Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
  • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
  • C10M2215/1026—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates used as thickening material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/26—Waterproofing or water resistance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• This invention relates to a grease composition, and more specifically to a urea grease.
• Japanese Laid-open Patent 2000-198994 has disclosed a water-resistant urea-based grease, to be used in
• Japanese Laid-open Patent 2005-008745 has also disclosed a urea grease composition for use in constant velocity joints characterised in that the urea grease is made to contain a sulphurised molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate of specific structure, a triphenyl phosphorothionate of specific structure and a stearic acid metal salt.
• This invention therefore, addresses this situation by offering a urea-based grease exhibiting a long-term water- resistant life while having superior water-resistant
• the invention offers the following [1] to [9] .
• API American Petroleum Institute
• a metal soap being a stearic acid metal salt, as a second additive constituent
• Grease composition of any of [1] to [3] wherein the thickener is a diurea or a tetraurea.
• Grease composition of any of [1] to [8] wherein the blended amount of the aforementioned third constituent is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, taking the total grease composition as 100 parts by mass.
• Figure 1 is a drawing showing an outline of a water- resistant lubrication life test rig.
• the grease composition pertaining to the present embodiment is a blend of specific additives to a urea grease. A detailed explanation is given below of the specific
• compositions As specific examples mention may be made of those of Groups 1 to 5 of the base oil categories of the API
• API base oil category is a classification in a range of base oil materials as defined by the American Petroleum Institute in order to create guidelines for lubricating oil base oils.
• paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oils obtained by means of one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of refining treatments such as solvent deasphalt ing, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulphuric acid cleaning or clay treatment on lubricating oil fractions obtained by
• PAO poly-OC-olefin
• oligomers hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils
• hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils oligomers
• ethylene, propylene and single polymers oligomers
• copolymers of isobutene These compounds may be used singly or in mixtures of two or more kinds. Also, provided they have a C-C double bond at a terminal, these compounds may have whichever structure the isomer structure can take, and may have either a branched structure or a straight-chain
• olefins those more preferred for use are straight-chain olefins of carbon number 6 to 30, because the flash point is too low with a carbon number of 5 or less and the viscosity is too high, and so not practical, with a carbon number of 31 or higher.
• GTL gas-to-liquid oils synthesised by the Fischer- Tropsch process which is a technology for producing liquid fuels from natural gas.
• GTLs have a very low sulphur content and aromatic content, and a very high paraffin constituent ratio, so that they have superior oxidative stability and very small evaporation losses, which means they are ideal for possible use as a base oil in this invention.
• urea thickener of the known art, there is no special restriction on the urea thickener used in the present embodiment, but ideally it will be a diurea thickener obtained by reacting 1 mol of a diisocyanate and 2 mol of a primary monoamine, a diurea thickener obtained by reacting 2 mol of a monoisocyanate and 2 mol of a primary diamine or a tetraurea thickener obtained by reacting 2 mol of a diisocyanate and 2 mol of a primary monoamine plus 1 mol of a primary diamine, or a triurea-monourethane thickener obtained by reacting 2 mol of a diisocyanate and 1 mol of a primary monoamine plus 1 mol of a primary diamine and further 1 mol of a higher alcohol.
• a diurea or a tetraurea thickener is best. These may be used as one kind or in combinations of two or more kinds .
