WO2017098698A1 - 液幕除塵装置および排煙脱硫装置 - Google Patents
液幕除塵装置および排煙脱硫装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017098698A1 WO2017098698A1 PCT/JP2016/004999 JP2016004999W WO2017098698A1 WO 2017098698 A1 WO2017098698 A1 WO 2017098698A1 JP 2016004999 W JP2016004999 W JP 2016004999W WO 2017098698 A1 WO2017098698 A1 WO 2017098698A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
- B01D47/022—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by using a liquid curtain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
- B01D45/10—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators which are wetted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/504—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
- B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
- B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
- B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2247/00—Details relating to the separation of dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D2247/04—Regenerating the washing fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
- B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid screen dust removal device and a flue gas desulfurization device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a liquid screen dust removing device that removes dust in a gas using a liquid screen, and a wet flue gas desulfurization device including the liquid screen dust removing device.
- Electrostatic precipitators for removing dust contained in gas have been introduced at various factories and coal / heavy oil fired boilers.
- the electrostatic precipitator has a high apparatus cost and requires a large installation area to install the apparatus, it is one of the major factors that increase the cost of the dust removal treatment.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a so-called soot separation type flue gas desulfurization apparatus that includes a cooling dust removal tower and a jet bubbling reaction tank and performs flue gas desulfurization and dust removal in a jet bubbling reaction tank. The thing provided with the dust removal apparatus is disclosed.
- the liquid curtain dust removing device described in Patent Document 1 the liquid supplied through the liquid introduction pipe is collided with a liquid dispersion plate having a groove having a predetermined shape and dispersed radially to form a liquid curtain.
- This liquid screen is formed in the flow path of the smoke exhaust, and dust is removed by the dust in the smoke exhaust coming into contact with the liquid screen.
- dust can be removed at a high rate without requiring an electric dust collector.
- the present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid screen dust removal device and a flue gas desulfurization device that are low in cost and excellent in dust removal performance.
- a liquid curtain dust removing apparatus is a liquid curtain dust removing apparatus that is disposed to face an airflow flowing out from a gas discharge pipe and removes dust in the airflow by taking the liquid curtain into the liquid curtain.
- Gas collision means disposed near the center of the gas collision means and upstream of the gas collision means in the flow direction of the airflow, facing the gas collision means.
- a liquid dispersion means having a dispersion portion; and a liquid discharge means having a discharge port facing the dispersion portion and discharging the liquid from the discharge port, the gas collision means and the gas discharge pipe
- a liquid curtain forming means for forming the liquid curtain in the flow path of the airflow formed between, and the dispersion portion is a smooth surface, and is discharged from the discharge port to the dispersion portion.
- the liquid is allowed to flow and disperse on the dispersion portion, and the liquid curtain And characterized by being opposite to the air flow flowing.
- the flue gas desulfurization apparatus is a flue gas desulfurization apparatus that removes the sulfur oxide and dust from the flue gas containing sulfur oxide and dust, the first diaphragm and the first diaphragm.
- the interior of the second chamber is partitioned into a first chamber, a second chamber adjacent to the upper side of the first chamber, and a third chamber adjacent to the upper side of the second chamber.
- the second chamber communicates with the first chamber, and the exhaust gas supplied to the second chamber is absorbed into the absorbing liquid that absorbs the sulfur oxide contained in the first chamber.
- a gas exhaust pipe that communicates between the first and third chambers, the exhaust gas dispersion pipe provided in a dispersible manner, and whose upper end is located above the surface of the second partition plate.
- a liquid curtain dust removing device that is disposed opposite to the ascending airflow flowing out from the gas discharge pipe and removes the dust in the ascending airflow into the liquid curtain, and the liquid curtain dust removing device comprises: It is the liquid curtain dust removing device.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid curtain forming means, which is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 and a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing the configuration of the liquid dispersion means shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a liquid curtain dust removing device according to the present invention.
- the liquid screen dust removing device 50 is disposed so as to face the airflow flowing out from the gas discharge pipe 10 and removes dust in the airflow by taking it into the liquid screen.
- the liquid curtain dust removing device 50 is disposed so as to face the gas discharge pipe 10 that opens vertically upward and generates an updraft, but the present invention is limited to this. It is not a thing. Therefore, the liquid curtain dust removing device of the present invention may be arranged to face the airflow in any direction other than vertically above, but is arranged to face the airflow vertically above or below vertically. Preferably it is.
- the liquid screen dust removing device 50 includes a gas collision plate 26 that is a gas collision means arranged to face the ascending air current, and a flow of the ascending air current formed between the gas collision plate 26 and the gas discharge pipe 10.
- Liquid curtain forming means 40 for forming a liquid curtain on the path.
- Ekimaku forming unit 40 includes a liquid distributor plate 43 having a dispersing section 43a (liquid dispersing means), having a discharge opening 42 formed in opposition to the dispersion unit 43a, for ejecting the cleaning liquid L 2 from the discharge port 42
- a liquid introduction pipe 41 liquid discharge means.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 is disposed to face the gas collision plate 26 in the vicinity of the center of the gas collision plate 26 and on the upstream side of the gas collision plate 26 in the upward airflow direction.
- the gas collision plate 26 in the present embodiment has a dish-like shape in the opposite direction, and receives the airflow rising from the gas discharge pipe 10 on its lower surface (inner surface). At this time, when droplet particles are included in the airflow, the droplet particles adhere to the lower surface of the gas collision plate 26 to form a liquid film. Further, the gas collision plate 26 receives a part of the cleaning liquid L 2 which is dispersed by the liquid inlet pipe 41 and the liquid distribution plate 43 described later at the lower surface, thereby to flow down part of the cleaning liquid L 2 from the tip.
- the overall shape of the gas collision plate 26 is not particularly limited.
- a gas impingement plate 26 as shown in FIG. 1 is a stream impact surface airflow strikes the central portion is formed, the periphery of the airflow collision surface, the cleaning liquid from the tip with a portion of the cleaning liquid L 2 collides some of the L 2 is a liquid flowing down the wall to flow down is formed, it is possible to reverse dish shape. Or it can be set as the shade-like shape where one surface which had the function of the airflow collision surface and the function of the liquid flow down wall surface was formed as the gas collision plate 26.
