WO2017084544A1 - 优化公交多维交通路网 - Google Patents

优化公交多维交通路网 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017084544A1
WO2017084544A1 PCT/CN2016/105683 CN2016105683W WO2017084544A1 WO 2017084544 A1 WO2017084544 A1 WO 2017084544A1 CN 2016105683 W CN2016105683 W CN 2016105683W WO 2017084544 A1 WO2017084544 A1 WO 2017084544A1
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Prior art keywords
bus
interchange
reversing
road
level
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PCT/CN2016/105683
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭高培
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彭高培
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Publication of WO2017084544A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017084544A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/04—Road crossings on different levels; Interconnections between roads on different levels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/002—Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of urban road traffic, in particular to optimizing a multi-dimensional traffic road network for public transportation.
  • urban traffic consists of a mixture of subways, rail transit, overhead, signal crossing, and bus priority (BRT). Because of the transportation (car) and the road structure (the subway is the axis), the subway torn the city's multi-dimensional (ground, underground) space into strips, blocks, can be described as “multi-horse.”
  • multi-horse meal The characteristic of “multi-horse meal” is that even if enough subways are built, it can only maintain urban traffic and cannot solve the “congestion” of urban traffic.
  • the research data shows that underground space can be used to lay subway traffic, or to lay out car traffic (car underground). Both of them have the characteristics of large capacity, fast and punctuality, but the latter are better than the former.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an optimized bus multi-dimensional traffic road network to solve the existing urban traffic mode defects.
  • multi-dimensional traffic road network There are two levels to optimize the multi-dimensional traffic network of public transportation: one is multi-dimensional traffic road network; the other is to optimize public transportation, the multi-dimensional The traffic road network is through the T-shaped reversing interchange, the double-slope reversing level crossing, and the multi-dimensional traffic road network without hindering the bridge; optimizing the public transportation is to optimize the bus through various measures, methods and methods.
  • the T-switching interchange is composed of a straight line, a vertical line, a straight line to the left side, a vertical line to the left side, a straight line right side, and a vertical line right side;
  • the straight line reversing left ⁇ and the vertical line reversing left ⁇ are arranged outside the straight line non-transit;
  • the straight line is shifted to the left side by a straight line separating point to a straight line cutting point;
  • the vertical line is shifted to the left side by a vertical line separation point to a vertical line entry point.
  • the single-lane and two-way roads of the double-slope reversing level are arranged on the same floor, and the one-way road crosses the two-way street, and the opposite side of the two-lane road is formed to form an "archway" to realize one-way crossing, and the change is performed. To the level crossing, it is called double-slope reversal leveling;
  • the double-slope reversing level is composed of a one-way street, a two-way street, a one-way road to the left, a two-way road to the left, a single line, and a double line.
  • the one-way reversal left ⁇ is separated from a one-way separation point to a one-way entry point;
  • the two-way reversal left ⁇ is separated from the two-way separation point to the two-way entry point;
  • the double-slope reversing leveling is set on the underground floor, so that the ground high-speed and the multi-dimensional traffic road network can achieve traffic matching and seamless connection.
  • unobstructed bridge means that the underground expressway network passes through the river channel, does not damage the bridge structure, and ensures that the underground expressway network is connected and connected, and the bridge is called an unobstructed bridge;
  • the unobstructed bridge is obtained by using the plane space on both sides of the bridge in exchange for the vertical space of the bridge;
  • the unobstructed bridge has two types of single side modes and two side modes according to different road section modes;
  • the single-side mode of the bridge is not hindered, the ground height is a layer of ground height, and there is no public layer, and the bus is disposed on the same floor, and is applicable to a layer road section mode;
  • the two sides of the bridge have two layers of ground height and two layers of ground height;
  • the two sides of the bridge are not hindered, the ground height is one floor height, and the two side modes are one side of the common layer and one floor height, which is suitable for the second layer road section mode;
  • the two sides of the bridge are not hindered, and the ground height is two floors, and the two sides are a common layer, one ground height and two ground heights, and are applicable to the three-layer road section mode;
  • the public floor is arranged according to the design requirements according to the different depths of the river.
  • the road network segment mode has three: one, one layer road segment mode; two or two layer road segment patterns; three or three layer road segment patterns, which are selected for large, large, medium, and small cities;
  • the one-story road section mode is set on the ground floor of one floor, and the bus is set on both sides of a ground-level main line or a vertical independent bus station;
  • the two-layer road segment mode has a common layer disposed on the basement layer, and a floor height is disposed on the second floor of the basement;
  • the three-layer road segment mode has a common layer disposed on the basement layer, one floor height is set on the second floor, and the second floor is set on the third floor.
  • the optimized bus method has four: one, a road network bus network method; two, a direct bus matching method; three, a bus decentralized setting method and four, a bus line transfer method.
  • the road network bus network method has two types: a direct bus network law and a non-through bus network law;
  • the bus of the road network bus network is set in the middle of the road network road, the non-transit bus is set outside the road network road, and the left turn is set outside the non-transit bus.
  • the bus has two levels of direct bus and non-direct bus;
  • the direct transit network method is to achieve direct bus supply and demand matching through network intensive, so that the road network public traffic volume and speed are maximized, and the network connection method is called the direct transit network network method;
  • the non-direct transit network method is to realize the arbitrary steering of the non-direct bus through the reversal of the left and right sides.
  • the non-direct bus can directly connect the transportation hub highway, railway, airport and human settlement area, transportation hub and human settlement area and
  • the organic integration of the road network, its network law is called the non-direct public transport network law;
  • the direct transit network method and the non-direct public transportation network method complement each other, and each exerts an advantage to realize the optimal optimization of the road network bus.
  • the direct bus matching method has two methods: a unified matching method and a node matching method:
  • the unified matching method has a variable intermediate segment unified matching mode; a uniform matching mode from the beginning edge segment to the middle segment; a uniform matching mode from the middle segment to the final segment segment; the start segment directly reaches the final segment unified matching mode and the start segment to the end Five types of uniform matching modes in the edge;
  • the node matching method has a variable middle segment node matching mode; a starting segment to a middle segment node matching mode; a middle segment to a final segment node matching mode and a starting segment segment direct terminal segment node matching mode.
  • bus decentralization method has two methods: one is a public-layer bus decentralization method, and the other is a co-located bus decentralization method;
  • the public-layer bus decentralization setting method is to set the bus to the public floor, and to replenish and replenish the bus required for the ground, the first floor height and the second floor height in time through the interlayer entrance and exit, the setting method is called Decentralized setting method for public level buses;
  • the public layer bus decentralization setting method is applicable to a two-layer road segment mode and a three-layer road segment mode;
  • the above-mentioned bus decentralization setting method is to set the bus to the outside of the main road of the same floor or to the vertical independent bus station, and to replenish and replenish the bus required for the ground and the ground level in time through the interlayer entrance and exit.
  • the setting method is called the same-level bus dispersion setting method;
  • the same-layer bus dispersion setting method is applicable to a layer road segment mode.
  • the bus line transfer method has nine: one, double wide lane reversing interchange bus line transfer method; second, wide and narrow road commutating interchange bus line transfer method; three, wide mixed road commutation interchange bus line Transfer method; four, double narrow road reversing interchange bus line transfer method; five, narrow mixed road reversing interchange bus line transfer method; six, double mixed road reversing interchange bus line transfer method; Transfer to the interchange bus line; eight, double-slope reversing flat bus line transfer method and nine, road network section bus line method.
  • the transfer method of the double wide lane commutated interchange bus line is formed by superimposing unidirectional zebra crossing and double wide lane reversing interchange;
  • the double wide lane reversing interchange bus line transfer method is composed of a north-south zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, an upper double-energy bus station station and a lower-level dual-energy bus station station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder.
  • wide-narrow-way reversing interchange bus line transfer method is formed by superimposing two-way zebra crossing and wide-narrow reversing interchange;
  • the wide and narrow reversing interchange bus line transfer method is composed of an east-west zebra vertical ladder, a north-south zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a dual-energy bus station station, a separate bus station station, and an overpass bus station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder.
  • the wide-mixed commutating interchange bus line transfer method is formed by superimposing two-way zebra crossing and wide mixing lane reversing interchange;
  • the wide mixed lane reversing bus line transfer method is composed of an east-west zebra vertical ladder, a north-south zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a dual-energy bus station station, a separate bus station station, and an overpass bus station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder.
  • the transfer method of the double narrow lane commutating bus line is formed by superimposing unidirectional zebra crossing and double narrow lane reversing interchange;
  • the double-narrow-way reversing interchange bus line transfer method is composed of an east-west zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a separate bus stop station, and an overpass bus station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder
  • the double narrow road commutating the upper layer can be expanded and widened by the above-ground building, and the upper layer of the interchange can be changed into a dual-energy bus station.
  • the upper boundary is widened and the double narrow road commutation becomes
  • the wide and narrow roads are reversing, and the wide and narrow roads are reversing.