• isocyanates which constitute the raw material
• MDI 4, 4 ' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate
• TDI tolylene diisocyanate
• TODI 3,3'- dimethyl-4
• HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
• NDI naphthalene diisocyanate
• ODI octadecyl diisocyanate
• octylamine caprylamine
• iso- octylamine laurylamine
• myristylamine palmitylamine
• stearylamine iso-stearlyamine
• behenylamine oleylamine
• linoleylamine beef tallow amine
• coconut amine hydrogenated beef tallow amine
• soybean amine cyclohexylamine
• aniline p-chloroanaline
• phenethylamine o-toluidine
• m-toluidine p- toluidine and 2-naphthylamine
• diamines mention may be made of ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine (propylenediamine) , tetramethylenediamine (butylenediamine) , pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,7- diaminoheptane, 1 , 8-diaminooctane, 1 , 9-diaminononane, 1,10- diaminodecane, o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine and p- phenylenediamine, and as salts thereof mention may be made of N-cocoalkyl-1 , 2-ethylenediamine, N-beef tallow alkyl-1, 2- ethylenediamine, N-hardened beef tallow alkyl-1, 2- ethylenediamine, N-cocoalkyl-1 , 3-propylenediamine, N-beef tallow alkyl-1 , 3-propylene diamine, N
• lauryl alcohol cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, hexyldecanol , octyldodecanol and isostearyl alcohol.
• thickeners other than urea compounds also possible to use thickeners other than urea compounds (other thickeners) together with the aforementioned thickener (urea) in the grease composition of the present embodiment.
• these other thickeners mention may be made of tricalcium phosphate, alkali metal soaps, complex alkali metal soaps, alkaline earth metal soaps, complex alkaline earth metal soaps, alkali metal sulphonates, alkaline earth metal sulphonates, other metal soaps, metal terephthalate salts, monoureas, triurea-monourethanes , or polyureas other than diureas or tetraureas, or clays, silicas (silicon oxides) such as silica aerogels, and fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene . These may be used as one kind or in combinations of two or more kinds. It is also possible to use any other substances apart from these which can impart a thickening effect to the liquid matter
• the grease composition of the present embodiment has specified additives (first, second and third constituents) added to the grease containing the aforementioned thickener (urea) .
• first, second and third constituents added to the grease containing the aforementioned thickener (urea) .
• urea thickener
• the first additive constituent used in the present embodiment is an alkaline earth metal salicylate and/or an alkaline earth metal phenate.
• alkaline earth metal salicylates As examples first of alkaline earth metal salicylates, mention may be made of the alkali metal salicylates known as metallic detergents. Alkaline earth metal salts of
• alkylsalicylic acids are ideal.
• salts of magnesium and/or calcium as the alkaline earth metal are ideal, and calcium salts in particular are ideal.
• alkyl groups those of carbon number 4 to 30 are ideal, but 6 to 18 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups are even better.
• these may be straight-chain or branched and they may be primary alkyl groups, secondary alkyl groups or tertiary alkyl groups.
• alkaline earth metal phenates mention may be made of the alkali metal salicylates known as metallic detergents, and mention may be made of alkaline earth metal salts of alkylphenols , alkylphenol sulphides and alkylphenol Mannich reaction products, and especially the magnesium salts and/or calcium salts. Calcium salts in particular are ideal.
• the alkaline earth metal salicylate and/or alkaline earth phenate based metallic detergents are preferably metallic detergents having a total base number (BN) as stipulated in JIS K2501 (perchloric acid titration) of 5 to 600 mg KOH/g, but more preferably metallic detergents of 50 to 500 mg KOH/g, and still more preferably metallic
• the additive constituents of the metallic detergents may also contains salts of organic acids of one type or salts or organic acids of more than one type, and these may also be mixtures of neutral metallic detergents, overbased metallic detergents or both.
• the second additive constituent used in the present embodiment is a metal soap, specifically a stearic acid metal salt.
• a metal soap specifically a stearic acid metal salt.
• the non-aqueous stearic acid metal salt here, mention may be made of salts of alkali metals (for example, lithium) , alkaline earth metals (for example, magnesium, calcium or barium), aluminium and zinc. Special preference is given to the use of calcium and/or magnesium salts.
• Said constituent may be used as one kind or as a combination of a plurality of kinds. • Third constituent
• the third additive constituent used in the present embodiment is a calcium sulphonate and/or a zinc naphthenate.
