WO2017212203A1

WO2017212203A1 - Method for producing roof panels and roof panel

Info

Publication number: WO2017212203A1
Application number: PCT/FR2017/051487
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pierre-Emmanuel DROCHON
Original assignee: Drochon Pierre-Emmanuel
Priority date: 2016-06-09
Filing date: 2017-06-09
Publication date: 2017-12-14
Also published as: FR3052381A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing roof panels, comprising: the production of a mould by means of additive manufacturing involving the simple extrusion of a moulding material, preferably clay; the filling of the mould with a production material, preferably PVC, PMMA, resin, glass; and the solubilisation of the moulding material in order to produce a roof panel. The invention also relates to the resulting roof panel.

Description

METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING ROOF PANS AND ROOF PAN

[001] The present invention relates to a method for producing roof panels additive manufacturing simple extrusion, to cover the upper part of a building.

[002] In the field of construction, a roof is a traditional element composed on the one hand: of a roof consisting of two or more slopes in tiles, slates or zinc plates for example and on the other hand: a frame that is an assembly of pieces of wood or metal to support the cover.

[003] Generally, thermal insulation is also provided, including for example glass wool facings. The insulation can be placed between the roof and the frame. This is an insulation from the outside. It is also possible to isolate the building by placing the facings between the frame and the interior of the building, thus achieving isolation from the inside.

[004] Conventional roofing is long and expensive. Currently, there is no manufacturing process capable of reducing costs and the duration of implementation, while respecting the normative and ecological issues currently raised.

[005] The present invention improves the situation.

[006] For this purpose, it proposes a method for constructing customized roof panels by additive manufacturing characterized in that it relies on additive manufacturing with simple extrusion of a molding material.

[007] Achievement by additive manufacturing reduces the cost and time of traditional processes. The roof panels thus conceived can adapt to any architectural singularity as much on the form as on the color of the roof while offering a customized and customized product.

[008] In various embodiments of the method according to the invention, one can optionally also resort to one and / or the other of the following provisions:

[009] the method comprises a step in which at least one mold is produced by a layer-by-layer deposition of the molding material,

[010] at least one mold of an embodiment material is filled, then the molding material of said at least one mold is solubilized to obtain a roofing section, [011] the method furthermore comprises, in addition, a step of numerical modeling of the roof panel to be made to measure to manufacture the mold,

[012] the construction of a roof panel comprises the manufacture of at least one internal profile for the insertion of one or more solar panels in the roof panel according to the orientation and inclination of said roof panel, [013] the internal profile is manufactured by additive manufacturing of the molding material,

[014] applying a footprint obtained from the mold on the lower part of the roof panel for the insertion of one or more solar panels into the roofing panel, [015] the roof panels are laterally assembled to the using male and female lugs arranged on a transverse face of the roof panels,

[016] is treated at the seal a joint of two adjacent roof panels, [017] is assembled along a transverse axis of the roof sections by superimposing one roof section on another, so that at least one end of a higher section of roof is above one end of another lower section of roof adjacent to the transverse axis,

[018] the mold and / or the internal profile are made by 3D printing,

[019] the molding material is a soluble material,

[020] the molding material is clay, [021] the embodiment material is selected from one and / or the other of the following materials:

polyvinyl chloride,

a polymer, of polymethyl methacrylate type,

a resin,

glass,

[022] the production material is translucent. [023] The present invention also relates to a roof panel obtained by the method according to the invention, characterized in that the roof panel thus obtained takes up in one and the same room the functions of: roof and frame,

[024] In one aspect, the roof panel is provided with male and female lugs allowing their transverse interlocking on site,

[025] According to one aspect, at least one roof panel forms a Fresnel lens,

[026] In one aspect, at least one roof panel is adapted to receive at least one solar panel.

