outer peripheral side of the distal end of the insert main body 15 and is formed to face the distal end side in the central axis C direction and radially outward.
- the flank of the corner R cutting edge 13 is inclined so as to go to the base end side in the central axis C direction and radially inward as it goes from the corner R cutting edge 13 to the side opposite to the tool rotation direction R.
- the corner R cutting edge 13 is given a clearance angle.
- the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are the same.
- the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are the outer diameters of the rotation trajectory obtained by rotating the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 about the central axis C (of the cutting edge portion 4. Equal to the maximum diameter).
- the curvature radius of the corner R cutting edge 13 is smaller than the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- the curvature radius of the corner R cutting edge 13 is 33% or less with respect to the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed on the same plane. That is, the entire rake face of the cutting edge of the cutting edge portion 4 is formed by one flat surface.
- the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 is viewed from the front, passes through the arc center point O of the corner R cutting edge 13, and from the arc center point O.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer periphery are cut with a virtual straight line VL extending toward the proximal end in the direction of the central axis C as it goes radially inward and intersecting the central axis C at an angle ⁇ of 45 °.
- the blades 9 are formed so as to be symmetrical with each other.
- the entire cutting edge length of the cutting edge portion 4 is formed in a line-symmetric shape with the virtual straight line VL as an axis of symmetry. Yes.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed on the same plane.
- the above-mentioned “looking at the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 in front” means that the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11 is seen in front and the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is seen in front. It is synonymous.
- the angle ⁇ indicates an acute angle among acute angles and obtuse angles formed by intersecting the virtual straight line VL and the central axis C.
- the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 is viewed from the front, and extends along the radial direction through the tip of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the central axis C direction.
- a straight line is defined as a radial reference line RR
- a straight line extending along the central axis C direction through the radial outer end of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is defined as a central axis reference line CR
- the corner R cutting edge 13 and the bottom cutting edge 11 are
- the tangent line at the boundary point A is the first tangent line L1
- the tangent line at the boundary point B between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is the second tangent line L2
- the first tangent line L1 and the radial reference line RR is the first tangent line L1 and the radial reference line RR.
- intersection point E of the first tangent line L1 and the central axis direction reference line CR, and the intersection point F of the radial direction reference line RR and the central axis direction reference line CR are connected by a straight line.
- the right triangle ( ⁇ DEF) be the first right triangle T1.
- a right triangle ( ⁇ GHF) formed by connecting F with straight lines is a second right triangle T2, and the first right triangle T1 and the second right triangle T2 are congruent with each other.
- the intersection F between the radial direction reference line RR and the central axis direction reference line CR and the corner R cutting edge 13 coincides with the virtual straight line VL.
- the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18 is located on the virtual straight line VL.
- the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18 is disposed on the intersection I between the virtual straight line VL and the central axis C.
- the angle ⁇ 1 formed between the first tangent L1 and the radial reference line RR is 12 to 25 °
- the second tangent An angle ⁇ 2 formed between L2 and the radial reference line RR is (90 ° ⁇ 1) °. More preferably, the angle ⁇ 1 is 15 to 22 °.
- the angle ⁇ 1 indicates an acute angle among acute angles and obtuse angles formed by intersecting the first tangent line L1 and the radial reference line RR.
- the angle ⁇ 2 indicates an acute angle among acute angles and obtuse angles formed by intersecting the second tangent line L2 and the radial reference line RR.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are formed in a line-symmetric shape with a virtual straight line VL passing through O and intersecting the central axis C at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° as a symmetry axis.
- a grind imparted to the work surface of the work material by cutting with the bottom cutting edge 11;
- the grind imparted to the work surface of the work material by cutting with the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 has the same property. That is, in this embodiment, the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are the same, and the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are formed in line symmetry with each other. .
- both can be processed with the same pick feed (pitch), and the flat portion and the standing wall portion are ground. Eyes can be aligned with each other. For this reason, the processed surface made into the same quality over the whole work material can be obtained. That is, in the case of cutting using either the bottom cutting edge 11 or the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, the properties of the processed surface of the work material can be made uniform.
- FIG. 11A is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the machining surface of the work material W.
- reference symbol P denotes a pitch of a machining mark applied to the work surface of the work material W (pick feed).
- the symbol CH represents the cusp height of the machining mark.
- the pitch (width) P and the cusp height (depth) CH of the pick feed can be made uniform regardless of the processing part and shape of the work material W.
- the properties of the work surface of the work material can be made uniform as described above, the surface roughness and gloss of the work surface can be made uniform over the entire work surface. That is, the surface performance and appearance of the entire processed surface can be made uniform. Thereby, the effect advantageous for the high precision of a process can be acquired in finishing and intermediate finishing.
- the multi-axis control refers to control of 4 to 6 axes, for example.
- FIG. 8 shows the cutting insert 5 of the present embodiment
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the cutting inserts 20 and 30 of reference examples having different technical ideas from the present embodiment.
