WO2016181758A1 - 伝送路 - Google Patents
伝送路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016181758A1 WO2016181758A1 PCT/JP2016/062088 JP2016062088W WO2016181758A1 WO 2016181758 A1 WO2016181758 A1 WO 2016181758A1 JP 2016062088 W JP2016062088 W JP 2016062088W WO 2016181758 A1 WO2016181758 A1 WO 2016181758A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
- H01P3/081—Microstriplines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
- H04L25/0272—Arrangements for coupling to multiple lines, e.g. for differential transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
- H04L25/0278—Arrangements for impedance matching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/4917—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using multilevel codes
- H04L25/4923—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using multilevel codes using ternary codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0237—High frequency adaptations
- H05K1/025—Impedance arrangements, e.g. impedance matching, reduction of parasitic impedance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a transmission path for transmitting a signal.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a communication system that transmits three differential signals using three transmission paths.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a wiring pattern in a differential transmission path.
- the first transmission line in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first line, a second line, and a third line.
- the second line has a characteristic impedance higher than that of the first line.
- the first transmission path transmits a symbol corresponding to a combination of signals on the first line, the second line, and the third line.
- the second transmission line in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first line, a second line, and a third line.
- the first line is formed in the first layer.
- the second line is formed in the second layer.
- the third line is formed in the first layer.
- the second transmission path transmits symbols according to combinations of signals on the first line, the second line, and the third line.
- the third transmission line includes a first trio line and a second trio line.
- the first trio line includes three lines and transmits a first symbol corresponding to a combination of signals.
- the second trio line includes three lines and transmits a second symbol corresponding to a combination of signals.
- One of the three lines in the second trio line is arranged between two of the three lines in the first trio line.
- a first line, a second line, and a third line are provided, and symbols corresponding to combinations of signals in these lines are transmitted.
- the characteristic impedance of the second line is higher than the characteristic impedance of the first line.
- a first line, a second line, and a third line are provided, and symbols corresponding to combinations of signals in these lines are transmitted.
- the first line and the third line are formed in the first layer, and the second line is formed in the second layer.
- a first trio line and a second trio line are provided.
- the first trio line the first symbol corresponding to the combination of signals in the three lines is transmitted, and in the second trio line, the second symbol according to the combination of signals in the three lines is transmitted. Is done.
- One of the three lines in the second trio line is arranged between two of the three lines in the first trio line.
- the characteristic impedance of the second line is made higher than the characteristic impedance of the first line, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the first line and the third line are formed in the first layer, and the second line is formed in the second layer. Communication quality can be improved.
- one of the three lines in the second trio line is between two lines of the three lines in the first trio line.
- the communication quality can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is explanatory drawing showing the voltage state of the signal which the communication system shown in FIG. 1 transmits / receives. It is explanatory drawing showing the transition of the symbol which the communication system shown in FIG. 1 transmits / receives.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission unit illustrated in FIG. 1.
- 6 is a table illustrating an operation example of the output unit illustrated in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an output unit illustrated in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a driver illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is explanatory drawing showing the voltage state of the signal which the communication system shown in FIG. 1 transmits / receives. It is explanatory drawing showing the transition of the symbol which
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiving unit illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a wave form diagram showing an example of the signal which the communication system shown in FIG. 1 transmits / receives.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a reception operation of the reception unit illustrated in FIG. 8. It is sectional drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a characteristic example of the transmission path illustrated in FIG. 11.
- FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram illustrating another characteristic example of the transmission path illustrated in FIG. 11. It is a characteristic view showing the example of 1 characteristic of the transmission line concerning a comparative example.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the transmission path illustrated in FIG. 19.
- FIG. 21 is a table showing a characteristic example of the transmission path shown in FIG. 20.
- FIG. 20 is a table showing another characteristic example of the transmission path shown in FIG. 19. It is explanatory drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on the other modification of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the communication system which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a transmission line illustrated in FIG. 25. It is sectional drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the communication system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation example of the communication system illustrated in FIG. 28. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the communication system which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation example of the communication system illustrated in FIG. 30. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the communication system which concerns on the other modification of 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation example of the communication system illustrated in FIG. 32. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the communication system which concerns on the other modification of 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation example of the communication system illustrated in FIG. 34.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an external configuration of a smartphone to which a communication system according to an embodiment is applied. It is a block diagram showing the example of 1 structure of the application processor to which the communication system which concerns on one Embodiment was applied. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an image sensor to which a communication system according to an embodiment is applied. It is sectional drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on a modification. It is sectional drawing showing the example of 1 structure of the transmission line which concerns on another modification.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a communication system including a transmission line according to the first embodiment.
- the communication system 1 performs communication using signals having three voltage levels.
- the communication system 1 includes a transmission device 10, a transmission line 100, and a reception device 30.
- the transmission device 10 has three output terminals ToutA, ToutB, and ToutC
- the transmission line 100 has lines 110A, 110B, and 110C
- the reception device 30 has three input terminals TinA, TinB, and TinC. is doing.
- the output terminal ToutA of the transmission device 10 and the input terminal TinA of the reception device 30 are connected to each other via a line 110A
- the output terminal ToutB of the transmission device 10 and the input terminal TinB of the reception device 30 are connected via a line 110B.
- the output terminal ToutC of the transmission device 10 and the input terminal TinC of the reception device 30 are connected to each other via a line 110C.
- the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A to 110C is about 50 [ ⁇ ] in this example.
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B is set higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C. Thereby, in the communication system 1, communication quality can be improved as will be described later.
- the transmitter 10 outputs a signal SIGA from the output terminal ToutA, outputs a signal SIGB from the output terminal ToutB, and outputs a signal SIGC from the output terminal ToutC.
- the receiving device 30 receives the signal SIGA via the input terminal TinA, receives the signal SIGB via the input terminal TinB, and receives the signal SIGC via the input terminal TinC.
- Signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC each transition between three voltage levels (high level voltage VH, medium level voltage VM, and low level voltage VL).
- FIG. 2 shows voltage states of the signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC.
- the transmission apparatus 10 transmits six symbols “+ x”, “ ⁇ x”, “+ y”, “ ⁇ y”, “+ z”, and “ ⁇ z” using three signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC. For example, when transmitting the symbol “+ x”, the transmission apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the high level voltage VH, the signal SIGB to the low level voltage VL, and the signal SIGC to the medium level voltage VM. When transmitting the symbol “ ⁇ x”, the transmitting apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the low level voltage VL, the signal SIGB to the high level voltage VH, and the signal SIGC to the medium level voltage VM.
- the transmitting apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the medium level voltage VM, the signal SIGB to the high level voltage VH, and the signal SIGC to the low level voltage VL.
- the transmitting apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the medium level voltage VM, the signal SIGB to the low level voltage VL, and the signal SIGC to the high level voltage VH.
- the transmitting apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the low level voltage VL, the signal SIGB to the medium level voltage VM, and the signal SIGC to the high level voltage VH.
- the transmission apparatus 10 sets the signal SIGA to the high level voltage VH, the signal SIGB to the medium level voltage VM, and the signal SIGC to the low level voltage VL.
- the transmission path 100 transmits a symbol sequence using such signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC.
- the line 110A conveys the signal SIGA
- the line 110B conveys the signal SIGB
- the line 110C conveys the signal SIGC, thereby conveying the symbol sequence. That is, the three lines 110A, 110B, and 110C function as one trio line that conveys a sequence of symbols.
- the transmission device 10 includes a clock generation unit 11, a processing unit 12, and a transmission unit 20.
- the clock generation unit 11 generates a clock signal TxCK.
- the frequency of the clock signal TxCK is, for example, 2.5 [GHz].
- the clock generation unit 11 includes, for example, a PLL (Phase (Locked Loop), and generates a clock signal TxCK based on a reference clock (not shown) supplied from the outside of the transmission device 10, for example.
- the clock generation unit 11 supplies the clock signal TxCK to the processing unit 12 and the transmission unit 20.
- the processing unit 12 generates transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, TxR0 to TxR6, TxP0 to TxP6 by performing predetermined processing.
- a set of transition signals TxF0, TxR0, and TxP0 indicate symbol transitions in a sequence of symbols transmitted by the transmission apparatus 10.
- a set of transition signals TxF1, TxR1, and TxP1 indicate symbol transitions
- a set of transition signals TxF2, TxR2, and TxP2 indicate symbol transitions
- a set of transition signals TxF3, TxR3, and TxP3 indicate symbol transitions.
- a transition is indicated, a set of transition signals TxF4, TxR4, TxP4 indicates a symbol transition, a set of transition signals TxF5, TxR5, TxP5 indicates a symbol transition, and a set of transition signals TxF6, TxR6, TxP6 is a symbol It shows the transition. That is, the processing unit 12 generates seven sets of transition signals.
