WO2017086053A1 - アイセーフ光源 - Google Patents
アイセーフ光源 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017086053A1 WO2017086053A1 PCT/JP2016/080018 JP2016080018W WO2017086053A1 WO 2017086053 A1 WO2017086053 A1 WO 2017086053A1 JP 2016080018 W JP2016080018 W JP 2016080018W WO 2017086053 A1 WO2017086053 A1 WO 2017086053A1
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- eye
- light
- safe
- light source
- emitting end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/02218—Material of the housings; Filling of the housings
- H01S5/02234—Resin-filled housings; the housings being made of resin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0225—Out-coupling of light
- H01S5/02255—Out-coupling of light using beam deflecting elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0225—Out-coupling of light
- H01S5/02257—Out-coupling of light using windows, e.g. specially adapted for back-reflecting light to a detector inside the housing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/023—Mount members, e.g. sub-mount members
- H01S5/0232—Lead-frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/44—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/45—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/45001—Core members of the connector
- H01L2224/45099—Material
- H01L2224/451—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
- H01L2224/45144—Gold (Au) as principal constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48105—Connecting bonding areas at different heights
- H01L2224/48106—Connecting bonding areas at different heights the connector being orthogonal to a side surface of the semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. parallel layout
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/49—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of wire connectors
- H01L2224/491—Disposition
- H01L2224/49105—Connecting at different heights
- H01L2224/49107—Connecting at different heights on the semiconductor or solid-state body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/49—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of wire connectors
- H01L2224/491—Disposition
- H01L2224/4912—Layout
- H01L2224/49175—Parallel arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/02218—Material of the housings; Filling of the housings
- H01S5/0222—Gas-filled housings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0225—Out-coupling of light
- H01S5/02253—Out-coupling of light using lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0233—Mounting configuration of laser chips
- H01S5/02345—Wire-bonding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an eye-safe light source that has been made eye-safe and an electronic device including the same.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an optical proximity sensor (reflective optical coupling device) mounted on a mobile phone.
- the power source is a battery, it is strongly desired to reduce the power consumption of the mounted module. Moreover, also in the wireless optical communication equipment using illumination, reduction of power consumption is desired from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. In the wireless optical communication module, the optical sensor module, and the like, since the light source that mainly emits light consumes power, it is desired to reduce the power consumption of the light source.
- light sources for wireless optical communication and optical sensoring, etc. must ensure safety (eye-safe) for human eyes. Moreover, in order to use it for wireless optical communication, optical sensing, etc., it is necessary to arrange light distribution.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose eye-safe light sources in which laser light emitted from a semiconductor laser is made eye-safe.
- the laser light passes through the light scattering layer, so that the spot diameter of the laser light is widened and the laser light is made eye-safe.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a lens shape that adjusts light from an eye-safe light source in which such laser light is made eye-safe into a light intensity distribution suitable for wireless optical communication and adjusts light distribution characteristics.
- the wire connected to the semiconductor laser passes through the light scattering layer that multiplexly scatters the laser light, there is a problem that the shadow of the wire is generated in the virtual light source in which the laser light is made eye-safe and the luminous efficiency is lowered.
- the shadow of the wire makes the light density of the virtual light source non-uniform and deviates from the ideal light intensity distribution.
- the semiconductor laser when the semiconductor laser is bonded to the substrate without the submount, the laser light emitted so as to spread from the semiconductor laser hits the substrate, so that the laser light cannot spread and the eye-safe performance is deteriorated. Even if the submount is used, if the semiconductor laser is bonded to the inside of the submount, the shadow of the submount is generated in the virtual light source, and the light emission efficiency is lowered.
- the conventional eye-safe light source has a problem that the alignment characteristics are lost due to the eye-safe and a problem that the light emission efficiency is low.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to improve luminous efficiency while adjusting alignment characteristics in an eye-safe light source.
- an eye-safe light source includes a substrate, a semiconductor laser that emits laser light from a light emitting end surface, and a wire that is bonded to the semiconductor laser, and the semiconductor laser Is bonded to the substrate so as to emit the laser light in a direction parallel to a reference plane of the substrate, and the substrate includes a reflective surface facing the light emitting end surface and reflecting the laser light.
- the direction in which the wire extends is perpendicular to the direction in which the laser beam is emitted from the light emitting end face.
- light emission efficiency can be improved while adjusting the alignment characteristics.
- FIG. 1A is a top view seen through the resin portion
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A1-A1 in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B1-B1 in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1D is a bottom view in which the resin portion is not seen through.
- FIG. 2 corresponds to the right part of FIG. 1B and shows the spread of the laser beam and the optical axis.
- FIG. 4A is a top view of the resin part seen through without the cover
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A2-A2 in FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B2-B2 in FIG. 6A
- FIG. 4D is a perspective view excluding a cover for showing a three-dimensional shape of the resin portion.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining eye-safety in a modification in which a cover 228 a that scatters laser light is provided in the eye-safe light source shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 corresponds to the right part of FIG. 4B and shows the spread of the laser beam and the optical axis. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the semiconductor laser periphery of the eye safe light source which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- 6A is a top view seen through the resin portion
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A3-A3 in FIG. 6A
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B3-B3 in FIG. 6A
- 6D is a perspective view illustrating the three-dimensional shape of the resin portion. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the semiconductor laser periphery of the eye safe light source which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.
- 7A is a top view seen through the resin portion
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A4-A4 in FIG. 7A
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow B4-B4 in FIG.
- FIG. 9A is a top view of the resin part seen through without the cover
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A5-A5 in FIG. 9A.
- c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B5-B5 in FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the optical sensor which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention.
- Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration around a semiconductor laser 100 of an eye-safe light source 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 1A is a top view seen through the resin portion 106
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A1-A1 in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B1-B1 of FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1D is a bottom view of the resin portion 106 that is not seen through.
- the direction in which the eye-safe light source 1 emits light will be described as above. However, the direction of the eye-safe light source 1 at the time of manufacture and use is not limited.
- the eye-safe light source 1 includes a semiconductor laser 100 that emits laser light 114 from left and right light emitting end surfaces 100l and right light emitting end surfaces 100r, a submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted, and a metal lead.
- a package (substrate) 108 having a frame (hereinafter abbreviated as a lead frame) 104 and a resin portion 106 and a wire 110 are provided, and is a surface mount type.
- a mark 112 is provided so that the direction of the anode and the cathode can be seen.
- the optical axis 118 indicates the direction in which the eye-safe light is emitted from the eye-safe light source 1, and is perpendicular to the upper surface (reference surface) of the lead frame 104 and the upper surface of the package 108.
- the package 108 is a member in which the periphery of the lead frame 104 is partially covered (packaged) with the resin portion 106.
- a recess 120 (internal space) having an opening (opening) 124 is formed in the resin portion 106, and a part of the upper surface (exposed portion 122) of the lead frame 104 is exposed from the recess 120.
- the opening 124 is open on the upper surface of the package 108.
- the package 108 houses the semiconductor laser 100 in the recess 120.
- the lead frame 104 is obtained by punching and plating a thin metal plate such as a copper-based alloy and is excellent in thermal conductivity, heat dissipation, mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity. Since the exposed portion 122 is electrically and thermally connected to the semiconductor laser 100 on the upper surface of the lead frame 104, the exposed portion 122 is not covered with the resin portion 106 as shown in FIGS. Are exposed in the recess 120. Most of the lower surface of the lead frame 104 is exposed downward from the resin portion 106 to dissipate heat, as shown in FIGS. The lead frame 104 is electrically connected to the outside through lead terminals not shown in FIG. Alternatively, the lead frame 104 may be electrically connected to the outside through the lower surface of the lead frame 104 exposed from the resin portion 106.
- the lead frame 104 includes a cathode portion 104 c connected to the cathode of the semiconductor laser 100 and an anode portion 104 a connected to the anode of the semiconductor laser 100.
- the cathode portion 104 c and the anode portion 104 a are joined by the resin portion 106 and insulated by the resin portion 106.
- the submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted is bonded onto the exposed portion 122 of the cathode portion 104c. It should be noted that the size of the cathode portion 104c and the anode portion 104a and the arrangement with respect to the semiconductor laser 100 may be reversed.
- the resin forming the resin portion 106 is a white thermoplastic resin including a light scatterer that scatters the laser light 114, and is a resin often used for LED (Light Emitting Diode) light sources.
- the resin portion 106 may be formed of, for example, polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate (PCT) resin or polyphthalamide (PPA) resin.
- PCT polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate
- PPA polyphthalamide
- white resin was used in order to improve a reflectance, you may use resin of another color, such as red, according to the wavelength of the laser beam 114 and the use of the eye safe light source 1.
- a thermoplastic resin is used, a resin having another property such as thermosetting or photo-curing property may be used depending on the manufacturing method of the package 108.
- a control element for controlling the light emission of the semiconductor laser 100 may be bonded to the lead frame 104 and sealed with the resin portion 106. Further, other semiconductor elements may be resin-sealed inside the package 108.
- the mark 112 is formed as a depression of a right isosceles triangle on the resin portion 106 on the upper surface of the package 108. Thereby, since the mark 112 can be formed simultaneously with the molding of the resin portion 106, it is possible to eliminate an error in attaching the mark 112. Note that the mark 112 is not necessarily provided.
- the metal lead frame 104 is excellent in thermal conductivity and heat dissipation. Therefore, by joining the submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is placed to the exposed portion 122 of the lead frame 104, the heat generated by the semiconductor laser 100 can be quickly radiated. Therefore, the eye-safe light source 1 is excellent in heat dissipation.
- the package 108 including the metal lead frame 104 is superior in mechanical strength as compared with a package not including the metal lead frame. For this reason, even if the package 108 is thinned, the mechanical strength required for the eye-safe light source 1 can be achieved, and the eye-safe light source 1 can be thinned.
- the recess 120 has a substantially inverted quadrangular frustum shape.
- the recess 120 has a rectangular upper base (opening 124) that opens on the upper surface of the package 108, a rectangular lower base from which the exposed portion 122 of the lead frame 104 is exposed, and a trapezoidal shape extending between the upper base and the lower base.
- the upper base area is larger than the lower base area.
- the recess 120 may have another shape such as a substantially inverted truncated cone.
- the concave portion 120 when the concave portion 120 is a simple shape such as a substantially inverted truncated pyramid or a substantially inverted truncated cone, the concave portion 120 can be easily formed. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the package 108 including the recess 120, that is, the eye-safe light source 1 including the package 108.
