WO2016181810A1 - 粒子充填装置 - Google Patents
粒子充填装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016181810A1 WO2016181810A1 PCT/JP2016/062895 JP2016062895W WO2016181810A1 WO 2016181810 A1 WO2016181810 A1 WO 2016181810A1 JP 2016062895 W JP2016062895 W JP 2016062895W WO 2016181810 A1 WO2016181810 A1 WO 2016181810A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- particle
- distributor
- shutter
- particle supply
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/007—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes provided with moving parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
- B65G65/48—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/002—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor with a moving instrument
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
- B65B1/04—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
- B65B1/10—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by rotary feeders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B65/00—Details peculiar to packaging machines and not otherwise provided for; Arrangements of such details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/32—Filling devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
- B65G65/48—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems
- B65G65/4809—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B65G65/4872—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis through which material passes, e.g. fan-like wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
- B65G69/04—Spreading out the materials conveyed over the whole surface to be loaded; Trimming heaps of loose materials
- B65G69/0458—Spreading out the materials conveyed over the whole surface to be loaded; Trimming heaps of loose materials with rotating means, e.g. tables, arms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
- B65G2201/042—Granular material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2814/00—Indexing codes relating to loading or unloading articles or bulk materials
- B65G2814/02—Auxiliary devices or arrangements
- B65G2814/0205—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for preventing breakage, pulverisation or damage to materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2814/00—Indexing codes relating to loading or unloading articles or bulk materials
- B65G2814/02—Auxiliary devices or arrangements
- B65G2814/0241—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for spreading out the material over the whole surface to be loaded
- B65G2814/0288—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for spreading out the material over the whole surface to be loaded using throwing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
- B65G53/46—Gates or sluices, e.g. rotary wheels
- B65G53/4608—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material
- B65G53/4625—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow
- B65G53/4633—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow the element having pockets, rotated from charging position to discharging position, i.e. discrete flow
- B65G53/465—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow the element having pockets, rotated from charging position to discharging position, i.e. discrete flow with a closable outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
- B65G69/16—Preventing pulverisation, deformation, breakage, or other mechanical damage to the goods or materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a particle filling apparatus for spraying and filling particles such as catalyst, grain, and feed into containers such as reaction vessels and storage silos.
- Catalysts are used for synthesis and decomposition in various chemical reactions.
- a reaction that uses a catalyst to decompose heavy gas oil into a high octane gasoline a reaction that uses a catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to simultaneously perform desulfurization and decomposition, etc.
- a particulate solid catalyst is used.
- the reaction vessel is filled with a catalyst, and it is known that the filling state of the catalyst affects the operation efficiency.
- Densi Cat method UOP method, and COP method are known as filling devices for filling a catalyst.
- the Densi Cat method uses a plurality of rubber blades to uniformly disperse particles in all directions based on the blade opening and the scattering by the blades.
- UOP method particles are dispersed using centrifugal force generated by 2 to 4 straight blades.
- COP method particles are dispersed using 1 to 3 blades with guides on an elliptical plate (see FIGS. 12 to 14 of Patent Document 1).
- a conventional filling device for example, at least two distribution plates that rotate coaxially below the catalyst supply pipe and whose upper side has a larger diameter than the lower side are arranged in parallel, and the surface of each distribution plate is partitioned by a plurality of ribs. And a catalyst distribution portion that expands radially outward, and the catalyst distribution portions are formed such that the radial lengths thereof are different from each other, and the lower distribution plate passes through the central portion of the upper distribution plate.
- a catalyst dropping portion having a central cylindrical body that reaches the vicinity and a long hole that penetrates through the front and back of the lowermost distribution plate and extends in the radial direction from the central portion (see Patent Document 2).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a particle filling apparatus capable of uniformly filling particles such as a catalyst without damaging them.
- a particle filling apparatus is a particle filling apparatus for filling particles inside a container, and is rotated with respect to a base held in a fixed position with respect to the container and a central axis extending in a vertical direction.