- the transition signal TxF is appropriately used to represent any one of the transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, and the transition signal TxR is appropriately used to represent any one of the transition signals TxR0 to TxR6.
- a transition signal TxP is used as appropriate to represent any one of TxP0 to TxP6.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the transition signals TxF, TxR, TxP and symbol transitions.
- the three-digit numerical value attached to each transition indicates the values of the transition signals TxF, TxR, and TxP in this order.
- the transition signal TxF (Flip) causes a symbol to transition between “+ x” and “ ⁇ x”, a symbol to transition between “+ y” and “ ⁇ y”, and “+ z” and “ ⁇ z”.
- the symbol is transitioned between. Specifically, when the transition signal TxF is “1”, the transition is performed so as to change the polarity of the symbol (for example, from “+ x” to “ ⁇ x”), and the transition signal TxF is “0”. In such a case, such a transition is not performed.
- the transition signals TxR (Rotation) and TxP (Polarity) are between “+ x” and other than “ ⁇ x” and between “+ y” and other than “ ⁇ y” when the transition signal TxF is “0”. , Symbol transition between “+ z” and other than “ ⁇ z”. Specifically, when the transition signals TxR and TxP are “1” and “0”, transition is made clockwise (for example, from “+ x” to “+ y”) in FIG. 3 while maintaining the polarity of the symbol. When the transition signals TxR and TxP are “1” and “1”, the polarity of the symbol is changed, and the transition is made clockwise (for example, from “+ x” to “ ⁇ y”) in FIG.
- transition signals TxR and TxP are “0” and “0”, the transition is made counterclockwise in FIG. 3 (for example, from “+ x” to “+ z”) while maintaining the polarity of the symbol.
- the signals TxR and TxP are “0” and “1”, the polarity of the symbol is changed, and a transition is made counterclockwise in FIG. 3 (for example, from “+ x” to “ ⁇ z”).
- the processing unit 12 generates seven sets of such transition signals TxF, TxR, and TxP. Then, the processing unit 12 supplies the seven sets of transition signals TxF, TxR, TxP (transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, TxR0 to TxR6, TxP0 to TxP6) to the transmission unit 20.
- the transmission unit 20 generates signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC based on the transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, TxR0 to TxR6, and TxP0 to TxP6.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a configuration example of the transmission unit 20.
- the transmission unit 20 includes serializers 21 to 23, a transmission symbol generation unit 24, and an output unit 27.
- the serializer 21 serializes the transition signals TxF0 to TxF6 in this order based on the transition signals TxF0 to TxF6 and the clock signal TxCK to generate the transition signal TxF9.
- the serializer 22 serializes the transition signals TxR0 to TxR6 in this order based on the transition signals TxR0 to TxR6 and the clock signal TxCK to generate the transition signal TxR9.
- the serializer 23 serializes the transition signals TxP0 to TxP6 in this order based on the transition signals TxP0 to TxP6 and the clock signal TxCK to generate the transition signal TxP9.
- the transmission symbol generator 24 generates symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, Tx3 based on the transition signals TxF9, TxR9, TxP9 and the clock signal TxCK.
- the transmission symbol generator 24 includes a signal generator 25 and a flip-flop 26.
- the signal generator 25 generates symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, Tx3 based on the transition signals TxF9, TxR9, TxP9 and the symbol signals D1, D2, D3. Specifically, the signal generation unit 25 performs the post-transition as shown in FIG. 3 based on the symbols (pre-transition symbols) indicated by the symbol signals D1, D2, and D3 and the transition signals TxF9, TxR9, and TxP9. Are obtained and output as symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, Tx3.
- the flip-flop 26 samples the symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 based on the clock signal TxCK, and outputs the sampling results as symbol signals D1, D2, and D3, respectively.
- the output unit 27 generates signals SIGA, SIGB, SIGC based on the symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, Tx3 and the clock signal TxCK.
- FIG. 5 shows an operation example of the output unit 27.
- the output unit 27 sets the signal SIGA to the high level voltage VH and the signal SIGB to the low level voltage VL.
- the signal SIGC is set to the medium level voltage VM. That is, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “+ x”.
- the signal SIGA is set to the low level voltage VL
- the signal SIGB is set to the high level voltage VH
- the signal SIGC is set. Is set to the medium level voltage VM. That is, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “ ⁇ x”.
- the signal SIGA is set to the medium level voltage VM
- the signal SIGB is set to the high level voltage VH
- the signal SIGC is set. Is set to the low level voltage VL. That is, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “+ y”.
- the signal SIGA is set to the medium level voltage VM
- the signal SIGB is set to the low level voltage VL
- the signal SIGC is set. Is set to the high level voltage VH. That is, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “ ⁇ y”.
- the signal SIGA is set to the low level voltage VL
- the signal SIGB is set to the medium level voltage VM
- the signal SIGC is set. Is set to the high level voltage VH. That is, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “+ z”.
- the signal SIGA is set to the high level voltage VH
- the signal SIGB is set to the medium level voltage VM
- the signal SIGC is set. Is set to the low level voltage VL. In other words, the output unit 27 generates the symbol “ ⁇ z”.
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the output unit 27.
- the output unit 27 includes a driver control unit 28 and driver units 29A, 29B, and 29C.
- the driver control unit 28 generates control signals PU1A to PU5A, PD1A to PD5A, PU1B to PU5B, PD1B to PD5B, PU1C to PU5C, and PD1C to PD5C based on the symbol signals Tx1, Tx2, Tx3 and the clock signal TxCK. It is.
- the driver control unit 28 supplies the control signals PU1A to PU5A, PD1A to PD5A to the driver unit 29A, supplies the control signals PU1B to PU5B, PD1B to PD5B to the driver unit 29B, and controls the control signals PU1C to PU5C, PD1C to The PD 5C is supplied to the driver unit 29C.
- the driver unit 29A generates the signal SIGA based on the control signals PU1A to PU5A, PD1A to PD5A.
- the driver unit 29A has five drivers 291A to 295A.
- the drivers 291A to 295A set the voltage of the output terminal ToutA based on the signal supplied to the positive input terminal and the signal supplied to the negative input terminal.
- the control signal PU1A is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 291A, the control signal PD1A is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutA of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the control signal PU2A is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 292A, the control signal PD2A is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutA of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the control signal PU3A is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 293A, the control signal PD3A is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutA of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the control signal PU4A is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 294A, the control signal PD4A is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutA of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the control signal PU5A is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 295A, the control signal PD5A is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutA of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the output terminals of the drivers 291A to 295A are connected to each other and to the output terminal ToutA.
- the driver unit 29B generates a signal SIGB based on the control signals PU1B to PU5B and PD1B to PD5B.
- the driver unit 29B has five drivers 291B to 295B.
- a signal PU1B is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 291B
- a signal PD1B is supplied to the negative input terminal
- an output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutB of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the output terminals of the drivers 291B to 295B are connected to each other and to the output terminal ToutB.
- the driver unit 29C generates a signal SIGC based on the control signals PU1C to PU5C and PD1C to PD5C.
- the driver unit 29C has five drivers 291C to 295C.
- a signal PU1C is supplied to the positive input terminal of the driver 291C
- a signal PD1C is supplied to the negative input terminal
- an output terminal is connected to the output terminal ToutC of the transmission apparatus 10.
- the output terminals of the drivers 291C to 295C are connected to each other and to the output terminal ToutC.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of the driver 291A.
- the driver 291A includes transistors 91 and 94 and resistance elements 92 and 93.
- the transistors 91 and 94 are N-channel MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) type FETs (Field Effect Transistors).
- the gate of the transistor 91 corresponds to the positive input terminal of the driver 291 ⁇ / b> A, is supplied with the control signal PU ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ / b> A, is supplied with the voltage V ⁇ b> 1, and has a source connected to one end of the resistance element 92.
- the gate of the transistor 94 corresponds to the negative input terminal of the driver 291A, is supplied with the control signal PD1A, the drain is connected to one end of the resistance element 93, and the source is grounded.
- One end of the resistance element 92 is connected to the source of the transistor 91, and the other end is connected to the other end of the resistance element 93 and the output terminal ToutA of the transmission device 10.
- One end of the resistance element 93 is connected to the drain of the transistor 94, and the other end is connected to the other end of the resistance element 92 and the output terminal ToutA of the transmission device 10.
- the sum of the ON resistance of the transistor 91 and the resistance value of the resistance element 92 is about 200 [ ⁇ ].
- the sum of the ON resistance of the transistor 94 and the resistance value of the resistance element 93 is , About 200 [ ⁇ ].