[027] The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: [028] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of additive manufacturing by simple extrusion of clay from the mold of the roof,

[029] FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the finished mold and made of clay from the roof, [3] FIG. 3 shows in isometric view the finished mold of the roof made of clay and filled with an embodiment material,

[031] FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the roofing material realization once the solubilized clay,

[032] FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an example of transverse assembly on the site of two roofs made of construction material,

[033] FIG. 6 illustrates the assembly of several roof panels obtained according to a second embodiment,

[034] Figure 7 is a sectional view of an alternative assembly of several roof panels obtained according to the second embodiment, [035] Figure 8 illustrates a molding step of a roof element according to a third embodiment,

[036] Figures 9 and 10 illustrate a roof element obtained according to the third embodiment, [037] FIG. 11 illustrates an assembly of several roof panels obtained according to the third embodiment, [038] FIG. 12 illustrates a roof element obtained according to an alternative embodiment of the third embodiment in which the element of roofing includes Fresnel lens geometry,

[039] FIG. 13 illustrates a step of creating a roof element according to a variant of the third embodiment, in which the Fresnel lens type geometry is obtained by means of an internal profile,

[040] FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, in which the solar panels are inserted in cavities of the internal profile,

[041] Figures 16a and 16b illustrate a mold for the creation of a roof element according to a fourth embodiment,

[042] FIG. 17 illustrates the assembly of a roof element according to the fourth embodiment,

[043] Figures 18 and 19 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the fourth embodiment.

[044] The method can be particularly suitable for the renovation of existing roofs 1, but also for the construction of roofs 1.

[045] It is preferable to print the roof 1 in several parts, called "roof panels 2" in the following description. Indeed, for material and logistical reasons, it may be advantageous to segment the roof 1 into several sections of roof 2, smaller and therefore lighter. The transport and installation of the roof panels 2 are thus facilitated.

[046] The roof panels 2 may correspond to portions of roof 1, but also to portions of cover 3.

[047] A cover 3 is in particular composed of a ridge 5, forming the top of the cover 3, to which are assembled at least two sides, called "side panels 6", extending on either side of the ridge 5, so that in cross section, along a transverse axis A, the cover 3 is generally in the form of an inverted V. [048] It also defines a longitudinal axis B, perpendicular to the transverse axis A and parallel to the ridge 5 of the roof. [049] Figures 1 to 5 illustrate a first possible embodiment of the invention.

[050] In this embodiment, it is proposed the construction of a roof panel 2 comprising a cover 3 also acting frame 4. This embodiment is also well suited to the construction of a single cover 3.

[051] The process is based on additive manufacturing with simple extrusion, for example of a soluble material, called printing medium 7: clay.

[052] In a first step, the mold 10 is made with the printing medium 7, or "molding material 7".

[053] The modeling of the roof panels 1 is carried out by computer-assisted design and then recorded in STL format to enable the additive manufacture of the roof panels 1. [054] The STL format corresponds in fact to a format allowing the printing in three dimensions (or "3D" in the following description) of the modeling of roof elements.

[055] The 3D printer 8, or the robot, capable of producing these models by additive manufacturing is composed of a simple extrusion nozzle for the clay material.

[056] The extrusion of the clay is done inter alia via compressed air. Alternatively, it can be provided to solubilize the clay with water.

[057] A support material for additive manufacturing is a soluble material which will temporarily allow to serve as a mold 10 before being solubilized.

[058] In this process, clay is the support material for the additive manufacturing of custom-made roof panels 2 made of polyvinyl chloride, or "PVC". It is a material completely soluble in water. [059] Lifting hooks 12 and tie rods are for example integrated roof panels 1 to allow slinging and transport on site.

[060] The realization of custom PVC roofing panels 1 by additive manufacturing simple extrusion is suitable for covering all types of buildings. [061] With reference to these drawings the device comprises a wooden box 9 in which, in a first step, will be printed by simple extrusion of clay using a robot or a 3D printer 8 the mold 10 roof panels 2.

