WO2017121044A1 - 一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统及配套施工方法 - Google Patents

一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统及配套施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017121044A1
WO2017121044A1 PCT/CN2016/078779 CN2016078779W WO2017121044A1 WO 2017121044 A1 WO2017121044 A1 WO 2017121044A1 CN 2016078779 W CN2016078779 W CN 2016078779W WO 2017121044 A1 WO2017121044 A1 WO 2017121044A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
track
damping
vibration
rail
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/078779
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨秀仁
薛恒鹤
陈鹏
曲村
吴建忠
Original Assignee
北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司
安徽兴宇轨道装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司, 安徽兴宇轨道装备有限公司 filed Critical 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP16884604.6A priority Critical patent/EP3404142B1/en
Priority to JP2018535883A priority patent/JP6961898B2/ja
Publication of WO2017121044A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017121044A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E01B1/004—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with prefabricated elements embedded in fresh concrete or asphalt
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/005—Making of concrete parts of the track in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/06—Height or lateral adjustment means or positioning means for slabs, sleepers or rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/10—Making longitudinal or transverse sleepers or slabs in situ or embedding them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of vibration reduction of rail transit, in particular to a prefabricated plate type vibration damping track structure system and a supporting construction method.
  • the construction period of urban rail transit is becoming more and more tense, and the construction process of the track structure is particularly close to the opening operation time.
  • the pressure on the construction period is particularly prominent.
  • the construction period of a subway line is often compressed for about 9 months. Up to 6 months or even shorter, the traditional track structure type determines the characteristics of many construction operations, manual operation, construction accuracy is not easy to control and construction progress is slow. In the case that the overall construction period and the track-laying period are compressed, the construction accuracy and the quality of the track-laying are seriously affected, resulting in poor line smoothness and comfort of the running vehicle, and frequent orbital diseases, and environmental vibration and noise problems are intensified. .
  • the traditional vibration-damping track structure adopts the construction method of tying steel bars and cast-in-place concrete on site.
  • the daily construction speed is 25m to 50m
  • the construction number needs 80 to 100 people
  • the amount of cast-in-place concrete is large, especially in the shield tunnel due to the working surface.
  • Narrow, large-scale manual operations lead to low construction accuracy, low work efficiency, high safety risks, and increased costs for design, construction, and maintenance.
  • the line disease of the cast-in-place vibration-damping track section occurs frequently, such as the easy cracking of the track bed.
  • the designer of the present invention has proposed a prefabricated plate type vibration damping track structure system and a supporting structure thereof through careful design and extensive experimental research. Rapid construction methods and construction equipment to overcome the shortcomings of the current vibration-damping track structure system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of prefabricated plate type vibration damping track structure system with adjustable vibration damping performance for rail transit.
  • the track structure system is suitable for various track vibration reduction requirements, adopts factory manufacturing, realizes highly automated special equipment laying, has the characteristics of fast construction speed, high track structure precision and good line smoothness, and can effectively overcome the existing track structure system. Problems with both vibration-damped and non-damped track structures.
  • the present invention discloses a novel prefabricated plate type vibration damping track structure system and supporting construction method.
  • the new prefabricated plate-type vibration-damping track structure system has adjustable vibration-damping performance and is suitable for manual or automated special equipment laying. It is supported by adjustable temporary vertical support devices (support legs), which in turn contain factory-prepared high precision.
  • the track plate is composited in a special way (can be compounded in the factory or composite on the construction site).
  • the elastic cushion on the surface of the track plate, the temporary vertical support device with adjustable support height, the post-casting track plate fixed pile and the lower part of the track plate Self-compacting concrete or other hard-working backfill materials with good fluidity.
  • the main construction process sequence of the new prefabricated plate vibration damping track is: production of prefabricated track plate structure at the factory or on site ⁇ composite damping cushion at the factory or in the field ⁇ high-precision positioning of the track plate with special paving equipment ⁇ using vertical support device Temporary fixing of the track plate ⁇ filling the concrete filling layer below the track plate once or several times.
  • the surface of the rail plate is in the form of a horizontal plane or a herringbone slope.
  • the section of the track plate is polygonal, and the sides of the circular tunnel are sloped to enhance the adaptability to the tunnel section.
  • the section of the track section of the rectangular and horseshoe tunnel section can be a rectangular section or the same side of the circular tunnel section. It is in the form of a slope.
  • the spacing of the steel bars in the board is arranged according to a certain modulus (such as 25mm, 50mm integral multiple) and shape, which realizes the automatic production of the steel mesh in the board.
  • the vertical support can be mounted close to the board or to the side of the board.
  • Pre-buried installation conditions for automatic measurement of the positioning mark It can be realized by pre-burying the casing in the plate or directly using a sleeve for mounting fasteners;
  • Pre-embedded parts for pre-embedded elastic cushion composite connection may be bolt sleeves, fixed ends of expansion bolts, simple expansion bolts or even wooden pre-buried piles, etc., and the composite of the prefabricated panels and the elastic mats may be realized by means of reserved slots or pre-buried channels;
  • the damping cushion layer is compounded on the bottom and side of the prefabricated track board to realize the integration of the board and the pad.
  • the main points are:
  • the damping cushion layer is made of elastic material, including vibration-damping film materials of different structures and configurations, polyurethane sheets and other similar materials with elasticity and vibration damping properties;
  • the damping cushion layer can be laid in three ways: full paving at the bottom of the track plate, strip laying and point laying.
  • the elastic cushion is a surface support
  • the lower surface of the rail plate is laid on the entire upper surface of the elastic cushion.
  • the elastic cushion layer comprises at least two parallel elastic support strips, and the lower surface of the rail plate is laid on the top surfaces of the two elastic support strips.