- the driver control unit 28 uses the control signals PU1A to PU5A and PD1A to PD5A to change the voltage of the output terminal ToutA into three voltages (a high level voltage VH, a low level voltage VL, and an intermediate level voltage VM). Set to one of these. Specifically, for example, when the voltage of the output terminal ToutA is set to the high level voltage VH, for example, four of the control signals PU1A to PU5A are set to “1”, the remaining one and the control signals PD1A to PD5A is set to “0”. As a result, in the driver unit 29A, the four transistors 91 whose gates are supplied with “1” are turned on.
- the signal SIGA becomes the high level voltage VH, and the output termination resistance of the driver unit 29A becomes about 50 [ ⁇ ].
- the voltage of the output terminal ToutA is set to the low level voltage VL
- four of the control signals PD1A to PD5A are set to “1”, and the remaining one and the control signals PU1A to PU5A are set to “1”. Set to 0 ”.
- the four transistors 94 whose gates are supplied with “1” are turned on.
- the signal SIGA becomes the low level voltage VL, and the output termination resistance of the driver unit 29A becomes about 50 [ ⁇ ].
- the driver control unit 28 uses the control signals PU1A to PU5A and PD1A to PD5A to set the voltage at the output terminal ToutA to one of the three voltages.
- the reception device 30 includes a reception unit 40 and a processing unit 32.
- the receiving unit 40 receives the signals SIGA, SIGB, SIGC, and generates transition signals RxF, RxR, RxP and a clock signal RxCK based on the signals SIGA, SIGB, SIGC.
- FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of the receiving unit 40.
- the receiving unit 40 includes resistance elements 41A, 41B, and 41C, amplifiers 42A, 42B, and 42C, a clock generation unit 43, flip-flops 44 and 45, and a signal generation unit 46.
- the resistance elements 41A, 41B, and 41C function as termination resistors in the communication system 1.
- One end of the resistance element 41A is connected to the input terminal TinA and the signal SIGA is supplied, and the other end is connected to the other ends of the resistance elements 41B and 41C.
- One end of the resistance element 41B is connected to the input terminal TinB and the signal SIGB is supplied, and the other end is connected to the other ends of the resistance elements 41A and 41C.
- One end of the resistance element 41C is connected to the input terminal TinC and the signal SIGC is supplied, and the other end is connected to the other ends of the resistance elements 41A and 41B.
- the amplifiers 42A, 42B, and 42C each output a signal corresponding to the difference between the signal at the positive input terminal and the signal at the negative input terminal.
- the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42A is connected to the negative input terminal of the amplifier 42C and one end of the resistance element 41A and the signal SIGA is supplied, and the negative input terminal is connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42B and one end of the resistance element 41B.
- a signal SIGB is supplied.
- the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42B is connected to the negative input terminal of the amplifier 42A and one end of the resistance element 41B and the signal SIGB is supplied, and the negative input terminal is connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42C and one end of the resistance element 41C.
- a signal SIGC is supplied.
- the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42C is connected to the negative input terminal of the amplifier 42B and one end of the resistance element 41C, and the signal SIGC is supplied, and the negative input terminal is connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42A and the resistance element 41A. At the same time, the signal SIGA is supplied.
- the amplifier 42A outputs a signal corresponding to the difference AB (SIGA-SIGB) between the signal SIGA and the signal SIGB, and the amplifier 42B corresponds to the difference BC (SIGB-SIGC) between the signal SIGB and the signal SIGC.
- the amplifier 42C outputs a signal corresponding to the difference CA (SIGC-SIGA) between the signal SIGC and the signal SIGA.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of signals SIGA to SIGC received by the receiving unit 40.
- the receiving unit 40 receives six symbols “+ x”, “ ⁇ y”, “ ⁇ z”, “+ z”, “+ y”, and “ ⁇ x” in this order.
- the voltage of the signal SIGA changes as VH, VM, VH, VL, VM, and VL
- the voltage of the signal SIGB changes as VL, VL, VM, VM, VH, and VH.
- the SIGC voltage changes like VM, VH, VL, VH, VL, VM.
- the differences AB, BC, CA also change.
- the difference AB changes as + 2 ⁇ V, + ⁇ V, + ⁇ V, ⁇ V, ⁇ V, ⁇ V, ⁇ V, ⁇ V
- the difference BC changes as ⁇ V, ⁇ 2 ⁇ V, + ⁇ V, ⁇ V, + 2 ⁇ V, + ⁇ V
- the difference CA changes like - ⁇ V, + ⁇ V, -2 ⁇ V, + 2 ⁇ V, - ⁇ V, + ⁇ V.
- ⁇ V is a difference between two adjacent voltages among the three voltages (high level voltage VH, medium level voltage VM, and low level voltage VL).
- FIG. 10 illustrates an operation example of the amplifiers 42A, 42B, and 42C when the reception unit receives the symbol “+ x”.
- the voltage of the signal SIGA is the high level voltage VH
- the voltage of the signal SIGB is the low level voltage VL
- the voltage of the signal SIGC is the medium level voltage VM.
- the current Iin flows in the order of the input terminal TinA, the resistance element 41A, the resistance element 41B, and the input terminal TinB. Since the high level voltage VH is supplied to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42A and the low level voltage VL is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the difference AB becomes positive, the amplifier 42A outputs “1”.
- the low level voltage VL is supplied to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42B and the intermediate level voltage VM is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the difference BC becomes negative. Therefore, the amplifier 42B outputs “0”. Further, since the intermediate level voltage VM is supplied to the positive input terminal of the amplifier 42C and the high level voltage VH is supplied to the negative input terminal, and the difference CA becomes negative, the amplifier 42C outputs “0”. It has become.
- the clock generation unit 43 generates the clock signal RxCK based on the output signals of the amplifiers 42A, 42B, and 42C.
- the flip-flop 44 delays the output signals of the amplifiers 42A, 42B, and 42C by one clock of the clock signal RxCK and outputs the delayed signals.
- the flip-flop 45 delays the three output signals of the flip-flop 44 by one clock of the clock signal RxCK and outputs the delayed signals.
- the signal generator 46 generates transition signals RxF, RxR, and RxP based on the output signals of the flip-flops 44 and 45 and the clock signal RxCK.
- the transition signals RxF, RxR, and RxP correspond to the transition signals TxF9, TxR9, and TxP9 in the transmission apparatus 10, respectively, and represent symbol transitions.
- the signal generator 46 identifies the transition of the symbol (FIG. 3) based on the symbol indicated by the output signal of the flip-flop 44 and the symbol indicated by the output signal of the flip-flop 45, and generates the transition signals RxF, RxR, RxP. It is supposed to be.
- the processing unit 32 (FIG. 1) performs predetermined processing based on the transition signals RxF, RxR, RxP and the clock signal RxCK.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration example of the transmission line 100.
- the transmission line 100 is configured by a so-called strip line.
- the transmission line 100 includes a conductive layer 101, a dielectric layer 102, and a conductive layer 103 in addition to the lines 110A to 110C.
- the conductive layers 101 and 103 are made of, for example, metal, and are grounded in this example.
- the dielectric layer 102 is composed of a dielectric.
- the relative dielectric constant Er of the dielectric layer 102 is “4.3” in this example.
- the conductive layer 101, the dielectric layer 102, and the conductive layer 103 are laminated in this order.
- the lines 110 ⁇ / b> A, 110 ⁇ / b> B, and 110 ⁇ / b> C are provided in the dielectric layer 102 at a distance d ⁇ b> 1 from the conductive layer 101 and at a distance d ⁇ b> 2 from the conductive layer 103.
- the distance d1 is 0.06 [mm] in this example
- the distance d2 is 0.1 [mm] in this example.
- the lines 110A, 110B, and 110C are formed with widths WA, WB, and WC, and are arranged in parallel in this order at intervals P.
- the widths WA, WB, and WC are 0.05 [mm] in this example, and the interval P is 0.075 [mm] in this example.
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B is higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C.
- the resistance value of the line 110B can be made higher than the resistance values of the lines 110A and 110C.
- the line 110B may be formed using a material having a high resistivity. Further, the resistance value of the line 110B may be increased by mixing impurities in the line 110B. Thereby, in the communication system 1, communication quality can be improved as will be described later.
- the line 110A corresponds to a specific example of the “first line” of the first transmission path in the present disclosure
- the line 110B is the “second line” of the first transmission path in the present disclosure
- the line 110 ⁇ / b> C corresponds to a specific example of “third line” of the first transmission path in the present disclosure.
- the clock generation unit 11 of the transmission device 10 generates a clock signal TxCK.
- the processing unit 12 generates transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, TxR0 to TxR6, TxP0 to TxP6 by performing predetermined processing.
- the transmission unit 20 generates signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC based on the transition signals TxF0 to TxF6, TxR0 to TxR6, and TxP0 to TxP6.