- Liquid flows down the wall, a part of the cleaning liquid L 2 flows down along the surface may be a surface capable of flows downward from the front end, the shape is not limited in particular.
- various surface shapes such as a flat surface, a curved surface, and an uneven surface can be taken, but a smooth surface is preferable.
- the shape of the airflow collision surface having the liquid flow lower wall surface at the periphery thereof is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape capable of receiving a rising airflow and forming a flow toward the liquid flow lower wall.
- various surface shapes such as a flat surface, a curved surface, and an uneven surface can be taken.
- the shape is not particularly limited.
- various surface shapes such as a flat surface, a curved surface, and an uneven surface can be taken, but a smooth surface is preferable.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid curtain forming means 40, and is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
- the liquid screen forming means 40 of this embodiment includes a liquid dispersion plate 43, a liquid introduction pipe 41 and a support portion 44.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing the configuration of the liquid dispersion plate 43, the support portion 44, and the liquid introduction pipe 41.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in a cross section of the liquid dispersion plate 43 taken along the line II-II (broken line) in FIG.
- the liquid-discharging cleaning liquid L 2 from the liquid inlet pipe 41 is means is discharged, the cleaning liquid L 2 which is discharged is dispersed by liquid distributor plate 43 is in the liquid dispersing means.
- the dispersion direction of the cleaning liquid L 2 is, n-fold symmetry with respect to the discharge direction of the cleaning liquid L 2 (where, n is any integer of 2 or more.) Is preferably.
- cleaning liquid L 2 Any liquid (cleaning liquid L 2 ) discharged from the liquid discharging means can be used as long as it is liquid.
- cleaning liquid L 2 may also be used water, a readily available any liquid such as seawater.
- the use of water is preferable because the droplet particles do not become dust even if they remain in the treated airflow.
- the liquid introduction pipe 41 is disposed at the center of the gas collision plate 26 and penetrates the center of the gas collision plate 26 in the vertical vertical direction.
- the cleaning liquid L 2 is supplied to the liquid introduction pipe 41, and the cleaning liquid L 2 is discharged from the discharge port 42 of the liquid introduction pipe 41 toward the liquid dispersion plate 43.
- the discharge port 42 is disposed at the tip of the liquid introduction tube 41 and opens downward. Accordingly, the cleaning liquid L 2 is discharged vertically downward from the discharge port 42 through the liquid inlet pipe 41.
- Liquid inlet pipe 41 inside a cavity may be directly discharged cleaning liquid L 2 from the liquid inlet pipe 41 is provided with a spray nozzle, whereby even if the cleaning liquid L 2 discharged (sprayed dispersion) Good.
- the opening diameter of the discharge port 42 is preferably 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less. When the opening diameter is within this range, it becomes easy to control the discharge speed within a predetermined range.
- the discharge rate of the cleaning liquid L 2 is preferably equal to or less than 0.5 m / s or more 3.0 m / s. When the discharge speed is within this range, it is possible to further prevent the discharge port 42 from being blocked.
- the discharge port 42 is arranged opposite to the upper surface of the liquid distributor plate 43, but from the discharge port 42 is configured to the cleaning liquid L 2 is discharged downward, the discharge port 42 is a liquid distribution plate
- the cleaning liquid L ⁇ b > 2 may be configured to be disposed so as to face the lower surface of 43 and to be discharged upward from the discharge port 42. That is, the arrangement configuration shown in FIG.
- the liquid introduction pipe 41 penetrates the gas collision plate 26 and extends to the vicinity of the liquid dispersion plate 43, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the liquid introduction pipe 41 may be inserted from the side of the liquid screen dust removing device 50 (between the gas collision plate 26 and the gas discharge pipe 10) and may extend to the vicinity of the liquid dispersion plate 43.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 is disposed in the vicinity of the center of the gas collision plate 26. Further, the liquid dispersion plate 43 also faces the updraft and is disposed upstream of the updraft with respect to the gas collision plate 26. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower surface of the gas collision plate 26 and the upper surface of the liquid dispersion plate 43 are disposed to face each other. Furthermore, the liquid dispersion plate 43 is also opposed to the discharge port 42 of the liquid introduction pipe 41 protruding downward from the center of the gas collision plate 26.
- the material constituting the liquid distributor plate 43 there are no particular limitations on the material constituting the liquid distributor plate 43, such as when captured dust or gypsum such as water is discharged, in the case of water containing solids is discharged as a cleaning solution L 2 is abrasion It is preferable that it consists of a material which has a property and corrosion resistance.
- the material having wear resistance and corrosion resistance include metal materials such as stainless steel and thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, and particularly preferable materials include SUS836L and NAS254N.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 has a dispersion part 43a facing the discharge port 42, and the dispersion part 43a has a smooth surface.
- Dispersing portion 43a is a portion cleaning solution L 2 which is discharged from the discharge port 42 in the liquid dispersion plate 43 collides, also is the site of dispersing by flowing the discharged cleaning liquid L 2 on the distributed portion 43a . That is, the distribution unit 43a plays a function as a collision surface of the cleaning liquid L 2, and the ability to flow and disperse the cleaning liquid L 2, a.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 has a disc shape, and the dispersion portion 43a constituting the upper surface thereof is a circular plane.
- the shape of the dispersing section 43a a smooth surface, i.e. may be any shape as long as the shape does not interfere with the flow of the cleaning liquid L 2. If the dispersion part 43a is formed of a smooth surface, it is possible to form a uniform liquid screen, and since it is not necessary to have a complicated shape as in the conventional case, its production becomes easy, and the cost is lower than in the past. Therefore, it is preferable.
- non-smooth surfaces such as a grooved surface, a shape having a plate-like projection (a shape disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 362159), a shape like a triangular pyramid surface having a ridge line, etc. Is not within the scope of the present invention. If the surface has non-smooth parts such as grooves, plate-like convex portions, and ridge lines, the non-smooth part causes unevenness in the flow, resulting in uneven distribution and a uniform liquid curtain cannot be formed.
