WO2016183971A1 - 触控基板及其制作方法和显示装置 - Google Patents

触控基板及其制作方法和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016183971A1
WO2016183971A1 PCT/CN2015/089435 CN2015089435W WO2016183971A1 WO 2016183971 A1 WO2016183971 A1 WO 2016183971A1 CN 2015089435 W CN2015089435 W CN 2015089435W WO 2016183971 A1 WO2016183971 A1 WO 2016183971A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
chains
touch
touch substrate
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PCT/CN2015/089435
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张雷
徐宇博
胡明
谢涛峰
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/037,453 priority Critical patent/US9965089B2/en
Publication of WO2016183971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016183971A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04111—Cross over in capacitive digitiser, i.e. details of structures for connecting electrodes of the sensing pattern where the connections cross each other, e.g. bridge structures comprising an insulating layer, or vias through substrate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04112—Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0448—Details of the electrode shape, e.g. for enhancing the detection of touches, for generating specific electric field shapes, for enhancing display quality

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to the field of touch display technologies, and in particular, to a touch substrate and a method of fabricating the same, and a display device including the touch substrate.
  • Touch panels can be divided into resistive and capacitive types according to the working principle. Recently, capacitive touch panels have become increasingly popular in electronic products.
  • the capacitive touch panel is operated by the current sensing of the human body, and is a touch panel that senses a touch signal by combining an electrode and a human body characteristic.
  • a coupling capacitor is formed between the finger and the conductor layer of the touch panel due to the electric field of the human body, and the current generated by the electrode on the touch panel flows to the contact, thereby accurately calculating the position of the touch point. .
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a touch electrode pattern.
  • the touch panel (TP) includes a plurality of first electrodes 11 and a plurality of second electrodes 21 alternately arranged with each other, the first electrodes 11 and the second electrodes 21 are electrically insulated from each other, and the plurality of second electrodes 21 of one column are electrically connected, for example
  • the structures 23 are electrically connected to each other sequentially, and the plurality of first electrodes 11 of one row are sequentially electrically connected to each other, for example, by a bridge structure including an insulating layer 12 covering the conductive connecting structure 23 and a conductive connecting structure formed on the insulating layer 12. 13.
  • the conductive connection structure 13 electrically connects adjacent first electrodes 11 of the same row to each other. It can be seen from FIG.
  • touch IC integrated circuit
  • the present invention has been made in order to overcome at least one of the above and other problems and disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a touch substrate comprising:
  • each of the first electrode chains comprising a plurality of first electrodes
  • each of the second electrode chains including a plurality of second electrodes, the plurality of second electrode chains and the plurality of first electrode chains Interposed across each other, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically insulated from each other and a gap exists between adjacent first and second electrodes;
  • each of the first conductor structures being disposed in a corresponding one of the gaps and electrically insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the first conductor structure may include a hollow structure.
  • the hollow structure may include a plurality of grids defined by conductive traces.
  • the first electrode, the second electrode, and the first conductor structure may be disposed in the same layer and made of the same material.
  • the first electrode and the first conductor structure may be disposed in the first layer and made of the same material, and the second electrode may be disposed in a second layer different from the first layer.
  • the grid may have a closed or incompletely closed structure.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode may have a rhombic shape or a square shape.
  • adjacent first electrodes are electrically connected to each other at a vertex of a rhombic shape or a square shape in the first direction
  • adjacent second electrodes pass at a vertex of a rhombic shape or a square shape in the second direction
  • the bridge structures are electrically connected to each other.
  • the first electrode and/or the second electrode may be a block structure made of a transparent conductive material or a mesh structure formed of a metal material.
  • one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a driving electrode, and the other is a sensing electrode, and a second conductor electrically insulated from the electrode and hollowed out is provided at a central region of the sensing electrode. structure.
  • the second conductor structure may be made of the same material as that of the first conductor structure.
  • the shapes of the adjacent second conductor structures may be different from each other.
  • the ratio of the area occupied by each of the second conductor structures to the area of the sensing electrodes provided with the second conductor structure may be in the range of 0.2 to 0.45.
  • the sensing electrode may have a square shape, the diagonal of the square shape has a length P, and one side of each sensing electrode is between the outer side of the second conductor structure disposed in the sensing electrode.
  • the distance is B, and when 4mm>P ⁇ 3mm, B is in the range between 0.55mm and 0.83mm; when 5mm>P ⁇ 4mm, B is in the range between 0.07mm and 1.1mm; when 6mm >P ⁇ 5 mm, B is in the range between 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm; when 7 mm > P ⁇ 6 mm, B is in the range between 1.02 mm and 1.54 mm.
  • the ratio of the area of each of the first conductor structures to the area of the first or second electrodes may be in the range of 0.045 to 0.11.