- the transmission line 100 transmits signals SIGA, SIGB, and SIGC.
- the receiving unit 40 of the receiving device 30 receives the signals SIGA, SIGB, SIGC, and generates transition signals RxF, RxR, RxP and a clock signal RxCK based on the signals SIGA, SIGB, SIGC.
- the processing unit 32 performs predetermined processing based on the transition signals RxF, RxR, RxP and the clock signal RxCK.
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B is higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C. Thereby, in the communication system 1, communication quality can be improved. This will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic in the transmission line 100.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency
- the vertical axis indicates the S parameter Sdd21.
- a characteristic WAC1 indicates a differential insertion loss characteristic of the lines 110A and 110C
- a characteristic WAB1 indicates a differential insertion loss characteristic of the lines 110A and 110B.
- the differential insertion loss characteristics of the lines 110B and 110C are substantially the same as the differential insertion loss characteristics (characteristic WAB1) of the lines 110A and 110B.
- the differential insertion loss characteristic (characteristic WAB1) of the lines 110A and 110B and the differential insertion loss characteristic (characteristic WAC1) of the lines 110A and 110C are compared with each other as compared to the comparative example described later. While being able to approach, differential insertion loss can be reduced.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of differential reflection characteristics in the transmission line 100.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 13 indicates the frequency, and the vertical axis indicates the S parameter Sdd11.
- a characteristic WAC2 indicates the differential reflection characteristic of the lines 110A and 110C
- a characteristic WAB2 indicates the differential reflection characteristic of the lines 110A and 110B.
- the differential reflection characteristics of the lines 110B and 110C are substantially the same as the differential reflection characteristics of the lines 110A and 110B.
- the differential reflection characteristic (characteristic WAB2) of the lines 110A and 110B can be improved as compared with the case of the comparative example described later.
- the transmission line 100R has lines 110RA, 110RB, and 110RC as in the case of the present embodiment (FIG. 11).
- the characteristic impedances of the lines 110RA, 110RB, and 110RC are equal to each other.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic in the transmission line 100R.
- a characteristic WAC3 indicates a differential insertion loss characteristic of the lines 110RA and 110RC
- a characteristic WAB3 indicates a differential insertion loss characteristic of the lines 110RA and 110RB.
- the differential insertion loss characteristic (characteristic WAB3) of the lines 110RA and 110RB and the differential insertion of the lines 110RA and 110RC are compared with the case of the transmission line 100 according to the present embodiment (FIG. 12).
- the difference from the loss characteristic (characteristic WAC3) is slightly larger.
- the value of the S parameter Sdd21 is lower than that in the case of the transmission line 100 (FIG. 12). That is, the differential insertion loss is larger in the transmission line 100R than in the transmission line 100.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of the differential reflection characteristic in the transmission line 100R.
- a characteristic WAC4 indicates the differential reflection characteristic of the lines 110RA and 110RC
- a characteristic WAB4 indicates the differential reflection characteristic of the lines 110RA and 110RB.
- the value of the S parameter Sdd11 of the lines 110RA and 110RB is higher than that in the case of the transmission line 100 according to the present embodiment (FIG. 13). That is, in the transmission line 100RA, the differential reflection characteristics (characteristic WAB4) of the lines 110RA and 110RB are deteriorated as compared with the transmission line 100.
- the distances between the lines are different from each other.
- the distance between the line 110RA and the line 110RB is shorter than the distance between the line 110RA and the line 110RC.
- the distance between the line 110RB and the line 110RC is shorter than the distance between the line 110RA and the line 110RC. Therefore, when the characteristic impedances of the lines 110RA, 110RB, and 110RC are equal to each other, the difference between the differential impedance of the lines 110RA and 110RC and the differential impedance of the lines 110RA and 110RB is increased.
- the differential insertion loss characteristic (characteristic WAB3) of the lines 110RA and 110RB is compared with the differential insertion loss characteristic (characteristic WAC3) of the lines 110RA and 110RC.
- the differential reflection characteristics (characteristic WAB4) of the lines 110RA and 110RB are deteriorated. In such a case, the eye opening of the differential signal is narrowed, and the communication quality may be deteriorated.
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B is made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C, so the difference between the differential impedance of the lines 110A and 110B and the line 110B and 110C.
- the dynamic impedance and the differential impedance of the lines 110A and 110C can be made close to each other.
- the symmetry of the differential impedance can be increased in this way, so that the differential insertion loss can be reduced as shown in FIG. 12, and as shown in FIG.
- the differential reflection characteristics (characteristic WAB2) of the lines 110A and 110B can be improved. As a result, the eye opening of the differential signal can be widened, and the communication quality can be improved.
- the characteristic impedance of the central line among the three lines is set higher than the characteristic impedance of the other lines, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the resistance value of the line 110B is set higher than the resistance values of the lines 110A and 110C.
- the lines 110A and 110C may be formed using a material having a low resistivity. Even in this case, the characteristic impedance of the line 110B can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the resistance value of the line 110B is set higher than the resistance values of the lines 110A and 110C, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the dielectric constant in the vicinity WP of the line 110B in the dielectric layer 102 may be lowered.
- the dielectric constant in the vicinity of the line 110A in the dielectric layer 102 may be increased, and the dielectric constant in the vicinity of the line 110C in the dielectric layer 102 may be increased.
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the width WA of the line 110A, the width WB of the line 110B, and the width WC of the line 110C are equal to each other, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the width WB of the center line (line 110B2) of the three lines is made narrower than the widths WA and WC of the other lines as in the transmission line 100C shown in FIG. Also good.
- the width WB is 0.03 [mm]
- the widths WA and WC are 0.05 [mm].
- the interval P is 0.085 [mm].
- the characteristic impedance of the line 110B2 can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 110A and 110C, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the conductive layers 101 and 103 cover the three lines 110A, 110B, and 110C.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the transmission shown in FIG. the conductive layer 103 may be formed in a region facing the line 110A and a region facing the line 110C, and a conductive layer may not be formed in a region facing the line 110B.
- the width W0 of the region where the conductive layer is not formed facing the line 110B can be set to 0.1 [mm], for example.
- the transmission device 10 is provided with one transmission unit 20 and the reception device 30 is provided with one reception unit 40.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the transmission device includes a plurality of transmission units. A plurality of receiving units may be provided in the receiving device.
- the communication system 1E according to the present modification will be described in detail.
- FIG. 19 shows a configuration example of the communication system 1E.
- the communication system 1E includes a transmission device 10E, a transmission line 100E, and a reception device 30E.
- the transmission apparatus 10E includes a processing unit 12E and three transmission units 201 to 203.
- the processing unit 12E performs a predetermined process to perform transition signals TxF10 to TxF16, TxR10 to TxR16, TxP10 to TxP16, TxF20 to TxF26, TxR20 to TxR26, TxP20 to TxP26, TxF30 to TxF36, TxR30 to TxR36, TxR30 to TxR36, TxR30 to TxR36, TxR30 to TxR36, Is generated.
- the transmission unit 201 generates the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1 based on the transition signals TxF10 to TxF16, TxR10 to TxR16, and TxP10 to TxP16, similar to the transmission unit 20 according to the above embodiment.
- the transmission unit 202 generates signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2 based on the transition signals TxF20 to TxF26, TxR20 to TxR26, and TxP20 to TxP26, similarly to the transmission unit 20 according to the above embodiment.
- the transmission unit 203 generates the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 based on the transition signals TxF30 to TxF36, TxR30 to TxR36, and TxP30 to TxP36, similarly to the transmission unit 20 according to the above embodiment.
- the transmission line 100E includes lines 110A1, 110B1, and 110C1, lines 110A2, 110B2, and 110C2, and lines 110A3, 110B3, and 110C3.
- the line 110A1 transmits the signal SIGA1, the line 110B1 transmits the signal SIGB1, and the line 110C1 transmits the signal SIGC1. That is, the lines 110A1, 110B1, and 110C1 constitute one trio line.
- the line 110A2 conveys the signal SIGA2
- the line 110B2 conveys the signal SIGB2
- the line 110C2 conveys the signal SIGC2. That is, the lines 110A2, 110B2, and 110C2 constitute one trio line.
- Line 110A3 conveys signal SIGA3, line 110B3 conveys signal SIGB3, and line 110C3 conveys signal SIGC3. That is, the lines 110A3, 110B3, and 110C3 constitute one trio line.
- the receiving device 30E includes three receiving units 401 to 403 and a processing unit 32E.
- the receiving unit 401 generates the transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1 and the clock signal RxCK1 based on the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1, similarly to the receiving unit 40 according to the above embodiment.
- the receiving unit 402 generates transition signals RxF2, RxR2, RxP2 and a clock signal RxCK2 based on the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2.