- the dispersing portion 43a is preferably a flat surface or a smooth curved surface that is convex toward the discharge port. Dispersion portion 43a is flat, or when is a curved surface convex toward the discharge port 42, since the cleaning liquid L 2 flows without staying on the dispersing section 43a, is less likely to occur, such as sticking, easy or unnecessary maintenance This is preferable.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 having the dispersion portion 43a for example, a disk shape, a cone shape (conical shape), a reverse dish shape, a shape occupying a part of a sphere such as a hemisphere (the sphere is cut in a plane) And the like, and the respective upper surfaces serve as the dispersion portions 43a.
- the periphery of these shapes the shape that does not interfere with the flow of the cleaning liquid L 2 may be further bonded.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 may be formed from a plate-like member (for example, a hollow conical plate having an opening at the bottom surface). You may form from the member (for example, solid conical member) which is solid.
- the dispersion portion 43 a is n times symmetrical with respect to the discharge direction of the cleaning liquid L 2 from the discharge port 42.
- n is an arbitrary integer of 2 or more. If it is n-fold symmetry, the cleaning liquid L 2 to be dispersed, it is symmetric in the plane direction of the dispersing section 43a, preferably to be dispersed more uniformly.
- the dispersion portion 43a is flat, the discharge direction of the cleaning liquid L 2 from the discharge port 42 is vertically downward, it is preferable that the dispersion unit 43a is arranged in the horizontal direction. And discharge direction of the cleaning liquid L 2, that is the distribution unit 43a is a plan are disposed vertically, the dispersion of the cleaning liquid L 2 becomes 360 ° schematic uniformly around the discharge position in the horizontal direction, uniform Ekimaku Is formed.
- the liquid dispersion plate 43 is supported by three support portions 44 arranged at equal intervals.
- the shape and number of the support portions 44 are not limited and can be changed as appropriate.
- the support portion 44 may be joined to the liquid introduction tube 41 or may be joined to a member other than the liquid introduction tube 41.
- the cleaning liquid L 2 is discharged from the discharge port 42 of the liquid introduction pipe 41 in the vicinity of the center part. Cleaning liquid L 2 discharged spreads schematically uniformly toward the periphery from the center of the dispersing section 43a, further flows out of the liquid distributor plate 43. Flowing cleaning liquid L 2 is the inner wall of the gas discharge pipe 10, between the gas discharge pipe 10 and a gas collision plate 26, and scattered toward the lower surface of the gas collision plate 26 (inner surface).
- the cleaning liquid L 2 flowing out between the gas discharge pipe 10 and a gas collision plate 26 is Ekimaku.
- the liquid screen in the present invention is not limited to a continuous film shape, and for example, a formed liquid screen such as a discontinuous droplet shape, a mist shape, or a large number of liquid flows and flows therethrough. Any form may be used as long as sufficient gas-liquid contact with the airflow is possible.
- the cleaning liquid L 2 scattered toward the lower surface of the gas collision plate 26 flows down after colliding with the lower surface and flows down from the tip of the gas collision plate 26. Further, the cleaning liquid L 2 scattered toward the inner wall of the gas discharge pipe 10 flows down after colliding with the inner wall of the pipe.
- the washing liquid L 2 discharged from the discharge port 42 is substantially in contact only the distributed portion 43a in the liquid dispersion plate 43, it flows toward between such a gas discharge tube 10 and the gas collision plate 26. Therefore, for example, in the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid L 2 substantially contacts only the upper surface of the liquid dispersion plate 43, and the upper surface of the liquid dispersion plate 43, which is a portion in contact with the cleaning liquid L 2, is connected to the dispersion portion 43 a. Called.
- a small portion of the cleaning liquid L 2 may occur is that as trickles down along the side face and the like of it liquid dispersion plate 43 and droplet form, but this is not a contributing contacting the dispersion in the present invention Therefore, the side surface of the liquid dispersion plate 43 does not constitute a part of the dispersion part 43a.
- a passage between the gas exhaust pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26 is a passage through which an ascending air current (including an air current after the ascending air current collides with the gas collision plate 26) always passes.
- the ascending air flow rising from the gas exhaust pipe 10 directly flows into the flow path formed between the gas exhaust pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26 or collides with the lower surface of the gas collision plate 26, and then the gas collision.
- the flow direction is changed by being guided by the lower surface of the plate 26 and flows into a flow path formed between the gas collision plate 26 and the gas discharge pipe 10. Note that not all of the updrafts follow the flow path as described above and reach the liquid curtain, but at least the flow path formed between the gas discharge pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26 passes. To do.
- a liquid screen is formed in the flow path of the rising air flow formed between the gas discharge pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26.
- the liquid curtain is formed so as to face the rising airflow flowing through the flow path formed between the gas discharge pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26. The dust contained in the ascending air current is taken into the liquid curtain and removed when the ascending air current flows through this flow path.
- discharge port area S1, smooth surface area S2 The area S1 of the opening of the discharge port 42, is a smooth surface diverging part 43a (i.e., a region where the cleaning liquid L 2 are in contact) area ratio S1 / S2 of the area S2 of 0.001 or more than 0.06 It is preferable that it is 0.003 or more and 0.04 or less.
- the distance between the discharge port 42 and the dispersion part 43a is preferably 3 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less. When the distance between the discharge port 42 and the dispersion portion 43a is within this range, the discharge port 42 can be more effectively prevented from being blocked.
- Flow rate of cleaning liquid Flow rate of the cleaning liquid L 2 discharged from the discharge port 42, the gas 1 m 3 / hr per which is converted to the standard state rises from the gas discharge pipe 10, usually not more than 0.1 kg / hr or more 10 kg / hr, preferably Is 0.2 kg / hr or more and 2 kg / hr or less.
- liquid curtain dust removal apparatus of the present invention can be installed in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus or the like, for example, as long as the installation area can be secured.
- the flue gas desulfurization apparatus according to the present invention includes the above-described liquid curtain dust removal apparatus according to the present invention.
- the flue gas desulfurization apparatus is a jet bubbling that desulfurizes flue gas (treated gas) containing sulfur oxides using an absorption liquid containing an alkaline agent using a gas phase dispersion type gas-liquid contact apparatus.
- This is a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus called a (JBR: Jet Bubbling Reactor) system.
