WO2017118174A1 - 用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用 - Google Patents

用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2017118174A1
WO2017118174A1 PCT/CN2016/103660 CN2016103660W WO2017118174A1 WO 2017118174 A1 WO2017118174 A1 WO 2017118174A1 CN 2016103660 W CN2016103660 W CN 2016103660W WO 2017118174 A1 WO2017118174 A1 WO 2017118174A1
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organic
organic functional
functional compound
printing
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French (fr)
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潘君友
杨曦
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广州华睿光电材料有限公司
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Priority to CN201680059914.2A priority Critical patent/CN108349890B/zh
Publication of WO2017118174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017118174A1/zh
Priority to US16/028,051 priority patent/US20190006609A1/en

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of organic electronic devices, and more particularly to an organic functional compound for preparing an organic electronic device and its use.
  • OLEDs Organic light-emitting diodes
  • the light emitting device In order to improve the luminous efficiency of the organic light emitting diode, the light emitting device generally adopts a multi-layered device structure to realize separation of functions such as charge injection, transmission, and composite light emission, thereby improving the luminous efficiency and lifetime of the device.
  • the method for realizing a multilayer photovoltaic device mainly focuses on a layer-by-layer vacuum evaporation method.
  • the vacuum evaporation process is expensive and requires a high degree of processing, such as a very precise shadow mask, which limits the use of organic light-emitting diodes as large-area, low-cost displays and lighting devices.
  • solution processing processes such as inkjet printing and roll-to-roll do not require precision shadow masks, room temperature processes, high material utilization, and very good scalability.
  • the outstanding advantages have become a very promising technology for the preparation of organic optoelectronic devices, especially organic light emitting diode displays.
  • suitable printing inks and materials are the key.
  • the ⁇ -conjugated polymer has the characteristics of good solubility and good film formation, and has become a research hotspot of solution processing organic photoelectric devices in recent years.
  • the problems of molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, molecular configuration and purity of different high polymer polymers result in poor repeatability of materials and corresponding devices.
  • the performance of organic light-emitting diodes based on high polymers is still lower than that of vapor-degraded small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes.
  • organic small molecular materials Compared with high polymers, organic small molecular materials have a clearer molecular structure, mature purification process and better device performance, and are more promising for the wide application of organic light-emitting diodes in display and illumination.
  • the lower molecular weight and the rigid aromatic molecular structure make the solubility and film forming property of the small molecular material poor, and in particular, it is difficult to form a void-free amorphous film having a regular morphology.
  • the solubility of certain compounds can be improved by modifying the molecular structure, the performance and life of the obtained electronic device are inferior to those obtained by vacuum evaporation.
  • high performance small molecule organic light emitting diodes are still prepared by vacuum evaporation.
  • F is an organic functional structural unit
  • SG is a solubilizing structural unit
  • k is an integer of 1-10; when k is greater than 1, a plurality of SGs are the same or different;
  • X is N or CR 1 , and adjacent X is not N at the same time, X of the position connected to Ar 1 and Ar 2 is C; and R 1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of H, D, having 1 a linear alkyl group of 20 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a thioalkoxy group, a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a thioalkoxy group, a monosilane a substituted keto group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a halogenated group Acyl, formyl, isocyano, isocyanate group, thiocyanate group, isothiocyanate group, hydroxyl group, nitro group, CF 3 ,
  • the organic functional compound has a molecular weight of at least 600 g/mol. It is preferably at least 800 g/mol. More preferably, it is at least 1000 g/mol.
  • the organic functional structural unit F is one selected from the group consisting of a hole injecting material, a hole transporting material, a hole blocking material, an electron injecting material, an electron transporting material, Electron barrier materials, organic matrix materials, singlet emitters, triplet emitters, thermally excited delayed fluorescent materials, and organic dyes.
  • solubilizing structural unit SG is selected from one of the groups represented by the following structural formula:
  • Ar 3 is selected from an aryl or heteroaryl group.
  • solubilizing structural unit SG is selected from one of the groups represented by the following structural formula:
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from at least one of the group consisting of H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a thioalkoxy group. a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl group, a substituted ketone group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, having 2 to 20 Alkoxycarbonyl group of a carbon atom, aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, cyano group, carbamoyl group, haloformyl group, formyl group, isocyano group, isocyanate group, thiocyanate group, Isothiocyanate groups, hydroxy, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, crosslinkable groups, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40 ring atoms
  • n and o are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.
  • the total amount of SP 3 hybridized groups in the organic functional compound does not exceed 30%, preferably not more than 20%, further preferably not more than 10% of the total molecular weight.
  • the organic functional compound has a glass transition temperature of not less than 100 ° C, preferably not less than 120 ° C, more preferably not less than 140 ° C, further preferably not less than 160 ° C.
  • the weight ratio of the organic functional structural unit F to the solubilizing structural unit SG is (2:1)-(1:20).
  • composition for preparing an organic electronic device comprising an organic solvent and an organic functional compound as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the organic functional compound is a host material.
  • the composition further comprises an illuminant material.
  • the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic or heteroaromatic, ester, aromatic or aromatic ethers, aliphatic or aliphatic ethers, alicyclic or olefinic compounds, and inorganic esters. At least one of the compounds.
  • the viscosity of the composition ranges from 1 cPs to 100 cPs at 25 ° C; and/or the surface tension of the composition ranges from 19 dyne/cm to 50 dyne/cm at 25 ° C .
  • a mixture for preparing an organic electronic device comprising the organic functional compound according to any of the above embodiments and another organic functional material selected from the group consisting of hole injection materials (HIM), Hole transport material (HTM), hole blocking material (HBM), electron injecting material (EIM), electron transport material (ETM), electron blocking material (EBM), organic matrix material (also known as host material, ie Host), single One of a heavy illuminant (ie, a fluorescent illuminant), a triplet illuminant (ie, a phosphorescent illuminant), and an organic dye.
  • HIM hole injection materials
  • HTM Hole transport material
  • HBM hole blocking material
  • EIM electron injecting material
  • ETM electron transport material
  • EBM electron blocking material
  • organic matrix material also known as host material, ie Host
  • single One of a heavy illuminant ie, a fluorescent illuminant
  • a triplet illuminant ie, a
  • An organic electronic device comprising the organic functional compound of any of the above embodiments, the composition of any of the above embodiments, or the mixture.
  • the organic electronic device is an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an organic photovoltaic cell (OPV), an organic light emitting cell (OLEEC), an organic field effect transistor (OFET), an organic light emitting field effect transistor, an organic laser.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • OCV organic photovoltaic cell
  • OEEC organic light emitting cell
  • OFET organic field effect transistor
  • organic laser an organic laser.
  • organic spintronic devices organic sensors or organic plasmon emitting diodes (Organic Plasmon Emitting Diode).
  • a method for preparing an organic electronic device wherein the organic functional compound according to any one of the above embodiments, the composition according to any one of the above embodiments or the mixture is applied to a substrate by printing or coating. Form a functional layer.
  • the printing or coating method is inkjet printing, Nozzle Printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, dip coating, spin coating, knife coating, roller printing, twisting Roll printing, plate printing, flexographic printing, rotary printing, spray coating, brushing, pad printing, or slit-type extrusion coating.
  • the functional layer has a thickness between 5 nm and 1000 nm.
  • the above organic functional compound for preparing an organic electronic device comprises an organic functional structural unit and a solubilizing structural unit, which has good solubility and film forming property, and at the same time, the organic functional compound maintains its functional structural unit well in the device. Performance in .
  • the organic functional compound and the composition and mixture containing the organic functional compound have good printing property and film forming property, and are convenient for realizing high-performance small-molecule organic electronic devices through solution processing, particularly printing process, especially Electroluminescent devices provide a low cost, high efficiency manufacturing solution.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment; wherein 101 is a substrate, 102 is an anode, 103 is a hole injection layer and/or a hole transport layer, 104 is a light emitting layer, and 105 is an electron injection layer and/or The electron transport layer, 106 is a cathode.
  • F is an organic functional structural unit
  • SG is a solubilizing structural unit
  • k is an integer of 1-10, preferably an integer greater than or equal to 2, more preferably an integer greater than or equal to 3; and when k is greater than 1, a plurality of SG Same or different.
  • the organic functional compound contains two, three or more solubilizing structural units SG.
  • an organic functional compound containing a plurality of solubilizing structural units has a relatively high molecular weight, and a higher molecular weight can exhibit superior solubility. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the organic functional compound has a molecular weight of at least 600 g/mol, preferably 800 g/mol, more preferably 900 g/mol, still more preferably 1000 g/mol.
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently selected from an aryl group or a heteroaryl group; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be substituted by one or more substituents.
  • p is an integer of 0-3, q is an integer of 0-4, and p+q ⁇ 2; preferably, p is 1, q is 1 or 2.
  • L 1 is selected from an aryl group or a heteroaryl group; wherein a broken line indicates a bond for bonding with the organic functional structural unit F.
  • X is N or CR 1 , and adjacent X is not N at the same time, and X at a position connected to Ar 1 and Ar 2 is C.
  • R 1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a thioalkoxy group, and a branch having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Or a cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group, a silyl group, a substituted ketone group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, having 7- Aryloxycarbonyl group of 20 carbon atoms, cyano group, carbamoyl group, haloformyl group, formyl group, isocyano group, isocyanate group, thiocyanate group, isothiocyanate group, hydroxyl group, nitrate a group, a CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, a crosslinkable group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 ring
  • the organic functional compound of the present embodiment has a high glass transition temperature, and has a glass transition temperature of not less than 100 ° C, preferably not less than 120 ° C, more preferably not less than 140 ° C, still more preferably not less than 160 ° C.
  • the organic functional structural unit F contained in the organic functional compound of the present embodiment is not limited in any way, and may be any known or newly developed functional compound for an organic electronic device, and is suitable for use in an organic electronic device.
  • the functional compound is converted into a soluble compound, and therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the electronic properties of the organic functional structural unit F, and the functional compound can be made soluble by introducing the solubilizing structural unit SG while maintaining the photoelectron performance of the functional unit.
  • the organic functional structural unit F is selected from the group consisting of a hole injecting material, a hole transporting material, a hole blocking material, an electron injecting material, an electron transporting material, an electron blocking material, an organic matrix material, a singlet light emitter, A group formed by one of a triplet illuminant, a thermally excited delayed fluorescent material, and an organic dye, particularly a luminescent metal organic complex.
  • the host material, the matrix material, the Host material, and the Matrix material have the same meaning and are interchangeable.
  • the metal organic complex, the metal organic complex, and the organometallic complex have the same meaning and are interchangeable.
  • organic functional materials are described in further detail below.
  • the organic functional material described below may be selected as the organic functional structural unit F in the present embodiment, and may also be a mixture of the other functional material and the organic functional compound.
  • HIM Hole injection layer
  • HTM hole transport layer
  • EBM electron blocking layer
  • Suitable organic HIM/HTM materials may be selected from compounds containing structural units such as phthalocyanine, porphyrin, amine, aromatic amine, biphenyl triarylamine, thiophene, thiophene such as dithienothiophene and thiophene, etc.
  • suitable HIMs also include self-assembling monomers such as compounds containing phosphonic acid and sliane derivatives, metal complexes and crosslinking compounds, and the like.
  • An electron blocking layer is used to block electrons from adjacent functional layers, particularly the luminescent layer.
  • the electron blocking material (EBM) of the electron blocking layer (EBL) requires a higher LUMO than an adjacent functional layer such as a light emitting layer.
  • the HBM has a larger excited state level than the adjacent luminescent layer, such as a singlet or triplet, depending on the illuminant, while the EBM has a hole transport function.
  • HIM/HTM materials which typically have high LUMO levels, can also be used as EBMs.
  • cyclic aromatic amine-derived compounds that can be used as HIM, HTM or EBM include, but are not limited to, the following structures:
  • Ar 1 to Ar 9 may be independently selected from the group consisting of: cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as benzene, biphenyl, triphenyl, benzo, naphthalene, anthracene, phenalrene, phenanthrene, anthracene, anthracene, fluorene, anthracene, anthracene; aromatic Heterocyclic compounds such as dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, oxazole, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, isoxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, evil Triazole, dioxazole, thiadiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, oxazine, acesulfazine, oxadiazine, hydrazine,
  • Ar 1 to Ar 9 may be further substituted, and the substituent may be at least one of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkene, alkyne, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl.
  • the substituent may be at least one of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkene, alkyne, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl.
  • Ar 1 -Ar 9 may be independently selected from the group consisting of the following structures:
  • n is an integer from 1 to 20; X 1 to X 8 are each independently selected from CH or N; and Ar 1 is as defined above.
  • metal complexes that can be used as HTM or HIM include, but are not limited to, the following general structures:
  • M is a metal having an atomic weight greater than 40, preferably Ir, Pt, Os and Zn;
  • (Y 1 -Y 2 ) is a bidentate ligand, and Y 1 and Y 2 are independently selected from C, N, O, P and S;
  • L is an ancillary ligand;
  • m is an integer having a value from 1 to the maximum coordination number of the metal M;
  • m+n is the maximum coordination number of the metal M.
  • (Y 1 -Y 2 ) may be a 2-phenylpyridine derivative. In another embodiment, (Y 1 -Y 2 ) may be a carbene ligand.
