WO2017179186A1 - 無停電電源装置 - Google Patents
無停電電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017179186A1 WO2017179186A1 PCT/JP2016/062093 JP2016062093W WO2017179186A1 WO 2017179186 A1 WO2017179186 A1 WO 2017179186A1 JP 2016062093 W JP2016062093 W JP 2016062093W WO 2017179186 A1 WO2017179186 A1 WO 2017179186A1
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- power
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- control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
- H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply, and more particularly to an uninterruptible power supply of a constant commercial power supply system.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an uninterruptible power supply device of a constantly commercial power supply system.
- the uninterruptible power supply device includes a switch in which a first electrode receives AC power from a commercial AC power supply, and a second electrode connected to a load, and a power converter connected to the load.
- the switch When AC power is normally supplied from the commercial AC power supply, the switch is turned on, and AC power from the commercial AC power supply is supplied to the load via the switch.
- AC power is not normally supplied from the commercial AC power supply, the switch is turned off, and DC power supplied from the DC power supply is converted into AC power by the power converter and supplied to the load.
- Patent Document 1 when regenerative power is generated in a load, the regenerative power is returned to a commercial AC power source via a switch.
- the uninterruptible power supply is connected to a private generator instead of a commercial AC power supply, the regenerative power generated by the load returns to the private generator, and the private generator may break down.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide an uninterruptible power supply capable of suppressing regenerative power generated in a load from returning to an AC power supply.
- the uninterruptible power supply supplies the AC power from the AC power source to the load in the first case where the AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source, and the AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source.
- the second case there is an uninterruptible power supply that converts DC power from a DC power source into AC power and supplies the load to the load.
- the first electrode receives AC power from the AC power source.
- a switch that is turned on and turned off in the second case, an AC bus connected between the second electrode of the switch and the load, and in the second case, converts DC power from a DC power source into AC power.
- a first power converter that outputs to the AC bus; a charging mode that converts AC power received from the AC bus into DC power and supplies the DC power to the first power storage device; and DC power of the first power storage device.
- Discharge module that converts to AC power and outputs to AC bus
- a second power converter having a de, in which a control circuit for executing a first mode. In the first mode, the control circuit causes the second power converter to execute the charging mode when the load is in the regenerative operation, and sets the discharge mode to the second power converter when the load is in the power running operation. Let it run.
- the other uninterruptible power supply supplies the AC power from the AC power source to the first load in the first case where the AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source, and the AC power is supplied from the AC power source.
- the second case that is not normally supplied is an uninterruptible power supply device that converts DC power from a DC power source into AC power and supplies the AC power to the first load, the first power source being connected to the first load In the first case, the terminal, the second terminal connected to the second load for consuming the regenerative power generated in the first load, and the first electrode receive AC power from the AC power source.
- a second switch connected between the terminals of, in which a control circuit for executing a first mode. In the first mode, the control circuit turns on the second switch when the first load is in a regenerative operation, and turns off the second switch when the first load is in a power running operation.
- a second power converter is provided between the AC bus and the first power storage device, and the first power storage device is charged when the load is in a regenerative operation. Therefore, it can suppress that the regenerative electric power which generate
- a first terminal to which a first load is connected and a second terminal to which a second load that consumes regenerative power generated by the first load is connected.
- the first switch is connected between the first switch and the first switch when the first load is in regenerative operation, and the first switch is turned off when the first load is in power running Let Therefore, the regenerative power generated by the load can be consumed by the second load, and the regenerative power can be prevented from returning to the AC power supply.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- this uninterruptible power supply is an always commercial power supply type uninterruptible power supply, and includes input terminals TI1 to TI3, output terminals TO1 to TO3, switches 1a to 1c, AC buses 2a to 2c, and a control circuit 3 , 4, power converters 5, 6, filters 7, 8 and current detectors 9a to 9c.
- the input terminals TI1 to TI3 receive three-phase AC power supplied from the AC power supply 51, respectively.
- the AC power source 51 may be a commercial AC power source or a private generator.
- the AC power supply 51 supplies, for example, commercial frequency AC power to the uninterruptible power supply.
- the output terminals TO1 to TO3 are connected to the load 52.
- Load 52 is, for example, a motor, and is driven by AC power supplied from the uninterruptible power supply. In the first embodiment, it is assumed that the case where the load 52 is in a power running operation and the case where the load 52 is in a regenerative operation are alternately repeated.
- the first electrodes of the switches 1a to 1c are respectively connected to the input terminals TI1 to TI3, the second electrodes of the switches 1a to 1c are respectively connected to one ends of the AC buses 2a to 2c, and the other one of the AC buses 2a to 2c. The ends are connected to output terminals TO1 to TO3, respectively.
