WO2017145927A1 - エステル交換油及びこれをハードストックとする可塑性油脂組成物 - Google Patents
エステル交換油及びこれをハードストックとする可塑性油脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017145927A1 WO2017145927A1 PCT/JP2017/005842 JP2017005842W WO2017145927A1 WO 2017145927 A1 WO2017145927 A1 WO 2017145927A1 JP 2017005842 W JP2017005842 W JP 2017005842W WO 2017145927 A1 WO2017145927 A1 WO 2017145927A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/001—Spread compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/015—Reducing calorie content; Reducing fat content, e.g. "halvarines"
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transesterified oil and a plastic fat composition using the same as a hard stock.
- the physical properties are adjusted by adjusting the melting point and SFC of the oil and fat used.
- the physical properties of the fat and oil are directly linked to the physical properties such as the spread property at low temperatures of the fat and oil composition, the blotting property of liquid oil at high temperatures, the solubility in the mouth, and the graining property.
- the greater the blending amount of the low melting point oil and fat such as liquid oil the better the plastic oil and fat composition is.
- a method of obtaining a certain physical property and good mouth-melting property by blending an appropriate amount of a high melting point fat into a low melting point fat mainly composed of liquid oil is performed.
- This high melting point portion is particularly called hard stock, and is greatly involved in spread properties at low temperatures, which are important as physical properties of margarine and fat spreads, bleed out properties of liquid oil at high temperatures, meltability in the mouth, and graining properties.
- Hard stocks are mainly used as part of fats and oils in oily foods, and if they can give hardness effectively in a smaller amount, the whole oily foods can be designed more freely and may be useful. Many.
- the fats and oils used as this hard stock increase the trans-acid content in the hardened oil, so that margins and fat spreads with good liquid oil smearing properties at high temperatures, as well as good meltability and graining properties can be obtained. Since it can be obtained, hardened oil having a melting point of about 35 ° C. to 40 ° C. obtained by hydrogenation of liquid oil has been used.
- transesterified fats and oils have a problem that the solidification rate is inferior to partially hydrogenated fats and oils, which is important as a hard stock application for a plastic fat and oil composition.
- the SFC% in the high temperature range such as 30 ° C. and 35 ° C. becomes high, so the mouth melting is inferior compared to the partially hydrogenated fat and oil, so that it can not be blended so much into the plastic fat composition.
- a quality problem occurred.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a transesterified fat and oil having a low content of saturated fatty acid and trans acid and providing good physical properties for use as a hard stock of a plastic fat composition, and a plastic fat composition using the same.
- the present inventor has completed the present invention by adjusting the saturated fatty acid content of the constituent fatty acids of the non-selective transesterified oil.
- the saturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acid is 70 to 85% by weight, the saturated fatty acid having 12 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C12) is less than 10% by weight, and the unsaturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acid is 15 to 30% by weight.
- Non-selective transesterified oil (2) The nonselective transesterified oil according to (1), wherein the monounsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C18: 1) is 10 to 25% by weight, (3) Composition ratio of a saturated fatty acid having 16 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C16), a saturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C18), and a saturated fatty acid having 22 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C22).
- C16 saturated fatty acid having 16 carbon atoms
- C18 saturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms
- C22 saturated fatty acid having 22 carbon atoms
- the transesterified oil of the present invention it is possible to obtain a transesterified oil and fat having a low content of saturated fatty acid and trans acid and providing good physical properties for use as a hard stock of a plastic oil and fat composition, and a plastic oil and fat composition using the same.
- the transesterified oil of the present invention has an excellent solidification rate that is important for use as a hard stock of a plastic fat composition.
- the transesterified oil of the present invention is used as a hard stock of a plastic fat composition, the occurrence of graining is suppressed with little liquid oil stains, and good physical properties are exhibited in the mouth-opening and low-temperature spread properties. It is possible to obtain a plastic fat composition having the effect of
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention is a non-selective transesterified oil prepared by adjusting the fatty acid composition, and can be suitably used as a hard stock.
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention is prepared by non-selective transesterification with a metal catalyst such as sodium methylate or a randomized transesterified lipase.