  • the elastic cushion is a point support
  • the plurality of spaced-apart rectangular, cylindrical, round or prismatic elastic cushion layers are arranged, and the lower surface of the rail plate is laid on the plurality of elastic point supports;
  • connection between the damping cushion and the track plate adopts a unique connection method that does not affect the performance of the damping pad
  • a special elastic sealing sleeve with a "cap” at the bottom is provided, and the bottom of the sealing sleeve is " The brim is effectively sealed to the underside of the damping pad.
  • the sealing sleeve also has an isolation track plate and a positioning fixed pile to avoid direct hard contact, and allows the track plate to be freely deformed without being constrained by the positioning pile, so as to achieve elastic positioning of the track plate and avoid stress concentration, Ensure that the track plate is elastic without loss effect;
  • the composite vibration-damping cushion layer at the bottom of the track plate is integrally formed with the plate end and the plate side, and the vibration-damping cushion layer is formed into a sleeve (package) type, and the bottom and the side of the vibration damping pad are integrated.
  • the main function of the side cushion is to realize the elastic isolation between the rail plate and the surrounding concrete to avoid the concrete pouring into the joint layer between the vibration damping pad and the track plate during construction, and to ensure that the track plate can be freely deformed up and down without being restrained, avoiding Vibration damping "short circuit" occurs.
  • the main function of the bottom cushion is to provide the elasticity of the track panel to achieve the vibration damping function of the track structure system;
  • sealing measures can be set to prevent dust, dirt or groundwater from entering the bonding layer during construction and operation.
  • the fine tuning trolley can adjust the multi-degree of freedom (longitudinal, lateral, rotary and elevation) of the track plate placed on it according to the adjustment command to complete the fine adjustment of the track plate.
  • the adjustment board control system directs the total station to automatically measure the measurement marks placed on the track board; according to the measurement results, calculate the position of the track board, the space attitude and the deviation from the design position; issue the adjustment board command to the fine tuning trolley Fine-tuning the trolley to complete the adjustment action and repeat the above procedure as needed until the track plate is in place.
  • the vertical support device of the track plate with adjustable height is used to support and fix the space plate of the finely adjusted track plate.
  • Each track plate is provided with a plurality of support points as needed, and the vertical support device may be disposed in the plate or on the side of the plate.
  • the vertical support unit is designed for detachable and reusable use. The vertical support device should ensure that the track plate is always absolutely stable, so that the positional accuracy of the track plate always meets the fine adjustment error requirements when filling the layer under the subsequent filling plate.
  • the vertical supporting device is taken out, and the movable ball head pad at the bottom is automatically separated from the supporting device and left in the concrete.
  • the portion of the support structure located in the concrete is in the form of a cone and is provided with a central vent.
  • the rails are used to transport the rails to the working surface, and the rails are unloaded to the installation points by the transporter.
  • the rails are manually moved into the rail-laying rails, and the gauge blocks, connecting bolts and spring bars are installed.
  • the prefabricated plate type vibration damper track structure system and the supporting construction method of the invention adopt the prefabricated track plate and the vibration damping cushion layer, so that the track structure system has the vibration damping function, and the rail transit can be well solved.
  • the hoisting, laying and precise positioning of the board are realized by the track-laying equipment such as the transporter, the hoisting cart and the fine-tuning trolley, which solves the problem of rapid and high-precision construction and the replacement of the track board and the elastic cushion in the later stage.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple construction process, fast construction speed, high construction precision, good track smoothness and low labor intensity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a prefabricated vibration-damping track structure system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of the face support of the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of the point support of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of the strip support of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the state in which the board of the present invention is adjusted in position and the board is fixed by the adjusting rod.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the transporter of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows the structure of the trolley of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the trolley with fine adjustment function of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fine tuning trolley of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated vibration-damping rail structure system which is a multi-layer design comprising a filling layer 1, an elastic cushion layer 4 and a rail plate 6 in order from bottom to top.
  • the filling layer 1 is the bottom layer, and the elastic cushion layer 4 is laid on the filling layer 1.
  • the filling layer is made of self-compacting concrete, thereby providing good fluidity during perfusion and providing good performance. Support effect.
  • the end of the elastic cushion layer 4 is a sealing material (polyamide)
  • a material such as an ester caulk is 15 to ensure that dust, debris, water, and the like do not enter the gap between the elastic underlayer 4 and the rail 6 or the elastic mat layer 4 and the packed bed 1.
  • the elastic cushion layer 4 is disposed on the filling layer 1 to provide elastic cushioning of the filling layer 1 to avoid rapid damage thereof.
  • the elastic cushion layer 4 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or polyurethane. Provides good vibration damping.
  • the rail plate 6 is disposed on the elastic cushion layer 4 for vibration damping.
  • the rail plate 6 is provided with two parallel rails 7 respectively, and the rails 7 are respectively fixed to the rail plate 6 by a plurality of fasteners 5.
  • the elastic cushion layer 4 may be in the form of a face support (see FIG. 2), a point support (see FIG. 3), and a strip support (see FIG. 4).
  • the lower surface of the track plate 6 is laid flat over the entire upper surface of the elastic pad layer 4, and the elastic pad layer 4 is integrally covered on the bottom of the track plate 6 and the side portions on both sides.
  • the elastic cushion layer 4 includes a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, round or prismatic elastic cushion layers 4, and the lower surface of the rail plate 6 is laid on the plurality of Above the elastic cushion.
  • the elastic cushion layer 4 comprises at least two parallel elastic support strips, and the lower surface of the rail plate 6 is laid on the top surfaces of the two elastic support strips.
  • the rail plate 6 has a symmetrical polygonal shape and a sloped structure on both sides to enhance the adaptability to the tunnel section.
