WO2017193690A1 - 汽车尾气排放控制方法 - Google Patents
汽车尾气排放控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017193690A1 WO2017193690A1 PCT/CN2017/075938 CN2017075938W WO2017193690A1 WO 2017193690 A1 WO2017193690 A1 WO 2017193690A1 CN 2017075938 W CN2017075938 W CN 2017075938W WO 2017193690 A1 WO2017193690 A1 WO 2017193690A1
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- exhaust gas
- automobile
- exhaust
- purifier
- pressure value
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1406—Exhaust gas pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of automobile exhaust gas control, and particularly relates to a vehicle exhaust emission control method.
- the emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society.
- the exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc., which cause environmental pollution.
- the car exhaust gas purifier installed inside the car can usually absorb the harmful gas once, but when the road surface is uneven, for example, the car engine needs to output a large power. At this time, exhaust gas with a relatively high amount of harmful gas is discharged, and the exhaust gas purifier of the automobile is difficult to absorb the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, thereby causing environmental pollution.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle exhaust emission control method capable of effectively controlling the content of harmful gases in automobile exhaust gas and reducing the pollution degree of automobile exhaust gas to the environment.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- a vehicle exhaust emission control method includes the following steps:
- a second absorption command is issued to open the second purifier valve of the automobile, and the exhaust gas is controlled to pass through the second purifier of the automobile to realize secondary absorption treatment of the automobile exhaust gas.
- the automobile exhaust emission control method of the present invention controls whether the exhaust gas of the automobile is required by the exhaust gas pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine and the type and content of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas of the automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet.
- the secondary treatment is carried out, and if so, the automobile exhaust gas is secondarily absorbed by the second purifier of the automobile. Therefore, if the vehicle is driven on various road surfaces or when the engine work is different, there will be no exhaust gas exceeding the standard, which effectively prevents the automobile exhaust gas from polluting the environment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a vehicle exhaust emission control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a method for controlling vehicle exhaust emission includes the following steps:
- step S101 the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is obtained.
- the power generated by the car engine when the car is driving on different roads or when the car speed is different The difference is that the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is also different.
- the content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the engine is also different.
- Step S102 when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, detecting the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier, and obtaining the type and content of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas of the automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet is detected, which can effectively reduce the number of times and time of using the equipment used in the process, and prolong the service life of the equipment. .
- the type and content of the harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas can be separately detected by a plurality of gas detectors.
- M% the content of all harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier per unit time
- the harmful gas in the automobile exhaust gas is usually discharged after the automobile exhaust gas purifier is absorbed.
- the pressure value is greater than the predetermined value, there is a possibility that the automobile exhaust exceeds the standard.
- the predetermined value can be determined after testing according to different engines. For example, by detecting the content of harmful gas in the exhaust gas at the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine exhaust pipe, when the content reaches the maximum value that can be absorbed by the automobile exhaust gas purifier, the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine at this time can be exhausted.
- the magnitude of the pressure value is set to the predetermined value.
- step S103 it is determined whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas exceeds the standard according to the type and content of various harmful gases. If yes, step S104 is performed. Otherwise, the process returns to step S101 or step S102.
- Step S104 if the result of the determination in the step S103 is YES, the second absorption command is issued, the second purifier valve of the automobile is opened, and the exhaust gas is controlled to pass through the second purifier of the automobile to realize secondary absorption of the exhaust gas of the automobile. deal with.
- the second purifier of the automobile is filled with a carbon oxide adsorbent and a photocatalytic reactor; the carbon monoxide adsorbent can be used for treating carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas, and the photocatalytic reactor can be used for processing. Nitride and sulfide in the exhaust.
- the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and a copper chloride carried thereon, and the nitride in the composition accounts for 0.35-0.8 molar ratio;
- the inorganic carrier comprises: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide;
- the nitride is pyridine and Compositions.
- the photocatalytic reactor has a titanium dioxide photocatalytic reaction layer and uses ultraviolet light to emit ultraviolet rays to absorb nitrides and sulfides. Since this embodiment is for secondary treatment of automobile exhaust gas, harmful substances in automobile exhaust gas are usually used. The content is usually low, so that the nitride and sulfide can be completely absorbed by the photocatalytic reaction. In order to enhance the absorption of nitrides and sulfides, it is usually necessary to introduce oxygen, which can be supplied by an oxygen generator, and a small amount of carbon monoxide can also be absorbed in this step.