- the inside of the recess 120 is a cavity, and the opening 124 of the recess 120 is opened without being closed. Accordingly, there is nothing in particular in the vicinity of both light emitting end faces (the left light emitting end face 100l and the right light emitting end face 100r) of the semiconductor laser 100, and the vicinity of both the light emitting end faces is a vacuum or a gas such as air exists.
- the function of the eye-safe light source 1 is not deteriorated by the modification of the substances in the vicinity of both light emitting end faces (the left light emitting end face 100l and the right light emitting end face 100r). That is, it is possible to prevent the eye-safe property and the light emission efficiency of the eye-safe light source 1 from being lowered due to continuous use and long-time use.
- the service life of the eye-safe light source 1 is extended. Further, in the eye-safe light source 1, there is no material that is thermally damaged or optically damaged inside the recess 120, so that the material in the vicinity of both light emitting end faces of the semiconductor laser 100 is thermally optical. Will not be damaged.
- portions other than both light emitting end faces (left light emitting end face 100l and right light emitting end face 100r) of the semiconductor laser 100 may be covered with resin or the like. Further, both light emitting end faces of the semiconductor laser 100 may be covered as long as the material does not generate heat by absorbing the laser light 114, such as a transparent resin not including a light scatterer.
- the inside of the recess 120 is hollow, and the semiconductor laser 100 inside the recess 120 is exposed without being sealed with resin or gas. Furthermore, since the semiconductor laser 100 is bonded to the lead frame 104 via the submount 102, the semiconductor laser 100 can be expanded and contracted according to temperature changes. Thus, it is preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical load that the semiconductor laser 100 can be expanded and contracted.
- the semiconductor laser 100 generates heat when it emits light. For this reason, when the semiconductor laser 100 is resin-sealed, stress is generated due to a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor laser 100 and the sealing resin, and a mechanical load is applied to the semiconductor laser 100 and the sealing resin. . Although the result of such a mechanical load has not been clarified, there is a concern that some defect may occur. Therefore, it is preferable not to resin-seal the semiconductor laser 100 so that stress is not generated. Further, even when the semiconductor laser 100 is gas-sealed, the sealing gas expands due to the heat generated by the semiconductor laser 100 and stress is generated on the package 108, and in particular, an addition is added to the resin portion 106. It is preferable not to gas seal the laser 100.
- the submount 102 is joined to the center of the bottom of the recess 120 of the package 108 and joined to the exposed portion 122 of the cathode portion 104 c of the lead frame 104.
- the submount 102 is electrically connected to the anode of the semiconductor laser 100, and is electrically connected to the anode portion 104 a of the lead frame 104 via the wire 110.
- the submount 102 is thermally connected to the semiconductor laser 100 and thermally connected to the cathode portion 104 c of the lead frame 104.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is an infrared semiconductor laser that emits laser light having a wavelength longer than 700 nm. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the semiconductor laser 100 emits laser light 114 symmetrically from the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r. Therefore, the left and right end faces and the vicinity of the end faces of the resonator formed in the semiconductor laser 100 are optically symmetric. For example, an equivalent optical end face coating may be applied to the left light emitting end face 100l and the right light emitting end face 100r of the semiconductor laser 100, or an equivalent optical window structure may be formed. Alternatively, the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r of the semiconductor laser 100 may be exposed without the optical end surface coating and the optical window structure.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted on the submount 102 so that the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r protrude from the submount 102, respectively. . Since it protrudes, the laser beam 114 is emitted toward the resin portion 106 without being blocked by the submount 102.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is bonded to the lead frame 104 via the submount 102 so as to emit laser light 114 parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104. That is, the semiconductor laser 100 is positioned relative to the lead frame 104 so that the resonator of the semiconductor laser 100 is parallel to the top surface of the lead frame 104 and the active layer of the semiconductor laser 100 is parallel to the top surface of the lead frame 104. It is placed flat.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is an infrared laser. Has sufficient durability and long-term reliability with respect to the laser beam 114 emitted from the semiconductor laser 106.
- the semiconductor laser 100 may be a visible light semiconductor laser that emits laser light having a wavelength in the visible light region, or may be an ultraviolet semiconductor laser that emits laser light having a wavelength in the ultraviolet region. Good.
- EMC EpoxypMolding ⁇ Compound
- the laser light 114 emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 is emitted toward the resin portion 106 without being blocked by the submount 102. Therefore, since the shadow of the submount 102 does not occur, the light extraction efficiency of the eye-safe light source 1 with respect to the laser light 114 can be improved. Furthermore, the power consumption of the electronic device provided with the eye safe light source 1 and the eye safe light source 1 can be suppressed by improving the light extraction efficiency.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is bonded to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 via the submount 102, the laser light 114 emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 is not blocked by the submount 102 (the lead frame 104 side) can also go straight while spreading like the upper side (opening 124 side). Since it goes straight in the same way on the upper side and the lower side, it becomes easy to predictably control the light distribution of the laser beam 114 by the reflecting surface 116 made of the resin portion 106.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted flat on the lead frame 104.
- the depth of the recessed part 120 distance between the upper base and the lower base of the recessed part 120
- the package 108 ie, the eye safe light source 1
- the optical path length until the laser beam 114 reaches the reflecting surface 116 can be increased without changing the depth of the recess 120.
- the eye-safe light source 1 can be thinned.
- the wire 110 is a gold wire and is a power line that supplies power for driving the semiconductor laser 100.
- One wire 110 connects the cathode of the semiconductor laser 100 and the cathode portion 104 c of the lead frame 104.
- the single wire 110 extends from the semiconductor laser 100 to the front side (the lower side in the drawing in FIG. 1A), and is emitted in parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 when viewed from the direction of the optical axis 118. It is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the light 114.
- Another wire 110 connects the submount 102 connected to the anode of the semiconductor laser 100 and the anode portion 104 a of the lead frame 104.
- the other wire 110 extends from the submount 102 to the rear side (the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 1A) and is emitted in parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 when viewed from the direction of the optical axis 118.
- the laser beam 114 is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis.
- each of the wires 110 is substantially orthogonal to the laser beam 114 when viewed from above. For this reason, the laser beam 114 is not blocked by the wire 110. Therefore, since the shadow of the wire 110 does not occur, the light extraction efficiency of the eye-safe light source 1 with respect to the laser beam 114 can be improved. Furthermore, the power consumption of the electronic device provided with the eye safe light source 1 and the eye safe light source 1 can be suppressed by improving the light extraction efficiency.
- Reflective surface the reflection surface 116 that reflects the laser beam 114 will be described.
- the reflection surface 116 is two of the four side surfaces of the recess 120 facing each other, and faces the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r of the semiconductor laser 100 that emits the laser light 114, respectively.
- the reflecting surface 116 is perpendicular to the direction in which the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 114 and passes through the center of the semiconductor laser 100 (the intermediate point between the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r) (first symmetry surface). On the other hand, they are symmetrical with each other.
- the reflecting surface 116 is a surface that passes through the light emitting center of the left light emitting end surface 100l and the light emitting center of the right light emitting end surface, which is perpendicular to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 and parallel to the direction in which the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser light 114. Each plane is symmetrical with respect to the second plane of symmetry).
- the reflection surface 116 is a plane inclined upward with respect to the upper surface of the lead frame 104. Due to this inclination, the laser beam 114 emitted parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 is reflected in the direction of the optical axis 118. Moreover, since the reflecting surface 116 is the surface of the resin part 106 containing a light-scattering body, it reflects and reflects the laser beam 114. Due to this scattering reflection, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 is widened, so that the light density of the laser beam 114 is lower after reflection than before reflection.
- the orientation when emitted is emitted.
- the laser beam 114 is scattered and reflected upward while maintaining the characteristics to some extent.
- the laser beam 114 When the laser beam 114 is emitted from the right light emitting end surface 100r of the semiconductor laser 100 substantially parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104, the laser beam 114 is emitted so as to spread at a certain angle from the spot diameter in units of micrometers. For this reason, the laser beam 114 is highly coherent, but spreads away from the right light emitting end surface 100r, so that the light density of the laser beam 114 decreases.
- the spread angle of the laser beam 114 emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 which is an infrared semiconductor laser, is about 20 degrees in the direction perpendicular to the active layer and about 10 degrees in the direction parallel to the active layer.
- the laser beam 114 emitted from the left light emitting end face 100 l is emitted so as to spread substantially parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104.
- the laser beam 114 travels while spreading, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 spreads on the reflecting surface 116 away from both the light emitting end surfaces (the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r). The density has decreased to some extent. Therefore, the laser beam 114 is already made eye-safe to some extent before being scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface 116.
- the semiconductor laser 100 emits laser light 114 symmetrically from both light emitting end faces of the left light emitting end face 100l and the right light emitting end face 100r. For this reason, the laser light 114 emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 has a light density that is approximately half that of the semiconductor laser that emits light only from one end face with the same total light quantity. Thus, since the light density is low, the laser beam 114 can be easily made eye-safe.
- the eye-safe laser beam 114 is also symmetric. For this reason, the eye-safe light source 1 is a light source with good symmetry.
- the laser beam 114 that has already been made eye-safe to some extent is scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface 116, the laser beam 114 is sufficiently made eye-safe. Since the laser light 114 that is sufficiently eye-safe in this way is emitted from the opening 124 that opens on the upper surface of the package 108, the light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 is sufficiently eye-safe.
- the luminous efficiency of the eye-safe light source 1 which is the amount of light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 with respect to the power consumed by the eye-safe light source 1, will be described.
- the inside of the recess 120 is a cavity, and there is no light scatterer that scatters the laser beam 114. For this reason, the laser beam 114 reaches the reflecting surface 116 without being scattered. Therefore, the scattered light is not absorbed by the submount 102. For this reason, the eye safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the inside of the recess 120 is a cavity, and the semiconductor laser 100 is covered with air. Since the semiconductor laser 100 is an infrared semiconductor laser, as is generally the case, the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r are optimal so that the efficiency of extracting light with respect to the atmosphere (air) is maximized. Designed. Therefore, since the light can be extracted from the semiconductor laser 100 with maximum efficiency, the eye-safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the eye safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the wire 110 is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the laser beam 114 is emitted when viewed from above (viewed from a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the lead frame 104). For this reason, the wire 110 does not block the optical path of the laser beam 114, and the shadow of the wire 110 does not occur in the virtual light source in which the laser beam 114 is made eye-safe. For this reason, the eye safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency. Furthermore, since the wire 110 extends inside the recess 120 where there is no light scatterer, the wire 110 does not absorb the scattered light. For this reason, the eye safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted on the submount 102 so that the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r protrude from the submount 102 in a top view. Therefore, the laser light 114 emitted so as to spread from the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r reaches the reflecting surface 116 without being blocked by the submount 102. Further, the semiconductor laser 100 is lifted from the upper surface of the lead frame 104 by sandwiching a submount between the semiconductor laser 100 and the lead frame 104. For this reason, the laser beam 114 can reach the reflecting surface 116 directly without being reflected by the upper surface of the lead frame 104 and without being blocked by the lead frame 104. Therefore, since the shadow of the submount 102 does not occur in the virtual light source in which the laser beam 114 is made eye-safe, and no stray light is generated by reflection on the lead frame 104, the eye-safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the resin portion 106 having the reflective surface 116 is a white resin including a light scatterer often used for LED light sources. For this reason, the light reflectivity of the reflective surface 116 is high and the light absorption rate is low. Therefore, the eye-safe light source 1 is excellent in luminous efficiency.