  • the upper surface of the track plate 6 is a horizontal plane or has a slope, and the upper surface thereof may have a convex surface.
  • the surface of the boss is a horizontal plane or a slope.
  • the upper surface of the track plate 6 is provided with four lifting points for lifting and laying, the markings 14 for centering, the reserved holes 12 for fixing the adjusting plates, and the holes for mounting the prisms. It is also possible to pre-embed nylon sleeves in the board.
  • the two sides of the rail plate 6 can be provided with longitudinal connecting devices 10, so that the rail plates 6 are connected by the longitudinal connecting device 10, and the mutual displacement between the plates is better avoided, wherein the longitudinal connection
  • the device 10 can include a plurality of mounting holes in the rail plate 6 and a connecting strip secured to the mounting holes by bolts to provide a longitudinal connection between the two prefabricated panels.
  • two holes 2 are disposed in the middle of the track plate 6, and the holes 2 penetrate the track plate 6 and the elastic cushion layer 4, and after filling the filling layer through the holes 2, the limit piles of the plate are formed.
  • the sealing hole 3 is installed in the hole 2, and the sealing sleeve is a cylindrical structure made of an elastic material, which ensures that when the filling layer is concerned from the hole, the filling material is prevented from entering between the plate and the elastic cushion layer, resulting in The vibration is invalid. At the same time, a buffering effect is formed between the plate and the limit pile.
  • the track plate 6 is factory-produced, and the elastic cushion layer and the track plate are integrated into one in the factory (in an exceptional case, the elastic cushion layer can also be laid on the site), and after being transported to the site by the transport plate, the fine adjustment is adopted. After the platform truck is paved and fine-tuned, the adjustment rod 14 is used to fix the board, and the filling layer is filled and a seamless line is laid.
  • the two sides of the track plate 6 may be provided with a drainage ditch 8, and the lower part of the elastic pad layer 4 may be provided with a water ditch (the drainage ditch 8 may not be provided) or no ditch.
  • the composite method of the track-damping structure comprises:
  • Step 1 Prefabrication of the track board
  • the steel bar binding in the track plate and the concrete pouring of the track plate are completed, and the track plate is maintained after the prefabrication is completed, and the maintenance measures such as covering, water storage, film moisturizing, spraying or painting curing agent can be adopted.
  • the bottom surface, the inclined surface and the side surface of the track plate are covered with a vibration damping pad, and the vibration damping pad is integrally formed on the plate end, the lower plate and the plate side, thereby avoiding cutting and secondary connection.
  • the composite of the damping cushion and the track plate uses a unique composite method that does not affect the performance of the damping pad.
  • the supporting construction method of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Transportation of the track board
  • the track board is transported to the working place by a special transporter.
  • the track board is mounted on the transporter.
  • the transporter is designed with a self-locking device.
  • the self-locking device automatically fixes the track plate and automatically aligns the center of the track plate with the center of the vehicle floor. , to control the position of the track plate during transportation.
  • the transporter runs to the work surface, and the associated unloading mechanism automatically unloads the track panel to the work surface.
  • the tunnel inner transporter adopts a trackless transport mode.
  • the tunnel inner transporter includes a vehicle body 16 carrying a plurality of track panels and a plurality of running portions 18 at a lower end of the vehicle body, and is also provided at one end of the transport panel.
  • a belt conveyor 17 capable of lowering the track plate, and an automatic unloading mechanism 19, wherein the tunnel inner truck is also provided with a driver control room in front and rear, and the tunnel inner transport truck can also be based on the tunnel structure section.
  • the different adjustment of the running mechanism to adapt to the travel requirements of different structural forms planar foundation and curved foundation can be).
  • Step 2 lifting of the track board
  • the special trolley can hoist the track plate placed on the working surface and run on the circular shield wall in the tunnel. It can also be operated on a horizontal plane to adapt to various types of structural planes (ie, plane foundation and curved foundation). Can be).
  • the trolley is provided with a frame structure 20, a running mechanism 21 that can travel on a curved surface and a plane, controls the hoisting mechanism 22 on the upper and lower sides of the track, and also includes a control system 23, a hydraulic system 25, and positioning. System 24, etc.
  • Step 3 fine adjustment of the track board
  • the utility model mainly comprises: a frame structure 20 and a front and rear running gear 21 .
  • the frame structure 20 is provided with an adjustment cylinder 22 , and the adjustment cylinder 22 can include two longitudinal adjustment cylinders and two lateral adjustment cylinders, respectively.
  • the track plate is adjusted by an adjusting rod connected to the track plate, and the feedback data of the measuring device can be fed to the static trolley control system, and the adjusting plate can automatically complete the elevation of the track plate, the center line positioning and the ultra-high adjustment, so that the track board
  • the position reaches the precision of the fine adjustment requirement; the running mechanism 21 adopts the precision control system 23, and feeds back to the hydraulic system 25 through the measurement of the total station, and the positioning system 24 is measured by the total station to realize the precise positioning of the trolley and complete the track.
  • the fine tuning of the board After the fine adjustment is completed, the rail plate support frame 13 is installed on the track plate, and the position of the track plate is fixed to ensure that the position
  • the track plate is fine-tuned and positioned by the fine-tuning trolley.
  • the fine tuning trolley includes: a tractor 27, a fine adjustment frame 26, a rotating tray 29, vertical and horizontal guide rails 28 and 30, a height adjustment cylinder 31, and the like.
  • the automatic adjustment of the attitude of the track plate is realized by measuring the feedback data of the equipment to the static control trolley control system. After the core rotating tray 29 is rotated to make the axis of the track plate parallel to the center line of the line, the degree of freedom of rotation is locked.
