WO2017098595A1 - 船舶用舵、操舵方法及び船舶 - Google Patents
船舶用舵、操舵方法及び船舶 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017098595A1 WO2017098595A1 PCT/JP2015/084484 JP2015084484W WO2017098595A1 WO 2017098595 A1 WO2017098595 A1 WO 2017098595A1 JP 2015084484 W JP2015084484 W JP 2015084484W WO 2017098595 A1 WO2017098595 A1 WO 2017098595A1
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- rudder
- propeller
- steering
- steered
- port side
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/38—Rudders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/38—Rudders
- B63H2025/388—Rudders with varying angle of attack over the height of the rudder blade, e.g. twisted rudders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a marine rudder, a steering method, and a marine vessel that effectively collect propeller rotation flow.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed as means for satisfying this demand and maintaining steering performance.
- a pair of high-lift rudder is arranged behind a propulsion propeller.
- Each high lift rudder has a top end plate and a bottom end plate at the top end and bottom end of the rudder blade, respectively.
- a fin having a predetermined chord length is provided from the front edge portion toward the rear at substantially the same level position as the axis of the propeller on the inner side surface of each rudder blade.
- the chord length of each rudder blade is configured to be 60 to 45% of the propeller propeller diameter.
- the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the rudder main body is an arc shape or a similar shape to the front edge portion, and the cross-sectional width gradually increases toward the rear of the rudder main body. The maximum width is reached, and the cross-sectional width decreases while changing from an outwardly convex shape to an outwardly concave shape. Thereafter, the horizontal cross-sectional shape has a straight portion formed by a substantially parallel straight line up to the rear end, and has a rear end having a finite width.
- Patent Document 1 is known as a one-axis two-rudder system.
- the single-shaft two-rudder system has a variety of ship maneuvering modes and is excellent in ship maneuverability, but the rudder is arranged with the propeller center removed, so that the energy recovery rate of the propeller rotating flow deteriorates. Therefore, in a single-shaft two-rudder system, it is common to reduce the degree of stern enlargement by adding fins to compensate for the deterioration of the energy recovery rate of the propeller rotating flow, or extending the hull as much as the rudder cord length is shortened. Is.
- Patent Document 2 a technique related to a high lift rudder that increases the rudder itself has also been studied.
- the high lift rudder can have a small rudder area and a high aspect ratio, and the cord length of the rudder can be shortened.
- the latest ship rudder is generally designed for higher lift, and the rudder cord length is as short as possible. Therefore, even if the existing single-shaft two-rudder system is applied to further improve the performance, there is a problem that the cord length of one rudder as a base is already short and it is difficult to obtain the effect.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a marine rudder, a steering method, and a marine vessel that can effectively use the energy of the propeller rotating flow and can further reduce the area and blade thickness of the rudder.
- the present invention comprises an upper rudder and a lower rudder arranged up and down behind the propeller arranged on the stern and on the axis,
- the upper rudder and the lower rudder are provided with a marine rudder that can be independently steered on the port side and starboard side from the axis of the propeller.
- the upper rudder has an airfoil suitable for propeller rotating flow flowing from the port side to the starboard side
- the lower rudder has an airfoil suitable for a propeller rotating flow flowing from the starboard side to the port side.
- the upper rudder and the lower rudder are different in wing shape or wing shape warpage.
- an upper rudder and a lower rudder are prepared which are arranged vertically above and behind the propeller arranged at the stern, There is provided a steering method in which the upper rudder and the lower rudder are steered independently from the axis of the propeller to the port side and starboard side, respectively.
- one of the upper rudder and the lower rudder is steered to the port side, and the other is steered to the starboard side.
- a ship equipped with the aforementioned ship rudder is provided.
- the upper rudder and the lower rudder are arranged at the propeller center (rear of the propeller and on the axis), the energy of the propeller rotational flow can be effectively recovered by the upper rudder and the lower rudder.
