WO2017006807A1 - 遮炎性不織布 - Google Patents
遮炎性不織布 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017006807A1 WO2017006807A1 PCT/JP2016/069122 JP2016069122W WO2017006807A1 WO 2017006807 A1 WO2017006807 A1 WO 2017006807A1 JP 2016069122 W JP2016069122 W JP 2016069122W WO 2017006807 A1 WO2017006807 A1 WO 2017006807A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- flame
- nonwoven fabric
- thermoplastic
- flameproof
- Prior art date
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 poly (alkylene terephthalate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 41
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 41
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- NQBKFULMFQMZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-bz-3-benzanthronylpyrazolanthron Chemical compound C12=CC=CC(C(=O)C=3C4=CC=CC=3)=C2C4=NN1C1=CC=C2C3=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C3=CC=C2 NQBKFULMFQMZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODPYDILFQYARBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC2=C1 ODPYDILFQYARBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
- D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
- D21H15/10—Composite fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/34—Ignifugeants
Definitions
- the present invention is effective for preventing the spread of fire and is suitable for use in wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials and the like that are required to be flame retardant. It is related with the nonwoven fabric excellent in flame-shielding property suitable for.
- non-woven fabrics made of synthetic fibers made of synthetic polymers such as polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, etc. have been used, but these usually do not have flame retardancy and are exclusively flame retardant. Processed and used.
- Patent Document 1 a fireproof heat insulating material made of ceramic fibers and an inorganic binder is known.
- Patent Document 2 the flame-retardant nonwoven fabric containing a thermoplastic material and a high elastic modulus fiber is also known.
- the polyester long fiber nonwoven fabric using the flame retardant component as a copolymer raw material in the polymer does not have a high flame retardant performance.
- the method of directly attaching the flame retardant component to the nonwoven fabric is the simplest method for imparting flame retardancy.
- a solid flame retardant is used as the flame retardant component, it is difficult to attach the flame retardant component.
- the flame retardant is easy to fall off and has an excellent flame retarding action, its durability is extremely inferior.
- a thermosetting resin or the like is used in combination.
- the inorganic binder has a high rigidity, if a large deformation such as a bending process is applied, a crack is generated, from which a flame enters, or the shape as a member cannot be maintained. To do.
- the flame retardant nonwoven fabric described in Patent Document 2 generally has a high thermal shrinkage rate of the high elastic modulus fiber, the high elastic modulus fiber shrinks when exposed to a flame and becomes high temperature, and is most heated. The nonwoven fabric located immediately above the flame where the flame becomes high is cracked, and finally a hole is formed.
- the present invention was made in view of the problems of such a conventional flame-retardant nonwoven fabric, and an object thereof is to provide a flame-retardant nonwoven fabric having excellent processability and high flame-shielding properties. And
- the present invention employs the following means.
- a flameproof nonwoven fabric comprising a thermoplastic fiber B having a value of 25 or more and a density of 200 kg / m 3 or more.
- thermoplastic fiber B is fused to the non-molten fiber A.
- non-melt fiber A is a flameproof fiber or a meta-aramid fiber.
- the thermoplastic fiber B is an anisotropic molten polyester, flame retardant poly (alkylene terephthalate), flame retardant poly (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), flame retardant polysulfone, poly (ether-ether-ketone), poly (Ether-ketone-ketone), polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyphenylsulfone, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, and a fiber made of a resin selected from the group consisting of any of (1) to (5) A flameproof nonwoven fabric according to claim 1. (7) The flameproof nonwoven fabric according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the thermoplastic fiber B has a glass transition point of 110 ° C. or lower.
- the flameproof nonwoven fabric of the present invention has excellent workability and high flameproofness by having the above-described configuration.
- the present inventor complies with JIS K 7201-2 (2007), a non-melt fiber A having a high temperature shrinkage of 3% or less and a product of Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area of the fiber of 2.0 N or less
- a flameproof non-woven fabric including a thermoplastic fiber B having a LOI value of 25 or more and a density of 200 kg / m 3 or more.
- the thermoplastic fibers melt, and the melted thermoplastic fibers spread in a thin film along the surface of the non-molten fibers (aggregates). If the temperature further rises, both fibers will eventually carbonize, but the high temperature shrinkage rate of the non-melted fiber is 3% or less. Can do.
- the high temperature shrinkage rate is preferably low, but even if it does not shrink, even if it expands greatly due to heat, the structure collapses and causes holes, so the high temperature shrinkage rate is preferably -5% or more. In particular, the high temperature shrinkage rate is preferably 0 to 2%.
- the product of the Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area of the non-molten fiber A is preferably 2.0 N or less. By setting it within this range, it is preferable because the bending workability is excellent, the fiber is not easily broken, and cracks are hardly generated. On the other hand, if the nonwoven fabric is too soft, problems such as process passability occur, so the product of the Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area of the unmelted fiber is preferably 0.05 N or more.
- the product of the Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area of the non-melt fiber A is more preferably 0.5 to 1.5N.
- the product of the Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area is a value calculated from the Young's modulus (N / m 2 ) and the cross-sectional area (m 2 ) according to the following formula.