  • the first conductor structure has a length extending along a gap between adjacent first and second electrodes and a width perpendicular to the length direction
  • the first electrode and the second electrode may have a square shape, assuming The length of the diagonal of the square shape is P and the width is A, then: when 4mm>P ⁇ 3mm, A is in the range between 0.15mm and 0.23mm; when 5mm>P ⁇ 4mm, A is In the range between 0.22mm and 0.32mm; when 6mm>P ⁇ 5mm, A is in the range between 0.27mm and 0.41mm; when 7mm>P ⁇ 6mm, A is between 0.33mm and 0.49mm Within the scope.
  • the capacitance formed between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode may be in the range of 1.2 PF to 1.6 PF.
  • a display device including any of the above touch substrates is provided.
  • a method of fabricating a touch substrate including the following steps:
  • each of the first electrode chains including a plurality of first electrodes
  • each of the second electrode chains including a plurality of second electrodes
  • the plurality of second electrode chains and the plurality of first electrode chains are formed to cross each other, the first electrodes and the second electrodes are electrically insulated from each other and adjacent first electrodes and second electrodes There is a gap between the electrodes;
  • a first conductor structure electrically insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode is formed in each of the gaps by the conductive material.
  • the first electrode chain, the second electrode chain, and the first conductor structure may be simultaneously formed.
  • the step of simultaneously forming the first electrode chain, the second electrode chain, and the first conductor structure may include:
  • the bridging structures of the second electrodes are such that the plurality of second electrodes in each of the second electrode chains are electrically connected to each other in turn.
  • the method may further include electrically forming a conductive insulating material from the corresponding sensing electrode in a central region of the sensing electrode. Second conductor structure.
  • the shapes of the adjacent second conductor structures may be formed to be different from each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an example of a touch electrode pattern arrangement of a conventional touch panel
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a touch substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the dotted circle "P" shown in FIG. 2, showing the touch electrode pattern on the touch substrate;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the "I" portion of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a touch substrate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a touch electrode arrangement on a touch substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the dotted circle "P" shown in FIG. 2, showing the touch substrate.
  • the touch electrode pattern on the top In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the touch substrate includes a substrate, and a plurality of first electrode chains 100 arranged in an array on the substrate (eg, vertically intersecting, but the invention is not limited thereto).
  • the plurality of first electrode chains 100 may be spaced apart from each other in a column direction (eg, Y direction) of the array, for example, spaced apart from each other, the plurality of second The electrode chains 200 may be spaced apart from each other in the row direction (e.g., the X direction) of the array, preferably spaced apart from each other.
  • Each of the first electrode chains 100 may include a plurality of first electrodes 110 which may be arranged, for example, in a row direction; each of the second electrode chains 200 may include a plurality of second electrodes 210 which may be arranged, for example, in a column direction.
  • the plurality of first electrodes 110 of each of the first electrode chains 100 may be electrically connected to each other in sequence
  • the plurality of second electrodes 210 of each of the second electrode chains 200 may be electrically connected to each other in sequence.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, whether a plurality of first electrodes in each of the first electrode chains are electrically connected and/or a plurality of second electrodes in each of the second electrode chains may be determined according to a driving manner of the touch panel. Whether it is electrically connected.
  • the adjacent two first electrodes 110 in each of the first electrode chains 100 may be directly electrically connected or may be electrically connected to each other through the conductive structure 130, adjacent to each of the second electrode chains 200.
  • the two second electrodes 210 are electrically connected to each other by a bridging structure.
  • the bridging structure includes an insulating layer 220 spanning the conductive structure 130 and a conductive structure 230 disposed on the insulating layer 220.
  • the conductive structure 230 is electrically connected.
  • Two adjacent second electrodes 210 in each of the second electrode chains 200 are electrically connected.
  • the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 are electrically insulated from each other, and as shown in FIG. 3, there is a gap G between the adjacent first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210, so that the adjacent first electrode 110 and the second electrode A capacitance is formed between 210.
  • one of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 is a driving electrode, and the other is a sensing electrode, thereby causing a touch when a touch action is performed on the touch panel by applying a driving voltage to the driving electrode.
  • the change in capacitance between the adjacent first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 near the point is sensed by the sensing electrode, thereby determining the position of the touch point.
  • the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 may be made of a plurality of conductive materials, such as a transparent conductive material or a metal material, and may be formed into various shapes such as a rhombic shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, etc., and the present invention does not Make restrictions.
  • the first electrode 110 and/or the second electrode 210 may be a block structure made of a transparent conductive material or a mesh structure formed of a metal material.
  • the adjacent first electrodes 110 in each of the first electrode chains 100 are in a rhombic shape in the row direction or The apexes of the square shape are electrically connected to each other, and the adjacent second electrodes 210 of each of the second electrode chains 200 are electrically connected to each other by the above-described bridge structure at the apexes of the rhombic shape or the square shape in the column direction.
  • the touch substrate further includes a plurality of first conductor structures 310 spaced apart from each other, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each of the first conductor structures 310 is disposed adjacent to the first electrodes 110 and The two electrodes 210 are disposed in a corresponding one of the gaps G, and are formed of a conductive material and electrically insulated from the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210.