- the laser beam 114 is scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface 116, but is not scattered before reaching the reflecting surface 116. For this reason, the intensity distribution of the light density of the laser light 114 scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface 116 is generally averaged by scattering, and generally maintains the light distribution characteristics when emitted from the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r. ing. For this reason, the reflection surface 116 lowers the strong intensity peak on the optical axis (center of the spot) of the laser beam 114, and averages the intensity of the light density between the periphery and the center of the spot, while distributing the light distribution characteristics. Can be arranged.
- the laser beam 114 is sufficiently eye-safe without passing through a light scattering layer including a light scatterer that scatters the laser beam. For this reason, in the eye-safe light source 1, the light distribution characteristics of the laser light 114 can be adjusted while making the laser light 114 eye-safe, and the polarization characteristics of the laser light 114 can be maintained at least partially.
- the laser light is made eye-safe by passing through a light scattering layer including a light scatterer that scatters the laser light. For this reason, the laser light loses its light distribution characteristics and polarization characteristics due to multiple scattering while passing through the light scattering layer.
- the polarization characteristics of the laser light 114 emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 may be adjusted so that the laser light 114 passes through the light scattering layer.
- the opening 124 may be covered with a cover, and the type or concentration of the light scatterer included in the cover or the thickness of the cover may be adjusted. In this way, the polarization ratio of the laser beam 114 transmitted through the cover and emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 can be adjusted in the range of about 2 to 100.
- the light distribution characteristics can be adjusted depending on the shape of the reflecting surface 116, so that it is not necessary to provide a lens for adjusting the light distribution characteristics. For this reason, the eye safe light source 1 is suitable for thickness reduction.
- the lens may be an external lens or may be integrated with a cover that covers the opening 124.
- the eye-safe laser beam 114 at least partially maintains the polarization characteristics when emitted from the semiconductor laser 100.
- the eye-safe light source 1 is suitable for applications that utilize polarization characteristics.
- the eye-safe light source 1 may be provided in an electronic device for biometric authentication.
- Modification 1 of Embodiment 1 in which a cover 128a is provided in the opening 124 in the eye-safe light source 1 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining eye-safety in a modification in which the cover 128a that scatters the laser beam 114 is provided in the eye-safe light source 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 2 corresponds to the right side of FIG. 1B and shows the spread of the laser beam 114 and the optical axis 134.
- the range of the spread of the laser beam 114 shown in FIG. 2 is a range until the intensity of the light density reaches 1 / e of the peak value (e is the base of natural logarithm).
- the cover 128 a is a cover provided so that foreign matter does not enter the recess 120, and is formed of a resin including a light scatterer that scatters the laser light 114. Although not shown here, since the breathing hole is provided in the cover 128a, the gas inside the recess 120 can enter and exit through the breathing hole. Since the cover 128a is formed of a resin containing a light scatterer, in the modification in which the cover 128a is provided, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 is increased as shown in FIG.
- the optical axis 134 is the optical axis of the laser beam 114.
- the spot diameter R 0 is the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 on the right light emitting end face 100r.
- the spot diameter R 1 is the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 viewed from the direction of the optical axis 118 when the laser beam 114 hits the reflecting surface 116.
- the spot diameter R 2 is, when the laser beam 114 is incident to the cover 128a, a spot diameter of the laser beam 114.
- the spot diameter R 3 is after the laser beam 114 is passed through the cover 128a, a spot diameter of the laser beam 114.
- the optical path length l 1 is the optical path length of the laser light 114 from the right light emitting end surface 100r to the reflecting surface 116 along the optical axis 134 of the laser light 114
- the optical path length l 2 is the optical axis of the laser light 114
- 134 is the optical path length of the laser beam 114 from the reflecting surface 116 to the cover 128 a along the line 134.
- the laser beam 114 is emitted from the right emission end face 100r of the semiconductor laser 100 so as to spread at a certain angle from the spot diameter R0 in units of micrometers. For this reason, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 increases while proceeding parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104. Then, the laser beam 114 advances the optical path length l 1, when the laser beam 114 reaches the reflecting surface 116, the laser beam 114 is spread to the spot diameter R 1. Therefore, as in the case where the cover 128a is not provided, the laser beam 114 becomes more eye-safe due to the spread of the spot diameter as the distance (optical path length l 1 ) between the right light emitting end surface 100r of the semiconductor laser 100 and the reflecting surface 116 increases. Is done.
- the laser beam 114 that has reached the reflecting surface 116 is scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface 116. Due to the scattering reflection, the light density inside the spot of the laser beam 114 is averaged, and the laser beam 114 is further made eye-safe.
- the scattered and reflected laser beam 114 travels straight from the reflecting surface 116 to the cover 128a. Then, the optical path length l 2 proceeds laser beam 114, when the laser beam 114 reaches the cover 128a, the laser beam 114 is spread to the spot diameter R 2. Therefore, as the distance (optical path length l 2 ) between the reflecting surface 116 and the cover 128a increases, the laser beam 114 is further made eye-safe due to the spread of the spot diameter.
- the laser beam 114 incident on the cover 128a is refracted by the difference in refractive index between the resin forming the cover 128a and the gas (air) filling the recess 120.
- the resin forming the cover 128 a includes a light scatterer that scatters the laser beam 114.
- refraction and scattering and the spot diameter of the laser beam 114, while passing through the cover 128a extends from the spot diameter R 2 of the time of incidence to the spot diameter R 3 at exit.
- the light density inside the spot of the laser beam 114 is further averaged by scattering.
- the polarization characteristics of the laser beam 114 when emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 are partially maintained by adjusting the type and concentration of the light scatterer contained in the resin, the thickness of the cover 128a, and the like. can do.
- the polarization characteristic of the eye-safe light emitted from the eye-safe light source 2 can be adjusted.
- the polarization ratio can be adjusted in the range of 2 to 100.
- the spot diameter of the virtual light source is a spot diameter R 1 on the reflecting surface 116.
- the cover 128a is provided, a virtual light source for eye-safe the laser beam 114 becomes the cover 128a, the spot diameter of the virtual light source is a spot diameter R 3 of the cover 128a. Therefore, in the present modification, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 is increased by the optical path length l 2 as compared with the case where the cover 128a is not provided, the spot diameter of the laser beam 114 is increased by scattering in the cover 128a, and the laser beam by scattering. The averaging of the light density within the spot of the light 114 proceeds in parallel.
- the light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 is further sufficiently eye-safe.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a modification example in which a cover 128b having a lens 132 for collimating the laser beam 114 is provided in the eye-safe light source shown in FIG.
- the cover 128b is a cover provided so that foreign matter does not enter the recess 120, and is formed of a resin that does not include a light scatterer. Further, since a breathing hole (not shown) is provided in the cover 128b, the gas inside the recess 120 can enter and exit through the breathing hole. Thus, when the gas enters and exits through the breathing hole, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the recess 120 (the pressure difference between the inside of the recess 120 and the outside of the package 108 and the cover 128b) caused by a sudden temperature change is generated. It can be suppressed. It is possible to prevent the cover from falling off by suppressing the occurrence of the internal / external pressure difference.
- the cover 128b is integrally formed to include a lens 132 for the laser light 114 emitted from the left light emitting end surface 100l and a lens 132 for the laser light 114 emitted from the right light emitting end surface 100r.
- One of the lenses 132 is formed so that the laser beam 114 emitted from the left light emitting end surface 100l is converted into parallel light.
- the other of the lenses 132 is formed so that the laser beam 114 emitted from the right light emitting end surface 100r is collimated.
- the lens 132 may be an aspheric lens or a spherical lens.
- the light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 has a better light distribution characteristic than when the cover 128b is not provided.
- the eye-safe light source 1 according to the second modification of the first embodiment is suitable for an application that is optically coupled to an optical fiber.
- the lens 132 may be an external lens that is not integral with the cover 128b. When the lens 132 is an external lens, it is easy to adjust the light distribution characteristics of the light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration around the semiconductor laser 100 of the eye-safe light source 2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- 4A is a top view of the resin portion 206 seen through without the cover 228, and
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A2-A2 of FIG. 4 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B2-B2 of FIG. 4 (a), and
- FIG. 4 (d) is a perspective view excluding the cover 228 for showing the three-dimensional shape of the resin portion 206.
- the eye-safe light source 2 includes a semiconductor laser 100 that emits laser light 214, a submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is placed, a package 208 having a lead frame 104 and a resin portion 206, wires 110, and And a cover 228 having a breathing hole 230.
- a mark 112 is provided so that the direction of the anode and the cathode can be seen.
- the opening 124 is open, whereas in the eye-safe light source 2 according to the second embodiment, the opening 224 is covered by a cover 228 having a breathing hole 230. That is.
- the shape of the recess 120 included in the resin portion 106 is a three-dimensional shape such as a substantially inverted truncated pyramid. That is, the shape of the recess 220 included in the resin portion 206 is a three-dimensional shape in which a substantially inverted square frustum and a substantially semi-cylindrical body are overlapped.
- the eye-safe light source 2 according to the second embodiment differs from the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment in that the cover 228 having the breathing hole 230 is provided and in the shape of the concave portion 220 of the resin portion 206.
- the shape of the recess 220 is a three-dimensional shape in which the substantially inverted quadrangular pyramid and the substantially semi-cylinder are overlapped so that the upper base of the approximately inverted quadrangular pyramid and the cut surface from the substantially semi-cylindrical cylinder are in the same plane.
- the reflection surface 216 that scatters and reflects the laser beam 214 is a substantially semi-cylindrical curved surface portion, and the exposed portion 122 on the upper surface of the lead frame 104 is exposed from the lower bottom portion of the substantially inverted square frustum. Therefore, as can be seen from FIG. 1B and FIG. 4B, the reflective surface 116 according to the first embodiment is a side surface (plane) facing each other of a substantially inverted quadrangular pyramid, whereas the reflection surface 116 according to the second embodiment.