  • narrow-mixed commutating interchange bus line transfer method is formed by superimposing unidirectional zebra crossing and narrow mixing lane reversing interchange;
  • the narrow mixed lane reversing interchange bus line transfer method is composed of a zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a separate bus stop station, and an overpass bus station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder
  • the narrow mixed road reversing the upper layer of the interchange can be expanded and widened by the above-ground building, and the upper layer of the interchange can be changed into a dual-energy bus station. In other words, the upper layer is widened by the transition, and the narrow mixed road is changed to the interchange.
  • Wide-mix reversing interchanges, wide-mix reversing interchanges have been described, not to repeat.
  • the transfer mode of the double-mixed commutating interchange bus line is formed by superimposing unidirectional zebra crossing and double mixing lane reversing interchange;
  • the double mixed road commutating interchange bus line transfer method is composed of an east-west zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a separate bus stop station, and an overpass bus station;
  • the upper bus line is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper double-energy bus station, and realizes the upper-level bus ride;
  • the lower-level bus line is changed from the double-wide road to the upper-level interchange to the vertical ladder, and enters the lower-level dual-energy bus station to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by transferring a ladder
  • the double-mixed road reversing the upper layer of the interchange can be expanded and widened by the above-ground building, and the upper layer of the interchange becomes a dual-energy bus station.
  • the upper layer is widened and the double-mixed commutating interchange becomes Wide-mix reversing interchanges, wide-mix reversing interchanges have been described, not to repeat.
  • the transfer method of the T-switched interchange bus line is formed by superimposing a T-horse cross and a T-turn interchange;
  • the transfer method of the T-switched interchange bus line is composed of a zebra vertical ladder, a transfer vertical ladder, a separate bus stop station, a linear bus stop, and a vertical bus stop;
  • the straight-line bus line is from the east-west zebra ladder, enters the upper-level separate bus station, and then passes through the transfer ladder to enter the straight bus station to realize the bus ride;
  • the vertical line bus line is from the east-west zebra vertical ladder, enters the upper-level separate bus station, and then enters the vertical bus station by changing the vertical ladder to realize the bus ride;
  • the public exchange is realized by changing the vertical ladder and at the bus stop station.
  • the double-slope reversing bus line transfer method is to set the two-way road of the reversing level to be placed below the upper span of the upper cross-over interchange, and the reversing of the two-way reversing of the two-way road needs to be set on the upper side.
  • Cross-commutation interchanges are over-lined to ensure that the upper-span commutation interchange and the commutation-level interaction do not interfere;
  • the commutating level two-way public commutating line is directly passed through the upper span commutating straight through the double-row vertical ladder, and then transferred to the ground by the transfer vertical ladder;
  • the reversing level crossing one-way bus interchange line is directly passed through the upper span commutating straight through layer through a single row of vertical ladders, and then transferred to the ground through the transfer ladder;
  • the public exchange multiply realizes one layer of ground height, two floors of ground height itself and ground height mutual transfer through two vertical ladders of a single row of vertical ladders and two rows of vertical ladders and a transfer ladder of upper crossover commutations;
  • the public exchange is realized by a single-row vertical ladder and a double-row vertical ladder in the upper double-energy bus station.
  • bus line transfer method of the road network segment includes: one, one-segment road mode bus line transfer method; the second and second floor road section mode bus lines; and the third- and third-layer road section mode bus line transfer method;
  • the one-story section mode bus line transfer method one floor height is set on the basement level, and the bus line is entered by a horizontal zebra ladder to enter a ground level to realize bus travel;
  • the two-story section mode bus line transfer method one floor height is set on the second floor of the underground, and the bus line enters the public floor by the east-west zebra vertical ladder, and enters the ground level by the transfer vertical ladder to realize the bus ride;
  • the three-story section mode bus line transfer method one floor height is set on the second floor of the underground, and the second floor height is set on the third floor of the underground.
  • the bus line enters the common floor by the east-west zebra ladder, and enters a common ladder.
  • the height of the floor is high, and a layer of high-rise bus is realized. Then, by changing to the vertical ladder, the second floor height is reached, and the second floor expressway bus is realized;
  • the public floor 48 is composed of a bus parking station 36, various types of pipe networks 49, static traffic 50, commercial facilities 8, underground pedestrian aisles 4, east-west zebra vertical ladders 51, and transfer vertical ladders 66.
  • Optimized public transport not only has the characteristics of direct public transport: road network is about intensive; bus supply and demand match; and has the function of non-direct bus lanes, that is, non-direct bus lanes are fully interoperable with non-bus lanes: straight through, reversing left Right, let the bus get the best results.
  • Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the dynamic segmentation and uniform matching method for the ground and ground-to-high-speed direct transit.
  • Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the dynamic segmentation node matching method for the ground and ground-high direct transit buses.
  • Figure 10 zebra leveling and wide and narrow road commutation interchange superimposed bus line transfer plan: (1) zebra level crossing (ground floor).
  • Figure 14 zebra leveling and wide mixed road reversing interchange superimposed bus line transfer plan: (2) wide mixed road reversing interchange upper (wide) dual energy, separate bus station (underground level).
  • Figure 15 zebra leveling and wide mixed road reversing interchange superimposed bus line transfer plan: (3) wide mixed road reversing interchange lower (narrow road) interchange bus station (basement 2nd floor).
  • Figure 16 zebra leveling and double narrow road commutation interchange superimposed bus line transfer plan: (1) zebra level crossing (ground floor).
  • Figure 19 Plane transfer of zebra leveling and narrow mixed road reversing interchange superimposed bus lines: (1) Zebra crossing (ground floor).
  • FIG. 25 T-spot zebra crossing and T-shaped reversing interchange superimposed bus line transfer plan: (1) T-horse zebra crossing (ground floor).
  • T-spot zebra crossing and T-shaped reversing interchange superimposed line transfer plan (3) T-shaped reversing interchange lower-level linear bus station and vertical line bus station (basement 2).
  • Figure 31 zebra level crossing, upper span reversing interchange and reversing leveling superimposed bus line transfer plan: (4) reversing level crossing (three underground floors).
  • Figure 32 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (1) zebra leveling (ground layer).
  • Figure 33 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (2) One-story section mode: the basement level is a layer of ground height.
  • Figure 34 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (3) Two-story section mode: The basement is a common floor.
  • Figure 35 Zebra leveling and one-story road section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (4)
  • Two-story section mode The second floor of the basement is a layer of ground height.
  • Figure 36 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (5) Three-story section mode: The basement is a common floor.
  • Figure 37 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (6) Three-story section mode: The second basement is a layer of ground height.
  • Figure 38 Zebra leveling and one-story section mode, two-story section mode and three-story section mode superimposed bus route plan: (7) Three-story section mode: The underground three-story is two-story ground height.
  • Figure 39 Floor plan of the ground express road network.
  • Figure 40 Plan view of a layer of high-altitude highway network.
  • Figure 41 Plan view of a two-story high-speed highway network.
  • T-switching interchange 53 consists of a straight line 54, a vertical line 55, a straight line to the left side 58, a vertical line to the left side 61, a straight line right side 68 and a vertical line right side 69;
  • the straight line reversing left ⁇ 58 is separated by a straight line separating point 56 to a straight line cutting point 57;
  • the vertical line reversal left ⁇ 61 is from the vertical line separation point 59 to the vertical line plunging point 60.
  • FIG. 4 Ground 39, ground height 40 direct transit bus 5 dynamic segmentation unified bus matching method has variable intermediate segment unified matching mode 23; starting segment to intermediate segment unified matching mode 24; intermediate segment to final segment unified matching mode 25 The starting edge segment reaches the final edge segment uniform matching mode 26 and the starting edge segment to the final edge segment unified matching mode 27 five kinds.
  • Ground 39, ground height 40 direct transit bus 5 dynamic segmentation node bus matching method has variable intermediate segment node matching mode 28; initial edge segment to intermediate segment node matching mode 29; intermediate segment to final segment node matching mode 30 And the starting edge segment reaches the final edge segment node matching mode 31.
  • the former is Double wide-lane, single-slope, single-slope, reversing, left and right, independent, upper-span, reversing, interchange, 108, the interchange not only represents the public exchange line, but also the reversing interchange 15; the latter double-wide reversing interchange 74 only represents the public exchange By line, there is no clear commutation interchange 15 form, the purpose of which is to make the double interchangeable interchange 74 interchangeable clear line.
  • double wide, wide and narrow, wide mixed, double narrow, narrow mixed, double mixed commutating interchange 15 can be arbitrarily chosen, eclectic.
  • the left-hand side of the interchange interchange 15 can be placed between the bus 9 and the non-bus 10.
  • the double wide-lane double-slope single-slope reversing left-right fully independent upper-span reversing interchange 108 is composed of a straight-through reversing left crucible 104 and an upper span reversing left crucible 107.