- the marine rudder according to the present invention always propels the propeller rotational flow energy at any propeller rotational speed by turning the upper rudder and the lower rudder independently and taking an appropriate rudder angle when going straight and turning.
- the optimal steering angle for collection can be realized.
- the marine rudder of the present invention can generate higher lift than a single rudder in which an upper rudder and a lower rudder are integrated, and the total rudder area can be reduced. Can do.
- the rudder area of the upper and lower rudder is almost halved, so the design load on the upper and lower rudder is reduced. Therefore, the blade thickness can be reduced and the performance of the rudder alone can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a marine rudder 100 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 and 2
- 1 is a ship
- 2 is a stern
- 3 is a baseline
- 4 is a propeller center
- 5 is a turning shaft
- 6 is a starboard side
- 7 is a port side.
- the base line 3 is a horizontal line corresponding to the lower surface of the ship 1.
- the propeller center 4 means the axis of the propeller 8.
- the propeller center 4 may be horizontal or inclined.
- the steered shaft 5 is a vertical axis in this example and intersects with the propeller center 4.
- the steered shaft 5 does not have to be vertical as long as it intersects with the propeller center 4.
- the propeller 8 is single in this example, but may be a contra-rotating propeller in which the two propellers 8 are rotated in the opposite directions.
- a marine rudder 100 includes an upper rudder 10A and a lower rudder 10B, and an upper steering gear 20A and a lower steering gear 20B.
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are disposed above and below the propeller 8 disposed on the stern 2 and above and below the axis. “Backward and on the axis of the propeller 8” means that the common turning shaft 5 of the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A and the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B is located on a vertical plane including the propeller center 4 behind the propeller 8.
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are configured such that the cord length L and the rudder height H are substantially equal.
- the boundary surface between the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A and the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B substantially coincides with the height of the propeller center 4.
- the lower end of the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B is preferably above the base line 3.
- the present invention is not limited to this example. That is, the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B may have different cord lengths L or rudder heights H. Further, the boundary surface between the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A and the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B may be different from the propeller center 4.
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B have a common (same) steered shaft 5.
- the upper steering machine 20A and the lower steering machine 20B have a function of independently turning the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B. That is, the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B can be steered from the axis of the propeller 8 to the port side 7 and the starboard side 6, respectively.
- the turning angles of the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A and the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B may be 90 degrees or more at the port side 7 and starboard side 6 with respect to the propeller center 4.
- the marine rudder 100 of the present invention always rotates the propeller at any propeller rotational speed by turning the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B independently and taking an appropriate rudder angle when going straight and turning.
- a steering angle optimum for energy recovery of the streams 9a and 9b can be realized.
- the marine rudder 100 of the present invention can generate higher lift than a single rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated, and the total rudder area can be reduced. Can be reduced.
- the rudder area of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is almost halved. Therefore, the blade thickness can be reduced and the performance of the rudder alone can be improved.
- the upper steering machine 20A includes an upper steering shaft 22a and an upper steering device 24a.
- the upper rudder shaft 22 a is a hollow cylindrical shaft, the lower end is fixed to the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A, and extends upward along the steered shaft 5.
- the upper steering device 24a steers the upper end portion of the upper steering shaft 22a around the steering shaft 5. This turning angle is preferably 90 degrees or more at the port side 7 and starboard side 6.
- the lower steering machine 20B has a lower steering shaft 22b and a lower steering device 24b.
- the lower rudder shaft 22b is a solid shaft in this example, and a lower end is fixed to the lower rudder 10B and extends upward along the steered shaft 5.
- the lower steering device 24b steers the upper end portion of the lower rudder shaft 22b around the steered shaft 5. This turning angle is preferably 90 degrees or more at the port side 7 and starboard side 6.
- the rudder area of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is almost halved compared to a single rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated, and the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are designed. Since the load decreases, the necessary maximum torque of the upper rudder shaft 22a and the lower rudder shaft 22b can be almost halved, and the respective required dimensions (for example, diameter) can be reduced (thinned).