  • Each first conductor structure may extend along substantially the entire length of the corresponding gap, with or without electrical insulation from the first and second electrodes.
  • adjusting the size or structural parameters of the first conductor structure, the capacitance between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode can be adjusted to match the capacitance value that the required touch driving chip can be compatible with.
  • the first conductor structure is reasonably designed such that the capacitance formed between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode is 1.2 PF to 1.6 PF, which is compatible with a touch IC on the market (usually 1 to 3 PF) match to achieve good touch results.
  • the size of the touch electrodes is different according to the size of the touch panel or the touch screen product. Adjusting the size or structural parameters of the first conductor structure can obtain a suitable capacitance value to adapt to different sizes of touch panels.
  • the first conductor structure disposed in the gap between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode can reduce the adverse effect of the fringe electric field, avoiding the touch panel only near the position where the first and second electrodes intersect
  • the touch-sensitive problem causes the touch action at any position on the electrode to cause a change in capacitance between the electrodes, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the touch panel.
  • the portions where the first and second electrodes are disposed are transparent, the illuminance of the light is still reduced, and the first conductor structure is provided to reduce the illuminance of the gap region, so that the touch screen is uniformly brightened and improved. display effect.
  • the first conductor structure 310 can include a hollowed out structure to reduce the adverse effects on display and reduce electrostatic effects.
  • the hollow structure may include a plurality of grids or squares defined by conductive traces, and the grid may have a closed or incompletely closed structure.
  • the first electrode 110, the second electrode 210, and the first conductor structure 310 may be disposed on the same layer on the substrate, and may be made of the same material, such as a layer of the same transparent conductive material or metal material. Therefore, it can be formed simultaneously by one patterning process, which simplifies the process.
  • one of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 and the first conductor structure 310 are disposed on the first layer on the substrate, and may be made of the same material, and the first electrode 110 and the second electrode The other of 210 is disposed in a second layer different from the first layer, so that the formation of the above-described bridge structure can be avoided.
  • the first electrode 110 is a driving electrode and the second electrode 210 is The sensing electrode may be provided with a second conductor structure 410 electrically insulated from the electrode at a central region of the sensing electrode.
  • the second conductor structure 410 can also be a hollow structure. The hollowed second conductor structure can avoid the problem that the touch action in the central region of the sensing electrode is not easily sensed, improve the sensing sensitivity of the sensing electrode, and reduce interference caused by external noise such as static electricity.
  • the second conductor structure 410 can be made of the same material as the first conductor structure 310, preferably formed of the same material as the electrodes to simplify the process.
  • the structures, shapes, or sizes of adjacent second conductor structures 410 may be different from each other, avoiding the regular pattern formed by the second conductor structure from affecting the pattern display, improving visual uniformity.
  • both the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 have a square shape, which may be a hollow structure, including a plurality of grids or squares defined by conductive traces, the square shape
  • the value of P is related to the size of the touch panel and the arrangement of the electrodes, usually For the TP manufacturer, the P value of the electrode corresponding to each size of the touch panel has a fixed range or is preset to reduce the masking cost; each first conductor structure 310 has the first in the adjacent
  • the width A extending between the electrode 110 and the second electrode 210 can be adjusted for the width A of each size of the touch panel to obtain an optimized capacitance to match the capacitance value compatible with the touch driving
  • the inventors optimized the above parameters to obtain an optimized capacitance that matches the capacitance value compatible with the touch driving chip.
  • the capacitance formed between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode is 1.2 PF to 1.6 PF, which is compatible with the touch IC on the market (usually 1 to 1). 3PF) matches to achieve good touch results.
  • the ratio of the area of each of the first conductor structures to the area of the first or second electrodes may be in the range of 0.045 to 0.11, and the ratio of the area occupied by each of the second conductor structures to the area of the corresponding sensing electrode may be It is in the range of 0.2 to 0.45. Table 1 below lists the optimization parameters according to one example.
  • a method for fabricating the above touch substrate is provided. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, the method mainly includes the following steps:
  • each of the first electrode chains including a plurality of first electrodes
  • each of the second electrode chains including a plurality of Second electrodes
  • the plurality of second electrode chains and the plurality of first electrode chains are formed to cross each other, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically insulated from each other and between the adjacent first and second electrodes There is a gap;
  • the above steps S1 and S2 may be performed in one step to simultaneously form a first electrode chain, a second electrode chain, and a first conductor structure.
  • the step of simultaneously forming the first electrode chain, the second electrode chain, and the first conductor structure may include:
  • a first conductive material layer such as a transparent material layer or a thin metal layer, on the substrate;
  • an insulating layer covering the pattern may be formed on the substrate, and a via hole corresponding to each of the second electrodes may be formed in the insulating layer.
  • a via hole may be formed in the insulating layer at a position corresponding to the vertex of the shape, and then a second conductive material layer is formed on the insulating layer, the second a conductive material layer filling the via hole, and performing a patterning process on the second conductive material layer to form a bridge structure electrically connecting adjacent two second electrodes in each of the second electrode chains, such that each second The plurality of second electrodes in the electrode chain are sequentially electrically connected to each other.
