WO2017071630A1 - 一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车 - Google Patents

一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017071630A1
WO2017071630A1 PCT/CN2016/103704 CN2016103704W WO2017071630A1 WO 2017071630 A1 WO2017071630 A1 WO 2017071630A1 CN 2016103704 W CN2016103704 W CN 2016103704W WO 2017071630 A1 WO2017071630 A1 WO 2017071630A1
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Prior art keywords
clutch
plate
shaft
hinge
leaf spring
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PCT/CN2016/103704
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林财颂
王湘民
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衡阳市纽世达贸易有限公司
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Application filed by 衡阳市纽世达贸易有限公司 filed Critical 衡阳市纽世达贸易有限公司
Publication of WO2017071630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017071630A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D12/00—Steering specially adapted for vehicles operating in tandem or having pivotally connected frames

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a transport vehicle, in particular to an articulated light agricultural dump truck.
  • the articulated dump truck is a dump truck with a hinge point and a swing ring between the cab and the car body. It originated in Europe in the 20th century and is an engineering car suitable for working under severe weather and space-limited working conditions. The articulated dump truck is widely used in all kinds of mines, construction sites and special industries with poor working conditions due to its unique frame design and full drive mode, showing excellent maneuverability and passability.
  • the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle has the following problems during its use:
  • the front and rear beams are much narrower than the rigid beam transporter's girders, resulting in the balance of the car body not meeting the requirements; in order to solve this problem, most of the existing transport vehicles use the rear axle. In the form of twin tires, but the front axle still uses a single tire, still can not meet the balance performance requirements of the car body.
  • the scene of the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle is more complicated and variable. If the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle adopts a front axle with only a single tire, not only the balance cannot be satisfied, but also the damage to the pavement of the special place;
  • the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle adopts the front and rear beam structure. Compared with the rigid car, the front and rear wheels are not on one axis during driving, which causes the spring steel plate on the suspension to irresistibly generate horizontal displacement. , causing horizontal displacement of the front and rear axles, thereby damaging the ten-byte head of the drive shaft and the axle joint of the axle bridge;
  • the difference between the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle and the ordinary agricultural transport vehicle is that it adopts the front and rear beam structure, and it is necessary to rely on the front beam to pull the rear beam to realize the rotation of the whole vehicle.
  • the connection and steering function between the front and rear beams needs to be done by means of an articulated body.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a hinged twin tire to ensure stability, a stable and reliable clutch, a reliable hinge assembly, and a stable and reliable hinge of the spring steel plate on the suspension.
  • an articulated light agricultural dump truck including a front beam, a rear beam, an articulated body assembly, a front axle, a clutch, a front suspension, a rear suspension, a leaf spring assembly, an engine, and a shifting
  • the front beam is located in front of the rear beam, the front beam is connected to the rear beam through the hinge body assembly;
  • the clutch is located in the flywheel housing between the engine and the gearbox;
  • the front suspension is mounted on the front beam, and the rear suspension is mounted on the rear beam;
  • Leaf spring assemblies are mounted on both the front suspension and the rear suspension;
  • the hinge assembly includes an articulated steering plate, a dovetail plate, an inner square plate, a gland, a steering pin shaft, a left steering cylinder, a right steering cylinder, a bushing, and a center Positioning shaft; one end of the dovetail plate is mounted on the tail of the front beam, and the other end is mounted on the hinged steering plate through the steering pin shaft; the end of the steering pin shaft is mounted with a gland
  • a bearing seat is mounted on the outer side of the sleeve, and a bearing is mounted between the bearing seat and the central positioning shaft; the end of the bearing seat is connected with the hinged steering plate.
  • the hinged steering plate comprises a square plate, a steering cylinder mounting plate and a triangular plate; wherein: a square seat is provided with a shaft seat in the middle thereof, and a shaft hole is opened in a center of the shaft seat, and the sleeve is installed in the shaft hole; Two triangular plates are symmetrically mounted on the front and rear sides, and two steering cylinder mounting plates are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the axle seat.