  • the longitudinal position 28 and the lateral guide 30 are used to adjust the position of the moving disk in the line direction and perpendicular to the line direction, and the projection position (horizontal position) of the track plate on the moving disk is adjusted to the position.
  • the elevation of the track plate is adjusted by a vertical adjustment jack 31 provided on the moving mechanism.
  • the position of the track plate is adjusted to the precision required.
  • the rail plate support frame 13 is installed on the track plate, and the position of the track plate is fixed to ensure that the positional accuracy of the track plate always satisfies the error requirement when the lower layer is filled.
  • Step 2 Concrete infusion
  • Concrete infusion can be carried out after checking the composite condition of the damping pad and the track plate and the sealing condition around the damping pad.
  • the lower filling layer of the track plate is made of self-compacting concrete material.
  • the self-compacting concrete pouring adopts the method of on-site mixing.
  • the self-compacting concrete should be packed in bags. After being transported to the site, the mixing of the concrete is completed by mixing equipment. After the mixing is uniform, the self-contained conveying pipeline is used to infuse through the reserved pouring holes (and the limit bosses) in the track plate. .
  • a small vibrator in order to achieve smooth surface and increase compactness when self-compacting concrete is poured, a small vibrator can be inserted to assist the vibrating.
  • the concrete settles due to bubble overflow during the static stop, and the perfusion is replenished to the specified elevation before the concrete is initially set.
  • the filling layer can be poured into the position twice, the first time to the plate. 50mm above the bottom, after the concrete is finally set, it is further infused.
  • the installation of the buckle parts on the rail plate is carried out, and the buckle parts are transported to the working surface by the rail plate transporter, and the installation order is the rubber pad under the plate ⁇ the iron pad plate ⁇ the rubber pad under the rail.
  • Step 4 Rail laying
  • the rails are transported to the working surface by the rail-board transporter, and the rails are unloaded to the installation points by the transporter.
  • the rails are manually moved into the rail-laying rails, and the gauge blocks, connecting bolts and spring bars are installed. After the solder connection.
  • the structural form can better adapt to the size of the subway shield tunnel and greatly reduce the impact of civil construction errors on the track laying.
  • the prefabricated plate structure is adopted to improve the laying schedule and construction quality, enhance the reliability of the track structure system, and the appearance is more beautiful.