  • the metal complex has a HOMO greater than -5.5 eV (relative to the vacuum level).
  • the example of the Triplet Host material is not particularly limited, and any metal complex or organic compound may be used as the host material as long as it has a triplet energy ratio illuminant, particularly a triplet illuminant or phosphorescence.
  • the illuminant is higher.
  • metal complexes that can be used as the triplet host include, but are not limited to, the following general structure:
  • M is a metal
  • (Y 3 -Y 4 ) is a bidentate ligand, Y 3 and Y 4 are independently selected from C, N, O, P or S
  • L is an ancillary ligand
  • m is an integer, Its value is from 1 to the maximum coordination number of this metal
  • m+n is the maximum coordination number of this metal.
  • the metal complex that can be used as the triplet host has the following form:
  • (O-N) is a two-tooth ligand in which the metal is coordinated to the O and N atoms.
  • M can also be selected from the group consisting of Ir and Pt.
  • Examples of the organic compound which can be used as the triplet host material are selected from compounds containing a cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group such as benzene, biphenyl, triphenyl, benzo, anthracene; compounds containing an aromatic heterocyclic group such as dibenzothiophene , dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenophene, oxazole, carbazole, pyridinium, pyrrole dipyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, Triazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, oxadiazoles, triazoles, dioxazoles, thiadiazoles, pyridines, pyridazines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, triazines, oxazines, oxazines, dioxazins, Anthracene,
  • the triplet host material can be selected from compounds comprising at least one of the following groups:
  • R 1 -R 7 may be independently of one another selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkene, alkyne, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl, when they are aryl Or a heteroaryl group, which has the same meaning as Ar 1 Ar 2 and Ar 3 described above; n is an integer from 0 to 20; X 1 -X 8 is selected from CH or N; and X 9 is selected from CR 1 R 2 or NR 1 .
  • Examples of preferred triplet host materials are as follows.
  • the example of the singlet host material is not particularly limited, and any organic compound may be used as a host as long as its singlet energy is higher than that of the illuminant, particularly the singlet illuminant or the luminescent illuminant.
  • Examples of the organic compound used as the singlet host material may be selected from the group consisting of a cyclic aromatic compound such as benzene, biphenyl, triphenyl, benzo, naphthalene, anthracene, anthracene, phenanthrene, anthracene, anthracene, fluorene, fluorene.
  • a cyclic aromatic compound such as benzene, biphenyl, triphenyl, benzo, naphthalene, anthracene, anthracene, phenanthrene, anthracene, anthracene, fluorene, fluorene.
  • aromatic heterocyclic compounds such as dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenophene, carbazole, carbazole, Pyridinium, pyrrole dipyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, isoxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, oxatriazole, dioxazole, thiadiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, three Oxazine, oxazine, oxazine, oxadiazine, hydrazine, benzimidazole, oxazole, pyridazine, benzoxazole, benzoisoxazole, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, porphyrin ,
  • the singlet host material can be selected from compounds comprising at least one of the following groups:
  • R 1 may be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkene, alkyne, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
  • Ar 1 is aryl or heteroaryl a group having the same meaning as Ar 1 defined in the above HTM;
  • n is an integer from 0 to 20;
  • X 1 -X 8 are each independently selected from CH or N; and
  • X 9 and X 10 are independently selected from CR 1 R 2 or NR 1 .
  • examples of the fluorenyl singlet host material are as follows.
  • Singlet emitters tend to have longer conjugated pi-electron systems.
  • the singlet emitter can be selected from the group consisting of monostyrylamine, dibasic styrylamine, ternary styrylamine, quaternary styrylamine, styrene phosphine, styrene ether or arylamine.
  • the monostyrylamine refers to a compound comprising an unsubstituted or substituted styryl group and at least one amine, preferably an aromatic amine.
  • the dibasic styrylamine refers to a compound comprising two unsubstituted or substituted styryl groups and at least one amine, preferably an aromatic amine.
  • Ternary styrylamine refers to a compound comprising three unsubstituted or substituted styryl groups and at least one amine, preferably an aromatic amine.
  • Tetrastyrylamine refers to a compound comprising four unsubstituted or substituted styryl groups and at least one amine, preferably an aromatic amine.
  • a preferred styrene is stilbene, which may be further substituted.
  • the corresponding phosphines and ethers are defined similarly to amines.
  • An arylamine or an aromatic amine refers to a compound comprising three unsubstituted or substituted aromatic ring or heterocyclic systems directly bonded to nitrogen. At least one of the aromatic or heterocyclic ring systems is preferably a fused ring system and preferably has at least 14 aromatic ring atoms.
  • Preferred examples thereof are aromatic decylamine, aromatic quinone diamine, aromatic decylamine, aromatic quinone diamine, aromatic thiamine and aromatic quinone Diamine.
  • Aromatic decylamine refers to a compound in which a diaryl arylamine group is attached directly to the oxime, preferably at the position of 9.
  • Aromatic quinone diamine refers to a compound in which two diaryl arylamine groups are attached directly to the oxime, preferably at the 9,10 position.
  • the aromatic decylamine, the aromatic guanidine diamine, the aromatic thiamine and the aromatic thiamine are similarly defined, wherein the diarylamine group is preferably attached to the 1 or 1,6 position of the oxime.
  • Preferred singlet emitters are compounds based on vinylamines and arylamines.
  • Further preferred singlet emitters are selected from indenoindole-amine and indenofluorene-diamine, benzoindolo-amine and benzoindolo-diamine, dibenzoindenoindole-amine Or dibenzoindenoindole-diamine.
  • hydrazine eg 9,10-bis(2-naphthoquinone)
  • naphthalene tetraphenyl, oxalate ⁇
  • phenanthrene iridium (such as 2,5,8,11-tetra-t-butyl fluorene)
  • hydrazine and hydrazine such as (4,4'-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazole vinyl) -1,1'-biphenyl), indenylindole, decacycloolefin, hexacene benzene, anthracene, spirobifluorene, aryl hydrazine (as disclosed in US20060222886), arylene vinyl (such as US5121029, US5130603)
  • cyclopentadiene such as tetraphenylene
  • Triplet emitters are also known as phosphorescent emitters.
  • the triplet emitter is a metal complex of the formula M(L)n.
  • M is a metal atom
  • L may be the same or different at each occurrence, and is an organic ligand which is bonded to the metal atom M by one or more positions bonding or coordination
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • Good choice is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • these metal complexes are coupled to a polymer by one or more positions, preferably by an organic ligand.
  • the metal atom M is selected from a transition metal element or a lanthanide or a lanthanide such as Ir, Pt, Pd, Au, Rh, Ru, Os, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Re, Cu or Ag, preferably Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Re, Pd or Pt.
  • a transition metal element or a lanthanide or a lanthanide such as Ir, Pt, Pd, Au, Rh, Ru, Os, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Re, Cu or Ag, preferably Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Re, Pd or Pt.
  • the triplet emitter comprises a chelating ligand, ie a ligand, coordinated to the metal by at least two bonding sites, it is particularly preferred to consider that the triplet emitter comprises two or three identical or different pairs Tooth or multidentate ligand. Chelating ligands are beneficial for increasing the stability of metal complexes.
  • organic ligand examples may be selected from the group consisting of: a phenylpyridine derivative, a 7,8-benzoquinoline derivative, a 2(2-thienyl)pyridine derivative, a 2(1-naphthyl)pyridine derivative, or 2 Phenylquinoline derivative. All of these organic ligands may be substituted, for example by fluorine or trifluoromethyl.
  • the ancillary ligand may preferably be selected from the group consisting of acetone acetate or picric acid.
  • the metal complex that can be used as the triplet emitter has the following form:
  • M is a metal, preferably a transition metal element or a lanthanide or a lanthanide;
  • Ar 1 may be the same or different at each occurrence, and is a cyclic group containing at least one donor atom, ie, a lone pair of electrons An atom, such as nitrogen or phosphorus, is coordinated to the metal through its cyclic group; each occurrence of Ar 2 may be the same or different and is a cyclic group containing at least one carbon atom through which it The group is attached to the metal.
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are bonded together by a covalent bond, and each may carry one or more substituent groups, which may also be linked together by a substituent group.
  • L may be the same or different at each occurrence and is an ancillary ligand, preferably a bidentate chelate ligand, preferably a monoanionic bidentate chelate ligand.
  • m is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, particularly preferably 3;
  • n is 0, 1, or 2, preferably 0 or 1, particularly preferably 0;
  • the thermally activated delayed fluorescent luminescent material is a third generation organic luminescent material developed after organic fluorescent materials and organic phosphorescent materials.
  • Such materials generally have a small singlet-triplet energy level difference ( ⁇ Est), and triplet excitons can be converted into singlet exciton luminescence by anti-intersystem crossing. This can make full use of the singlet excitons and triplet excitons formed under electrical excitation.
  • the quantum efficiency in the device can reach 100%.
  • the material structure is controllable, the property is stable, the price is cheap, no precious metal is needed, and the application prospect in the OLED field is broad.
  • the TADF material needs to have a small singlet-triplet energy level difference, preferably ⁇ Est ⁇ 0.3 eV, and secondly ⁇ Est ⁇ 0.2 eV, preferably ⁇ Est ⁇ 0.1 eV.
  • the TADF material has a relatively small ⁇ Est, and in another preferred embodiment, the TADF has a better fluorescence quantum efficiency.
  • TADF luminescent materials Some examples of suitable TADF luminescent materials are listed below.
  • Ar 3 is selected from an aryl or heteroaryl group.
  • solubilization of the structural unit of the above SG, L1, Ar 1, Ar 2 and Ar 3 are the same or different substituents selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, group. More preferably, the aryl group contains 5-15 carbon atoms, more preferably 5-10 carbon atoms in the ring system, and the heteroaryl group contains 2-15 carbon atoms in the ring system, more preferably It is 2-10 carbon atoms, and at least one hetero atom, provided that the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 4.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from the group consisting of Si, N, P, O, S and/or Ge, particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of Si, N, P, O and/or S.
  • An aromatic group, an aromatic group or an aromatic group as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group containing at least one aromatic ring, including a monocyclic group and a polycyclic ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic group or a heteroaromatic group refers to a hydrocarbon group (containing a hetero atom) comprising at least one heteroaromatic ring, including a monocyclic group and a polycyclic ring system.
  • These polycyclic rings may have two or more rings in which two carbon atoms are shared by two adjacent rings, a fused ring. At least one of these rings of the polycyclic ring is aromatic or heteroaromatic.
  • the aromatic group or heteroaromatic group includes not only an aromatic or heteroaromatic system, but also a plurality of aryl or heteroaryl groups may also be interrupted by short non-aromatic units ( ⁇ 10).
  • % of non-H atoms preferably less than 5% of non-H atoms, such as C, N or O atoms
  • non-H atoms such as C, N or O atoms
  • the group of the system such as a group ether also belongs to the aromatic group of the present embodiment.
  • aromatic examples include: benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, perylene, tetracene, anthracene, benzopyrene, triphenylene, anthracene, anthracene, and the corresponding derivatives.
  • the aromatic group that is, the group formed by the aromatic group, is similarly defined by the following heteroaromatic group and non-aromatic ring group.
  • heteroaromatics are: furan, benzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, pyrrole, pyrazole, triazole, imidazole, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiazole, tetrazole, anthracene, oxazole, pyrroloimidazole , pyrrolopyrrole, thienopyrrole, thienothiophene, furopyrrol, furanfuran, thienofuran, benzisoxazole, benzisothiazole, benzimidazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, Triazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, o-naphthyridine, quinoxaline, phenanthridine, carbaidine, quinazoline, quinazolinone, and corresponding derivatives.
  • Preferred aryl or heteroaryl groups are selected from the group consisting of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyridine, perylene or thiophene.
  • L 1 , Ar 1 , Ar 2 or Ar 3 may be selected from one of the following groups:
  • X 1 is CR 5 or N;
  • L 1 , Ar 1 , Ar 2 and Ar 3 are each independently selected from one of the following groups:
  • the general formula of the solubilizing structural unit SG is
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 and Ar 3 may each be the same or different and are selected from phenyl or naphthyl groups.
  • solubilizing structural unit SG as described above is selected from the following structural formula:
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from at least one of the group consisting of H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a thioalkoxy group. a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl group, a substituted ketone group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, having 2 to 20 Alkoxycarbonyl group of a carbon atom, aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, cyano group, carbamoyl group, haloformyl group, formyl group, isocyano group, isocyanate group, thiocyanate group, Isothiocyanate groups, hydroxy, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, crosslinkable groups, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40 ring atoms
  • n and o are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.
  • solubilizing structural unit SG as described above is selected from, but not limited to, the following structure:
  • L1 is particularly preferably selected from the following structures:
  • a single H atom or a CH 2 group may be substituted with the above-mentioned group or group R, and an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably a group selected from the group consisting of methyl groups ,ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, methylbutyl, n-pentyl, sec-pentyl, ring Pentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, vinyl, propenyl, Butenyl, penten
  • Alkoxy groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms are methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy , tert-butoxy or methylbutoxy.