- the reflection surface 216 is a curved surface.
- the reflecting surface 216 is a part of a curved surface that is drawn by a locus of movement of the parabola when the parabola moves in a direction perpendicular to the surface including the parabola.
- the plane including the parabola is parallel to the optical axis 118 and the direction in which the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 214, and the symmetry axis of the parabola is parallel to the optical axis 118.
- the symmetry axis of the parabola may be inclined with respect to the optical axis 118.
- the reflecting surface 216 facing the right light emitting end surface 100r is a part of a curved surface obtained by translating a parabola whose focal point is the light emission center of the right light emitting end surface 100r.
- the reflecting surface 216 facing the left light emitting end surface 100l is a part of a curved surface obtained by translating a parabola whose focal point is the light emission center of the left light emitting end surface 100l.
- the position of the focal point of the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 216 in FIG. 4B coincides with the position of the light emission center of the light emitting end surface (left light emitting end surface 100l or right light emitting end surface 100r) facing the reflecting surface 216.
- Both of the reflection surfaces 216 facing the end surface 100r may be part of a curved surface in which a parabola whose focal point is an intermediate point between the light emission centers of the right light emission end surface 100r and the left light emission end surface 100l is translated. In this case as well, it is important that the distance from the left and right light emitting end faces 100l, 100r to the reflecting surface 216 is not too close, and that an appropriate distance is taken between them.
- the intensity per unit area of the laser beam 214 is rapidly increased. Therefore, even if the laser beam 214 is infrared, the laser beam 214 is made of resin. This is because the surface 216 may be thermally damaged. In order to avoid thermal damage, an appropriate distance is required between the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r and the reflecting surface 216.
- the above simple handling is possible.
- the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r need to be sufficiently separated from the reflecting surface 216 in order to avoid thermal damage.
- the position of the light emission center of the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r and the position of the focal point of the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 216 are greatly shifted. Due to the deviation, the reflected laser beam 214 is largely inclined from the optical axis 118.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is a semiconductor laser having a long cavity length
- the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r are respectively emitted from the light emission centers in order to bring the reflected left and right laser beams 114 parallel to the optical axis 118.
- the reflecting surface 216 may be a part of a curved surface made up of other substantially parabolas.
- the reflecting surface 216 may be a part of a cylindrical surface that can be approximated to a surface in which a parabola is translated.
- the reflecting surface 216 is a part of a curved surface made of a parabola, the laser beam 214 emitted so as to spread from the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r can be collimated. For this reason, the eye-safe laser beam 214 emitted from the opening 224 has excellent directivity.
- the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 216 is focused on the right light emitting end surface 100r and the left side. You may shift from the light emission end surface 100l.
- the heights of the right light emitting end surface 100r and the left light emitting end surface 100l with respect to the reflective surface 216 are as follows (in other words, the heights of the light emission centers of the left and right light emitting end surfaces 100l and 100r with respect to the parabolic focus forming the reflective surface 216). It can be easily adjusted by adjusting the height of the submount 102.
- the distance in the direction parallel to the top surface of the lead frame 104 from the reflective surface 216 to the right light emitting end surface 100r and the left light emitting end surface 100l is (in other words, the left and right light emitting end surfaces 100l,
- the distance of the 100r emission center in the direction parallel to the lead frame 104 can be easily changed by changing the cavity length of the semiconductor laser 100).
- the height of the submount 102 and the resonator length of the semiconductor laser 100 can be changed only from the focal point of the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 216.
- the distance up to 100r can be changed.
- the light distribution characteristic can be easily adjusted. That is, it is possible to easily prepare eye-safe light sources with various light distributions such as a narrow beam or a high light distribution beam according to the purpose.
- the cover 228 is a cover provided so that foreign matter does not enter the recess 220, and is formed of a resin that does not include a light scatterer.
- the breathing hole 230 is provided in the cover 228, the gas inside the recess 220 can enter and exit through the breathing hole 230. Therefore, when the gas inside the recess 220 is thermally expanded due to the heat generated by the semiconductor laser 100, the gas inside the recess 220 escapes outside the cover 228. Similarly, when the semiconductor laser 100 does not generate heat and the gas inside the recess 220 is thermally contracted, the gas is replenished into the recess 220 from the outside of the cover 228.
- Such a breathing hole can contribute to suppression of occurrence of a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the recess 220 in a rapid temperature change that occurs in a temperature profile in a reflow soldering process, for example.
- the breathing hole 230 is provided in the cover 228, even when the cover 228 is bonded to the package 208, stress due to gas expansion and contraction does not concentrate on the bonding site. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the cover 228 from peeling off the package 208.
- the breathing hole 230 is installed in the cover 228, but the same effect can be obtained by providing the breathing hole 230 in the package 208.
- the opening 224 may be covered with a cover without a breathing hole, and the semiconductor laser 100 may be gas-sealed inside the recess 220.
- gas sealing with an inert gas is necessary to prevent end face destruction.
- gas sealing is necessary.
- gas sealing is necessary.
- a highly airtight structure or material is adopted for the package 208, particularly the resin portion 206 itself, or the outside of the package 208 is surrounded by a highly airtight container. Need to keep.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is gas-sealed with an inert gas, the vicinity of both end faces of the semiconductor laser 100 that emits the laser light 214 may be thermally and optically damaged as in the first embodiment. There are no materials that generate heat due to light absorption. For this reason, the function of the eye-safe light source 2 is prevented from being deteriorated due to the modification of the substance in the vicinity of both end faces of the semiconductor laser 100. Further, since the semiconductor laser 100 is not sealed with resin and is bonded to the lead frame 104 via the submount 102, the semiconductor laser 100 can be expanded and contracted in accordance with a temperature change.
- the cover 228 may be formed of a resin containing a light scatterer.
- a cover 228b formed of a resin including a light scatterer that scatters laser light 214 is provided instead of the cover 228 formed of a resin that does not include a light scatterer. Modification 3 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining eye-safeization in a modification in which the cover 228a for scattering the laser beam 214 is provided in the eye-safe light source 2 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 corresponds to the right part of FIG. 4B and shows the spread of the laser beam 214 and the optical axis 234.
- the range of the spread of the laser beam 214 shown in FIG. 5 is a range until the intensity of the light density reaches 1 / e of the peak value (e is the base of natural logarithm).
- the cover 128a is the same as the cover 228 except that the cover 128a is formed of a resin including a light scatterer that scatters the laser light 214.
- the optical axis 234 is the optical axis of the laser light 214.
- the spot diameter R 0 is the spot diameter of the laser beam 214 on the right light emitting end face 100r.
- the spot diameter R 1 is the spot diameter of the laser beam 214 viewed from the direction of the optical axis 118 when the laser beam 214 hits the reflecting surface 216.
- the spot diameter R 2 is, when the laser beam 214 is incident to the cover 228a, a spot diameter of the laser beam 214.
- the spot diameter R 3 is after the laser beam 214 passed through the cover 228a, a spot diameter of the laser beam 214.
- the optical path length l 1 is the optical path length of the laser light 214 from the right light emitting end surface 100r to the reflecting surface 216 along the optical axis 234 of the laser light 214
- the optical path length l 2 is the optical axis of the laser light 214
- 234 is the optical path length of the laser beam 214 from the reflecting surface 216 to the cover 228 a along the line 234.
- the cover 228a formed of a resin including a light scatterer when the cover 228a formed of a resin including a light scatterer is provided, the laser beam 214 is scattered while passing through the cover 228a, and the spot diameter is increased. Eye safe.
- the polarization characteristics of the laser beam 214 emitted from the semiconductor laser 100 are partially maintained. be able to. Thereby, the polarization characteristic of the eye-safe light emitted from the eye-safe light source 2 can be adjusted. For example, the polarization ratio can be adjusted in the range of 2 to 100.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration around the semiconductor laser 100 of the eye-safe light source 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- 6A is a top view seen through the resin portion 306
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A3-A3 in FIG. 6A
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B3-B3 in FIG. 6A
- FIG. 6D is a perspective view illustrating the three-dimensional shape of the resin portion 306.
- the eye-safe light source 3 includes a semiconductor laser 100 that emits laser light 314, a submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is placed, a package 308 having a lead frame 104 and a resin portion 306, and a wire 110. Is provided. A mark 112 is provided so that the direction of the anode and the cathode can be seen.
- the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment is different from the eye-safe light source 3 according to the third embodiment in the following one point. That is, in the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment, the shape of the recess 120 included in the resin portion 106 is a three-dimensional shape such as a substantially inverted quadrangular pyramid.
- the shape of the concave portion 320 included in 306 is a three-dimensional shape in which a substantially inverted quadrangular frustum and a substantially rotating paraboloid are superimposed.
- the shape of the recess 320 is a three-dimensional shape in which the substantially inverted quadrangular pyramid and the substantially rotating paraboloid are overlapped so that the upper base of the approximately inverted quadrangular pyramid and the bottom surface of the substantially rotating paraboloid are in the same plane.
- the reflection surface 316 that scatters and reflects the laser light 314 is a part of the curved surface of the substantially rotating paraboloid, and the exposed portion 122 of the upper surface of the lead frame 104 is exposed from the lower bottom portion of the substantially inverted square frustum. Therefore, as can be seen from FIG. 1B and FIG. 6B, the reflective surface 116 according to the first embodiment is a side surface (plane) of substantially square pyramids facing each other, whereas the reflective surface 116 according to the third embodiment.
- the surface 316 is a curved surface.
- the reflecting surface 316 is a part of the rotating paraboloid drawn by the locus of rotation of the parabola when the parabola rotates about the axis of symmetry.
- the surface including the parabola is shown in FIG. 6B, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A3-A3 in FIG. 6A, and the cross-sectional shape of the reflecting surface 316 shown in FIG. Is part of.
- the plane including the parabola in FIG. 6B is parallel to the optical axis 118 and the direction in which the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 314, and the symmetry axis of the parabola is parallel to the optical axis 118.
- the symmetry axis of the parabola may be inclined with respect to the optical axis 118.
- the reflecting surface 316 facing the right light emitting end surface 100r is a part of a curved surface rotated by a parabola with the light emitting center of the right light emitting end surface 100r as a focus.
- the reflecting surface 316 facing the left light emitting end surface 100l is a part of a curved surface rotated by a parabola with the light emitting center of the left light emitting end surface 100l as a focus.
- Both of the reflecting surfaces 316 facing 100r may be part of a curved surface having a parabola rotated about the midpoint of the light emission center between the right light emitting end surface 100r and the left light emitting end surface 100l.
- the reflecting surface 216 may be a part of a curved surface made of other substantially parabolas.