  • the prefabricated board and the elastic cushion factory are combined to realize the protection of the board during lifting and upper load bearing, and the construction progress is improved by eliminating the link of laying the elastic pad on site.
  • the board adopts various measures such as reserved lifting points, alignment mark, adjusting rod mounting hole, measuring prism mounting hole, etc., which realizes the rapid and accurate construction of the track plate and improves the replacement of the vibration-damping track structure system. Sex.
  • the paving construction is carried out by using the self-developed fine tuning trolley system.
  • the construction process is simple, the construction progress is greatly accelerated, the laying precision is high, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced.
  • the supporting construction method of the plate type track damper structure machine of the invention can be used in the field of rail transit, and the vibration damping performance can be designed according to the requirements, and the construction process is simple, the construction speed is fast, the construction precision is high, and the track smoothness is adopted. Good, low labor intensity, etc., in line with the current rail transit environmental protection, high efficiency and disease reduction direction, social benefits, it can effectively reduce the vibration and secondary structure noise caused by urban rail transit vehicles.

Abstract

一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统，该系统由钢轨（7）、扣件（5）、预制板（6）、弹性垫层（4）、密封套（3）、纵向连接装置（10）、填充层（1）等组成。弹性垫层（4）与预制板（6）可在工厂内复合成一体。还公开了该系统的配套施工工法。预制轨道板的铺设采用了运板车、吊运车、精调台车等铺装设备，具有施工工序简单、施工速度快、施工精度高、轨道平顺性好、劳动强度低的特点，并解决了运营后轨道板、弹性垫层更换的便利性问题。

Description

一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统及配套施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道交通的减振领域，尤其涉及一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统和配套施工方法。
背景技术
随着城市轨道交通的大规模网络化发展，城市轨道交通建设工期日趋紧张，轨道结构施工工序因更加临近开通运营时间，工期压力尤其突出，一般一条地铁线9个月左右的铺轨工期常被压缩至6个月甚至更短，传统的轨道结构型式决定了其施工作业环节多、以人工作业为主、施工精度不易控制和施工进度缓慢等特点。在整体施工工期和铺轨工期被压缩的情况下，严重影响了施工精度和铺轨质量，导致投入运营的线路平顺性和运行车辆的舒适性变差，且轨道病害频发，环境振动和噪声问题加剧。
传统减振轨道结构采用现场绑扎钢筋、现浇混凝土的施工方法，一般每天的施工速度为25m至50m，施工人数需80到100人，现浇混凝土量大，尤其是盾构隧道内由于作业面狭窄、且大量的人工作业环节导致施工精度不高、工作效率低下，且安全风险较高，设计、施工和养护维修的成本也随之增加。此外，现浇减振轨道地段的线路病害时有发生，如道床容易开裂等。
为此，本发明的设计者鉴于上述缺陷，经过潜心设计和大量的试验研究，提出了一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统，及与该构造配套的 快速施工方法及施工装备，以克服目前减振轨道结构系统存在的诸多缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种轨道交通用新型预制板式、减振性能可调的减振轨道结构系统。该轨道结构系统适用于各种轨道减振需求，采用工厂化制造，实现高度自动化专用设备铺设，具有施工速度快、轨道结构精度高、线路平顺性好等特点，能有效克服现有轨道结构系统(包括减振和非减振轨道结构)存在的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种新型预制板式减振轨道结构系统及配套施工工法。
新型预制板式减振轨道结构系统的减振性能可调，适用于人工或自动化专用设备铺设，采用可调的临时竖向支撑装置(支撑腿)支撑，该轨道结构系统依次包含工厂预制的高精度轨道板、以特殊方式复合(可厂内复合或施工现场复合)在轨道板表面的弹性垫层、可调整支撑高度的临时竖向支撑装置、后浇式轨道板固定桩及轨道板下部现浇的自密实混凝土或其他等流动性较好的结硬性回填材料。新型预制板式减振轨道主要的施工工艺顺序是：在工厂或现场生产预制轨道板结构→在工厂或现场复合减振垫层→采用专用铺板装备对轨道板进行高精度定位→利用竖向支撑装置对轨道板进行临时固定→一次或分几次灌注轨道板下方的混凝土填充层。