- Each of switches 1a-1c includes, for example, a pair of thyristors. The anode and cathode of one thyristor of the pair of thyristors are connected to the first and second electrodes, respectively, and the anode and cathode of the other thyristor are connected to the second and first electrodes, respectively.
- Each of the switches 1a to 1c may be a mechanical switch.
- the switches 1a to 1c are controlled by the control circuit 3, and are normally turned on when the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source 51, and the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source 51. If it is not present (for example, during a power failure), it is turned off.
- the power converter 5 is connected to the AC buses 2a to 2c through the filter 7 and to the DC power source 53.
- the DC power supply 53 supplies DC power to the power converter 5.
- the power converter 5 is controlled by a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal supplied from the control circuit 3 and is driven by DC power supplied from the DC power supply 53.
- the power converter 5 is in a standby state in which no current is output during normal times when the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power supply 51.
- the power converter 5 applies a reverse bias voltage to the switches 1a to 1c to switch the switches 1a to 1c. After quickly turning off, the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 53 is converted into three-phase AC power, and the three-phase AC power is supplied to the AC buses 2a to 2c via the filter 7.
- the filter 7 is provided between the power converter 5 and the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the filter 7 is a low-pass filter, and passes three-phase AC power having a commercial frequency, and prohibits a signal having a switching frequency generated by the power converter 5 from passing therethrough.
- the filter 7 shapes the rectangular AC voltage generated by the power converter 5 into a sinusoidal AC voltage.
- the control circuit 3 determines whether or not the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source 51 based on the voltages of the input terminals TI1 to TI3 (that is, the three-phase AC voltage supplied from the AC power source 51).
- the switches 1a to 1c and the power converter 5 are controlled based on the determination result.
- the control circuit 3 determines that the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power source 51.
- the control circuit 3 determines that the three-phase AC power is not normally supplied from the AC power supply 51.
- the control circuit 3 When the three-phase AC power is normally supplied from the AC power supply 51, the control circuit 3 turns on the switches 1a to 1c and sets the power converter 5 to the standby state. When the three-phase AC power is not normally supplied from the AC power supply 51, the control circuit 3 turns off the switches 1a to 1c and causes the power converter 5 to generate the three-phase AC power.
- the control circuit 3 stores the phase and voltage value of the three-phase AC voltage from the AC power supply 51.
- the control circuit 3 controls the power converter 5 based on the phase and voltage value of the stored three-phase AC voltage.
- the power converter 6 is connected to one end of the AC buses 2a to 2c through the filter 8 and to the lithium ion battery 54.
- the power converter 6 is controlled by a PWM signal supplied from the control circuit 4 and transfers power between the AC buses 2a to 2c and the lithium ion battery 54.
- the power converter 6 executes the charge mode when the load 52 is in the regenerative operation, and executes the discharge mode when the load 52 is in the power running operation.
- power converter 6 converts three-phase AC power supplied from AC buses 2a to 2c through filter 8 into DC power and stores it in lithium ion battery 54.
- power converter 6 converts the DC power of lithium ion battery 54 into three-phase AC power, and outputs the three-phase AC power to AC buses 2a to 2c via filter 8.
- the lithium ion battery 54 has a disadvantage that it is more expensive than a storage battery, but has a merit that it is less deteriorated due to charge / discharge and can be charged / discharged many times. For this reason, the lithium ion battery 54 is used as a battery that is charged and discharged each time the regenerative operation and power running operation of the load 52 are switched.
- the filter 8 is provided between the power converter 6 and the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the filter 8 is a low-pass filter, and passes three-phase AC power having a commercial frequency, and prohibits a signal having a switching frequency generated by the power converter 5 from passing therethrough.
- the filter 8 shapes the rectangular wave AC voltage generated by the power converter 6 into a sinusoidal AC voltage. Further, the filter 8 allows regenerative power generated by the load 52 to pass through.
- the current detectors 9a to 9c detect instantaneous values of currents flowing through the other ends of the AC buses 2a to 2c, respectively, and output signals indicating the detected values.
- the control circuit 4 controls the power converter 6 based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c and the three-phase AC voltage of the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the control circuit 4 determines whether the load 52 is performing a regenerative operation or a power running operation based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c.
- the control circuit 4 obtains an effective current and a reactive current by, for example, three-phase to two-phase conversion (for example, dq conversion) of a three-phase alternating current obtained from output signals of three current detectors 9a to 9c.
- the control circuit 4 determines that the load 52 is in a power running operation, and the effective current has a negative value.