- 8 to 10 are plan views of the cutting inserts 5, 20, and 30 when the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 is viewed from the front.
- the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are the same.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are mutually connected with a virtual straight line VL intersecting the central axis C at an angle ⁇ of 45 °. It is formed so as to have a line symmetrical shape. Further, in the cutting insert 5 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the first right triangle T1 ( ⁇ DEF) and the second right triangle T2 ( ⁇ GHF) are congruent with each other. Thereby, there exists the outstanding effect mentioned above.
- the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are the same, but the arc of the corner R cutting edge 13.
- the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are not formed symmetrically with respect to a virtual straight line VL that passes through the center point and intersects the central axis C at an angle of 45 °.
- the first right triangle T1 ( ⁇ DEF) and the second right triangle T2 ( ⁇ GHF) are not congruent with each other.
- the side GF is a straight line that extends along the central axis C direction through the radially outer end of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the side DF passes through the tip of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the central axis C direction in the radial direction.
- the side GH is a tangent at the boundary point between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the side DE is a tangent at the boundary point between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the bottom cutting edge 11. .
- processing time can be shortened compared with cutting tools, such as the conventional ball end mill and a radius end mill.
- cutting tools such as the conventional ball end mill and a radius end mill.
- the rotation locus around the center axis of the cutting edge is a hemisphere, and the radius of this rotation locus is the tool diameter (the maximum diameter of the rotation locus of the cutting edge). 1/2.
- the curvature radius of the cutting edge portion corresponding to the bottom cutting edge and the curvature radius of the cutting edge portion corresponding to the outer peripheral cutting edge are both 1 ⁇ 2 of the tool diameter.
- the pick feed is set so as to be equal to or less than a predetermined cusp height value in accordance with the tool radius (1/2 of the tool diameter), and cutting is performed.
- a corner R cutting edge is used when cutting an inclined machining surface or the like, and the radius of curvature of the corner R cutting edge is generally that of the cutting edge of a ball end mill. Since it is smaller than the radius of curvature (when the tool diameter is the same), the pick feed is even smaller than the ball end mill.
- the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 can be set larger than 1 ⁇ 2 of the tool diameter. For this reason, when obtaining a cusp height equivalent to the cusp height of the ground surface of the machined surface processed by the conventional ball end mill (that is, when the cusp height is equal to or less than a predetermined cusp height value), according to the present embodiment, the pick feed (pitch) is set large. can do. In the present embodiment, the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are made equal to the tool diameter (the maximum diameter of the rotation trajectory of the cutting edge). Therefore, in this embodiment, the pick feed can be set to a value that is nearly twice that of the conventional ball end mill.
- FIG.11 (a) represents the cross section of the processing surface (working trace) of the workpiece W cut with the cutting insert 5 (blade exchange type rotary cutting tool 6) of this embodiment
- FIG.11 (b) is shown.
- the cross section of the processed surface of the workpiece W cut with the conventional cutting tool is represented.
- the symbol P is the pitch of the pick feed
- the symbol CH is the cusp height.
- the cusp height CH is set to be the same, the pitch P of the pick feed can be increased in the present embodiment of FIG. 11A. it can.
- the pick feed (pitch P) can be set large while keeping the cusp height CH small.
- corrugation (scallop) provided as a process trace on a processed surface can be reduced, and a processed surface precision can be improved.
- the tool path length (total machining length) can be reduced by increasing the pick feed, and the machining time can be shortened.
- the radius of curvature of the corner R cutting edge 13 that connects the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 can be set to be smaller than 1/2 of the tool diameter, for example. Therefore, this corner R cutting edge 13 can be used for various cutting operations such as cutting of the corner of the work material, which is impossible with the conventional ball end mill.
- the insert body 15 is formed with a screw insertion hole 18 that penetrates the insert body 15 in the thickness direction.
- the screw insertion hole 18 has a mounting seat 3 (insert fitting).
- a fixing screw 8 for fixing the cutting insert 5 is inserted into the groove 7).
- the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18 is located on the virtual straight line VL, the cutting process using the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is also performed during the cutting process using the bottom cutting edge 11. In this case, the force to rotate the cutting insert 5 around the screw insertion hole 18 (fixing screw 8) can be suppressed.
- the cutting blade normal component of the cutting resistance received by the bottom cutting edge 11 acts toward the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18.
- the cutting blade normal component of the cutting resistance received by the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 acts toward the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed on the same plane. For this reason, the axial rake angle and the radial rake angle generally do not change over the entire length of the cutting edge.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed by different planes and curved surfaces.
- the boundary point A between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the bottom cutting edge 11 and the boundary point B between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are portions where two cutting edges having different shapes are connected to each other. Therefore, the axial rake angle and the radial rake angle change on both sides of the cutting edge across the boundary points A and B. For this reason, at the time of cutting, the cutting load near the boundary points A and B tends to increase.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed on the same plane, Even in the vicinity of the boundary points A and B, the rake face of the cutting edge is formed by one plane.