- the steered shaft 5 is preferably located in the vicinity of the center of the cord length L of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B or in the vicinity of the maximum thickness portion. Further, the thickness of the lower rudder 10B needs to be larger than the diameter of the lower rudder shaft 22b at the connecting portion of the lower rudder shaft 22b.
- the rudder area is almost halved and the design load is reduced, so the diameter of the lower rudder shaft 22b is smaller than before. It can be made small (thin), and the thickness distribution of the lower rudder 10B can be made thinner than before. Even in this case, since the lower rudder 10B can be independently steered to the optimum steering angle for energy recovery of the propeller rotating flow 9b, the energy recovery rate of the propeller rotating flow 9b can be increased.
- the upper rudder 10A needs to be provided with a through hole 11 (described later), and thus becomes larger than the thickness of the lower rudder 10B.
- the rudder area is almost halved and the design load is reduced, so the diameter of the upper rudder shaft 22a is smaller (thinner). )can do.
- the upper rudder 10A can be independently steered to the rudder angle optimum for energy recovery of the propeller rotating flow 9a, so that the energy recovery rate of the propeller rotating flow 9a can be increased.
- a hollow cylindrical upper rudder shaft 22a and a solid lower rudder shaft 22b are double tubes having the steered shaft 5 as a coaxial.
- the upper rudder shaft 22a is attached to the inside of the housing 26 provided on the stern 2 so as to be rotatable around the steered shaft 5 via a first bearing 27a.
- the seawater W is sealed from a gap between the upper rudder shaft 22a and the housing 26 by a seal (not shown).
- the upper rudder 10A has a through-hole 11 that penetrates along the steered shaft 5 from the upper surface to the lower surface.
- the lower rudder shaft 22b is attached to the inside of the through-hole 11 and the upper rudder shaft 22a so as to be rotatable about the steered shaft 5 via the second bearing 27b. Further, the seawater W is sealed by a seal (not shown) so that the seawater W does not flow from the through hole 11 and the gap between the lower rudder shaft 22b and the upper rudder shaft 22a.
- the upper steering device 24a includes an upper chiller 28a that is fixed to the upper end portion of the upper steering shaft 22a and extends horizontally, and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 29a that horizontally swing the upper chiller 28a around the steering shaft 5.
- the lower steering device 24b includes a lower chiller 28b that is fixed to the upper end of the lower steering shaft 22b and extends horizontally, and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 29b that horizontally swings the lower chiller 28b around the steering shaft 5.
- the hydraulic cylinders 29a and 29b are independently controlled by a hydraulic unit (not shown), and respectively turn the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B independently.
- the rudder area of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is almost halved, and the design of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is achieved. Since the load decreases, the necessary maximum torque of the upper steering device 24a and the lower steering device 24b is almost halved. Therefore, the components of the upper steering device 24a and the lower steering device 24b can be reduced in size.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic plan view of FIG. In this figure, the upper rudder 10A is indicated by a solid line and the lower rudder 10B is indicated by a broken line.
- the thickness distribution of the lower rudder 10B is configured to be thinner than the upper rudder 10A.
- the upper rudder 10A has an airfoil suitable for a propeller rotation flow 9a (indicated by a solid arrow) flowing from the port side 7 to the starboard side 6.
- the lower rudder 10B has an airfoil suitable for a propeller rotation flow 9b (indicated by a dashed arrow) flowing from the starboard side 6 to the port side 7.
- FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of the fluid force generated in the upper rudder 10A when going straight.
- the rotational flow 9a flowing from the port side 7 to the starboard side 6 with respect to the upper rudder 10A generates a lift La in a direction perpendicular to the flow and a drag Da in a parallel direction. If the rudder angle and the airfoil of the upper rudder 10A are selected so that the lift La is greater than the drag Da, a component force in the forward direction can be efficiently obtained.