- a particle filling device is a particle filling device for filling particles inside a container, and has a particle supply unit extending in a vertical direction, and the particle supply unit has an upper end opening at an upper end and a lower end. Having a lower end opening and a shutter mechanism for blocking the supply of particles in the middle, and the shutter mechanism is a discontinuous part formed in the middle of the particle supply part, and the lower end of the discontinuous part is opened. It has a discontinuous part whose diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the upper end of the discontinuous part, and a shutter plate that is inserted into the discontinuous part and opens and closes a particle supply path.
- a base that is held at a fixed position with respect to the container, a distributor that is rotationally symmetric with respect to a central axis that extends in the vertical direction, and a particle that is fixed to the base.
- a bearing that rotatably holds the distributor, and is fixed to the base, has a rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the central axis, and has a lower end opening smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing, and particles from the lower end opening to the distributor Since it has the particle supply part to supply and the motor which rotates a divider
- the shutter has a particle supply portion extending in the vertical direction, and the particle supply portion has an upper end opening at the upper end, a lower end opening at the lower end, and a supply of particles in the middle.
- the shutter mechanism is a discontinuous portion formed in the middle of the particle supply unit, and the opening diameter of the lower end of the discontinuous portion is larger than the opening diameter of the upper end of the discontinuous portion. Since it has a continuous part and a shutter plate inserted in the discontinuous part and opens and closes the supply path of the particles, the particles such as the catalyst can be filled without being damaged.
- FIG. (1) for demonstrating operation
- FIG. (2) for demonstrating operation
- FIG. (3) shows the modification of the shutter mechanism of the particle
- the inventor of the present application diligently studied the breakage of particles such as a catalyst in a conventional particle filling apparatus, and this is a rotating plate for dispersing particles and its rotating shaft in the supply path of particles such as a catalyst, Since there is a bent portion in the supply path of the particles such as the catalyst, the particles such as the catalyst may be broken by being pressurized unevenly, or the particles provided in the supply path of the particles such as the catalyst may be supplied.
- Research has been conducted focusing on the fact that particles are destroyed by the blocking shutter mechanism, and the present invention has been recalled.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which the particle filling apparatus according to the present embodiment is installed in a reaction vessel
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing the particle filling apparatus according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a particle filling apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a dome-shaped portion of the distributor of the particle filling device according to the present embodiment.
- reaction vessel As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a particle filling device 20 for dispersing and filling particles 11 such as a catalyst in a reaction vessel 10 which is a reaction tower for petroleum refining and petrochemical is provided as a vessel.
- the reaction vessel 10 is a bottomed cylindrical reaction tower filled with a catalyst. During the reaction operation, the reaction vessel 10 introduces a reaction fluid from a pipe on the upper end or the upper side wall, reacts with the catalyst in contact with it, and guides the product fluid after the reaction from the pipe on the lower end.
- An upper tray 16 for supplying the reaction fluid uniformly to the catalyst layer is formed on the upper part of the reaction vessel 10.
- a lower tray 17 for preventing the catalyst particles from flowing out of the catalyst layer is formed in the lower part of the reaction vessel 10.
- the lower part of the reaction vessel 10 is fixed and supported in the vertical direction by a base 14.
- the method of supplying the reaction fluid to the reaction vessel 10 may be supplied from the upper tray 16 on the upper side to the catalyst layer, or may be supplied from the lower lower tray 17 to the catalyst layer.
- the upper pipe of the reaction vessel 10 is removed and the opening 12 is formed.
- the particle filling device 20 is installed in the installation hole 16 a of the upper tray 16 provided in the reaction vessel 10.
- Particles such as catalyst are supplied to the particle filling device 20 from the upper hose 18.
- the particle filling device 20 uniformly and evenly disperses particles such as a catalyst in the reaction vessel 10 without destroying the particles, and fills the reaction vessel 10 with particles such as a catalyst.
- the particle filling device 20 is installed in the opening 16a provided in the center of the upper tray 16, but if there is no opening in the center, an opening can be appropriately provided. If there is no upper tray 16, it can be installed in the opening 12.
- the particle filling device 20 can be sequentially installed from the lower tray for filling.
- the hose 18 or the like is introduced through the opening 12 formed by piping at the upper end of the reaction vessel 10.
- the hose 18 or the like is introduced through the opening 13 formed by piping on the upper side surface of the reaction vessel 10. You can also.