  • the total amount of the SP 3 hybridized group in the organic functional compound of the present embodiment does not exceed 30% of the total molecular weight, more preferably not more than 20%, more preferably not more than 10%.
  • the presence of fewer SP 3 hybrid groups can effectively ensure the thermal stability of the compound, thereby ensuring the stability of the device.
  • the weight ratio of the structural unit F to the structural unit SG in the organic functional compound of the present embodiment is from 2:1 to 1:20, preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:5, particularly preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:3. Within the scope.
  • the method for synthesizing the organic functional compound of the present embodiment is to carry out a reaction using a raw material containing a reactive group.
  • active materials comprise structural units F and SG of the above formula and, in each case, at least one ionic group, for example bromine, iodine, boric acid or boric acid ester.
  • Suitable reactions to form C-C linkages are well known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature.
  • Particularly suitable and preferred coupling reactions are SUZUKI, STILLE and HECK coupling reactions.
  • the present embodiment also provides a composition for preparing an organic electronic device comprising an organic solvent and the above organic functional compound.
  • an organic functional compound can be used as a host material.
  • the composition further comprises an illuminant.
  • the composition according to the present embodiment comprises a host material and a singlet emitter.
  • composition according to the present embodiment comprises a host material and a triplet emitter.
  • the composition according to the present embodiment comprises a host material and a thermally activated delayed fluorescent luminescent material.
  • the composition according to the present embodiment comprises a hole transporting material (HTM), and more preferably, the HTM comprises a crosslinkable group.
  • HTM hole transporting material
  • composition of the present embodiment is a solution or a suspension.
  • composition of the present embodiment may comprise from 0.01 to 20% by weight of the organic functional compound, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 0.2 to 10% by weight, most preferably from 0.25 to 5% by weight of the organic functional compound.
  • the organic solvent in the composition of the present embodiment is selected from an aromatic or heteroaromatic, ester, aromatic ketone or aromatic ether, an aliphatic ketone or an aliphatic ether, an alicyclic or olefinic compound, or a boric acid ester.
  • an inorganic ester compound such as a phosphate ester or a mixture of two or more organic solvents.
  • the composition comprises at least 50% by weight of an aromatic or heteroaromatic solvent; further preferably at least 80% by weight of an aromatic or heteroaromatic solvent; particularly preferably at least 90% by weight of an aromatic or heteroaromatic solvent.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic solvent examples include, but not limited to, 1-tetralone, 3-phenoxytoluene, acetophenone, 1-methoxynaphthalene, p-diisopropyl Benzene, pentylbenzene, tetrahydronaphthalene, cyclohexylbenzene, chloronaphthalene, 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, 3-isopropylbiphenyl, p-methylisopropylbenzene, dipentylbenzene, o-diethylbenzene, Diethylbenzene, p-diethylbenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, butylbenzene, dodecylbenzene , 1-methylnaphthalene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,
  • Preferred organic solvents are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, amines, thiols, amides, nitriles, esters, ethers, polyethers, alcohols, diols or polyols.
  • Alcohols represent the appropriate class of solvents.
  • Preferred alcohols include alkylcyclohexanols, especially methylated aliphatic alcohols, naphthols and the like.
  • the organic solvent may also be a cycloalkane such as decalin.
  • the organic solvent may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more organic solvents.
  • the composition according to the present embodiment may further comprise another organic solvent in addition to the organic functional compound as described above and at least one organic solvent, and an example of another organic solvent.
  • another organic solvent Including but not limited to: methanol, ethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, anisole, morpholine, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene , p-xylene, 1,4 dioxane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,2 dichloroethane, 3-phenoxytoluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1 , 1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydronaphthalene, decalin,
  • ⁇ d (dispersion force) is in the range of 17.0-23.2 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 18.5-21.0 MPa 1/2 ;
  • ⁇ p (polar force) is in the range of 0.2-12.5 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 2.0-6.0 MPa 1/2 ;
  • ⁇ h (hydrogen bond force) is in the range of 0.9 to 14.2 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 2.0 to 6.0 MPa 1/2 .
  • the organic solvent is selected in consideration of its boiling point parameter.
  • the organic solvent has a boiling point of ⁇ 150 ° C; preferably ⁇ 180 ° C; more preferably ⁇ 200 ° C; more preferably ⁇ 250 ° C; optimally ⁇ 275 ° C or ⁇ 300 ° C.
  • the boiling points within these ranges are beneficial for preventing nozzle clogging of the inkjet printhead.
  • the organic solvent can be evaporated from the solvent system to form a film comprising the functional material.
  • the surface tension is at 25 ° C in the range of 19 dyne / cm to 50 dyne / cm.
  • the organic solvent is selected in consideration of its surface tension parameter. Suitable ink surface tension parameters are suitable for a particular substrate and a particular printing method.
  • the organic solvent has a surface tension at 25 ° C of from about 19 dyne / cm to 50 dyne / cm; more preferably from 22 dyne / cm to 35 dyne / cm; Most preferably in the range of 25 dyne/cm to 33 dyne/cm.
  • the ink according to the present embodiment has a surface tension at 25 ° C in the range of about 19 dyne / cm to 50 dyne / cm; more preferably in the range of 22 dyne / cm to 35 dyne / cm; preferably in 25 dyne /cm to 33dyne/cm range.
  • the organic solvent is selected in consideration of the viscosity parameter of the ink.
  • the viscosity can be adjusted by different methods, such as by the selection of a suitable organic solvent and the concentration of the functional material in the ink.
  • the organic solvent has a viscosity of less than 100 cps; more preferably less than 50 cps; most preferably from 1.5 to 20 cps.
  • the viscosity herein refers to the viscosity at the ambient temperature at the time of printing, and is generally 15-30 ° C, preferably 18-28 ° C, more preferably 20-25 ° C. It is preferably 23-25 ° C.
  • Compositions so formulated will be particularly suitable for ink jet printing.
  • the composition according to the present embodiment has a viscosity at 25 ° C in the range of about 1 cps to 100 cps; more preferably in the range of 1 cps to 50 cps; more preferably in the range of 1.5 cps to 20 cps.
  • the ink obtained by the organic solvent satisfying the above boiling point and surface tension parameters and viscosity parameters can form a functional material film having uniform thickness and composition properties.
  • the present embodiment also relates to the use of the composition as a printing ink in the preparation of an organic electronic device, and particularly preferably a preparation method by printing or coating.
  • suitable printing or coating techniques include, but are not limited to, inkjet printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, dip coating, spin coating, blade coating, roller printing, torsion roller printing, lithography, flexographic printing. , rotary printing, spraying, brushing or pad printing, slit type extrusion coating, etc. Preferred are gravure, screen printing and inkjet printing.
  • the solution or suspension may additionally comprise one or more components, such as surface active compounds, lubricants, wetting agents, dispersing agents, hydrophobic agents, binders, etc., for adjusting viscosity, film forming properties, adhesion, etc. .
  • a functional layer is formed on the substrate, and its thickness is controlled to be 5 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the present embodiment also provides a mixture comprising an organic functional compound or composition according to the present embodiment, and at least another organic functional material.
  • Another organic functional material may be selected from hole (also called hole) injection material (HIM), hole transport material (HTM), hole blocking material (HBM), electron injecting material (EIM), electron transport material. (ETM), electron blocking material (EBM), organic matrix material (Host), singlet emitter (fluorescent emitter), triplet emitter (phosphorescent emitter), thermally excited delayed fluorescent material (TADF material) or organic dye.
  • the present embodiment further relates to an organic electronic device comprising at least one organic functional compound according to the present embodiment, or at least a functional layer prepared by using the composition according to the present embodiment.
  • the organic electronic device comprises at least one cathode, an anode and a functional layer between the cathode and the anode, wherein the functional layer contains at least one organic functional compound as described above.
  • the organic electronic device is preferably an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an organic photovoltaic cell (OPV), an organic light emitting cell (OLEEC), an organic field effect transistor (OFET), an organic light emitting field effect transistor, an organic laser, and an organic spin.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • OLED organic photovoltaic cell
  • OEEC organic light emitting cell
  • OFET organic field effect transistor
  • organic laser an organic spin.
  • organic spin organic light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • OLED organic photovoltaic cell
  • OLED organic light emitting cell
  • OFET organic field effect transistor
  • organic light emitting field effect transistor an organic laser
  • organic spin organic spin.
  • Electronic device organic sensor or organic plasmon emitting diode (Organic Plasmon Emitting Diode).
  • the above-mentioned organic electronic device is an electroluminescent device, in particular an OLED, which has a structure as shown in FIG. 1 and includes a substrate 101, an anode 102, and at least one light emitting layer. 104 and a cathode 106.
  • the substrate 101 can be opaque or transparent.
  • a transparent substrate can be used to make a transparent light-emitting component.
  • the substrate 101 can be rigid or elastic.
  • the substrate 101 can be a plastic, metal, semiconductor wafer or glass.
  • the substrate 101 has a smooth surface. Substrates without surface defects are a particularly desirable choice.
  • the substrate 101 is flexible, and may be selected from a polymer film or a plastic having a glass transition temperature Tg of 150 ° C or more, preferably more than 200 ° C, more preferably more than 250 ° C, preferably. It is over 300 °C.
  • suitable flexible substrates are poly(ethylene terephthalate) (i.e., PET) and polyethylene glycol (2,6-naphthalene) (i.e., PEN).
  • the anode 102 can comprise a conductive metal or metal oxide, or a conductive polymer.
  • the anode 102 can easily inject holes into a hole injection layer (HIL) or a hole transport layer (HTL) or a light-emitting layer.
  • HIL hole injection layer
  • HTL hole transport layer
  • the work function of the anode 102 and the absolute value of the difference between the HOMO level or the valence band level of the illuminant in the luminescent layer or the p-type semiconductor material as the HIL or HTL or electron blocking layer (EBL) It is less than 0.5 eV, preferably less than 0.3 eV, and more preferably less than 0.2 eV.
  • Examples of materials for the anode 102 include, but are not limited to, Al, Cu, Au, Ag, Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Pd, Pt, ITO, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and the like.
  • Other suitable anodes 102 are known and can be readily selected for use by one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the anode 102 can be deposited using any suitable technique, such as a suitable physical vapor deposition process, including radio frequency magnetron sputtering, vacuum thermal evaporation, electron beam (e-beam), and the like.
  • the anode 102 is patterned.
  • a patterned ITO conductive substrate is commercially available and can be used to prepare a device according to the present embodiment.
  • Cathode 106 can include a conductive metal or metal oxide.
  • the cathode 106 can easily inject electrons into the EIL or ETL or directly into the luminescent layer.
  • the work function of the cathode 106 and the LUMO level of the illuminant or the n-type semiconductor material as an electron injection layer (EIL) or an electron transport layer (ETL) or a hole blocking layer (HBL) in the light-emitting layer.
  • EIL electron injection layer
  • ETL electron transport layer
  • HBL hole blocking layer
  • the absolute value of the difference in the conduction band level is less than 0.5 eV, preferably less than 0.3 eV, and most preferably less than 0.2 eV.
  • cathode 106 of the OLED all materials that can be used as the cathode 106 of the OLED are likely to be the material of the cathode 106 of the device of the present embodiment.
  • cathode 106 materials include but not Limited to: Al, Au, Ag, Ca, Ba, Mg, LiF/Al, MgAg alloy, BaF2/Al, Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Pd, Pt, ITO, and the like.
  • Cathode 106 material can be deposited using any suitable technique, such as a suitable physical vapor deposition process, including radio frequency magnetron sputtering, vacuum thermal evaporation, electron beam (e-beam), and the like.
  • the OLED may further include other functional layers such as a hole injection layer (HIL) or a hole transport layer (HTL) 103, an electron blocking layer (EBL), an electron injection layer (EIL) or an electron transport layer (ETL) 105, and a hole. Barrier layer (HBL).
  • HIL hole injection layer
  • HTL hole transport layer
  • EBL electron blocking layer
  • EIL electron injection layer
  • ETL electron transport layer
  • HBL Barrier layer
  • a hole injection layer (HIL) or a hole transport layer (HTL) 103 is prepared by printing the composition of the present embodiment. to make.
  • an electron injecting layer (EIL) or an electron transporting layer (ETL) 105 is prepared by printing the composition of the present embodiment.
  • the light-emitting layer (104) is prepared by printing the composition of the present embodiment.
  • the electroluminescent device according to the present embodiment has an emission wavelength of between 300 and 1000 nm, preferably between 350 and 900 nm, more preferably between 400 and 800 nm.
  • the present embodiment also relates to the application of the organic electronic device according to the present embodiment in various electronic devices, including but not limited to display devices, illumination devices, light sources, sensors, and the like.
  • the viscosity of the organic composition was tested by a DV-I Prime Brookfield rheometer; the surface tension of the organic composition was tested by a SITA bubble pressure tomometer.
  • the obtained organic composition had a viscosity of 6.4 ⁇ 0.5 cPs and a surface tension of 34.1 ⁇ 0.5 dyne/cm.