- absorption liquid for removing sulfur oxides is stored in the lower part of the closed tank, which is a reaction tank, and smoke and air (oxygen) are introduced into this absorption liquid,
- This is a system in which sulfur oxide and an alkali agent in the absorbing liquid are brought into gas-liquid contact in the presence of oxygen and reacted while forming a jet bubbling layer (floss layer).
- examples of the sulfur oxide (SOx) include sulfur oxides such as sulfur dioxide.
- sulfur dioxide include sulfur dioxide in various forms such as sulfurous acid gas and sulfurous acid gas dissolved in water.
- flue gas (exhaust gas) containing a sulfur oxide the combustion exhaust gas discharged
- sulfur oxides such as SO 2 contained in the flue gas is less solid solubility to react with an alkali agent and oxygen is generated, the sulfur oxides are removed from the flue gas.
- the sulfur oxide contains SO 2 and limestone (CaCO 3 ) is used as the alkali agent, the reaction of the following formula (1) occurs to produce gypsum (CaSO 4 ⁇ 2H 2 O), SO 2 can be separated. SO 2 + 2H 2 O + 1 / 2O 2 + CaCO 3 ⁇ CaSO 4 .2H 2 O + CO 2 (1)
- smoke emissions include not only sulfur oxides but also dust (dust).
- dust dust contained in the flue gas is removed at the time of gas-liquid contact between the flue gas and the absorbing liquid in the froth layer, as in the case of sulfur oxide, and further in the liquid curtain dust removing device provided in the flue gas desulfurization device, It is removed during gas-liquid contact between the flue gas and the cleaning liquid.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a configuration in one embodiment of the flue gas desulfurization apparatus according to the present invention.
- the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 100 of this embodiment is composed of a large sealed tank 1 and removes sulfur oxide and dust from flue gas containing sulfur oxide and dust.
- the inside of the sealed tank 1 is divided into a first chamber 5 and a second chamber adjacent to the upper side of the first chamber 5 by a first partition plate 2 and a second partition plate 3 positioned above the first partition plate 2. 6 and a third chamber 7 adjacent above the second chamber 6.
- the upper space of the third chamber 7 is sealed by the top plate 4.
- the first partition 2 is a substantially horizontal plate.
- the second partition plate 3 is a substantially horizontal plate.
- a smoke exhaust inlet is disposed on the peripheral wall of the second chamber 6.
- a flue gas introduction duct 8 is connected to the flue gas inlet.
- the absorbing liquid L 1 accommodated in the first chamber 5 described later is sprayed from the absorbing liquid nozzle 36 through the absorbing liquid extraction pipe 23.
- the absorption liquid L 1 is extracted from the first chamber 5 by the circulation pump 16 and supplied to the absorption liquid extraction pipe 23.
- industrial water supplied from an industrial water source (not shown) is sprayed from the industrial water nozzle 35 into the smoke exhaust introduction duct 8 through the industrial water pipe 34.
- a smoke exhaust cooler is connected to the smoke exhaust inlet disposed on the peripheral wall of the sealed tank 1, and the exhaust smoke cooled by the smoke exhaust cooler (further, dust removal and desulfurization are also performed partially). Is introduced into the closed tank 1 through the smoke inlet.
- the smoke exhaust cooler includes the smoke introduction duct 8, the circulation pump 16, the industrial water pipe 34, the industrial water nozzle 35, the absorption liquid extraction pipe 23, and the absorption liquid nozzle 36, but is not limited thereto. Absent.
- the flue gas cooler is not particularly limited as long as it can cool the flue gas to be introduced, and only one of the industrial water nozzle 35 and the absorbing liquid nozzle 36 may be provided, or another cooling mechanism. May be provided.
- the arrangement of special devices in the space of the second chamber 6 is not particularly necessary, and if necessary, may be disposed a spray nozzle (not shown) for spraying the absorbing liquid L 1.
- a spray nozzle not shown for spraying the absorbing liquid L 1.
- the first partition 2 is provided with a large number of through holes that communicate between the first chamber 5 and the second chamber 6.
- a smoke exhaust dispersion pipe 9 is suspended in the through-hole so that the exhaust gas supplied to the second chamber 6 can be dispersed in the absorbing liquid L 1 accommodated in the first chamber 5. That is, the smoke exhausting dispersion pipe 9 is suspended from each through-hole so that the tip thereof extends into the absorbing liquid L 1 in the first chamber 5.
- the flue gas introduced into the second chamber 6 is blown into the absorbing liquid L 1 in the first chamber 5 through the flue gas dispersion pipe 9.
- the flue gas dispersion tube 9, the region located under the liquid surface of the tube wall and the absorbing liquid L 1, distribution holes which flue gas is discharged is provided. It is preferable that a plurality of the dispersion holes are provided for one smoke dispersion pipe 9.
- the shape and arrangement of the distribution holes are not particularly limited as long as the flue gas dispersed state in the absorbing liquid L 1 becomes good.
- circular dispersion holes are arranged in a line at intervals of 30 ° along the circumferential direction of the tube peripheral wall above a predetermined distance from the lower end of the cylindrical flue gas dispersion pipe 9 (12 dispersion holes are (Arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction).
- Absorbing liquid L 1 in the present embodiment contains an alkali agent.
- Alkaline agent contained in the absorbing liquid L 1 is a neutralizing agent to neutralize the acid, for example, calcium carbonate (limestone), and sodium hydroxide.
- a solvent for the alkali agent-containing absorbing solution L 1 include water.
- the absorbent L 1 is not particularly limited as long as it can absorb sulfur oxides.
- the oxygen-containing gas jet nozzle 22 used when it is necessary to supply oxygen is disposed in the absorbing liquid L 1.
- Oxygen-containing gas injection nozzle 22 supplies air (oxygen) to the alkali agent-containing absorbing solution L 1 and the flue gas.
- the oxygen-containing gas ejection nozzle 22 is supplied with air from a supply blower (not shown) through an oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 21.
- the oxygen-containing gas ejection nozzle 22 only needs to be able to supply a gas containing oxygen (oxidizing gas).
- oxygen may be supplied in addition to air, or a gas containing oxygen other than air may be supplied. .