- particles other than the catalyst such as grains, minerals, drugs, food, paper, resin chips, wood chips, metal chips, gravel, sand, concrete glass, etc.
- any particles may be sprayed and filled.
- the particle supply device of this embodiment is particularly effective for fragile particles such as catalysts and adsorbents, for example, porous particles.
- the porous particles are suitable for porous particles having a specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g or more and 5000 m 2 / g or less, particularly 150 m 2 / g or more and 1000 m 2 / g or more.
- the particle filling device 20 is installed in the upper tray 16 as shown in FIG.
- the particle filling device 20 is attached to the opening 16 a of the upper tray 16 by the device mount 22.
- the apparatus base 22 is held at a fixed position with respect to the upper tray 16 which is a part of the reaction vessel 10 and functions as a base to which each member of the particle filling apparatus 20 is fixed.
- the apparatus mount 22 is supported by a jig 16b made of an angle, a square pipe, or the like provided at the edge of the opening 16a of the upper tray 16.
- Adjustment bolts 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are provided to adjust the horizontal state when the particle filling device 20 is installed. By adjusting the adjustment bolts 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d as appropriate, the height of the four points on the upper tray 16 is adjusted, and the installation state of the particle filling device 20 is adjusted.
- a spirit level 26 is provided on the upper part of the device mount 22.
- the operator rotates the adjustment bolts 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d while checking with the level 26, and adjusts so that the apparatus mount 22 is horizontal. Thereby, it adjusts so that the installation state of particle filling device 20 may become horizontal.
- the horizontal position of the rotating shaft can be adjusted by moving the installation position of the apparatus base 22 in the opening 16a.
- a horizontal adjustment mechanism (not shown) that is an adjustment function for adjusting the position of the central axis C may be provided so that the position of the central axis C of the particle filling device 20 can be adjusted.
- a round tubular member 28 is provided in the center of the apparatus base 22.
- the round cylindrical tube member 28 is open at the top and bottom.
- a bearing 34 for rotatably attaching a distributor 32 (described later) to the cylindrical member 28 is provided outside the lower portion of the cylindrical member 28.
- the inner diameter of the bearing 34 is larger than the outer shape of the cylindrical member 28.
- bearing 34 for example, a ball bearing is used.
- An inner ring 34 a of the bearing 34 is fixed to the cylindrical member 28, and an outer ring 34 c is fixed to a disk rotating shaft (not shown) of the distributor 32.
- a ball bearing 34b is provided between the inner ring 34a and the outer ring 34c.
- the disc rotation shaft (not shown) of the distributor 32 and the cylindrical member 28 have a larger diameter than the lower end opening of the particle supply unit 40 described later. Therefore, the particles discharged from the particle supply unit 40 are supplied to the distributor 32 without colliding with the wall of the cylindrical member 28.
- the distributor 32 has a function of accommodating particles to be distributed and dispersing the particles from below according to the rotation.
- the distributor 32 has a hollow inside, and the upper cylindrical portion 32a and the lower dome-shaped portion 32b are continuous.
- the entire distributor 32 has a rotationally symmetric shape.
- the dome-shaped portion 32b of the distributor 32 is a uniaxial spheroidal disk. As shown in FIG. 4, the dome-shaped portion 32b is formed with four slits 32c for spraying particles outward. It is preferable that the slits 32c of each strip are continuous long holes in order for the particles 11 to smoothly move on the inner surface of the dome-shaped portion 32.
- the number of the slits 32c may be about 2 to 8, and the slits 32c may be openings such as small holes as long as particles can pass through.
- the four slits 32c have a spiral shape that extends from the center of the dome-shaped portion 32b toward the surrounding four directions.
- the widths of the slits 32c are preferably all the same.
- Each slit 32c is provided with ribs 32d everywhere so as to maintain the shape of the dome-shaped portion 32b.
- the ribs 32 are preferably as thin and thin as possible. The width of each slit 32c may be changed depending on the particle or the container.
- each slit 32c The formation position of the rib 32d in each slit 32c is devised so that the particles 32 are uniformly dispersed when the distributor 32 rotates and particles are dispersed from the slit 32c of the dome-shaped portion 32b.
- the adjacent slits 32c are devised such that the ribs 32d are not formed at the same distance from the center.