  • the through-reverse left turn 104 passes from the through-break point 102 to the straight-through point 103.
  • the upper span reversal left ⁇ 107 is from the upper span separation point 105 to the upper span puncturing point 106.
  • the double wide lane reversing interchange 74 refers to the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15 and the lower layer is the wide lane 83, and the interchange is referred to as the double wide lane reversing interchange 74.
  • the two-way single-slope reversing left and right ⁇ all-independent reversing interchange consists of a straight-through reversal left ⁇ 104 and an upper span reversal left ⁇ 107.
  • the through-reverse left turn 104 passes from the through-break point 102 to the straight-through point 103.
  • the upper span reversal left ⁇ 107 is from the upper span separation point 105 to the upper span puncturing point 106.
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the east-west zebra ladder 51 to the upper-level dual-energy bus station 35, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange route is from the upper-level north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, to the lower-level dual-energy bus station 35, to achieve the lower-level bus ride;
  • the wide and narrow lane reversing interchange 75 means that the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15 is a wide lane 83, the lower layer is a narrow lane 84, and the interchange is called a wide narrow lane reversing interchange 75.
  • Wide and narrow reversing interchange 75 bus line transfer method by reversing left ⁇ 82, east zebra vertical ladder 51 north and south zebra vertical ladder 52, wide and narrow road reversing interchange 75 upper single bus station 34 and dual energy bus station 35 And a wide and narrow reversing interchange 75 sub-level interchange bus station 63;
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the east-west zebra ladder 51 to the upper-level dual-energy bus station 35, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, and then enters the lower-level interchange bus station 63 via the waiting car ladder 33 to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • Wide Mixing Lane Interchange 76 means that the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15 is a wide lane 83, the lower layer is a mixing lane 62, and the intersection is referred to as a wide mixing lane reversing interchange 76.
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the east-west zebra ladder 51 to the upper-level dual-energy bus station 35, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, and then enters the lower-level interchange bus station 63 via the waiting car ladder 33 to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the double-narrow-way reversing interchange 77 refers to the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15 and the lower layer is the narrow channel 84, and the interchange is referred to as the double-narrow reversing interchange 77.
  • Double narrow road reversing interchange 77 bus line transfer method from reversing left ⁇ 82, north and south zebra vertical ladder 52, waiting car vertical ladder 33, transfer vertical ladder 66, upper single bus station station 34 and upper and lower level overpass Station 63 composition;
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, enters the double-narrow road reversing interchange 77, and then returns to the upper layer via the transfer vertical ladder 66, enters the double narrow-way reversing interchange 77 Station 63, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange line is from the north-south zebra ladder 52, enters the separate bus station 34, passes the waiting car ladder 33, and enters the lower-level interchange bus station 63 to realize the lower-level bus ride.
  • the upper lane of the double narrow road reversing interchange 77 can be widened and widened by the ground 39 building, and the upper level of the interchange becomes the double energy bus station 35.
  • the upper boundary is widened by the interchange, and the double narrow road reversing interchange 77 It has become a wide and narrow reversing interchange 75, and the wide and narrow reversing interchange 75 has been described, not to be repeated;
  • Narrow-mixed commutation interchange 78 means that the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15 is a narrow passage 84, the lower layer is a mixed passage 62, and the intersection is referred to as a narrow-mix reversing interchange 78.
  • Narrow mixed road reversing interchange 78 bus line transfer method from reversing left ⁇ 82, north and south zebra vertical ladder 52, waiting car vertical ladder 33, transfer vertical ladder 66, upper single bus station station 34 and upper and lower level overpass Station 63 composition;
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, enters the narrow mixed road reversing interchange 78 lower layer, and then returns to the upper layer through the transfer vertical ladder 66, enters the narrow mixed road reversing interchange 78 Station 63, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra ladder 52, enters the separate bus stop station 34, passes through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, and enters the lower-level interchange bus station 63 to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the upper part of the narrow mixed road reversing interchange 78 can be widened and widened by the ground 39 building, and the upper level of the interchange becomes the double energy bus stop station 35. In other words, the upper level of the interchange is widened, and the narrow mixed road is converted to the interchange. It becomes a wide-mix reversing interchange 76, and a wide-mix reversing interchange 76 has been described, not to repeat;
  • Double-mixed reversing interchange 79 refers to the upper layer of the reversing interchange 15, the lower layer is the mixed road 62, and its interchange It is called double mixed lane reversing interchange 79.
  • the upper-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, into the double-mixed road commutating interchange 79 lower layer, and then transferred to the upper layer via the transfer vertical ladder 66, into the double mixed road reversing interchange 79 overpass Station 63, to achieve the upper bus ride;
  • the lower-level public exchange route is from the north-south zebra ladder 52, enters the separate bus stop station 34, passes through the waiting car vertical ladder 33, and enters the lower-level interchange bus station 63 to realize the lower-level bus ride;
  • the double-mixed reversing interchange is on the upper level of 79. It can be demolished and widened by the ground 39 building and the underground structure is replaced and widened, so that the upper level of the interchange becomes a dual-energy bus station 35. In other words, the upper layer is widened by the interchange, and the double-mixed interchange is over 79. It becomes a wide-mix reversing interchange 76, and a wide-mix reversing interchange 76 has been described, not to repeat;
  • FIG. 25 Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 27: T-switching interchange 53 bus line transfer method by reversing left-handed 82, east-west zebra vertical ladder 51, T-switching interchange 53, separate bus station 34, straight bus station 70 and a vertical bus stop 71;
  • the straight-line bus interchange route is from the east-west zebra ladder 51, enters the upper-level bus stop station 34, and then passes through the transfer ladder 66 to enter the straight bus station 70 to realize the straight-line bus ride;
  • the vertical line commutating line is from the east-west zebra ladder 51, enters the upper-level separate bus station 34, and then enters the vertical bus station 71 to transfer to the vertical bus station 71 to realize the bus ride;
  • Figure 28, Figure 29, Figure 30, Figure 31 zebra level crossing 14, upper span reversing interchange 109 and reversing level crossing 1 superimposed bus interchange line plan, zebra level crossing 14 and upper span reversing interchange 109 are not described, the key It is a reversal level 1 .
  • the reversing level 1 uses a double-slope reversing level 94.
  • the so-called double-slope reversal leveling 94 means that the reversing level crossing 1 is set on the underground three-layer 45.
  • the two-lane road 112 needs to adopt a opposite ramp, and the one-way street 111 can cross the double Lane 112, which implements a reversing level 1, is referred to as a double-slope reversing level 94.
  • the design of the double-slope reversing leveling 94 has a premise that the direct-transfer left-hand 104 of the second-floor underground 47 can ensure that the two-lane design of the double-slope reversing leveling 94 conforms to the specification, and the two do not interfere with each other.
  • the upper crossover reversing 109 design is based on the reversing level 1 design, which has two levels of design: one is the line: the straight through the reversing interchange 109, the left turn 104, the straight right 99, the upper right 100 According to the one-way reversing of the one-way road of the reversing level 1, the left-hand side and the two-way road reversing left-hand ⁇ 93 are determined; the second is the vertical ladder: the transfer ladder of the upper-span reversing interchange 109 is a single-row vertical ladder 115 according to the reversing level 1 And double row vertical ladder 116 design.
  • the east-west zebra ladder 51, the north-south zebra vertical ladder 52, the waiting car vertical ladder 33, the transfer vertical ladder 66, the single-row vertical ladder 115 and the double-row vertical ladder 116 can be arranged according to the design to facilitate passengers.
  • double-slope reversing leveling 94 is applied separately, and is particularly suitable for seamless connection of high-speed and multi-dimensional traffic road networks.
  • various node commutation interchanges 15 can also be used for seamless connections.
  • Road network segment 17 bus line transfer method has three: one, one layer road segment mode 11 bus line; second, second floor road segment mode 12 bus Line; three or three-story section mode 32 bus lines.
  • One-story section mode 11 bus line is connected to the ground level by the east-west zebra ladder 51 to realize the bus ride.
  • the second-floor road mode 12 bus line enters the common floor 48 from the east-west zebra ladder 51, and enters a ground height 18 by the transfer vertical ladder 66 to realize the bus ride.
  • the three-story section mode 32 bus line enters the common floor 48 from the east-west zebra ladder 51, and enters a ground height 18 by changing the vertical ladder 66, realizing a layer of ground height 18 bus ride, and then entering the ladder 66 to enter the second
  • the floor height is 19, and the second floor height is 19 bus rides.
  • the public floor 48 is composed of a bus parking station 36, various types of pipe networks 49, static traffic 50, commercial facilities 8, underground pedestrian aisles 4, east-west horse ladders 51 and transfer vertical ladders 66.
  • the Dajiang River does not have a public floor 48, that is, the public floor 48 is set separately across the river.
  • the multi-dimensional traffic network is placed on the road axis.