- the receiving unit 403 generates transition signals RxF3, RxR3, RxP3 and a clock signal RxCK3 based on the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3.
- the processing unit 32E performs predetermined processing based on the transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1, the clock signal RxCK1, the transition signals RxF2, RxR2, RxP2, the clock signal RxCK2, the transition signals RxF3, RxR3, RxP3, and the clock signal RxCK3. Is to do.
- FIG. 20 shows a configuration example of the transmission line 100E.
- the lines 110A1, 110B1, 110C1, 110A2, 110B2, 110C2, 110A3, 110B3, and 110C3 are separated by the interval P in the dielectric layer 102 as in the transmission line 100 (FIG. 11) according to the above embodiment.
- the width WA1 of the line 110A1, the width WC1 of the line 110C1, the width WB2 of the line 110B2, the width WA3 of the line 110A3, and the width WC3 of the line 110C3 are, for example, 0.03 [mm].
- the width WB1 of the line 110B1, the width WA2 of the line 110A2, the width WC2 of the line 110C2, and the width WB3 of the line 110B3 are, for example, 0.05 [mm].
- the interval P is, for example, 0.085 [mm].
- FIG. 21 shows an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic relating to the lines 110A1, 110B1, and 110C1.
- Each numerical value in the row of “line 110A1 / line 110B1” indicates the value of the S parameter Sdd21 of the lines 110A1 and 110B1.
- each value in the row of “line 110B1 / line 110C1” indicates the value of the S parameter Sdd21 of the lines 110B1 and 110C1
- each value in the row of “line 110A1 / line 110C1” is the S value of the lines 110A1 and 110C1.
- the value of the parameter Sdd21 is shown.
- the value in the parenthesis represents an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic when the widths of all the lines are equal to each other. In this comparative example, the width of all lines is set to 0.05 [mm] and the interval is set to 0.075 [mm].
- FIG. 21 shows an example of the differential insertion loss characteristics related to the lines 110A1, 110B1, and 110C1, but the differential insertion loss characteristics related to the lines 110A3, 110B3, and 110C3 are the same.
- FIG. 22 shows an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic relating to the lines 110A2, 110B2, and 110C2.
- Each numerical value in the row “line 110A2 / line 110B2” indicates the value of the S parameter Sdd21 of the lines 110A2 and 110B2.
- each numerical value in the line “line 110B2 / line 110C2” indicates the value of the S parameter Sdd21 of the lines 110B2 and 110C2
- each numerical value in the line “line 110A2 / line 110C2” is the S value of the lines 110A2 and 110C2.
- the value of the parameter Sdd21 is shown.
- the value in parentheses represents an example of the differential insertion loss characteristic when the widths of all lines are equal to each other, as in FIG.
- the differential insertion loss can be improved by, for example, about 0.3 to 0.5 dB at 2.5 [GHz].
- communication quality can be improved.
- the communication system 1F includes a transmission line 160F.
- the transmission line 160F includes lines 170A1, 170B1, and 170C1, lines 170A2, 170B2, and 170C2, and lines 170A3, 170B3, and 170C3.
- FIG. 23 shows a configuration example of the transmission line 160F.
- lines 170A1, 170B1, and 170C1 are formed in different layers in this order in the dielectric layer 102.
- the line 170A1 and the line 170B1 are arranged to face each other, and the line 170B1 and the line 170C1 are arranged to face each other.
- lines 170A2, 170B2, and 170C2 are formed in different layers in this order in the dielectric layer 102.
- the line 170A2 and the line 170B2 are arranged to face each other, and the line 170B2 and the line 170C2 are arranged to face each other.
- lines 170A3, 170B3, and 170C3 are formed in different layers in this order in the dielectric layer 102.
- the line 170A3 and the line 170B3 are disposed to face each other, and the line 170B3 and the line 170C3 are disposed to face each other.
- the lines 170A1, 170A2, and 170A3 are formed in the same layer, the lines 170B1, 170B2, and 170B3 are formed in the same layer, and the lines 170C1, 170C2, and 170C3 are formed in the same layer.
- the transmission line 160F three lines constituting one trio line are arranged in different layers.
- the line 170B1 is disposed at a position away from both the conductive layer 101 and the conductive layer 103.
- the line 170B2 is different from the lines 170A2 and C2, and is disposed at a position away from both the conductive layer 101 and the conductive layer 103.
- the line 170B3 is different from the lines 170A3 and C3, and is different from the conductive layers 101 and 103. It is arrange
- the characteristic impedance of the line 170B1 can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 170A1 and 170C1
- the characteristic impedance of the line 170B2 can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 170A2 and 170C2
- the line 170B3 The characteristic impedance can be made higher than the characteristic impedance of the lines 170A3 and 170C3.
- communication quality can be improved in the communication system 1F.
- the communication system 2 includes a transmission path 120.
- the transmission line 120 has lines 130A, 130B, and 130C.
- the characteristic impedances of the lines 130A, 130B, and 130C are substantially equal to each other.
- FIG. 24 shows a configuration example of the transmission path 120.
- the lines 130 ⁇ / b> A and 130 ⁇ / b> C are provided at a distance d ⁇ b> 11 from the conductive layer 101 in the dielectric layer 102.
- the line 130 ⁇ / b> B is provided in the dielectric layer 102 at a distance d ⁇ b> 13 from the conductive layer 103.
- the layer in which the lines 130A and 130C are formed and the layer in which the line 130B is formed are separated by a distance d12. That is, the line 110B is provided in a different layer from the lines 110A and 110C.
- the distance d11 is 0.06 [mm]
- the distance d12 is 0.06 [mm]
- the distance d13 is 0.06 [mm].
- the width WA of the line 130A, the width WB of the line 130B, and the width WC of the line 130C are 0.05 [mm].
- the interval P between the lines 130A, 130B, and 130C in the plane of the transmission line 120 is 0.025 [mm] in this example.
- the line 130A corresponds to a specific example of the “first line” of the second transmission path in the present disclosure
- the line 130B is the “second line” of the second transmission path in the present disclosure
- the line 130 ⁇ / b> C corresponds to a specific example of “third line” of the second transmission path in the present disclosure.
- the adjacent lines are formed in different layers, so that the distance between the lines can be increased.
- the differential impedance of the lines 130A and 130B, the differential impedance of the lines 130B and 130C, and the differential impedance of the lines 130A and 130C can be brought close to each other.
- the symmetry of the differential impedance can be increased, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the transmission line 120 since the adjacent lines are formed in different layers, the interval P between the lines 130A, 130B, and 130C in the plane of the transmission line 120 can be reduced. As a result, in the transmission line 120, the wiring area can be reduced.
- the communication quality can be improved and the wiring area can be reduced.
- Modification 2-1 In the above embodiment, one transmission unit 20 is provided in the transmission device 10 and one reception unit 40 is provided in the reception device 30.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and in the case of Modification 1-5 ( Similarly to FIG. 19), the transmission device may be provided with a plurality of transmission units, and the reception device may be provided with a plurality of reception units.
- the communication system 2A according to the present modification will be described in detail.
- FIG. 25 illustrates a configuration example of the communication system 2A.
- the communication system 2A includes a transmission device 10E, a transmission path 120A, and a reception device 30E.
- the transmission line 120A includes lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1, lines 130A2, 130B2, and 130C2, lines 130A3, 130B3, and 130C3, and a line GL.
- Line 130A1 conveys signal SIGA1
- line 130B1 conveys signal SIGB1
- line 130C1 conveys signal SIGC1. That is, the lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1 constitute one trio line.
- the line 130A2 transmits the signal SIGA2
- the line 130B2 transmits the signal SIGB2
- the line 130C2 transmits the signal SIGC2.
- Line 130A3 conveys signal SIGA3
- line 130B3 conveys signal SIGB3
- line 130C3 conveys signal SIGC3. That is, the lines 130A3, 130B3, and 130C3 constitute one trio line.
- the line GL is grounded.
- FIG. 26 shows a configuration example of the transmission line 120A.
- the lines 130A1, 130B2, 130B3, 130C1, and GL are arranged in this order on the first layer in the dielectric layer 102.
- the lines 130A2, 130A3, 130B1, 130C2, and 130C3 are arranged in parallel in this order on the second layer in the dielectric layer 102.
- the line 130A1 and the line 130A2 are arranged to face each other, the line 130B2 and the line 130A3 are arranged to face each other, the line 130B3 and the line 130B1 are arranged to face each other, the line 130C1 and the line 130C2 are arranged to face each other, and the line GL and the line 130C3 Are arranged opposite to each other.
- the three lines constituting one trio line are arranged so as not to be adjacent to each other in the same layer.
- the lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1 are arranged so as not to be adjacent to each other in the same layer.