- Product of Young's modulus and cross-sectional area (N) (Young's modulus (N / m 2 )) ⁇ (Cross-sectional area (m 2 ))
- the cross-sectional area of the non-molten fiber was calculated from the density of the non-melt fiber and the fineness of the non-melt fiber according to the following formula.
- Cross-sectional area of non-molten fiber (m 2 ) ⁇ (fineness of non-molten fiber (dtex)) / (density of non-molten fiber (kg / m 3 )) ⁇ ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7
- the density of the non-melted fiber was measured by a method based on ASTM D4018-11.
- the fineness (dtex) of the unmelted fiber is the mass (g) per 10,000 m.
- the Young's modulus of the non-melted fiber was calculated by a method based on ASTM D4018-11.
- Young's modulus has a dimension of N / m 2 and is synonymous with Pa.
- the following equation was used for the cross-sectional area of the non-melted fiber used for calculating the Young's modulus.
- Cross-sectional area of non-molten fiber (m 2 ) ⁇ (fineness of non-molten fiber (dtex)) / (density of non-molten fiber (kg / m 3 )) ⁇ ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7
- the density of the non-melted fiber was measured by a method based on ASTM D4018-11.
- the fineness (dtex) of the unmelted fiber is the mass (g) per 10,000 m.
- the LOI value is a volume percentage of the minimum oxygen amount necessary for sustaining the combustion of a substance in a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, and it can be said that the higher the LOI value, the more difficult it is to burn. Therefore, thermoplastic fibers with a LOI value of 25 or more in accordance with JIS K7201-2 (2007) are difficult to burn. Even if they are ignited, they are extinguished immediately when the fire source is released, and they are usually spread slightly. A carbonized film is formed, and this carbonized portion can prevent the spread of fire. A higher LOI value is preferable, but the upper limit of the LOI value of a substance that can be actually obtained is about 65.
- the density is 200 kg / m 3 or more, the structure of the thermoplastic fiber is dense, so that it is difficult to open a hole.
- the density is preferably 1200 kg / m 3 or less, more preferably 400 to 900 kg / m 3 in that it is liable to cause cracks if it is extremely densified.
- the non-molten fiber A refers to a fiber that maintains its fiber shape without being liquefied when exposed to a flame.
- the product of the above-mentioned high temperature shrinkage rate and Young's modulus and the fiber cross-sectional area is within the range specified in the present invention.
- Specific examples include, for example, flame-resistant fiber and meta-aramid system. Mention may be made of fibers.
- the flame-resistant fiber is a fiber subjected to flame resistance treatment using a fiber selected from acrylonitrile-based, pitch-based, cellulose-based, phenol-based fiber and the like as a raw material. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- flame-resistant fibers are preferred because of their low high temperature shrinkage rate, and among various flame-resistant fibers, acrylonitrile-based flame-resistant fibers are preferably used as fibers that have a small specific gravity and are flexible and excellent in flame retardancy.
- the fiber is obtained by heating and oxidizing acrylic fiber as a precursor in high-temperature air.
- examples of commercially available products include PYRON (registered trademark) made by Zoltek and flame retardant fiber PYRON (registered trademark) used in Examples and Comparative Examples described later, and Pyromex (Toho Tenax Co., Ltd.).
- meta-aramid fibers are high in high-temperature shrinkage and do not satisfy the high-temperature shrinkage specified in the present invention.
- the content of the molten fiber A is preferably 15 to 70% by weight, and more preferably 30 to 50% by weight.
- thermoplastic fiber B As the thermoplastic fiber B used in the present invention, the LOI value is within the range specified in the present invention. Specific examples include anisotropic molten polyester, flame retardant poly (alkylene terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate), and the like. ), Flame retardant poly (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), flame retardant polysulfone, poly (ether-ether-ketone), poly (ether-ketone-ketone), polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyphenyl Mention may be made of fibers composed of thermoplastic resins selected from the group of sulfones, polyetherimides, polyamideimides and mixtures thereof.
- thermoplastic fiber B of 110 ° C. or lower is preferable because a binder effect can be obtained at a relatively low temperature, so that the apparent density increases and the strength increases.
- polyphenylene sulfide fiber hereinafter also referred to as PPS fiber
- PPS fiber polyphenylene sulfide fiber
- the PPS fiber preferably used in the present invention is a synthetic fiber made of a polymer having a polymer structural unit as a main structural unit of — (C 6 H 4 —S) —.
- Typical examples of these PPS polymers include polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene sulfide sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide ketone, random copolymers thereof, block copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
- polyphenylene sulfide containing a p-phenylene unit represented by — (C 6 H 4 —S) —, preferably 90 mol% or more, as the main structural unit of the polymer is desirable.
- the PPS fibers preferably used in the present invention are preferably used in the papermaking method as described later, and the fiber length in that case is preferably in the range of 2 to 38 mm, and preferably in the range of 2 to 10 mm. More preferred. If the fiber length is in the range of 2 to 38 mm, it can be uniformly dispersed in the stock solution for papermaking, and has the tensile strength necessary to pass through the drying process in a wet state (wet paper) immediately after papermaking.