[062] The roof panels 2 are made in a second time, by filling the vacuum space of the clay mold 10 by the liquid PVC. [063] According to the embodiment shown in particular in Figures 1 to 3, the mold 10 is shaped so that the ridge 5 of the roof panels 2 and the side panels 6 of the roof panels 1 are made in the same mold 10 and form one and the same piece, which is called "pan of ridge 14". [064] In the remainder of the description, the terms "side pan 6" and "pan ridge 14" are used to designate a "roof pan 2".

[065] This allows for example to avoid the creation of possible thermal bridges, or singular points, at the junction points of the ridge 5 and side panels 6. A thermal bridge is created at a point where an insulating barrier is broken. In the present invention, the creation of roof panels 2 comprising side panels 6 and a ridge 5 connected in a continuous manner avoids the creation of such thermal bridges.

[066] The mold 10 is made so that the axis B is parallel to the axis of gravity. This arrangement makes it possible, among other things, to make a ridge section 14, or a lateral section 6, in relief. For example, this arrangement makes it possible to create a mold 10 comprising various shapes, in particular to reproduce a shape of tiles on the side panels 6 of the roof elements 1 to measure.

[067] Clay is a printing medium 7 for additive manufacturing, which is entirely soluble in water and which allows the production of molds 10.

[068] Finally, in a third time the clay is solubilized in contact with the water to obtain custom PVC roofing panels 2. [069] Several molds 10 may be provided in order to achieve the different roof panels 2. For example, the roof element 1 is segmented along a longitudinal axis B. The various roof panels 2 interlock, for example, with each other. the others along the longitudinal axis B. [070] With reference to Figures 4 and 5, the PVC roof 2 can be provided with lugs 11 male and female for transverse assembly of one or more ridge sections 14 on site. [071] PVC roofing panels 2 have for example lifting hooks 12 and tie rods to allow their slinging and transport on site. The lifting hooks 12 are for example integrated with the roof panels, particularly at the ridge 5, at the stage of the creation of the mold 10.

[072] Alternatively, the lifting hooks 12 are inserts integrated into the roof panels before installation. The lifting hooks 12 can be removable.

[073] The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for covering all types of buildings.

[074] This embodiment also provides a roof pan such as a blanket or a roof gathering in one piece made to measure: the cover and the frame.

[075] Production by additive manufacturing reduces the cost and time of traditional processes. In addition, it allows custom-made roofing that in one piece meets the roofing and framing functions, while being more resistant and more energy efficient than a conventional roof.

[076] Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention, the elements identical to the elements described with reference to the first embodiment are not described.

[077] The method is for example adapted to the manufacture of roof panels 2 comprising only a cover 3 or roof panels 2 of a roof 1 comprising a cover 3 and a frame 4. [078] The roof panel 2 is for example made using a mold 10, created according to the type of roof pan 2 to achieve.

[079] For example, the shape of the mold 10 can be determined from the shape of the roof 2 already existing, especially in the case of a renovation.

[080] For example, the roof panel 2 is scanned to obtain a digital model, then the mold 10 is made in three dimensions, depending on the numerical model, by means of a suitable system. [081] Alternatively, it is expected to digitally model the roof section 2 from construction plans, in the case where the roof panel 2 does not exist yet. The mold 10 is then made according to the digital model of the roof pan 2.

[082] The material used for the mold 10 is for example a moldable material 7 soluble, printable by 3D printing, clay type.

[083] Once the mold 10 has been produced, an embodiment material 13 is injected capable of forming the roofing panel 2. The embodiment material 13 used is, for example, polyvinyl chloride (or "PVC"). Alternatively, the embodiment material 13 is a polymer, of the polymethyl methacrylate (or "PMMA") type, a resin or an elastomer.

[084] The embodiment material 13 is chosen according to the roofing panel 2 to be produced. For example, the embodiment material 13 may be dyed to reproduce a chosen color. The embodiment material 13 used may also be translucent.

[085] A roof panel 2 comprises for example a ridge panel 14, comprising side panels 6 connected by the ridge 5. Thus, the creation of singular points, or thermal bridges, is avoided at this level.

[086] These ridge sections 14 therefore generally have an inverted V shape in cross section. [087] A roof section 2 may also include a side panel 6, called "panel 15" in the following description.