- the lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1 are arranged in this order, and the line 130B1 is arranged in a different layer from the lines 130A1 and 130C1.
- the lines 130A2, 130B2, and 130C2 are arranged not to be adjacent to each other in the same layer
- the lines 130A3, 130B3, and 130C3 are arranged not to be adjacent to each other in the same layer.
- the lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1 are arranged not to be adjacent to each other in the same layer.
- the differential impedance of the lines 130A1 and 130B1, the differential impedance of the lines 130B1 and 130C1, and the differential impedance of the lines 130A1 and 130C1 can be made closer to each other.
- the communication quality can be improved.
- the arrangement of the lines is not limited to the example of the transmission line 120A, and instead, for example, a line may be arranged like a transmission line 120B shown in FIG.
- the line 130C1 is arranged in a different layer from the lines 130A1 and 130B1.
- the lines 130B2, 130A2, and 130C2 are arranged in this order in the plane of the transmission line 120B.
- the lines 130A1, 130B1, and 130C1 are not adjacent to each other in the same layer
- the lines 130A2, 130B2, and 130C2 are not adjacent to each other in the same layer
- the lines 130A3, 130B3 , 130C3 may not be adjacent to each other in the same layer.
- FIG. 28 shows a configuration example of the communication system 3.
- the communication system 3 includes a transmission device 50 and a transmission path 140.
- the transmission device 50 includes delay units 51, 52, and 53.
- the delay unit 51 delays the clock signal TxCK and supplies the delayed clock signal to the transmission unit 201.
- the delay unit 52 delays the clock signal TxCK and supplies the delayed clock signal to the transmission unit 202.
- the delay unit 53 delays the clock signal TxCK and supplies the delayed clock signal to the transmission unit 203.
- the delay amount in the delay units 51 and 53 is set to a value larger than the delay amount in the delay unit 52.
- the transmission line 140 includes lines 150A1, 150B1, and 150C1, lines 150A2, 150B2, and 150C2, lines 150A3, 150B3, and 150C3, and lines GL1 and GL2.
- Line 150A1 conveys signal SIGA1
- line 150B1 conveys signal SIGB1
- line 150C1 conveys signal SIGC1. That is, the lines 150A1, 150B1, and 150C1 constitute one trio line.
- the line 150A2 transmits the signal SIGA2
- the line 150B2 transmits the signal SIGB2
- the line 150C2 transmits the signal SIGC2. That is, the lines 150A2, 150B2, and 150C2 constitute one trio line.
- the line 150A3 transmits the signal SIGA3, the line 150B3 transmits the signal SIGB3, and the line 150C3 transmits the signal SIGC3. That is, the lines 150A3, 150B3, and 150C3 constitute one trio line.
- the lines GL1 and GL2 are grounded. These lines are formed in the same layer as the transmission line 100 (FIG. 11) according to the first embodiment.
- lines 150A1, GL1, 150A3, 150A2, 150B3, 150B2, 150B1, 150C2, 150C1, GL2, and 150C3 are arranged in this order.
- the lines 150A1, 150B1, and 150C1 correspond to a specific example of “first trio line” of the third transmission line in the present disclosure
- the lines 150A2, 150B2, and 150C2 correspond to the third transmission in the present disclosure. This corresponds to a specific example of the “second trio line” of the road.
- the three lines constituting one trio line are not adjacent to each other.
- the lines 150A1, 150B1, and 150C1 are not adjacent to each other.
- the differential impedance of the lines 150A1 and 150B1, the differential impedance of the lines 150B1 and 150C1, and the differential impedance of the lines 150A1 and 150C1 can be made closer to each other.
- the lines 150A2, 150B2, and 150C2 are not adjacent to each other. Thereby, the differential impedance of the lines 150A2 and 150B2, the differential impedance of the lines 150B2 and 150C2, and the differential impedance of the lines 150A2 and 150C2 can be made close to each other.
- the lines 150A3, 150B3, and 150C3 are not adjacent to each other.
- the differential impedance of the lines 150A3 and 150B3, the differential impedance of the lines 150B3 and 150C3, and the differential impedance of the lines 150A3 and 150C3 can be brought close to each other.
- the symmetry of the differential impedance can be improved, so that the communication quality can be improved.
- the line 150B1 is adjacent to the lines 150B2 and 150C2, and the line 150C1 is adjacent to the line 150C2.
- the line 150A2 is adjacent to the lines 150A3 and 150B3
- the line 150B2 is adjacent to the lines 150B3 and 150B1
- the line 150C2 is adjacent to the lines 150B1 and 150C1.
- the line 150A3, 150B3, and 150C3 are adjacent to the line 150A2, and the line 150B3 is adjacent to the lines 150A2 and 150B2.
- delay units 51 to 53 are provided to shift the signal transition timing between the trio lines. Thereby, in the communication system 3, the fall of the communication quality by the crosstalk between adjacent lines can be suppressed.
- FIG. 29 schematically shows the phase of the signal.
- the phases of the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, SIGC1, SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 are delayed by the phase difference PD from the phases of the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2.
- the phase difference PD can be set to, for example, about half of the unit interval UI.
- the signal transition timing can be shifted between the trio lines.
- the transition timing is shifted, so that the possibility that the eye opening is narrowed can be reduced, and deterioration in communication quality can be suppressed.
- the communication quality can be improved.
- FIG. 30 illustrates a configuration example of the communication system 3A according to the present modification.
- the communication system 3A includes a transmission line 140A.
- the transmission line 140A includes lines 150A1, 150B1, and 150C1, lines 150A2, 150B2, and 150C2, and lines 150A3, 150B3, and 150C3. That is, unlike the transmission line 140 (FIG. 28) according to the above embodiment, the transmission line 140A does not have a grounded line.
- lines 150A1, 150A2, 150A3, 150B1, 150B2, 150B3, 150C1, 150C2, and 150C3 are arranged in this order.
- the three lines constituting one trio line are not adjacent to each other.
- FIG. 31 schematically shows the phase of a signal in the communication system 3A.
- the phases of the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2 are delayed by a phase difference PD1 from the phases of the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1, and the phases of the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 are made to be different from the phases of the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2.
- the phase differences PD1 and PD2 can be set to about 1/3 of the unit interval UI, for example.
- FIG. 32 illustrates a configuration example of another communication system 3B according to the present modification.
- FIG. 33 schematically shows the phase of a signal in the communication system 3B.
- the communication system 3B includes a transmission path 140B.
- lines 150A1, 150A3, 150A2, 150B1, 150B2, 150B3, 150C2, 150C1, and 150C3 are arranged in this order.
- the phases of the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 are delayed by the phase difference PD1 from the phases of the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2, and the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1
- the phase is delayed by the phase difference PD2 from the phases of the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3.
- FIG. 34 shows a configuration example of another communication system 3C according to this modification.
- FIG. 35 schematically shows the phase of a signal in the communication system 3C.
- the communication system 3C includes a transmission line 140C.
- lines 150A1, 150A3, 150A2, 150B3, 150B2, 150B1, 150C2, 150C1, and 150C3 are arranged in this order.
- the phases of the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 are delayed by the phase difference PD1 from the phases of the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2, and the phases of the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1 are It is delayed by the phase difference PD2 from the phases of SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3.
- the delay units 51 to 53 delay the clock signal TxCK by a predetermined amount.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the delay amount in the delay units 51 to 53 may be adjusted.
- the communication system 3D according to the present modification will be described in detail.
- FIG. 36 illustrates a configuration example of the communication system 3D according to the present modification.
- the communication system 3D includes a transmission device 50D, a transmission path 140, and a reception device 60D.
- the transmission device 50D includes a processing unit 54D, a reception unit 56D, a control unit 57D, and delay units 51D to 53D.
- the processing unit 54D performs predetermined processing, thereby performing transition signals TxF10 to TxF16, TxR10 to TxR16, TxP10 to TxP16, TxF20 to TxF26, TxR20 to TxR26, TxP20 to TxP26, TxF30 to TxF36, TxR30 to TxR36 and TxP30 to TxP36 are generated.
- the processing unit 54D has a data generation unit 55D.
- the data generator 55D generates calibration data (transition signal) in the calibration mode.
- the processing unit 54D converts the data generated by the data generation unit 55D into the transition signals TxF10 to TxF16, TxR10 to TxR16, TxP10 to TxP16, TxF20 to TxF26, TxR20 to TxR26, TxP20 to TxP26, in the calibration mode.
- the signals are output as TxF30 to TxF36, TxR30 to TxR36, and TxP30 to TxP36.
- the receiving unit 56D receives the control signal CTL supplied from the receiving device 60D, and supplies comparison result information INF (described later) included in the control signal CTL to the control unit 57D.
- the control unit 57D sets the delay amount in each of the delay units 51D to 53D based on the comparison result information INF.