- the reflecting surface 216 may be a part of an elliptic paraboloid or a part of a spherical surface.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is sufficiently small, for example, even if the length of the resonator is longer than 0.5 mm, and more than 1 mm, the above simple handling is possible.
- the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r need to be sufficiently separated from the reflecting surface 316 in order to avoid thermal damage.
- the positions of the light emission centers of the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r and the position of the focal point of the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 316 are greatly shifted. Due to the deviation, the reflected laser beam 314 is largely inclined from the optical axis 118.
- the semiconductor laser 100 is a semiconductor laser having a long cavity length
- the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r are respectively emitted from the light emission centers in order to bring the reflected left and right laser beams 114 parallel to the optical axis 118. It is desirable to provide a part of the reflecting surface 316 having a parabolic curved surface whose focal points are independently matched.
- the reflecting surface 316 may be a part of a curved surface made up of other substantially parabolas.
- the reflecting surface 316 may be a part of an elliptic paraboloid or a part of a spherical surface. Further, it may be a spheroid. Further, the reflecting surface 316 is not limited to a paraboloid of revolution, and may be a spherical surface that can approximate the paraboloid of revolution.
- the reflecting surface 316 is a paraboloid, the laser beam 314 emitted so as to spread can be converted into parallel light. For this reason, the eye-safe laser beam 314 emitted from the opening 324 has excellent directivity.
- the light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 is excellent in directivity and also has an eye-safe property. This is because the area of the light-emitting region until it reaches 1 / e (the base of natural logarithm) with respect to the peak intensity of light observed from 10 cm ahead in the aperture 324 as a virtual light source (appropriate light source). This is because the opening 324 is sufficiently wide. That is, since the intensity of light per unit area is reduced, the eye-safe property can be improved as a result.
- the focal point of the parabola that forms the reflecting surface 316 is set to the right light emitting end surface 100r and the left side. You may shift from the light emission end surface 100l.
- the easiest method for shifting the focal point from the left and right light emitting end faces 100l, 100r is to change the height of the submount 102 (the length in the direction of the optical axis 118) and the resonator length of the semiconductor laser 100. There is a way.
- the axis of symmetry of the parabola is adopted as a rotation axis for rotating the parabola, and the partial shape of the rotation parabola is used as the shape of the reflection surface 316.
- the shape of the reflective surface 316 is not limited to this partial shape.
- An axis inclined with respect to the symmetry axis of the parabola may be adopted as the rotation axis, and the partial shape of the surface of the rotating body drawn by the locus of rotation of the parabola at this time may be used as the shape of the reflecting surface 316.
- the light source is focused on the rotation paraboloid where the symmetry axis and the rotation axis coincide.
- the spot diameter can be narrowed or widened depending on the shape of the reflecting surface.
- the shapes of the reflecting surface 316 is a partial shape of a rotating paraboloid in which the axis of symmetry coincides with the rotation axis, the positions of the light emission centers of the left and right light emitting end faces 100l and 100r are shifted from the focus as described above.
- a similar effect can be expected.
- the position of the light emitting point is restricted in the height direction (the thickness direction of the package) due to the thickness of the light emitting point package.
- it is shifted in a direction perpendicular to the symmetry axis it is subject to restrictions due to the resonator length of the semiconductor laser 100.
- the ratio of narrowing or expanding the spot diameter is limited.
- the spot is selected by selecting an appropriate axis of rotation. Since the ratio of squeezing or expanding the diameter can be determined, there are fewer restrictions due to the thickness of the package and the resonator length.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration around the semiconductor laser 400 of the eye-safe light source 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- 7A is a top view seen through the resin portion 406
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A4-A4 in FIG. 7A, and FIG. It is B4-B4 arrow sectional drawing of (a) of FIG.
- the eye-safe light source 4 includes a semiconductor laser 400 that emits laser light 414, a submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 400 is placed, a package 408 having a lead frame 104 and a resin portion 406, and a wire 110. Is provided. A mark 112 is provided so that the direction of the anode and the cathode can be seen.
- the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment is different from the eye-safe light source 4 according to the fourth embodiment in the following two points.
- the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 114 from the light emitting end faces (left light emitting end face 100l and right light emitting end face 100r) on both the left and right sides.
- the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 414 only from the light emission end face (right light emission end face 400 r) on the right side.
- the shape of the recess 120 included in the resin portion 106 is a shape like a substantially square pyramid
- the resin portion That is, the shape of the concave portion 420 included in 406 is a three-dimensional shape such as a substantially oblique pyramid. That is, the recess 120 according to the first embodiment is plane-symmetric with respect to a plane passing through the center of the semiconductor laser 100 that is perpendicular to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 and the direction in which the laser beam 114 is emitted from the semiconductor laser 100.
- the recess 420 according to the fourth embodiment is not plane-symmetric with respect to a plane passing through the center of the semiconductor laser 400 that is perpendicular to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 and the direction in which the laser beam 414 is emitted from the semiconductor laser 400.
- the eye-safe light source 4 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment in that the semiconductor laser 400 that emits the laser beam 414 only on one side is used, and the shape of the concave portion 420 corresponding to this is different. Is different.
- the recess 420 has a rectangular upper base (opening 424) that opens on the upper surface of the package 408, a rectangular lower base from which the exposed portion 122 of the lead frame 104 is exposed, and a trapezoidal shape extending between the upper base and the lower base.
- the upper base area is larger than the lower base area.
- the recess 420 may have other shapes such as a substantially rectangular truncated pyramid, a substantially right truncated cone, and a substantially oblique truncated cone.
- the reflective surface 416 is one of the four side surfaces of the recess 420 and faces the right light emitting end surface 400r of the semiconductor laser 400 that emits the laser light 414.
- the reflection surface 416 is plane-symmetric with respect to a plane passing through the center of the semiconductor laser 100, which is perpendicular to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 and parallel to the direction in which the semiconductor laser 100 emits the laser beam 114.
- the reflective surface 416 is a plane inclined upward with respect to the upper surface of the lead frame 104.
- the reflecting surface 416 according to the fourth embodiment scatters and reflects the laser light 414 in the direction of the optical axis 118, similarly to the reflecting surface 116 according to the first embodiment.
- the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 is adopted as the optical axis 118.
- the optical axis 118 shown here is changed.
- the wire 110 may not cast the shadow of the wire 110 on the virtual light source. For this reason, the wire 110 may be disposed so as to extend in a direction parallel to and opposite to the direction in which the laser beam 414 is emitted from the semiconductor laser 100.
- the opening 124 may be covered with a cover with a lens as shown in FIG. 8, or the light distribution characteristic may be adjusted with an external lens.
- the eye-safe light source according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention may be provided with a lens when the eye-safe light source 1 is optically coupled to an optical fiber.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modification in which the cover 428b having the lens 432 for collimating the laser beam 414 is provided in the eye-safe light source 4 shown in FIG.
- the cover 428b is a cover provided so that foreign matter does not enter the concave portion 420, and is formed of a resin that does not include a light scatterer. Further, since a breathing hole (not shown) is provided in the cover 128b, the gas inside the recess 420 can enter and exit through the breathing hole.
- the cover 428b is integrally formed so as to include a lens 432 for the laser light 414 emitted from the right light emitting end surface 400r.
- the lens 432 is formed to collimate the laser beam 414 emitted from the right light emitting end surface 400r.
- the lens 432 may be an aspherical lens or a spherical lens.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration around the semiconductor laser 100 of the eye-safe light source 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- 9A is a top view of the resin portion 506 seen through without the cover 528
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A5-A5 in FIG. 9A
- 9 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B5-B5 in FIG. 9 (a).
- the eye-safe light source 5 includes a semiconductor laser 100 that emits laser light 514, a submount 102 on which the semiconductor laser 100 is mounted, a package 508 having a lead frame 104 and a resin portion 506, a wire 110, a breathing device.
- a cover 528 (light scattering layer) having holes 230 is provided.
- a mark 112 is provided so that the direction of the anode and the cathode can be seen.
- the surface of the resin portion 506 is subjected to metal plating. Due to the metal plating, the reflection surface 516 reflects the laser beam 514 without scattering. Note that the surface of the resin portion 506 other than the reflective surface 516 may or may not be subjected to metal plating.
- the reflective surface 216 remains the surface of the resin portion 206, whereas in the eye-safe light source 5 according to the fifth embodiment, the reflective surface 516 is coated with metal plating. It is that. That is, unlike the second embodiment, the reflecting surface 516 according to the fifth embodiment reflects the laser light 514 without scattering.
- the cover 228 is formed of a resin that does not include a light scatterer, whereas in the eye-safe light source 5 according to the fifth embodiment, the cover 528 is a light scatterer. It is formed with resin containing. That is, unlike the second embodiment, the cover 528 scatters the transmitted laser beam 514.
- the laser beam 514 parallel to the upper surface of the lead frame 104 is reflected in a direction parallel to the optical axis 118 without being scattered. Further, the inside of the recess 520 is hollow and air is present, but there is no light scatterer that scatters the laser light 514. Thus, the laser light 514 travels without being scattered until it reaches the cover 528 from both light emitting end faces (the left light emitting end face 100l and the right light emitting end face 100r). Since it is not scattered, the laser beam 514 incident on the cover 528 generally maintains the light distribution characteristics and the polarization characteristics when emitted from the semiconductor laser 100.
- the reflecting surface 516 is separated from both light emitting end faces (left light emitting end face 100l and right light emitting end face 100r) of the semiconductor laser 100, and the laser light 514 is emitted from both light emitting end faces (left light emitting end face 100l and right light emitting end face 100r) of the semiconductor laser 100. ) To spread out. For this reason, the spot diameter of the laser beam 514 is widened on the reflection surface 516, and the light density of the laser beam 514 is reduced. Therefore, the laser beam 514 reflected by the reflecting surface 516 is not scattered but is made eye-safe to some extent.
- the metal used for the reflecting surface 516 is preferably gold or an alloy containing gold as a component.
- gold is a very stable substance in a normal environment and is not subject to corrosion, oxidation, or the like.
- silver and the like have high initial light reflectivity, but are easily affected by corrosion and oxidation.
- silver and the like are known to be blackened by sulfurization with respect to sulfur, and a special surface coat is required. For this reason, as a metal used for the surface of the reflective surface 516, gold or an alloy containing gold as a component is desirable.
- a resin plate 506 is prepared in advance by covering the surface of a reflective structure made by punching from a metal plate with a metal mold.
- the reflective surface 516 may be formed by covering the surface.
- electrolytic plating of a metal structure has less problems such as peeling of the reflecting surface, and it is easy to ensure long-term reliability.