[088] The panels 15, once molded, have a generally parallelepipedic structure, flat, comprising an inner surface 15a and an outer surface 15b. The inner surface 15a is adapted to be placed towards the interior of the building, more precisely against the frame 4 or the insulation of the roof.

[089] The panels comprise for example four sides, including two longitudinal sides, able to be placed parallel to the ridge 5, and two transverse sides, perpendicular to the longitudinal sides.

[090] Alternatively, it may be provided to mold panels 15 comprising reliefs, for example to reproduce the shape of tiles. [091] The panels 15 may comprise male and female lugs 11 on their transverse sides, so that two panels 15 may be nested to one another longitudinally. [092] The panels 15 may also comprise pins 11 male and female on their longitudinal sides to fit transversely, as shown in Figure 6.

[093] Similarly, the ridge sections 14 may comprise male and female lugs 11 on their transverse and longitudinal sides, so that two adjacent ridge flanks 14 may fit in shape complementary, in particular thanks to the lugs 11 males and females. The ridge sections 14 are also adapted to fit formally to the panels 15, thanks to the lugs 11.

[094] The junction points of the cover 3, located at the interlocking areas of the panels 15 and / or ridge sections 14 are treated for sealing. For example, a seal is placed at the sides of the panels 15 and / or ridge sections 14.

[095] Alternatively, male and female lugs 11 are only provided on the transverse sides of the panels 15 and ridge sections 14.

[096] To form the cover 3, the panels 15 are installed so that a longitudinal side of a panel located closer to the ridge 5 will overlap a longitudinal side of a panel located downstream, as shown in FIG. [097] This allows, on the one hand to have fewer junction points to treat, since with such an arrangement water flows from the ridge 5 to the lowest 15 panels without risk of infiltration at the junction points.

[098] This allows, on the other hand, to create a natural ventilation system since the air is able to pass between the longitudinal sides of the panels 15 overlapping.

[099] It is also possible to provide lifting hooks 12, in particular on the panels 15, but also on the ridge sections 14. The lifting hooks 12 allow hoisting the panels 15 and ridge panels 14 on the building.

The lifting hooks 12 and the lugs 11 male and female may be integral parts of the panels 15 and / or ridge sections 14 and are molded at the same time. Alternatively, the lifting hooks 12 and / or the lugs 11 male and female may be inserts and disposed on the ridge sections 14 and the panels 15 after molding. The lifting hooks 12 are for example removable.

Several molds 10 can be printed to make each piece. The number and shape of the molds 10 depend on the number of panels 15 and ridge sections 14.

Once the embodiment material 13 is injected into the mold, and solidified, the molding material 7 is solubilized, for example with water.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to produce molds 10 with a non-soluble molding material 7, for example a metal. Thus, the mold 10 can be made for the manufacture of several identical parts. For example, the roof panel 2 is segmented so that each ridge of ridge is identical to the others. Similarly, the roof panel 2 is for example segmented so that all panels 15 are identical.

The mold 10 can be removed mechanically, for example by mechanical pushing. In this alternative embodiment, the mold 10 made of non-soluble molding material 7 is for example printed by a 3D printer 8.

According to another alternative embodiment, it is also possible to provide a roof section 2 incorporating a thermal insulation. Panels 15 and ridge panels 14 are molded so that they have a cavity into which insulation siding may be placed, typically glass wool or other thermal insulation.

The panels 15 and ridge panels 14 are then placed on the building, as described above.

Referring to Figures 8 to 10, there is now described a third embodiment according to the invention, the elements already described with reference to the previous embodiments are not described. This embodiment is particularly suitable for the manufacture of roof pan 2, especially for the renovation and construction of buildings. This embodiment proposes to manufacture custom-made roof panels 2 comprising solar panels 17, for example photovoltaic or thermal solar panels 17, in order to obtain sustainable eco-roofing 1.

In this embodiment, the custom roof panel 2 is made in particular by relying on the latitude, orientation and inclination of the roof panel 2 to achieve.