• the calcium sulphonate first is an ordinary calcium sulphonate, and as examples mention may be made of calcium salts of petroleum sulphonic acids, calcium salts of
• alkylaromatic sulphonic acids overbased calcium salts of petroleum sulphonic acids and overbased calcium salts of alkyl aromatic sulphonic acids. Said constituents may be used singly or in mixtures.
• naphthenate and as examples mention may be made of complex mixtures of naphthenic acid derived from selected crude oil fractions, ordinarily by reacting those fractions with a sodium hydroxide solution and then acidifying and refining them.
• the molecular weight of the naphthenic acid before the reaction with the zinc compound is preferably in the range 150 to 500, but more preferably 180 to 330.
• additives such as freely chosen anti-oxidants , rust preventatives, oiliness agents, extreme pressure additives, anti-wear agents, solid lubricants, metal deactivators, polymers, non-metallic detergents, colourants and water repellents, the total amount of the freely chosen constituents, taking the total amount of the grease
• composition as 100 parts by mass, being approximately 0.1 to 20 parts by mass.
• anti-oxidants are 2,6-di-t- butyl-4-methylphenol , 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-para-cresol , ⁇ , ⁇ '- dioctyldiphenylamine, N-phenyl-CC-naphthylamine or
• phenothiazine examples include paraffin oxide, carboxylic acid metal salts, sulphonic acid metal salts, carboxylate esters, sulphonate esters, salicylate esters, succinate esters, sorbitan esters and various amine salts.
• oiliness agents and extreme pressure additives plus anti-wear agents include sulphurised zinc dialkyldithiophosphates , sulphurised zinc
• dialkyldithiophosphates molybdenum diaryldithiophosphates, sulphurised molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates, sulphurised molybdenum diaryldithiocarbamates, organomolybdenum
• triphenyl phosphorothionate triphenyl phosphorothionate, tricresyl phosphate, other phosphate esters and sulphurised oils and fats.
• solid lubricants include molybdenum disulphide, graphite, boron nitride, melamine cyanurate, PTFE
• polymers mention may be made of polybutenes, polyisobutenes , polyisobutylenes ,
• polyisopropenes and polymethacrylates examples include polyisopropenes and polymethacrylates .
• non- metallic detergents mention may be made of succinimides .
• the grease composition of the present embodiment ideally contains alkyl organic acids and/or alkyl organic acid esters.
• alkyl organic acids or alkyl organic acid esters mention may be made of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid (heptanoic acid) , capric acid, 2- ethylhexanoic acid, pelargonic acid, undecylic acid, lauric acid, linderic acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, tsuzuic acid, physetoleic acid, myristoleic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoylic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, petrosilinic acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, lin
• docosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid, tricosylic acid, lignoceric acid, nervonic acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid and/or ester compounds comprised of these.
• Grease composition (amounts of each constituent in the blend)
• the amount of base oil in the blend taking the total amount of the grease composition as 100 parts by mass, will be preferably 50 to 95 parts by mass, but more preferably 60 to 90 parts by mass and yet more preferably 70 to 85 parts by mass.
• the total amount of thickeners in the blend taking the total amount of the grease composition as 100 parts by mass, will be preferably 3 to 50 parts by mass, but more preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass and yet more preferably 7 to 30 parts by mass.
• the amount of the aforementioned urea compound in the blend taking the total amount of the grease composition as 100 parts by mass, is ideally 0.5 to 50 parts by mass. If the amount of the aforementioned urea in the blend is less than 0.5 parts by mass, it will become
• the incorporated amount of alkaline earth metal salicylate and/or alkaline earth metal phenate metallic detergent which is the first additive constituent, taking the total grease composition as 100 parts by mass, is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, but more preferably 0.3 to 7 parts by mass, and yet more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass. If the amount of metallic detergent is less than 0.1 part by mass, although this will not impact on the hardness of the grease (it will not cause it to soften) , it will not be possible sufficiently to disperse particles of water that have been mixed in the grease, and it may be difficult to maintain a stable lubricating film.