- the amount of saturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acid is 70 to 85% by weight, preferably 80 to 85% by weight.
- C12 is less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight.
- the amount of unsaturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acid is 15 to 30% by weight, and preferably C18: 1 is 10 to 25% by weight. More preferably, the amount of unsaturated fatty acid is 15 to 20% by weight and C18: 1 is 15 to 20% by weight.
- the composition ratio of C16, C18, and C22 preferably satisfies all of the following mathematical expressions. 0.2 ⁇ C16 / C18 ⁇ 2.0 5.0 ⁇ C16 / C22 ⁇ 30.0 5.0 ⁇ C18 / C22
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention is More preferably, the composition ratio of C16 and C18 is 0.5 ⁇ C16 / C18 ⁇ 1.0, More preferably, 0.5 ⁇ C16 / C18 ⁇ 1.0.
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention is More preferably, the composition ratio of C16 and C22 is 8.0 ⁇ C16 / C22 ⁇ 20.0, More preferably, it is 8.0 ⁇ C16 / C22 ⁇ 15.0.
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention is More preferably, the composition ratio of C18 and C22 is 7.0 ⁇ C18 / C22, More preferably, 10.0 ⁇ C18 / C22.
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention may be adjusted within the above-mentioned range, but as fats and oils that can be used as a raw material of the transesterified oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil , Sunflower oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, olive oil, sesame oil, palm oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil and other vegetable oils, and milk fat, beef tallow, pork fat and other animal fats, and hardened oils, fractionated oils thereof, Examples thereof include hardened fractionated oil, fractionated hardened oil, processed oil and fat subjected to transesterification, and mixed oils and fats thereof.
- rapeseed oil corn oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, palm oil, vegetable oils and fats thereof, hardened oil, fractionated oil, hardened fractionated oil, fractionated hardened oil, processed fats and oils subjected to transesterification, etc.
- These mixed fats and oils can be exemplified.
- palm extremely hardened oil high erucic acid rapeseed extremely hardened oil, and sunflower oil.
- the palm extremely hardened oil is blended in the range of 60% by weight to 90% by weight, Hyerucinate rapeseed extremely hardened oil in the range of 1% by weight to 10% by weight, and sunflower oil in the range of 10% by weight to 30% by weight.
- the fatty acid composition of the non-selective transesterified oil is out of the above range, the physical properties of margarine and fat spread, which are plastic fat compositions using the non-selective transesterified oil as a hard stock, may be deteriorated.
- the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention can be used as a hard stock as it is, but it is used by appropriately adding an emulsifier such as glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester and lecithin. can do.
- an emulsifier such as glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester and lecithin. can do.
- the hard stock obtained by using the non-selective transesterified oil of the present invention can produce a plastic fat composition such as margarine and fat spread by blending a liquid oil.
- a liquid oil examples include rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, safflower oil, kapok oil, sesame oil, evening primrose, and the like. It may be used.
- Exemplifying a method for producing the plastic fat composition of the present invention it is produced by rapidly cooling and kneading a mixed oil containing 5 to 30% by weight of the hard stock and 70 to 95% by weight of a liquid oil according to a conventional method. Can do. When the blending ratio of the hard stock is too smaller than the above range, the stain resistance of the liquid oil at high temperature is deteriorated, and when it is too much, spread property and meltability at low temperature tend to be deteriorated.
- the plastic fat composition manufactured using the hard stock in the present invention is melted at 60 ° C., held at 15 ° C., and the time required for SFC% of the fat to reach 14% is within 10 minutes. It is preferable from the viewpoint of solidification.
- Example 1 Comparative Examples 1 and 2 After blending the fat and oil raw materials such that the saturated fatty acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, C12, C16, C18, C18: 1, and C22 contents were as shown in Table 1, chemical transesterification was performed.
- Example 1 was prepared by subjecting oils and fats prepared such that 75% by weight of palm extremely hardened oil, 5% by weight of high erucic acid rapeseed hardened oil and 20% by weight of sunflower oil were subjected to a chemical transesterification reaction.