The latitude of the roof pan 2 is in fact its geographical position on Earth with respect to the north and south poles. Its orientation is the direction towards which the roof pan 2 is oriented between the north, the south, the east and the west, or intermediate directions. Finally, the inclination corresponds to the slope of the roof pan 2, expressed in degrees.

[0114] The latitude of the roof pan 2 is constant. On the other hand, the orientation, as well as the inclination, can vary according to the roof sections. Indeed, a roof 1 is not necessarily flat which causes a change in the inclination of a roof panel 2 to another. Similarly, two side panels 6 located on either side of the ridge 5 are not oriented in the same way.

For the measurement of these parameters, it is possible to use suitable measuring instruments.

In the remainder of the description, the terms "panels 16" and "ridge sections 14" are used to designate a "roof panel 2".

In Figures 8 to 19, the panels 16 and ridge sections 14 reproduce the shape of a tile, type "tile channel" for illustrative purposes.

In the remainder of the description, only the method is described with reference to the panels 16, the method being identical for the ridge sections 14.

Figure 9 shows a panel 16, obtained after molding. The panels 16 have for example a first face 19 comprising a first outer face 19a facing a first inner face 19b, and a second face 20 comprising a second outer face 20a facing a second inner face 20b. The first and second outer faces 19a, 20a form an outer perimeter 21a and the first and second inner faces form an inner perimeter 21b.

The first and second outer faces 19a, 20a have a curvature so that in cross section a panel 16 is generally in the shape of a crescent moon. The first and second inner faces 19b, 20b respectively have the same degree of curvature as the first and second outer faces 19a, 20a. The first and second inner faces 19b, 20b are spaced from each other so that the inner perimeter 21b of the panel 16 is hollow.

The panels 16 are for example made by molding, by means of a mold 10 created with a molding material 7, as shown in Figure 8. The mold 10 can be made by 3D printing, as described above. The molding material 7 is for example a soluble material, clay type.

According to this embodiment, the panels 16 and ridge panels 14 may comprise one or more solar panels 17, for example photovoltaic solar panels 17.

In a first step, the mold 10 corresponding to the inner and outer perimeters 19a, 19b, 20a, 20b of the panel 16 is formed. The interior of the mold 10 is empty.

In a second step, an internal profile 18 is made of molding material 7. The internal profile 18 is for example intended to be placed inside the mold 10. The internal profile 18 forms, for example, the location in which at least one solar panel 17 is integrated in the panel 16.

The internal profile 18 is made according to each panel 16, since its shape depends on the orientation and the inclination corresponding to the panel 16.

The internal profiles 18 are for example placed in each mold 10, so that, after solubilization of the molding material 7, the orientation and inclination of the solar panels 17 integrated in the panel 16 allow to obtain a yield maximum. For example, in the northern hemisphere, the yield is maximum if the solar panels 17 are oriented towards the south. Thus, if a panel 16 of the cover 3 is oriented towards the east, the internal profile 18 of this panel 16 is placed in the mold 10 so that the solar panels 17 are oriented towards the south at the end of the molding.

Similarly, depending on the location and orientation of the cover 3, the optimum inclination of the solar panels 17 is calculated. The internal profile 18 is inclined in the panel according to this calculation, thus compensating for the inclination of the panel 16 which can not be modified since it depends essentially on the structure of the roof 1. The internal profile 18 comprises a plurality of bearings 18a, comprising at least two inclined and parallel bearings 18a. The optimum inclination of these bearings 18a is calculated according to the inclination of the cover 3 for each panel.

The use of bearings 18a for the inner profile 18 allows in particular to place solar panels 17 over the entire length of each panel 16 retaining the optimum inclination.

Once the internal profile 18 placed inside the mold 10, is injected the embodiment material 13 capable of forming the panel.

The embodiment material 13 used is for example PVC. Alternatively, the embodiment material 13 may be a polymer, of polymethyl methacrylate (or "PMMA") type, a resin or glass. The embodiment material 13 is for example translucent so that the solar panels 17 can capture the sun's rays.