  • the steering cylinder mounting plate is longitudinally mounted on the square plate; a left steering cylinder is installed between the two steering cylinder mounting plates on the left side of the axle seat; and a right steering is installed between the two steering cylinder mounting plates on the right side of the axle seat a hydraulic cylinder; a first hole is formed in the steering cylinder mounting plate, the first hole is used for installing the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder; the two steering cylinders are mounted on the steering cylinder mounting plate through the positioning pin; the triangular plate is longitudinally mounted on the square plate; a dovetail plate is disposed between two adjacent triangular plates on the upper and lower sides of the shaft seat; a second hole for mounting the steering pin shaft is opened on the triangular plate; a threaded hole for mounting the gland is opened on the outer side of the second hole; The number is 3-8, and the threaded holes are circumferentially distributed.
  • the front axle comprises a front axle, a tie rod assembly, a hub, an inner tire and an outer tire; the tie rod assembly is mounted on the front axle; the left and right ends of the front axle are respectively symmetrically mounted with a hub; the inner side of the hub An inner tire is mounted, and an outer tire is mounted on the outer side of the hub.
  • the front axle is designed as the rear axle shape of an ordinary car, which can ensure the stability of the whole vehicle.
  • the clutch includes a clutch pedal, an articulated lever, a friction disc, a clutch cover, a pressure plate, a flywheel, and a clutch shaft, wherein: the clutch shaft passes through a center of the clutch cover, the front portion is mounted inside the clutch cover, and the rear portion is located at the clutch cover
  • the clutch pedal is connected to the rear portion of the clutch shaft through an articulated rod; the friction disc is mounted on the left side of the front portion of the clutch shaft; the pressure plate is mounted in the middle of the front portion of the clutch shaft; the flywheel is mounted on the left side of the clutch cover; the pressure plate is
  • a return spring is installed between the clutch cover, and the return spring is symmetrically mounted on the upper and lower sides of the clutch shaft; no less than two return springs are mounted on the upper and lower sides of the clutch shaft.
  • the leaf spring assembly comprises a leaf spring, a fixed sleeve, an inner baffle and an outer baffle; the fixed sleeve encloses the leaf spring, and an inner block is installed between two adjacent fixed sleeves at the center of the leaf spring
  • the plate and the outer baffle are mounted on the inner side of the leaf spring, and the outer baffle is mounted on the outer side of the leaf spring.
  • the principle and the use method of the hinge body assembly of the utility model when the articulated light agricultural dump truck is turned, the hydraulic steering machine is rotated to adjust the pressure of the liquid in the steering cylinder to make one steering cylinder extend, and the other
  • the steering cylinder is shortened (if the vehicle rotates to the right, the hydraulic steering machine rotates, the left steering cylinder is extended, and the right steering cylinder is shortened); at this time, under the action of the steering cylinder, the hinged steering plate is controlled to drive the rotating pin.
  • the shaft rotates, which in turn drives the front beam to rotate, so as to realize the turning of the whole vehicle.
  • the rear beam is dragged forward; the whole steering process is completed.
  • the utility model has the following characteristics:
  • the front axle twin tires are used to ensure the stability; the utility model separately installs an inner hub and an outer hub symmetrically on the left and right ends of the front axle, on the one hand, the two tires effectively share the articulated light agricultural dumping
  • the stress on the front beam of the transport vehicle compensates for the lack of stability caused by the narrow front beam; on the other hand, the gravity of the front part of the articulated light agricultural dump truck can be shared between the inner tire and the outer tire.