- the thickness of the PPS fiber is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 dtex because the fiber can be uniformly dispersed without agglomerating in the stock solution for papermaking.
- the method for producing the PPS fiber used in the present invention is preferably a method in which a polymer having the above-described phenylene sulfide structural unit is melted at a melting point or higher and spun from a spinneret to form a fiber.
- the spun fiber is an unstretched PPS fiber as it is.
- Most of the unstretched PPS fibers have an amorphous structure, and can act as a binder for bonding the fibers by applying heat.
- stretched yarns are commercially available in which the fiber is stretched and oriented following spinning to improve the strength and dimensional stability of the fiber.
- a plurality of PPS fibers such as “Torcon” (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toray) and “Procon” (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toyobo) are in circulation.
- the undrawn PPS fiber and the drawn yarn in combination from the viewpoint of papermaking process passage.
- thermoplastic fiber B is fused with the non-melted fiber A
- thermoplastic fiber B is once melted, cooled, and then thermoplastic.
- the fiber B is integrated with the non-molten fiber A, and the thermoplastic fiber B is softened by a method such as applying heat exceeding the glass transition point of the thermoplastic fiber B, and then pressure is applied.
- the bonding of the thermoplastic fiber B and the non-molten fiber A is also included in the fusion bonding in the present invention. If the thermoplastic fiber B is fused or pressure-bonded with the non-molten fiber A, a binder effect can be obtained, which is preferable.
- Fiber C other than Non-melted Fiber A and Thermoplastic Fiber B Fibers C other than non-molten fibers A and thermoplastic fibers B may be included to further add specific performance to the nonwoven fabric.
- polyethylene terephthalate or vinylon fiber having a relatively low glass transition point or softening temperature may be used in order to increase the strength of the nonwoven fabric and improve process passability by applying an appropriate heat treatment before the thermocompression bonding process.
- vinylon is preferable because it is excellent in adhesiveness and flexibility.
- the content of the fiber C is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, but it is preferably 20% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less in terms of the amount in the flameproof nonwoven fabric.
- the basis weight and thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the density specified in the present invention is satisfied, and is appropriately selected depending on the required flame shielding performance. It is preferable that the density range is selected. That is, the basis weight is preferably 15 to 400 g / m 2 , and more preferably 20 to 200 g / m 2 . The thickness is preferably 20 to 1000 ⁇ m, and more preferably 35 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be either a dry method or a wet method, and as a fiber bonding method, any of a thermal bond method, a needle punch method, and a war jet punch method is applied. Further, the non-melted fiber may be made into a web and the thermoplastic fiber may be laminated by a spunbond method or a melt blow method. In order to uniformly and uniformly disperse the fibers, a wet method is preferable, and in order to increase the density of the nonwoven fabric, it is more preferable to apply a thermal bond method as a fiber bonding method.
- thermoplastic fiber is a fiber having a low crystallinity such as an undrawn yarn.
- unstretched PPS fibers are included in a part of the PPS fibers, and the unstretched PPS fibers strengthen the fusion to form a nonwoven fabric. It exists selectively on the nonwoven fabric surface.
- the ratio of stretched PPS fibers to unstretched PPS fibers in the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably 3: 1 to 1: 3, more preferably 1: 1.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. Cut non-melt fiber A, thermoplastic fiber B and fiber C, which is an optional component other than that, into a length of 2 to 10 mm, disperse it in water at an appropriate content, and spread it on a wire (paper network) Then, the water is dried and removed (the process so far is the papermaking method). Thereafter, a heating / pressurizing process is performed with a calendar device. When each fiber is dispersed in water, a dispersant or an antifoaming agent may be added as necessary to uniformly disperse the fibers.
- a paper machine and a dryer part attached to it can be used.
- the dryer part it is possible to use a process in which the wet paper rolled up by the paper machine in the previous process is transferred onto a belt, the water is squeezed between two belts, and dried on a rotating drum.
- the drying temperature of the rotating drum is preferably 90 to 120 ° C. This is because at this temperature, moisture can be removed efficiently, and crystallization of the amorphous component contained in the thermoplastic fiber B is suppressed, and sufficient fusion can be achieved by subsequent heating and pressurization with a calender device. This is because it occurs.
- the moisture is dried and removed, followed by heating and pressurizing with a calendar device.
- the calender device may be any one as long as it has two pairs of rolls and has heating and pressurizing means.
- Metal, paper, rubber or the like can be appropriately selected and used as the material of the roll.
- a roll of metal such as iron is preferably used in order to reduce fine fluff on the nonwoven fabric surface.
- Glass transition point The glass transition point was measured according to JIS K 7121 (2012).
- LOI value The LOI value was measured according to JIS K7201-2 (2007).
- the flame was ignited by a method according to A-1 method (45 ° micro burner method) of JIS L 1091 (Flame Product Flammability Test Method, 1999), and the flame shielding property was evaluated as follows. As shown in FIG. 1, a micro burner 1 having a flame length L of 45 mm is set up in a vertical direction, a test body 2 is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane, and a thickness th is set to the test body 2. Flameproofness was evaluated in a test in which the combustor 4 was placed through a 2 mm spacer 3 and burned.