- large changes in the axial rake angle and radial rake angle are suppressed on both sides of the cutting edge across the boundary points A and B, and a large cutting load acts near the boundary points A and B. Can be prevented. Therefore, the edge strength at the connecting portion between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the bottom cutting edge 11 and the connecting portion between the corner R cutting edge 13 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 is remarkably increased, and the tool life is extended.
- the manufacture of the cutting insert 5 is easy. Moreover, since a recessed part (valley part) etc. are not formed between these rake surfaces 10, 12, and 14 (connection part), the catch of the chip
- the angle ⁇ 1 formed between the first tangent L1 and the radial reference line RR is 12 to 25 °
- the angle ⁇ 2 formed between the tangent line L2 of 2 and the radial reference line RR is (90 ° ⁇ 1) °
- the angle ⁇ 1 is 12 ° or more (the angle ⁇ 2 is 78 ° or less), it is possible to prevent the edge length of the corner R cutting edge 13 from becoming too large.
- the respective cutting lengths of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are sufficiently secured, and the effects of the above-described embodiment (such as increasing the pitch P of the pick feed while keeping the cusp height CH small) are more exceptional.
- the bottom cutting edge 11, the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the corner R The shape of the entire cutting edge including the cutting edge 13 is close to that of a ball end mill, and the effects of the above-described embodiment may be difficult to obtain. And if angle (theta) 1 is 12 degrees or more (angle (theta) 2 is 78 degrees or less), when processing with the bottom cutting edge 11, it can suppress that the corner R cutting edge 13 interferes with a workpiece. Moreover, it is possible to suppress the corner R cutting edge 13 from interfering with the work material when machining with the outer peripheral cutting edge 9. Therefore, it becomes easy to cope with various processing forms.
- the angle ⁇ 1 is 15 ° or more (the angle ⁇ 2 is 75 ° or less). Further, since the angle ⁇ 1 is 25 ° or less (the angle ⁇ 2 is 65 ° or more), even if the respective curvature radii of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 are set to be large, the corner R cutting edge 13 becomes the tool. The sharpness toward the outer peripheral side of the tip is suppressed, and the rigidity of the cutting edge portion 4 near the corner R cutting edge 13 can be secured. This prevents the vicinity of the corner R cutting edge 13 from being largely damaged. In order to make this function and effect more prominent, it is desirable that the angle ⁇ 1 is 22 ° or less (the angle ⁇ 2 is 68 ° or more).
- the radius of curvature of the corner R cutting edge 13 is set to be sufficiently small as 33% or less with respect to the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- FIGS. 12A to 12C show a modification of the cutting insert 5 of the present embodiment.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 has a positive value
- at the boundary point B between the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 and the corner R cutting edge 13 has a positive value
- the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 at the boundary point A between the bottom cutting edge 11 and the corner R cutting edge 13 also has a positive value.
- twist angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, the axial rake angle in the vicinity of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9 in the corner R cutting edge 13, and the axial rake angle in the vicinity of the bottom cutting edge 11 in the corner R cutting edge 13 are all positive angles. It is.
- the chips generated during the cutting process are efficiently sent from the tool front end to the base end side, and the chip dischargeability is good. Moreover, since chip
- the rake face is formed by a single plane over the entire length of the cutting edge, the twist angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, the axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 at the boundary point B, The axial rake angle of the corner R cutting edge 13 and the axial rake angle of the bottom cutting edge 11 at the boundary point A are all set to the same angle ⁇ . For this reason, chip discharge
- the screw insertion hole 18 is formed in the cutting insert 5 and the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18 is located on the virtual straight line VL.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. That is, the hole center of the screw insertion hole 18 may not be arranged on the virtual straight line VL. However, it is preferable that the center of the hole of the screw insertion hole 18 is arranged on the virtual straight line VL because the excellent effects described in the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the cutting insert 5 in which the screw insertion hole 18 is not formed may be used. In this case, the cutting insert 5 is detachably mounted on the mounting seat 3 of the tool body 1 by a clamp mechanism or the like.
- the rake face 12 of the bottom cutting edge 11, the rake face 10 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9, and the rake face 14 of the corner R cutting edge 13 are formed on the same plane.
- the rake surfaces 10, 12, and 14 may be formed on the same curved surface (convex curved surface, concave curved surface).
- these rake surfaces 10, 12, and 14 may be formed by different planes or curved surfaces.
- the angle ⁇ 1 is 12 to 25 ° and the angle ⁇ 2 is (90 ° ⁇ 1) °.
- the numerical ranges of the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are not limited to those described above.
- the curvature radius of the corner R cutting edge 13 was 33% or less with respect to the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer periphery cutting edge 9, it is limited to this. It is not something. However, the curvature radius of the corner R cutting edge 13 is set smaller than the curvature radius of the bottom cutting edge 11 and the curvature radius of the outer peripheral cutting edge 9.