- the reflective surface 516 made of such a metal plate may be integrally formed when the resin portion 506 is formed, or may be attached after the resin portion 506 is formed.
- a reflective surface 516 may be formed by alumite-treating the surface of a reflective structure formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the reflectivity and corrosion resistance of the alumite-treated plate after the surface mirror treatment is equivalent to that of gold, which is suitable for ensuring long-term reliability.
- the cover 528 Since the cover 528 is made of a resin containing a light scatterer, the cover 528 scatters the transmitted laser beam 514. Due to the scattering, the spot diameter of the laser beam 514 is widened and the optical density of the laser beam 514 is lowered, so that the laser beam 514 transmitted through the cover 528 is sufficiently made eye-safe.
- the light distribution characteristics and polarization characteristics of the laser light 514 are disturbed by scattering, but the laser light 514 transmitted through the cover 528 maintains a certain degree of light distribution characteristics and polarization characteristics. This is because the laser beam 514 is already made eye-safe to some extent when it enters the cover 528, and therefore the laser beam 514 can be made sufficiently eye-safe by scattering within a range that does not lose the light distribution characteristics and polarization characteristics. .
- the concentration of the light scatterer included in the resin forming the cover 528 and the thickness of the cover 528 sufficient eye-safety of the laser light 514 and sufficient light distribution characteristics or polarization characteristics of the laser light 514 are obtained. Both maintenance and maintenance.
- the use of a submount is indispensable in a structure in which a light emitting point (light emitting end face) is set away from a lead frame and a laser beam is efficiently irradiated to an opposing reflecting surface.
- infrared semiconductor lasers that use gallium arsenide (GaAs) -based substrates have low thermal conductivity.
- the lead frame 104 corresponding to the semiconductor laser mounting portion may be formed in a protruding shape.
- a metal having a small expansion coefficient such as iron or an alloy containing iron as a main raw material so that the expansion and contraction of the metal frame does not adversely affect the reliability of the semiconductor laser.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the optical sensor 6 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- the optical sensor (electronic device) 6 controls the eye-safe light source 1 according to the first embodiment, the light receiving unit 632 that receives reflected light from the living body, and the control that controls the eye safe light source 1 and the light receiving unit 632. Part 634.
- the light receiving unit 632 may be provided in the package 108 similarly to the eye-safe light source 1. In addition, the light receiving unit 632 may be provided separately from the eye-safe light source 1.
- the control unit 634 may be a semiconductor element provided inside the package 108, that is, a semiconductor element bonded to the lead frame 104 and sealed with the resin part 106. Further, the control unit 634 may be provided separately from the eye-safe light source 1.
- the eye-safe light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 is reflected by the living body, and the light receiving unit 632 receives the reflected light reflected by the living body. And the control part 634 calculates the information of the biological body which reflected the eye safe light by comparing the eye safe light radiated
- FIG. 1 The eye-safe light emitted from the eye-safe light source 1 is reflected by the living body, and the light receiving unit 632 receives the reflected light reflected by the living body.
- the control part 634 calculates the information of the biological body which reflected the eye safe light by comparing the eye safe light radiated
- the eye-safe light source 1 is a surface mount type light source suitable for thinning, the optical sensor 6 is thin.
- the types of biological information that can be collected using the eye-safe light source 1 as a light source are diverse, such as irises, veins such as fingers and palms, fingerprints, and palm prints.
- the eye-safe light source 1 is effectively used.
- the present invention is not limited to these portable electronic devices, and can be used as a light source for ordinary stationary electronic devices such as a cash dispenser (ATM), an electronic lock-type safe, an electronic key for a car or a house.
- the use of the eye-safe light source 1 is not limited to biometric authentication. May be used for a projector, a projector, a light source for a night vision camera, a light source for a motion sensor, a small electronic device, a portable electronic device, and the like. Even a communication device, for example, an electronic device that requires optical coupling with an optical fiber, can effectively use a small, surface-mount type eye-safe light source.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) emit a substrate (packages 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508) and laser beams (114, 214, 314, 414, and 514) as light emitting end faces (left light emitting).
- a semiconductor laser (100, 400) that emits from an end face 100l, a right light emitting end face 100r, and a right light emitting end face 400r), and a wire (110) bonded to the semiconductor laser, wherein the semiconductor laser emits the laser light
- the substrate is bonded to the substrate so as to be emitted in a direction parallel to the reference surface of the substrate (the upper surface of the lead frame 104) (left and right in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 6 to 9A).
- the laser beam is emitted from the light emitting end face in the direction in which the wire extends (the vertical direction in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 6 to 9 (a)). It is characterized by being perpendicular to the direction.
- the laser light is emitted in a direction parallel to the reference surface and reflected by the reflecting surface.
- the optical path length from the light emitting end surface to the reflecting surface can be increased without increasing the thickness of the eye-safe light source.
- the spot diameter of the laser beam on the reflecting surface can be increased.
- the light density of the laser light can be lowered, and the laser light can be made eye-safe.
- the direction in which the wire extends is perpendicular to the direction in which the laser light is emitted as viewed from the direction perpendicular to the reference plane. For this reason, the wire does not block the optical path of the laser light, and the shadow of the wire does not occur in the virtual light source obtained by making the laser light eye-safe. Thereby, the luminous efficiency of an eye safe light source can be improved. In addition, since the shadow of the wire does not occur, the light density and orientation characteristics of the virtual light source can be easily approximated.
- the laser beam can be made eye-safe without passing through the light scattering region including the light scatterer or through the light scattering region within a range in which the polarization characteristics can be maintained.
- the light emitted from the eye-safe light source maintains (at least partially) the polarization characteristics of the laser light.
- this eye safe light source is suitable for the use which utilizes a polarization characteristic, for example, is suitable for the optical sensor for biometrics authentication.
- the laser beam can be made eye-safe without passing through the light scattering layer including the light scatterer or through the light scattering layer within a range in which the polarization characteristics can be maintained.
- the light distribution characteristic of the laser light can be adjusted by the reflection surface, and the light emitted from the eye-safe light source maintains (at least partially) the light distribution characteristic adjusted by the reflection surface.
- emitted from an eye safe light source can be adjusted with the improvement of luminous efficiency.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 3, 5) according to aspect 2 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to aspect 1, and the light emitting end surfaces (the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r) are the semiconductor laser (100).
- the reflective surfaces (116, 216, 316, 516) are opposed to the light emitting end surfaces, respectively (on the left and right sides in FIG. 1, 3, 4, 6, 9 (b)). It is preferable that the semiconductor laser is provided on both sides of the semiconductor laser.
- the amount of laser light emitted from each light emitting end face is smaller than the amount of laser light emitted from the entire semiconductor laser. For this reason, the light density of each laser beam is low and it is easy to make it eye-safe.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 3, 5) according to aspect 3 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to aspect 2, and the light emitting end surfaces (the left light emitting end surface 100l and the right light emitting end surface 100r) are optically symmetrical to each other.
- the reflecting surfaces (116, 216, 316, 516) are first symmetrical planes (B1-B1 arrow cross section of FIG. 1, B2-B2 arrow cross section of FIG. 4, B3-B3 arrow cross section of FIG. 9 is a plane symmetry, and the first symmetry plane is a plane passing through the center of the semiconductor laser perpendicular to the direction in which the laser beam is emitted from the light emitting end face. It is preferable.
- the laser beam can be emitted to both sides. Furthermore, since the reflecting surface that reflects the symmetric laser beam is also symmetric, the reflected laser beam is also symmetric. Therefore, the symmetry of the eye-safe light source can be improved.
- the eye-safe light source (4) according to aspect 4 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to aspect 1, and the light emitting end surface (right light emitting end surface 400r) is on one side of the semiconductor laser (400) ((b) in FIG. 7). It is preferable that the reflection surface (416) is provided on the one side of the semiconductor laser so as to face the light emitting end surface.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to the fifth aspect of the present invention are eye-safe light sources according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and the reflective surfaces (116, 216, 316, 416, 516) 2 symmetry planes (A1-A1 arrow cross section in FIG. 1, A2-A2 arrow cross section in FIG. 4, A3-A3 arrow cross section in FIG. 6, A4-A4 arrow cross section in FIG. 7, A5-A5 in FIG.
- the second symmetric plane is symmetrical with respect to the light emitting end face (left light emitting end face 100l, right light emitting end face 100r, right light emitting end face 400r), and the laser light (114, 214, 314, 414).
- 514) is preferably a plane that passes through the light emission center of the light emitting end face and is parallel to the emission direction and perpendicular to the reference plane (the upper surface of the lead frame 104).
- the reflection surface that reflects the laser beam is symmetric when viewed from the laser beam. For this reason, the symmetry of the eye-safe light source can be improved.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to aspect 6 of the present invention are eye-safe light sources according to any one of the aspects 1 to 5, and the substrate (114, 214, 314, 414, 514) is made of metal.
- the substrate includes a metal lead frame. Since the metal lead frame is excellent in mechanical strength, the substrate is reinforced by the metal lead frame. Thereby, the substrate can be thinned while maintaining the required strength.
- the semiconductor laser is bonded to the metal lead frame. Since the metal lead frame is excellent in thermal conductivity and heat dissipation, heat generated by light emission of the semiconductor laser is easily radiated. Therefore, this light emitting device is excellent in heat dissipation.
- the metal lead frame is exposed as much as possible from the resin that packages the metal lead frame for heat dissipation.
- a reflective surface and a semiconductor laser may be provided on one side of a metal lead frame, and the other side may be exposed to the outside.
- the eye-safe light source (1 to 5) according to aspect 7 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, and the semiconductor laser (100, 400) is provided via the submount, It is preferable to be bonded to the substrate.
- the semiconductor laser is bonded to the substrate via the submount. For this reason, even if the semiconductor laser has a high output, heat is efficiently dissipated by the submount, and the stress generated by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient is relieved. Further, by adjusting the height of the submount (distance from the substrate to the semiconductor laser), the position of the light emitting end surface with respect to the reflecting surface can be adjusted.
- the light emitting end surfaces protrude from the submount (102).
- the semiconductor laser (100, 400) is more preferably bonded to the substrate through the submount.
- the light emitting end face of the semiconductor substrate protrudes from the submount.
- the submount does not block the optical path of the laser light emitted so as to spread from the light emitting end face. Since it is not blocked, the shadow of the submount does not occur in the virtual light source in which the laser light is made eye-safe. Thereby, the luminous efficiency of an eye safe light source can be improved.