1、新型预制板式减振轨道结构系统的征在于：
1)在工厂或现场采用高精度模具预制高精度的钢筋混凝土轨道 板。
2)轨道板上表面为水平面或人字斜坡面形式。轨道板断面为多边形，圆形隧道地段两侧为斜坡面结构，以增强对隧道断面的适应性，矩形、马蹄形隧道断面地段轨道板断面可为矩形断面，也可与圆形隧道断面一样两侧为斜坡面形式。
3)轨道板表面设置专用承轨凸台，凸台上安装连接钢轨用的扣件。
4)板内钢筋间距按一定模数(如25mm、50mm整数倍)及形状布置，实现了板内钢筋网的自动化生产。
5)轨道板上为满足特殊施工和使用需要预留相应的孔洞和预埋部件，主要包括以下方面(可根据具体需求选择性采用)：
(1)安装钢轨扣件的预埋件(尼龙套管等)；
(2)贯穿轨道板厚度方向的1-3个孔洞(用于板下填充层的浇筑、固定桩的位置预留、板下填充层浇筑情况的观察等)；
(3)为安装临时定位竖向支撑装置预留安装条件。竖向支撑装置可安装在靠近板中或者板侧面的位置。
(4)为自动测量定位标志预埋安装条件。通过在板内预埋套管或直接利用安装扣件用套管等方式实现；
(5)为轨道板铺设定位用的对中标记；
(6)预埋弹性垫层复合连接用的预埋件。连接预埋预埋件可以是螺栓套筒、膨胀螺栓固定端、简易胀栓甚至木质预埋桩等，也可通过预留槽或预埋槽道等方式实现预制板与弹性垫的复合；
(7)预埋起吊用的3-4个专用吊钉；
(8)预留轨道板纵向连接用的预埋件；
(9)预埋安装接触轨用的预埋部件(必要时)等。
2、在工厂内或施工现场将减振垫层复合在预制轨道板底部及侧面，实现板、垫一体。其要点为：
1)减振垫层采用弹性材料，包括不同结构和构造型式的减振胶片材、聚氨酯类片材和其它类似具有弹性和减振性能的材料；
2)为满足不同减振等级的需要，减振垫层可采用在轨道板底部满铺铺设、条状铺设和点状铺设等三种铺设方法。弹性垫层为面支撑时，轨道板的下表面平铺于弹性垫层的整个上表面上。弹性垫层为条带支撑时，弹性垫层包含至少两条并行的弹性支撑条，所述轨道板的下表面铺设于两条弹性支撑条顶面上。弹性垫层为点支撑时，包含多个间隔排列的长方体、圆柱、圆台或棱台型弹性垫层，所述轨道板的下表面铺设于所述多个弹性点支撑之上；
3)减振垫层与轨道板的连接采用特有的不影响减振垫性能发挥的连接方法；
4)为防止底部的填充混凝土灌入垫层缝隙导致减振垫弹性损失甚至失效，在轨道板开孔部位，设置专用的底部带有“帽檐”的弹性密封套筒，密封套筒底部的“帽檐”与减振垫底面进行有效的密封连接。密封套筒还具有隔离轨道板与定位固定桩，避免直接进行硬接触，并允许轨道板上下自由变形而不受定位桩约束的作用，以达到即实现轨道板的弹性定位，避免应力集中，又确保轨道板弹性不发生损失的 作用；
5)轨道板底部复合减振垫层与板端、板侧一体成型，所述减振垫层成型后为套靴(包套)的型式，减振垫的底部与侧边为一个整体。侧面垫层的主要功能是实现轨道板与周边混凝土的弹性隔离，以避免施工时混凝土灌入减振垫与轨道板之间的结合层，并保证轨道板可上下自由变形而不受约束，避免减振“短路”的情况出现。底部垫层的主要功能是提供轨道板弹性，实现轨道结构系统的减振功能；
6)根据需要，在弹性垫层外露的部位，可设置密封措施，以防止施工、运营过程中粉尘、污物或地下水进入结合层。
3、在工厂内或施工现场将减振垫层复合在预制轨道板上后，将板运至铺轨现场，主要的施工工序如下：
1)运板车(带吊板、卸板功能)将板运至现场；
2)将轨道板放置到精调台车上。
3)精调台车可根据调板指令将放置于其上的轨道板进行多自由度(纵向、横向、旋转及高程等)的调整，完成轨道板精调定位。包括：调板控制系统指挥全站仪对置于轨道板上的测量标志进行自动测量；根据测量结果计算轨道板的位置、空间姿态及与设计位置的偏差；向精调台车发出调板指令；精调台车完成调整动作，并根据需要重复上述程序，直至轨道板调整到位。
3)利用可调高度的轨道板专用竖向支撑装置，将精调到位的轨道板空间形位支撑、固定住。每块轨道板根据需要设置若干个支撑点，竖向支撑装置可设在板中，也可设置在板侧面。为适应底部隧道结构 可能存在的结构坡面，竖向支撑装置底部设置了可自主适应坡面角度的万向可调活动球头垫板。竖向支撑装置采用可拆卸和重复利用设计。竖向支撑装置应能确保轨道板始终保持绝对稳定，以便轨道板位置精度在后续灌注板下填充层时始终满足精调的误差要求。
4)灌注板下混凝土填充层。通过轨道板中预留的灌注孔进行灌注。为避免填充层灌注过程中因轨道板上浮后影响轨道板精度，填充层灌注可分2～3次灌注到位。
5)填充层灌注并达到一定强度时，取出竖向支撑装置，其底部的活动球头垫板自动与支撑装置脱离并留在混凝土中。为了确保支撑装置能够顺利拆除，支撑体结构位于混凝土中的部分采用圆锥体形式，并设有中心排气孔。
6)扣件的安装。填充层达到一定强度后，进行轨道板上部扣配件的安装，采用轨道板运输车将扣配件运输至作业面，安装顺序为板下弹性垫板→铁垫板→轨下弹性垫板。
7)钢轨的安装。采用轨道运输车将钢轨至作业面，并通过运输车将钢轨卸至安装点散布开，通过人工方式将钢轨拨至铁垫板承轨槽内，并安装轨距块、连接螺栓及弹条。
根据上述结构及配套施工工法，本发明的预制板式减振轨道结构系统及配套施工方法通过采用预制轨道板、减振垫层，使得轨道结构系统具有了减振功能，能够很好地解决轨道交通带来的振动问题，通过在板内预留吊装、板垫复合、轨道板测量、轨道板下填充层灌注、板的铺设定位、板的固定等多种功能用途的预埋件或安装条件，并采 用运板车、吊板车及精调台车等铺轨装备，实现了板的吊装、铺设及精确定位，很好的解决了快速、高精度施工及后期的轨道板、弹性垫层更换问题。具有施工工序简单、施工速度快、施工精度高、轨道平顺性好、劳动强度低等特点。
本发明的详细内容可通过后述的说明及所附图而得到。
附图说明
图1显示了本发明的预制减振轨道结构系统的结构示意图
图2显示了本发明面支撑的俯视图
图3显示了本发明点支撑的俯视图
图4显示了本发明条带支撑的俯视图
图5显示了本发明板调整到位后通过调整杆固定板时的示意图
图6显示了本发明运板车的结构示意图
图7显示了本发明吊运车的结构示意图
图8显示了本发明具有精调功能的吊运车结构示意图
图9显示了本发明精调台车的结构示意图
具体实施方式
参见图1，本发明涉及一种预制减振轨道结构系统，所述预制减振轨道结构系统为多层设计，从下至上依次包含填充层1、弹性垫层4和轨道板6。
其中，填充层1为最底层，弹性垫层4铺设于填充层1上，优选的是，该填充层由自密实混凝土制成，从而在灌注时提供很好的流动性，并能提供很好的支撑效果。弹性垫层4的端部为密封材料(聚氨 酯填缝胶等材料)15，以确保粉尘、杂物、水等不进入弹性垫层4与轨道6或弹性垫层4与填充层1之间的间隙。