- the effective current flows out from the load 52 (that is, when the effective current is flowing out from the load 52), it is determined that the load 52 is performing the regenerative operation.
- the control circuit 4 causes the power converter 6 to execute the charging mode and charge the lithium ion battery 54 when the load 52 is in a regenerative operation.
- the control circuit 4 causes the power converter 6 to execute the discharge mode and discharge the lithium ion battery 54.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the power converters 5 and 6 and the filters 7 and 8.
- power converter 5 includes transistors Q1-Q6 and diodes D1-D6.
- Filter 7 includes reactors L1 to L3 and capacitors C1 to C3.
- Each of the transistors Q1 to Q6 is, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).
- the collectors of the transistors Q1 to Q3 are all connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 53, the emitters of the transistors Q1 to Q3 are connected to the collectors of the transistors Q4 to Q6, respectively, and the emitters of the transistors Q4 to Q6 are all connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 53 Is done.
- Diodes D1-D6 are connected in antiparallel to transistors Q1-Q6, respectively.
- Each of the transistors Q1 to Q6 is on / off controlled by the control circuit 3 of FIG.
- the control circuit 3 turns on the transistors Q1 to Q6 in a predetermined order for a predetermined time to convert the output voltage of the DC power source 53 into a three-phase AC voltage.
- Reactors L1 to L3 have one terminals connected to the emitters of transistors Q1 to Q3, respectively, and the other terminals connected to AC buses 2a to 2c, respectively.
- Capacitors C1 to C3 have one electrodes connected to AC buses 2a to 2c, respectively, and the other electrodes connected to AC buses 2b, 2c and 2a, respectively.
- Reactors L1 to L3 and capacitors C1 to C3 constitute a low-pass filter, which converts rectangular wave AC voltage generated by transistors Q1 to Q6 into sinusoidal AC voltage and supplies it to AC buses 2a to 2c. .
- the power converter 6 includes transistors Q11 to Q16 and diodes D11 to D16.
- Filter 8 includes reactors L11 to L13 and capacitors C11 to C13.
- Each of transistors Q11-Q16 is, for example, an IGBT.
- the collectors of the transistors Q11 to Q13 are all connected to the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery 54, the emitters of the transistors Q11 to Q13 are connected to the collectors of the transistors Q14 to Q16, respectively, and the emitters of the transistors Q14 to Q16 are both negative electrodes of the lithium ion battery 54. Connected to. Diodes D11 to D16 are connected in antiparallel to transistors Q11 to Q16, respectively.
- Reactors L11 to L13 have one terminals connected to the emitters of transistors Q11 to Q13, respectively, and the other terminals connected to AC buses 2a to 2c, respectively.
- Capacitors C11 to C13 have one electrodes connected to AC buses 2a to 2c, respectively, and the other electrodes connected to AC buses 2b, 2c and 2a, respectively.
- Reactors L11 to L13 and capacitors C11 to C13 constitute a low-pass filter, which converts rectangular wave AC voltage generated by transistors Q11 to Q16 into sinusoidal AC voltage and supplies it to AC buses 2a to 2c. .
- Each of the transistors Q11 to Q16 is on / off controlled by the control circuit 4 of FIG.
- the control circuit 4 turns on the transistors Q11 to Q16 in a predetermined order for a predetermined time, and generates regenerative power (three-phase AC) supplied from the AC buses 2a to 2c via the filter 8. Power) is converted into DC power, and the lithium ion battery 54 is charged.
- the phase of the three-phase AC voltage appearing at the emitters of the transistors Q11 to Q13 is delayed from the phase of the three-phase AC voltage appearing at the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the lithium ion battery 54 is charged by passing a current from the buses 2a to 2c to the lithium ion battery 54.
- the control circuit 4 When the load 52 is in a power running operation, the control circuit 4 turns on the transistors Q11 to Q16 in a predetermined order for a predetermined time, converts the DC power of the lithium ion battery 54 into three-phase AC power, and converts the lithium ion battery 54 Is discharged.
- the phase of the three-phase AC voltage appearing at the emitters of the transistors Q11 to Q13 is advanced from the phase of the three-phase AC voltage appearing at the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the lithium ion battery 54 is discharged by passing a current from the lithium ion battery 54 to the AC buses 2a to 2c.
- the switches 1a to 1c are turned off by the control circuit 3, and the DC power from the DC power source 53 is converted into three-phase AC power by the power converter 5. And supplied to the load 52 via the filter 7 and the AC buses 2a to 2c. Therefore, the operation of the load 52 can be continued during the period when the DC power is supplied from the DC power supply 53.