  • the stress on the road surface of the vehicle is dispersed, thereby reducing the pressure of the vehicle on the road surface and preventing the road surface from being damaged;
  • the clutch is stable and reliable; the utility model can effectively reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration by providing a plurality of return springs on the clutch, and distribute the stress to each return spring, which not only improves the reliability, but also prolongs the return position. The service life of the spring. Therefore, the utility model has good reliability and can solve the problem that the return spring of the existing agricultural transport vehicle is prone to fatigue fracture;
  • the hinge body assembly of the utility model connects the front beam of the vehicle through the dovetail plate, and connects the rear beam through the central positioning shaft; in use, the square plate is equipped with two hydraulic steering cylinders, which control the hydraulic steering cylinder, one into the oil and the other The oil is discharged, and the function of the hinged steering can be effectively realized by the action of the hinge assembly, and the hinged steering is ensured to be reliable and stable;
  • the spring steel plate on the suspension is stable and reliable; the utility model is equipped with an inner baffle and an outer gear between two adjacent fixed sleeves at the center of the leaf spring, when the light articulated self-unloading agricultural transport vehicle is in the running process
  • the inner baffle and the outer baffle can fix the leaf spring to prevent the horizontal displacement of the leaf spring, thereby ensuring the safety of the whole vehicle. Sex and reliability.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 - is a top view of the utility model after removing the load box
  • Figure 3 - is a schematic view of the hinge body assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 - is a front view of the articulated steering plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 - is a top view of the hinged steering plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 - is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the center positioning shaft of the hinge assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 - is a schematic view of the front axle of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 - is a schematic view of the clutch of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 - is a front view of the spring steel plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 - is a top view of the spring steel plate of the present invention.
  • an articulated light agricultural dump truck includes a front beam 1, a rear beam 2, a hinge assembly 3, a front axle 4, a clutch 5, a front suspension 6, a rear suspension 7, and a leaf spring.
  • Assembly 8, engine 9, gearbox 10; engine 9 and gearbox 10 are not shown.
  • the front beam 1 is located in front of the rear beam 2, the front beam 1 is connected to the rear beam 2 via the hinge body assembly 3; the clutch 5 is located in the flywheel housing between the engine 9 and the gearbox 10; the front suspension 1 is mounted with a front suspension 6
  • a rear suspension 7 is mounted on the rear beam 2; a leaf spring assembly 8 is mounted on both the front suspension 6 and the rear suspension 7.
  • the hinge assembly 3 includes an articulated steering plate 31, a dovetail plate 32, an inner square plate 33, a gland 34, a steering pin shaft 35, a left steering cylinder 36, a right steering cylinder 37, a bushing 38, a central positioning shaft 39, and a dovetail plate.
  • One end of the 32 is mounted on the tail of the front beam 1, and the other end is mounted on the hinged steering plate 31 via the steering pin 35; the end of the steering pin 35 is fitted with a gland 34; the inner square plate 33 is vertically mounted on the end of the front beam 1 The inner side; one end of the left steering cylinder 36 and the right steering cylinder 37 is mounted on the hinged steering plate 31, and the other end is mounted on the inner square plate 33; the sleeve 38 is mounted at the center of the hinged steering plate 31; one end of the central positioning shaft 39 It is mounted in the sleeve 38 and the other end is connected to the rear beam 2.
  • the hinged steering plate 31 includes a square plate 311, a steering cylinder mounting plate 312, and a triangular plate 313.
  • the middle portion of the square plate 311 is provided with a shaft seat 3111.
  • the center of the shaft seat 3111 is provided with a shaft hole 3112.
  • the sleeve 38 is mounted on the shaft hole 3112.
  • the front and rear sides of the shaft seat 3111 are symmetrically mounted with two triangular plates 313, and the left and right sides of the shaft seat 3111 are symmetrically mounted.
  • Two steering cylinder mounting plates 312 are mounted; a central positioning shaft 39 is mounted in the sleeve 38.
  • the steering cylinder mounting plate 312 is longitudinally mounted on the square plate 311; the left steering cylinder 36 is mounted between the two steering cylinder mounting plates 312 on the left side of the shaft seat 3111; and the two steering cylinder mounting plates 312 are mounted between the right side of the shaft seat 3111. Turn right to the cylinder 37.
  • a first hole 3121 is defined in the steering cylinder mounting plate 312.
  • the triangular plate 313 is longitudinally mounted on the square plate 311; a dovetail plate 32 is mounted between adjacent two triangular plates 313 on the upper and lower sides of the shaft seat 3111.
  • a second hole 3131 for mounting the steering pin 35 is opened on the triangular plate 313; a screw hole 3132 for mounting the gland 34 is opened on the outer side of the second hole 3131; the number of the screw holes 3132 is six, and the screw holes 3132 are circumferentially distributed. .