  • the ground road network has two types: the ground express road network 42 and the ground slow speed road network 41.
  • the ground fast road network 42 adopts the commutation interchange 15 and the zebra level crossing 14
  • the ground slow speed road network 41 adopts the signal level crossing 13;
  • the ground fast road section The one-way return ramp 95 and the two-way return ramp 96 are arranged, and the return ramp set on the ground fast road section is referred to as a fast return ramp 98.
  • the ground section intersection 3 refers to the ground fast road network 42 and the ground slow speed road network 41 intersecting, in the form Signal level crossing 13, zebra level crossing 14, upper span interchange 101 plus ground non-machine platform and commutating interchange 15 four.
  • Figure 40 A layer of high-altitude highway network 43
  • the road axis is a direct bus 5, 10
  • F node 16 is a non-through bus 6;
  • Figure 41 The two-story high-altitude road network adopts the reversing level 1 and the second floor section 2, which should be repeated: the reversing level 1 uses the double-slope reversing level 94.
  • the invention optimizes the bus multi-dimensional traffic road network according to the multi-dimensional traffic road network, the optimized bus and the conclusion respectively.
  • the multi-dimensional traffic road network consists of a ground express road network and a ground level road network.
  • the so-called optimization of public transport law refers to urban public transportation. Through various technologies, structures, organizations and other measures, methods and methods (methods), the public transportation volume is the largest, the speed is faster, the transfer is convenient, and the bus emptying rate is the smallest.
  • There are four ways to optimize the bus one, the road network bus network method; two, the ground, the ground high direct bus matching method; three, the bus decentralized setting method; four, the bus line transfer method.
  • the road network bus network method has two types: the direct channel network bus network method and the non-direct channel network bus network method.
  • the ground and ground direct communication unified bus matching method has a variable intermediate segment uniform matching mode; the starting segment to the middle segment unified matching mode; the middle segment to the final segment unified matching mode; the starting segment directly reaches the final segment unified matching mode and There are five types of uniform matching patterns from the beginning to the end.
  • the ground and ground-high direct-pass node bus matching method has a variable middle-segment node matching mode; the starting-to-intermediate-segment node matching mode; the middle-to-end-segment node matching mode and the starting-edge segment-to-end-end segment node matching mode .
  • bus decentralization There are two methods for bus decentralization: one, the public-layer bus decentralization method; the second, the same-level bus decentralization method.
  • bus line transfer There are two levels of bus line transfer: one is the line; the second is the transfer.
  • the line refers to the bus passenger bus line; the transfer refers to the bus passenger line transfer.
  • routes There are two kinds of routes: direct bus and non-direct bus. In the large and large cities, the network can be used to make the direct bus to obtain an effective and optimal supply and demand match.
  • Multidimensional traffic road network is road hardware. With intelligent software to fill the "blank" of modern traffic engineering textbooks - intelligent transportation. The name is just beginning to open a new era of urban intelligent transportation.
  • the public transportation of the invention has the advantages of large capacity, fast, punctuality, convenient transfer, short parking time, good accessibility, small empty car speed, etc., and its characteristics are far superior to the existing urban traffic mode (using the subway as the axis). It has created favorable conditions for the promotion of new energy vehicles; provided hardware support for intelligent transportation; provided technical support for the development of underground space of about half of the city's ground construction area, and achieved sustainable development of global cities.

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Abstract

一种优化公交多维交通路网，包括二个层面：一是多维交通路网；二是优化公交，多维交通路网是通过丁字换向立交(53)、双坡式换向平交(94)以及无碍桥梁建立多维交通路网。优化公交有四个层面：路网公交网约、直通公交匹配、公交车分散设置和公交线路换乘。优化公交多维交通路网具有大容量、快速、准点、换乘方便、可达性好等优点。

Description

优化公交多维交通路网 技术领域
本发明涉及城市道路交通领域，特别是涉及优化公交多维交通路网。
背景技术
世界上第一条地铁始于1863年英国伦敦，其目的是利用地铁取代城市马车交通，开创城市交通现代化的新纪元。25年后，德国奔驰(内燃机)汽车商业上市，由于汽车产量有限，许多城市出现有轨电车。130年后的今天，汽车成为人类社会主要的交通工具获得共识。
目前，城市交通由地铁、轨道交通、高架、信号平交、公交优先(BRT)等多种交通混合组成。由于交通工具(汽车)与道路结构(地铁为轴心)各一，地铁将城市多维(地上、地下)空间撕成一条条、一块块，真可谓称其为“多马分食”。“多马分食”的特点是即便修建足够多的地铁，也只能维持城市交通不瘫痪，不能解决城市交通“拥堵”。
研究资料表明：地下空间既可敷设地铁交通，亦可敷设汽车交通(汽车地下化)，两者均具大容量、快速、准点等特点，但后者多项指标优于前者。
多年以来，汽车地下化倍受世界各国政府和学者关注。但由于化石燃料严重“污染”，地下空间不能有效开发利用。俗话说，两害相权取其轻。“污染”与“拥堵”两害相权，人类社会无奈地选择了造成城市交通“拥堵”的地铁交通模式，放弃了汽车地下化。理智是人类社会发展的基础。
汽车地下化从本质上讲，就是敷设地下高速公路(简称地高)。随着第四次知识革命以几何级数迅速展开，智能汽车实现“电动”和“自动”、即“环保”和“安全”。智能汽车已在小范围内应用，并写入联合国交通公约。今天，汽车换代为城市道路换代提供了绝佳机遇。城市道路换代，特别是公共交通道路换代，关键是淘汰以地铁为轴心的现有城市地铁公交模式，建立以地高为核心的优化公交道路。可以肯定，本世纪为汽车地下化世纪，地下空间开发机不可失，时不再来。汽车换代与道路换代两者相辅相成，克服城市交通“拥堵”，城市可持续发展为全球可持续发展“典范”当之无愧。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种优化公交多维交通路网，以解决现有城市交通模式缺陷。优化公交多维交通路网分两个层面：一是多维交通路网；二是优化公交。
优化公交多维交通路网有二个层面：一是多维交通路网；二是优化公交，所述多维 交通路网是通过丁字换向立交、双坡式换向平交，以及无碍桥梁建立多维交通路网；优化公交是通过各种措施、办法、方法使其公交获得最佳优化。