  • the formed first electrode, second electrode, and first conductor structure are located on the same layer on the substrate.
  • an electrode arrangement of a different layer may be formed, the first electrode and the second electrode being respectively formed in different layers, and the first conductor structure may be selectively formed in the same layer as the first electrode or the second electrode.
  • first electrode and the second electrode can be made of a plurality of conductive materials, such as a transparent conductive material or a metal material, and can be formed into various shapes, such as a diamond shape, a square shape, etc., which is not limited by the present invention.
  • first electrode and/or the second electrode may be a block structure made of a transparent conductive material or a mesh structure formed of a metal material.
  • the method of fabricating the touch substrate may further include a central region of the sensing electrode.
  • a conductive material is used internally to form a second conductor structure that is electrically insulated from the corresponding sensing electrode.
  • a second conductor structure can be formed in some or all of the sensing electrodes.
  • the shapes of adjacent second conductor structures may be formed to be different from each other.
  • the first conductor structure and/or the second conductor structure may comprise a hollowed out structure to reduce the adverse effects on the display effect.
  • the hollow structure may include multiple grids or squares defined by conductive traces.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device including the touch substrate or the touch substrate fabricated by the above method.
  • the display device may include a liquid crystal display device such as a liquid crystal television, a mobile phone, an electronic book, a tablet computer, or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

一种触控基板及其制作方法、和包括该触控基板的显示装置。该触控基板包括：基板；设置在所述基板上的彼此隔开的多个第一电极链（100），每个所述第一电极链（100）包括多个第一电极（110）；设置在所述基板上的彼此隔开的多个第二电极链（200），每个所述第二电极链（200）包括多个第二电极（210），所述多个第二电极链（200）与所述多个第一电极链（100）相互交叉地布置，所述第一电极（110）和第二电极（210）相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极（110）和第二电极（210）之间存在间隙（G）；和多个第一导体结构（310），每个第一导体结构（310）设置在对应的一个间隙（G）内并由导电材料形成且与第一电极（110）和第二电极（210）相互电绝缘。

Description

触控基板及其制作方法和显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例一般地涉及触控显示技术领域，并且具体地，涉及一种触控基板及其制作方法、和包括该触控基板的显示装置。
背景技术
触摸面板按工作原理可以分为电阻式和电容式两种，日前电容式触摸面板在电子产品上的应用日益普及。电容式触摸面板是利用人体的电流感应进行工作的，是一种通过电极和人体特性结合来感应触摸信号的触摸面板。在人体(手指)触摸面板幕时，由于人体电场作用，手指与触摸面板的导体层间会形成一个耦合电容，触摸面板上电极产生的电流会流向触点，从而能够准确计算出触摸点的位置。
图1示出了触控电极图案的一个示例。触控面板(TP)包括相互交替布置的多个第一电极11和多个第二电极21，第一电极11和第二电极21彼此电绝缘，一列的多个第二电极21例如通过导电连接结构23彼此顺序地电连接，一行的多个第一电极11例如通过桥接结构彼此顺序地电连接，该桥接结构包括覆盖导电连接结构23的绝缘层12和形成在绝缘层12上的导电连接结构13，导电连接结构13将同一行的相邻的第一电极11彼此电连接。从图1中可以看出，相邻的第一电极11和第二电极21之间存在电容Cm，当人体(手指)触摸面板幕时，由于人体电场作用，手指与触摸面板的导体层间会形成一个耦合电容，引起电容Cm变化，根据这种电容Cm变化能够计算出触摸点的位置。