- Undrawn yarn of PPS fiber As an unstretched PPS fiber, “Torucon” (registered trademark) manufactured by Toray with a single fiber fineness of 3.0 dtex (diameter: 17 ⁇ m) and a cut length of 6 mm, product number S111 was used. This PPS fiber has a LOI value of 34 and a glass transition point of 92 ° C.
- polyester fiber drawn yarn As the stretched polyester fiber, “TETORON” (registered trademark) manufactured by Toray with a single fiber fineness of 2.2 dtex (diameter: 14 ⁇ m), product number T9615 was cut into 6 mm and used. This polyester fiber has a LOI value of 22 and a glass transition point of 72 ° C.
- ⁇ Handmade paper machine A handmade paper machine (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a size of 30 cm ⁇ 30 cm and a height of 40 cm with a 140-mesh handmade papermaking net installed on the bottom was used.
- ⁇ Rotary dryer ⁇ A rotary drier (ROTARY DRYER DR-200 manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used for drying after handsheet papermaking.
- Heating and pressurization were performed using a hydraulic three-roll calendering machine (manufactured by Yuri Roll, model IH type H3RCM) composed of an iron roll and a paper roll.
- Example 1 A 1.7 dtex Zoltek-made flame-resistant fiber PYRON (registered trademark) is cut into 6 mm, and the flame-resistant fiber, an undrawn yarn of PPS fiber, and a drawn yarn of PPS fiber have a mass ratio of 4: 3: 3.
- PYRON registered trademark
- the high temperature shrinkage of PYRON was 1.6%, and the product of Young's modulus and fiber cross section was 0.98N. They were dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion.
- Wet paper was prepared from the dispersion using a handmade paper machine. The wet paper is heated and dried at 110 ° C.
- Nonwoven fabrics obtained in Example 1 and Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 which will be described later are used as test specimens in a combustion test for evaluating flame shielding properties.
- Example 2 A 1.7 dtex Zoltek-made flame-resistant fiber PYRON (registered trademark) is cut into 6 mm, and this flame-resistant fiber, an undrawn yarn of PPS fiber, and a drawn yarn of PPS fiber have a mass ratio of 2: 4: 4.
- PYRON registered trademark
- the high temperature shrinkage of PYRON was 1.6%, and the product of Young's modulus and fiber cross section was 0.98N. They were dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion.
- Wet paper was prepared from the dispersion using a handmade paper machine. The wet paper is heated and dried at 110 ° C.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained non-woven fabric had a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 and a thickness of 57 ⁇ m.
- the density calculated from these was 702 kg / m 3 , and it was dense and soft, but had sufficient elasticity.
- the carbonization area of the combustion body was larger than that of Example 1, and some residual dust was observed. It was found that even when the nonwoven fabric was bent at 90 ° or more, it was not broken, no perforation was generated, and it had excellent bending workability.
- Example 3 A 1.7 dtex Zoltek-made flame-resistant fiber PYRON (registered trademark) is cut into 6 mm, and the flame-resistant fiber, the unstretched yarn of the PPS fiber, and the drawn yarn of the PPS fiber have a mass ratio of 6: 2 to 2. Prepared as follows. The high temperature shrinkage of PYRON was 1.6%, and the product of Young's modulus and fiber cross section was 0.98N. They were dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion. Wet paper was prepared from the dispersion using a handmade paper machine. The wet paper is heated and dried at 110 ° C.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained non-woven fabric had a basis weight of 39 g / m 2 and a thickness of 136 ⁇ m, and the density calculated from these was 287 kg / m 3 , which was slightly soft, but was in a category that could be handled industrially.
- the combustion body did not ignite for 1 minute and had sufficient flame shielding performance, but the carbonized area of the combustion body was larger than that of Example 1. It was found that even when the nonwoven fabric was bent at 90 ° or more, it was not broken, no perforation was generated, and it had excellent bending workability.
- Example 4 A 1.7 dtex flame-resistant fiber PYRON (registered trademark) manufactured by Zoltek is cut into 6 mm, and the flame-resistant fiber, a stretched yarn of polyester fiber (fiber C), an unstretched yarn of PPS fiber, and a stretched yarn of PPS fiber are obtained.
- the mass ratio was 4: 1: 1: 2: 3.
- the high temperature shrinkage of PYRON was 1.6%, and the product of Young's modulus and fiber cross section was 0.98N. They were dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion.
- Wet paper was prepared from the dispersion using a handmade paper machine. The wet paper is heated and dried at 110 ° C.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained non-woven fabric had a basis weight of 39 g / m 2 and a thickness of 57 ⁇ m.
- the density calculated from these was 684 kg / m 3 , and it was dense and soft, but had sufficient elasticity.