- the apparatus base 22 is provided with a motor 36 for rotating the distributor 32.
- the rotational force of the motor 36 is transmitted to the distributor 32 by the transmission mechanism 38.
- the distributor 32 rotatably attached by the bearing 34 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the motor 36.
- the rotational speed of the motor 36 can be arbitrarily changed.
- the motor 36 can be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or the like.
- As the transmission mechanism 38 a mechanism such as a belt or a gear can be used.
- a particle supply unit 40 for supplying particles to be dispersed is provided above the device mount 22. Particles such as a catalyst supplied from the upper hose 18 are supplied to the distributor 32 by the particle supply unit 40.
- the particle supply unit 40 adjusts the supply of particles to the hopper 42 for receiving particles supplied from the upper hose 18, the shutter unit 44 for interrupting and restarting the supply of particles, and the distributor 32. And an orifice 45 for the purpose.
- the shutter portion 44 is provided with a discontinuous portion 46 in which the supplied particles are not restricted by the side wall but can be exposed and viewed from the outside. A shutter plate 50 described later is inserted into the discontinuous portion 46.
- the hopper 42 as a whole has a so-called funnel shape in which the diameter of the opening at the upper end is larger than the diameter of the opening at the lower end.
- the hopper 42 includes a cylindrical upper guide cylinder 42a having a constant diameter, a conical portion 42b having a diameter of the upper end opening larger than that of the lower end opening, and a cylindrical lower guide cylinder 42c having a constant diameter.
- the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the conical portion 42b is the same as the diameter of the upper guide tube 42a, and the diameter of the opening at the lower end of the conical portion 42b is the same as the diameter of the lower guide tube 42c.
- the lower part of the shutter part 44 has a so-called funnel shape in which the diameter of the opening at the upper end is larger than the diameter of the opening at the lower end.
- the shutter portion 44 is continuous from the upper guide tube 44a for supporting the lower guide tube 42c of the hopper 42, the upper guide tube 44a, and has a conical portion 44b whose upper end diameter is larger than that of the lower end opening. It consists of a fixed lower guide tube 44c.
- the orifice 45 as a whole has a so-called funnel shape in which the diameter of the opening at the upper end is larger than the diameter of the opening at the lower end.
- a cylindrical upper guide cylinder 45a having a constant diameter
- a conical portion 45b having a diameter of the upper end opening larger than that of the lower end opening
- a cylindrical lower guide cylinder 45c having a constant diameter.
- the supply speed and supply amount of particles to the distributor 32 can be adjusted.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ of the side wall of the cone-shaped portion 42b of the hopper 42, the cone-shaped portion 44b of the shutter portion 44, and the cone-shaped portion 45b of the orifice 45 whose opening diameter decreases is the repose angle of the particles to be filled.
- the angle of repose ⁇ of the particles is defined as the angle of the inclined surface that keeps the particles stable without collapsing spontaneously when the particles are stacked on a flat plate.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ of the side wall can be designed using the repose angle ⁇ of the particles.
- This angle of repose ⁇ is an inclination that maintains stability without spontaneously collapsing when particles filled with a so-called funnel shape with a conical shape whose upper end opening is sufficiently larger than the lower end opening are discharged from the lower end opening. It is almost equal to the angle of the surface.
- the particles when the particles are supplied by the hopper 42, the particles are not retained by setting the angle ⁇ of the side wall of the conical portion 42b to be larger than the repose angle ⁇ of the particles. It can be prevented from rubbing and destroying each other.
- the breakage of the particles can be prevented by making the inclination angle ⁇ of the side walls of the conical portions 42b, 44b, 45b larger than the repose angle ⁇ of the particles to be filled.
- This angle of repose is an angle determined by the size of the particles and the excessive roundness and shape of the particles.
- the angle of repose of a columnar particle having a four-leaf cross section as a catalyst is about 40 degrees.
- particles other than the catalyst for example, particles such as grains, minerals, drugs, food, paper, resin chips, wood chips, metal chips, gravel, sand, and concrete glass are sprayed and filled. Is possible. Each of these particles has a unique angle of repose.
- the supplied particles are exposed.
- the opening angle of the conical portion 44b of the shutter portion 44 is set so that the particles are stacked to form an angle of repose ⁇ . To decide.