然而，现有触摸面板的结构比较单一，且其电容Cm与市面上的触控驱动芯片的电容值不兼容，使得该类型触摸面板的应用有很大障碍。特别地，触控IC(集成电路)厂商布局较早，每家IC厂商都有自己的触控电极图案专利，并与自家的IC绑定，如果TP公司使用A公司的IC和触控电极图案开模生产TP， 后来因其他原因，需要将A公司的IC更换为B公司的IC，即使B公司的IC也可以正常搭配A公司的触控电极图案，但是因为专利的问题，之前所制作的模具也不能继续使用，必须使用B公司的触控电极图案重新制作模具，这种模式给TP公司带来极大的损失。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的上述和其它问题和缺陷中的至少一种，提出了本发明。
根据本发明的一个方面，提出了一种触控基板，包括：
基板；
设置在所述基板上的彼隔开的多个第一电极链，每个所述第一电极链包括多个第一电极；
设置在所述基板上的彼此隔开的多个第二电极链，每个所述第二电极链包括多个第二电极，所述多个第二电极链与所述多个第一电极链相互交叉地布置，所述第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间存在间隙；和
多个第一导体结构，每个第一导体结构设置在对应的一个间隙内并与第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘。
在上述触控基板中，第一导体结构可以包括镂空结构。
在上述触控基板中，镂空结构可以包括由导电迹线限定的多个网格。
在上述触控基板中，第一电极、第二电极以及第一导体结构可以设置在同一层并由相同的材料制成。
在上述触控基板中，第一电极和第一导体结构可以设置在第一层中并由相同的材料制成，第二电极可以设置在与所述第一层不同的第二层中。
在上述触控基板中，所述网格可以具有封闭或者不完全封闭的结构。
在上述触控基板中，第一电极和第二电极可以具有菱形形状或正方形形状， 并且相邻的第一电极在所述第一方向上在菱形形状或正方形形状的顶点处彼此电连接，相邻的第二电极在所述第二方向上在菱形形状或正方形形状的顶点处通过桥接结构彼此电连接。
在上述触控基板中，第一电极和/或第二电极可以是由透明导电材料制成的块状结构，或者是金属材料形成的网状结构。
在上述触控基板中，第一电极和第二电极中的一种为驱动电极，另一种为感应电极，并且在感应电极的中心区域处设有与该电极电绝缘并镂空的第二导体结构。
在上述触控基板中，第二导体结构可以由与第一导体结构的材料相同的材料制成。
在上述触控基板中，相邻的第二导体结构的形状可以彼此不同。
在上述触控基板中，每个第二导体结构所占的面积与设有该第二导体结构的感应电极的面积之比可以在0.2～0.45的范围内。优选地，所述感应电极可以具有正方形形状，所述正方形形状的对角线的长度为P，每个感应电极的一个侧边与设置在该感应电极内的第二导体结构的最外侧之间的距离为B，并且当4mm＞P≥3mm时，B在0.55mm和0.83mm之间的范围内；当5mm＞P≥4mm时，B在0.07mm和1.1mm之间的范围内；当6mm＞P≥5mm时，B在0.8mm和1.2mm之间的范围内；当7mm＞P≥6mm时，B在1.02mm和1.54mm之间的范围内。
在上述触控基板中，每个第一导体结构的面积与第一或第二电极的面积之比可以在0.045～0.11的范围内。优选地，所述第一导体结构具有沿相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间的间隙延伸的长度和与长度方向垂直的宽度，第一电极和第二电极可以具有正方形形状，假设该正方形形状的对角线的长度为P并且所述宽度为A，则：当4mm＞P≥3mm时，A在0.15mm和0.23mm之间的范围内；当5mm＞P≥4mm时，A在0.22mm和0.32mm之间的范围内；当6mm＞P≥5mm时，A在0.27mm和0.41mm之间的范围内；当7mm＞P≥6mm时，A在0.33mm和0.49mm之间的范围内。
在上述触控基板中，相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间所形成的电容可以在1.2PF～1.6PF的范围内。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述任一触控基板。
根据本发明的又一个方面，提供了一种制作触控基板的方法，包括如下步骤：
在基板上形成彼此隔开的多个第一电极链和彼此隔开的多个第二电极链，每个所述第一电极链包括多个第一电极，每个所述第二电极链包括多个第二电极，所述多个第二电极链与所述多个第一电极链相互交叉地形成，所述第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间存在间隙；以及
由导电材料在每个间隙内形成与第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘的第一导体结构。
在上述方法中，所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构可以是同时形成的。
在上述方法中，同时形成所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的步骤可以包括：
在基板上形成第一导电材料层；
对所述第一导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成包括所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的图案，使得每个第一电极链中的所述多个第一电极依次彼此电连接；
在基板上形成覆盖所述图案的绝缘层；
在绝缘层中形成对应于每个第二电极的通孔；以及
在绝缘层上形成第二导电材料层，第二导电材料层填充所述通孔，并对所述第二导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成电连接每个第二电极链中相邻的两个第二电极的桥接结构，使得每个第二电极链中的所述多个第二电极依次彼此电连接。
当第一电极和第二电极中的一种用作驱动电极，另一种用作感应电极时，上述方法还可以包括在感应电极的中心区域内利用导电材料形成与对应的感应电极电绝缘的第二导体结构。
在上述方法中，可以将相邻的第二导体结构的形状形成为彼此不同。
通过下文中参照附图对本发明所作的详细描述，本发明的其它目的和优点将显而易见，并可帮助对本发明有全面的理解。