- a flame was confirmed on the surface of the test specimen immediately after the burner was ignited, but immediately after self-digestion, the combustion body did not ignite for 1 minute and had sufficient flame insulation. Further, it was found that even when the nonwoven fabric was bent at 90 ° or more, it was not broken, no perforation was generated, and it had excellent bending workability.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained non-woven fabric had a basis weight of 38 g / m 2 and a thickness of 62 ⁇ m.
- the density calculated from these was 613 kg / m 3 , and it was dense and soft, but had sufficient elasticity.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 37 g / m 2 and a thickness of 61 ⁇ m, and the density calculated from these was 606 kg / m 3 , and it was dense and soft, but had sufficient elasticity.
- the specimen itself ignited in less than 1 second after the burner ignited, and it was not possible to have flame retardancy. It was found that even if the nonwoven fabric was bent at 90 ° or more, it was not broken, no perforation was generated, and it had excellent bending workability.
- a PAN-based carbon fiber having a single fiber diameter of 7 ⁇ m was cut into 6 mm, and this PAN-based carbon fiber, an undrawn yarn of PPS fiber, and a drawn yarn of PPS fiber were prepared so as to have a mass ratio of 4: 3: 3.
- the high temperature shrinkage of the carbon fiber was 0%, and the product of Young's modulus and fiber cross section was 9.04N. They were dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion.
- Wet paper was prepared from the dispersion using a handmade paper machine. The wet paper is heated and dried at 110 ° C.
- the nonwoven fabric was obtained by heating and pressurizing twice in total.
- the obtained nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 39 g / m 2 and a thickness of 95 ⁇ m, and the density calculated from these was 410 kg / m 3 .
- the burning body did not ignite for 1 minute and had sufficient flame shielding properties, but when this nonwoven fabric was bent 90 ° or more, the carbon fiber contained in the bent portion was broken and part In particular, perforation also occurred, handling was very bad, and bending or the like was impossible.
- Table 1 summarizes the results of evaluation of flame barrier properties and bending workability of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- the present invention is effective for preventing the spread of fire and is suitable for use in wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials and the like that require flame retardancy.
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Abstract
Description
さらに特許文献2に記載された難燃性不織布は、一般的に高弾性率繊維の熱収縮率が高いことから、炎にさらされ、高温となった際に高弾性率繊維が縮み、最も温度が高くなる炎直上部に位置する不織布が割れ、最終的に穴が開いてしまい、難燃性があっても炎を遮断する性能に欠ける。本発明は、このような従来の難燃性不織布の有する課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、優れた加工性と、高い遮炎性とを備えた遮炎性不織布を提供することを目的とする。
(1)高温収縮率が3%以下で、且つヤング率と当該繊維の断面積との積が2.0N以下である非溶融繊維Aと、JIS K 7201-2(2007年)に準拠するLOI値が25以上である熱可塑性繊維Bとを含み、密度が200kg/m3以上であることを特徴とする遮炎性不織布。
(2)前記非溶融繊維Aの含有率が15~70重量%である(1)に記載の遮炎性不織布。
(3)前記非溶融繊維Aおよび熱可塑性繊維B以外の繊維Cを20重量%以下含有する(1)または(2)に記載の遮炎性不織布。
(4)前記熱可塑性繊維Bが非溶融繊維Aと融着している(1)~(3)の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
(5)前記非溶融繊維Aが、耐炎化繊維またはメタアラミド系繊維である(1)~(4)の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