进一步的，所述丁字换向立交由直线、垂线、直线换向左匝、垂线换向左匝、直线右匝和垂线右匝组成；
所述直线换向左匝和垂线换向左匝设置于直线非公交外侧；
所述直线换向左匝由直线分离点至直线切入点；
所述垂线换向左匝由垂线分离点至垂线切入点。
进一步的，所述双坡式换向平交的单行道和双行道均设置于同层，单行道穿越双行道，是通过双行道设置相向坡道形成“拱道”，实现单行道穿越，其换向平交称为双坡式换向平交；
所述双坡式换向平交由单行道、双行道、单行道换向左匝、双行道换向左匝、单行右匝和双行右匝组成；
所述单行道换向左匝由单行道分离点至单行道切入点；
所述双行道换向左匝由双行道分离点至双行道切入点；
所述双坡式换向平交设置于地下一层，使其地面高速与多维交通路网两者实现交通匹配，无缝连接。
进一步的，所述无碍桥梁是指地下高速路网通过河道，不损害桥梁结构，又能确保地下高速路网相连贯通，其桥梁称为无碍桥梁；
所述无碍桥梁是利用桥梁两侧平面空间换取桥梁竖向空间；
所述无碍桥梁，根据不同路段模式，有单侧模式和两侧模式两种；
所述无碍桥梁单侧模式，地高为一层地高，无公共层,其公交车设置于同层，适用于一层路段模式；
所述无碍桥梁两侧模式有一层地高和两层地高两种；
所述无碍桥梁两侧模式，地高为一层地高，两侧模式为公共层和一层地高各设一侧,适用于二层路段模式；
所述无碍桥梁两侧模式，地高为两层地高，两侧模式为公共层、一层地高和二层地高各设一侧，适用于三层路段模式；
所述公共层根据河流深浅不一，按设计需要设置设施。
进一步的，所述路网路段模式有三：一、一层路段模式；二、二层路段模式；三、三层路段模式，供特大、大、中、小城市选用；
所述一层路段模式其一层地高设置于地下一层，公交车设置于一层地高主线两侧或垂直独立公交车站位；
所述二层路段模式其公共层设置于地下一层，一层地高设置于地下二层；
所述三层路段模式其公共层设置于地下一层，一层地高设置于地下二层，二层地高设置于地下三层。
进一步的，所述优化公交法有四：一、路网公交网约法；二、直通公交匹配法；三、公交车分散设置法和四、公交线路换乘法。
进一步的，所述路网公交网约法有直通公交网约法和非直通公交网约法两种；
所述路网公交网约法的公交设置于路网道路中间，非公交设置于路网道路外面，换向左匝设置于非公交外侧，公交具有直通公交和非直通公交两个层面；
所述直通公交网约法是通过网约集约实现直通公交供需匹配，使其路网公交通行量、车速最大化，其网约法称为直通公交网约法；
所述非直通公交网约法是通过换向左匝和右匝实现非直通公交任意转向，非直通公交能直接连接交通枢纽公路、铁路、机场和人居集中区，交通枢纽和人居集中区与路网有机的融合，其网约法称为非直通公交网约法；
所述直通公交网约法和非直通公交网约法两者相辅相成，各自发挥优势，实现路网公交最佳优化。
进一步的，所述直通公交匹配法有统一匹配法和节点匹配法两种：
所述统一匹配法有可变中间段统一匹配模式；始边段至中间段统一匹配模式；中间段至终边段统一匹配模式；始边段直达终边段统一匹配模式和始边段至终边段统一匹配模式五种；
所述节点匹配法有可变中间段节点匹配模式；始边段至中间段节点匹配模式；中间段至终边段节点匹配模式和始边段直达终边段节点匹配模式四种。
进一步的，所述公交车分散设置法有二：一是公共层公交车分散设置法，二是同层公交车分散设置法；
所述公共层公交车分散设置法是将公交车设置于公共层，通过层间进出匝，能及时地循环补充地面、一层地高、二层地高所需的公交车，其设置法称为公共层公交车分散设置法；
所述公共层公交车分散设置法适用于二层路段模式和三层路段模式；
所述同层公交车分散设置法是将公交车设置于同层主线道路外侧或垂直独立公交车站位，通过层间进出匝，能及时地循环补充地面、一层地高所需的公交车，其设置法称为同层公交车分散设置法；
所述同层公交车分散设置法适用于一层路段模式。
进一步的，所述公交线路换乘法有九：一、双宽道换向立交公交线路换乘法；二、宽窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法；三、宽混道换向立交公交线路换乘法；四、双窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法；五、窄混道换向立交公交线路换乘法；六、双混道换向立交公交线路换乘法；七、丁字换向立交公交线路换乘法；八、双坡式换向平交公交线路换乘法和九、路网路段公交线路法。
进一步的，所述双宽道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交和双宽道换向立交叠加而成；
所述双宽道换向立交公交线路换乘法是由南北斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯，上层双能公交侯车站位和下层双能公交侯车站位组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现。
进一步的，所述宽窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过双向斑马平交和宽窄道换向立交叠加而成；
所述宽窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、南北斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯，双能公交侯车站位、单独公交侯车站位和立交公交站组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现。
进一步的，所述宽混道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过双向斑马平交和宽混道换向立交叠加而成；
所述宽混道换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、南北斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯，双能公交侯车站位、单独公交侯车站位和立交公交站组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现。
进一步的，所述双窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交和双窄道换向立交叠加而成；
所述双窄道换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯、单独公交侯车站位和立交公交站组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现；
所述双窄道换向立交上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双窄道换向立交变为宽窄道换向立交，宽窄道换向立交已叙，不赘述。
进一步的，所述窄混道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交和窄混道换向立交叠加而成；
所述窄混道换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯、单独公交侯车站位和立交公交站组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现；
所述窄混道换向立交上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，窄混道换向立交变为宽混道换向立交，宽混道换向立交已叙，不赘述。
进一步的，所述双混道换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交和双混道换向立交叠加而成；
所述双混道换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯、单独公交侯车站位和立交公交站组成；
所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯，进入上层双能公交侯车站位，实现上层公交乘车；
所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交上层换乘竖梯，进入下层双能公交侯车站位，实现下层公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯实现；
所述双混道换向立交上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双混道换向立交变为宽混道换向立交，宽混道换向立交已叙，不赘述。
进一步的，所述丁字换向立交公交线路换乘法是通过丁字斑马平交和丁字换向立交叠加而成；
所述丁字换向立交公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯、换乘竖梯、单独公交侯车站位、直线公交站和垂线公交站组成；
所述直线公交线路是从东西斑马竖梯，进入上层单独公交侯车站位，再经过换乘竖梯，进入直线公交站，实现公交乘车；
所述垂线公交线路是从东西斑马竖梯，进入上层单独公交侯车站位，再通过换乘竖梯，进入垂线公交站，实现公交乘车；
所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯，于单独公交侯车站位实现。
进一步的，所述双坡式换向平交公交线路换乘法，是将换向平交的双行道设置于上跨换向立交上跨线下面，换向平交双行道换向左匝需设置于上跨换向立交上跨线内，确保上跨换向立交与换向平交互不干扰；
所述换向平交双行道公交换乘线路是通过双行竖梯直接通过上跨换向立交直通层，再经换乘竖梯出地面；
所述换向平交单行道公交换乘线路是通过单行竖梯直接通过上跨换向立交直通层，再经换乘竖梯出地面；
所述公交换乘是通过单行竖梯和双行竖梯两种竖梯以及上跨换向立交的换乘竖梯实现一层地高、二层地高本身以及地高相互换乘；
所述公交换乘是通过单行竖梯和双行竖梯，于上层双能公交侯车站位实现。
进一步的，所述路网路段公交线路换乘法有：一、一层路段模式公交线路换乘法；二、二层路段模式公交线路；三、三层路段模式公交线路换乘法；
所述一层路段模式公交线路换乘法：一层地高设置于地下一层，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯进入一层地高，实现公交乘车；
所述二层路段模式公交线路换乘法：一层地高设置于地下二层，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯进入公共层，经换乘竖梯进入一层地高，实现公交乘车；
所述三层路段模式公交线路换乘法：一层地高设置于地下二层，二层地高设置于地下三层，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯进入公共层，经换乘竖梯进入一层地高，实现一层地高公交乘车， 再经换乘竖梯进入二层地高，实现二层地高公交乘车；
所述公共层48由公交车停车站位36、各类管网49、静态交通50、商业设施8、地下人行过道4、东西斑马竖梯51、换乘竖梯66构成。
优化公交不仅具有直通公交的特性：路网网约集约；公交供需匹配；并兼有非直通公交道的功能，即非直通公交道与非公交道一样均具有全互通：直通、换向左匝、右匝，使其公交获得最佳效果。
附图说明
[根据细则26改正19.12.2016]　
图1、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加平面图:丁字斑马平交(地面层)。
图2、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加平面图:(2)丁字换向立交上层(地下一层)。
图3、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加平面图:(3)丁字换向立交下层(地下二层)。
图4、地面、地高直通公交动态分段统一匹配法模式图。
图5、地面、地高直通公交动态分段节点匹配法模式图。
图6、斑马平交与双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交和双宽道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：斑马平交(地面层)。
图7、斑马平交与双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交和双宽道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交。