- the delay units 51D to 53D delay the clock signal TxCK by a delay amount according to an instruction from the control unit 57D.
- the receiving device 60D includes a processing unit 64D and a transmission unit 66D.
- the processing unit 64D includes the transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1, the clock signal RxCK1, the transition signals RxF2, RxR2, RxP2, the clock signal RxCK2, the transition signals RxF3, RxR3, RxP3, and the clock signal RxCK3. Based on the above, a predetermined process is performed.
- the processing unit 64D has a data comparison unit 65D.
- the data comparison unit 65D compares the transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1, RxF2, RxR2, RxP2, RxF3, RxR3, RxP3 with predetermined data (transition signal), thereby comparing the comparison result information INF. Is to be generated.
- the predetermined data corresponds to the calibration data generated by the data generation unit 55D.
- the transmission unit 66D generates a control signal CTL based on the comparison result information INF, and transmits the control signal CTL to the transmission device 50D.
- the data generation unit 55D of the transmission device 50D in the calibration mode, first, the data generation unit 55D of the transmission device 50D generates calibration data (transition signal).
- the control unit 57D sets the delay amount in the delay units 51D to 53D, and the delay units 51D to 53D delay the clock signal TxCK by the delay amount according to the instruction from the control unit 57D.
- the transmission unit 201 generates signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1 based on the clock signal supplied from the delay unit 51D
- the transmission unit 202 generates signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2 based on the clock signal supplied from the delay unit 52D.
- SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3 are generated based on the clock signal supplied from the delay unit 53D.
- the receiving unit 401 of the receiving device 60D generates transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1 and a clock signal RxCK1 based on the signals SIGA1, SIGB1, and SIGC1, and the receiving unit 402 changes based on the signals SIGA2, SIGB2, and SIGC2.
- the signals RxF2, RxR2, RxP2 and the clock signal RxCK2 are generated, and the receiving unit 403 generates the transition signals RxF3, RxR3, RxP3 and the clock signal RxCK3 based on the signals SIGA3, SIGB3, and SIGC3.
- the data comparison unit 65D generates comparison result information INF by comparing the transition signals RxF1, RxR1, RxP1, RxF2, RxR2, RxP2, RxF3, RxR3, and RxP3 with predetermined data (transition signal).
- the transmission unit 66D generates a control signal CTL based on the comparison result information INF, and transmits this control signal CTL to the transmission device 50D.
- the reception unit 56D of the transmission device 50D receives the control signal CTL supplied from the reception device 60D, and supplies the comparison result information INF included in the control signal CTL to the control unit 57D.
- the control unit 57D sequentially changes the delay amounts in the delay units 51D to 53D, and sequentially acquires the comparison result information INF.
- the control unit 57D acquires a range of delay amounts in the delay units 51D to 53D so that communication can be normally performed. Specifically, for example, paying attention to two of the delay units 51D to 53D, the delay amount setting is sequentially changed from a setting that maximizes skew to a setting that minimizes skew. Get the range of delay amount that can be done normally.
- control unit 57D determines the delay amount based on the range of the delay amount acquired in this way so that the operation margin becomes large.
- the delay amount can be determined based on the center value of the range of the delay amount that allows normal communication.
- the transition timings of signals in adjacent lines are shifted from each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, even if the transition timings of signals on adjacent lines are substantially the same, if the communication quality does not decrease so much, the transition timings do not have to be shifted from each other.
- FIG. 37 shows an appearance of a smartphone 300 (multifunctional mobile phone) to which the communication system of the above-described embodiment and the like is applied.
- Various devices are mounted on the smartphone 300, and the communication system according to the above-described embodiment is applied to a communication system that exchanges data between these devices.
- FIG. 38 shows a configuration example of the application processor 310 used for the smartphone 300.
- the application processor 310 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 311, a memory control unit 312, a power supply control unit 313, an external interface 314, a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) 315, a media processing unit 316, and a display control unit 317. And an MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) interface 318.
- the CPU 311, the memory control unit 312, the power supply control unit 313, the external interface 314, the GPU 315, the media processing unit 316, and the display control unit 317 are connected to the system bus 319, and data is mutually transmitted via the system bus 319. Can be exchanged.
- the CPU 311 processes various information handled by the smartphone 300 according to a program.
- the memory control unit 312 controls the memory 501 used when the CPU 311 performs information processing.
- the power supply control unit 313 controls the power supply of the smartphone 300.
- the external interface 314 is an interface for communicating with an external device, and is connected to the wireless communication unit 502 and the image sensor 410 in this example.
- the wireless communication unit 502 wirelessly communicates with a mobile phone base station, and includes, for example, a baseband unit, an RF (Radio Frequency) front end unit, and the like.
- the image sensor 410 acquires an image and includes, for example, a CMOS sensor.
- the GPU 315 performs image processing.
- the media processing unit 316 processes information such as voice, characters, and graphics.
- the display control unit 317 controls the display 504 via the MIPI interface 318.
- the MIPI interface 318 transmits an image signal to the display 504.
- As the image signal for example, a signal in YUV format or RGB format can be used.
- FIG. 39 shows a configuration example of the image sensor 410.
- the image sensor 410 includes a sensor unit 411, an ISP (Image Signal Processor) 412, a JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) encoder 413, a CPU 414, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 415, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 416.
- Each of these blocks is connected to the system bus 420 in this example, and can exchange data with each other via the system bus 420.
- the sensor unit 411 acquires an image and is configured by, for example, a CMOS sensor.
- the ISP 412 performs predetermined processing on the image acquired by the sensor unit 411.
- the JPEG encoder 413 encodes an image processed by the ISP 412 to generate a JPEG format image.
- the CPU 414 controls each block of the image sensor 410 according to a program.
- the RAM 415 is a memory used when the CPU 414 performs information processing.
- the ROM 416 stores a program executed by the CPU 414.
- the power supply control unit 417 controls the power supply of the image sensor 410.
- the I 2 C interface 418 receives a control signal from the application processor 310.
- the image sensor 410 receives a clock signal in addition to a control signal from the application processor 310. Specifically, the image sensor 410 is configured to operate based on clock signals having various frequencies.
- the MIPI interface 419 transmits an image signal to the application processor 310.
- the image signal for example, a signal in YUV format or RGB format can be used.
- the communication system between the MIPI interface 419 and the application processor 310 for example, the communication system according to the above-described embodiment is applied.
- the transmission line is configured by a strip line.
- the transmission line is not limited to this, and instead, for example, as illustrated in FIGS. You may comprise by a stripline.
- FIG. 40 shows a configuration example of the transmission line 800 according to this modification, and corresponds to the transmission line 100 (FIG. 11).
- the transmission line 800 includes a dielectric layer 802, a conductive layer 803, and lines 810A, 810B, and 810C.
- the dielectric layer 802 and the conductive layer 803 are stacked.
- the lines 810A, 810B, and 810C are formed on the surface of the dielectric layer 802.
- the transmission line 820 includes lines 830A, 830B, and 830C.
- the lines 830A and 830C are formed on the surface of the dielectric layer 802, and the line 830B is formed in the dielectric layer 802.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, for example, all of the control signals PU1A to PU5A, PD1A to PD5A may be set to “0”. Thereby, in the driver unit 29A, the five transistors 91 and the five transistors 94 are turned off, and the output impedance becomes high impedance. At this time, the voltage of the output terminal ToutA is set to the medium level voltage VM by the resistance elements 41A to 41C of the receiving unit 40.
- the first line, the second line, and the third line are arranged in this order in the same layer, The transmission line according to (1), wherein the characteristic impedance of the second line is higher than the characteristic impedance of the third line.
- (6) a dielectric layer; A first conductive layer; A second conductive layer, The first conductive layer, the dielectric layer, and the second conductive layer are laminated in this order,
- the transmission line according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the first line, the second line, and the third line are formed in the dielectric layer.
- a dielectric layer With a conductive layer, The conductive layer and the dielectric layer are laminated, The first line, the second line, and the third line are formed on a surface of the dielectric layer opposite to the surface on which the conductive layer is provided.
- a transmission line according to any one of the above.
- the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer in the vicinity of the second line is lower than the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer in the vicinity of the first line. Transmission line.
- (11) a first line formed in the first layer; A second line formed in the second layer; A third line formed in the first layer, and A transmission path for transmitting symbols according to combinations of signals in the first line, the second line, and the third line.
- (13) further comprising a fourth line, a fifth line, and a sixth line;
- the fifth line is formed in the first layer;
- the fourth line and the sixth line are formed in the second layer,
- the first line is opposed to the fourth line,
- the second line is opposite to the fifth line,
- a first trio line including three lines and transmitting a first symbol according to a combination of signals;
- a second trio line including three lines and transmitting a second symbol according to a combination of signals;
- the first transition timing of the signal transmitted by the first trio line is different from the second transition timing of the signal transmitted by the second trio line.