(6)前記熱可塑性繊維Bが、異方性溶融ポリエステル、難燃性ポリ(アルキレンテレフタレート)、難燃性ポリ(アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン)、難燃性ポリスルホン、ポリ(エーテル-エーテル-ケトン)、ポリ(エーテル-ケトン-ケトン)、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアリレート、ポリフェニルスルホン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミドイミドおよびこれらの混合物の群から選択される樹脂からなる繊維である(1)~(5)の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
(7)前記熱可塑性繊維Bのガラス転移点が110℃以下である(1)~(6)の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
本発明において高温収縮率とは、不織布の原料となる繊維を標準状態(20℃、相対湿度65%)中で12時間放置後、0.1cN/dtexの張力を与えて原長L0を測定し、その繊維に対して荷重を付加せずに290℃の乾熱雰囲気に30分間暴露し、標準状態(20℃、相対湿度65%)中で十分冷却したうえで、さらに繊維に対して0.1cN/dtexの張力を与えて長さL1を測定し、L0およびL1から以下の式で求められる数値である。
高温収縮率=〔(L0-L1)/L0〕×100(%)
非溶融繊維Aのヤング率と断面積との積が2.0N以下であることが好ましい。この範囲とすることで、曲げ加工性に優れており、繊維が折れにくく、亀裂が発生しにくいので好ましい。一方、不織布があまりに柔らかすぎると工程通過性等の問題が発生するので、非溶融繊維のヤング率と断面積との積は0.05N以上であることが好ましい。非溶融繊維Aのヤング率と断面積との積は、0.5~1.5Nであることがより好ましい。なお、上記ヤング率と断面積との積は、ヤング率(N/m2)と断面積(m2)から下記式により計算される値である。
ヤング率と断面積との積(N)=(ヤング率(N/m2))×(断面積(m2))
非溶融繊維の断面積(m2)={(非溶融繊維の繊度(dtex))/(非溶融繊維の密度(kg/m3))}×10-7
ここで、非溶融繊維の密度は、ASTM D4018-11に準拠する方法で測定した。非溶融繊維の繊度(dtex)は10000m当りの質量(g)である。
非溶融繊維のヤング率は、ASTM D4018-11に準拠する方法で算出した。ヤング率はN/m2の次元をもち、Paと同義である。ヤング率の算出に用いられる非溶融繊維の断面積は、次式を用いた。
非溶融繊維の断面積(m2)={(非溶融繊維の繊度(dtex))/(非溶融繊維の密度(kg/m3))}×10-7
ここで、非溶融繊維の密度は、ASTM D4018-11に準拠する方法で測定した。非溶融繊維の繊度(dtex)は10000m当りの質量(g)である。
LOI値は、窒素と酸素の混合気体において、物質の燃焼を持続させるのに必要な最小酸素量の容積百分率であり、LOI値が高いほど燃え難いと言える。そこで、JIS K7201-2(2007年)に準拠するLOI値が25以上である熱可塑性繊維は燃えにくく、たとえ、着火しても火源を離せばすぐに消火し、通常わずかに燃え広がった部分に炭化膜を形成し、この炭化部分が延焼を防ぐことができる。LOI値は高い方が好ましいが、現実に入手可能な物質のLOI値の上限は65程度である。
密度が200kg/m3以上であれば、熱可塑性繊維の組織が密であるから、穴が開きにくい。極端に緻密化すれば、これも割れの原因になりがちであるという点で、密度は1200kg/m3以下であることが好ましく、400~900kg/m3であることがより好ましい。
本発明において、非溶融繊維Aとは炎にさらされた際に液化などせずに繊維形状を保つ繊維をいう。本発明で用いる非溶融繊維としては、上記高温収縮率およびヤング率と繊維断面積との積が本発明で規定する範囲にあるものであるが、具体例としては例えば、耐炎化繊維やメタアラミド系繊維を挙げることができる。耐炎化繊維は、アクリロニトリル系、ピッチ系、セルロース系、フェノール系繊維等から選択される繊維を原料として耐炎化処理を行った繊維である。これらは単独で使用しても2種類以上を同時に使用してもよい。なかでも、高温収縮率が低いという点から、耐炎化繊維が好ましく、各種の耐炎化繊維の中で比重が小さく柔軟で難燃性に優れる繊維としてアクリロニトリル系耐炎化繊維が好ましく用いられ、かかる耐炎化繊維は前駆体としてのアクリル系繊維を高温の空気中で加熱、酸化することによって得られる。市販品としては、後記する実施例および比較例で使用した、Zoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)の他、東邦テナックス(株)パイロメックス(Pyromex)等が挙げられる。また、一般にメタアラミド系繊維は高温収縮率が高く、本発明で規定する高温収縮率を満たさないが、高温収縮率を抑制処理することにより本発明の高温収縮率の範囲内としたメタアラミド系繊維であれば、好ましく使用することができる。遮炎性不織布における非溶融繊維の含有率が低すぎると、骨材としての機能が不十分となり、一方、高すぎると、熱可塑性繊維が十分膜状に広がらなくなるため、遮炎性不織布における非溶融繊維Aの含有率は15~70重量%であるのが好ましく、30~50重量%であるのがより好ましい。
本発明で用いる熱可塑性繊維Bとしては、前記LOI値が本発明で規定する範囲にあるものであるが、具体例としては例えば、異方性溶融ポリエステル、難燃性ポリ(アルキレンテレフタレート(ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等))、難燃性ポリ(アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン)、難燃性ポリスルホン、ポリ(エーテル-エーテル-ケトン)、ポリ(エーテル-ケトン-ケトン)、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアリレート、ポリフェニルスルホン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミドイミドおよびこれらの混合物の群から選択される熱可塑性樹脂で構成される繊維を挙げることができる。これらは単独で使用しても、2種類以上を同時に使用してもよい。熱可塑性繊維Bのガラス転移点が110℃以下であると、比較的低温でバインダー効果を得ることができるので、見掛け密度が上がり、また、強力が上がるので、好ましい。なかでも、LOI値の高さと入手の容易さの点から、最も好ましいのはポリフェニレンサルファイド繊維(以下、PPS繊維ともいう)である。
また本発明で好ましく用いられるPPS繊維は、後記するとおり抄紙法に用いることが好ましく、その場合の繊維長は2~38mmの範囲内にあることが好ましく、2~10mmの範囲内にあることがより好ましい。繊維長が2~38mmの範囲内であれば、抄紙用の原液に均一に分散が可能となり、抄紙直後の濡れた状態(湿紙)で乾燥工程を通過させるのに必要な引張強力を有する。また、PPS繊維の太さについても、抄紙用の原液に繊維が凝集せずに均一分散できることから、単繊維繊度は0.1~10dtexの範囲内にあるものが好ましい。
本発明においては、上記未延伸のPPS繊維と延伸糸を併用することが抄紙工程通過性の点から好ましい。なお、PPS繊維の代わりに本発明の範囲を満たす繊維の延伸糸と未延伸糸を併用することでももちろん構わない。