  • a, cleaning of the conductive glass substrate when used for the first time, can be washed with a variety of solvents, such as chloroform, ketone, isopropyl alcohol, and then UV ozone plasma treatment;
  • HIL 50 nm
  • HTL 35 nm
  • ETL 28 nm
  • hot evaporation in high vacuum (1 ⁇ 10 -6 mbar
  • EML 25 nm
  • cathode LiF / Al (1nm / 150nm) in a high vacuum (1 ⁇ 10 -6 mbar) in the thermal evaporation;
  • the device is encapsulated in a nitrogen glove box with an ultraviolet curable resin.
  • J-V current-voltage
  • the above organic functional compound for preparing an organic electronic device comprises an organic functional structural unit and a solubilizing structure It has good solubility and film forming properties, and at the same time, the organic functional compound well maintains the performance of its functional structural unit in the device.
  • the organic functional compound and the composition and mixture containing the organic functional compound have good printing property and film forming property, and are convenient for realizing high-performance small-molecule organic electronic devices through solution processing, particularly printing process, especially Electroluminescent devices provide a low cost, high efficiency manufacturing solution.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用。有机功能化合物的结构通式是式（I），该有机功能化合物包含有机功能结构单元和增溶性结构单元，具有好的溶解性和成膜性，同时，该有机功能化合物很好地维持了其功能结构单元在器件中的性能。该有机功能化合物及含有该有机功能化合物的组合物和混合物具有较好的印刷性和成膜性能，便于通过溶液加工，特别是印刷工艺，实现高性能的小分子有机电子器件，特别是有机电致发光器件。

Description

用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及有机电子器件领域，尤其是涉及一种用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用。
背景技术
由于有机半导体材料在合成上具有多样性、制造成本相对较低和优良的光学与电学性能，有机发光二极管(OLED)在光电器件(例如平板显示器和照明器件)的应用方面具有很大的潜力。
为了提高有机发光二极管的发光效率，发光器件通常采用多层式的器件结构，实现电荷注入、传输和复合发光等功能的分离，从而提升器件发光效率和寿命。目前实现多层式光电器件的方法主要集中于逐层真空蒸镀的方法。然而，真空蒸镀工艺造价高，对加工过程要求很高，如一般需要极精密的荫罩等，从而限制了有机发光二极管作为大面积、低成本显示器和照明器件的应用。相比之下，喷墨打印(inkjet printing)和卷对卷(roll-to-roll)等溶液加工制程，由于无需精密荫罩、室温工艺、材料利用率很高及非常好的可扩展性等突出优点，成为制备有机光电器件，特别是有机发光二极管显示器的非常有希望的技术。为了实现印刷制程，合适的印刷油墨及材料是关键。
π-共轭高聚物具有溶解性好、成膜性好等特点，成为近年来溶液加工有机光电器件的研究热点。然而，不同彼此高聚物存在分子量、分子量分布、分子构型和纯度不同等问题，导致了材料及相应器件的重复性较差。同时，基于高聚物的有机发光二极管性能仍低于蒸镀型小分子有机发光二极管。
相比于高聚物，有机小分子材料具有更明确的分子结构、成熟的提纯工艺和更出色的器件性能，更有希望实现有机发光二极管在显示器和照明领域的广泛应用。然而较低的分子量和刚性的芳香性分子结构使得小分子材料的溶解性和成膜性较差，特别是难以形成形貌规整的无空洞的非晶薄膜。虽然通过对分子结构的改性能够提高某些化合物的溶解性，但是得到的电子器件的性能和寿命都不如通过真空蒸镀获得的器件。目前，高性能的小分子有机发光二极管仍是通过真空蒸镀的方法制备。对溶液加工小分子有机发光二极管尚缺乏材料解决方案。因此，设计合成具有好的溶解性和成膜性的有机小分子功能化合物及相应的印刷油墨对实现高性能印刷有机发光二极管显得尤为重要。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种具有好的溶解性和成膜性的用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用。
本发明的技术方案如下。
一种用于制备电子器件的有机功能化合物，结构通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000001
其中，F为有机功能结构单元，SG为增溶性结构单元，k是1-10的整数；当k大于1时，多个SG相同或不同；
所述增溶性结构单元SG的结构通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000002
其中，L1、Ar1及Ar2分别独立地选自芳基或杂芳基团；p是0-3的整数，q是0-4的整数，且p+q≥2；优选的，p为1，q为1或2；虚线表示用于与有机功能结构单元F键合的键；
X是N或CR1，且相邻的X不同时为N，与Ar1及Ar2相连的位置的X为C；R1选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或这些体系的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能化合物的分子量至少为600g/mol。优选至少为800g/mol。更优选的至少为1000g/mol。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能结构单元F选自如下材料形成的基团中的一种：空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、空穴阻挡材料、电子注入材料、电子传输材料、电子阻挡材料、有机基质材料、单重态发光体、三重态发光体、热激发延迟荧光材料及有机染料。
在其中一个实施例中，所述增溶性结构单元SG选自如下结构通式所示基团中的一种：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000004
Ar3选自芳基或杂芳基团。
在其中一个实施例中，所述增溶性结构单元SG选自如下结构通式所示基团中的一种：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000007
其中，R2，R3及R4分别独立地选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或这些体系的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系；
m是0、1、2、3、4或5；n及o各自独立地是0、1、2、3、4、5、6或7。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能化合物中SP3杂化的基团的总量不超过总分子量的30％，优选不超过20％，进一步优选不超过10％。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能化合物的玻璃化温度不小于100℃，优选不小于120℃，更优选不小于140℃，进一步优选不小于160℃。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能结构单元F和增溶性结构单元SG的重量比为(2∶1)-(1∶20)。
一种用于制备有机电子器件的组合物，包括有机溶剂以及上述任一实施例所述的有机功能化合物。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机功能化合物是主体材料(Host)。
在其中一个实施例中，所述组合物还包括发光体材料。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机溶剂选自芳族或杂芳族、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、脂环族或烯烃类化合物，以及无机酯类化合物中的至少一种。
在其中一个实施例中，在25℃下，所述组合物的粘度在1cPs到100cPs范围内；和/或在25℃下，所述组合物的表面张力在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围内。
一种用于制备有机电子器件的混合物，包括上述任一实施例所述的有机功能化合物及另一种有机功能材料，所述另一种有机功能材料选自空穴注入材料(HIM)、空穴传输材料(HTM)、空穴阻挡材料(HBM)、电子注入材料(EIM)、电子传输材料(ETM)、电子阻挡材料(EBM)、有机基质材料(也称主体材料，即Host)、单重态发光体(即荧光发光体)、三重态发光体(即磷光发光体)及有机染料中的一种。
上述任一实施例所述的有机功能化合物、上述任一实施例所述的组合物或所述的混合物在制备有机电子器件中的应用。
一种有机电子器件，含有上述任一实施例所述的有机功能化合物、上述任一实施例所述的组合物或所述的混合物。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机电子器件为有机发光二极管(OLED)、有机光伏电池(OPV)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机场效应管(OFET)、有机发光场效应管、有机激光器，有机自旋电子器件，有机传感器或有机等离激元发射二极管(Organic Plasmon Emitting Diode)。
一种有机电子器件的制备方法，将上述任一实施例所述的有机功能化合物、上述任一实施例所述的组合物或所述的混合物用印刷或涂布的方法涂布于一基板上形成一功能层。
在其中一个实施例中，所述印刷或涂布的方法是喷墨打印、喷印(Nozzle Printing)、活版印刷、丝网印刷、浸涂、旋转涂布、刮刀涂布、辊筒印花、扭转辊印刷、版印刷、柔版印刷、轮转印刷、喷涂、刷涂、移印、或狭缝型挤压式涂布。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功能层的厚度在5nm-1000nm。
上述用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物包含有有机功能结构单元和增溶性结构单元，具有好的溶解性和成膜性，同时，该有机功能化合物很好的维持了其功能结构单元在器件中的性能。该有机功能化合物及含有该有机功能化合物的组合物和混合物等具有较好的印刷性及成膜性能，便于通过溶液加工，特别是印刷工艺，实现高性能的小分子有机电子器件，特别是有机电致发光器件，从而提供了一种成本低、高效率的制造技术方案。
附图说明
图1为一实施方式的发光器件的结构示意图；其中，101是基板，102是阳极，103是空穴注入层和/或空穴传输层，104是发光层，105是电子注入层和/或电子传输层，106是阴极。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
一实施方式的用于制备电子件的有机功能化合物，其结构通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000008
其中，F为有机功能结构单元，SG为增溶性结构单元，k是1-10的整数，优选是大于等于2的整数，更优选是大于等于3的整数；当k大于1时，多个SG相同或不同。优选的，该有机功能化合物中包含两种、三种或更多种的增溶性结构单元SG。
含有多个增溶性结构单元的有机功能化合物具有相对较高的分子量，更高的分子量能够表现出更优秀的溶解性。因此，在本实施方式中，有机功能化合物的分子量至少为600g/mol，优选为800g/mol，更优选为900g/mol，进一步优选为1000g/mol。
增溶性结构单元SG的结构通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000009
其中，Ar1及Ar2分别独立地选自芳基或杂芳基团；Ar1及Ar2可以被一个或多个取代基取代。
p是0-3的整数，q是0-4的整数，且p+q≥2；优选的，p为1，q为1或2。
L1选自芳基或杂芳基团；其中，虚线表示用于与有机功能结构单元F键合的键。
X是N或CR1，且相邻的X不同时为N，与Ar1及Ar2相连的位置的X为C。
R1选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰 基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或这些体系的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
本实施方式的有机功能化合物具有较高的玻璃化转变温度，其玻璃化温度不小于100℃，优选不小于120℃，更优选不小于140℃，进一步优选不小于160℃。
本实施方式的有机功能化合物所包含的有机功能结构单元F没有任何的限制，可以为任何已知的或新开发的用于有机电子器件的功能化合物，适用于将用于有机电子器件的已知功能化合物转化为可溶的化合物，因此，无需调节有机功能结构单元F的电子性能，通过引入增溶性结构单元SG实现功能化合物的可溶，同时能够维持其功能单元的光电子性能。
在本实施方式中，有机功能结构单元F选自空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、空穴阻挡材料、电子注入材料、电子传输材料、电子阻挡材料、有机基质材料、单重态发光体、三重态发光体、热激发延迟荧光材料及有机染料中的一种材料形成的基团，特别是发光金属有机配合物。
在本实施方式中，主体材料、基质材料、Host材料和Matrix材料具有相同的含义，可以互换。
在本实施方式中，金属有机络合物、金属有机配合物、有机金属配合物具有相同的含义，可以互换。
下面对有机功能材料作进一步详细的描述。以下所述的有机功能材料在本实施方式中既可被选为有机功能结构单元F，同时也可以作为另一种功能材料与该有机功能化合物构成混合物。
1.空穴注入层(HIM)材料、空穴传输层(HTM)材料及电子阻挡层(EBM)材料
合适的有机HIM/HTM材料可选自包含有如下结构单元的化合物：酞菁、卟啉、胺、芳香胺、联苯类三芳胺、噻吩、并噻吩如二噻吩并噻吩和并噻吩等、吡咯、苯胺、咔唑、氮茚并氮芴、以及上述化合物的衍生物。另外，合适的HIM也包括自组装单体，如含有膦酸和sliane衍生物的化合物、金属络合物和交联化合物等。
电子阻挡层(EBL)用来阻挡来自相邻功能层，特别是发光层的电子。对比一个没有阻挡层的发光器件，EBL的存在通常会导致发光效率的提高。电子阻挡层(EBL)的电子阻挡材料(EBM)需要有比相邻功能层，如发光层更高的LUMO。在一个优选的实施例中，HBM有比相邻发光层更大的激发态能级，如单重态或三重态，取决于发光体，同时，EBM有空穴传输功能。通常具有高的LUMO能级的HIM/HTM材料也可以作为EBM。
可用作HIM，HTM或EBM的环芳香胺衍生化合物的例子包括但不限于如下的结构：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000010