附图说明
通过参考附图能够更加清楚地理解本发明的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本发明进行任何限制，在附图中：
图1为现有触控面板的触控电极图案布置的一个示例的结构示意图；
图2为根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的触控基板的结构示意图。
图3为图2中示出的虚线圈“P”的局部放大图，示出了触控基板上的触控电极图案；
图4为图3中“I”部分的放大视图；以及
图5为根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的制作触控基板的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在下面的详细描述中，为便于说明，阐述了许多具体的细节以提供对本发明的实施例的全面理解。然而明显地，一个或多个实施例在没有这些具体细节的情况下也可以被实施。在其它情况下，公知的结构和装置以图示的方式体现以简化附图。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的触控基板上的触控电极布置，图3为图2中示出的虚线圈“P”的局部放大图，示出了触控基板上的触控电极图案。在如图2所示的实施例中，触控基板包括一基板、和在基板上相互交叉(例如，垂直地交叉，但本发明不限于此)地布置成阵列的多个第一电极链100 和多个第二电极链200，所述多个第一电极链100可以在该阵列的列方向(如，Y方向)上彼此隔开，例如，彼此平行地隔开，所述多个第二电极链200可以在该阵列的行方向(如，X方向)上彼此隔开，优选地，彼此平行地隔开。每个第一电极链100可以包括多个第一电极110，它们例如可以沿行方向排列；每个第二电极链200可以包括多个第二电极210，它们例如可以沿列方向排列。
在一个示例中，每个第一电极链100的多个第一电极110可以彼此顺次电连接，每个第二电极链200的多个第二电极210可以彼此顺次电连接。但本发明并不限于此，例如，可以根据触摸面板的驱动方式确定每个第一电极链中的多个第一电极是否电连接和/或每个第二电极链中的多个第二电极是否电连接。
如图3和4所示，每个第一电极链100中相邻的两个第一电极110可以直接电连接，也可以通过导电结构130彼此电连接，每个第二电极链200中相邻的两个第二电极210通过一桥接结构彼此电连接，在一个示例中，该桥接结构包括横跨导电结构130的绝缘层220和设置在绝缘层220上的导电结构230，导电结构230电连接每个第二电极链200中相邻的两个第二电极210。
第一电极110和第二电极210相互电绝缘，并且如图3所示，相邻的第一电极110和第二电极210之间存在间隙G，从而相邻的第一电极110和第二电极210之间形成电容。在一个示例中，第一电极110和第二电极210中的一种为驱动电极，另一种为感应电极，从而通过向驱动电极施加驱动电压，当在触摸面板上进行触摸动作时，引起触摸点附近的相邻的第一电极110和第二电极210之间的电容变化，由感应电极感应这种电容变化，由此确定触摸点的位置。
第一电极110和第二电极210可以由多种导电材料制成，如透明导电材料或金属材料，并且可以形成为多种形状，如菱形形状、正方形形状、矩形形状等，本发明对此不做限制。在一个示例中，第一电极110和/或第二电极210可以是由透明导电材料制成的块状结构，或者是由金属材料形成的网状结构。在一个优选的实施例中，在第一电极和第二电极具有菱形形状或正方形形状的情况下，每个第一电极链100中相邻的第一电极110在行方向上在菱形形状或 正方形形状的顶点处彼此电连接，每个第二电极链200中相邻的第二电极210在列方向上在菱形形状或正方形形状的顶点处通过上述桥接结构彼此电连接。
根据本发明的实施例，触控基板还包括彼此隔开的多个第一导体结构310，如图2和3所示，每个第一导体结构310设置在相邻的第一电极110和第二电极210之间，即设置在对应的一个间隙G内，并由导电材料形成且与第一电极110和第二电极210相互电绝缘。在与第一和第二电极隔开或电绝缘的情况下，每个第一导体结构可以沿着对应的间隙的大致全部长度延伸。
根据本发明的实施例，调整第一导体结构的尺寸或结构参数，能够调节相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间的电容，以匹配所需要的触控驱动芯片能够兼容的电容值。例如，合理地设计第一导体结构，使得相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间所形成的电容为1.2PF～1.6PF，以与市面上的触控IC能够兼容的电容值(通常为1～3PF)相匹配，从而实现良好的触控效果。随着触摸面板或触摸屏产品的尺寸的不同，触控电极的尺寸也不相同，调整第一导体结构的尺寸或结构参数可以获得合适的电容值，以适应不同尺寸的触摸面板。进一步，设置在相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间的间隙内的第一导体结构可以减少边缘电场的不利影响，避免触摸面板仅对在第一和第二电极相交叉的位置附近的触摸动作敏感的问题，使得电极上的任一位置处的触摸动作都能引起电极之间的电容变化，由此提高触摸面板的灵敏度。此外，在触摸面板上，设置第一和第二电极的部位虽然是透明的，但仍然降低光的照度，而设置第一导体结构可以降低间隙区域的照度，使触控屏均匀发亮，提高显示效果。
在一个示例中，如图2和3所示，第一导体结构310可以包括镂空结构，以减少对显示效果的不利影响，并减少静电影响。例如，镂空结构可以包括由导电迹线限定的多个网格或方格，网格可以具有封闭或者不完全封闭的结构。在一个示例中，第一电极110、第二电极210以及第一导体结构310可以设置在基板上的同一层，可以由相同的材料制成，如由相同的透明导电材料或金属材料层形成，从而可以通过一次构图工艺可以同时形成，简化工艺。在另一个 替换示例中，第一电极110和第二电极210中的一种与第一导体结构310设置在基板上的第一层，并且可以由相同的材料制成，而第一电极110和第二电极210中的另一种设置在与第一层不同的第二层，从而可以避免形成上述桥接结构。
根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例，当第一电极和第二电极中的一种为驱动电极，另一种为感应电极时，例如，第一电极110为驱动电极而第二电极210为感应电极，此时在感应电极的中心区域处可以设有与该电极电绝缘的第二导体结构410。第二导体结构410也可以是镂空结构。镂空的第二导体结构可以避免感应电极的中心区域内的触摸动作不易感测的问题，提高感应电极的感应灵敏度，并减少如由静电等外界噪声引起的干扰。