该弹性垫层4设置于填充层1上，以提供填充层1的弹性缓冲，避免其的快速损坏，可选的是，所述该弹性垫层4采用橡胶或聚氨酯等弹性材料制成，可提供很好的减振效果。
该轨道板6设置于弹性垫层4上以进行减振，所述轨道板6上设有并行的两条钢轨7，各钢轨7分别通过多个扣件5固定于该轨道板6上。
可选的是，所述弹性垫层4可为面支撑(参见图2)、点支撑(参见图3)和条带支撑(参见图4)三种方式。
在图2所示的面支撑中，轨道板6的下表面平铺于弹性垫层4的整个上表面，所述弹性垫层4整体包覆于轨道板6的底部以及两侧的侧部。
在图3所示的点支撑中，所述弹性垫层4包含多个间隔排列的长方体、圆柱、圆台或棱台型弹性垫层4，所述轨道板6的下表面铺设于所述多个弹性垫层之上。
在图4所示的条带支撑中，所述弹性垫层4包含至少两条并行的弹性支撑条，所述轨道板6的下表面铺设于两条弹性支撑条的顶面上。
可选的是，所述轨道板6断面为对称设置的多边形，其两侧为斜面结构，以增强对隧道断面的适应性。
所述轨道板6上表面为水平面或带有斜坡，其上表面上可有凸 台，凸台表面为水平面或者斜面。
轨道板6的上表面预留有4个吊装、铺设用的起吊点11，对中用的标记14，固定调整板用的预留孔12，安装棱镜用孔可利用安装扣件用尼龙套管，也可在板内专门预埋尼龙套管。
其中，所述轨道板6的两侧可设有纵向连接装置10，从而通过纵向连接装置10将轨道板6之间进行连接，更好的避免板间的相互错动，其中，所述纵向连接装置10可包含轨道板6上的多个安装孔以及通过螺栓固定于安装孔内的连接条，从而将两块预制板之间采用纵向连接方式。
其中，所述轨道板6的中部设置两个孔洞2，所述孔洞2穿透轨道板6和弹性垫层4，通过孔洞2灌注填充层后，形成板的限位桩。
其中，所述孔洞2内安装有密封套3，所述密封套为弹性材料制成的圆筒结构，确保从孔洞内关注填充层时，避免填充材料进入板和弹性垫层之间，导致减振失效。同时在板与限位桩之间形成缓冲作用。
其中，所述轨道板6采用工厂化生产，弹性垫层与轨道板在工厂内复合成一体(特殊情况下弹性垫层也可在现场铺设)，利用运板车运至现场后，通过精调平台车铺板、精调后，采用调整杆14固定板后，灌注填充层并铺设无缝线路。
其中，所述轨道板6的两侧设置可设有排水沟8，弹性垫层4下部可设置水沟(此时排水沟8可不设)或不设置水沟。
为提供本发明的预制板减振轨道结构系统，在预制时应进行有效的复合，其中，所述轨道减振结构的复合方法包含：
步骤一：轨道板预制
在工厂内完成轨道板内钢筋绑扎、轨道板混凝土浇筑，并在预制完成后进行轨道板养生，可采用覆盖、蓄水、薄膜保湿、喷涂或涂刷养护剂等养护措施。
步骤二：板垫复合
轨道板养生完毕后，将轨道板的底面、斜面和侧面包覆减振垫，且该减振垫为板端、板下、板侧一体成型，避免裁切和二次联接。减振垫层与轨道板的复合采用特有的不影响减振垫性能发挥的复合方法。
本发明的配套施工工法主要包含如下步骤：
步骤一：轨道板的运输
使用专用的运板车将轨道板运输至作业地点，轨道板吊装在运板车上，运板车设计有自锁装置，自锁装置自动固定轨道板并将轨道板中心与车辆底板中心自动对齐，控制运输过程中轨道板的位置。运板车运行至作业面，与其相联的卸板机构自动将轨道板卸至工作面。隧道内运板车采用无轨运输方式，参见图6，所述隧道内运板车包含承载多块轨道板的车体16以及位于车体下端的多个走行部18，在运板的一端还设有可将轨道板放下的皮带式输送机17，自动卸板机构19，其中，所述隧道内运板车还在前后均设有司机控制室，同时隧道内运板车还可根据隧道结构断面的不同调整走行机构，以适应不同结构形式的走行需求(平面基础及曲面基础均可)。
步骤二、轨道板的吊运
专用吊运车可将放置在作业面上轨道板吊起，并在隧道内圆形盾构壁上运行，也能在水平面上运行，以适应各种不同类型的结构面(即平面基础及曲面基础均可)。参见图7、图8，吊运车设有车架结构20，可在曲面和平面上行走的走行机构21，控制轨道板上下的起升机构22，还包含控制系统23、液压系统25、定位系统24等。
步骤三、轨道板的精调
轨道板的精调可采用两种方案，分别是：
1、方案1
在专用吊运车上设计精调机构和精确控制系统。参见图8，主要包含：车架结构20和前后走行机构21，所述车架结构20上设有调节油缸22，所述调节油缸22可包含两个纵向调节油缸和两个横向调节油缸，分别通过连接至轨道板的调节杆对轨道板进行调节，并可通过测量设备反馈数据给静态台车控制系统，调板车可自动完成轨道板的高程，中线定位及超高的调整，使轨道板位置达到精调要求的精度；所述走行机构21采用精密控制系统23，通过全站仪的测量反馈到液压系统25，通过全站仪测量定位系统24，实现吊运车的精确定位，完成轨道板的精调。精调完成后，在轨道板上安装轨道板支撑架13，固定轨道板位置，确保轨道板在后续浇筑下部填充层1时位置精度始终满足误差要求。
2、方案2
专用吊运车将轨道板卸至研发的精调台车上后，通过精调台车对轨道板进行精调定位。
参见图9。所属精调台车主要包含：牵引车27、精调小车架26、旋转托盘29、纵横导向轨28和30、高度调整油缸31等。通过测量设备反馈数据给静调台车控制系统，实现轨道板姿态的自动调整。利用核心旋转托盘29旋转使轨道板的轴线与线路中心线平行后，锁定旋转自由度。利用纵向28和横向导轨30调整移动盘沿线路方向和垂直于线路方向的位置，将移动盘上轨道板的投影位置(水平位置)调整到位。利用设于移动机构之上的竖向调整千斤顶31调整轨道板高程。最终使得轨道板位置达到精调要求的精度。精调完成后，在轨道板上安装轨道板支撑架13，固定轨道板位置，确保轨道板在后续浇筑下部填充层1时位置精度始终满足误差要求。
步骤二：混凝土灌注
检查减振垫和轨道板复合情况及减振垫四周密封状况后可进行混凝土灌注。轨道板下部填充层采用自密实混凝土材料。
所述自密实混凝土浇筑采用现场拌合的方式。自密实混凝土应为袋装，运输至现场后，采用搅拌设备完成混凝土的拌合，拌合均匀后采用自带的输送管道通过轨道板中预留的灌注孔(兼限位凸台)进行灌注。
其中，自密实混凝土灌注时为达到表面光洁及增加密实度，可插入小型振动器辅助振捣。
灌注后，静停过程中因气泡溢出导致混凝土沉降，在混凝土初凝前补充灌注至所规定的标高。为避免填充层灌注过程中因轨道板上浮后影响轨道板精度，填充层灌注可分2次灌注到位，第1次灌注至板 底以上50mm,待混凝土终凝后在进一步灌注。
步骤三：扣配件铺设
自密实混凝土达到一定强度后，进行轨道板上部扣配件的安装，采用轨道板运输车将扣配件运输至作业面，安装顺序为板下橡胶垫板→铁垫板→轨下橡胶垫板。
步骤四：钢轨铺设
采用轨道板运输车将钢轨至作业面，并通过运输车将钢轨卸至安装点散布开，通过人工方式将钢轨拨至铁垫板承轨槽内，并安装轨距块、连接螺栓及弹条后进行焊接连接。
本发明具有如下优点：
1、结构形式可更好的适应地铁盾构隧道的尺寸，大幅降低土建误差对轨道铺设的影响。