- Comparative Example 1 was prepared by chemical transesterification of fats and oils prepared such that palm stearin was 66 wt%, palm oil was 31 wt%, and high erucic acid rapeseed extremely hardened oil was 3 wt%.
- Comparative Example 2 was prepared by subjecting oil and fat prepared so that rapeseed oil was 52% by weight, palm kernel oil was 38% by weight, and high erucic acid rapeseed extremely hardened oil was 10% by chemical transesterification.
- the chemical transesterification reaction was performed as follows. Sodium methylate 0.3% by weight was added to each oil and fat, and a random transesterification reaction was performed at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes under reduced pressure.
- each fat and oil was neutralized and washed with a 50 wt% aqueous citric acid solution.
- the amount of the citric acid aqueous solution added was 5% by weight with respect to the fats and oils.
- each fat and oil was washed with water.
- the amount of water used for washing was 20% by weight with respect to fats and oils.
- each fat and oil was purified and used for later examination.
- the oil and fat purification conditions were as described below.
- Decolorization conditions After adding 1.5% by weight of clay to each oil and fat, decolorization operation is performed at 110 ° C. for 10 minutes under reduced pressure.
- Deodorizing condition Deodorizing operation is performed at 240 ° C. ⁇ 5 ° C. for 90 minutes under reduced pressure. The amount of steam blown at the time of the deodorizing operation was 5% by weight of the weight of fats and oils subjected to the deodorizing operation.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 In Comparative Example 3, a palm oil extremely hardened oil and fat was used, and in Comparative Example 4, Hyelic acid rapeseed extremely hardened oil was used. Table 1 shows the content of each saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, C12, C16, C18, C18: 1, and C22.
- rapeseed oil was used as the liquid oil.
- the blending amount of rapeseed oil was adjusted in order to make the saturated fatty acid content in the margarine use fats and oils in each test section the same level.
- the saturated fatty acid content, quenched SFC, and rising melting point of each oil and fat were as shown in Table 2.
- Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were adjusted according to the formulation shown in Table 2.
- the prepared fat was melted at 60 ° C. and then held at 15 ° C., and the solidification rate of the plastic fat composition was compared from the SFC% at each elapsed time. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 1 As a result of measuring the solidification rate at 15 ° C. of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the time required for Example 1 to reach SFC% of 14% was within 10 minutes, whereas Comparative Example 1 was It took 30 minutes, and in Comparative Example 2, the SFC% at 15 ° C. was not 14% or more.
- a margarine was prototyped using the plastic fat composition prepared by adjusting the hard stocks of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 according to the formulation shown in Table 2. It was formulated at a ratio of 84 parts by weight of the plastic fat composition and 16 parts by weight of water. Subsequently, 0.01 part by weight of glycerin fatty acid ester was added as an emulsifier. The mixture was pre-emulsified with a homomixer, and then prototyped with a combinator. The prototype margarine was evaluated.
- the temperature at which the hardness was about 400 g was determined as the optimum product temperature.
- the optimum use product temperature was 20 ° C. It can be seen that it can be applied to a very wide range of usage environments.
- the optimum product temperature is 5 ° C. or less, and it can be used only in a limited use environment.
- the margarine produced as a prototype in Example 1 had no graining, had stiffness and heat resistance, and had good quality in all evaluation items.
- Comparative Example 1 a margarine with plasticity and stiffness could be prototyped. Graining occurred and the result was inferior to that of Example 1.
- the margarine made as a prototype in Comparative Example 2 was somewhat inferior in hardness and almost free of stiffness.
- Example 1 the SFC% at 30 ° C. and 35 ° C. that affect the mouthfeel is relatively low as 11.2% and 9.3%, and the oil solidification rate is also better than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Showed a solidification rate. Further, Example 1 was a good physical property that can be applied to a very wide range of usage environments in the trial production of margarine, and was obtained with excellent quality both in the mouth and physical properties of margarine. Since Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were inferior to Example 1 in the solidification rate, it was impossible in comprehensive evaluation. In the case of Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the SFC% at 30 ° C. and 35 ° C. was as high as 14.1% and 15.7%, and this was not allowed because it affected the mouth-feeling with margarine.