- the shadow of the submount does not occur, the light density and orientation characteristics of the virtual light source can be easily made ideal.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to Aspect 8 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, and the light emitting end surfaces (left light emitting end surface 100l, right light emitting end surface 100r, right light emitting end surface). 400r) and the reflection surface (116, 216, 316, 416, 516) facing the light emitting end surface, the light scatterer that scatters the laser light (114, 214, 314, 414, 514) is Preferably it is not present.
- the laser beam is not scattered until it is emitted from the semiconductor laser and reflected by the reflecting surface. Therefore, the reflecting surface reflects the laser light that retains the alignment characteristics when emitted. For this reason, the alignment characteristics of the laser beam can be adjusted by the reflecting surface.
- laser light can be adjusted to parallel light.
- a light beam having such a light intensity distribution that the light intensity is substantially constant within a predetermined range and the light intensity is substantially 0 outside the predetermined range so that the laser light is suitable for wireless optical communication, optical sensing, and the like. Can be arranged.
- the light distribution characteristic can be adjusted by the reflecting surface, it is not necessary to provide a lens on the optical path in order to adjust the alignment characteristic of the laser beam that has been made eye-safe.
- the laser light is not multiple scattered between the light emitting end face and the reflecting face. For this reason, light absorption due to multiple scattering does not occur between the light emitting end surface and the reflecting surface. Thereby, the efficiency (light emission efficiency) of taking out light with respect to the power consumption of an eye safe light source can be improved.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 4) according to Aspect 9 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to any one of the Aspects 1 to 8, and the reflecting surfaces (116, 216, 316, 416) are the laser beams. It is preferably formed of a resin (resin portion 106, 206, 306, 406) containing a light scatterer that scatters (114, 214, 314, 414).
- the reflecting surface is a resin surface including a light scatterer. For this reason, since the laser light is scattered and reflected by the reflecting surface, the laser light is further made eye-safe.
- the reflecting surface is a resin surface. For this reason, surface processing such as metal plating is unnecessary. Thereby, the manufacturing process number of an eye safe light source can be reduced and manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
- the eye-safe light source according to the above aspect 6 by using a resin containing a light scatterer that scatters laser light as the resin that covers the metal lead frame, it is possible to form the reflective surface together with the formation of the substrate. it can. Thereby, the number of manufacturing processes and raw materials of the eye-safe light source can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the eye-safe light source can be suppressed.
- the eye-safe light source (5) according to aspect 10 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of the aspects 1 to 8, and the reflective surface is preferably formed of metal.
- the reflecting surface is a metal surface, for example, a surface obtained by metal plating a resin. For this reason, since the reflecting surface reflects the laser light without scattering, the reflecting surface can efficiently adjust the light distribution characteristics of the laser light.
- the eye-safe light source (5) according to the aspect 11 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of the aspects 1 to 10, and the laser light (514) reflected by the reflective surface (516) It is preferable to pass through a light scattering layer (cover 528) including a light scatterer that scatters laser light.
- the laser light is transmitted while being scattered through the light scattering layer including the light scatterer. For this reason, the laser beam is further made eye-safe.
- the eye-safe light source (2-3, 5) according to aspect 12 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, and the reflecting surface (216, 316, 516) is made of a parabola. It is preferable to include a part of a curved surface (a surface on which a parabola is translated, a rotating paraboloid, etc.).
- the reflecting surface includes a part of a curved surface made of a parabola. For this reason, the light distribution characteristic of the laser beam emitted so as to spread from the light emitting end face can be adjusted, and the spread angle can be controlled. For example, the laser beam can be collimated.
- the eye-safe light source (2-3, 5) according to aspect 13 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to aspect 12, wherein the curved surface has the axis of symmetry of the parabola as a rotation axis or the axis of symmetry of the parabola. It is preferable that the surface of the rotating body is drawn by a locus of rotation of the parabola when the parabola rotates with the axis inclined as a rotation axis.
- the symmetric axis or an arbitrary axis inclined with respect to the symmetric axis can be appropriately selected as the rotation axis.
- the light distribution characteristic of the laser beam can be adjusted, and the spread angle can be controlled.
- the spot diameter of the laser beam can be made constant, narrowed, or widened by selecting the rotation axis.
- the eye-safe light source (2-3, 5) according to Aspect 14 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to Aspect 12 or 13, and the parabola in the direction perpendicular to the reference plane (the upper surface of the lead frame 104). It is preferable that the position of the focal point coincides with the position of the light emitting end face (left light emitting end face 100l and right light emitting end face 100r).
- the light emitting end face of the semiconductor laser coincides with the focal position of the reflecting surface in the direction perpendicular to the reference plane. For this reason, when the symmetry axis and the rotation axis coincide with each other, the reflected laser light can be converted into parallel light, and the half-value angle of the orientation characteristic of the reflected laser light can be narrowed. Thereby, the light emitted from the eye-safe light source maintains a narrow spot and can reach far.
- the spot diameter of the laser beam can be reduced or expanded without changing the thickness of the eye-safe light source and the resonator length of the semiconductor laser.
- the eye-safe light source according to aspect 15 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to aspect 12 described above, and the position of the focal point of the parabola in the direction perpendicular to the reference surface (the upper surface of the lead frame 104) is the light emitting end surface. It is preferable that the position is different.
- the light emitting end face of the semiconductor laser is displaced from the focal position of the reflecting surface in the direction perpendicular to the reference plane. For this reason, the half-value angle of the orientation characteristic of the reflected laser beam can be expanded to a predetermined angle. Thereby, since the diameter of the virtual light source in which the laser light is made eye-safe is widened, the eye-safe light source is further made eye-safe.
- the eye-safe light source (1 to 5) according to aspect 16 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of the aspects 1 to 15, and the semiconductor laser (100, 400) is not resin-sealed. Is preferred.
- the light emitting end faces are preferably in contact with gas (air) or vacuum.
- the semiconductor laser is not sealed with resin. For this reason, even if the semiconductor laser generates heat due to light emission, no stress is generated due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor laser and the sealing resin. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects due to the stress applied to the semiconductor laser or other portions.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to Aspect 17 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to Aspect 16, and further include covers (228, 528) that cover the substrate (114, 214, 314, 414, 514).
- the light emitting end faces (the left light emitting end face 100l, the right light emitting end face 100r, and the right light emitting end face 400r) are in contact with gas (air), and the cover (228, 528) or the substrate (114, 214, 314, 414, 514) preferably includes a breathing hole (230) through which the gas can enter and exit the internal space and the external space.
- the cover (228, 528) is configured to house the semiconductor laser (100, 400) in the internal space (recesses 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) between the substrate and the cover. It is more preferable to cover (114, 214, 314, 414, 514).
- the gas covering the semiconductor laser can enter and exit the inside and outside of the eye-safe light source. That is, the semiconductor laser is not gas-sealed. For this reason, even if the gas covering the semiconductor laser expands due to the heat generated by the semiconductor laser or due to a rapid temperature change caused by an external factor such as a reflow soldering process, neither expansion nor contraction occurs. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects caused by the expansion pressure and the contraction pressure applied to the semiconductor laser or other portions.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to aspect 18 of the present invention are eye-safe light sources according to aspect 16, and the semiconductor laser is preferably gas-sealed with an inert gas.
- the semiconductor laser is sealed with an inert gas. For this reason, since the semiconductor laser is protected from the active gas, deterioration such as destruction of the light emitting end face is less likely to occur. Therefore, a semiconductor laser that requires gas sealing with an inert gas, such as a blue semiconductor laser, can be used.
- the semiconductor laser is gas-sealed.
- the eye-safe light source 1 can be used under adverse conditions such as an environment where condensation occurs and an environment where there is a lot of dust. Further, the eye-safe light source 1 can be used for applications that require high reliability such as in-vehicle applications.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to Aspect 19 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to any one of the Aspects 1 to 18, and the laser light (114, 214, 314, 414, 514) is 700 nm. Longer wavelength is preferable.
- the wavelength of the laser light is longer than 700 nm and is in the infrared region.
- the longer the wavelength the deeper the penetration depth. Therefore, an eye-safe light source suitable for biometric authentication can be realized.
- absorption in the veins clearly occurs in the wavelength region longer than 700 nm or in the infrared region. Thanks to this, when observing while irradiating light in this region, a clear contrast image can be obtained between the vein and other portions.
- the eye-safe light source (1 to 5) according to aspect 20 of the present invention is the eye-safe light source according to any one of the aspects 1 to 19, and is preferably a surface-mount type eye-safe light source.
- the eye-safe light source since the light distribution characteristic of the laser light is adjusted by the reflecting surface, the eye-safe light source does not require a lens for adjusting the light distribution characteristic. For this reason, an eye safe light source can be reduced in thickness and is suitable for a surface mount type.
- the eye-safe light sources (1 to 5) according to the aspect 21 of the present invention are the eye-safe light sources according to any one of the aspects 1 to 20, and are optically parallel to the reference surface (the upper surface of the lead frame 104). It is preferable that an opening (124, 224, 324, 424, or a cover 228, 528 covering the opening 224) is provided, and the laser light (114, 214, 314, 414, 514) is emitted from the opening. .
- An electronic apparatus includes the eye-safe light source according to any one of aspects 1 to 21 described above.
- an electronic device provided with the eye safe light source which concerns on this invention is realizable.
- the electronic device (optical sensor 6) according to aspect 23 of the present invention is the electronic device according to aspect 22 described above, and is preferably an electronic device for biometric authentication.
- an electronic device for biometric authentication provided with the eye-safe light source according to the present invention can be realized.
- the electronic apparatus (optical sensor 6) according to aspect 24 of the present invention is the electronic apparatus according to aspect 22 described above, and is preferably a small projector.
- the electronic apparatus (optical sensor 6) according to aspect 25 of the present invention is the electronic apparatus according to aspect 22 described above, and is preferably a small projector.
- a small projector including the eye-safe light source according to the present invention can be realized.
- the electronic device (optical sensor 6) according to aspect 26 of the present invention is the electronic device according to aspect 22 described above, and is preferably coupled to an optical fiber.
- each of Embodiments 1 to 3 and 5 discloses a structure that is symmetric in the left-right direction.
- the intention to use asymmetrical left-right symmetry is excluded. It is not a thing.
- the optical axis after the laser light is reflected by the reflecting surface is not necessarily in the direction perpendicular to the lead frame. It is possible to easily tilt the optical axis in a desired direction by changing the tilt angle between the left and right reflecting surfaces, or by tilting the axis of symmetry of the paraboloid with respect to the perpendicular to the lead frame. It is naturally included in the technical scope of the invention.
- the present invention can be used for a small projector, a light source for a night vision camera, a light source for a motion sensor, a small projector, and an electronic device for biometric authentication, in particular, an electronic device for biometric authentication that utilizes polarization characteristics. it can. Further, it can be used as a light source for communication equipment, for example, electronic equipment that requires optical coupling with an optical fiber.