- FIG. 3C is an explanatory diagram of the fluid force generated in the lower rudder 10B when traveling straight.
- the rotating flow 9b flowing from the starboard side 6 to the port side 7 with respect to the lower rudder 10B generates a lift Lb in a direction perpendicular to the flow and a drag Db in a parallel direction. If the rudder angle and the airfoil shape of the lower rudder 10A are selected so that the lift Lb is greater than the drag Db, a component force in the forward direction can be efficiently obtained.
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are different in wing shape or wing shape warpage.
- the marine rudder 100 of the present invention efficiently uses the energy of the propeller rotational flows 9a and 9b when compared with a single rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated. It can collect
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are not limited to this example. As long as the airfoils are suitable for the propeller rotating flows 9a and 9b, respectively, the fins F (shown by broken lines in FIG. 3A) are used for higher lift. ) Or a flap (not shown).
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B of the present invention are not limited to the above-described configuration.
- the airfoils of the upper rudder 10 ⁇ / b> A and the lower rudder 10 ⁇ / b> B may be symmetrical on the starboard side 6 and the port side 7 with respect to the propeller center 4.
- the ship 1 of the present invention is equipped with the ship rudder 100 described above.
- the cord length L of the rudder can be shortened, the stern arrangement can be facilitated, and the degree of stern enlargement can be reduced.
- the ship 1 of this invention is not limited to the uniaxial propeller 8, You may have the propeller 8 of 2 axes
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B, the upper steering unit 20A, and the lower steering unit 20B are provided on the shafts of the plurality of propellers 8, respectively.
- the ship 1 of the present invention may be provided with the above-described upper rudder 10A, lower rudder 10B, upper steering 20A, and lower steering 20B in only a part of the plurality of propellers 8.
- the steering method of the marine rudder 100 of the present invention is prepared by preparing the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B, the upper steering unit 20A and the lower steering unit 20B, and independently turning the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B. Rudder.
- FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are explanatory diagrams of the steering method of the present invention.
- the fluid force acting on the rudder will be described separately for the front-rear direction component F and the left-right direction component S.
- the front-rear direction component is Fa
- the left-right direction component Sa
- the front-rear direction component is Fb
- the left-right direction component is Sb.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the positions of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B when going straight
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the positions of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B when turning left.
- the positions of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B when traveling straight are substantially the same in a plan view, and like the one rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated,
- the energy of the propeller rotating flow 9a, 9b can be effectively recovered.
- the positions of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B when turning left can also be substantially matched in a plan view, and the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated into one piece.
- the upper rudder 10A produces a force that contributes to the left turn, whereas the lower rudder 10B has a small contribution to the left turn. In this case, the energy of the propeller rotating flow 9a, 9b cannot be effectively used. There is a similar problem when turning right.
- FIG. 4C is another diagram showing the positions of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B when turning left.
- the propeller rotating flow 9a flowing from the port side 7 to the starboard side 6 acts on the upper rudder 10A
- the propeller rotating flow 9b flowing from the starboard side 6 to the port side 7 acts on the lower rudder 10B. Therefore, as shown in this figure, the steering method according to the present invention enables propeller rotation speed by turning the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B independently and taking an appropriate rudder angle even when turning left. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively utilize the energy of the propeller rotating flows 9a and 9b and exhibit high lift. The same applies when turning right and going straight.
- 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of the steering method of the present invention during deceleration. As shown in this figure, in the steering method of the present invention, during deceleration, one of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is steered to the port side 7 and the other is steered to the starboard side 6.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a 90-degree deceleration mode, that is, a state in which the upper rudder 10A is steered to about 90 degrees on the starboard side 7 and the lower rudder 10B is steered to about 90 degrees on the starboard side 6.
- the rudder is arranged at a substantially right angle with respect to the flow, lift cannot be obtained and the drag becomes remarkable.