- the regenerative power generated in the load 52 is converted into DC power and stored in the lithium ion battery 54, and when the load 52 is in a power running operation, the lithium ion battery 54 is restored.
- the DC power is converted into three-phase AC power and supplied to the load 52.
- AC buses 2a to 2c are connected to lithium ion battery 54 through power converter 6, and lithium ion battery 54 is charged when load 52 is in a regenerative operation.
- the lithium ion battery 54 is discharged. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the regenerative power generated by the load 52 from returning to the AC power source 51.
- the regenerative power generated by the load 52 can be used effectively, the efficiency of the uninterruptible power supply can be improved.
- an electric double layer capacitor may be provided, or an electrolytic capacitor may be provided.
- the direct-current power supply 53 for driving the power converter 5 was provided, you may provide a storage battery (electric power storage apparatus) as this direct-current power supply 53.
- the control circuit 3 controls the power converter 5 so that the inter-terminal voltage of the storage battery becomes the target voltage.
- the power converter 5 is controlled by the control circuit 3 and converts the three-phase AC power supplied from the AC power source 51 via the switches 1a to 1c into DC power and stores it in the storage battery.
- the power converter 5 converts the DC power of the storage battery into three-phase AC power, and the three-phase AC power is converted to the filter 7 and the AC bus 2a to The load 52 is supplied via 2c. Therefore, for example, even when a power failure occurs, the operation of the load 52 can be continued during the period in which the DC power is stored in the storage battery.
- a capacitor may be provided instead of the storage battery.
- the storage battery has an advantage that it is cheaper than the lithium ion battery 54, but has a disadvantage that it is largely deteriorated due to charge and discharge and cannot be charged and discharged many times. Although the number of times that a power failure occurs is small, a large amount of power is required at the time of a power failure, so it is preferable to use an inexpensive storage battery as a battery for storing DC power used at the time of a power failure.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of the uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and is a diagram contrasted with FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, this uninterruptible power supply is different from the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 1 in that control circuits 3 and 4 are replaced with control circuits 3A and 4A, respectively.
- the control circuit 3A determines whether or not the three-phase AC voltage supplied from the AC power supply 51 is normal. If the three-phase AC voltage is normal, the control circuit 3A outputs the abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 to the “L” level which is an inactivation level. If the three-phase AC voltage is not normal, the abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 is set to the activation level “H” level.
- the abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 becomes the “L” level of the inactivation level, and the three-phase AC power supplied from the AC power supply 51 is normal. If not, the abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 becomes the activation level “H” level.
- the control circuit 4A determines whether the load 52 is performing a regenerative operation or a power running operation based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c.
- the control circuit 4A operates in the same manner as the control circuit 4 of FIG. 1 (that is, executes the first mode), and the load 52 performs the regenerative operation.
- the power converter 6 is caused to execute the charging mode to charge the lithium ion battery 54, and when the load 52 is in the power running operation, the power converter 6 is caused to execute the discharging mode to discharge the lithium ion battery 54. This is because when the time interval for performing the regenerative operation of the load 52 is within a predetermined time, it is estimated that the load 52 performing the regenerative operation is connected to the output terminals TO1 to TO3.
- control circuit 4A When the regenerative operation of the load 52 is not performed within the predetermined time, the control circuit 4A operates in the same manner as the control circuit 3 of FIG. 1 (that is, executes the second mode). That is, when abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 is at the “L” level of the inactivation level, control circuit 4A causes power converter 6 to execute the charging mode to charge lithium ion battery 54, and abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 is activated. When the level is the “H” level, the power converter 6 is caused to execute the discharge mode to discharge the lithium ion battery 54. This is because if the regenerative operation of the load 52 is not performed even after the predetermined time has elapsed, it is estimated that the load 52 that performs only the power running operation is connected. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will not be repeated.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and even when the load 52 that performs only power running is connected, the power converter 6, the lithium ion battery 54, and the like can be used effectively. It is possible to increase the power that can be supplied in the event of a power failure.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of the uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and is a diagram contrasted with FIG. Referring to FIG. 4, this uninterruptible power supply is different from the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 3 in that control circuit 4A is replaced with control circuit 4B, and setting unit 10 is added.
- the setting unit 10 includes buttons and the like operated by the user of the uninterruptible power supply, and is used to set whether or not the load 52 is for regenerative operation.
- the setting unit 10 sets the control signal CNT to the “L” level when the user sets the load 52 to perform regenerative operation.
- the setting unit 10 sets the control signal CNT to the “H” level.