- flue gas is blown through the flue gas dispersion tube 9 from the second chamber 6 as described above. Floss The flue gas rises as bubbles medium absorbing liquid L 1 contained in the first compartment 5, comprising a mixed phase of the absorption liquid L 1 and bubbles above the distribution holes of the flue gas dispersion pipes 9 Layer A is formed. While the flue gas rises as bubbles in the absorption liquid L 1 and while the floss layer A exists in the form of bubbles, dust and sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas are absorbed by the absorption liquid L. 1 and is removed from the flue gas. The exhaust gas thus purified is diffused from the froth layer A into its upper space, and further introduced into the third chamber 7 through a gas exhaust pipe 10 described later.
- the first partition 2 and the second partition 3 are each provided with an opening.
- a gas exhaust pipe 10 connecting the first chamber 5 and the third chamber 7 is disposed so as to close the openings.
- the gas exhaust pipe 10 can introduce the smoke exhausted in the upper space of the first chamber 5 into the third chamber 7.
- the upper end of the gas discharge pipe 10 projects upward from the surface of the second partition plate 3, and the cleaning liquid L 2 on the second partition plate 3 stays on the second partition plate 3 in a certain amount.
- the cross-sectional shape of the gas exhaust pipe 10 can be various shapes such as a circle, a square, and a rectangle.
- the liquid curtain dust removing device 50 of the present invention described above is disposed above the outlet of the gas discharge pipe 10.
- a desulfurization flue gas outlet is disposed on the top plate 4 disposed above the third chamber 7, and a desulfurization flue gas outlet duct 11 is connected to the desulfurization flue gas outlet.
- the desulfurization exhaust port may be disposed on the peripheral wall of the third chamber 7.
- a flow path between the gas discharge pipe 10 and the gas collision plate 26 provided in the liquid screen dust removal apparatus 50 is provided by a liquid curtain dust removal apparatus 50 disposed immediately above the gas discharge pipe 10.
- liquid curtain of the cleaning liquid L 2 is formed. Flue gas discharged from the gas discharge pipe 10 is passed through the liquid curtain of the cleaning liquid L 2, this time, in contact with the liquid curtain of the cleaning liquid L 2, dust remaining in the flue gas is the E giveawayaku Captured and removed from the flue gas.
- the flue gas in the third chamber 7 passes through the desulfurization flue gas derivation duct 11 and is extracted outside the third chamber 7 (outside the sealed tank 1).
- the smoke exhausted from the third chamber 7 is introduced into the mist eliminator 12, and the particles of the absorbing liquid L 1 and the cleaning liquid L 2 contained in the smoke are removed in the mist eliminator 12.
- the flue gas discharged from the mist eliminator 12 enters the heater 37, and the mist remaining in the flue gas is vaporized in the heater 37, and then discharged to the atmosphere through the flue gas cylinder 38.
- the circulation line is the washing liquid tank 14 for storing cleaning liquid withdrawing pipe 13 for extracting the cleaning liquid L 2 staying on the second diaphragm 3, the cleaning liquid L 2 withdrawn, a circulation pump for circulating the cleaning liquid L 2 from the washing liquid tank 14 15, and a cleaning liquid L 2 is connected to the circulating pump 15 from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 19 for supplying the third chamber within 7 (liquid introduction pipe 41).
- the cleaning liquid tank 14 is connected to a cleaning liquid supply pipe 20 for supplying a cleaning liquid for supply, and the cleaning liquid for supply is supplied through the cleaning liquid supply pipe 20.
- a part of the cleaning liquid L 2 circulated to the liquid screen dust removing device 50 is introduced into the absorbing liquid L 1 through the conduit 25 branched from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 19.
- the cleaning liquid tank 14 has a function as a storage tank for temporarily storing the cleaning liquid L 2 staying on the upper surface of the second partition plate 3 forming the floor surface of the third chamber 7 and a function as a receiving tank for the cleaning liquid for replenishment.
- the installation of the cleaning liquid tank 14 is not necessarily required, and it can be omitted and the cleaning liquid extraction pipe 13 can be directly connected to the circulation pump 15.
- the cleaning liquid for replenishment can be directly supplied by connecting the cleaning liquid supply pipe 20 to the cleaning liquid extraction pipe 13 or the cleaning liquid supply pipe 19.
- liquid screen dust removal device 50 and the flue gas desulfurization device 100 of the present embodiment described above a complicated processing step for manufacturing the liquid dispersion plate 43 and additional dust removal equipment are not required, and the cost is low. Excellent dust removal performance can be achieved by forming a roughly uniform liquid screen. Further, according to the liquid curtain filtration apparatus 50 and flue gas desulfurization apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, even in the case of forming a liquid curtain by ejecting the cleaning liquid L 2 containing a solid (gypsum or dust), a liquid dispersion Since the dispersion portion 43a of the plate 43 is a smooth surface, deterioration and adhesion due to local wear hardly occur, and excellent durability and maintainability can be obtained.