- Example 2 and Example 3 After the fat and oil raw materials were blended so that the saturated fatty acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, C12, C16, C18, C18: 1, and C22 contents were as shown in Table 7, chemical transesterification was performed.
- Example 2 was prepared by subjecting oils and fats prepared such that 70% by weight of the palm extremely hardened oil, 5% by weight of the high erucic acid rapeseed hardened oil, and 25% by weight of sunflower oil were subjected to a chemical transesterification reaction.
- Example 3 was prepared by subjecting fats and oils prepared such that the palm extremely hardened oil was 67% by weight, the high erucic acid rapeseed extremely hardened oil was 5% by weight, and the sunflower oil was 28% by weight, by chemical transesterification.
- the plastic fat of the present invention A composition was obtained.
- the non-selective transesterified oils of Examples 2 and 3 satisfy all of the following (1) to (3). (1) 70 to 85% by weight of saturated fatty acid in constituent fatty acids (2) Less than 10% by weight of C12 (3) 15-30% by weight of unsaturated fatty acids in constituent fatty acids In the non-selective transesterified oils of Examples 2 and 3, C18: 1 is 10 to 25% by weight.
- the non-selective transesterified oils of Examples 2 and 3 satisfy all the following mathematical expressions.
- plastic oil-fat composition which prepared the hard stock of Example 2 and Example 3 similarly to Example 1 was in the range with the favorable SFC and fat-solidification rate similarly to Example 1. Moreover, in the margarine evaluation prepared using this plastic fat composition, both the mouthfeel and the storage physical properties were good.
- transesterified oil and fat having a low content of saturated fatty acid and trans acid and providing good physical properties for use as a hard stock of a plastic oil and fat composition, and a plastic oil and fat composition using the same.
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Abstract
Description
エステル交換油脂の固化速度を高めようとすると、30℃、35℃といった高温域のSFC%が高くなるため、部分水素添加油脂に比べて口溶けが劣るため、可塑性油脂組成物にあまり多く配合できないという品質的問題が生じた。また近年では、トランス酸とともに飽和脂肪酸の低減も望まれるようになった。
(1) 構成脂肪酸中の飽和脂肪酸が70~85重量%であり、炭素数12個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C12とする)が10重量%未満、構成脂肪酸中の不飽和脂肪酸が15~30重量%である、非選択的エステル交換油、
(2) 炭素数18個の一価不飽和脂肪酸(以下、C18:1とする)が10~25重量%である、(1)の非選択的エステル交換油、
(3) 炭素数16個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C16とする)、炭素数18個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C18とする)、炭素数22個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C22とする)の組成比が、下記数式を全て満たす、(1)または(2)の非選択的エステル交換油、