- the setting unit 10 constitutes a selection unit that selects any one of the first mode and the second mode.
- the control circuit 4B When the control signal CNT is at the “L” level (that is, when the first mode is selected), the control circuit 4B is based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c, similarly to the control circuit 4 of FIG. Whether the load 52 is performing regenerative operation or powering operation is determined. When the load 52 is in a regenerative operation, the control circuit 4B causes the power converter 6 to execute a charging mode to charge the lithium ion battery 54, and when the load 52 is in a power running operation, the control circuit 4B discharges to the power converter 6. The mode is executed and the lithium ion battery 54 is discharged.
- control circuit 4B When the control signal CNT is at “H” level (that is, when the second mode is selected), the control circuit 4B operates in the same manner as the control circuit 3 of FIG. That is, when abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 is at the “L” level of the inactivation level, control circuit 4B causes power converter 6 to execute the charging mode to charge lithium ion battery 54, and abnormality detection signal ⁇ 3 is activated. When the level is the “H” level, the power converter 6 is caused to execute the discharge mode to discharge the lithium ion battery 54. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will not be repeated.
- the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained, and when the load 52 that performs only the power running operation is connected, the operation of the control circuit 4B can be simplified, and the control circuit 4B The current consumption can be reduced.
- the lithium ion battery 54 when the control signal CNT is set to the “H” level, the lithium ion battery 54 is used as a battery for storing power to be used at the time of a power failure.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the lithium ion battery 54 may be used as a battery for storing regenerative power when the load 52 performs a regenerative operation.
- the operation of the control circuit 4B can be switched. Therefore, when one load is changed to the other load, the operation of the control circuit 4B can be automatically switched even if the operation of the setting unit 10 is forgotten.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and is compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 5, this uninterruptible power supply is different from the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 1 in that setting unit 10, control circuit 20, switch is used instead of control circuit 4, power converter 6 and filter 8. 21a to 21c and load terminals TL1 to TL3 are provided.
- a load 55 for consuming regenerative power generated in the load 52 is connected to the load terminals TL1 to TL3.
- the load 55 includes three resistance elements or three inductors. One terminals of the three resistance elements (or three inductors) are connected to the load terminals TL1 to TL3, respectively, and the other terminals thereof are connected to each other.
- the one terminals of the switches 21a to 21c are connected to the output terminals TO1 to TO3, respectively, and the other terminals of the switches 21a to 21c are connected to the load terminals TL1 to TL3, respectively.
- the switches 21a to 21c are controlled by the control circuit 20.
- the setting unit 10 includes buttons and the like operated by the user of the uninterruptible power supply, and is used to set whether or not the load 52 is for regenerative operation.
- the setting unit 10 sets the control signal CNT to the “L” level when the user sets the load 52 to perform regenerative operation.
- the setting unit 10 sets the control signal CNT to the “H” level.
- the control circuit 20 When the control signal CNT is at the “L” level, the control circuit 20 performs the regenerative operation or the power running operation of the load 52 based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c, similarly to the control circuit 4 of FIG. Judge whether it is.
- the control circuit 20 When the load 52 is in the regenerative operation, the control circuit 20 turns on the switches 21a to 21c to consume the regenerative power by the load 55, and when the load 52 is in the power running operation, turns off the switches 21a to 21c.
- the load 55 is electrically disconnected from the load 52.
- the control signal CNT When the control signal CNT is at “H” level, the control circuit 20 turns off the switches 21a to 21c. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will not be repeated.
- the switches 21a to 21c are turned on and the regenerative power is consumed by the load 55. Therefore, the regenerative power can be prevented from returning to the AC power supply 51. . Therefore, even when a private generator is used as the AC power supply 51, it is possible to prevent the private generator from being damaged by the regenerative power generated by the load 52. Further, when the load 52 that performs only the power running operation is connected, the operation of the control circuit 20 can be simplified by setting the control signal CNT to “H” level using the setting unit 10. The current consumption of the circuit 20 can be reduced.
- the switches 21a to 21c are turned off.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the control signal CNT is set to the “H” level.
- the switches 21a to 21c may be turned on when the load 52 performs the regenerative operation.
- the operation of the control circuit 4B can be switched. Therefore, when one load is changed to the other load, the operation of the control circuit 20 can be automatically switched even if the operation of the setting unit 10 is forgotten.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and is compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 6, this uninterruptible power supply is different from the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 5 in that control circuit 20 is replaced with control circuit 25, and switches 22a to 22c and load terminals TL4 to TL6 are added. It is a point.
- a load 56 for consuming regenerative power generated in the load 52 is connected to the load terminals TL4 to TL6.