非溶融繊維Aおよび熱可塑性繊維B以外の繊維Cを、不織布に特定の性能をさらに付加するために含有させてもよい。例えば、熱圧着工程以前に適度な熱処理を加え、不織布の強力を上げて、工程通過性を上げるために、ガラス転移点や軟化温度の比較的低いポリエチレンテレフタレートやビニロン繊維を用いてもよい。特にビニロンは、接着性や柔軟性に優れているので好ましい。繊維Cの含有量は本発明の効果を損なわない限り特に制限はないが、遮炎性不織布中の量で20重量%以下であることが好ましく、さらに10重量%以下であることがより好ましい。
JIS P 8124(2011年)に準拠して測定し、1m2当たりの質量(g/m2)で表した。
JIS P 8118(2014年)に準拠して、測定した。
ガラス転移点は、JIS K 7121(2012年)により測定した。
LOI値は、JIS K 7201-2(2007年)に準拠して、測定した。
JIS L 1091(繊維製品の燃焼性試験方法、1999年)のA-1法(45゜ミクロバーナ法)に準じた方法で着火し、以下のとおり遮炎性を評価した。図1に示すように、火炎長さLが45mmであるミクロバーナ1を垂直方向に立て、水平面に対して45度の角度で試験体2を配置し、試験体2に対して厚さthが2mmのスペーサー3を介して燃焼体4を配置して燃焼する試験で遮炎性を評価した。燃焼体4には含有水分率を均一とするために標準状態で24時間放置した、GEヘルスケア・ジャパン株式会社が販売する定性ろ紙グレード2(1002)を用い、ミクロバーナ1に着火してから燃焼体4が引火するまでの時間を秒単位で測定した。なお、1分間炎に晒しても燃焼体4に引火しない場合は、「引火無し」とした。
未延伸のPPS繊維として、単繊維繊度3.0dtex(直径17μm)、カット長6mmの東レ製“トルコン”(登録商標)、品番S111を用いた。このPPS繊維のLOI値は34、ガラス転移点は92℃である。
延伸されたPPS繊維として、単繊維繊度1.0dtex(直径10μm)、カット長6mmの東レ製“トルコン”(登録商標)、品番S301を用いた。このPPS繊維のLOI値は34、ガラス転移点は92℃である。
延伸されたポリエステル繊維として、単繊維繊度2.2dtex(直径14μm)、の東レ製“テトロン”(登録商標)、品番T9615を6mmにカットして用いた。このポリエステル繊維のLOI値は22、ガラス転移点は72℃である。
底に140メッシュの手漉き抄紙網を設置した大きさ30cm×30cm、高さ40cmの手すき抄紙機(熊谷理機工業製)を用いた。
手すき抄紙した後の乾燥には回転型乾燥機(熊谷理機工業製ROTARY DRYER DR-200)を用いた。
鉄ロールとペーパーロールとからなる油圧式3本ロールカレンダー加工機(由利ロール製、型式IH式H3RCM)を使用して加熱・加圧を施した。
1.7dtexのZoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)を6mmに切断し、この耐炎化繊維とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを4対3対3の質量比率になるように準備した。PYRONの高温収縮率は1.6%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は0.98Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け37.3g/m2、厚み61μmであり、これらより計算した密度は611kg/m3となり、緻密かつ柔らかさを持ちながらも十分なハリも備えていた。本実施例1および後記する実施例2~4および比較例1~3において得られる不織布が、遮炎性を評価する燃焼試験における試験体となる。本不織布の遮炎評価では1分間、燃焼体に引火することが無く、十分な遮炎性を有していた。また、本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった。
1.7dtexのZoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)を6mmに切断し、この耐炎化繊維とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを2対4対4の質量比率になるように準備した。PYRONの高温収縮率は1.6%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は0.98Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け40g/m2、厚み57μmであり、これらより計算した密度は702kg/m3となり、緻密かつ柔らかさを持ちながらも十分なハリも備えていた。本不織布の遮炎評価では1分間、燃焼体に引火することが無く遮炎性能は有するものの、実施例1に比べて燃焼体の炭化面積は大きく、若干の残じんが見られた。本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった。
1.7dtexのZoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)を6mmに切断し、この耐炎化繊維とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを6対2対2の質量比率になるように準備した。PYRONの高温収縮率は1.6%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は0.98Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け39g/m2、厚み136μmであり、これらより計算した密度は287kg/m3となり、若干ふかつくも、工業的には扱える範疇の紙であった。本不織布の遮炎評価では1分間、燃焼体に引火することが無く、充分な遮炎性能を有するものの、実施例1に比べて燃焼体の炭化面積は大きかった。本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった。
1.7dtexのZoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)を6mmに切断し、この耐炎化繊維とポリエステル繊維(繊維C)の延伸糸とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを4対1対2対3の質量比率になるように準備した。PYRONの高温収縮率は1.6%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は0.98Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け39g/m2、厚み57μmであり、これらより計算した密度は684kg/m3となり、緻密かつ柔らかさを持ちながらも十分なハリも備えていた。遮炎評価ではバーナー着火直後に試験体表面に一瞬間炎が確認されたが、直後に自己消化し、1分間、燃焼体に引火することも無く、十分な遮炎性を有していた。また、本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった。