0.2 ≦ C16/C18 ≦ 2.0
5.0 ≦ C16/C22 ≦ 30.0
5.0 ≦ C18/C22
(4) 上昇融点が45~60℃である、(1)~(3)のいずれかの非選択的エステル交換油、
(5) (1)~(4)のいずれかの非選択的エステル交換油30~5重量%、および液体油70~95重量%含有する、可塑性油脂組成物、
(6) (5)の可塑性油脂組成物中の飽和脂肪酸含有量が25重量%以下であることを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物、
(7) (5)または(6)の可塑性油脂組成物中のトランス酸含有量が2.0g/100g以下であることを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物、
(8) 60℃で融解させたのち、15℃で保持し、油脂のSFC%が14%に達するのに要する時間が10分以内である、(5)~(7)のいずれかの可塑性油脂組成物、
である。
さらに好ましい態様として、本発明のエステル交換油は可塑性油脂組成物のハードストック用途として重要な固化速度が優れている。かかる本発明のエステル交換油を可塑性油脂組成物のハードストックとして使用すれば、液体油のシミ出しが少なくグレーニングの発生が抑制され、また口どけ・低温でのスプレッド性において良好な物性を示すという効果を有した可塑性油脂組成物を得ることが出来る。
また本発明の非選択的エステル交換油は、ナトリウムメチラート等の金属触媒やランダム化エステル交換リパーゼによる非選択的エステル交換により調製される。
0.2 ≦C16/C18 ≦ 2.0
5.0 ≦C16/C22 ≦ 30.0
5.0 ≦C18/C22
より好ましい、C16、C18の組成比が、0.5 ≦C16/C18 ≦ 1.0、
さらに好ましくは、0.5 <C16/C18 < 1.0、である。
より好ましい、C16、C22の組成比が、
8.0 ≦C16/C22 ≦ 20.0、
さらに好ましくは、8.0 <C16/C22 ≦ 15.0、である。
より好ましい、C18、C22の組成比が、7.0 ≦C18/C22、
さらに好ましくは、10.0 ≦C18/C22、である。
好ましくは、大豆油、菜種油、コーン油、綿実油、落花生油、ひまわり油、こめ油、ベニバナ油、パーム油、の植物油脂、ならびに、それらの硬化油、分別油、硬化分別油、分別硬化油、エステル交換等を施した加工油脂、さらにこれらの混合油脂等が例示できる。
より好ましくは、大豆油、菜種油、コーン油、綿実油、ひまわり油、こめ油、サフラワー油、パーム油、の植物油脂、ならびに、それらの硬化油、分別油、硬化分別油、分別硬化油、エステル交換等を施した加工油脂、さらにこれらの混合油脂等が例示できる。
さらに好ましくは、菜種油、コーン油、ひまわり油、ベニバナ油、パーム油、の植物油脂、ならびに、それらの硬化油、分別油、硬化分別油、分別硬化油、エステル交換等を施した加工油脂、さらにこれらの混合油脂等が例示できる。
最も好ましくは、パーム極度硬化油、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油、ひまわり油を使用することが好ましい。
パーム極度硬化油を60重量%~90重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油を1重量%~10重量%、ひまわり油を10重量%~30重量%の範囲内で配合することがより好ましい。
実施例1、比較例1、2
飽和脂肪酸、不飽和脂肪酸含量、C12、C16、C18、C18:1、C22の含有量が表1となる様に油脂原料を配合した後に、化学エステル交換反応を行なった。
実施例1はパーム極度硬化油が75重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油が5重量%、ひまわり油が20重量%となる様調合した油脂を化学エステル交換反応することで調製した。
比較例1はパームステアリンが66重量%、パーム油が31重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油が3重量%となる様調合した油脂を化学エステル交換反応することで調製した。
比較例2は菜種油が52重量%、パーム核油が38重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油が10重量%となる様調合した油脂を化学エステル交換反応することで調製した。
化学エステル交換反応は次のように実施した。各油脂にナトリウムメチラート0.3重量%を添加し、減圧下、80℃にて30分間ランダムエステル交換反応を行った。ランダムエステル交換反応後、各油脂を50重量%クエン酸水溶液にて中和及び洗浄した。添加したクエン酸水溶液の量は油脂に対して5重量%とした。クエン酸での洗浄後、各油脂を水を用いて洗浄した。洗浄に用いた水の量は油脂に対して20重量%とした。
水による洗浄を行った後、各油脂を精製し、後の検討に使用した。油脂の精製条件は下記に記載の通りに行った。
脱色条件:各油脂に白土1.5重量%添加した後、減圧下、110℃にて10分間
脱色操作を行う。
脱臭条件:減圧下、240℃±5℃にて90分脱臭操作を行う。
脱臭操作時に吹き込む蒸気量は、脱臭操作に供した油脂重量の5重量%とした。
比較例3にはパーム油の極度硬化油脂を、比較例4にはハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油を用いた。それぞれの飽和脂肪酸、不飽和脂肪酸含量、C12、C16、C18、C18:1、C22の含有量は表1のとおりである。