- the load 56 includes three resistance elements or three inductors. One terminals of the three resistance elements (or three inductors) are connected to the load terminals TL4 to TL6, respectively, and the other terminals thereof are connected to each other.
- the one terminals of the switches 22a to 22c are connected to the output terminals TO1 to TO3, respectively, and the other terminals of the switches 22a to 22c are connected to the load terminals TL4 to TL6, respectively.
- the switches 21a to 21c and 22a to 22c are controlled by the control circuit 25.
- the control circuit 25 obtains an effective current flowing through the load 52 based on the output signals of the current detectors 9a to 9c, and the effective current is a negative value ( That is, when the effective current flows out of the load 52), it is determined that the load 52 is performing a regenerative operation, and the effective current is a positive value (that is, when the effective current flows into the load 52). Determines that the load 52 is in a power running operation.
- the control circuit 25 turns on only the switches 21a to 21c among the switches 21a to 21c and 22a to 22c when the absolute value of the effective current is smaller than the threshold current, When the absolute value of the effective current is larger than the threshold current, all of the switches 21a to 21c and 22a to 22c are turned on. Accordingly, when the regenerative current generated in the load 52 is relatively small, the regenerative current is consumed only by the load 55, and when the regenerative current generated in the load 52 is relatively large, the regenerative current is consumed by the loads 55 and 56. Can do. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the fourth embodiment, description thereof will not be repeated.
- the same effect as in the fourth embodiment can be obtained, and the number of loads for regenerative power consumption is changed according to the magnitude of the regenerative current generated in the load 52. Therefore, the switches 21a to 21c, Variations in the voltages of the output terminals TO1 to TO3 due to the on / off of the terminals 22a to 22c can be suppressed to be small.
- two sets of switches 21a to 21c, 22a to 22c and loads 55 and 56 are provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more sets of switches and loads are provided.
- the number of switches to be turned on may be changed according to the magnitude of the regenerative current that is generated.
- TI1 to TI3 input terminal TO1 to TO3 output terminal, 1a to 1c, 21a to 21c, 22a to 22c switch, 2a to 2c AC bus, 3, 3A, 4, 4A, 4B, 20, 25 control circuit, 5, 6 Power converter, 7,8 filter, 9a-9c current detector, Q1-Q6, Q11-Q16 transistor, D1-D6, D11-D16 diode, L1-L3, L11-L13 reactor, C1-C3, C11-C13 Capacitor, 10 setting unit, 51 AC power source, 52, 55, 56 load, 53 DC power source, 54 lithium ion battery.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による無停電電源装置の構成を示す回路ブロック図である。図1において、この無停電電源装置は、常時商用給電方式の無停電電源装置であって、入力端子TI1~TI3、出力端子TO1~TO3、スイッチ1a~1c、交流母線2a~2c、制御回路3,4、電力変換器5,6、フィルタ7,8、および電流検出器9a~9cを備える。
一般に、無停電電源装置には回生運転しない負荷が接続される場合が多く、回生運転する負荷が接続される場合は少ない。回生運転しない負荷が無停電電源装置に接続された場合、実施の形態1の無停電電源装置では、制御回路4、電力変換器6、フィルタ8、電流検出器9a~9c、およびリチウムイオン電池54が使用されず、無駄になる。この実施の形態2では、この問題の解決が図られる。
実施の形態2では、電流検出器9a~9cの検出結果に基づいて負荷52が回生運転しているか力行運転しているかを判定し、負荷52が回生運転していない時間が所定時間を超えた場合にはリチウムイオン電池54を停電時に電力を供給するための電池として使用した。しかし、負荷52を運転しなくても負荷52が回生運転するか否かが明らかな場合は、回生運転していない時間が所定時間を超えたか否かを判定する動作は無駄になり、制御回路4Aで電流が無駄に消費される恐れがある。この実施の形態3では、この問題の解決が図られる。