Ar1至Ar9可独立地选自：环芳香烃化合物，如苯、联苯、三苯基、苯并、萘、蒽、非那烯、菲、芴、芘、屈、苝、薁；芳香杂环化合物，如二苯并噻吩、二苯并呋喃、呋喃、噻吩、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、咔唑、吡唑、咪唑、三氮唑、异恶唑、噻唑、恶二唑、恶三唑、二恶唑、噻二唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、三嗪、恶嗪、恶噻嗪、恶二嗪、吲哚、苯并咪唑、吲唑、吲哚嗪、苯并恶唑、苯异恶唑、苯并噻唑、喹啉、异喹啉、邻二氮(杂)萘、喹唑啉、喹喔啉、萘、酞、蝶啶、氧杂蒽、吖啶、吩嗪、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、二苯并硒吩、苯并硒吩、苯并呋喃吡啶、吲哚咔唑、吡啶吲哚、吡咯二吡啶、呋喃二吡啶、苯并噻吩吡啶、噻吩吡啶、苯并硒吩吡啶和硒吩二吡啶；包含有2-10环结构的基团，它们可以是相同或不同类型的环芳香烃基团或芳香杂环基团，并彼此直接或通过至少一个以下的基团连接在一起，如氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、硅原子、磷原子、硼原子、链结构单元和脂肪环基团。其中，Ar1至Ar9均可以进一步被取代，取代基可选为氢、烷基、烷氧基、氨基、烯、炔、芳烷基、杂烷基、芳基和杂芳基中的至少一种。
优选的，Ar1-Ar9可分别独立地选自包含如下结构的基团：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000011
其中，n是1-20的整数；X1-X8分别独立的选自CH或N；Ar1如以上所定义。
可用作HTM或HIM的金属络合物的例子包括(但不限于)如下的一般结构：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000012
其中，M是金属，有大于40的原子量，优选Ir、Pt、Os和Zn；(Y1-Y2)是一两齿配体，Y1和Y2独立地选自C、N、O、P和S；L是辅助配体；m是整数，其值从1到此金属M的最大配位数；m+n是此金属M的最大配位数。
在一实施例中，(Y1-Y2)可以是2-苯基吡啶衍生物。在另一个实施例中，(Y1-Y2)可以是一卡宾配体。
该金属络合物的HOMO大于-5.5eV(相对于真空能级)。
优选的，合适的可作为HIM/HTM化合物的例子如下。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000014
2.三重态基质材料(Triplet Host)
三重态主体材料(Triplet Host)的例子并不受特别的限制，任何金属络合物或有机化合物都可能被用作为主体材料，只要其三重态能量比发光体，特别是三重态发光体或磷光发光体更高即可。可用作三重态主体(Host)的金属络合物的例子包括(但不限于)如下的一般结构：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000015
其中，M是金属；(Y3-Y4)是一两齿配体，Y3和Y4独立地选自C、N、O、P或S；L是辅助配体；m是一整数，其值从1到此金属的最大配位数；m+n是此金属的最大配位数。
在一个优选的实施例中，可用作三重态主体的金属络合物有如下形式：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000016
(O-N)是一两齿配体，其中金属与O和N原子配位。
在其他实施方式中，M还可选自Ir和Pt。
可作为三重态主体材料的有机化合物的例子选自包含有环芳香烃基的化合物，例如苯、联苯、三苯基、苯并、芴；包含有芳香杂环基的化合物，如二苯并噻吩、二苯并呋喃、二苯并硒吩、呋喃、噻吩、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、苯并硒吩、咔唑、吲哚咔唑、吡啶吲哚、吡咯二吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、三唑类、恶唑、噻唑、恶二唑、恶三唑、二恶唑、噻二唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、三嗪类、恶嗪、恶噻嗪、恶二嗪、吲哚、苯并咪唑、吲唑、恶唑、二苯并恶唑、苯异恶唑、苯并噻唑、喹啉、异喹啉、邻二氮杂萘、喹唑啉、喹喔啉、萘、酞、蝶啶、氧杂蒽、吖啶、吩嗪、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、苯并呋喃吡啶、呋喃并吡啶、苯并噻吩吡啶、噻吩吡啶、苯并硒吩吡啶和硒吩苯并二吡啶；包含有2-10环原子结构的基团，它们可以是相同或不同类型的环芳香烃基团或芳香杂环基团，并彼此直接或通过至少一个以下的基团连接在一起，如氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、硅原子、磷原子、硼原子、链结构单元和脂肪环基团。其中，每个环原子可以进一步被取代，取代基可选为氢、烷基、烷氧基、氨基、烯、炔、芳烷基、杂烷基、芳基和杂芳基。
在一个优选的实施例中，三重态主体材料可选自包含至少一个以下基团的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000018
R1-R7可相互独立地选自如下的基团：氢，烷基，烷氧基，氨基，烯，炔，芳烷基，杂烷基，芳基和杂芳基，当它们是芳基或杂芳基时，它们与上述的Ar1Ar2和Ar3意义相同；n是从0到20的整数；X1-X8选自CH或N；X9选自CR1R2或NR1。
优选的三重态主体材料的例子如下。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000019
3.单重态基质材料(Singlet Host)：
单重态主体材料的例子并不受特别的限制，任何有机化合物都可能被用作为主体，只要其单重态能量比发光体，特别是单重态发光体或荧光发光体更高即可。
作为单重态主体材料使用的有机化合物的例子可选自：含有环芳香烃化合物，如苯、联苯、三苯基、苯并、萘、蒽、萉、菲、芴、芘、屈、苝、薁；芳香杂环化合物，如二苯并噻吩、二苯并呋喃、二苯并硒吩、呋喃、噻吩、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、苯并硒吩、咔唑、吲哚咔唑、吡啶吲哚、吡咯二吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、三氮唑、异恶唑、噻唑、恶二唑、恶三唑、二恶唑、噻二唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、三嗪、恶嗪、恶噻嗪、恶二嗪、吲哚、苯并咪唑、吲唑、吲哚嗪、苯并恶唑、苯异恶唑、苯并噻唑、喹啉、异喹啉、噌啉、喹唑啉、喹喔啉、萘、酞、蝶啶、氧杂蒽、吖啶、吩嗪、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、苯并呋喃吡啶、呋喃二吡啶、苯并噻吩吡啶、噻吩二吡啶、苯并硒吩吡啶和硒吩二吡啶；包含有2-10环结构的基团，它们可以是相同或不同类型的环芳香烃基团或芳香杂环基团，并彼此直接或通过至少一个以下的基团连接在一起，如氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、硅原子、磷原子、硼原子、链结构单元和脂肪环基团。
在一个优选的实施例中，单重态主体材料可选于包含至少一个以下基团的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000020
其中，R1可选自如下的基团：氢、烷基、烷氧基、氨基、烯、炔、芳烷基、杂烷基、芳基和杂芳基；Ar1是芳基或杂芳基，与上述的HTM中定义的Ar1意义相同；n是从0到20的整数；X1-X8分别独立的选自于CH或N；X9和X10分别独立的选自CR1R2或NR1。
优选，蒽基单重态主体材料的例子如下。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000021
4.单重态发光体(Singlet Emitter)
单重态发光体往往有较长的共轭π电子系统。
在一个优选的实施例中，单重态发光体可选自一元苯乙烯胺、二元苯乙烯胺、三元苯乙烯胺、四元苯乙烯胺、苯乙烯膦、苯乙烯醚或芳胺。
一元苯乙烯胺是指化合物，其包含一个无取代或取代的苯乙烯基组和至少一个胺，最好是芳香胺。二元苯乙烯胺是指化合物，其包含二个无取代或取代的苯乙烯基组和至少一个胺，最好是芳香胺。三元苯乙烯胺是指化合物，其包含三个无取代或取代的苯乙烯基组和至少一个胺，最好是芳香胺。四元苯乙烯胺是指化合物，其包含四个无取代或取代的苯乙烯基组和至少一个胺，最好是芳香胺。优选的苯乙烯是二苯乙烯，其可以进一步被取代。相应的膦类和醚类的定义与胺类相似。芳基胺或芳香胺是指化合物，其包含三个直接联接氮的无取代或取代的芳香环或杂环系统。芳香族或杂环的环系统中至少有一个优选是稠环系统，并最好有至少14个芳香环原子。其中优选的例子有芳香蒽胺，芳香蒽二胺，芳香芘胺，芳香芘二胺，芳香屈胺和芳香屈 二胺。芳香蒽胺是指化合物，其中有一个二元芳基胺基团直接连到蒽上，最好是在9的位置上。芳香蒽二胺是指化合物，其中有二个二元芳基胺基团直接连到蒽上，最好是在9，10的位置上。芳香芘胺，芳香芘二胺，芳香屈胺和芳香屈二胺的定义类似，其中二元芳基胺基团最好连到芘的1或1，6位置上。
优选的单重态发光体是基于乙烯胺及芳胺的化合物。
进一步的优选的单重态发光体可选于茚并芴-胺和茚并芴-二胺，苯并茚并芴-胺和苯并茚并芴-二胺，二苯并茚并芴-胺或二苯并茚并芴-二胺。
其他还可用作单重态发光体的材料有多环芳烃化合物，特别是如下化合物的衍生物：蒽(如9，10-二(2-萘并蒽))，萘，四苯，氧杂蒽，菲，芘(如2，5，8，11-四-t-丁基苝)，茚并芘，苯撑如(4，4’-双(9-乙基-3-咔唑乙烯基)-1，1’-联苯)，二茚并芘，十环烯，六苯并苯，芴，螺二芴，芳基芘(如US20060222886中公开)，亚芳香基乙烯(如US5121029、US5130603中公开)，环戊二烯如四苯基环戊二烯，红荧烯，香豆素，若丹明，喹吖啶酮，吡喃如4(二氰基亚甲基)-6-(4-对二甲氨基苯乙烯基-2-甲基)-4H-吡喃(DCM)，噻喃，双(吖嗪基)亚胺硼化合物(US2007/0092753A1)，双(吖嗪基)亚甲基化合物，carbostyryl化合物，噁嗪酮，苯并恶唑，苯并噻唑，苯并咪唑及吡咯并吡咯二酮。
以下列出一些合适的单重态发光体的例子。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000022
5.三重态发光体(磷光发光体)
三重态发光体也称磷光发光体。在一个优选的实施例中，三重态发光体是有通式M(L)n的金属络合物。其中M是金属原子；L每次出现时可以是相同或不同，是有机配体，其通过一个或多个位置键接或配位连接到金属原子M上；n是大于等于1的整数，较好选是1，2，3，4，5或6。可选地，这些金属络合物通过一个或多个位置联接到一个聚合物上，最好是通过有机配体。
在一个优选的实施例中，金属原子M选于过渡金属元素或镧系元素或锕系元素，如Ir，Pt，Pd，Au，Rh，Ru，Os，Sm，Eu，Gd，Tb，Dy，Re，Cu或Ag，优选Os，Ir，Ru，Rh，Re， Pd或Pt。
优选地，三重态发光体包含有螯合配体，即配体，通过至少两个结合点与金属配位，特别优选考虑的是三重态发光体包含有两个或三个相同或不同的双齿或多齿配体。螯合配体有利于提高金属络合物的稳定性。
有机配体的例子可选自：苯基吡啶衍生物，7，8-苯并喹啉衍生物，2(2-噻吩基)吡啶衍生物，2(1-萘基)吡啶衍生物，或2苯基喹啉衍生物。所有这些有机配体都可能被取代，例如被含氟或三氟甲基取代。辅助配体可优选选自乙酸丙酮或苦味酸。
在一个优选的实施例中，可用作三重态发光体的金属络合物有如下形式：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000023
其中M是金属，优选过渡金属元素或镧系元素或锕系元素；Ar1每次出现时可以是相同或不同，是一个环状基团，其中至少包含有一个施主原子，即有一孤对电子的原子，如氮或磷，通过它环状基团与金属配位连接；Ar2每次出现时可以是相同或不同，是一个环状基团，其中至少包含有一个碳原子，通过它环状基团与金属连接。Ar1和Ar2由共价键联接在一起，可各自携带一个或多个取代基团，它们也可再通过取代基团联接在一起。L每次出现时可以是相同或不同，是一个辅助配体，优选于双齿螯合配体，最好是单阴离子双齿螯合配体。m是1，2或3，优选地是2或3，特别优选地是3；n是0，1，或2，优选地是0或1，特别优选地是0；
以下列出了一些合适的三重态发光体的例子。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000026
6.热激发延迟荧光发光材料(TADF材料)
传统有机荧光材料只能利用电激发形成的25％单线态激子发光，器件的内量子效率较低(最高为25％)。尽管磷光材料由于重原子中心强的自旋-轨道耦合增强了系间穿越，可以有效利用电激发形成的单线态激子和三线态激子发光，使器件的内量子效率达到100％。但磷光材料昂贵，材料稳定性差，器件效率滚降严重等问题限制了其在OLED中的应用。热激活延迟荧光发光材料是继有机荧光材料和有机磷光材料之后发展的第三代有机发光材料。该类材料一般具有小的单线态-三线态能级差(ΔEst)，三线态激子可以通过反系间穿越转变成单线态激子发光。这可以充分利用电激发下形成的单线态激子和三线态激子。器件内量子效率可达到100％。同时材料结构可控，性质稳定，价格便宜无需要贵金属，在OLED领域的应用前景广阔。
TADF材料需要具有较小的单线态-三线态能级差，较好是ΔEst＜0.3eV，次好是ΔEst＜0.2eV，最好是ΔEst＜0.1eV。在一个优选的实施例中，TADF材料有比较小的ΔEst，在另一个优选的实施例中，TADF有较好的荧光量子效率。
以下列出了一些合适的TADF发光材料的例子。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000029
在某些优选的实施例中，该有机功能化合物的通式中p＝1，q＝1，即所述的增溶性结构单元SG的通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000030
以下列出了一些增溶性结构单元SG的优选的通式：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000032
Ar3选自芳基或杂芳基团。
优选的，以上所述的增溶性结构单元SG中，L1，Ar1，Ar2及Ar3相同或不同的选自未被取代或取代的具有2-20个碳原子的芳基或杂芳基团。更优选的，所述芳基在环系中包含5-15个碳原子，更优是5-10个碳原子，所述杂芳基团在环系中包含2-15个碳原子，更优是2-10个碳原子，和至少一个杂原子，条件是碳原子和杂原子的总数至少为4。杂原子优选选自Si、N、P、O、S和/或Ge，特别优选选自Si、N、P、O和/或S。
本文所述的芳香基团、芳香族基团或芳族基团指至少包含一个芳环的烃基，包括单环基团和多环的环系统。杂芳香族基团或杂芳族基团指包含至少一个杂芳环的烃基(含有杂原子)，包括单环基团和多环的环系统。这些多环的环可以具有两个或多个环，其中两个碳原子被两个相邻的环共用，即稠环。多环的这些环种，至少一个是芳族的或杂芳族的。对于本实施方式，芳香族基团或杂芳香族基团不仅包括芳香基或杂芳香基的体系，而且，其中多个芳基或杂芳基也可以被短的非芳族单元间断(＜10％的非H原子，优选小于5％的非H原子，比如C、N或O原子)，因此，比如9，9′-螺二芴，9，9-二芳基芴，三芳胺，二芳基醚等体系的基团，同样属于本实施方式的芳香族基团。
具体地，芳香族的例子有：苯、萘、蒽、菲、二萘嵌苯、并四苯、芘、苯并芘、三亚苯、苊、芴、及相应的衍生物。芳香族基团即芳香族形成的基团，以下杂芳香族基团及非芳香族环系基团的定义同理。
杂芳香族的例子有：呋喃、苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、吡咯、吡唑、三唑、咪唑、噁唑、噁二唑、噻唑、四唑、吲哚、咔唑、吡咯并咪唑、吡咯并吡咯、噻吩并吡咯、噻吩并噻吩、呋喃并吡咯、呋喃并呋喃、噻吩并呋喃、苯并异噁唑、苯并异噻唑、苯并咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、嘧啶、三嗪、喹啉、异喹啉、邻二氮萘、喹喔啉、菲啶、伯啶、喹唑啉、喹唑啉酮、及相应的衍生物。
优选的芳基或者杂芳基团选自苯、萘、菲、吡啶、嵌二萘或噻吩的基团。
本实施方式的增溶性结构单元SG，其中L1、Ar1、Ar2或Ar3可选于如下基团中的一种：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000033
其中，X1是CR5或N；Y1是CR6R7、SiR8R9、NR10、C(＝O)、S或O；