According to the embodiment, the curvature of the panels 16 allows the convergence of the sun's rays towards the surface of the solar panels 17. [0134] The molding material 7 is then solubilized in order to obtain the panel 16, for example by means of a liquid sprayed on the molding material 7, such as water.

The solar panels 17 are introduced into the panels 16 for example by the open ends 22, which are then sealed by means of covers 26.

It also provides at least one orifice 23 on each cover 26 of the panels in order to pass electrical cables for connecting the solar panels 17 to an energy storage system and on the building's local electrical network. , as illustrated in FIG. 10. The orifice 23 also makes it possible to cool the panels 16 by allowing an air flow in the panels, from one orifice 23 to the other. The heating of the panels 16 may, for example, lead to a deterioration of the production material 13 as well as to the solar panels 17. In fact, to avoid such heating of the panels 16, multiple holes (not shown) may be provided on each of the covers 26. , allowing to circulate a large amount of air in the panels.

The laying of the cover 3 is done conventionally by superposition of the panels 16 on the frame 4. Figure 11 illustrates an example of installation of the panels 16 and ridge sections 14. FIG. 12 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the embodiment described in FIGS. 8 to 10, in which the description of parts that are similar or identical is omitted. When molding the panels 16, notches 24 are provided to allow the insertion of solar panels 17 inside the panels 16. The notches 24 are for example located on the first face 19 of the panels 16.

During molding, the notches 24 are placed so as to be in alignment with the locations provided by the internal profile 18 for the arrangement of the solar panels 17.

The mold 10 can be made with a soluble molding material 7, for example clay printed by a 3D printer 8. The internal profile 18 able to define the locations of the solar panels 17 according to the Inclination and orientation of the panels 16 is for example made by additive material manufacturing. The internet profile 18 can be produced in parallel with the production of the mold 10.

The internal profile 18 is for example placed in the mold 10 to reproduce the desired orientation and inclination.

In order to increase the efficiency of the solar panels 17, it is furthermore possible to modify the geometry of the internal perimeter 21b of the panels 16, in particular of their first inner face 20b.

The first inner face 20b of the panels 16 is for example molded so as to reproduce the geometry of a Fresnel lens. More specifically, the first inner face 20b of the panels 16 has, in cross-section, a plurality of rungs for directing the sun's rays towards the solar panels 17.

Alternatively, it can be provided to arrange the notches 24 at the second side 20 of the mold 10 so that the notches do not disturb the path of the sun's rays.

As a variant, and with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15, provision may be made for producing the Fresnel lens geometry by means of an internal lens profile 25. The internal lens profile 25 is, for example, molded so as to reproduce the steps present on the first inner face 20b of the panel 16 according to the previous embodiment. The internal lens profile 25 may be hollow in order to be able to receive the internal profile 18 corresponding to the locations intended to receive the solar panels 17. For example, the mold 10 is produced delimiting the perimeters 21a, 21b of the panel 16. The internal lens profile 25 is for example made at the same time as the mold 10, with the same molding material 7. The internal profile 18 is for example made in a second step with a molding material 7, then inserted into the internal lens profile 25. The inner profile 18 can also be made of the same molding material 7. It can further be provided to realize the internal profile 18 so that it bears directly against the inner lens profile so as to delimit the upper part 25a and a lower part 25b of the internal lens profile 25.

The molding material 7 may be soluble, for example clay. The embodiment material 13 is then injected between the mold 10 and the internal lens profile 25 to obtain the panel 16 after solubilization of the molding material 7. The embodiment material is also injected into the lower part 25b of the internal lens profile 25 .

Thus, after solubilization of the molding material 7, the first inner face 19b of the panel 16 comprises a Fresnel lens geometry. The first inner face 20b of the panel 16 comprises bearings on which to arrange the solar panels 17. [0152] In a variant, it is possible to provide the mold 10 defining the perimeters of the panel 16 and / or the internal lens profile in a material non-soluble molding for reuse, in case all panels are identical.