図5は、この発明の実施の形態4による無停電電源装置の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図1と対比される図である。図5を参照して、この無停電電源装置が図1の無停電電源装置と異なる点は、制御回路4、電力変換器6、およびフィルタ8の代わりに、設定部10、制御回路20、スイッチ21a~21c、および負荷端子TL1~TL3が設けられている点である。
図6は、この発明の実施の形態5による無停電電源装置の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図5と対比される図である。図6を参照して、この無停電電源装置が図5の無停電電源装置と異なる点は、制御回路20が制御回路25で置換され、スイッチ22a~22cおよび負荷端子TL4~TL6が追加されている点である。
Claims (17)
- 交流電源から交流電力が正常に供給されている第1の場合は前記交流電源からの交流電力を負荷に供給し、前記交流電源から交流電力が正常に供給されていない第2の場合は直流電源からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記負荷に供給する無停電電源装置であって、
第1の電極が前記交流電源からの交流電力を受け、前記第1の場合にオンされ、前記第2の場合にオフされるスイッチと、
前記スイッチの第2の電極と前記負荷の間に接続される交流母線と、
前記第2の場合に前記直流電源からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流母線に出力する第1の電力変換器と、
前記交流母線から受けた交流電力を直流電力に変換して第1の電力貯蔵装置に供給する充電モードと、前記第1の電力貯蔵装置の直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流母線に出力する放電モードとを有する第2の電力変換器と、
第1のモードを実行する制御回路とを備え、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記負荷が回生運転している場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記充電モードを実行させ、前記負荷が力行運転している場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記放電モードを実行させる、無停電電源装置。 - さらに、前記交流母線に流れる電流を検出する電流検出器を備え、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記電流検出器の検出結果に基づいて前記負荷が回生運転しているか力行運転しているかを判定し、前記負荷が回生運転していると判定した場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記充電モードを実行させ、前記負荷が力行運転していると判定した場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記放電モードを実行させる、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記無停電電源装置は、前記交流電源から三相交流電力が正常に供給されている前記第1の場合は前記交流電源からの三相交流電力を前記負荷に供給し、前記交流電源から三相交流電力が正常に供給されていない前記第2の場合は前記直流電源からの直流電力を三相交流電力に変換して前記負荷に供給し、
3つのスイッチ、3本の交流母線、および3つの電流検出器を備え、
前記3つのスイッチの第1の電極は前記交流電源からの三相交流電力を受け、前記3つのスイッチの第2の電極はそれぞれ前記3本の交流母線の一方端に接続され、前記3本の交流母線の他方端は前記負荷に接続され、
前記第1の電力変換器は、前記第2の場合に前記直流電源からの直流電力を三相交流電力に変換して前記3本の交流母線に出力し、
前記第2の電力変換器は、前記3本の交流母線から受けた三相交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記第1の電力貯蔵装置に供給する前記充電モードと、前記第1の電力貯蔵装置の直流電力を三相交流電力に変換して前記3本の交流母線に出力する前記放電モードとを有し、
前記3つの電流検出器は、前記3本の交流母線に流れる三相交流電流をそれぞれ検出し、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記3つの電流検出器によって検出された三相交流電流を三相-二相変換して有効電流および無効電流を求め、前記有効電流が前記負荷に流入している場合は前記負荷が力行運転していると判定し、前記有効電流が前記負荷から流出している場合は前記負荷が回生運転していると判定する、請求項2に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記制御回路は、前記負荷が回生運転していない時間が予め定められた時間よりも短い場合は前記第1のモードを実行し、前記負荷が回生運転していない時間が前記予め定められた時間よりも長い場合は第2のモードを実行し、
前記第2のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記第1の場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記充電モードを実行させ、前記第2の場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記放電モードを実行させる、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - さらに、前記第1のモードと第2のモードとのうちのいずれか1つのモードを選択する選択部を備え、
前記第1のモードが選択された場合において前記制御回路は前記第1のモードを実行し、
前記第2のモードが選択された場合において前記制御回路は、前記第1の場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記充電モードを実行させ、前記第2の場合は前記第2の電力変換器に前記放電モードを実行させる、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記第2のモードが選択された場合であっても前記制御回路は、前記負荷が回生運転した場合は前記第1のモードを実行する、請求項5に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記直流電源は第2の電力貯蔵装置であり、
前記第1の電力変換器は、前記第1の場合は前記交流母線から受けた交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記第2の電力貯蔵装置に供給し、前記第2の場合は前記第2の電力貯蔵装置の直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流母線に出力する、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記第1の電力貯蔵装置はリチウムイオン電池を含む、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記第1の電力貯蔵装置は電気二重層コンデンサを含む、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記第1の電力貯蔵装置は電解コンデンサを含む、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 交流電源から交流電力が正常に供給されている第1の場合は前記交流電源からの交流電力を第1の負荷に供給し、前記交流電源から交流電力が正常に供給されていない第2の場合は直流電源からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記第1の負荷に供給する無停電電源装置であって、