Abstract
Description
また、本発明に係る排煙脱硫装置は、硫黄酸化物および粉塵を含有する排煙から該硫黄酸化物および粉塵を除去する排煙脱硫装置であって、第1隔板および該第1隔板の上方に位置する第2隔板によってその内部が、第1室と、該第1室の上方に隣接する第2室と、該第2室の上方に隣接する第3室と、に区画された密閉槽と、前記第2室に形成された排煙入口と、前記第3室に形成された脱硫排煙出口と、前記第1隔板に形成された透孔と、該透孔に垂設され、前記第2室と前記第1室とを連絡し、前記第2室に供給された前記排煙を、前記第1室に収容されている前記硫黄酸化物を吸収する吸収液中に分散可能に設けられた排煙分散管と、前記第1室と前記第3室とを連絡し、その上端が前記第2隔板の表面より上方に位置する気体排出管と、該気体排出管から流れ出る上昇気流に対向して配設され、該上昇気流中の前記粉塵を液幕に取り込むことによって除去する液幕除塵装置と、を備え、前記液幕除塵装置が、前記液幕除塵装置であることを特徴とする。
尚、以下に述べる実施形態は、本発明の好適な実施形態であるから技術的に好ましい種々の限定が付されているが、本発明の範囲は以下の説明において本発明を限定する旨の記載がない限り、これらの態様に限られるものではない。
図1は、本発明に係る液幕除塵装置の一実施形態における構成を示す概略断面図である。
液幕除塵装置50は、気体排出管10から流れ出る気流に対向して配設され、該気流中の粉塵を液幕に取り込むことによって除去するものである。
なお、以下に述べる本実施形態では、鉛直上方に向けて開口し、上昇気流が生じる気体排出管10に対向して液幕除塵装置50が配設されているが、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。したがって、本発明の液幕除塵装置は鉛直上方以外の任意の方向の気流に対向して配設されるものであってもよいが、鉛直上方または鉛直下方の気流に対向して配設されていることが好ましい。
液幕形成手段40は、分散部43aを有する液分散板43(液分散手段)と、該分散部43aに対向してなる吐出口42を有し、該吐出口42から洗浄液L2を吐出する液体導入管41(液吐出手段)と、を具備する。液分散板43は、気体衝突板26の中心近傍、且つ、気体衝突板26に対して上昇気流の流れ方向上流側において、気体衝突板26に対向して配設されてなる。
本実施形態における気体衝突板26は、逆向きの皿状の形状を有し、気体排出管10から上昇してきた気流をその下面(内面)で受ける。このとき、気流中に液滴粒子が含まれる場合、気体衝突板26の下面にはこの液滴粒子が付着して液膜状となる。
また、この気体衝突板26は、後述する液体導入管41および液分散板43によって分散される洗浄液L2の一部を下面で受け、その先端から洗浄液L2の一部を流下させる。
液体流下壁面をその周縁に有する気流衝突面の形状は、上昇気流を受け、液体流下壁の方向に向かう流れを形成し得るような形状であれば、特に制限されるものではない。例えば、平面や曲面、凹凸面等、種々の面形状をとり得る。
また、気流衝突面の機能と液体流下壁面の機能とを併せ持った一つの面であったとしても、その形状は特に制限されるものではない。例えば、平面や曲面、凹凸面等、種々の面形状をとり得るが、平滑な面であることが好ましい。
図2は液幕形成手段40の構成を示す概略断面図であって、図1の部分拡大図である。本実施形態の液幕形成手段40は、液分散板43、液体導入管41および支持部44からなる。
また、図3は液分散板43、支持部44および液体導入管41の構成を示す上面概略図である。ここで、図2は、図3において液分散板43をII-II線(破線)の位置で切断した断面における構成を示す断面図である。
液吐出手段である液体導入管41から洗浄液L2が吐出され、吐出された洗浄液L2が液分散手段である液分散板43によって分散される。このとき、洗浄液L2の分散方向は、洗浄液L2の吐出方向に対してn回対称(ただし、nは任意の2以上の整数である。)であることが好ましい。本実施形態では、液分散板43の分散部43aが洗浄液L2の吐出方向に対して垂直な平面(n=∞となる平面)であるため、洗浄液L2の吐出方向に対して垂直な面内において、洗浄液L2が吐出位置から360°全方位について概略均一に分散される。
吐出口42は液体導入管41の先端に配設されていて、下方に向かって開口している。したがって、洗浄液L2は液体導入管41を通じて吐出口42から鉛直下方に吐出される。
また、本実施形態では液体導入管41が気体衝突板26を貫通し、液分散板43近傍にまで延在する構成であるが、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。例えば、液体導入管41が液幕除塵装置50の側方(気体衝突板26と気体排出管10との間)から挿入され、液分散板43近傍まで延在する構成であってもよい。
液分散板43は気体衝突板26の中心近傍に対向して配設されている。また、液分散板43は上昇気流に対しても対向しており、気体衝突板26に対して上昇気流の上流側に配設されている。すなわち、図1に示すように、気体衝突板26の下面と、液分散板43の上面とが対向して配設されている。さらに、液分散板43は、気体衝突板26の中心部から下方に向けて突出した液体導入管41の吐出口42に対しても対向している。
分散部43aは、液分散板43において吐出口42から吐出された洗浄液L2が衝突する部位であり、また、この吐出された洗浄液L2を分散部43a上で流動させて分散する部位である。すなわち、分散部43aは洗浄液L2の衝突面としての機能と、洗浄液L2を流動・分散する機能と、を担う。
分散部43aの形状としては、平滑な面、すなわち洗浄液L2の流れを妨げない形状であれば如何なる形状であってもよい。分散部43aが平滑な面からなると、均一な液幕の形成が可能となると共に、従来のような複雑な形状とすることを要しないことから、その作製が容易となり、従来よりも低コストとなるため好ましい。
例えば、排煙脱硫装置内に設置された液幕除塵装置において、洗浄液L2に粉塵や石膏が含まれると、分散部43aが非平滑な面である場合、偏った流れによって局所的な摩耗劣化が発生し、また、粉塵や石膏が局所的に滞留して固着が生じてしまう。
なお、液分散板43が凸形状の曲面を有する場合、板状の部材(例えば、底面が開口となっており、中空の円錐状の板)から形成されていてもよく、凸形状の部分の中が中実である部材(例えば、中実の円錐状の部材)から形成されていてもよい。
分散部43aが平面である場合、吐出口42からの洗浄液L2の吐出方向が鉛直下方であり、分散部43aが水平方向に配設されていることが好ましい。洗浄液L2の吐出方向と、平面である分散部43aとが垂直に配設されていることで、水平方向において吐出位置を中心として洗浄液L2の分散が360°概略均一となり、均一な液幕が形成される。
本実施形態では、液分散板43は等間隔に配設された3つの支持部44によって支持されている。
なお、支持部44の形状や数に制限はなく、適宜変更することが可能である。また、支持部44は液体導入管41に接合されていてもよく、液体導入管41以外の部材に接合されていてもよい。
液分散板43の分散部43aでは、その中心部付近において液体導入管41の吐出口42から洗浄液L2が吐出される。吐出された洗浄液L2は分散部43aの中心部から周縁部に向かって概略均一に広がり、さらに液分散板43の外に流れ出る。流れ出た洗浄液L2は、気体排出管10の管内壁、気体排出管10と気体衝突板26との間、および気体衝突板26の下面(内面)に向けて飛散する。