在一个示例中，第二导体结构410可以由与第一导体结构310相同的材料制成，优选地由与电极相同的材料形成，以简化工艺。在另一个示例中，相邻的第二导体结构410的结构、形状或尺寸可以彼此不同，避免第二导体结构形成的规则图案影响图案显示，提高视觉均匀性。
在图3中示出了第一电极110、第二电极210、第一导体结构310、第二导体结构410的一种示例性布置和相关参数。在图3中示出的示例中，第一电极110和第二电极210都具有正方形形状，其可以是镂空结构，包括由导电迹线限定的多个网格或方格，所述正方形形状的对角线的长度为P(如，Px，Py)，优选第一电极110和第二电极210具有相同的形状，即Px＝Py；P的值与触摸面板的尺寸和电极的布置相关，通常对TP厂商来说，每种尺寸的触摸面板对应的电极的P值具有固定的范围或是预先设定的，以降低掩模制版成本；每个第一导体结构310具有在相邻的第一电极110和第二电极210之间延伸的宽度A，针对每种尺寸的触摸面板调整宽度A可以获得优化的电容，以与触控驱动芯片能够兼容的电容值匹配；每个感应电极的一个侧边与设置在该感应电极内的第二导体结构410的最外侧之间的距离为B，调整B的大小可以优化降躁效果；第一电极110和第二电极210的电连接之间存在交叉点，在相邻的第一和第二 电极之间、在间隙G与它邻近的交叉点之间存在变窄的空隙部分，该变窄的空隙部分的长度为C；限定电极的镂空结构的网格或方格的导电迹线的线宽为D，网格或方格的长度/宽度为E。
针对不同的触摸面板或触摸屏产品尺寸，本发明人对上述参数进行优化调整，以获得与触控驱动芯片能够兼容的电容值匹配的优化电容。在一个示例中，经优化后，相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间所形成的电容为1.2PF～1.6PF，这与市面上的触控IC能够兼容的电容值(通常为1～3PF)相匹配，从而能够实现良好的触控效果。例如，每个第一导体结构的面积与第一或第二电极的面积之比可以在0.045～0.11的范围内，每个第二导体结构所占的面积与对应的感应电极的面积之比可以在0.2～0.45的范围内。下表1列出了根据一个示例的优化参数。
表1
Figure PCTCN2015089435-appb-000001
在本发明的另一个示例性实施例中，提供了一种制作上述触控基板的方法，如图5中的流程图所示，该方法主要包括如下步骤：
S1：在一基板上形成彼此隔开的多个第一电极链和彼此隔开的多个第二电极链，每个第一电极链包括多个第一电极，每个第二电极链包括多个第二电极，所述多个第二电极链与所述多个第一电极链相互交叉地形成，第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间存在间隙；以及
S2：由导电材料在每个间隙内形成与第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘的第一导体结构。
在一个示例中，在上述制作触控基板的方法中，可以在一个步骤中执行上述步骤S1和S2，以同时形成第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构。示例 性地，同时形成所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的步骤可以包括：
在基板上形成第一导电材料层，如透明材料层或薄金属层；以及
对所述第一导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成包括所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的图案，使得每个第一电极链中的所述多个第一电极依次彼此电连接。
在形成上述图案之后，可以在基板上形成覆盖所述图案的绝缘层，并在绝缘层中形成对应于每个第二电极的通孔。在将第二电极形成为菱形形状或正方形形状的情况下，可以在绝缘层中在对应于该形状的顶点的位置处形成通孔，然后，在绝缘层上形成第二导电材料层，第二导电材料层填充所述通孔，并对所述第二导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成电连接每个第二电极链中相邻的两个第二电极的桥接结构，使得每个第二电极链中的所述多个第二电极依次彼此电连接。在这种情况下，所形成的第一电极、第二电极和第一导体结构位于基板上的同一层。另一方面，可以形成异层的电极布置，第一电极和第二电极分别形成在不同的层，第一导体结构可以选择性地形成在与第一电极或第二电极相同的层中。
可以理解，第一电极和第二电极可以由多种导电材料制成，如透明导电材料或金属材料，并且可以形成为多种形状，如菱形形状、正方形形状等，本发明对此不做限制。在一个示例中，第一电极和/或第二电极可以是由透明导电材料制成的块状结构，或者是由金属材料形成的网状结构。
在另一个示例中，在第一电极和第二电极中的一种用作驱动电极，另一种用作感应电极的情况下，上述制作触控基板的方法还可以包括在感应电极的中心区域内利用导电材料形成与对应的感应电极电绝缘的第二导体结构。可以在一些或全部的感应电极内形成第二导体结构。在一个示例中，可以将相邻的第二导体结构的形状形成为彼此不同。在一个优选的实施例中，第一导体结构和/或第二导体结构可以包括镂空结构，以减少对显示效果的不利影响。例如，镂空结构可以包括由导电迹线限定的多个网格或方格。
进一步，本发明的实施例还提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述触控基板或由上述方法制作的触控基板。该显示装置可以包括液晶显示装置，如液晶电视、手机、电子书、平板电脑等。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行变化，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种触控基板，其特征在于，包括：
    基板；
    设置在所述基板上的彼隔开的多个第一电极链，每个所述第一电极链包括多个第一电极；
    设置在所述基板上的彼此隔开的多个第二电极链，每个所述第二电极链包括在多个第二电极，所述多个第二电极链与所述多个第一电极链相互交叉地布置，所述第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间存在间隙；和