前記第1の負荷に接続される第1の端子と、
前記第1の負荷で発生する回生電力を消費させるための第2の負荷に接続される第2の端子と、
第1の電極が前記交流電源からの交流電力を受け、前記第1の場合にオンされ、前記第2の場合にオフされる第1のスイッチと、
前記第1のスイッチの第2の電極と前記第1の端子との間に接続された交流母線と、
前記第2の場合に前記直流電源からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流母線に出力する電力変換器と、
前記第1および第2の端子間に接続された第2のスイッチと、
第1のモードを実行する制御回路とを備え、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記第1の負荷が回生運転している場合は前記第2のスイッチをオンさせ、前記第1の負荷が力行運転している場合は前記第2のスイッチをオフさせる、無停電電源装置。 - さらに、前記交流母線に流れる電流を検出する電流検出器を備え、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記電流検出器の検出結果に基づいて前記負荷が回生運転しているか力行運転しているかを判定し、前記第1の負荷が回生運転していると判定した場合は前記第2のスイッチをオンさせ、前記第1の負荷が力行運転していると判定した場合は前記第2のスイッチをオフさせる、請求項11に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記無停電電源装置は、前記交流電源から三相交流電力が正常に供給されている前記第1の場合は前記交流電源からの三相交流電力を前記負荷に供給し、前記交流電源から三相交流電力が正常に供給されていない前記第2の場合は前記直流電源からの直流電力を三相交流電力に変換して前記負荷に供給し、
3つの第1の端子、3つの第2の端子、3本の交流母線、3つの第1のスイッチ、3つの第2のスイッチ、および3つの電流検出器を備え、
前記3つの第1の端子は前記第1の負荷に接続され、
前記3つの第2の端子は前記第2の負荷に接続され、
前記3つの第1のスイッチの第1の電極は前記交流電源からの三相交流電力を受け、前記3つの第1のスイッチの第2の電極はそれぞれ前記3本の交流母線の一方端に接続され、前記3本の交流母線の他方端はそれぞれ前記3つの第1の端子に接続され、
前記3つの第2のスイッチの第1の電極はそれぞれ前記3本の交流母線に接続され、前記3つの第2のスイッチの第2の電極はそれぞれ前記3つの第2の端子に接続され、
前記電力変換器は、前記第2の場合に前記直流電源からの直流電力を三相交流電力に変換して前記3本の交流母線に出力し、
前記3つの電流検出器は、前記3本の交流母線に流れる三相交流電流をそれぞれ検出し、
前記第1のモードにおいて前記制御回路は、前記3つの電流検出器によって検出された三相交流電流を三相-二相変換して有効電流および無効電流を求め、前記有効電流が前記負荷に流入している場合は前記第1の負荷が力行運転していると判定し、前記有効電流が前記第1の負荷から流出している場合は前記第1の負荷が回生運転していると判定する、請求項12に記載の無停電電源装置。 - さらに、前記第1の負荷で発生する回生電力を消費させるための第3の負荷が接続される第3の端子と、
前記第1および第3の端子間に接続された第3のスイッチとを備え、
前記制御回路は、前記第1の負荷が回生運転している場合において、前記有効電流が予め定められたしきい値電流よりも小さいときは前記第2および第3のスイッチのうちの前記第2のスイッチのみをオンさせ、前記有効電流が前記予め定められたしきい値電流よりも大きいときは前記第2および第3のスイッチの両方をオンさせる、請求項13に記載の無停電電源装置。 - さらに、前記第1のモードと前記第2のスイッチをオフさせる第2のモードとのうちのいずれか1つのモードを選択する選択部を備え、
前記第1のモードが選択された場合には前記制御回路は前記第1のモードを実行し、
前記第2のモードが選択された場合には前記制御回路は前記第2のモードを実行する、請求項11に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記第2のモードが選択された場合であっても前記制御回路は、前記負荷が回生運転した場合は前記第1のモードを実行する、請求項15に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記直流電源は電力貯蔵装置であり、
前記電力変換器は、前記第1の場合は前記交流母線から受けた交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記電力貯蔵装置に供給し、前記第2の場合は前記電力貯蔵装置の直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流母線に供給する、請求項11に記載の無停電電源装置。
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- 2016-04-15 US US16/086,340 patent/US11271419B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-15 EP EP16898646.1A patent/EP3444923A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-04-15 WO PCT/JP2016/062093 patent/WO2017179186A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-04-15 CN CN201680083716.XA patent/CN109075604B/zh active Active
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US11271419B2 (en) | 2022-03-08 |
EP3444923A1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
CN109075604B (zh) | 2021-12-07 |
KR102085471B1 (ko) | 2020-03-05 |
JPWO2017179186A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
JP6603405B2 (ja) | 2019-11-06 |
CN109075604A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
US20190089181A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
KR20180114169A (ko) | 2018-10-17 |
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