The process steps described with reference to the panels 16 also apply for the production of the ridge sections 14.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 14 and 15, the internal profile 18 no longer has a geometry comprising bearings 18a. The internal profile is for example generally flat, and having a plurality of cavities 18b hear transversely.

The cavities 18b are, for example, cut so that they are inclined as a function of the optimum inclination calculated for the solar panels 17.

After injection of the embodiment material 13, the solar panels 17 are inserted into the cavities 18b.

Figures 16a to 17 refer to a fourth embodiment within the meaning of the invention, wherein the elements identical to the previous embodiments are not described. In this embodiment, the panels 16 are in fact made by means of two molds 10a, 10b. More specifically, the panels 16 are made in two parts, in particular a lower part 16a and an upper part 16b, respectively formed by a first mold 10a and a second mold 10b.

The lower part 16a comprises for example the second face 20 of the panel 16, comprising outer and inner faces 20a, 20b, while the upper part 16b comprises the first face 19 of the panel 16 comprising outer and inner faces 19a, 19b.

FIG. 16a illustrates the step of manufacturing the first mold 10a. The first mold 10a is for example made with a molding material such as clay, using a 3D printer 8 as described above. We can also provide cavities 18b along the second inner face 20b of the lower part 10a, to insert solar panels 17. The cavities are molded so that, after molding, the panels 17 are oriented and inclined according to the orientation and the optimum angle relative to the position of the panel 16 on the cover 3. [0162] The first mold 10a is then filled with a clay-type material, and set to heat, by example in an oven. The heating process will harden the mold 10a and the filling material, so that they form the lower part of the panel 16.

FIG. 16b illustrates a step of manufacturing the second mold 10b. The second mold 10b can also be made of a molding material, for example soluble, such as clay. The mold is then filled with a production material 13 such as PVC. Alternatively, the embodiment material 13 is for example a PMMA, a resin or glass, so that the upper part of the panel 16 is translucent. [0164] It is furthermore possible to provide the first inner face 19b according to a Fresnel lens geometry. The Fresnel lens geometry, as well as the translucency of the upper part 16b of the panel makes it possible to further increase the efficiency of the solar panels.

Then the upper part 16b is superimposed on the lower part 16a. The upper and lower parts 16a, 16b are for example held to one another by means of rails 29 allowing the interlocking of the upper and lower parts 16a, 16b. The upper and lower parts 16b, 16a are assembled so that the first inner face 19b faces the second inner face 20b. Then covers the ends 22 of the panel 16 with covers 26. Figure 17 shows the mounting of a panel 16 made according to this embodiment. The covers 26 may also be provided with multiple holes, allowing air to circulate inside the panels 16 so as to cool them.

Alternatively, one can provide to fit the upper and lower parts 16a, 16b by means of male and female pins.

Figures 18 and 19 illustrate an alternative embodiment, in which the elements identical to the previous embodiments are not described.

In this embodiment, an internal profile 18 is for example no longer used for the integration of solar panels in the panel 16. In order to create the location of the solar panels according to the orientation and the 3, for example, a mold 27 made of molding material 7, for example soluble, of the clay type, represented more specifically in FIG. 18, is produced. The mold 27 is then filled with a production material 13. The embodiment material 13 is for example PVC. Alternatively the embodiment material may also be a polymethyl methacrylate polymer (or "PMMA"), a resin or glass. The mold 27 is then solubilized, for example by spraying it with water, in order to obtain an impression 30.

The impression 30 is then pressed on the lower part 16a of the panel 16. The projections 31 present on the cavity 30 will create cavities on the surface of the lower part 16a of the panel 16. These cavities are for example intended receiving and holding the solar panels 17 on the lower part 16a of the panel 16.

The lower part 16a of the panel 16 may be obtained by molding. For example, a first mold 10a is made using a molding material 7. The molding material 7 is for example a clay-like material. The first mold 10a is then filled with an embodiment material 13, for example clay. The impression 30 is for example applied to the embodiment material 13 at this step. Then, for example, the assembly is heated, so that the production material 13 and the molding material 7 solidify to give the lower part 16a of the panel 16.