- a large fluid force is generated in the rudder in the direction opposite to the forward direction, and the ship 1 can be decelerated rapidly.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a 30-degree deceleration mode, that is, a state in which the upper rudder 10A is steered to the port side 7 by about 30 degrees and the lower rudder 10B is steered to the starboard side 6 by about 30 degrees.
- a steering angle of 90 degrees or less for example, the 30-degree deceleration mode of FIG. 5B, a similar effect can be obtained although the deceleration effect is reduced as compared with the 90-degree steering angle (FIG. 5A).
- the maximum steering angle of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B may be 90 degrees or more on the starboard side 6 and the port side 7. With this configuration, the steerability of the ship 1 can be ensured even when the ship 1 moves backward.
- 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of the steering method of the present invention at the time of deceleration turning.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a deceleration right turn mode, that is, a state in which the upper rudder 10A is steered to the port side 7 by about 90 degrees and the lower rudder 10B is steered to the starboard side 6 by about 30 degrees.
- the ship 1 can be turned to the right while decelerating.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a deceleration left turn mode, that is, a state in which the upper rudder 10A is steered to the port side 7 by about 30 degrees and the lower rudder 10B is steered to the starboard side 6 by about 90 degrees.
- the ship 1 can be turned left while decelerating.
- the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are arranged in the propeller center 4 (rear and on the axis line of the propeller 8), so that the energy of the propeller rotational flows 9a and 9b is transmitted by the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B. It can be recovered effectively.
- the marine rudder 100 of the present invention always rotates the propeller at any propeller rotational speed by turning the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B independently and taking an appropriate rudder angle when going straight and turning.
- a steering angle optimum for energy recovery of the streams 9a and 9b can be realized.
- the marine rudder 100 of the present invention can generate higher lift than a single rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated, and the total rudder area can be reduced. Can be reduced.
- the rudder area of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B is almost halved as compared with one rudder in which the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are integrated, the design loads of the upper rudder 10A and the lower rudder 10B are reduced. Decrease. Therefore, the blade thickness can be reduced and the performance of the rudder alone can be improved.