気体排出管10から上昇してきた上昇気流は、気体排出管10と気体衝突板26との間に形成される流路に直接流れ込む、あるいは、気体衝突板26の下面に衝突し、次いで、気体衝突板26の下面に案内されて流れる向きを変え、気体衝突板26と気体排出管10との間に形成される流路に流れ込む。
なお、上昇気流は、その全てが必ずしも上述したような流路をたどり液幕に到達するわけではないが、少なくとも、気体排出管10と気体衝突板26との間に形成される流路は通過する。
吐出口42の開口部の面積S1と、平滑な面である分散部43a(すなわち、洗浄液L2が接触する領域)の面積S2との面積比S1/S2が、0.001以上0.06以下であることが好ましく、0.003以上0.04以下であることがより好ましい。
吐出口42と分散部43aとの距離が、3mm以上50mm以下であることが好ましく、5mm以上30mm以下であることがより好ましい。吐出口42と分散部43aとの距離がこの範囲であると、吐出口42の閉塞をより効果的に防止することができる。
吐出口42から吐出される洗浄液L2の流量は、気体排出管10から上昇する標準状態に換算された気体1m3/hr当り、通常、0.1kg/hr以上10kg/hr以下であり、好ましくは0.2kg/hr以上2kg/hr以下である。このような流量の洗浄液L2を吐出して液幕状に分散させることにより、気体排出管10を上昇する気体中に含まれている粉塵を効果的に除去することができる。
ついで、本発明に係る排煙脱硫装置について説明する。本発明に係る排煙脱硫装置は、上述した本発明に係る液幕除塵装置を備える。
本実施形態に係る排煙脱硫装置は、硫黄酸化物を含有する排煙(被処理ガス)を、気相分散型の気液接触装置を用いてアルカリ剤を含む吸収液により脱硫する、ジェットバブリング(JBR:Jet Bubbling Reactor)方式と称される湿式排煙脱硫装置である。ジェットバブリング方式とは、反応槽である密閉槽の下部に硫黄酸化物を除去するための吸収液を収容し、この吸収液中に排煙及び空気(酸素)を導入して、排煙中の硫黄酸化物と吸収液中のアルカリ剤とを酸素の存在下に気液接触させて、ジェットバブリング層(フロス層)を形成しつつ反応させる方式である。
SO2+2H2O+1/2O2+CaCO3→CaSO4・2H2O+CO2 (1)
図4は、本発明に係る排煙脱硫装置の一実施形態における構成を示す概略図である。
本実施形態の排煙脱硫装置100は大型の密閉槽1から構成され、硫黄酸化物および粉塵を含有する排煙から硫黄酸化物および粉塵を除去する。
第1隔板2は、概略水平の板状のものである。
また、第2隔板3は、概略水平の板状のものである。
第2室6の周壁には排煙入口が配設されている。この排煙入口には排煙導入ダクト8が連結されている。
排煙導入ダクト8内には、後述する第1室5に収容されている吸収液L1が、吸収液抜出管23を通じて吸収液ノズル36から噴霧される。吸収液L1は、循環ポンプ16により第1室5から抜き出され、吸収液抜出管23に供給される。
また、排煙導入ダクト8内には、不図示の工業用水源から供給される工業用水が、工業用水管34を通じて工業用水ノズル35から噴霧される。
なお、第2室6の空間には特別な装置の配設は特に必要とされないが、必要に応じ、吸収液L1をスプレーするためのスプレーノズル(不図示)を配設することもできる。第2室6の空間に吸収液L1をスプレーする場合、吸収液抜出管23を分岐させることで第1室5に収容されている吸収液L1を第2室6内に供給することができる。
第1隔板2には、第1室5と、第2室6との間を連絡する透孔が多数配設されている。第2室6に供給された排煙を第1室5に収容されている吸収液L1中に分散可能となるように、透孔には排煙分散管9が垂設されている。すなわち、各透孔には、その先端が第1室5の吸収液L1中に延びるように、排煙分散管9が垂設されている。第2室6に導入された排煙は、排煙分散管9を介して第1室5内の吸収液L1中に吹き込まれる。
排煙分散管9には、その管周壁かつ吸収液L1の液面下に位置する領域に、排煙が排出される分散孔が配設されている。この分散孔は1つの排煙分散管9に対して複数配設されていることが好ましい。
第1室5の内部には、吸収液L1が収容されている。吸収液L1は、吸収液供給管18を通じて第1室5の内部に供給される。
本実施形態における吸収液L1はアルカリ剤を含有する。吸収液L1に含有されるアルカリ剤は、酸を中和する中和剤であり、例えば炭酸カルシウム(石灰石)、水酸化ナトリウム等が挙げられる。また、アルカリ剤含有吸収液L1の溶媒としては、水が挙げられる。
ただし、吸収液L1は硫黄酸化物を吸収できるものであれば特に制限はない。
酸素含有ガス噴出ノズル22は、アルカリ剤含有吸収液L1および排煙に対して空気(酸素)を供給する。この酸素含有ガス噴出ノズル22は、図示を省略する供給ブロワから酸素含有ガス供給管21を通じて空気が供給される。酸素含有ガス噴出ノズル22は酸素を含む気体(酸化用気体)を供給できればよく、空気以外にも例えば、酸素を供給してもよく、あるいは空気以外の酸素を含有する気体を供給してもよい。
このようにして浄化された排煙は、フロス層Aからその上部空間に放散され、さらに後述する気体排出管10を通って第3室7に導入される。
第1隔板2及び第2隔板3には、それぞれ開口が配設されている。これらの開口には、第1室5と、第3室7とを連結する気体排出管10が、開口を塞ぐように配設されている。気体排出管10は、第1室5の上部空間に存在する排煙を第3室7に導入させることができる。
この場合、気体排出管10の上端は第2隔板3の表面より上方に突出し、第2隔板3上の洗浄液L2が第2隔板3上に一定量滞留するようになっている。
気体排出管10の横断面形状は、円形や正方形、長方形等の各種の形状であることができる。
第3室7内には、気体排出管10の出口の上方に、上述した本発明の液幕除塵装置50が配設されている。
第3室7の上方に配設された天板4には、脱硫排煙出口が配設され、この脱硫排煙出口には脱硫排煙導出ダクト11が連結されている。
なお、脱硫排煙出口は第3室7の周壁に配設することもできる。
第3室7内の排煙は、脱硫排煙導出ダクト11を通って第3室7の外(密閉槽1の外)へ抜き出される。次いで、第3室7から抜き出された排煙は、ミストエリミネータ12に導入され、ミストエリミネータ12内でその排煙中に含まれていた吸収液L1、洗浄液L2の粒子等が除去される。そして、ミストエリミネータ12から排出された排煙は、加熱器37に入り、加熱器37内で排煙中に残存するミストが気化された後、排煙筒38を通って大気へ放出される。
なお、洗浄液槽14の設置は必ずしも要するものではなく、これを省略し、洗浄液抜出し管13を循環ポンプ15に直接連結させることもできる。この場合には、補給用の洗浄液は、洗浄液補給管20を洗浄液抜出し管13又は洗浄液供給管19に連結し、直接供給することができる。
2 第1隔板
3 第2隔板
4 天板
5 第1室
6 第2室
7 第3室
8 排煙導入ダクト
9 排煙分散管
10 気体排出管
11 排煙導出ダクト
12 ミストエリミネータ
13 洗浄液抜出し管
14 洗浄液槽
15 循環ポンプ
16 循環ポンプ
18 吸収剤供給管
19 洗浄液供給管
20 洗浄液補給管
22 酸素含有ガス噴出ノズル
23 吸収液抜出管
24 撹拌機
25 導管
26 気体衝突板
34 工業用水管
35 工業用水ノズル
36 吸収液ノズル
37 加熱器
38 排煙筒
40 液幕形成手段
41 液体導入管
42 吐出口
43 液分散板
43a 分散部
44 支持部
50 液幕除塵装置
100 排煙脱硫装置
L1 吸収液