- the process of real-time detecting the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier and analyzing the exhaust gas to obtain the kinds and contents of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas may include the following steps:
- automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
- harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
- Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency can be used to detect the components of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the absorbed external spectrum can detect the content of the corresponding gas.
- the method may further include the following steps: sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal.
- the electrical signal can be filtered and amplified by the filtering circuit and the amplifying circuit respectively. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
- the following steps may be further included:
- the opening time of the second purifier valve of the automobile is controlled according to the instruction, and the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is stopped during the opening time.
- the predetermined time is generally set to a time of a few seconds, for example 3-5 seconds. If it is determined that the car is driving on a rough mountain road, the opening time of the second purifier valve of the car can be extended, for example, to 5 minutes or 10 minutes.
- the opening time can be set in advance, and the specific setting process can adopt the prior art, and details are not described herein.
- the predetermined time, the predetermined value, the set threshold, the limit of whether the harmful gas exceeds the standard, etc. can be set according to actual needs by using similar means.
- the separated nitrogen is discharged and the separated carbon dioxide is stored.
- nitrogen gas may float above the carbon dioxide after being pressurized to a certain range.
- the pressure treatment is carried out in a container having an opening at the upper end. When the pressure in the container is sufficient to separate the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen gas, the upper end opening is opened to discharge the nitrogen gas, so that carbon dioxide can be collected.
- carbon dioxide emissions cause environmental pollution in the air, they can be used in industrial and agricultural production, so that carbon dioxide can be effectively utilized to avoid environmental pollution.
- the process of controlling the exhaust gas passing through the second purifier of the automobile may specifically include the following steps:
- the reference speed is calculated based on the rotational speed, the current temperature, the exhaust pressure value, and the total content of each of the harmful gases in the exhaust gas, and the speed at which the exhaust gas passes through the second purifier of the automobile is adjusted according to the reference speed.
- V is the reference speed
- r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
- C is the total content of each harmful gas in the exhaust gas
- T is the current temperature in the second purifier of the automobile
- P is the exhaust pressure value
- a is a constant conversion
- the coefficient is between 0.23-0.48.