    多个第一导体结构，每个第一导体结构设置在对应的一个间隙内并与第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一导体结构包括镂空结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述镂空结构包括由导电迹线限定的多个网格。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一电极、第二电极以及第一导体结构设置在同一层并由相同的材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一电极和所述第一导体结构设置在第一层中并由相同的材料制成，所述第二电极设置在与所述第一层不同的第二层中。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述网格具有封闭或 者不完全封闭的结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一电极和第二电极具有菱形形状或正方形形状，并且相邻的第一电极在所述第一方向上在菱形形状或正方形形状的顶点处彼此电连接，相邻的第二电极在所述第二方向上在菱形形状或正方形形状的顶点处通过桥接结构彼此电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的触控基板，其特征在于，第一电极和/或第二电极是由透明导电材料制成的块状结构，或者是金属材料形成的网状结构。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一电极和第二电极中的一种为驱动电极，另一种为感应电极，并且在感应电极的中心区域处设有与该感应电极电绝缘并镂空的第二导体结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第二导体结构由与第一导体结构的材料相同的材料制成。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的触控基板，其特征在于，相邻的第二导体结构的形状彼此不同。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的触控基板，其特征在于，每个第二导体结构所占的面积与设有该第二导体结构的感应电极的面积之比在0.2～0.45的范围内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述感应电极具有正方形形状，所述正方形形状的对角线的长度为P，每个感应电极的一个侧边与设置在该感应电极内的第二导体结构的最外侧之间的距离为B，并且
    当4mm＞P≥3mm时，B在0.55mm和0.83mm之间的范围内；
    当5mm＞P≥4mm时，B在0.07mm和1.1mm之间的范围内；
    当6mm＞P≥5mm时，B在0.8mm和1.2mm之间的范围内；以及
    当7mm＞P≥6mm时，B在1.02mm和1.54mm之间的范围内。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的触控基板，其特征在于，每个第一导体结构的面积与第一或第二电极的面积之比在0.045～0.11的范围内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的触控基板，其特征在于，所述第一导体结构具有沿相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间的间隙延伸的长度和与长度方向垂直的宽度，第一电极和第二电极具有正方形形状，假设该正方形形状的对角线的长度为P并且所述宽度为A，则：
    当4mm＞P≥3mm时，A在0.15mm和0.23mm之间的范围内；
    当5mm＞P≥4mm时，A在0.22mm和0.32mm之间的范围内；
    当6mm＞P≥5mm时，A在0.27mm和0.41mm之间的范围内；以及
    当7mm＞P≥6mm时，A在0.33mm和0.49mm之间的范围内。
  16. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-15中的任一项所述的触控基板。
  17. 一种制作触控基板的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    在基板上形成彼此隔开的多个第一电极链和彼此隔开的多个第二电极链，每个所述第一电极链包括多个第一电极，每个所述第二电极链包括多个第二电极，所述多个第二电极链与所述多个第一电极链相互交叉地形成，所述第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘并且相邻的第一电极和第二电极之间存在间隙；以及
    由导电材料在每个间隙内形成与第一电极和第二电极相互电绝缘的第一导体结构。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构是同时形成的。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，同时形成所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的步骤包括：
    在基板上形成第一导电材料层；
    对所述第一导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成包括所述第一电极链、第二电极链和第一导体结构的图案，使得每个第一电极链中的所述多个第一电极依次彼此电连接；
    在基板上形成覆盖所述图案的绝缘层；
    在绝缘层中形成对应于每个第二电极的通孔；以及
    在绝缘层上形成第二导电材料层，第二导电材料层填充所述通孔，并对所述第二导电材料层执行构图工艺，以形成电连接每个第二电极链中相邻的两个第二电极的桥接结构，使得每个第二电极链中的所述多个第二电极依次彼此电连接。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，其中当第一电极和第二电极中的一种用作驱动电极，另一种用作感应电极时，该方法还包括在感应电极的中心区域内利用导电材料形成与对应的感应电极电绝缘的第二导体结构。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，相邻的第二导体结构的形状形成为彼此不同。
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