Alternatively, the first mold 10a may be made of a molding material 7 of metal type, so that after obtaining the lower part 16a of the panel, the first mold 10a can be reused for the manufacture of New panels 16. Similarly, the impression 30 can be reused for several panels 16, in the case where the orientation and inclination of the panels 16 are identical. This variant of the process makes it possible on the one hand to accelerate the production time of the panels, and on the other hand to reduce manufacturing costs, since several parts are reused and therefore do not need to be created. for each new panel.

The upper part 16b of the panel 16 and the covers 26 are obtained in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 16b and 17.

References: roof 1 ridge 14 outer side roof panels 2 panel 15 20a

cover 3 inner surface 15a second inner face frame 4 outer surface 15b 20b

ridgeboard 5 30 panel 16 45 outer perimeter 21a lateral pan 6 lower part 16a inner perimeter 21b molding material 7 upper part 16b end 22

3D printer 8 solar panel 17 hole 23

box 9 internal profile 18 notch 24

mold 10 35 bearings 18a 50 internal lens profile 25 first mold 10a cavities 18b cache 26

second mold 10b first face 19 mold 27ergot 28 spur 11 first outer face 19a rail 29

lifting hook 12 first inner side 19b footprint 30

material of realization 13 40 second face 20 55 projection 31

Claims

1. Method for constructing tailor-made roof sections (2) by additive manufacturing, characterized in that it is based on additive manufacturing with simple extrusion of a molding material (7).

2. Method according to claim 1, comprising a step in which at least one mold (10, 10a, 10b, 27) is manufactured by layer by layer deposition of the molding material (7).

3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which at least one mold (10,

10a, 10b, 27) of a production material (13), then the molding material (7) of said at least one mold (10, 10a, 10b, 27) is solubilized to obtain a roof section (2).

4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of digital modeling of the roof section (2) to be made to measure to manufacture the mold (10, 10a, 10b, 27).

5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the construction of a roof section (2) comprises the manufacture of at least one internal profile (18) used for the insertion of one or more panels solar panels (17) in the roof section (2) as a function of the orientation and inclination of said roof section (2).

6. Method according to claim 5, in which the internal profile (18) is manufactured by additive manufacturing of the molding material (7).

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which a first mold (10a) and a second mold (10b) are manufactured respectively to obtain a lower part (16a) and an upper part ( 16b) of the roof section (2).

8. Method according to claim 7, in which an imprint (30) obtained from the mold (27) is applied to the lower part (16a) of the roof section (2) for the insertion of one or more solar panels (17) in the roof section (2).

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the roof sections (2) are assembled laterally using male and female lugs (11) arranged on a transverse face of the roof sections (2) .

10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which a joint of two adjacent roof sections (2) is treated for waterproofing.

11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the roof sections (2) are assembled along a transverse axis (A) by superimposing one roof section (2) on another, so that at least one end of a higher roof section (2) is above one end of another lower roof section (2) adjacent along the transverse axis (B).

12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the mold (10, 10a, 10b, 27) and/or the internal profile (18) are produced by 3D printing.

13. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the molding material (7) is a soluble material.

14. Method according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the molding material (7) is clay.

15. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, in which the production material (13) is chosen from one and/or the other of the following materials:

polyvinyl chloride,

a polymer, of the polymethyl methacrylate type,

a resin,

glass.

16. Method according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which the production material (13) is translucent.

17. Roof section (2) obtained by the method according to one of claims 1 to 16 characterized in that the roof section (2) thus obtained takes on in one and the same part the functions of: covering (3) and frame (4).

18. Roof section (2) according to claim 17 characterized in that the roof section (2) is provided with male and female lugs (11) allowing them to fit transversely on site.

19. Roof section (2) according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that at least one roof section (2) forms a Fresnel lens.

20. Roof section (2) according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that at least one roof section (2) is capable of receiving at least one solar panel (17).