- the base material (insert body 15) of the cutting insert 5 is made of, for example, cermet, high-speed steel, carbonized carbide, in addition to cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co). Ceramics made of titanium, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, and mixtures thereof, cubic boron nitride sintered body, diamond sintered body, hard phase made of polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride; It is also possible to use an ultra-high pressure fired body in which a binder phase such as ceramics or iron group metal is fired under an ultra-high pressure.
- the tool main body 1 can be made of alloy tool steel such as SKD61 and cemented carbide alloy and can be made of alloy tool steel such as SKD61.
- the cutting insert and the blade-tip-exchange-type rotary cutting tool of the present invention can perform cutting so that the properties of the processed surface are uniform regardless of the processing part and shape of the work material. In addition, it is possible to obtain good machined surface accuracy over the entire machined surface in finishing and intermediate finishing. Therefore, it has industrial applicability.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2016年6月27日に、日本に出願された特願2016-126975号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そして、被削材に対して、正面削り加工(平面加工)を施す際には、底切れ刃が使用され、側面削り加工(立壁面加工)を施す際には、外周切れ刃が使用される。
被削材に対して、正面削り加工を施すときに、底切れ刃で切削することにより加工面に付与される挽き目(加工目、加工痕)と、側面削り加工を施すときに、外周切れ刃で切削することにより加工面に付与される挽き目とを、互いに同じ性状に仕上げることが難しかった。つまり、被削材の加工部位や形状によって、切削加工後の加工面の性状がばらついて、仕上げ加工や中仕上げ加工等において加工面全体としての加工精度を均等にすることができなかった。
板状のインサート本体と、前記インサート本体に形成された切れ刃部と、を備え、
前記切れ刃部は、
前記インサート本体の前記中心軸方向の先端部に配置され、前記中心軸に直交する径方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記中心軸方向の先端側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす底切れ刃と、
前記底切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記インサート本体の前記径方向の外端部に配置され、前記中心軸方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記径方向の外側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす外周切れ刃と、
前記外周切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記底切れ刃の前記径方向の外端と前記外周切れ刃の前記中心軸方向の先端とを繋ぐとともに、先端外周側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなすコーナーR切れ刃と、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面と、を備え、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記コーナーR切れ刃の円弧中心点を通り、該円弧中心点から前記径方向の内側へ向かうに従い前記中心軸方向の基端側へ向けて延びるとともに、前記中心軸に対して45°の角度で交差する仮想直線を対称軸として、前記底切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃とが、互いに線対称形状となるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明の一態様は、中心軸回りに回転させられる工具本体の先端部に形成された取付座に、着脱可能に装着される切削インサートであって、
板状のインサート本体と、
前記インサート本体に形成された切れ刃部と、を備え、
前記切れ刃部は、
前記インサート本体の前記中心軸方向の先端部に配置され、前記中心軸に直交する径方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記中心軸方向の先端側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす底切れ刃と、
前記底切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記インサート本体の前記径方向の外端部に配置され、前記中心軸方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記径方向の外側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす外周切れ刃と、
前記外周切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記底切れ刃の前記径方向の外端と前記外周切れ刃の前記中心軸方向の先端とを繋ぐとともに、先端外周側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなすコーナーR切れ刃と、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面と、を備え、