- the energy of the propeller rotating flow 9a, 9b can be used effectively, and the rudder area and blade thickness can be reduced.
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Abstract
Description
この要望を満たし、かつ操縦性能を維持する手段として、例えば特許文献1,2が提案されている。
前記上部舵と前記下部舵は、前記プロペラの前記軸線上から、左舷側及び右舷側にそれぞれ独立に転舵可能である、船舶用舵が提供される。
前記上部舵は、左舷側から右舷側に流れるプロペラ回転流に適した翼形を有し、
前記下部舵は、右舷側から左舷側に流れるプロペラ回転流に適した翼形を有する。
前記上部舵及び前記下部舵を、前記プロペラの前記軸線上から、左舷側及び右舷側にそれぞれ独立に転舵する、操舵方法が提供される。
図1、図2において、1は船舶、2は船尾、3はベースライン、4はプロペラセンター、5は転舵軸、6は右舷側、7は左舷側である。
転舵軸5は、この例では鉛直軸であり、プロペラセンター4と交差する。なお、転舵軸5は、プロペラセンター4と交差する限りで、鉛直でなくてもよい。
プロペラ8は、この例では単一であるが、2つのプロペラ8が互いに逆回転する二重反転プロペラであってもよい。
また、下部舵10Bの下端は、ベースライン3よりも上方であることが好ましい。
上部用操舵機20Aと下部用操舵機20Bは、上部舵10Aと下部舵10Bをそれぞれ独立に転舵する機能を有する。
すなわち、上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bは、プロペラ8の軸線上から、左舷側7及び右舷側6にそれぞれ転舵可能である。上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bの転舵角度は、プロペラセンター4に対して左舷側7及び右舷側6に最大90度以上であるのがよい。
上部舵10Aは、その上面から下面まで転舵軸5に沿って貫通する貫通孔11を有する。
下部用舵取装置24bは、下部用舵軸22bの上端部に固定され水平に延びる下部用チラー28bと、転舵軸5を中心に下部用チラー28bを水平に揺動する複数の油圧シリンダ29bとを有する。
油圧シリンダ29a,29bは、それぞれ図示しない油圧ユニットにより独立に制御され、上部舵10Aと下部舵10Bをそれぞれ独立に転舵するようになっている。
また、プロペラ回転方向を後方から見て、時計回りとした場合、上部舵10Aは、左舷側7から右舷側6に流れるプロペラ回転流9a(実線の矢印で示す)に適した翼形を有する。
また、プロペラ回転方向を後方から見て、時計回りとした場合、下部舵10Bは、右舷側6から左舷側7に流れるプロペラ回転流9b(破線の矢印で示す)に適した翼形を有する。
上部舵10Aに対し左舷側7から右舷側6に流れる回転流9aにより、流れと直角方向に揚力La、平行方向に抗力Daが発生する。抗力Daに対して揚力Laが大きくなるように、上部舵10Aの舵角および翼形を選択すれば、前進方向の分力を効率的に得ることができる。
下部舵10Bに対し右舷側6から左舷側7に流れる回転流9bにより、流れと直角方向に揚力Lb、平行方向に抗力Dbが発生する。抗力Dbに対して揚力Lbが大きくなるように、下部舵10Aの舵角および翼形を選択すれば、前進方向の分力を効率的に得ることができる。
なお、上部舵10Aと下部舵10Bは、この例に限定されず、それぞれプロペラ回転流9a,9bに適した翼形である限りで、高揚力化のため、フィンF(図3Aに破線で示す)又はフラップ(図示せず)を有してもよい。
上述した船舶用舵100を装備することにより、舵のコード長Lを短くすることができ、船尾配置を容易にし、船尾肥大度を減少させることができる。
なお、本発明の船舶1は、1軸のプロペラ8に限定されず、2軸又は3軸以上のプロペラ8を有してもよい。その場合、上述した上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bと上部用操舵機20A及び下部用操舵機20Bは、複数のプロペラ8の各軸にそれぞれ設けることが好ましい。なお、本発明の船舶1は、複数のプロペラ8のうち、一部のみに、上述した上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bと上部用操舵機20A及び下部用操舵機20Bを設けてもよい。
以下、上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bが右舷側6と左舷側7とで対称とし、下部舵10Bの肉厚分布は、上部舵10Aより薄く構成されている場合を説明する。なお、ここでは舵に働く流体力を前後方向成分Fと左右方向成分Sに分けて説明する。上部舵10Aに働く流体力のうち、前後方向成分をFa、左右方向成分をSa、下部舵10Bに働く流体力うち、前後方向成分をFb、左右方向成分をSbとする。
上述したように、上部舵10Aには左舷側7から右舷側6に流れるプロペラ回転流9aが作用し、下部舵10Bには右舷側6から左舷側7に流れるプロペラ回転流9bが作用する。
従って、この図に示すように、本発明の操舵方法は、左旋回時においても、上部舵10Aと下部舵10Bを独立に転舵させてそれぞれ適切な舵角を取ることで、プロペラ回転数に応じてプロペラ回転流9a,9bのエネルギーを有効に利用し、高揚力を発揮させることが可能である。右旋回時及び直進時も同様である。
この図に示すように、本発明の操舵方法では、減速時に、上部舵10A及び下部舵10Bの一方を左舷側7に転舵し、他方を右舷側6に転舵する。
90度以下の舵角、例えば図5Bの30度の減速モードの場合も、90度の舵角(図5A)と比較して、減速効果は落ちるが、類似の効果が得られる。
この構成により、船舶1の後進時においても、船舶1の操舵性を確保することができる。
H 舵高さ
L コード長
W 海水
1 船舶
2 船尾
3 ベースライン
4 プロペラセンター
5 転舵軸
6 右舷側
7 左舷側
8 プロペラ
9a,9b プロペラ回転流
10A 上部舵
10B 下部舵
11 貫通孔
20A 上部用操舵機
20B 下部用操舵機
22a 上部用舵軸
22b 下部用舵軸
24a 上部用舵取装置
24b 下部用舵取装置
26 ハウジング
27a 第1軸受
27b 第2軸受
28a 上部用チラー
28b 下部用チラー
29a,29b 油圧シリンダ