R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10分别独立地选自下列基团中的一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基(-CN)，氨基甲酰基(-C(＝O)NH2)，卤甲酰基(-C(＝O)-X其中X代表卤素原子)，甲酰基(-C(＝O)-H)，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳香族基团或杂芳族基团，或具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基，或上述基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团R5，R6，R7，R8，R9，R10可以彼此和/或与相应基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环。
优选的，L1、Ar1、Ar2及Ar3分别独立的选自如下基团中的一种：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000034
在一个较为优选的实施例中，增溶性结构单元SG的通式是
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000035
在另一个较为优选的实施例中，Ar1、Ar2及Ar3可以各自相同或不同的选自苯基或奈基。
在部分更为优选的实施例中，如上所述的增溶性结构单元SG选自如下结构通式：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000038
其中，R2，R3及R4分别独立地选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团；
m是0、1、2、3、4或5；n及o各自独立地是0、1、2、3、4、5、6或7。
基团R2，R3，R4特别优选是代表氢(m、n和o＝0)，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基或烷氧基，或具有3-20个碳原子的支链的烷基或烷氧基。
在一些特别优选的实施例中，如上所述的增溶性结构单元SG选自但不限制于以下结构：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000041
L1特别优选选自以下结构：
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000043
在SG-01至SG-27的结构中，进一步优选的，R1，R2，R3，R4分别在每次出现时彼此独立地选自F，Cl，Br，I，N(Ar)2，CN，NO2，Si(R’)3，B(OR’)2，C(＝O)Ar，C(＝O)R’，P(＝O)(Ar)2，P(＝O)(R’)2，S(＝O)Ar，S(＝O)R’，S(＝O)2Ar，S(＝O)2R’，-CR’＝CR’Ar，OSO2R’，具有1-40个碳原子，优选1-20个碳原子的直链烷基，烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，或具有3-40个碳原子，优选3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基。这些基团均可被一个或多个基团R’取代；其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被R’C＝CR’、C≡C、Si(R’)2、Ge(R’)2、Sn(R’)2、C＝O、C＝S、C＝Se、C＝NR’、P(＝O)(R’)、SO、SO2、NR’、O、S或CONR’代替；并且其中一个或多个H原子可被F，Cl，Br，I，CN或NO2代替；可交联的基团，或具有5-60个环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系，它们在每种情况下可以被一个或多个基团R’取代，或具有5-60个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基，它们可被一个或多个基团R’取代或这些体系的组合，其中两个或更多个取代基R也可以彼此之间形成单或多环的脂族或芳族环系。R’在每种情况下彼此独立地是H，或具有1-20个碳原子的脂族或芳族烃基团，和Ar是具有2-30个碳原子的芳基或杂芳基。
此外，本实施方式中单独的H原子或CH2基团可被上述提到的基团或基团R取代的具有1-40个碳原子的烷基，优选选自以下的基团：甲基，乙基，正丙基，异丙基，环丙基，正丁基，异丁基，仲丁基，叔丁基，环丁基，甲基丁基，正戊基，仲戊基，环戊基，正己基，环己基，正庚基，环庚基，正辛基，环辛基，乙基己基，三氟甲基，五氟乙基，三氟乙基，乙烯基，丙烯基，丁烯基，戊烯基，环戊烯基，己烯基，环己烯基，庚烯基，环庚烯基，辛烯基，环辛烯基，乙炔基，丙炔基，丁炔基，戊炔基，己炔基和辛炔基。具有1-40个碳原子的烷氧基是指甲氧基，三氟甲氧基，乙氧基，正丙氧基，异丙氧基，正丁氧基，异丁氧基，仲丁氧基，叔丁氧基或甲基丁氧基。
本实施方式的有机功能化合物中SP3杂化的基团的总量不超过总分子量的30％，更好是不超过20％，最好是不超过10％。较少的SP3杂化基团的存在能够有效保证化合物的热稳定性，进而保证器件的稳定性。
本实施方式的有机功能化合物中结构单元F和结构单元SG的重量比从2∶1到1∶20，优选在1∶1到1∶5范围内，特别优选在1∶1至1∶3的范围内。
以下列出了一些本实施方式所述的有机功能化合物例子。
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000045
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000049
本实施方式的有机功能化合物的合成方法是使用含有活性基团的原料进行反应。这些活性原料包含上述通式的结构单元F和SG和在每种情况下的至少一种离子基团，例如，溴，碘，硼酸或硼酸酯。形成C-C连接的适当的反应是本领域技术人员熟知的并描述于文献中，特别适当和优选的偶联反应是SUZUKI，STILLE和HECK偶联反应。
本实施方式还提供了一种用于制备有机电子器件的组合物，其含有有机溶剂及上述有机功能化合物。
优选的，在组合物中，有机功能化合物可作为主体材料。
优选的，该组合物进一步包含一发光体。
在一个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物包含有一种主体材料和一种单重态发光体。
在另一个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物包含有一种主体材料和一种三重态发光体。
在另一个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物包含有一种主体材料和一种热激活延迟荧光发光材料。
在另一些优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物包含有一种空穴传输材料(HTM)，更加优选的，所述的HTM包含有一可交联基团。
本实施方式的组合物是溶液或者悬浮液。
本实施方式的组合物中可以包括0.01至20wt％的有机功能化合物，较好的是0.1至15wt％，更好的是0.2至10wt％，最好的是0.25至5wt％的有机功能化合物。
本实施方式的组合物中所述有机溶剂选自芳族或杂芳族、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、脂环族或烯烃类化合物，或硼酸酯或磷酸酯等无机酯类化合物，或两种及两种以上有机溶剂的混合物。优选的，该组合物中包含至少50wt％的芳族或杂芳族溶剂；进一步优选至少80wt％的芳族或杂芳族溶剂；特别优选至少90wt％的芳族或杂芳族溶剂。
按照本实施方式的基于芳族或杂芳族溶剂的例子有但不限于：1-四氢萘酮、3-苯氧基甲苯、苯乙酮、1-甲氧基萘、对二异丙基苯、戊苯、四氢萘、环己基苯、氯萘、1，4-二甲基萘、3-异丙基联苯、对甲基异丙苯、二戊苯、邻二乙苯、间二乙苯、对二乙苯、1，2，3，4-四甲苯、1，2，3，5-四甲苯、1，2，4，5-四甲苯、丁苯、十二烷基苯、1-甲基萘、1，2，4-三氯苯、1，3-二丙氧基苯、4，4-二氟二苯甲烷、二苯醚、1，2-二甲氧基-4-(1-丙烯基)苯、二苯甲烷、2-苯基吡啶、3-苯基吡啶、2-苯氧基甲醚、2-苯氧基四氢呋喃、乙基-2-萘基醚、N-甲基二苯胺、4-异丙基联苯、α，α-二氯二苯甲烷、4-(3-苯基丙基)吡啶、苯甲酸苄酯、1，1-双(3，4-二甲基苯基)乙烷、2-异丙基萘、二苄醚等。
优选的有机溶剂是脂肪族、脂环族或芳烃族，胺，硫醇，酰胺，腈，酯，醚，聚醚，醇，二醇或多元醇。醇代表适当类别的溶剂。优选的醇包括烷基环己醇，特别是甲基化的脂肪族醇，萘酚等。
有机溶剂还可以是环烷烃，例如十氢化萘。
有机溶剂可以是单独使用，也可以是作为两种或多种有机溶剂的混合物使用。
在某些实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物，除包含有一种如上所述的有机功能化合物及至少一种有机溶剂，还可进一步包含另一种有机溶剂，另一种有机溶剂的例子包括但不限于：甲醇、乙醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、氯苯、邻二氯苯、四氢呋喃、苯甲醚、吗啉、甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、1，4二氧杂环己烷、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、1，2二氯乙烷、3-苯氧基甲苯、1，1，1-三氯乙烷、1，1，2，2-四氯乙烷、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、四氢萘、萘烷、茚和/或它们的混合物。
特别适合本实施方式的有机溶剂是汉森(Hansen)溶解度参数在以下范围内的溶剂：
δd(色散力)在17.0-23.2MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在18.5-21.0MPa1/2的范围；
δp(极性力)在0.2-12.5MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在2.0-6.0MPa1/2的范围；
δh(氢键力)在0.9-14.2MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在2.0-6.0MPa1/2的范围。
按照本实施方式的组合物，其中有机溶剂在选取时需考虑其沸点参数。本实施方式中，所述的有机溶剂的沸点≥150℃；优选为≥180℃；较优选为≥200℃；更优为≥250℃；最优为≥275℃或≥300℃。这些范围内的沸点对防止喷墨印刷头的喷嘴堵塞是有益的。所述的有机溶剂可从溶剂体系中蒸发，以形成包含功能材料薄膜。
按照本实施方式的组合物，满足如下粘度和表面张力要求：
1)其粘度在25℃下，在1cPs到100cPs范围；
2)其表面张力在25℃下，在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围。
按照本实施方式的组合物，其中有机溶剂在选取时需考虑其表面张力参数。合适的油墨表面张力参数适合于特定的基板和特定的印刷方法。例如对喷墨印刷，在一个优选的实施例中，所述的有机溶剂在25℃下的表面张力约在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围；更优为在22dyne/cm到35dyne/cm范围；最优为在25dyne/cm到33dyne/cm范围。
在一个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的油墨在25℃下的表面张力约在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围；更好是在22dyne/cm到35dyne/cm范围；最好是在25dyne/cm到33dyne/cm范围。
按照本实施方式的组合物，其中有机溶剂在选取时需考虑其油墨的粘度参数。粘度可以通过不同的方法调节，如通过合适的有机溶剂的选取和油墨中功能材料的浓度。在一个优选的实施例中，所述的有机溶剂的粘度低于100cps；更优为低于50cps；最优为1.5到20cps。这里的粘度是指在印刷时的环境温度下的粘度，一般在15-30℃，较好的是18-28℃，更好是20-25℃， 最好是23-25℃。如此配制的组合物将特别适合于喷墨印刷。
在一个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的组合物，在25℃下的粘度约在1cps到100cps范围；更好是在1cps到50cps范围；最好是在1.5cps到20cps范围。
满足上述沸点及表面张力参数及粘度参数的有机溶剂获得的油墨能够形成具有均匀厚度及组成性质的功能材料薄膜。
本实施方式还涉及所述组合物作为印刷油墨在制备有机电子器件时的用途，特别优选的是通过打印或涂布的制备方法。
其中，适合的打印或涂布技术包括但不限于：喷墨打印，活版印刷，丝网印刷，浸涂，旋转涂布，刮刀涂布，辊筒印花，扭转辊印刷，平版印刷，柔版印刷，轮转印刷，喷涂，刷涂或移印，狭缝型挤压式涂布等。首选的是凹版印刷，丝网印刷及喷墨印刷。溶液或悬浮液可以另外包括一个或多个组份，例如表面活性化合物，润滑剂，润湿剂，分散剂，疏水剂，粘接剂等，用于调节粘度，成膜性能，提高附着性等。
如上所述的制备方法，在基板上形成一功能层，其厚度控制在5nm-1000nm。
本实施方式还提供了一种混合物，其包含有一种按照本实施方式的有机功能化合物或组合物，及至少另一种的有机功能材料。另一种的有机功能材料可选于空穴(也称电洞)注入材料(HIM)、空穴传输材料(HTM)、空穴阻挡材料(HBM)、电子注入材料(EIM)、电子传输材料(ETM)、电子阻挡材料(EBM)、有机基质材料(Host)、单重态发光体(荧光发光体)、三重态发光体(磷光发光体)、热激发延迟荧光材料(TADF材料)或有机染料。
本实施方式进一步涉及一种有机电子器件，至少包含一种按照本实施方式的有机功能化合物，或至少包含一功能层，其是使用按照本实施方式的组合物制备而成。该有机电子器件至少包含一个阴极，一个阳极及位于阴极和阳极之间的一个功能层，其中所述的功能层中至少包含一种如上所述的有机功能化合物。
所述有机电子器件，较为优选为有机发光二极管(OLED)、有机光伏电池(OPV)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机场效应管(OFET)、有机发光场效应管、有机激光器、有机自旋电子器件、有机传感器或有机等离激元发射二极管(Organic Plasmon Emitting Diode)。
在一个更为优选的实施例中，以上所述的有机电子器件是电致发光器件，特别是OLED，其结构如图1所示中，包括一基片101，一阳极102，至少一发光层104以及一阴极106。
基片101可以是不透明或透明。一个透明的基板可以用来制造一个透明的发光元器件。基片101可以是刚性的或弹性的。基片101可以是塑料，金属，半导体晶片或玻璃。最好是基片101有一个平滑的表面。无表面缺陷的基板是特别理想的选择。在一个优选的实施例中，基片101是柔性的，可选于聚合物薄膜或塑料，其玻璃化温度Tg为150℃以上，较好是超过200℃，更好是超过250℃，最好是超过300℃。合适的柔性基板的例子有聚(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)(即PET)和聚乙二醇(2，6-萘)(即PEN)。
阳极102可包括一导电金属或金属氧化物，或导电聚合物。阳极102可以容易地注入空穴到空穴注入层(HIL)或空穴传输层(HTL)或发光层中。在一个的实施例中，阳极102的功函数和发光层中的发光体或作为HIL或HTL或电子阻挡层(EBL)的p型半导体材料的HOMO能级或价带能级的差的绝对值小于0.5eV，较好是小于0.3eV，最好是小于0.2eV。阳极102的材料例子包括但不限于：Al、Cu、Au、Ag、Mg、Fe、Co、Ni、Mn、Pd、Pt、ITO、铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)等。其他合适的阳极102是已知的，本领域普通技术人员可容易地选择使用。阳极102可以使用任何合适的技术沉积，如一合适的物理气相沉积法，包括射频磁控溅射，真空热蒸发，电子束(e-beam)等。在某些实施例中，阳极102是图案结构化的。图案化的ITO导电基板可在市场上买到，并且可以用来制备根据本实施方式的器件。
阴极106可包括一导电金属或金属氧化物。阴极106可以容易地注入电子到EIL或ETL或直接到发光层中。在一个的实施例中，阴极106的功函数和发光层中发光体或作为电子注入层(EIL)或电子传输层(ETL)或空穴阻挡层(HBL)的n型半导体材料的LUMO能级或导带能级的差的绝对值小于0.5eV，较好是小于0.3eV，最好是小于0.2eV。原则上，所有可用作OLED的阴极106的材料都可能作为本实施方式器件的阴极106材料。阴极106材料的例子包括但不 限于：Al、Au、Ag、Ca、Ba、Mg、LiF/Al、MgAg合金、BaF2/Al、Cu、Fe、Co、Ni、Mn、Pd、Pt、ITO等。阴极106材料可以使用任何合适的技术沉积，如一合适的物理气相沉积法，包括射频磁控溅射，真空热蒸发，电子束(e-beam)等。