前記底切れ刃の曲率半径と、前記外周切れ刃の曲率半径とが、互いに同一であり、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記底切れ刃における前記中心軸方向の先端を通り前記径方向に沿って延びる直線を径方向基準線とし、
前記外周切れ刃における前記径方向の外端を通り前記中心軸方向に沿って延びる直線を中心軸方向基準線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における接線を第1の接線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における接線を第2の接線とし、
前記第1の接線と前記径方向基準線との交点、前記第1の接線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点、及び、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点を、互いに直線で繋いで形成される直角三角形を第1の直角三角形とし、
前記第2の接線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点、前記第2の接線と前記径方向基準線との交点、及び、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点を、互いに直線で繋いで形成される直角三角形を第2の直角三角形として、
前記第1の直角三角形と前記第2の直角三角形とが、互いに合同であることを特徴とする。
また、本発明の一態様は、中心軸回りに回転させられる工具本体と、前記工具本体の先端部に形成された取付座と、前記取付座に着脱可能に装着される切削インサートと、を備えた刃先交換式回転切削工具であって、前記切削インサートとして、上述の切削インサートを用いたことを特徴とする。
また、上記切削インサートにおいて、前記インサート本体には、該インサート本体を厚さ方向に貫通するネジ挿通孔が形成されており、前記ネジ挿通孔の孔中心が、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点と、前記コーナーR切れ刃の円弧中心点と、を通る仮想直線上に位置していることが好ましい。
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記底切れ刃における前記中心軸方向の先端を通り前記径方向に沿って延びる直線を径方向基準線とし、前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における接線を第1の接線とし、前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における接線を第2の接線として、
前記第1の接線と前記径方向基準線との間に形成される角度θ1が、12~25°であり、
前記第2の接線と前記径方向基準線との間に形成される角度θ2が、(90°-θ1)°であることが好ましい。
前記外周切れ刃のねじれ角が、正の値を有し、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における前記コーナーR切れ刃の軸方向すくい角が、正の値を有し、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における前記コーナーR切れ刃の軸方向すくい角が、正の値を有していることが好ましい。
本実施形態の切削インサート5は、いわゆるレンズと呼ばれる凸円弧形状の底切れ刃11と、いわゆるバレルと呼ばれる凸円弧形状の外周切れ刃9と、底切れ刃11と外周切れ刃9とを接続する凸円弧形状のコーナーR切れ刃13と、から構成される複合R切れ刃を備えた複合Rインサートである。そして、この切削インサート5を備えた刃先交換式回転切削工具6は、被削材に対して正面削り加工(平面加工)や側面削り加工(立壁面加工)を含む種々の切削加工を施すのに適しており、特に、加工面の仕上げ加工や中仕上げ加工等において、優れた面精度を得ることができるものである。
また、中心軸C回りに周回する方向を周方向という。周方向のうち、切削時に主軸の回転により工具本体1が回転させられる向きを工具回転方向Rといい、これとは反対の回転方向を、工具回転方向Rとは反対側(つまり反工具回転方向)という。
本実施形態の切削インサート5は、中心軸Cを対称軸として表裏反転対称(180°回転対称)に形成されている。
前記切れ刃には、外周切れ刃9と、底切れ刃11と、コーナーR切れ刃13と、が含まれる。前記切れ刃は、外周切れ刃9、底切れ刃11及びコーナーR切れ刃13を備えたことにより、全体として略L字状をなしている。また、各切れ刃(9、11、13)に対して、すくい面及び逃げ面がそれぞれ隣接配置される。
底切れ刃11は、そのコーナーR切れ刃13に接続する径方向外端から径方向の内側へ向かうに従い、中心軸C方向の先端側へ向けて傾斜して延びている。底切れ刃11における、径方向に沿う単位長さあたりの中心軸C方向へ向けた変位量(つまり径方向に対する傾き)は、該底切れ刃11の径方向外端から径方向内側へ向かうに従い漸次小さくされていき、径方向内端においてゼロとなる。
また、インサート本体15において中心軸C方向の先端側を向く先端面のうち、底切れ刃11の工具回転方向Rとは反対側に隣接する部分に、底切れ刃11の逃げ面が形成されている。底切れ刃11の逃げ面は、先端側へ向けて凸となる曲面状をなしている。底切れ刃11の逃げ面は、該底切れ刃11から工具回転方向Rとは反対側へ向かうに従い中心軸C方向の基端側へ向けて傾斜しており、これにより底切れ刃11には逃げ角が付与されている。
外周切れ刃9は、そのコーナーR切れ刃13に接続する中心軸C方向の先端から基端側へ向かうに従い、径方向外側へ向けて傾斜して延びている。外周切れ刃9における、中心軸C方向に沿う単位長さあたりの径方向へ向けた変位量(つまり中心軸C方向に対する傾き)は、該外周切れ刃9の中心軸C方向の先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次小さくされていき、中心軸C方向の基端においてゼロとなる。
また、インサート本体15において径方向外側を向く外周面のうち、外周切れ刃9の工具回転方向Rとは反対側に隣接する部分に、外周切れ刃9の逃げ面が形成されている。外周切れ刃9の逃げ面は、径方向外側へ向けて凸となる曲面状をなしている。外周切れ刃9の逃げ面は、該外周切れ刃9から工具回転方向Rとは反対側へ向かうに従い径方向内側へ向けて傾斜しており、これにより外周切れ刃9には逃げ角が付与されている。
コーナーR切れ刃13は、その底切れ刃11に接続する径方向内端から径方向の外側へ向かうに従い、中心軸C方向の基端側へ向けて傾斜して延びている。コーナーR切れ刃13における、径方向に沿う単位長さあたりの中心軸C方向へ向けた変位量(つまり径方向に対する傾き)は、該コーナーR切れ刃13の径方向内端から径方向外側へ向かうに従い漸次大きくされている。