100 船舶用舵
Claims (8)
- 船尾に配置されたプロペラの後方かつ軸線上に上下に配置された上部舵及び下部舵を備え、
前記上部舵と前記下部舵は、前記プロペラの前記軸線上から、左舷側及び右舷側にそれぞれ独立に転舵可能である、船舶用舵。 - 前記上部舵と前記下部舵をそれぞれ独立に転舵可能な上部用舵取機と下部用舵取機を備える、請求項1に記載の船舶用舵。
- 前記下部舵の肉厚分布は、前記上部舵より薄く構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の船舶用舵。
- プロペラ回転方向を後方から見て、時計回りとした場合、
前記上部舵は、左舷側から右舷側に流れるプロペラ回転流に適した翼形を有し、
前記下部舵は、右舷側から左舷側に流れるプロペラ回転流に適した翼形を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の船舶用舵。 - 前記上部舵と前記下部舵とは、翼形又は翼形の反り線が相違する、請求項1又は2に記載の船舶用舵。
- 船尾に配置されたプロペラの後方かつ軸線上に上下に配置された上部舵及び下部舵を準備し、
前記上部舵及び前記下部舵を、前記プロペラの前記軸線上から、左舷側及び右舷側にそれぞれ独立に転舵する、操舵方法。 - 減速時又は減速旋回時に、前記上部舵及び前記下部舵の一方を左舷側に転舵し、他方を右舷側に転舵する、請求項6に記載の操舵方法。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用舵を装備した、船舶。
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JP2017554708A JP6698103B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | 操舵方法 |
SG11201803107WA SG11201803107WA (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | Rudder for ships, steering method, and ship |
PCT/JP2015/084484 WO2017098595A1 (ja) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | 船舶用舵、操舵方法及び船舶 |
CN201580085195.7A CN108290628A (zh) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | 船舶用舵、操舵方法及船舶 |
PH12018500496A PH12018500496A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2018-03-07 | Rudder for ships, steering method, and ship |
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DE202019102807U1 (de) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-03-05 | Becker Marine Systems Gmbh | Ruder für Schiffe und Doppelpropellerschiff mit zwei Rudern |
JP6608553B1 (ja) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-11-20 | ジャパン・ハムワージ株式会社 | 輻輳海域の避航操船方法および避航操船システム |
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KR20090110779A (ko) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 | 핀이 장착된 방향타 |
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JP2013107522A (ja) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-06-06 | Nippon Yusen Kk | ラダーバルブおよび船舶用舵 |
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JP2005247122A (ja) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-09-15 | Oshima Shipbuilding Co Ltd | 舵装置およびその取付方法 |
JP2008221881A (ja) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-25 | Universal Shipbuilding Corp | 一軸二舵システム |
CN101746498A (zh) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-06-23 | 武汉理工大学 | 分体式助推高效舵 |
JP2012240496A (ja) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-12-10 | Heian Kaiun Kk | 2軸船の舵機構 |
JP2013166454A (ja) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 船舶の舵装置およびこれを備えた船舶 |
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JP7440136B1 (ja) | 2023-01-25 | 2024-02-28 | 株式会社鷹取製作所 | 船舶の操縦支援装置 |
WO2024157501A1 (ja) * | 2023-01-25 | 2024-08-02 | 株式会社鷹取製作所 | 船舶の操縦支援装置 |
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PH12018500496A1 (en) | 2018-09-24 |
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