  • a bearing housing 3010 is mounted on the outer side of the sleeve 38.
  • a bearing 3011 is mounted between the bearing housing 3010 and the center positioning shaft 39. The end of the bearing housing 3010 is coupled to the hinged steering plate 31.
  • the front axle 4 includes a front axle 41, a tie rod assembly 42, a hub 43, an inner tire 44 and an outer tire 45; the tie rod assembly 42 is mounted on the front axle 41; the left and right ends of the front axle 41 are symmetrically mounted with a hub 43; an inner tire 44 is attached to the inner side of the hub 43, and an outer tire 45 is attached to the outer side of the hub 43.
  • the clutch 5 includes a clutch pedal 51, a hinge lever 52, a friction disc 53, a clutch cover 54, a pressure plate 55, a flywheel 56, and a clutch shaft 57, wherein the clutch shaft 57 passes through the center of the clutch cover 54, and the front portion is mounted inside the clutch cover 54.
  • the rear portion is located outside the clutch cover 54; the clutch pedal 51 is coupled to the rear portion of the clutch shaft 57 via the hinge lever 52; the friction disc 53 is mounted to the left side of the front portion of the clutch shaft 57; and the pressure plate 55 is mounted to the front portion of the clutch shaft 57.
  • the flywheel 56 is mounted to the left of the clutch cover 54; a return spring 58 is mounted between the pressure plate 55 and the interior of the clutch cover 54, and the return spring 58 is symmetrically mounted on the upper and lower sides of the clutch shaft 57; There are not less than two return springs 58 mounted on the upper and lower sides.
  • the leaf spring assembly 8 includes a leaf spring 81, a fixed sleeve 82, an inner baffle 83, and an outer baffle 84.
  • the fixed sleeve 82 encloses the leaf spring 81 between the two adjacent fixed sleeves 82 at the center of the leaf spring 81
  • An inner baffle 83 and an outer baffle 84 are attached, the inner baffle 83 is attached to the inner side of the leaf spring 81, and the outer baffle 84 is attached to the outer side of the leaf spring 81.