またコーナーR切れ刃13は、その外周切れ刃9に接続する中心軸C方向の基端から先端側へ向かうに従い、径方向内側へ向けて傾斜して延びている。コーナーR切れ刃13における、中心軸C方向に沿う単位長さあたりの径方向へ向けた変位量(つまり中心軸C方向に対する傾き)は、該コーナーR切れ刃13の中心軸C方向の基端から先端側へ向かうに従い漸次大きくされている。
コーナーR切れ刃13の径方向すくい角は、0°とされている。ただしこれに限定されるものではなく、コーナーR切れ刃13の径方向すくい角は、正の値や負の値であってもよい。
また、インサート本体15の外面のうち、コーナーR切れ刃13の工具回転方向Rとは反対側に隣接する部分に、コーナーR切れ刃13の逃げ面が形成されている。コーナーR切れ刃13の逃げ面は、インサート本体15の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる曲面状をなしており、中心軸C方向の先端側かつ径方向外側を向いて形成されている。コーナーR切れ刃13の逃げ面は、該コーナーR切れ刃13から工具回転方向Rとは反対側へ向かうに従い中心軸C方向の基端側かつ径方向内側へ向かうように傾斜しており、これによりコーナーR切れ刃13には逃げ角が付与されている。
また、底切れ刃11の曲率半径及び外周切れ刃9の曲率半径に対して、コーナーR切れ刃13の曲率半径は小さい。本実施形態の例では、底切れ刃11の曲率半径及び外周切れ刃9の曲率半径に対して、コーナーR切れ刃13の曲率半径が、33%以下である。
具体的に本実施形態では、コーナーR切れ刃13のすくい面14を正面に見て、切れ刃部4の切れ刃の刃長全体が、仮想直線VLを対称軸として線対称形状に形成されている。
また、上記角度αは、仮想直線VLと中心軸Cとが交差して形成される鋭角及び鈍角のうち、鋭角の角度を指している。
そして、ネジ挿通孔18の孔中心は、仮想直線VL上に位置している。具体的に、すくい面14の正面視においてネジ挿通孔18の孔中心は、仮想直線VLと中心軸Cとの交点I上に配置されている。
なお、上記角度θ1は、第1の接線L1と径方向基準線RRとが交差して形成される鋭角及び鈍角のうち、鋭角の角度を指している。また、上記角度θ2は、第2の接線L2と径方向基準線RRとが交差して形成される鋭角及び鈍角のうち、鋭角の角度を指している。
或いは、コーナーR切れ刃13のすくい面14を正面に見て、底切れ刃11の曲率半径と外周切れ刃9の曲率半径とが互いに同一であり、かつ、コーナーR切れ刃13と底切れ刃11とを接続する境界点Aの接線(第1の接線)L1を斜辺とする第1の直角三角形T1(△DEF)と、コーナーR切れ刃13と外周切れ刃9とを接続する境界点Bの接線(第2の接線)L2を斜辺とする第2の直角三角形T2(△GHF)とが、互いに合同である。
すなわち本実施形態では、底切れ刃11の曲率半径と外周切れ刃9の曲率半径とが、互いに同一であり、かつ、底切れ刃11と外周切れ刃9とが互いに線対称に形成されている。従って、被削材の加工面のうち、平面部のカスプハイトと立壁部のカスプハイトとを同等にするにあたって、いずれも同一のピックフィード(ピッチ)で加工することができ、平面部と立壁部の挽き目を互いに揃えることができる。このため、被削材全体にわたって同じ品質とされた加工面を得ることができる。
つまり、底切れ刃11と外周切れ刃9のいずれを使用した切削加工の場合においても、被削材の加工面の性状を一定に揃えることができるのである。
従って、図9及び図10に示される参考例の切削インサート20、30では、被削材に正面削り加工(平面加工)を施して加工面に付与される挽き目と、被削材に側面削り加工(立壁面加工)を施して加工面に付与される挽き目とを、互いに同一の性状とすることが難しい場合がある。つまり、単に底切れ刃11の曲率半径と外周切れ刃9の曲率半径とを同一に設定しても、上述した本実施形態のような優れた作用効果が得られるとは限らない。
具体的に、従来のボールエンドミルタイプの切削工具では、切れ刃部の中心軸回りの回転軌跡が半球状をなし、この回転軌跡の半径は工具直径(切れ刃部の回転軌跡の最大直径)の1/2である。そして、ボールエンドミルタイプの切削工具においては、底切れ刃に対応する切れ刃部分の曲率半径、及び、外周切れ刃に対応する切れ刃部分の曲率半径が、ともに工具直径の1/2となる。つまりボールエンドミルタイプの切削工具では、工具半径(工具直径の1/2)に応じて、所定のカスプハイト値以下となるようにピックフィードを設定し、切削加工を行うこととなる。また、ラジアスエンドミルタイプの切削工具の場合は、傾斜した加工面などを切削加工する際にコーナーR切れ刃が使用されるが、該コーナーR切れ刃の曲率半径は、一般にボールエンドミルの切れ刃の曲率半径よりも小さい(工具直径が同一の場合)ことから、ピックフィードはボールエンドミルよりもさらに小さくなる。
なお本実施形態では、底切れ刃11の曲率半径及び外周切れ刃9の曲率半径が、工具直径(切れ刃の回転軌跡の最大径)に等しくされている。従って本実施形態では、従来のボールエンドミルに比べて、ピックフィードを約2倍近い値に設定することができる。
そして本実施形態によれば、ネジ挿通孔18の孔中心が仮想直線VL上に位置しているので、底切れ刃11を用いた切削加工時においても、外周切れ刃9を用いた切削加工時においても、切削インサート5をネジ挿通孔18(固定用ネジ8)回りに回転させようとする力が抑えられる。
特に、被削材の3次元形状の構成部分に対して、該構成部分の外面に沿った工具軌跡でフライス加工を行う、いわゆる面沿い加工による仕上げ加工や中仕上げ加工において、高精度化に有利な効果を得ることができる。
しかしながら一般には、底切れ刃11のすくい面12、外周切れ刃9のすくい面10及びコーナーR切れ刃13のすくい面14は、互いに異なる平面や曲面により形成されている。そして、コーナーR切れ刃13と底切れ刃11との境界点A、及び、コーナーR切れ刃13と外周切れ刃9との境界点Bは、互いに形状の異なる2つの切れ刃が接続される部分であることから、境界点A、Bを挟んだ切れ刃の両側では、軸方向すくい角や径方向すくい角が変化する。このため、切削加工時には、境界点A、B近傍の切削負荷が大きくなりやすい。
これにより、境界点A、Bを挟んだ切れ刃の両側において、軸方向すくい角や径方向すくい角が大きく変化するようなことが抑えられ、境界点A、B近傍に大きな切削負荷が作用することを防止できる。従って、コーナーR切れ刃13と底切れ刃11との接続部分、及び、コーナーR切れ刃13と外周切れ刃9との接続部分における刃先強度が顕著に高められ、工具寿命が延長する。
また、角度θ1が25°以下(角度θ2が65°以上)であるので、たとえ底切れ刃11及び外周切れ刃9の各曲率半径が大きく設定された場合でも、コーナーR切れ刃13が工具の先端外周側へ向けて尖って形成されるようなことが抑制されて、切れ刃部4のコーナーR切れ刃13近傍の剛性を確保できる。これにより、コーナーR切れ刃13近傍が大きく刃先欠損してしまうようなことが防止される。なお、この作用効果をより顕著なものとするためには、角度θ1が22°以下(角度θ2が68°以上)であることが望ましい。