图8、斑马平交与双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交和双宽道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)双宽道换向立交上层双能公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图9、斑马平交与双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交和双宽道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(4)双宽道换向立交下层双能公交侯车站位(地下二层)。
图10、斑马平交与宽窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图11、斑马平交与宽窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)宽窄道换向立交上层(宽道)双能、单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图12、斑马平交与宽窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)宽窄道换向立交下层(窄道)立交公交站(地下二层)。
图13、斑马平交与宽混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图14、斑马平交与宽混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)宽混道换向立交上层(宽道)双能、单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图15、斑马平交与宽混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)宽混道换向立交下层(窄道)立交公交站(地下二层)。
图16、斑马平交与双窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图:(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图17、斑马平交与双窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图:(2)双窄道换向立交上层单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图18、斑马平交与双窄道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图:(3)双窄道换向立交下层公交侯车站位(地下二层)。
图19、斑马平交与窄混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图20、斑马平交与窄混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)窄混道换向立交上层单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图21、斑马平交与窄混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)窄混道换向立交下层立交公交站(地下二层)。
图22、斑马平交与双混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图23、斑马平交与双混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)双混道换向立交上层单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图24、斑马平交与双混道换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)双混道换向立交下层立交公交站(地下二层)。
图25、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)丁字斑马平交(地面层)。
图26、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)丁字换向立交上层单独公交侯车站位(地下一层)。
图27、丁字斑马平交与丁字换向立交叠加线路换乘平面图：(3)丁字换向立交下层直线公交站和垂线公交站(地下二层)。
图28、斑马平交、上跨换向立交和换向平交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图29、斑马平交、上跨换向立交和换向平交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(2)上跨换向立交上层(地下一层)。
图30、斑马平交、上跨换向立交和换向平交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(3)上跨换 向立交下层(地下二层)。
图31、斑马平交、上跨换向立交和换向平交叠加公交线路换乘平面图：(4)换向平交(地下三层)。
图32斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(1)斑马平交(地面层)。
图33斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(2)一层路段模式：地下一层为一层地高。
图34斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(3)二层路段模式：地下一层为公共层。
图35斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(4)二层路段模式：地下二层为一层地高。
图36斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(5)三层路段模式：地下一层为公共层。
图37斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(6)三层路段模式：地下二层为一层地高。
图38斑马平交与一层路段模式、二层路段模式和三层路段模式叠加公交线路平面图：(7)三层路段模式：地下三层为二层地高。
图39、地面快速路网平面图。
图40、一层地高高速路网平面图。
图41、二层地高高速路网平面图。
其中：1-换向平交；2-二层地高路段；3-地面路段交叉；4-地下人行过道；5-直通公交；6-非直通公交；7-道路轴线；8-商业设施；9-公交；10-非公交；11-一层路段模式；12-二层路段模式；13-信号平交；14-斑马平交；15-换向立交；16-节点；17-路段；18-一层地高；19-二层地高；20-始边段；21-中间段；22-终边段；23-可变中间段统一匹配模式；24-始边段至中间段统一匹配模式；25-中间段至终边段统一匹配模式；26-始边段直达终边段统一匹配模式；27-始边段至终边段统一匹配模式；28-可变中间段节点匹配模式；29-始边段至中间段节点匹配模式；30-中间段至终边段节点匹配模式；31-始边段直达终边段节点匹配模式；32-三层路段模式；33-侯车竖梯；34-单独公交侯车站位；35-双能公交侯车站位；36-公交车停车站位；37-直通线；38-上跨线；39-地面；40-地高；41-地面慢速路网；42-地面快速路网；43-一层地高高速路网；44-二层地高高速路网；45-地下三层；46-地下一层；47-地下 二层；48-公共层；49-各类管网；50-静态交通；51-东西斑马竖梯；52-南北斑马竖梯；53-丁字换向立交；54-直线；55-垂线；56-直线分离点；57-直线切入点；58-直线换向左匝；59-垂线分离点；60-垂线切入点；61-垂线换向左匝；62-混道；63-立交公交站；64-路段公交站；65-单停靠线；66-换乘竖梯；67-斑马站位；68-直线右匝；69-垂线右匝；70-直线公交站；71-垂线公交站；73-地面公交站；74-双宽道换向立交；75-宽窄道换向立交；76-宽混道换向立交；77-双窄道换向立交；78-窄混道换向立交；79-双混道换向立交；80-两层地高；82-换向左匝；83-宽道；84-窄道；85-右匝；86-变坡点；87-坡道；88-单行道分离点；89-单行道切入点；90-单行道换向左匝；91-双行道分离点；92-双行道切入点；93-双行道换向左匝；94-双坡式换向平交；95-单向回头匝道；96-双向回头匝道；97-丁字斑马平交；98-快速回头匝道；99-直通右匝；100-上跨右匝；101-上跨立交；102-直通分离点；103-直通切入点；104-直通换向左匝；105-上跨分离点；106-上跨切入点；107-上跨换向左匝；108-双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交；10-上跨换向立交；111-单行道；112-双行道；113-单行右匝；114-双行右匝；115-单行竖梯；116-双行竖梯；117-单行道公交站；118-双行道公交站。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。
附图：图1—图41
图1、图2、图3：丁字换向立交53由直线54、垂线55、直线换向左匝58、垂线换向左匝61、直线右匝68和垂线右匝69组成；
直线换向左匝58和垂线换向左匝61仅用于非公交10；
直线换向左匝58由直线分离点56至直线切入点57；
垂线换向左匝61由垂线分离点59至垂线切入点60。
图4：地面39、地高40直通公交5动态分段统一公交匹配法有可变中间段统一匹配模式23；始边段至中间段统一匹配模式24；中间段至终边段统一匹配模式25；始边段直达终边段统一匹配模式26和始边段至终边段统一匹配模式27五种。
图5：地面39、地高40直通公交5动态分段节点公交匹配法有可变中间段节点匹配模式28；始边段至中间段节点匹配模式29；中间段至终边段节点匹配模式30和始边段直达终边段节点匹配模式31四种。
图6、图7、图8、图9：斑马平交14与双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交108和双宽道换向立交74两种叠加公交线路换乘表示形式不一，并无实质差异，前者为 双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交108，立交不仅表示了公交换乘线路，还明确了换向立交15；后者双宽道换向立交74仅表示了公交换乘线路，没有明确换向立交15的形式，其目的是使双宽道换向立交74的公交换乘线路有清晰的表示。实际上，双宽道、宽窄道、宽混道、双窄道、窄混道、双混道的换向立交15可任意选用，不拘一格。另外，便于公交优化，换向立交15的左匝可设置于公交9与非公交10中间。
双宽道双道单坡换向左右全独立上跨换向立交108由直通换向左匝104和上跨换向左匝107组成。直通换向左匝104由直通分离点102至直通切入点103。上跨换向左匝107由上跨分离点105至上跨切入点106。
双宽道换向立交74是指换向立交15上层、下层均为宽道83，其立交称为双宽道换向立交74。
双宽道换向立交74公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、节点斑马平交14、双宽道换向立交74上层双能公交侯车站位35和双宽道换向立交74下层双能公交侯车站位35组成；
双道单坡换向左右匝全独立换向立交由直通换向左匝104和上跨换向左匝107组成。直通换向左匝104由直通分离点102至直通切入点103。上跨换向左匝107由上跨分离点105至上跨切入点106。
上层公交换乘线路是从东西斑马竖梯51，进入上层双能公交侯车站位35，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从上层南北斑马竖梯52，经侯车竖梯33，进入下层双能公交侯车站位35，实现下层公交乘车；
图10、图11、图12：宽窄道换向立交75是指换向立交15上层为宽道83，下层为窄道84，其立交称为宽窄道换向立交75。
宽窄道换向立交75公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、东西斑马竖梯51南北斑马竖梯52、宽窄道换向立交75上层单独公交侯车站位34和双能公交侯车站位35、以及宽窄道换向立交75下层立交公交站63组成；
上层公交换乘线路是从东西斑马竖梯51，进入上层双能公交侯车站位35，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，然后经侯车竖梯33进入下层立交公交站63，实现下层公交乘车；
图13、图14、图15：宽混道换向立交76是指换向立交15上层为宽道83，下层为混道62，其立交称为宽混道换向立交76。