- an automobile exhaust emission control method is controlled by the exhaust gas pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine and the type and content of harmful gases in the exhaust gas of the automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet. Whether it is necessary to carry out secondary treatment of the automobile exhaust gas, if it is, the second exhaust of the automobile is secondarily absorbed by the second purifier of the automobile. Therefore, if the vehicle is driven on various road surfaces or when the engine work is different, there will be no exhaust gas exceeding the standard, which effectively prevents the automobile exhaust gas from polluting the environment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，包括：获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值（S101）；当排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，获取尾气中有害气体的种类及含量（S102）；根据各种有害气体的种类及含量判断尾气中是否存在超标的有害气体（S103）；若是，则发出二次吸收的指令，将汽车第二净化器阀门打开，控制尾气经过汽车第二净化器，实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理（S104）。该汽车尾气排放控制方法通过排气压力值及有害气体的种类及含量来判断是否对汽车尾气进行二次处理，避免尾气污染环境。
Description
本发明涉及汽车尾气控制技术领域，具体涉及一种汽车尾气排放控制方法。
汽车尾气的排放是社会高度关注的问题，汽车排放的尾气中包含有一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、硫氧化合物、氮氧化合物等各种有害气体，这些气体造成了环境污染。
通常汽车在比较平缓的公路上行驶时，汽车内部安装的汽车尾气净化器通常能较好的将有害气体一次吸收完毕，但是在例如山路等路面不平整时，汽车发动机则需要输出较大的功率，此时就会排出有害气体含量比较多的尾气，该汽车尾气净化器则难以将尾气中的有害气体一下吸收完毕，从而会造成对环境污染。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，能够有效地控制汽车尾气中有害气体的含量，降低汽车尾气对环境的污染程度。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，包括如下步骤：
获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；
当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，获取尾气中有害气体的种类及含量；
根据各种有害气体的种类及含量判断尾气中是否存在超标的有害气体；
若是，则发出二次吸收的指令，将汽车第二净化器阀门打开，控制所述尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器，实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理。
与现有技术相比，本发明的汽车尾气排放控制方法通过汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值及汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气中有害气体的种类及含量来控制是否需要对汽车尾气进行二次处理，若是则通过汽车第二净化器对汽车尾气进行二次吸收。从而使得汽车行驶在各种环境的路面上或者发动机做功不同的情况下均不会有排放超标的尾气，有效的防止汽车尾气对环境的污染。
图1为本发明的实施例中一种汽车尾气排放控制方法的流程示意图。
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述：
参照图1，本发明所提供的一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S101，获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值。由于汽车在不同道路上行驶或者汽车时速不同时汽车发动机所产生功率
不同，从而使得汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值也不同。该排气压力值不同时通常发动机排气管出口处的尾气中所包含有害气体的含量也不相同。
步骤S102，当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，获取尾气中有害气体的种类及含量。
本发明实施例中，只有当排气压力值达到预定值才对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，可以有效的降低完成该过程所述使用设备的使用次数和时间，延长该设备的使用寿命。
在其中一个实施例中，可通过多个气体检测器来分别检测出尾气中包含有害气体的种类及含量。当单位时间内汽车尾气净化器出口排出的尾气中所有害气体的含量占总尾气量大于或等于M％时则说明害气体超标。该M为正数，其可根据实际需要进行设定。
由于排气压力值小于预定值时，汽车尾气中的有害气体通常会在汽车尾气净化器吸收完毕之后排放出去。但是当该压力值大于预定值时则有可能会出现汽车尾气超标的情况。该预定值可根据不同发动机进行测试之后确定。例如通过对汽车发动机排气管出口处的尾气含有有害气体的含量进行检测，当该含量达到汽车尾气净化器所能吸收的最大值时，可将此时汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值的大小设为该预定值。
步骤S103，根据各种有害气体的种类及含量判断尾气中的有害气体是否超标。若是则执行步骤S104。否则返回执行步骤S101或者步骤S102。
步骤S104，若步骤S103的判断结果为是，则发出二次吸收的指令，将汽车第二净化器阀门打开，控制所述尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器，实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理。
在其中一个实施例中，所述汽车第二净化器内填充有一氧化碳吸附剂及光催化反应器；所述一氧化碳吸附剂可以用于处理尾气中的一氧化碳，所述光催化反应器可以用于处理尾气中的氮化物及硫化物。
作为一个较好的实施例，所述一氧化碳吸收剂可以为由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且该组合物中氮化物占0.35-0.8摩尔比；所述无机载体包括：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛；所述氮化物为吡啶及
的组合物。
另外，所述光催化反应器中具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线对氮化物及硫化物进行吸收，由于本实施例是针对汽车尾气的二次处理，通常汽车尾气中的有害物质的含量通常较低，所以通过光催化反应之后可以彻底将氮化物及硫化物吸收。为了加强对氮化物及硫化物的吸收，通常需要通入氧气，该氧气可通过一制氧设备提供，此步骤中同样可以吸收少量的一氧化碳。
作为优选的实施例，所述对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行实时检测，并对尾气进行分析获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量的过程可以包括如下步骤：
通过红外线检测的方式对尾气进行实时检测；
根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；
根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量。
由于汽车尾气中通常包含有一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、硫氧化合物、氮氧化合物等各种有害气体。而这些气体中每种气体具有特定的特征吸收谱带与特征频率，当红外光谱落在特征频率带附近的时候会被强烈的吸收。所以可通过相应特征频率的红外光谱来检测尾气中有害气体的成分，及被吸收的外光谱的量可以检测出相应气体的含量。
作为优选的实施例，在所述根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量之前，还可以包括如下步骤：将所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理。具体可分别通过滤波电路及放大电路对电信号进行滤波及放大处理。经过滤波及放大处理后的电信号，可以有效的提高电信号检测的准确度。