OLED还可以包含其他功能层，如空穴注入层(HIL)或空穴传输层(HTL)103、电子阻挡层(EBL)、电子注入层(EIL)或电子传输层(ETL)105、空穴阻挡层(HBL)。
在一较为个优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的有机电致发光器件中，其空穴注入层(HIL)或空穴传输层(HTL)103是通过打印本实施方式的组合物制备而成。
在某些实施例中，按照本实施方式的发光器件中，其电子注入层(EIL)或电子传输层(ETL)105是通过打印本实施方式的组合物制备而成。
在一个较为优选的实施例中，按照本实施方式的发光器件中，其发光层(104)是通过打印本实施方式的组合物制备而成。
按照本实施方式的电致发光器件，其发光波长在300到1000nm之间，较好的是在350到900nm之间，更好的是在400到800nm之间。
本实施方式还涉及按照本实施方式的有机电子器件在各种电子设备中的应用，包括但不限于，显示设备，照明设备，光源，传感器等。
下面将结合优选实施例对本实施方式进行详细说明。
实施例1：化合物1的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000050
将11.5g(0.029mol)3-(4-溴苯基)-9-苯基-9H-咔唑(3-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole)、10.5g(0.029mol)N-([1，1′-联苯基]-4-yl)-9，9-二甲基-9H-芴酮-2-胺(N-([1，1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9，9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)、1.5g Pd(dba)2及8.6g(0.087mol)叔丁醇钠依次加入到200ml甲苯中，90℃反应过夜，质谱显示反应完全，反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷提取2次旋干，经层析柱得到12.9g白色固体中间体1，产率为64％。
将32g(0.063mol)2-([1，2′：7′，1″-ternaphthalen]-1′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane溶于500ml甲苯中，依次加入15g二溴苯(0.063mol)、1g四三苯基膦钯、20g碳酸钾(0.147mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到13.5g固体中间体2， 产率40％。
将13.5g(0.025mol)中间体2溶于200ml二氧六环中，加入6g频哪醇频哪脂(0.035mol)、0.7g四三苯基膦钯、26.8g碳酸钾(0.19mol)、100ml水、200ml乙醇，加完后升温到105℃，反应6小时后TLC板反应完全，反应液加入到500ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干得到粗品，经层析柱得10.3g白色固体中间体3，产率70.8％。
将12.9g(0.0186mol)中间体1溶于50ml DMF中，加入4.1g NBS(0.023mol)，室温搅拌1.5小时，加入200ml水，抽滤得13.7g(产率95％)产品为中间体4。
室温下依次将10.3g(0.018mol)中间体3和13.7g(0.018mol)中间体4溶于300ml甲苯中，依次加入1.2g四三苯基膦钯、10g碳酸钾(0.74mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到13g固体化合物1，产率为65％。
实施例2：化合物2的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000051
室温下依次将35.6g(0.1mol)2-([1，1′：3′，1″-terphenyl]-5′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane和22g(0.07mol)三溴苯溶于300ml甲苯中，依次3.2g四三苯基膦钯、58g碳酸钾(0.44mol)、100ml水、100ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到13g固体中间体5，产率为40％。
室温下依次将4.61g(0.01mol)中间体5和3.5g(0.007mol)2-([1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalen]-4′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane溶于100ml甲苯中，依次0.4g四三苯基膦钯、5.8g碳酸钾(0.044mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到2.5g固体中间体6，产率为50％。
将2.5g(0.0035mol)中间体6溶于100ml二氧六环中，加入1g频哪醇频哪脂(0.006mol)、0.7g四三苯基膦钯、1.8g碳酸钾(0.014mol)、50ml水、50ml乙醇，加毕升温到105℃，反应6小时后TLC板反应完全，反应液加入到100ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干得到粗品，经层析柱得1.9g白色固体中间体7，产率70％。
室温下依次将13.8g(0.018mol)中间体7和13.7g(0.018mol)中间体4溶于300ml甲苯中，依次1.2g四三苯基膦钯、9.7g碳酸钾(0.074mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到12g固体化合物2，产率为65％。
实施例3：化合物3的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000052
室温下依次将43g(0.1mol)2-([1，1′：3′，1″-terphenyl]-5′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane和19.8g(0.07mol)1，4-dibromonaphthalene溶于300ml甲苯中，依次四三苯基膦钯3.2g、碳酸钾58g(0.44mol)、水100ml、乙醇100ml，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到21.3g固体中间体8，产率42％。
室温下依次将5g(0.01mol)中间体8溶于100ml无水四氢呋喃中，降温到-78度，缓慢滴加丁基锂4.4ml，滴毕保温1小时，加入硼酸酯三乙脂2.5g(0.017mol)，自然升温到室温反应10小时，TLC板显示反应完全。加入2NHcl搅拌2小时，将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，乙醚重结晶得到3.8g中间体9，产率为80％。
室温下依次将47.7g(0.1mol)中间体9和28g(0.1mol)邻溴碘苯溶于300ml甲苯中，依次四三苯基膦钯5.2g、碳酸钾58g(0.44mol)、水100ml、乙醇100ml，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到41g固体中间体10，产率为70％。
室温下依次将6g(0.01mol)中间体10溶于100ml无水四氢呋喃中，降温到-78℃，缓慢滴加丁基锂4.4ml，滴毕保温1小时，加入硼酸酯三乙脂2.5g(0.017mol)，自然升温到室温反应10小时，TLC板显示反应完全。加入2NHcl搅拌2小时，将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，乙醚重结晶得到3.3g中间体11，产率为60％。
室温下依次将27.5g(0.05mol)中间体11和25g(0.05mol)中间体2溶于300ml甲苯中，依次四三苯基膦钯6.2g、碳酸钾29g(0.22mol)、水100ml、乙醇100ml，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到26g固体化合物3，产率为60％)。
实施例4：化合物4的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000053
室温下依次将10.3g(0.018mol)2-([1，2′：7′，1″-ternaphthalen]-1′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane和13.7g(0.018mol)中间体10溶于300ml甲苯中，依次1.2g四三苯基膦钯、10g碳酸钾(0.74mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到13g固体化合物4，产率为65％。
实施例5：化合物5的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000054
将8.2g(0.037mol)anthracen-9-ylboronic acid、12.6g(0.031mol)1，1′-(5-bromo-1，3-phenylene)dinaphthalene、1.2g四三苯基膦钯、17g碳酸钾(0.124mol)溶于200ml二氧六环和50ml水中，95℃反应4小时，把反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷提取两次，合并有机相，干燥，旋干，经层析柱得到10.5g固体中间体12，产率为67％。
将10.5g(0.021mol)中间体12溶于50ml DMF中，加入4.1g NBS(0.023mol)，室温搅拌1.5小时，加入200ml水，抽滤得11.5g中间体13，产率为95％。
将11.5g(0.02mol)中间体13、11.6g(0.02mol)2-(3-([1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalen]-4′-yl)phenyl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane、1g四三苯基膦钯、13g碳酸钾(0.095mol)溶于200ml二氧六环和50ml水中，加热到95℃反应3小时，点板显示反应完全。将反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷萃取两次，合并有机相，干燥，旋干，经层析柱得到12.6g白色产品为化合物5，产率为66％。
实施例6：化合物6的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000055
将2-([1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalen]-4′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane 46g(0.092mol)溶于500ml甲苯中，依次加入11.4g三溴苯(0.037mol)、1.8g四三苯基膦钯、20g碳酸钾(0.147mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后二氯甲烷提取三次后有机相干燥浓缩的粗品，经层析柱得到13.4g固体中间体14，产率为40％。
将13.4g(0.0147mol)中间体14和5.1g(0.0147mol)(10-(naphthalen-1-yl)anthracen-9-yl)boronic acid、1g四三苯基膦钯、8.1g碳酸钾(0.06mol)溶于200ml二氧六环和50ml水中，加热到95℃反应3小时，点板显示反应完全。将反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷萃取两次，合并有机相，干燥，旋干，经层析柱得到12g白色产品为化合物6，产率为72％。
实施例7：化合物7的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000056
室温下依次将三溴苯53.7g(0.171mol)、naphthalen-1-ylboronic acid 29.5g(0.171mol)加入到有500ml二氧六环的两口瓶中，将94.5g K2CO3(0.684mol)溶入到300ml水中，加入到上述体系中，然后加入2g Pd(pph3)4，氮气置换三次后，升温至80℃反应2.5小时，TLC板检测反应完全。冷却至室温，加入二氯甲烷，水洗后，旋干，经层析柱得34.8g固体，产率为56％。
室温下依次将34.8g(0.096mol)上述得到的固体、48g(0.096mol)2-([1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalen]-4′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane溶于500ml甲苯中，依次加入1.8g四三苯基膦钯、20g碳酸钾(0.147mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到21g固体中间体15，产率为33％。
室温下依次将21g(0.032mol)中间体15，和6.2g(0.014mol)9，10-bis(4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)anthracene溶于300ml甲苯中，依次1.8g四三苯基膦钯、20g碳酸钾(0.147mol)、60ml水、60ml乙醇，加热到110℃反应15小时，TLC板显示反应完全。将反应液加入到水中后用二氯甲烷提取三次，然后有机相干燥浓缩得到粗品，经层析柱得到10.4g固体化合物7，产率为54％。
实施例8：化合物8的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000057
室温下依次将51g(0.1mol)1，6-dibromo-3，8-diphenylpyrene、14.3g(0.07mol)苯硼酸加入到有500ml二氧六环的两口瓶中，将90g K2CO3(0.684mol)溶入到300ml水中，加入到上述体系中，然后加入7g Pd(pph3)4，氮气置换三次后，升温至80℃反应2.5小时，TLC板检测反应完全。冷却至室温，加入二氯甲烷，水洗后，旋干，经层析柱得20g固体中间体16，产率为56％。
将25.4g(0.05mol)中间体16溶于500ml二氧六环中，加入21g频哪醇频哪脂(0.085mol)、3.7g四三苯基膦钯、26g碳酸钾(0.2mol)、100ml水、100ml乙醇，加毕升温到105℃，反应6小时后TLC板反应完全，反应液加入到100ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥 旋干得到粗品，经层析柱得16.7g白色固体中间体17，产率为70％。
室温下依次将5.6g中间体17(0.01mol)、2.8g邻溴碘苯(0.01mol)加入到有100ml二氧六环的两口瓶中，将K2CO39g(0.0684mol)溶入到50ml水中，加入到上述体系中，然后加入1g Pd(pph3)4，氮气置换三次后，升温至80℃反应2.5小时，TLC板检测反应完全。冷却至室温，加入二氯甲烷，水洗后，旋干，经层析柱得4.1g固体中间体18，产率为70％。
室温下依次将11.7g中间体18(0.02mol)、2-([1，2′：7′，1″-ternaphthalen]-1′-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane10g(0.02mol)加入到有500ml二氧六环的两口瓶中，将90g K2CO3(0.684mol)溶入到300ml水中，加入到上述体系中，然后加入2g Pd(pph3)4，氮气置换三次后，升温至80℃反应2.5小时，TLC板检测反应完全。冷却至室温，加入二氯甲烷，水洗后，旋干，经层析柱得11.3g固体化合物8，产率为64％。
实施例9：化合物9的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000058