宽混道换向立交76公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、东西斑马竖梯51、南北斑马竖梯52、宽混道换向立交76上层单独公交侯车站位34和双能公交侯车站位35、以及宽混道换向立交76下层立交公交站63组成；
上层公交换乘线路是从东西斑马竖梯51，进入上层双能公交侯车站位35，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，然后经侯车竖梯33进入下层立交公交站63，实现下层公交乘车；
图16、图17、图18：双窄道换向立交77是指换向立交15上层、下层均为窄道84，其立交称为双窄道换向立交77。
双窄道换向立交77公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、南北斑马竖梯52、侯车竖梯33、换乘竖梯66、上层单独公交侯车站位34和上层、下层立交公交站63组成；
上层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，经侯车竖梯33，进入双窄道换向立交77下层，然后经换乘竖梯66返回上层，进入双窄道换向立交77立交公交站63，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，进入单独公交侯车站位34，经侯车竖梯33，进入下层立交公交站63，实现下层公交乘车。
双窄道换向立交77上层，可通过地面39建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位35，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双窄道换向立交77变为宽窄道换向立交75，宽窄道换向立交75已叙，不赘述；
图19、图20、图21：窄混道换向立交78是指换向立交15上层为窄道84，下层为混道62，其立交称为窄混道换向立交78。
窄混道换向立交78公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、南北斑马竖梯52、侯车竖梯33、换乘竖梯66、上层单独公交侯车站位34和上层、下层立交公交站63组成；
上层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，经侯车竖梯33，进入窄混道换向立交78下层，然后经换乘竖梯66返回上层，进入窄混道换向立交78立交公交站63，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，进入单独公交侯车站位34，经侯车竖梯33，进入下层立交公交站63，实现下层公交乘车；
窄混道换向立交78上层，可通过地面39建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位35，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，窄混道换向立交78变为宽混道换向立交76，宽混道换向立交76已叙，不赘述；
图22、图23、图24：双混道换向立交79是指换向立交15上层、下层均为混道62，其立交 称为双混道换向立交79。
双混道换向立交79公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、南北斑马竖梯52、侯车竖梯33、换乘竖梯66、上层单独公交侯车站位34和上层、下层立交公交站63组成；
上层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，经侯车竖梯33，进入双混道换向立交79下层，然后经换乘竖梯66返回上层，进入双混道换向立交79立交公交站63，实现上层公交乘车；
下层公交换乘线路是从南北斑马竖梯52，进入单独公交侯车站位34，经侯车竖梯33，进入下层立交公交站63，实现下层公交乘车；
双混道换向立交79上层，可通过地面39建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位35，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双混道换向立交79变为宽混道换向立交76，宽混道换向立交76已叙，不赘述；
应该指出，除双宽道换向立交74图上表示了换向立交15之外，其它宽窄道换向立交75、宽混道换向立交76、双窄道换向立交77、窄混道换向立交78和双混道换向立交79均未表示换向立交15，可按实际需要选用换向立交15。
图25、图26、图27：丁字换向立交53公交线路换乘法由换向左匝82、东西斑马竖梯51、丁字换向立交53、单独公交侯车站位34、直线公交站70和垂线公交站71组成；
直线公交换乘线路是从东西斑马竖梯51，进入上层单独公交侯车站位34，再经过换乘竖梯66，进入直线公交站70，实现直线公交乘车；
垂线公交换乘线路是从东西斑马竖梯51，进入上层单独公交侯车站位34，再通过换乘竖梯66，进入垂线公交站71，实现公交乘车；
图28、图29、图30、图31：斑马平交14、上跨换向立交109和换向平交1叠加公交换乘线路平面图，斑马平交14和上跨换向立交109不赘述，关键是换向平交1。换向平交1采用双坡式换向平交94。所谓双坡式换向平交94是指换向平交1设置于地下三层45，换向平交1的单行道111通过双行道112时，双行道112需要采用相向坡道，单行道111才能跨越双行道112，实现换向平交1，其平交称为双坡式换向平交94。
双坡式换向平交94设计有个前提，就是地下二层47的直通换向左匝104能保障双坡式换向平交94的双行道设计符合规范，两者相互不干扰。
上跨换向立交109设计是根据换向平交1设计，其设计有两个层面：一是线路:上跨换向立交109的直通换向左匝104、直通右匝99、上跨右匝100根据换向平交1的单行道换向左匝和双行道换向左匝93确定；二是竖梯:上跨换向立交109的换乘竖梯66是根据换向平交1的单行竖梯115和双行竖梯116设计。
上述换向立交15、换向平交1设计特点。东西斑马竖梯51、南北斑马竖梯52与地面公交站73设置方法有二：一、两者同一直线；二、两者非同一直线，根据节点16面积设计。东西斑马竖梯51、南北斑马竖梯52、侯车竖梯33、换乘竖梯66、单行竖梯115和双行竖梯116可根据设计设置，以方便乘客为度。
应该指出：双坡式换向平交94单独应用，特别适用于高速与多维交通路网无缝连接。当然，各种节点换向立交15亦可用于无缝连接。
图32、图33、图34、图35、图36、图37、图38：路网路段17公交线路换乘法有三：一、一层路段模式11公交线路；二、二层路段模式12公交线路；三、三层路段模式32公交线路。
一层路段模式11公交线路由东西斑马竖梯51进入一层地高18实现公交乘车。
二层路段模式12公交线路由东西斑马竖梯51进入公共层48，经换乘竖梯66进入一层地高18，实现公交乘车。
三层路段模式32公交线路由东西斑马竖梯51进入公共层48，经换乘竖梯66进入一层地高18，实现一层地高18公交乘车，再经换乘竖梯66进入二层地高19，实现二层地高19公交乘车。
公共层48由公交车停车站位36、各类管网49、静态交通50、商业设施8、地下人行过道4、东西班马竖梯51和换乘竖梯66组成。大江大河不设公共层48，即公共层48隔江单独设置。
图39：多维交通路网设置于道路轴线上。地面路网有地面快速路网42和地面慢速路网41两种，地面快速路网42采用换向立交15和斑马平交14，地面慢速路网41采用信号平交13；地面快速路段设置单向回头匝道95和双向回头匝道96，设置于地面快速路段的回头匝道称其为快速回头匝道98.地面路段交叉3是指地面快速路网42和地面慢速路网41交叉，形式有信号平交13、斑马平交14、上跨立交101加地上非机平台和换向立交15四种。
图40：一层地高高速路网43道路轴线为直通公交5，①○A节点16至⑦○F节点16为非直通公交6；
图41：二层地高高速路网采用换向平交1和二层地高路段2，应该重复的指出是：换向平交1采用双坡式换向平交94。
本发明优化公交多维交通路网按多维交通路网、优化公交和结语分别叙述。
一、多维交通路网
多维交通路网由地面快速路网和一层地高路网组成。
二、优化公交法
所谓优化公交法是指城市公共交通，通过各种技术、结构、组织等措施、办法、方法(法)，使其公交通行量最大、车速更快、换乘方便、公交车空车率最小，其优化公交法有四：一、路网公交网约法；二、地面、地高直通公交匹配法；三、公交车分散设置法；四、公交线路换乘法。
(一)路网公交网约法：
路网公交网约法有直通路网公交网约法和非直通路网公交网约法两种。
(二)地面、地高直通公交匹配法有二：一是地面、地高直通统一公交匹配法；二是地面、地高直通公交匹配法。
地面、地高直通统一公交匹配法有可变中间段统一匹配模式；始边段至中间段统一匹配模式；中间段至终边段的统一匹配模式；始边段直达终边段统一匹配模式和始边段至终边段统一匹配模式五种。
地面、地高直通节点公交匹配法有可变中间段节点匹配模式；始边段至中间段节点匹配模式；中间段至终边段节点匹配模式和始边段直达终边段节点匹配模式四种。
(三)公交车分散设置法；
公交车分散设置法有二：一、公共层公交车分散设置法；二、同层公交车分散设置法。
(四)公交线路换乘法；
公交线路换乘法有两个层面：一是线路；二是换乘。线路是指公交乘客乘车线路；换乘是指公交乘客线路换乘。线路有直通公交和非直通公交两种，在特大、大等城市，通过网约集约使其直通公交获得有效的、最佳的供需匹配。
多维交通路网为道路硬件。辅以智能软件填补现代交通工程学教科书的“空白”——智能交通。名正言顺开启了城市智能交通新纪元。
三、结语
中国有信心、有能力领导全球城市颠覆性的城市交通革命，实现本世纪为“汽车地下化世纪”、地下空间开发世纪，福祉人类社会。本发明的公共交通具有大容量、快速、准点、换乘方便、停车时间短、可达性好、公交车空车率小等，其特性远优于现有城市交通模式(以地铁为轴线)，为新能源汽车推广创造了有利条件；为智能交通提供了硬件保障；为开发约半个城市地面建筑面积的地下空间提供了技术支撑，实现全球城市可持续发展。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种优化公交多维交通路网，包括二个层面：一是多维交通路网；二是优化公交，其特征在于：所述多维交通路网是通过丁字换向立交(53)、双坡式换向平交(94)，以及无碍桥梁建立多维交通路网；优化公交是通过各种措施、办法、方法使其公交获得最佳优化。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述丁字换向立交(53)由直线(54)、垂线(55)、直线换向左匝(58)、垂线换向左匝(61)、直线右匝(68)和垂线右匝(69)组成；
    所述直线换向左匝(58)和垂线换向左匝(61)设置于直线(54)非公交(10)外侧；
    所述直线换向左匝(58)由直线分离点(56)至直线切入点(57)；
    所述垂线换向左匝(61)由垂线分离点(59)至垂线切入点(60)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述双坡式换向平交(94)的单行道(111)和双行道(112)均设置于同层，单行道(111)穿越双行道(112)，是通过双行道(112)设置相向坡道(87)形成“拱道”，实现单行道(111)穿越，其换向平交(1)称为双坡式换向平交(94)；
    所述双坡式换向平交(94)由单行道(111)、双行道(112)、单行道换向左匝(90)、双行道换向左匝(93)、单行右匝(113)和双行右匝(114)组成；
    所述单行道换向左匝(90)由单行道分离点(88)至单行道切入点(89)；
    所述双行道换向左匝(93)由双行道分离点(91)至双行道切入点(92)；
    所述双坡式换向平交(94)设置于地下一层(46)，使其地面高速与多维交通路网两者实现交通匹配，无缝连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述无碍桥梁是指地下高速路网通过河道，不损害桥梁结构，又能确保地下高速路网相连贯通，其桥梁称为无碍桥梁；所述无碍桥梁是利用桥梁两侧平面空间换取桥梁竖向空间；
    所述无碍桥梁，根据不同路段模式，有单侧模式和两侧模式两种；
    所述无碍桥梁单侧模式，地高(40)为一层地高(18)，无公共层(48),其公交车设置于同层，适用于一层路段模式(11)；
    所述无碍桥梁两侧模式有一层地高(18)和两层地高(80)两种；
    所述无碍桥梁两侧模式，地高(40)为一层地高(18)，两侧模式为公共层(48)和一层地高(18)各设一侧,适用于二层路段模式(12)；
    所述无碍桥梁两侧模式，地高(40)为两层地高(80)，两侧模式为公共层(48)、一层地高(18)和二层地高(19)各设一侧，适用于三层路段模式(32)；