• the incorporated amount of metal soap being a non ⁇ aqueous stearic acid metal salt, which is the second additive constituent, taking the total grease composition as 100 parts by mass, is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, but more preferably 0.3 to 7 parts by mass, and yet more preferably
• the incorporated amount of calcium sulphonate and/or naphthenate, which is the third additive constituent, taking the total grease composition as 100 parts by mass, is
• the grease composition of the present embodiment will preferably have a penetration of No. 00 to No. 4 (175 to 430), but more preferably a
• the penetration expresses the visual hardness.
• the values used here for penetration are for worked penetration as measured in
• the dropping point refers to the temperature at which a viscous grease loses the structure of the thickener as the temperature goes on rising. Measurement of the dropping point here is done in accordance with JIS K 2220 8.
• the grease composition of the present embodiment will preferably have a post-test penetration of not more than 395, and the difference between before the test and after the test will be not more than 90, but more preferably the post-test penetration will be not more than 355 and the difference between before the test and after the test will be not more than 70. If the post-test penetration exceeds 395, grease will become prone to leak out from the lubrication points of bearings and the like, and it may become impossible to supply lubricating grease to rubbing or sliding parts.
• penetration at 25°C is measured. To obtain the test's before- and-after penetration, the value of the penetration before the test is subtracted from the penetration after the test.
• the lubrication life in a water-resistant lubrication life test of the grease composition of the present embodiment is preferably not less than 180 hours, but more preferably not less than 240 hours and yet more preferably not less than
• FIG. 1 shows the outline of the water-resistant lubrication life test apparatus. As shown in said drawing, the test apparatus is designed to evaluate the lubrication life of a bearing while water is injected into the grease. This procedure is an improved version of the water-rinse water-resistance test apparatus stipulated in JIS K 2220 5.12.
• circulating water is not sprayed (300 ml/min) into the bearing outer wheel guard (seal plate) of the test ball bearing as in the JIS, but distilled water is injected into the grease directly inside the housing, which means that it is possible to inject a more precise amount of water, which improves the reliability of the test and allows the lubrication life to be measured as accurately as possible.
• 5.0 g of sample grease is packed into the test bearing and the bearing is installed in the housing, after which 100 ml of distilled water heated to 40°C is injected into the housing each minute, whilst running at 3,000 rpm. The injected water is discharged to the outside via the inside of the test bearing.
• this is taken to be the time for the bearing to reach a high torque because of unsatisfactory lubrication by the supplied grease, for the brake mechanism to actuate when the electric current of the motor which drives the bearing has exceeded 200% of the current in stable operation, and for the drive motor to come to a stop.
• the weight of the bearing before and after the test is also taken and calculated as the amount of wear of the bearing.
• the grease composition of the present embodiment can of course be used in machinery, bearings and gears generally, but it can also exhibit superior performance in environments that are more severe for grease lubrication, for example in applications where there is the possibility of water ingress.
• it is ideal for use in the lubrication of water pumps, cooling fan motors, starters, alternators and various actuator parts in the engine area, propeller shafts, constant velocity joints (CVJ) , wheel bearings and clutches in the power train, and various other parts such as electric power steering (EPS) , electric powered windows, damping devices, ball joints, door hinges, handles and brake
• Base oil A Mixture, in the proportions of 80 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass, of a paraffinic mineral oil obtained by dewaxing and solvent refining and belonging to Group 1 of the API (American Petroleum Institute) classification (kinematic viscosity at 100°C 11.25 mm 2 /s, viscosity index 97) and a naphthenic mineral oil belonging to Group (kinematic
• Urea B Diurea thickener synthesised from 4,4'- diphenylmethane diisocyanate and octylamine plus oleylamine.
• Additive G Calcium 12-hydroxystearate (SC-12H, made by Sakai Chemical Industry Co. Ltd.) * Additive H: Calcium stearate (calcium stearate made by NOF Corp . )

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• Lubricants (AREA)

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• 2016
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