- the upper end of the conical portion 44b of the shutter portion 44 has a wider aperture than the lower end of the hopper 42. Thereby, particles do not spill out from the discontinuous portion 46 of the shutter portion 44.
- the shutter plate 50 When stopping the supply of particles, the shutter plate 50 is inserted into the discontinuous portion 46 of the shutter unit 44.
- the particle filling apparatus is characterized in that the hopper 42, the shutter portion 44, and the orifice 45 are arranged in a straight line with a common central axis C as a center. Further, the hopper 42, the shutter portion 44, the orifice 45, and the distributor 32 are characterized by being rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis C.
- the particles supplied from the hose 18 are supplied to the distributor 32 without colliding with a failure such as a bent portion in the particle supply path and being damaged. Then, the particles are supplied to the center of the distributor 32, and the particles are spread evenly around by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the distributor 32, and are evenly distributed into the reaction vessel 10 through the slits 32 c of the distributor 32.
- a solid line indicates a state where the shutter plate 50 of the shutter mechanism 52 is opened, that is, a state where the supply of particles is not blocked by the shutter plate 50, and the shutter plate 50 of the shutter mechanism 52 is closed by a virtual line. The state where the supply of particles is blocked by the shutter plate 50 is shown.
- a solid line indicates a state where the shutter plate 50 of the shutter mechanism 52 is closed, that is, a state where the supply of particles is blocked by the shutter plate 50.
- FIG. 3 does not show a state where the shutter plate 50 of the shutter mechanism 52 is open, that is, a state where the supply of particles is not blocked by the shutter plate 50.
- the shutter plate 50 is provided with a support arm 54 and a handle 56.
- the support arm 54 is attached so that the shutter plate 50 rotates about the shutter rotation shaft 58.
- the shutter plate 52, the support arm 54, the handle 56, and the shutter rotation shaft 58 constitute a shutter mechanism 52.
- the operator operates the shutter plate 50 with the handle 56.
- the shutter plate 50 When stopping the supply of particles, the shutter plate 50 is pushed downward using the handle 56 and inserted into the supplied particle group. At this time, the particles are stacked to form an angle of repose, so that the particles do not spill out of the discontinuous portion 46.
- the separation distance of the discontinuous portion 46 is sufficiently long compared to the size of the particles, so that the particles are not destroyed by the insertion of the shutter plate 50.
- the distance between the discontinuous portions 46 can be set to be twice or more, particularly 10 times or more the size of the particles.
- the separation distance is desirably 20 times or less the size of the particle.
- the shutter plate 50 When resuming the supply of particles, the shutter plate 50 is pulled up using the handle 56. At this time, the particle group stacked on the shutter plate 50 falls into the conical portion 44b of the lower shutter portion 44 as it is, so that particles do not spill out from the discontinuous portion 46.
- the particles are clogged from the hopper 42 to the shutter portion 44, and the particles are stacked on the inclined surface of the conical portion 44 b of the shutter portion 44. Yes.
- the angle of the surface of the stacked particles is an angle of repose ⁇ that remains stable without spontaneous collapse.
- the supplied particles are exposed.
- the operator uses the handle 56 to push the shutter plate 50 downward.
- the shutter plate 50 is inserted into the particle group from the discontinuous portion 46. Since the particles are stacked to form an angle of repose ⁇ , the particles do not spill out of the discontinuous portion 46.
- the operator When resuming the supply of particles, the operator slowly pulls the shutter plate 50 upward from the state shown in FIG. The shutter plate 50 enters the state shown in FIG. 6A through the state shown in FIG. Also at this time, the particle group stacked on the shutter plate 50 gently falls into the lower shutter portion 44 as it is, and particles do not spill out of the discontinuous portion 46.
- the particle supply can be stopped / restarted by the shutter mechanism without spilling the particles to the outside.
- the position and size of the shutter plate 50 are set so that the particles are wider from the lower end of the hopper 42 than the conical portion 42b that spreads by the angle of repose ⁇ . Thereby, even if the shutter plate 50 is closed, particles do not spill out from the discontinuous portion 46.