また図示の例では、切れ刃の刃長全域にわたってすくい面が1つの平面により形成されていることから、外周切れ刃9のねじれ角、境界点BにおけるコーナーR切れ刃13の軸方向すくい角、境界点AにおけるコーナーR切れ刃13の軸方向すくい角、及び、底切れ刃11の軸方向すくい角が、すべて同一の角度βとされている。このため、上述のように切屑排出性が高められる。
また、ネジ挿通孔18が形成されていない切削インサート5であってもよく、この場合、切削インサート5は、工具本体1の取付座3にクランプ機構等により着脱可能に装着される。
また、工具本体1は、例えば、SKD61等の合金工具鋼で製造する場合の他、SKD61等の合金工具鋼と超硬合金とを接合し形成したものを用いることも可能である。
2 先端部
3 取付座
4 切れ刃部
5 切削インサート
6 刃先交換式回転切削工具
9 外周切れ刃
10 外周切れ刃のすくい面
11 底切れ刃
12 底切れ刃のすくい面
13 コーナーR切れ刃
14 コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面
15 インサート本体
18 ネジ挿通孔
A 境界点
B 境界点
C 中心軸
CR 中心軸方向基準線
D、E、F、G、H 交点
L1 第1の接線
L2 第2の接線
O 円弧中心点
RR 径方向基準線
T1 第1の直角三角形
T2 第2の直角三角形
VL 仮想直線
α 角度
β 角度(ねじれ角、軸方向すくい角)
θ1 角度
θ2 角度
Claims (9)
- 中心軸回りに回転させられる工具本体の先端部に形成された取付座に、着脱可能に装着される切削インサートであって、
板状のインサート本体と、
前記インサート本体に形成された切れ刃部と、を備え、
前記切れ刃部は、
前記インサート本体の前記中心軸方向の先端部に配置され、前記中心軸に直交する径方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記中心軸方向の先端側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす底切れ刃と、
前記底切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記インサート本体の前記径方向の外端部に配置され、前記中心軸方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記径方向の外側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす外周切れ刃と、
前記外周切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記底切れ刃の前記径方向の外端と前記外周切れ刃の前記中心軸方向の先端とを繋ぐとともに、先端外周側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなすコーナーR切れ刃と、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面と、を備え、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記コーナーR切れ刃の円弧中心点を通り、該円弧中心点から前記径方向の内側へ向かうに従い前記中心軸方向の基端側へ向けて延びるとともに、前記中心軸に対して45°の角度で交差する仮想直線を対称軸として、前記底切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃とが、互いに線対称形状となるように形成されていることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項1に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記インサート本体には、該インサート本体を厚さ方向に貫通するネジ挿通孔が形成されており、
前記ネジ挿通孔の孔中心が、前記仮想直線上に位置していることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 中心軸回りに回転させられる工具本体の先端部に形成された取付座に、着脱可能に装着される切削インサートであって、
板状のインサート本体と、
前記インサート本体に形成された切れ刃部と、を備え、
前記せつめいせは、
前記インサート本体の前記中心軸方向の先端部に配置され、前記中心軸に直交する径方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記中心軸方向の先端側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす底切れ刃と、
前記底切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記インサート本体の前記径方向の外端部に配置され、前記中心軸方向に沿うように延びるとともに、前記径方向の外側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなす外周切れ刃と、
前記外周切れ刃のすくい面と、
前記底切れ刃の前記径方向の外端と前記外周切れ刃の前記中心軸方向の先端とを繋ぐとともに、先端外周側へ向けて凸となる円弧形状をなすコーナーR切れ刃と、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面と、を備え、
前記底切れ刃の曲率半径と、前記外周切れ刃の曲率半径とが、互いに同一であり、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記底切れ刃における前記中心軸方向の先端を通り前記径方向に沿って延びる直線を径方向基準線とし、
前記外周切れ刃における前記径方向の外端を通り前記中心軸方向に沿って延びる直線を中心軸方向基準線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における接線を第1の接線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における接線を第2の接線とし、
前記第1の接線と前記径方向基準線との交点、前記第1の接線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点、及び、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点を、互いに直線で繋いで形成される直角三角形を第1の直角三角形とし、
前記第2の接線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点、前記第2の接線と前記径方向基準線との交点、及び、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点を、互いに直線で繋いで形成される直角三角形を第2の直角三角形として、
前記第1の直角三角形と前記第2の直角三角形とが、互いに合同であることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項3に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記インサート本体には、該インサート本体を厚さ方向に貫通するネジ挿通孔が形成されており、