1.67dtexのメタアラミド繊維を6mmに切断し、このメタアラミド繊維とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを4対3対3の質量比率になるように準備した。メタアラミド繊維の高温収縮率は5.0%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は1.09Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け38g/m2、厚み62μmであり、これらより計算した密度は613kg/m3となり、緻密かつ柔らかさを持ちながらも十分なハリも備えていた。しかし、遮炎評価ではバーナー引火後5秒足らずで、バーナー直上に穴が開き、燃焼体に引火し燃え広がった。遮炎性を有しているとは言えない。本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった。
1.7dtexのZoltek社製耐炎化繊維PYRON(登録商標)を6mmに切断し、この耐炎化繊維とポリエステル繊維の延伸糸とを4対6の質量比率になるように準備した。PYRONの高温収縮率は1.6%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は0.98Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を170℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回づつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け37g/m2、厚み61μmであり、これらより計算した密度は606kg/m3となり、緻密かつ柔らかさを持ちながらも十分なハリも備えていた。しかし、遮炎評価ではバーナー引火後1秒足らずで、試験体自身にも引火し、難燃性を持ちえないものであった。本不織布を90°以上折り曲げても破断することはなく、穴あきも発生せず、優れた曲げ加工性を有していることが分かった
単繊維直径7μmのPAN系炭素繊維を6mmに切断し、このPAN系炭素繊維とPPS繊維の未延伸糸とPPS繊維の延伸糸とを4対3対3の質量比率になるように準備した。炭素繊維の高温収縮率は0%で、ヤング率と繊維断面の積は9.04Nであった。それらを水に分散し分散液を作製した。分散液から手漉きの抄紙機で湿紙を作製した。湿紙を、回転型乾燥機を用いて110℃で70秒間加熱、乾燥し、続いて鉄ロール表面温度を200℃とし、線圧490N/cm、ロール回転速度5m/分で片面1回ずつ、計2回、加熱・加圧して、不織布を得た。得られた不織布は目付け39g/m2、厚み95μmであり、これらより計算した密度は410kg/m3となった。遮炎評価では1分間、燃焼体に引火することが無く、十分な遮炎性を有していたが、本不織布を90°以上折り曲げると、屈曲部で含有される炭素繊維が破断し、部分的には穴あきも発生し、非常にハンドリングが悪く、曲げ加工等を施すことは不可能であった。
2 試験体
3 スペーサー
4 燃焼体
Claims (7)
- 高温収縮率が3%以下で、且つヤング率と当該繊維の断面積との積が2.0N以下である非溶融繊維Aと、JIS K 7201-2(2007年)に準拠するLOI値が25以上である熱可塑性繊維Bとを含み、密度が200kg/m3以上であることを特徴とする遮炎性不織布。
- 前記非溶融繊維Aの含有率が15~70重量%である請求項1に記載の遮炎性不織布。
- 前記非溶融繊維Aおよび熱可塑性繊維B以外の繊維Cを20重量%以下含有する請求項1または2に記載の遮炎性不織布。
- 前記熱可塑性繊維Bが非溶融繊維Aと融着している請求項1~3の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
- 前記非溶融繊維Aが、耐炎化繊維またはメタアラミド系繊維である請求項1~4の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
- 前記熱可塑性繊維Bが、異方性溶融ポリエステル、難燃性ポリ(アルキレンテレフタレート)、難燃性ポリ(アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン)、難燃性ポリスルホン、ポリ(エーテル-エーテル-ケトン)、ポリ(エーテル-ケトン-ケトン)、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアリレート、ポリフェニルスルホン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミドイミドおよびこれらの混合物の群から選択される樹脂からなる繊維である請求項1~5の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
- 前記熱可塑性繊維Bのガラス転移点が110℃以下である請求項1~6の何れかに記載の遮炎性不織布。
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- 2016-06-28 BR BR112017027635-6A patent/BR112017027635A2/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-06-28 US US15/738,826 patent/US11118289B2/en active Active
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WO2018230391A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-12-20 | 東レ株式会社 | メタアラミドとポリフェニレンサルファイドとを含む湿式不織布およびその積層シート |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2988384A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
TWI700186B (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
JP6844261B2 (ja) | 2021-03-17 |
TW201706124A (zh) | 2017-02-16 |
EP3323923A1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
CN107636219A (zh) | 2018-01-26 |
MX2017016891A (es) | 2018-05-14 |
KR20180022820A (ko) | 2018-03-06 |
EP3323923B1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
US11118289B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
JPWO2017006807A1 (ja) | 2018-04-19 |
US20180187351A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
BR112017027635A2 (ja) | 2018-08-28 |
CN107636219B (zh) | 2021-04-06 |
RU2692845C1 (ru) | 2019-06-28 |
EP3323923A4 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
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