作为优选的实施例，在所述获取对汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值步骤之后，还可以包括以下步骤：
获取所述排气压力值在预定时间内大于或等于预定值的实际次数；
判断所述实际次数是否大于或等于设定阈值；
若是，则发送延长打开所述汽车第二净化器阀门的指令；
根据该指令控制所述汽车第二净化器阀门的打开时间，并在该打开时间内停止获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值。
本发明实施例中，当在预定时间内所述排气压力值大于或等于所
述预定值的实际次数达到一个设定阈值时，则自动判定汽车行驶在坎坷崎岖的山路上，否则自动判定汽车行驶在平坦的公路上。该预定时间一般设为几秒钟的时间，例如3-5秒钟。若通过判定汽车是行驶在坎坷崎岖的山路上，则可以延长汽车第二净化器阀门的打开时间，例如延长至5分钟或者10分钟等。该打开的时间可以预先进行设定，具体设定的过程可采用现有技术，此处不予赘述。同理所述预定时间、预定值、设定阈值、有害气体是否超标的界限等均可根据实际需要采用相类似的手段进行设定。
作为优选的实施例，在实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理之后，还可以包括如下步骤：
对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集，并进行加压至将尾气中的二氧化碳及氮气进行分离；
将分离后的氮气排放出去，并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。
本实施例中由于氮气的密度比二氧化碳小，经过加压至一定范围之后氮气会浮于二氧化碳至上。如此通过一上端有开口的容器中进行加压处理，当容器中的压强足够将二氧化碳及氮气分离时，将上端开口打开将氮气排放出去，从而可以收集二氧化碳。虽然二氧化碳排放在空气中会造成环境污染，但是其可以用于工农业生产，如此可以有效对二氧化碳进行合理利用，避免污染环境。
作为一个较好的实施例，控制所述尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器的过程具体可以包括如下步骤：
实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温
度；
根据转速、当前温度、排气压力值以及尾气中各有害气体的总含量计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器的速度。
本实施例中，可以采用如下公式来计算参考速度：
上式中，V为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为尾气中各有害气体的总含量，T为汽车第二净化器中的当前温度，P为排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，介于0.23-0.48之间。通过控制尾气排放到汽车第二净化器中的的速度，使得有害气体能够在汽车第二净化器中被更完全的吸收，从而可以有效提高尾气处理的效率。特别的，经过大量的实验数据证明，当a的值取为0.35时，尾气处理的效率最佳。
通过以上方案可以看出，本发明实施例的一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，通过汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值及汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气中有害气体的种类及含量来控制是否需要对汽车尾气进行二次处理，若是则通过汽车第二净化器对汽车尾气进行二次吸收。从而使得汽车行驶在各种环境的路面上或者发动机做功不同的情况下均不会有排放超标的尾气，有效的防止汽车尾气对环境的污染。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
- 一种汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，获取尾气中有害气体的种类及含量；根据各种有害气体的种类及含量判断尾气中是否存在超标的有害气体；若是，则发出二次吸收的指令，将汽车第二净化器阀门打开，控制所述尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器，实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理；在所述获取对汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值步骤之后，还包括以下步骤：获取所述排气压力值在预定时间内大于或等于预定值的实际次数；判断所述实际次数是否大于或等于设定阈值；若是，则发送延长打开所述汽车第二净化器阀门的指令；根据该指令控制所述汽车第二净化器阀门的打开时间，并在该打开时间内停止获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；控制所述尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器的过程包括：实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述汽车第二净化器中的当前温度；根据转速、当前温度、排气压力值以及尾气中各有害气体的总含量计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气经过所述汽车第二净化器的速度；采用如下公式来计算参考速度：
式中，V为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为尾气中各有 害气体的总含量，T为汽车第二净化器中的当前温度，P为排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，取值范围为0.23-0.48。 - 根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于，所述对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，获取尾气中有害气体的种类及含量的过程包括：通过红外线检测的方式对尾气进行检测；根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量。
- 根据权利要求2所述的汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于，在所述根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量之前，还包括步骤：将所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理。
- 根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于，在实现对汽车尾气的二次吸收处理之后还包括：对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集，并进行加压至将尾气中的二氧化碳及氮气进行分离；将分离后的氮气排放出去，并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。
- 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于，所述汽车第二净化器内填充有一氧化碳吸附剂及光催化反应器；所述一氧化碳吸附剂用于处理尾气中的一氧化碳，所述光催化反应器用于处理尾气中的氮化物及硫化物。
- 根据权利要求5所述的汽车尾气排放控制方法，其特征在于， 所述一氧化碳吸收剂为由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且该组合物中氮化物占0.35-0.8摩尔比；所述无机载体包括：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛；所述氮化物为吡啶及的组合物。
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