Abstract

一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，包括前梁（1）、后梁（2）、铰接体总成（3）、前桥（4）、离合器（5）、前悬架（6）、后悬架（7）、钢板弹簧组件（8）、发动机（9）、变速箱（10）；前梁（1）位于后梁（2）的前方，前梁（1）通过铰接体总成（3）与后梁（2）连接；离合器（5）位于发动机（9）和变速箱（10）之间的飞轮壳内；前梁（1）上安装有前悬架（6），后梁（2）上安装有后悬架（7）；前悬架（6）和后悬架（7）上均安装有钢板弹簧组件（8）；铰接体总成（3）包括铰接转向板（31）、燕尾板（32）、内方形板（33）、压盖（34）、转向销轴（35）、左转向油缸（36）、右转向油缸（37）、轴套（38）、中心定位轴（39）；燕尾板（32）的一端安装在前梁（1）的尾部，另一端通过转向销轴（35）安装在铰接转向板（31）上；转向销轴（35）的端部安装有压盖（34）；内方形板（33）垂直装在前梁（1）末端内侧；左转向油缸（36）和右转向油缸（37）的一端安装在铰接转向板（31）上，另一端安装在内方形板（33）上；轴套（38）安装在铰接转向板（31）的中心位置；中心定位轴（39）的一端安装在轴套（38）内，另一端与后梁（2）连接。该铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车采用前桥双胎以保证稳定性、具有可靠的铰接总成、离合器及悬架上的弹簧钢板稳定可靠。

Description

一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种运输车，特别是一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车。
背景技术
铰接式自卸车是指驾驶室和车体间具有铰接点及摆动环的自卸车，它起源于20世纪的欧洲，是一种适宜在恶劣天气及空间限制的工作条件下工作的工程汽车。铰接式自卸车以其独有的车架设计，全驱方式，显示出卓越的机动性和通过性，被广泛运用于作业条件恶劣的各类矿山、工地和特种行业。
目前，在民用运输车市场上，山区或丘陵地区由于道路狭窄，蜿延崎岖，普遍采用的还是由手扶拖拉机改装的运输车或由四轮拖拉机带拖斗的运输方式，其共同的缺点是爬坡能力低，用途单一，利用率低，转弯半径大，安全性能差，能耗高等。为了解决这些问题，出现了类似于铰接式自卸车的轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车。
轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车在使用过程中，存在以下问题：
1、由于必须要折腰转向，使得其前后梁较刚性大梁运输车的大梁要窄的多，导致车体的平衡性达不到要求；为了解决这一问题，现有的运输车大多采用后桥双胎的形式，但是前桥仍然采用单个轮胎，仍然无法满足车体对平衡性能的要求。轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车运用的场景更复杂多变，如果轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车采用只有单个轮胎的前桥，不仅平衡性无法满足，还会对特殊场所的路面造成破坏；
2、轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车采用的是前后梁结构，与刚性车相比，行驶时前后轮均不在一条轴线上，因而导致悬架上的弹簧钢板不可抗拒的产生水平方向上的位移，致使前后桥产生水平位移，进而损坏传动轴的十字节头和车桥牙包凸园接头；
3、轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车的工作环境十分恶劣，驾驶员需经常使用离合器，以获得理想车速，据现场测试，驾驶员使用离合器的动作比普通农用运输车驾驶员多3倍，从而导致离合器上的回位弹簧容易出现疲劳断裂，引起整机故障；
4、轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车与普通农用运输车不同的地方在于，其采用的是前后梁结构，需要依靠前梁拉动后梁实现整车的转动。前梁与后梁之间的连接及转向功能需要靠铰接体来完成。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是，为了克服现有技术的上述不足，提供一种采用前桥双胎以保证稳定性、离合器稳定可靠、具有可靠的铰接总成、悬架上的弹簧钢板稳定可靠的铰接式轻型 农用自卸运输车。