L2 洗浄液
A フロス層
Claims (8)
- 気体排出管から流れ出る気流に対向して配設され、該気流中の粉塵を液幕に取り込むことによって除去する液幕除塵装置であって、
前記気流に対向して配設される気体衝突手段と、
該気体衝突手段の中心近傍、且つ、前記気体衝突手段に対して前記気流の流れ方向上流側において、前記気体衝突手段に対向して配設されてなり、分散部を有する液分散手段と、該分散部に対向してなる吐出口を有し、該吐出口から液を吐出する液吐出手段と、を具備し、前記気体衝突手段および前記気体排出管の間に形成される前記気流の流路に前記液幕を形成する液幕形成手段と、を備え、
前記分散部が、平滑な面からなり、前記吐出口から該分散部に吐出された前記液を該分散部上で流動させて分散し、
前記液幕が、前記流路を流れる気流に対して対向してなることを特徴とする液幕除塵装置。 - 前記分散部が、前記吐出口の液の吐出方向に対して、n回対称(ただし、nは任意の2以上の整数である。)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 前記分散部が、平面、あるいは前記吐出口の方向に向かって凸形状の平滑な曲面であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 前記平滑な面が、前記吐出口の液の吐出方向に対して垂直に配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 前記吐出口の面積S1と、前記平滑な面の面積S2との面積比S1/S2が、0.001以上0.06以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 前記吐出口と、前記分散部との距離が、3mm以上50mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 前記気体排出管から流れ出る気流が、脱硫された排煙であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の液幕除塵装置。
- 硫黄酸化物および粉塵を含有する排煙から該硫黄酸化物および粉塵を除去する排煙脱硫装置であって、
第1隔板および該第1隔板の上方に位置する第2隔板によってその内部が、第1室と、該第1室の上方に隣接する第2室と、該第2室の上方に隣接する第3室と、に区画された密閉槽と、
前記第2室に形成された排煙入口と、
前記第3室に形成された脱硫排煙出口と、
前記第1隔板に形成された透孔と、
該透孔に垂設され、前記第2室と前記第1室とを連絡し、前記第2室に供給された前記排煙を、前記第1室に収容されている前記硫黄酸化物を吸収する吸収液中に分散可能に設けられた排煙分散管と、
前記第1室と前記第3室とを連絡し、その上端が前記第2隔板の表面より上方に位置する気体排出管と、
該気体排出管から流れ出る上昇気流に対向して配設され、該上昇気流中の前記粉塵を液幕に取り込むことによって除去する液幕除塵装置と、を備え、
前記液幕除塵装置が、請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の液幕除塵装置であることを特徴とする排煙脱硫装置。
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CN201680071545.9A CN108367227A (zh) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-11-29 | 液幕除尘装置及排烟脱硫装置 |
KR1020187019112A KR20180090349A (ko) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-11-29 | 액막 제진 장치 및 배연 탈황 장치 |
US15/778,111 US10780386B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-11-29 | Liquid film dust arrester and flue gas desulfurization system |
CA3005958A CA3005958A1 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-11-29 | Liquid film dust arrester and flue gas desulfurization system |
EP16872600.8A EP3388134A4 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-11-29 | LIQUID CURTAIN DUST COLLECTION DEVICE AND DEVICE FOR DESULFURIZING CARBON GAS |
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CN110721588A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-24 | 上海蓝魂环保科技有限公司 | 一种具有除尘作用的船舶海水脱硫设备 |
CN112090202A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-18 | 滁州市汊河之星高新技术研发有限公司 | 一种环保工程用有害气体处理装置 |
CN113385009B (zh) * | 2021-05-18 | 2024-02-02 | 朝阳市宏晟机械制造有限公司 | 一种燃烧烟气脱硫脱硝塔 |
IT202100015047A1 (it) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-12-09 | Solidea S R L | Dispositivo filtrante per canne fumarie |
CN116212550B (zh) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-04-02 | 华中科技大学 | 基于复合吸收液的分级湿法烟气超净脱硫脱硝除尘装置 |
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KR20180090349A (ko) | 2018-08-10 |
EP3388134A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
CN108367227A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
EP3388134A4 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
JP2017104768A (ja) | 2017-06-15 |
US10780386B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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CA3005958A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
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