    所述公共层(48)根据河流深浅不一，按设计需要设置设施。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述路网路段模式有三：一、一层路段模式(11)；二、二层路段模式(12)；三、三层路段模式(32)，供特大、大、中、小城市选用；
    所述一层路段模式(11)其一层地高(18)设置于地下一层(46)，公交车设置于一层地高(18)主线两侧或垂直独立公交车站位；
    所述二层路段模式(12)其公共层(48)设置于地下一层(46)，一层地高(18)设置于地下二层(47)；
    所述三层路段模式(32)其公共层(48)设置于地下一层(46)，一层地高(18)设置于地下二层(47)，二层地高(19)设置于地下三层(45)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述优化公交法有四：一、路网公交网约法；二、直通公交(5)匹配法；三、公交车分散设置法和四、公交线路换乘法。
  7. 根据权利要求1或6所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述路网公交网约法有直通公交(5)网约法和非直通公交(6)网约法两种；
    所述路网公交网约法的公交(9)设置于路网道路中间，非公交(10)设置于路网道路外面，换向左匝(82)设置于非公交(10)外侧，公交(9)具有直通公交(5)和非直通公交(6)两个层面；
    所述直通公交(5)网约法是通过网约集约实现直通公交(5)供需匹配，使其路网公交通行量、车速最大化，其网约法称为直通公交(5)网约法；
    所述非直通公交(6)网约法是通过换向左匝(82)和右匝(85)实现非直通公交(6)任意转向，非直通公交(6)能直接连接交通枢纽(公路、铁路、机场)和人居集中区，交通枢纽和人居集中区与路网有机的融合，其网约法称为非直通公交(6)网约法；
    所述直通公交(5)网约法和非直通公交(6)网约法两者相辅相成，各自发挥优势，实现路网公交最佳优化。
  8. 根据权利要求1或6所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述直通公交(5)匹配法有统一匹配法和节点匹配法两种：
    所述统一匹配法有可变中间段统一匹配模式(23)；始边段至中间段统一匹配模式(24)；中间段至终边段统一匹配模式(25)；始边段直达终边段统一匹配模式(26)和始边段至终边段统一匹配模式(27)五种；
    所述节点匹配法有可变中间段节点匹配模式(28)；始边段至中间段节点匹配模式(29)；中间段至终边段节点匹配模式(30)和始边段直达终边段节点匹配模式(31)四种。
  9. 根据权利要求1或6所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述公交车分散设置法有二：一是公共层(48)公交车分散设置法，二是同层公交车分散设置法；
    所述公共层(48)公交车分散设置法是将公交车设置于公共层(48)，通过层间进出匝，能及时地循环补充地面(39)、一层地高(18)、二层地高(19)所需的公交车，其设置法称为公共层(48)公交车分散设置法；
    所述公共层(48)公交车分散设置法适用于二层路段模式(12)和三层路段模式(32)；
    所述同层公交车分散设置法是将公交车设置于同层主线道路外侧或垂直独立公交车站位，通过层间进出匝，能及时地循环补充地面(39)、一层地高(18)所需的公交车，其设置法称为同层公交车分散设置法；
    所述同层公交车分散设置法适用于一层路段模式(11)。
  10. 根据权利要求1或6所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述公交线路换乘法有九：一、双宽道换向立交(74)公交线路换乘法；二、宽窄道换向立交(75)公交线路换乘法；三、宽混道换向立交(76)公交线路换乘法；四、双窄道换向立交(77)公交线路换乘法；五、窄混道换向立交(78)公交线路换乘法；六、双混道换向立交(79)公交线路换乘法；七、丁字换向立交(53)公交线路换乘法；八、双坡式换向平交(94)公交线路换乘法和九、路网路段(17)公交线路法。
  11. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述双宽道换向立交(74)公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交(14)和双宽道换向立交(74)叠加而成；所述双宽道换向立交(74)公交线路换乘法是由南北斑马竖梯(52)、换乘竖梯(66)，上层双能公交侯车站位(35)和下层双能公交侯车站位(35)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现。
  12. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述宽窄道换向立交(75)公交线路换乘法是通过双向斑马平交(14)和宽窄道换向立交(75)叠加而成；所述宽窄道换向立交(75)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、南北斑马竖梯(52)、换 乘竖梯(66)，双能公交侯车站位(35)、单独公交侯车站位(34)和立交公交站(63)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现。
  13. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述宽混道换向立交(76)公交线路换乘法是通过双向斑马平交(14)和宽混道换向立交(76)叠加而成；所述宽混道换向立交(76)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、南北斑马竖梯(52)、换乘竖梯(66)，双能公交侯车站位(35)、单独公交侯车站位(34)和立交公交站(63)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现。
  14. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述双窄道换向立交(77)公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交(14)和双窄道换向立交(77)叠加而成；
    所述双窄道换向立交(77)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、换乘竖梯(66)、单独公交侯车站位(34)和立交公交站(63)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现；
    所述双窄道换向立交(77)上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位(35)，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双窄道换向立交(77)变为宽窄道换向立交(75)，宽窄道换向立交(75)已叙，不赘述。
  15. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述窄混道换向 立交(78)公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交(14)和窄混道换向立交(78)叠加而成；
    所述窄混道换向立交(78)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、换乘竖梯(66)、单独公交侯车站位(34)和立交公交站(63)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现；
    所述窄混道换向立交(78)上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位(35)，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，窄混道换向立交(78)变为宽混道换向立交(76)，宽混道换向立交(76)已叙，不赘述。
  16. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述双混道换向立交(79)公交线路换乘法是通过单向斑马平交(14)和双混道换向立交(79)叠加而成；
    所述双混道换向立交(79)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、换乘竖梯(66)、单独公交侯车站位(34)和立交公交站(63)组成；
    所述上层公交线路是从南北斑马竖梯(52)，进入上层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现上层公交乘车；
    所述下层公交线路是从双宽道换向立交(74)上层换乘竖梯(66)，进入下层双能公交侯车站位(35)，实现下层公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)实现；
    所述双混道换向立交(79)上层，可通过地上建筑拆除拓宽和地下结构托换拓宽，使立交上层变为双能公交侯车站位(35)，换言之，通过立交上层拓宽，双混道换向立交(79)变为宽混道换向立交(76)，宽混道换向立交(76)已叙，不赘述。
  17. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述丁字换向立交(53)公交线路换乘法是通过丁字斑马平交(97)和丁字换向立交(53)叠加而成；
    所述丁字换向立交(53)公交线路换乘法由东西斑马竖梯(51)、换乘竖梯(66)、单独公交侯车站位(34)、直线公交站(70)和垂线公交站(71)组成；
    所述直线公交线路是从东西斑马竖梯(51)，进入上层单独公交侯车站位(34)，再经过换乘竖梯(66)，进入直线公交站(70)，实现公交乘车；
    所述垂线公交线路是从东西斑马竖梯(51)，进入上层单独公交侯车站位(34)，再通过换乘 竖梯(66)，进入垂线公交站(71)，实现公交乘车；
    所述公交换乘是通过换乘竖梯(66)，于单独公交侯车站位(34)实现。
  18. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述双坡式换向平交(94)公交线路换乘法，是将换向平交(1)的双行道(112)设置于上跨换向立交(109)上跨线(38)下面，换向平交(1)双行道换向左匝(93)需设置于上跨换向立交(109)上跨线(38)内，确保上跨换向立交(109)与换向平交(1)互不干扰；
    所述换向平交(1)双行道(112)公交换乘线路是通过双行竖梯(116)直接经上跨换向立交(109)换乘竖梯(66)，再由南北斑马经竖梯(51)出地面(39)；
    所述换向平交(1)单行道(111)公交换乘线路是通过单行竖梯(115)直接经上跨换向立交(109)换乘竖梯(66)，再由南北斑马经竖梯(51)出地面(39)；
    所述换向平交(1)公交换乘是通过各种竖梯实现。
  19. 根据权利要求1或6或10所述优化公交多维交通路网，其特征在于：所述路网路段(17)公交线路换乘法有：一、一层路段模式(11)公交线路换乘法；二、二层路段模式(12)公交线路；三、三层路段模式(32)公交线路换乘法；
    所述一层路段模式(11)公交线路换乘法：一层地高(18)设置于地下一层(46)，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯(51)进入一层地高(18)，实现公交乘车；
    所述二层路段模式(12)公交线路换乘法：一层地高(18)设置于地下二层(47)，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯(51)进入公共层(48)，经换乘竖梯(66)进入一层地高(18)，实现公交乘车；
    所述三层路段模式(32)公交线路换乘法：一层地高(18)设置于地下二层(47)，二层地高(19)设置于地下三层(45)，公交线路由东西斑马竖梯(51)进入公共层(48)，经换乘竖梯(66)进入一层地高(18)，实现一层地高(18)公交乘车，再经换乘竖梯(66)进入二层地高(19)，实现二层地高(19)公交乘车；
    所述公共层(48)由公交车停车站位(36)、各类管网(49)、静态交通(50)、商业设施(8)、地下人行过道(4)、东西斑马竖梯(51)、换乘竖梯(66)构成。
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