前記ネジ挿通孔の孔中心が、前記径方向基準線と前記中心軸方向基準線との交点と、前記コーナーR切れ刃の円弧中心点と、を通る仮想直線上に位置していることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記底切れ刃のすくい面、前記外周切れ刃のすくい面、及び、前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面が、同一平面上に形成されていることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記コーナーR切れ刃のすくい面を正面に見て、
前記底切れ刃における前記中心軸方向の先端を通り前記径方向に沿って延びる直線を径方向基準線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における接線を第1の接線とし、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における接線を第2の接線として、
前記第1の接線と前記径方向基準線との間に形成される角度θ1が、12~25°であり、
前記第2の接線と前記径方向基準線との間に形成される角度θ2が、(90°-θ1)°であることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記底切れ刃の曲率半径及び前記外周切れ刃の曲率半径に対して、前記コーナーR切れ刃の曲率半径が、33%以下であることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の切削インサートであって、
前記外周切れ刃のねじれ角が、正の値を有し、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記外周切れ刃との境界点における前記コーナーR切れ刃の軸方向すくい角が、正の値を有し、
前記コーナーR切れ刃と前記底切れ刃との境界点における前記コーナーR切れ刃の軸方向すくい角が、正の値を有していることを特徴とする切削インサート。 - 中心軸回りに回転させられる工具本体と、
前記工具本体の先端部に形成された取付座と、
前記取付座に着脱可能に装着される切削インサートと、を備えた刃先交換式回転切削工具であって、
前記切削インサートとして、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の切削インサートを用いたことを特徴とする刃先交換式回転切削工具。
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JP2005169511A (ja) | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd | 刃先交換式回転工具 |
DE10361450A1 (de) | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-28 | EMUGE-Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH & Co. KG Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge | Schneidelement und Werkzeug mit wenigstens einem Schneidelement |
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AT14069U1 (de) | 2014-02-20 | 2015-04-15 | Ceratizit Austria Gmbh | Indexierbarer Schneideinsatz und Fräswerkzeug |
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JP2007152502A (ja) | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-21 | Hokkaido | 自動加工システム |
JP2010520064A (ja) | 2007-02-28 | 2010-06-10 | サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ | 球面フライス |
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CN112074366A (zh) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-12-11 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 径向立铣刀及使用其的机床、径向立铣刀设计方法及加工方法 |
EP3736070A4 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-03-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | END MILL, MACHINE TOOL WITH THIS AND DESIGN PROCESS AND MACHINING PROCESS FOR END MILL |
CN112074366B (zh) * | 2018-04-16 | 2024-02-13 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 径向立铣刀及使用其的机床、径向立铣刀设计方法及加工方法 |
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JPWO2018003684A1 (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
JP6604437B2 (ja) | 2019-11-20 |
CN109414771A (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
US11123810B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
KR20190005238A (ko) | 2019-01-15 |
EP3476511A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
EP3476511A4 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
CN109414771B (zh) | 2019-12-20 |
KR101959189B1 (ko) | 2019-03-15 |
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