本实用新型的技术方案是：一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，包括前梁、后梁、铰接体总成、前桥、离合器、前悬架、后悬架、钢板弹簧组件、发动机、变速箱；前梁位于后梁的前方，前梁通过铰接体总成与后梁连接；离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内；前梁上安装有前悬架，后梁上安装有后悬架；前悬架和后悬架上均安装有钢板弹簧组件；铰接体总成包括铰接转向板、燕尾板、内方形板、压盖、转向销轴、左转向油缸、右转向油缸、轴套、中心定位轴；燕尾板的一端安装在前梁的尾部，另一端通过转向销轴安装在铰接转向板上；转向销轴的端部安装有压盖；内方形板垂直装在前梁末端内侧；左转向油缸和右转向油缸的一端安装在铰接转向板上，另一端安装在内方形板上；轴套安装在铰接转向板的中心位置；中心定位轴的一端安装在轴套内，另一端与后梁连接。
进一步地，所述轴套的外侧安装有轴承座，轴承座与中心定位轴之间安装有轴承；轴承座的端部与铰接转向板连接。
进一步地，所述铰接转向板包括方形板、转向缸安装板、三角板；其中：方形板的中间开设有轴座，轴座的中心开设有轴孔，轴套安装在轴孔中；轴座的前后两侧分别对称安装有两块三角板，轴座的左右两侧分别对称安装有两块转向缸安装板。
进一步地，所述转向缸安装板纵向安装在方形板上；轴座左侧两个转向缸安装板之间安装有左转向油缸；轴座右侧两个转向缸安装板之间安装有右转向油缸；转向缸安装板上开设有第一孔，第一孔用于安装左转向油缸和右转向油缸；两个转向油缸通过定位销安装在转向缸安装板上；三角板纵向安装在方形板上；轴座上下两侧的相邻两个三角板之间均安装有燕尾板；三角板上开设有用于安装转向销轴的第二孔；第二孔的外侧开设有用于安装压盖的螺纹孔；螺纹孔的数量为3～8个，螺纹孔呈圆周分布。
进一步地，所述前桥包括前轴、横拉杆总成、轮毂、内轮胎和外轮胎；横拉杆总成安装在前轴上；前轴的左右两端分别对称安装有一个轮毂；轮毂的内侧安装有内轮胎，轮毂的外侧安装有外轮胎。通过将轮毂上的钢圈设计为一反一正即可保证同一侧的内轮胎和外轮胎一起安装在同一个轮毂上。前桥设计为普通汽车的后桥形状，更能保证整车的稳定性。
进一步地，所述离合器包括离合器踏板、铰接杆、摩擦盘、离合器盖、压板、飞轮和离合器轴，其中：离合器轴穿过离合器盖的中心，前部分安装在离合器盖内部，后部分位于离合器盖的外部；离合器踏板通过铰接杆连接在离合器轴的后部分上；摩擦盘安装在离合器轴前部分的左侧；压板安装在离合器轴前部分的中间；飞轮安装在离合器盖的左方；压板与离合器盖内部之间安装有回位弹簧，回位弹簧对称安装在离合器轴的上下两侧；在离合器轴的上下两侧均安装有不少于2个的回位弹簧。
进一步地，所述钢板弹簧组件包括钢板弹簧、固定套管、内挡板、外挡板；固定套管包夹住钢板弹簧，钢板弹簧中心处相邻两个固定套管之间安装有内挡板和外挡板，内挡板安装在钢板弹簧的内侧，外挡板安装在钢板弹簧的外侧。
本实用新型中铰接体总成的原理和使用方法：在铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车进行转向时，通过液压方向机转动，调节转向油缸中液体的压力，使一个转向油缸伸长，另一个转向油缸缩短(如车辆在向右转动时，通过液压方向机转动，使左转向油缸伸长，右转向油缸缩短)；此时，在转向油缸的作用下，控制铰接转向板，带动转动销轴转动，进而带动前梁转动，实现整车的折腰转向；在车辆转弯前行时，在中心定位轴的带动下，拖动后梁前行；整个转向过程实施完毕。
本实用新型与现有技术相比具有如下特点：
1、采用前桥双胎以保证稳定性；本实用新型通过在前轴的左右两端分别对称安装一个内轮毂和一个外轮毂，一方面，使得两个轮胎有效地分担铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车中前梁所受的应力，从而弥补了前梁过窄所带来的平稳性不足的缺陷；另一方面，铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车前部分的重力可以分担到内轮胎和外轮胎上，使得整车对路面的应力得以分散，从而减轻了整车对路面的压强，防止路面被破坏；
2、离合器稳定可靠；本实用新型通过在离合器上设置多个回位弹簧，能有效地减少应力集中的现象，将应力均摊到各个回位弹簧上，不仅能提高可靠性，还能延长回位弹簧的使用寿命。因此本实用新型可靠性好，能够解决现有的农用运输车回位弹簧容易出现疲劳断裂的问题；