2、采用预制板结构，提高了铺设进度及施工质量，增强了轨道结构系统的可靠性，且外观更为美观。
3、采用预制板及弹性垫层工厂复合的方式，可实现吊运、上部承重时对板的保护，且因取消了现场铺设弹性垫的环节，提高了施工进度。
4、板上采用了预留起吊点，对中标记、调整杆安装孔、测量棱镜安装孔等多种措施，实现了轨道板的快速、精确施工，且提高了减振轨道结构系统的可更换性。
5、采用自密实混凝土灌注，增强混凝土的流动性，确保轨道板下混凝土的密实度。
6、实现了限位装置和底部混凝土的一次成型。
7、采用自行研制的精调台车系统进行铺板施工，施工工序简单，施工进度大幅加快，铺设精度高，劳动强度大幅降低。
由此，本发明的板式轨道减振结构机配套施工工法可用于轨道交通领域，不仅减振性能可根据需求进行针对性设计，且具有施工工序简单、施工速度快、施工精度高、轨道平顺性好、劳动强度低等特点，符合当前轨道交通环保、高效及减少病害的方向、社会效益巨大，其能有效降低城市轨道交通车辆运行产生的振动及二次结构噪声问题。
显而易见的是，以上的描述和记载仅仅是举例而不是为了限制本发明的公开内容、应用或使用。虽然已经在实施例中描述过并且在附图中描述了实施例，但本发明不限制由附图示例和在实施例中描述的作为目前认为的最佳模式以实施本发明教导的特定例子，本发明的范围将包括落入前面的说明书和所附的权利要求的任何实施例。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种预制板式减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：
    所述预制减振轨道结构系统从下至上依次包含填充层、弹性垫层和轨道板，弹性垫层铺设于填充层上，该填充层由自密实混凝土等流动性较好的混凝土材料制成，从而在灌注时提供很好的流动性，并能提供很好的支撑效果，弹性垫层与预制板复合成一体，该轨道板设置于弹性垫层上以进行减振，所述轨道板上设有并行的两条钢轨，各钢轨分别通过多个扣件固定于该轨道板上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：所述弹性垫层为面支撑或点支撑或条带支撑，在面支撑中，轨道板的下表面平铺于弹性垫层的整个上表面，在点支撑中，所述弹性垫层包含多个间隔排列的长方体、圆柱、圆台或棱台型弹性垫层，所述轨道板的下表面铺设于所述多个弹性垫层之上，在条带支撑中，所述弹性垫层包含至少两条并行的弹性支撑条，所述轨道板的下表面铺设于两条弹性支撑条的顶面上。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板上表面为水平面或人字斜坡面，轨道板断面为多边形，圆形隧道地段两侧为斜面结构以增强对隧道断面的适应性。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板上有贯穿轨道板厚度方向的1-3个孔洞以用于板下填充层的浇筑、固定桩的位置预留、板下填充层浇筑情况的观察。
  5. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板设有安装临时定位的支撑腿的预留安装结构，所述支撑腿通过在板 内或板侧面的安装套筒装置和支撑腿上自带螺纹通过与套筒内的螺纹咬合固定及调整。
  6. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板上有自动测量定位标志预埋结构，所述标志预埋结构包含板内的预埋套管或安装扣件用套管。
  7. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板上有为铺板定位设置的对中标记。
  8. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板上有预埋起吊用的3-4个专用吊钉。
  9. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板端部设置纵向连接用的预埋件。
  10. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板安装接触轨用的预埋部件。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：板内钢筋间距按一定模数布置，便于钢筋网的自动化生产。
  12. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：弹性垫层设有复合连接用的预埋件，预埋件是螺栓套筒、膨胀螺栓固定端、简易胀栓或木质预埋桩，还能通过预留槽或预埋槽道等方式实现预制板与弹性垫的复合。
  13. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：减振垫层与轨道板的连接采用特有的不影响减振垫性能发挥的连接方法。
  14. 如权利要求1中所述的减振轨道结构系统，其特征在于：轨道板底部复合减振垫层与侧面垫层可采用分离或一体化、不等刚度设计。
  15. 如权利要求1-14中任一所述的预制板式减振轨道结构系统的配套施工工法，包含如下步骤：
    步骤一：轨道板的运输及铺设；
    步骤二：混凝土灌注；
    清理隧道基础积水，并且检查减振垫和轨道板复合情况及减振垫四周密封状况后可进行混凝土施工；轨道板下部混凝土采用自密实混凝土等流动性好的混凝土材料；
    步骤三：混凝土养生；
    步骤四：扣配件铺设；
    步骤五：钢轨铺设。
  16. 如权利要求6所述的配套施工工法，其特征在于步骤一中包含：
    1)运板车将板运至现场，运板车还可根据隧道结构断面的不同调整走行机构，以适应不同结构形式的走行需求；
    2)专用吊运车将放置在作业面上轨道板吊起，并在隧道内圆形盾构壁上运行，也能在水平面上运行，以适应各种不同类型的结构面；
    3)轨道板的精调有两种方式，即在专用的精调台车或带精调功能的吊运车上进行，根据调板指令将放置于其上的轨道板进行多自由度(纵向、横向、旋转及高程等)的调整，完成轨道板精调定位，包 括：调板控制系统指挥全站仪对置于轨道板上的测量标志进行自动测量；根据测量结果计算轨道板的位置、空间姿态及与设计位置的偏差；向精调机构发出调板指令；精调机构完成调整动作，并根据需要重复上述程序，直至轨道板调整到位；
    4)精调完成后，采用可调的支撑腿固定精调后的预制板，支撑腿可安装在靠近板中或者板侧面的位置，支撑腿应能确保轨道板始终保持绝对稳定，以便轨道板位置精度在后续灌注板下填充层时始终满足精调的误差要求。
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