- the shutter mechanism 60 of this modification is characterized in that the particle supply path is opened / closed by the shutter plate without providing an obstacle such as the shutter rotation shaft 58 in the particle supply path.
- a solid line indicates a state where the shutter plate 62 of the shutter mechanism 60 is closed, that is, a state where the supply of particles is blocked by the shutter plate 62, and the shutter plate 62 of the shutter mechanism 60 is opened by a virtual line. The state where the supply of particles is blocked by the shutter plate 62 is shown.
- a rectangular shutter plate storage portion 64 is provided on the upper portion of the so-called funnel-shaped cone-shaped portion 44b of the shutter portion 44.
- the shutter plate storage portion 64 is connected to the upper guide tube 44a.
- the shutter plate storage portion 64 is provided with a plurality of guide rods 66a and 66b on both the left and right walls as viewed from the direction in which the shutter plate 62 is inserted.
- the guide rods 66 a and 66 b protrude inward from the shutter plate storage portion 64 and are provided along the insertion line of the shutter plate 62.
- the plurality of guide rods 66 a and 66 b are provided at positions on the upper side and the lower side alternately along the insertion line of the shutter plate 62 so as to support the inserted shutter plate 62.
- the interval between the guide bars 66a and 66b is increased so that the particles do not accumulate on the guide bars 66a and 66b, thereby forming a round bar shape.
- a handle 63 is provided on the shutter plate 62. The operator operates the shutter plate 62 with the handle 63.
- An insertion port 68 for the shutter plate 62 is provided on the right side of the shutter plate storage portion 64 in FIG.
- the insertion opening 68 is provided with a guide 70 for guiding the direction when the shutter plate 62 is inserted.
- a guide 70 having a fixed length in the shape of a groove is formed in the left and right insertion openings 68 when viewed from the shutter plate 62 insertion side of the shutter plate storage portion 64.
- the guide 70 defines the insertion direction of the shutter plate 62.
- the operator When inserting the shutter plate 62 into the shutter plate storage portion 64, the operator holds the handle 63, and when the shutter plate 62 is inserted from the insertion port 68, the insertion direction is defined by the guide 70, and a plurality of guide rods 66a are directly used. , 66b and smoothly inserted into the shutter plate storage portion 64.
- the operator When pulling out the shutter plate 62 from the shutter plate storage portion 64, the operator holds the handle 63 and pulls out the shutter plate 62 from the right side of FIG.
- the shutter plate 62 is guided by the plurality of guide bars 66a and 66b and is smoothly drawn out from the insertion port 68.
- the drawn shutter plate 62 is placed in the vicinity of the particle filling device with a wire (not shown), for example.
- the reaction vessel as the vessel is filled with the catalyst, but the present invention may be applied to the case where the adsorbent is filled in the adsorption tower. Further, the present invention may be applied to the case where the container is a storage silo for storage and the storage silo is filled with particles.
- the reaction vessel was a bottomed cylindrical reaction tower filled with a catalyst inside, but a multitubular reaction vessel provided with a number of tubes and a plurality of stages were provided.