3、具有可靠的铰接总成；轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车因其特有的结构，需要一种新型的铰接体总成来实现对前梁和后梁的铰接，并完成整车的转向功能。本实用新型中的铰接体总成通过燕尾板连接整车前梁，通过中心定位轴连接后梁；在使用时，方形板上安装有两个液压转向油缸，操控液压转向油缸，一个进油另一个出油，再通过铰接体总成的作用，可以有效地实现铰接转向的作用，并保证铰接转向可靠和稳定；
4、悬架上的弹簧钢板稳定可靠；本实用新型在钢板弹簧中心处相邻两个固定套管之间安装有内挡板和外挡，当轻型铰接式自卸农用运输车在行驶过程中因前后轮不在同一直线上而给钢板弹簧一个水平方向上的作用力时，内挡板和外挡板能将钢板弹簧固定住，防止钢板弹簧产生水平方向的位移，进而保证了整车的安全性和可靠性。
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型的详细结构作进一步描述。
附图说明
图1—为本实用新型的结构示意图；
图2—为本实用新型去掉载物箱后的俯视图；
图3—为本实用新型的铰接体总成示意图；
图4—为本实用新型的铰接转向板主视图；
图5—为本实用新型的铰接转向板俯视图；
图6—为本实用新型中的铰接体总成的中心定位轴装配剖视图；
图7—为本实用新型的前桥示意图；
图8—为本实用新型的离合器示意图；
图9—为本实用新型的弹簧钢板主视图；
图10—为本实用新型的弹簧钢板俯视图。
图中：1—前梁，2—后梁，3—铰接体总成，4—前桥，5—离合器，6—前悬架，7—后悬架，8—弹簧钢板组件，9—发动机，10—变速箱，31—转向板，32—燕尾板，33—内方形板，34—压盖，35—转向销轴，36—左转向油缸，37—右转向油缸，38—轴套，39—中心定位轴，41—前轴，42—横拉杆总成，43—轮毂，44—内轮胎，45—外轮胎，51—离合器踏板，52—铰接杆，53—摩擦盘，54—离合器盖，55—压板，56—飞轮，57—离合器轴，81—钢板弹簧，82—固定套管，83—内挡板，84—外挡板，311—方形板，312—转向缸安装板，313—三角板，3010—轴承座，3011—轴承，3111—轴座，3112—轴孔，3121—第一孔，3131—第二孔，3132—螺纹孔。
具体实施方式
如附图所示，一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，包括前梁1、后梁2、铰接体总成3、前桥4、离合器5、前悬架6、后悬架7、钢板弹簧组件8、发动机9、变速箱10；发动机9和变速箱10未在图中示出。前梁1位于后梁2的前方，前梁1通过铰接体总成3与后梁2连接；离合器5位于发动机9和变速箱10之间的飞轮壳内；前梁1上安装有前悬架6，后梁2上安装有后悬架7；前悬架6和后悬架7上均安装有钢板弹簧组件8。
铰接体总成3包括铰接转向板31、燕尾板32、内方形板33、压盖34、转向销轴35、左转向油缸36、右转向油缸37、轴套38、中心定位轴39；燕尾板32的一端安装在前梁1的尾部，另一端通过转向销轴35安装在铰接转向板31上；转向销轴35的端部安装有压盖34；内方形板33垂直装在前梁1末端内侧；左转向油缸36和右转向油缸37的一端安装在铰接转向板31上，另一端安装在内方形板33上；轴套38安装在铰接转向板31的中心位置；中心定位轴39的一端安装在轴套38内，另一端与后梁2连接。
铰接转向板31包括方形板311、转向缸安装板312、三角板313；其中：方形板311的中间开设有轴座3111，轴座3111的中心开设有轴孔3112，轴套38安装在轴孔3112中；轴座3111的前后两侧分别对称安装有两块三角板313，轴座3111的左右两侧分别对称安装有 两块转向缸安装板312；轴套38中安装有中心定位轴39。转向缸安装板312纵向安装在方形板311上；轴座3111左侧两个转向缸安装板312之间安装有左转向油缸36；轴座3111右侧两个转向缸安装板312之间安装有右转向油缸37。转向缸安装板312上开设有第一孔3121。三角板313纵向安装在方形板311上；轴座3111上下两侧的相邻两个三角板313之间均安装有燕尾板32。三角板313上开设有用于安装转向销轴35的第二孔3131；第二孔3131的外侧开设有用于安装压盖34的螺纹孔3132；螺纹孔3132的数量为6个，螺纹孔3132呈圆周分布。轴套38的外侧安装有轴承座3010，轴承座3010与中心定位轴39之间安装有轴承3011；轴承座3010的端部与铰接转向板31连接。
前桥4包括前轴41、横拉杆总成42、轮毂43、内轮胎44和外轮胎45；横拉杆总成42安装在前轴41上；前轴41的左右两端分别对称安装有一个轮毂43；轮毂43的内侧安装有内轮胎44，轮毂43的外侧安装有外轮胎45。