在0℃下将10.8g(0.038mol)11，11-dimethyl-4a，5，11，12b-tetrahydroindeno[1，2-b]carbazole溶于40ml DMF中，1.9g钠氢(0.050mol)分批加入，保温30分钟后把10.74g(0.038mol)3-(4-chloro-6-phenyl-1，3，5-triazin-2-yl)phenol分批加入，室温反应1小时后将该体系倒入水中，二氯甲烷提取两次后干燥旋干，经层析柱得到12.3g中间体19，产率为61％。
将12.3g中间体19溶解到100ml二氯甲烷中降到0℃，缓慢滴加三氟甲黄酸酐，滴毕保温30分钟，反应液倒入水中，分液，有机相干燥旋干得到固体17g。
将9.6g(0.0189mol)1′-bromo-1，2′：7′，1″-ternaphthalene溶于THF中，加入PdCl2(dppf)和3g LiBr，降到0℃后上步得到的17g固体的THF溶液缓慢滴加到该体系中，滴毕升温到室温过夜。把反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷萃取，干燥旋干，经层析柱得到12g最终产品化合物9，产率为57.9％。
实施例10：化合物10的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000059
将20.3g(0.024mol)中间体7溶于100ml二氧六环中，加入5-(4-bromo-6-phenyl-1，3，5-triazin-2-yl)-7，7-dimethyl-4a，5，5a，7-tetrahydroindeno[2，1-b]carbazole 13g(0.024mol)、1.3g四三苯基膦钯(0.0017mol)、8.9g碳酸钾(0.6mol)、50ml水、50ml乙醇，加毕升温到105℃，反应12小时后TLC板显示反应完全，反应液加入到200ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干的粗品，经层析柱得14g白色固体化合物10，产率为52％。
实施例11：化合物11的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000060
在0℃下将19g(0.05mol)2-bromo-7，7-dimethyl-4a，5，5a，7-tetrahydroindeno[2，1-b]carbazole溶于40ml DMF中，钠氢1.9g(0.050mol)分批加入，保温30分钟后把2-chloro-4，6-diphenyl-1，3，5-triazine 14g(0.05mol)分批加入，室温反应1小时后将该体系倒入水中，二氯甲烷提取两次后干燥旋干，经层析柱得到18.6g中间体20，产率为61％。
将18.6g(0.031mol)中间体20溶于500ml二氧六环中，加入20g(0.031mol)2-(5-([1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalen]-4′-yl)-[1，1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4，4，5，5-tetramethyl-1，3，2-dioxaborolane、2.3g四三苯基膦钯、20g碳酸钾(0.155mol)、100ml水、100ml乙醇，加毕升温到105℃，反应12小时后TLC板显示反应完全，反应液加入到200ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干的粗品，经层析柱得18g白色固体化合物11，产率为56％。
实施例12：化合物12的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000061
将20g(0.0156mol)中间体21溶于500ml二氧六环中，加入28.7g4′-bromo-1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalene(0.0624mol)、2.6g醋酸钯、28g磷酸钾(0.136mol)、8g三邻甲基苯基磷、100ml水、200ml甲苯，加毕升温到115℃，反应24小时后TLC板显示反应完全，反应液加入到500ml水中，二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干的粗品，经层析柱得16g白色固体化合物12，产率为80％。
实施例13：化合物13的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000062
将23.1g(0.0195mol)中间体22溶于300ml二氧六环中，加入31.2g(0.06mol)4′-(3-bromophenyl)-1，1′：8′，1″-ternaphthalene，2g醋酸钯，34g磷酸钾(0.16mol)，8g三邻甲基苯基磷，450ml水，300ml甲苯，加毕升温到115℃，反应24小时后TLC板显示反应完全，反应液用二氯甲烷提取三次，合并有机相，干燥旋干的粗品，经层析柱得20g白色固体化合物13，产率为70％。
实施例14：化合物14的合成
Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-000063
在0℃下将28g(0.085mol)5-phenyl-4a，5，11，12b-tetrahydroindolo[3，2-b]carbazole溶于150ml DMF中，钠氢3.4g(0.085mol)分批加入，保温30分钟后把24g 3-(4-chloro-6-phenyl-1，3，5-triazin-2-yl)phenol(0.085mol)分批加入，室温反应1小时后将该体系倒入水中，二氯甲烷提取两次后干燥旋干，经层析柱得到27.6g中间体23，产率为56％。
将27.6g中间体23溶解到100ml二氯甲烷中降到0℃，缓慢滴加三氟甲黄酸酐，滴毕保温30分钟，反应液倒入水中，分液，有机相干燥旋干得到固体。
将1′-bromo-1，2′：7′，1″-ternaphthalene 21.7g(0.0473mol)溶于THF中，加入PdCl2(dppf)和8g LiBr，降到0℃后将上步得到的固体的THF溶液缓慢滴加到该体系中，滴毕升温到室温过夜。把反应液倒入水中，二氯甲烷萃取，干燥旋干，经层析柱得到15.6g化合物14，产率为35％。
实施例15：有机组合物的制备
在小瓶内放入搅拌子，清洗干净后转移至手套箱中。在小瓶中配制9.8g 3-苯氧基甲苯溶剂。在手套箱中称取0.19g化合物6和0.01g化合物8，加到小瓶中的溶剂体系中，搅拌混合。在60℃温度下搅拌直至有机混合物完全溶解后，冷却至室温。将得到的有机混合物溶液经0.2μm PTFE滤膜过滤。密封并保存
有机组合物的粘度由DV-I Prime Brookfield流变仪测试；有机组合物的表面张力由SITA气泡压力张力仪测试。
经上述测试，得到的有机组合物的粘度为6.4±0.5cPs，表面张力为34.1±0.5dyne/cm。
实施例16：OLED器件的制备：
具有ITO/HIL(50nm)/HTL(35nm)/EML(95wt％化合物6：5wt％化合物8)(25nm)/ETL(28nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(150nm)/阴极的OLED器件的制备步骤如下：
a、导电玻璃基片的清洗：首次使用时，可用多种溶剂进行清洗，例如氯仿、酮、异丙醇进行清洗，然后进行紫外臭氧等离子处理；
b、HIL(50nm)，HTL(35nm)，ETL(28nm)：在高真空(1×10-6毫巴(mbar))中热蒸镀而成；EML(25nm)：溶液旋涂而成。
c、阴极：LiF/Al(1nm/150nm)在高真空(1×10-6毫巴)中热蒸镀而成；
d、封装：器件在氮气手套箱中用紫外线硬化树脂封装。
各OLED器件的电流电压(J-V)特性通过表征设备来表征，同时记录重要的参数如效率，寿命及外部量子效率。经检测，所制备蓝光器件的色坐标为(0.149，0.083)，发光效率为6.7cd/A，500nits下的半寿命为10000小时。
上述用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物包含有有机功能结构单元和增溶性结构单 元，具有好的溶解性和成膜性，同时，该有机功能化合物很好的维持了其功能结构单元在器件中的性能。该有机功能化合物及含有该有机功能化合物的组合物和混合物等具有较好的印刷性及成膜性能，便于通过溶液加工，特别是印刷工艺，实现高性能的小分子有机电子器件，特别是有机电致发光器件，从而提供了一种成本低、高效率的制造技术方案。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于制备电子器件的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，结构通式是
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100001
    其中，F为有机功能结构单元，SG为增溶性结构单元，k是1-10的整数；当k大于1时，多个SG相同或不同；
    所述增溶性结构单元SG的结构通式是
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100002
    其中，L1、Ar1及Ar2分别独立地选自芳基或杂芳基团；p是0-3的整数，q是0-4的整数，且p+q≥2；
    X是N或CR1，且相邻的X不同时为N，与Ar1及Ar2相连的位置的X为C；
    R1选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或这些体系的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能化合物的分子量至少为600g/mol。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能结构单元F选自如下材料形成的基团中的一种：空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、空穴阻挡材料、电子注入材料、电子传输材料、电子阻挡材料、有机基质材料、单重态发光体、三重态发光体、热激活延迟荧光发光材料及有机染料。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述增溶性结构单元SG选自如下结构通式所示基团中的一种：
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100004
    Ar3选自芳基或杂芳基团。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述增溶性结构单元SG选自如下结构通式所示基团中的一种：
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2016103660-appb-100007
    其中，R2，R3及R4分别独立地选自如下基团中的至少一种：H，D，具有1-20个碳原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，具有3-20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基，甲硅烷基，具有1-20个碳原子的取代的酮基，具有2-20个碳原子的烷氧基羰基，具有7-20个碳原子的芳氧基羰基，氰基，氨基甲酰基，卤甲酰基，甲酰基，异氰基，异氰酸酯基团，硫氰酸酯基团，异硫氰酸酯基团，羟基，硝基，CF3，Cl，Br，F，可交联的基团，具有5-40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，以及具有5-40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或这些体系的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系；
    m是0、1、2、3、4或5；n及o各自独立地是0、1、2、3、4、5、6或7。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能化合物中SP3杂化的基团的总量不超过总分子量的30％。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能化合物的玻璃化温度不小于100℃。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的有机功能化合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能结构单元F和增溶性结构单元SG的重量比为(2∶1)-(1∶20)。
  9. 一种用于制备有机电子器件的组合物，其特征在于，包括有机溶剂以及如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的有机功能化合物。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述有机功能化合物是主体材料。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物还包括发光体材料。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述有机溶剂选自芳族或杂芳族、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、脂环族或烯烃类化合物，以及无机酯类化合物中的至少 一种。
  13. 如权利要求9-12中任一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，在25℃下，所述组合物的粘度在1cPs到100cPs范围内；和/或
    在25℃下，所述组合物的表面张力在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围内。
  14. 一种用于制备有机电子器件的混合物，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的有机功能化合物及另一种有机功能材料，所述另一种有机功能材料选自空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、空穴阻挡材料、电子注入材料、电子传输材料、电子阻挡材料、有机基质材料、单重态发光体、三重态发光体、热激发延迟荧光材料及有机染料中的一种。
  15. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的有机功能化合物、如权利要求9-13中任一项所述的组合物或如权利要求14所述的混合物在制备有机电子器件中的应用。
  16. 一种有机电子器件，其特征在于，含有如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的有机功能化合物、如权利要求9-13中任一项所述的组合物或如权利要求14所述的混合物。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的有机电子器件，其特征在于，所述有机电子器件为有机发光二极管、有机光伏电池、有机发光电池、有机场效应管、有机发光场效应管、有机激光器，有机自旋电子器件，有机传感器或有机等离激元发射二极管。
  18. 一种有机电子器件的制备方法，其特征在于，将如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的有机功能化合物、如权利要求9-13中任一项所述的组合物或如权利要求14所述的混合物用印刷或涂布的方法涂布于一基板上形成一功能层。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的有机电子器件的制备方法，其特征在于，所述印刷或涂布的方法是喷墨打印、喷印、活版印刷、丝网印刷、浸涂、旋转涂布、刮刀涂布、辊筒印花、扭转辊印刷、版印刷、柔版印刷、轮转印刷、喷涂、刷涂、移印、或狭缝型挤压式涂布。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的有机电子器件的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功能层的厚度在5nm-1000nm。
PCT/CN2016/103660 2016-01-07 2016-10-28 用于制备有机电子器件的有机功能化合物及其应用 WO2017118174A1 (zh)

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CN109792000B (zh) 2016-12-22 2021-04-20 广州华睿光电材料有限公司 有机功能化合物、混合物、组合物、有机功能薄膜及其制备方法和有机电子器件
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