- a multistage reaction vessel may be used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態による粒子充填装置について図1乃至図5を用いて説明する。図1は本実施形態による粒子充填装置を反応容器に設置した状態を示す図であり、図2は本実施形態による粒子充填装置を示す正面図であり、図3は本実施形態による粒子充填装置を示す側面図であり、図4は本実施形態による粒子充填装置の分配器のドーム形状部を示す図である。
図1に示すように、例えば、容器として石油精製用及び石油化学用の反応塔である反応容器10に触媒等の粒子11を散布して充填するための粒子充填装置20が設けられている。
本実施形態による粒子充填装置の詳細を図2乃至図4に示す。
次に、図2及び図3により、シャッター板50を用いて粒子の供給を停止/再開するシャッター機構52について説明する。
次に、図6及び図7を用いて、シャッター機構52を用いて粒子の供給を停止/再開する動作について説明する。
次に、図8により、シャッター板を用いて粒子の供給を停止/再開するシャッター機構の変形例について説明する。
本発明は上記実施形態に限らず種々の変形が可能である。
11…触媒
12…開口
13…開口
14…基礎
16…上部トレイ
16a…開口
16b…治具
17…下部トレイ
18…ホース
20…粒子充填装置
22…装置架台
24a、24b、24c、24d…調整ボルト
26…水準器
28…筒部材
32…分配器
32a…筒形状部
32b…ドーム形状部
32c…スリット
32d…リブ
34…軸受
34a…内輪
34b…ボールベアリング
34c…外輪
36…モータ
38…伝達機構
40…粒子供給部
42…ホッパー
42a…上部ガイド筒
42b…錐形部
42c…下部ガイド筒
44…シャッター部
44a…上部ガイド筒
44b…錐形部
44c…下部ガイド筒
45…オリフィス
45a…上部ガイド筒
45b…錐形部
45c…下部ガイド筒
46…不連続部分
50…シャッター板
52…シャッター機構
54…支持アーム
56…取手
60…シャッター機構
62…シャッター板
63…取手
64…シャッター板収納部
66a、66b…ガイド棒
68…挿入口
70…ガイド
Claims (7)
- 容器の内部に粒子を充填する粒子充填装置であって、
前記容器に対して一定位置に保持されるベースと、
鉛直方向に延びる中心軸に対して回転対称形状であり、粒子を分配する分配器と、
前記ベースに固定され、前記分配器を回転可能に保持する軸受けと、
前記ベースに固定され、前記中心軸に対して回転対称形状であり、前記軸受けの内径よりも小さい下端開口部を有し、前記下端開口部から前記分配器に粒子を供給する粒子供給部と、
前記分配器を回転するモータと
を有することを特徴とする粒子充填装置。 - 前記分配器は、
前記粒子を放出するスリットが形成された一軸回転楕円形状の円盤と、
前記円盤を前記軸受けの回転軸に接続し、前記粒子供給部から前記円盤へ供給される粒子が接触しない形状の円盤回転軸とを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の粒子充填装置。 - 前記粒子供給部の前記下端開口部は、前記円盤回転軸の内径より小さく、
前記粒子供給部の上端開口部は前記下端開口部より大きく、
前記粒子供給部の前記上端開口部と前記下端開口部間の側壁の傾きは、前記粒子の安息角よりも大きい
ことを特徴とする請求項2記載の粒子充填装置。 - 前記粒子供給部の途中に、粒子の供給を遮断するシャッター機構を更に有し、
前記シャッター機構は、
前記粒子供給部の途中に形成された不連続部分であって、前記不連続部分の下端の前記粒子供給部の開口径が、前記不連続部分の上端の前記粒子供給部の開口径よりも大きい不連続部分と、
前記不連続部分に挿入され、粒子の供給経路を開閉するシャッター板とを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の粒子充填装置。 - 前記ベースに、前記中心軸の位置及び/又は角度を調整する調整機構を更に有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の粒子充填装置。 - 容器の内部に粒子を充填する粒子充填装置であって、
鉛直方向に延びた粒子供給部を有し、
前記粒子供給部は、上端に上端開口、下端に下端開口、かつ、途中に粒子の供給を遮断するシャッター機構を有し、
前記シャッター機構は、
前記粒子供給部の途中に形成された不連続部分であって、前記不連続部分の下端の開口径が、前記不連続部分の上端の開口径よりも大きい不連続部分と、
前記不連続部分に挿入され、粒子の供給経路を開閉するシャッター板とを有する
ことを特徴とする粒子充填装置。 - 閉じた状態での前記シャッター板が、前記不連続部分の上端から粒子の安息角で広がる範囲を包含することを特徴とする請求項6記載の粒子充填装置。
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EP16792535.3A EP3210665B1 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2016-04-25 | Particle charging device |
US15/533,396 US10005053B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2016-04-25 | Particle packing apparatus |
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CN108818941A (zh) * | 2018-07-08 | 2018-11-16 | 彭瑞 | 一种用于混凝土粉料的储料装置 |
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KR102151347B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-09-02 | (주)퓨처쉐이퍼스 | 무인 항공기용 입제 살포기 |
CN110208093A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 新密市万力实业发展有限公司 | 旋转式颗粒样品铺置器 |
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JPS61147143U (ja) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-10 | ||
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US10005053B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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JP2016209838A (ja) | 2016-12-15 |
EP3210665B1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
EP3210665A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
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EP3210665A4 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
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