- the present invention is also suitable for surface mounting.
- Optical sensor (electronic equipment) 100, 400 Semiconductor laser 100l Left emission end face (light emission end face) 100r, 400r Right light emitting end face (light emitting end face) 102 Submount 104 Lead frame (metal lead frame) 104a Anode part 104c Cathode part 106, 206, 306, 406, 506 Resin part (resin) 108, 208, 308, 408, 508 Package (substrate) 110 Wire 114, 214, 224, 314, 414, 514 Laser beam 116, 216, 316, 416, 516 Reflecting surface 118 Optical axis 120, 220, 320, 420, 520 Recessed portion 122 Exposed portion 124, 224, 324, 424 Opening 128a, 128b, 228, 228a, 428b, 528 cover (light scattering layer) 132, 432 Lens 134, 234 Optical axis 230 Breviations, 106, 400, 400 Semi
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の実施形態1について、図1に基づき、詳細に説明する。
パッケージ108は、リードフレーム104の周囲を部分的に樹脂部106により覆った(パッケージした)部材である。樹脂部106には、開口(開口部)124を有する凹部120(内部空間)が形成されており、凹部120からリードフレーム104の上面の一部(露出部122)が露出されている。また、開口124は、パッケージ108の上面に開いている。また、パッケージ108は、凹部120内部に半導体レーザ100を収納する。
凹部120は、略逆四角錐台の形状である。凹部120は、パッケージ108の上面に開く長方形状の上底(開口124)と、リードフレーム104の露出部122が露出する長方形状の下底と、上底と下底との間に伸びる台形状の4つの側面と、により形作られており、上底の面積が下底の面積より大きい。なお、凹部120は、略逆円錐台などの他の形状であってもよい。
サブマウント102は、図1の(a)に示すように、パッケージ108の凹部120の下底の中心に接合されており、リードフレーム104のカソード部104cの露出部122に接合されている。サブマウント102は、半導体レーザ100のアノードと電気的に接続され、ワイヤ110を経てリードフレーム104のアノード部104aに電気的に接続されている。また、サブマウント102は、半導体レーザ100と熱的に接続され、リードフレーム104のカソード部104cに熱的に接続されている。
ワイヤ110は、金線であり、半導体レーザ100を駆動する電力を供給する電力線である。
以下に、レーザ光114を反射する反射面116について説明する。
以下に、レーザ光114とレーザ光114のアイセーフ化とについて説明する。
以下に、アイセーフ光源1が消費する電力に対する、アイセーフ光源1から放射される光の量である、アイセーフ光源1の発光効率について説明する。
以下に、アイセーフ光源1における偏光特性と配光特性とについて説明する。
以下に、実施形態1に係るアイセーフ光源1において、開口124にカバー128aを設けた実施形態1の変形例1について、図2に基づき、説明する。
以下に、実施形態1に係るアイセーフ光源1において、開口124にカバー128bを設けた実施形態1の変形例2について、図3に基づき、説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態について、図4に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下に、樹脂部206が備える凹部220について説明する。
以下に、カバー228について説明する。
また、カバー228は、光散乱体を含む樹脂により形成されてもよい。以下に、実施形態2に係るアイセーフ光源2において、光散乱体を含まない樹脂により形成されたカバー228の代わりに、レーザ光214を散乱する光散乱体を含む樹脂により形成されたカバー228bを設けた実施形態2の変形例3について、図5に基づき、説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態について、図6に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下に、樹脂部306が備える凹部320について説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態について、図7に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下に、樹脂部406が備える凹部420について説明する。
なお、ワイヤ110は、仮想光源にワイヤ110の影を投げかけなければよい。このため、半導体レーザ100からレーザ光414が出射される方向に平行かつ反対向きに伸びるように、ワイヤ110は配置されてもよい。
図1から図6に示された、実施形態1~3のアイセーフ光源1~3において、半導体レーザ100の代わりに、左右発光端面で発光が非対称な半導体レーザを用いてもよい。このような半導体レーザは、例えば、端面コートの反射率を左右で違えることで容易に得ることが可能である。このようにして左右での発光を、たとえば、40対60、30対70、20対80、10対90と言う具合に変更することが出来る。
例えば、当該アイセーフ光源1を光ファイバと光学的に結合して使用するには、レンズを設置することが望ましい。このような用途では、配光特性を更に整える目的で、図8のように、開口124をレンズ付きカバーで覆ってもよく、あるいは、外付けレンズで配光特性を調整してもよい。なお、本発明の実施形態1~3に係るアイセーフ光源についても、当該アイセーフ光源1を光ファイバと光学的に結合して使用する際には、レンズを設置してもよい。
本発明の他の実施形態について、図9に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下に、金属メッキにより覆われている反射面516について説明する。
以下に、光散乱体を含む樹脂により形成されているカバー528について説明する。
実施形態1~5において、サブマウント102を介してリードフレーム104に半導体レーザ100、400を搭載する場合を開示してきた。これは、サブマウントを介さず、直接背の高い半導体レーザチップを用いた場合、放熱性が悪くなり、また、金属のリードフレーム104の膨張収縮に起因する応力が直接、半導体レーザチップの活性層に伝わり、半導体レーザチップの光出力低下や頓死などが発生するからである。サブマウント102を介することにより、このような光出力低下及び頓死の発生を防ぐことができる。本発明の様に、発光点(発光端面)をリードフレームから離して設置し、レーザ光を対向する反射面に効率的に照射する構造では、サブマウントの使用が不可欠である。
本発明の他の実施形態について、図10に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
本発明の態様1に係るアイセーフ光源(1~5)は、基板(パッケージ108,208,308,408,508)と、レーザ光(114,214,314,414,514)を発光端面(左発光端面100lと右発光端面100r、右発光端面400r)から出射する半導体レーザ(100,400)と、前記半導体レーザに接合されるワイヤ(110)とを備え、前記半導体レーザは、前記レーザ光を前記基板の基準面(リードフレーム104の上面)に対して平行な方向(図1,3,4,6~9の(a)において左右方向)に出射するように、前記基板に接合され、前記基板は、前記発光端面に対向し、前記レーザ光を反射する反射面(116,216,316,416,516)を備え、前記基準面に垂直な方向(図1,3,4,6~9の(a)において奥行方向)から見て、前記ワイヤが伸びる方向(図1,3,4,6~9の(a)において上下方向)は、前記発光端面から前記レーザ光が出射される方向に対して垂直であることを特徴とする。
6 光学センサ(電子機器)
100、400 半導体レーザ
100l 左発光端面(発光端面)
100r、400r 右発光端面(発光端面)
102 サブマウント
104 リードフレーム(金属製リードフレーム)
104a アノード部
104c カソード部
106、206、306、406、506 樹脂部(樹脂)
108、208、308、408、508 パッケージ(基板)
110 ワイヤ
114、214、224、314、414、514 レーザ光
116、216、316、416、516 反射面
118 光軸
120、220、320、420、520 凹部
122 露出部
124、224、324、424 開口
128a、128b、228、228a、428b、528 カバー(光散乱層)
132、432 レンズ
134、234 光軸
230 呼吸孔
632 受光部
634 制御部
Claims (21)
- 基板と、レーザ光を発光端面から出射する半導体レーザと、前記半導体レーザに接合されるワイヤとを備え、
前記半導体レーザは、前記レーザ光を前記基板の基準面に対して平行な方向に出射するように、前記基板に接合され、
前記基板は、前記発光端面に対向し、前記レーザ光を反射する反射面を備え、
前記基準面に垂直な方向から見て、前記ワイヤが伸びる方向は、前記発光端面から前記レーザ光が出射される方向に対して垂直である
ことを特徴とするアイセーフ光源。 - 前記発光端面は、前記半導体レーザの両側に設けられており、
前記反射面は、前記発光端面のそれぞれに対向するように、前記半導体レーザの前記両側に設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記発光端面は互いに光学的に対称であり、
前記反射面は、第1対称面について、面対称であり、
前記第1対称面は、前記発光端面から前記レーザ光が出射される方向に垂直な、前記半導体レーザの中心を通る面である
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記発光端面は、前記半導体レーザの片側に設けられており、
前記反射面は、前記発光端面に対向するように、前記半導体レーザの前記片側に設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記反射面は、第2対称面について、面対称であり、
前記第2対称面は、前記発光端面から前記レーザ光が出射される方向に平行な、前記基準面に垂直な、前記発光端面の発光中心を通る面である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から4の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基板は、金属製リードフレームと、前記金属製リードフレームを少なくとも部分的に覆う樹脂と、を含み、
前記半導体レーザは、前記金属製リードフレームに接合されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から5の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基準面に垂直な方向から見て、前記発光端面がサブマウントから突出するように、前記半導体レーザは、前記サブマウントを介して、前記基板に接合されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記発光端面と前記発光端面に対向する前記反射面との間には、前記レーザ光を散乱する光散乱体は存在しない
ことを特徴とする請求項1から7の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記反射面は、前記レーザ光を散乱する光散乱体を含む樹脂により形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から8の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記反射面は、金属により形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から8の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記反射面により反射された前記レーザ光は、前記レーザ光を散乱する光散乱体を含む光散乱層を透過する
ことを特徴とする請求項1から10の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記反射面は、放物線からなる曲面の一部を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1から11の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記曲面は、前記放物線の対称軸を回転軸として、または前記放物線の対称軸に対して傾斜した軸を回転軸として前記放物線が回転したときに前記放物線の回転の軌跡が描く回転体の表面である
ことを特徴とする請求項12に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基準面に対して垂直な方向において、前記放物線の焦点の位置は、前記発光端面の位置と一致する
ことを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基準面に対して垂直な方向において、前記放物線の焦点の位置は、前記発光端面の位置と異なる
ことを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記発光端面は、気体または真空に接している
ことを特徴とする請求項1から15の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基板を、前記基板とカバーとの間の内部空間に前記半導体レーザを収納するように、覆う前記カバーを更に備え、
前記発光端面は、気体に接しており、
前記カバーまたは前記基板は、前記気体が内部と外部とに出入り可能な呼吸孔を備える
ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記半導体レーザは不活性気体により気体封止されている
ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記レーザ光は、700nmよりも長波長である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から18の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 表面実装型のアイセーフ光源である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から19の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。 - 前記基準面に平行な、光学的な開口部を備え、
前記開口部から、前記レーザ光が放射される
ことを特徴とする請求項1から20の何れか1項に記載のアイセーフ光源。
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US10658812B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
JPWO2017086053A1 (ja) | 2018-07-26 |
CN108352676A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
US20180331492A1 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
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