実施例1及び比較例1、2、3、4全ての場合で、液体油として菜種油を使用した。各試験区でのマーガリン使用油脂中の飽和脂肪酸含量を同程度にするため、菜種油の配合量を調整した。また、各油脂の飽和脂肪酸含量、急冷SFC、上昇融点は表2に記載の通りとなった。
実施例1及び比較例1、2のハードストックを表2記載の配合で調整した可塑性油脂組成物を使用して、マーガリンを試作した。
可塑性油脂組成物84重量部、水16重量部の割合で調合した。続いて乳化剤としてグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを0.01重量部加えた。上記混合物をホモミキサーにて予備乳化させた後、コンビネーターにて試作を行った。試作したマーガリンの評価を行った。
得られた製品を一辺が5±1cmの立方体に切断し、各温度のインキュベーターへ入れ、 24時間経過後の硬さを測定した。硬さは、不動工業社製「レオメーター」を使用し、直径1cmのプランジャーを5cm/minの速度で押し当てることにより測定した。結果を表4に示す。
比較例1では可塑性、コシがあるマーガリンが試作できた。グレーニングが発生し、実施例1よりも口どけが劣る結果であった。
比較例2で試作したマーガリンは、硬さがやや劣り、コシもほとんどないものであった。
また、実施例1は、マーガリン試作において、非常に幅広い使用環境に適用できる良好な物性であって、マーガリンの口どけ、物性共に優れた品質で得られた。
比較例1、2は、固化速度が実施例1よりも劣るため、総合評価で不可であった。
比較例3、4の場合は、30℃、35℃のSFC%が14.1%、15.7%と高く、マーガリンでの口どけに影響するため不可とした。
飽和脂肪酸、不飽和脂肪酸含量、C12、C16、C18、C18:1、C22の含有量が表7となる様に油脂原料を配合した後に、化学エステル交換反応を行なった。
実施例2はパーム極度硬化油が70重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油が5重量%、ひまわり油が25重量%となる様調合した油脂を化学エステル交換反応することで調製した。
実施例3はパーム極度硬化油が67重量%、ハイエルシン酸菜種極度硬化油が5重量%、ひまわり油が28重量%となる様調合した油脂を化学エステル交換反応することで調製した。
また、実施例2、実施例3の非選択的エステル交換油30~5重量%と菜種油70~95重量%を配合し、全飽和脂肪酸含量を23%に調整することで、本発明の可塑性油脂組成物が得られた。
(1)構成脂肪酸中の飽和脂肪酸が70~85重量%
(2)C12が10重量%未満
(3)構成脂肪酸中の不飽和脂肪酸が15~30重量%
実施例2、実施例3の非選択的エステル交換油は、C18:1が10~25重量%である。
実施例2、実施例3の非選択的エステル交換油は、下記数式を全て満たす。
0.2 ≦ C16/C18 ≦ 2.0
5.0 ≦ C16/C22 ≦ 30.0
5.0 ≦ C18/C22
なお、実施例2、実施例3のハードストックを実施例1同様に調製した可塑性油脂組成物は、実施例1同様にSFC,油脂固化速度とも良好な範囲にあった。
また、該可塑性油脂組成物を使用して調製したマーガリン評価でも、口どけ、保存物性とも良好であった。
Claims (8)
- 構成脂肪酸中の飽和脂肪酸が70~85重量%であり、炭素数12個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C12とする)が10重量%未満、構成脂肪酸中の不飽和脂肪酸が15~30重量%である、非選択的エステル交換油。
- 炭素数18個の一価不飽和脂肪酸(以下、C18:1とする)が10~25重量%である、請求項1に記載の非選択的エステル交換油。
- 炭素数16個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C16とする)、炭素数18個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C18とする)、炭素数22個の飽和脂肪酸(以下、C22とする)の組成比が、下記数式を全て満たす、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の非選択的エステル交換油。
0.2 ≦ C16/C18 ≦ 2.0
5.0 ≦ C16/C22 ≦ 30.0
5.0 ≦ C18/C22 - 上昇融点が45~60℃である、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の非選択的エステル交換油。
- 請求項1~請求項4の何れか1項に記載の非選択的エステル交換油30~5重量%、及び液体油70~95重量%含有する、可塑性油脂組成物。
- 請求項5に記載の可塑性油脂組成物中の飽和脂肪酸含有量が25重量%以下であることを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物。
- 請求項5又は請求項6に記載の可塑性油脂組成物中のトランス酸含有量が2.0g/100g以下であることを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物。
- 60℃で融解させたのち、15℃で保持し、油脂のSFC%が14%に達するのに要する時間が10分以内である、請求項5~請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の可塑性油脂組成物。
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