离合器5包括离合器踏板51、铰接杆52、摩擦盘53、离合器盖54、压板55、飞轮56和离合器轴57，其中：离合器轴57穿过离合器盖54的中心，前部分安装在离合器盖54内部，后部分位于离合器盖54的外部；离合器踏板51通过铰接杆52连接在离合器轴57的后部分上；摩擦盘53安装在离合器轴57前部分的左侧；压板55安装在离合器轴57前部分的中间；飞轮56安装在离合器盖54的左方；压板55与离合器盖54内部之间安装有回位弹簧58，回位弹簧58对称安装在离合器轴57的上下两侧；在离合器轴57的上下两侧均安装有不少于2个的回位弹簧58。
钢板弹簧组件8包括钢板弹簧81、固定套管82、内挡板83、外挡板84；固定套管82包夹住钢板弹簧81，钢板弹簧81中心处相邻两个固定套管82之间安装有内挡板83和外挡板84，内挡板83安装在钢板弹簧81的内侧，外挡板84安装在钢板弹簧81的外侧。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本实用新型进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围。这样，倘若本实用新型的这些修改和变型属于本实用新型权利要求及其同等技术的范围之内，则本实用新型也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，包括前梁(1)、后梁(2)、铰接体总成(3)、前桥(4)、离合器(5)、前悬架(6)、后悬架(7)、钢板弹簧组件(8)、发动机(9)、变速箱(10)；前梁(1)位于后梁(2)的前方，前梁(1)通过铰接体总成(3)与后梁(2)连接；离合器(5)位于发动机(9)和变速箱(10)之间的飞轮壳内；前梁(1)上安装有前悬架(6)，后梁(2)上安装有后悬架(7)；前悬架(6)和后悬架(7)上均安装有钢板弹簧组件(8)；其特征在于：铰接体总成(3)包括铰接转向板(31)、燕尾板(32)、内方形板(33)、压盖(34)、转向销轴(35)、左转向油缸(36)、右转向油缸(37)、轴套(38)、中心定位轴(39)；燕尾板(32)的一端安装在前梁(1)的尾部，另一端通过转向销轴(35)安装在铰接转向板(31)上；转向销轴(35)的端部安装有压盖(34)；内方形板(33)垂直装在前梁(1)末端内侧；左转向油缸(36)和右转向油缸(37)的一端安装在铰接转向板(31)上，另一端安装在内方形板(33)上；轴套(38)安装在铰接转向板(31)的中心位置；中心定位轴(39)的一端安装在轴套(38)内，另一端与后梁(2)连接。
  2. 一种如权利要求1所述的铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，其特征在于：所述前桥(4)包括前轴(41)、横拉杆总成(42)、轮毂(43)、内轮胎(44)和外轮胎(45)；横拉杆总成(42)安装在前轴(41)上；前轴(41)的左右两端分别对称安装有一个轮毂(43)；轮毂(43)内侧安装有内轮胎(45)，轮毂(43)外侧安装有外轮胎(45)。
  3. 一种如权利要求1或2所述的铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，其特征在于：所述离合器(5)包括离合器踏板(51)、铰接杆(52)、摩擦盘(53)、离合器盖(54)、压板(55)、飞轮(56)和离合器轴(57)，其中：离合器轴(57)穿过离合器盖(54)的中心，前部分安装在离合器盖(54)内部，后部分位于离合器盖(54)的外部；离合器踏板(51)通过铰接杆(52)连接在离合器轴(57)的后部分上；摩擦盘(53)安装在离合器轴(57)前部分的左侧；压板(55)安装在离合器轴(57)前部分的中间；飞轮(56)安装在离合器盖(54)的左方；压板(55)与离合器盖(54)内部之间安装有回位弹簧(58)，回位弹簧(58)对称安装在离合器轴(57)的上下两侧；在离合器轴(57)的上下两侧均安装有不少于2个的回位弹簧(58)。
  4. 一种如权利要求3所述的铰接式轻型农用自卸运输车，其特征在于：所述钢板弹簧组件(8)包括钢板弹簧(81)、固定套管(82)、内挡板(83)、外挡板(84)；固定套管(82)包夹住钢板弹簧(81)，钢板弹簧(81)中心处相邻两个固定套管(82)之间安装有内挡板(83)和外挡板(84)，内挡板(83)安装在钢板弹簧(81)的内侧，外挡板(84)安装在钢板弹簧(81)的外侧。
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