- a transmission device A receiving device; A transmission path for transmitting a signal from the transmitting device to the receiving device, The transmission path is The first track, A second line having a characteristic impedance higher than the characteristic impedance of the first line; A third track, and The transmission line transmits a symbol corresponding to a combination of signals on the first line, the second line, and the third line.
- a transmission device (18) a transmission device; A receiving device; A transmission path for transmitting a signal from the transmitting device to the receiving device, The transmission path is A first line formed in the first layer; A second line formed in the second layer; A third line formed in the first layer, and The transmission line transmits a symbol corresponding to a combination of signals on the first line, the second line, and the third line.
- a transmission device A receiving device; A transmission path for transmitting a signal from the transmitting device to the receiving device, The transmission path is A first trio line including three lines and transmitting a first symbol according to a combination of signals; A second trio line including three lines and transmitting a second symbol according to a combination of signals; A communication system in which one of the three lines in the second trio line is arranged between two of the three lines in the first trio line.
- the transmission device includes: A first phase adjustment unit for adjusting a phase of a signal in three lines of the first trio line;
- the transmission device transmits a signal including a predetermined data pattern, and based on a reception result of the signal including the predetermined data pattern in the reception device, the first phase adjustment unit and the second phase adjustment unit
- the communication system according to (20) further including a control unit that controls the phase adjustment unit.
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Abstract
Description
1.第1の実施の形態
2.第2の実施の形態
3.第3の実施の形態
4.適用例
[構成例]
図1は、第1の実施の形態に係る伝送路を備えた通信システムの一構成例を表すものである。通信システム1は、3つの電圧レベルを有する信号を用いて通信を行うものである。
送信装置10は、図1に示したように、クロック生成部11と、処理部12と、送信部20とを有している。
図1に示したように、受信装置30は、受信部40と、処理部32とを有している。
図11は、伝送路100の一構成例を表すものである。伝送路100は、いわゆるストリップ線路により構成されたものである。伝送路100は、線路110A~110Cに加え、導電層101と、誘電層102と、導電層103とを有している。
続いて、本実施の形態の通信システム1の動作および作用について説明する。
まず、図1を参照して、通信システム1の全体動作概要を説明する。送信装置10のクロック生成部11は、クロック信号TxCKを生成する。処理部12は、所定の処理を行うことにより、遷移信号TxF0~TxF6,TxR0~TxR6,TxP0~TxP6を生成する。送信部20は、遷移信号TxF0~TxF6,TxR0~TxR6,TxP0~TxP6に基づいて、信号SIGA,SIGB,SIGCを生成する。伝送路100は、信号SIGA,SIGB,SIGCを伝える。受信装置30の受信部40は、信号SIGA,SIGB,SIGCを受信するとともに、この信号SIGA,SIGB,SIGCに基づいて、遷移信号RxF,RxR、RxPおよびクロック信号RxCKを生成する。処理部32は、遷移信号RxF,RxR,RxPおよびクロック信号RxCKに基づいて、所定の処理を行う。
伝送路100では、線路110Bの特性インピーダンスを、線路110A,110Cの特性インピーダンスに比べて高くしている。これにより、通信システム1では、通信品質を高めることができる。以下に、詳細に説明する。
次に、比較例に係る伝送路100Rについて説明する。伝送路100Rは、本実施の形態の場合(図11)と同様に、線路110RA,110RB,110RCを有している。伝送路100Rでは、本実施の形態に係る伝送路100と異なり、線路110RA,110RB,110RCの特性インピーダンスを互いに等しくしている。
以上のように本実施の形態では、3本の線路のうちの中央の線路の特性インピーダンスを、他の線路の特性インピーダンスに比べて高くしたので、通信品質を高めることができる。
上記実施の形態では、線路110Bの抵抗値を、線路110A,110Cの抵抗値よりも高くした。その際、例えば、高い抵抗率の材料を用いて線路110Bを形成する代わりに、低い抵抗率の材料を用いて線路110A,110Cを形成してもよい。このようにしても、線路110Bの特性インピーダンスを、線路110A,110Cの特性インピーダンスに比べて高くすることができるため、通信品質を高めることができる。
上記実施の形態では、線路110Bの抵抗値を、線路110A,110Cの抵抗値よりも高くしたが、これに限定されるものではない。これに代えて、例えば、図16に示す伝送路100Bのように、誘電層102における線路110Bの近傍部分WPでの誘電率を低くしてもよい。また、例えば、誘電層102における線路110Aの近傍部分での誘電率を高くするとともに、誘電層102における線路110Cの近傍部分での誘電率を高くしてもよい。このようにしても、線路110Bの特性インピーダンスを、線路110A,110Cの特性インピーダンスに比べて高くすることができるため、通信品質を高めることができる。
上記実施の形態では、線路110Aの幅WAと、線路110Bの幅WBと、線路110Cの幅WCとを互いに等しくしたが、これに限定されるものではない。これに代えて、例えば、図17に示す伝送路100Cのように、3本の線路のうちの中央の線路(線路110B2)の幅WBを、他の線路の幅WA,WCよりも狭くしてもよい。この例では、幅WBは、0.03[mm]であり、幅WA,WCは、0.05[mm]である。また、間隔Pは、0.085[mm]である。このようにしても、線路110B2の特性インピーダンスを、線路110A,110Cの特性インピーダンスに比べて高くすることができるため、通信品質を高めることができる。
上記実施の形態では、導電層101,103が、3本の線路110A,110B,110Cを覆うようにしたが、これに限定されるものではなく、これに代えて、例えば、図18に示す伝送路100Dのように、線路110Aと対向する領域および線路110Cと対向する領域において導電層103を形成し、線路110Bと対向する領域には導電層を形成しないようにしてもよい。線路110Bと対向する、導電層を形成しない領域の幅W0は、例えば0.1[mm]にすることができる。
上記実施の形態では、送信装置10に1つの送信部20を設けるとともに、受信装置30に1つの受信部40を設けたが、これに限定されるものではなく、送信装置に複数の送信部を設けるとともに、受信装置に複数の受信部を設けてもよい。以下に、本変形例に係る通信システム1Eについて、詳細に説明する。
上記実施の形態では、トリオ線路に含まれる3つの線路を同じ層に形成したが、これに限定されるものではない。以下に、本変形例に係る通信システム1Fについて詳細に説明する。
また、これらの変形例のうちの2以上を組み合わせてもよい。
次に、第2の実施の形態に係る通信システム2について説明する。本実施の形態は、複数の線路を、2つの層に形成したものである。なお、上記第1の実施の形態に係る通信システム1と実質的に同一の構成部分には同一の符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
上記実施の形態では、送信装置10に1つの送信部20を設けるとともに、受信装置30に1つの受信部40を設けたが、これに限定されるものではなく、変形例1-5の場合(図19)と同様に、送信装置に複数の送信部を設けるとともに、受信装置に複数の受信部を設けてもよい。以下に、本変形例に係る通信システム2Aについて、詳細に説明する。
次に、第3の実施の形態に係る通信システム3について説明する。本実施の形態は、3つの送信部および3つの受信部を有するものである。なお、上記第1の実施の形態に係る通信システム1と実質的に同一の構成部分には同一の符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
上記実施の形態では、接地された線路GL1,GL2を設けたが、これに限定されるものではない。以下に、いくつかの例を挙げて、本変形例について詳細に説明する。
上記実施の形態では、遅延部51~53は、クロック信号TxCKを所定量だけ遅延したが、これに限定されるものではなく、遅延部51~53における遅延量を調整してもよい。以下に、本変形例に係る通信システム3Dについて詳細に説明する。
上記実施の形態では、隣り合う線路における信号の遷移タイミングを互いにずらしたが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、隣り合う線路における信号の遷移タイミングがほぼ一致していても、通信品質がさほど低下しない場合には、遷移タイミングを互いにずらさなくてもよい。
次に、上記実施の形態および変形例で説明した通信システムの適用例について説明する。
前記第1の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い特性インピーダンスを有する第2の線路と、
第3の線路と
を備え、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
伝送路。
前記第2の線路の特性インピーダンスは、前記第3の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い
前記(1)に記載の伝送路。
前記(1)または(2)に記載の伝送路。
前記(1)から(3)のいずれかに記載の伝送路。
前記(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の伝送路。
第1の導電層と、
第2の導電層と
を備え、
前記第1の導電層、前記誘電層、および前記第2の導電層は、この順に積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層内に形成された
前記(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の伝送路。
前記(6)に記載の伝送路。
導電層と
を備え、
前記導電層および前記誘電層は積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層の、前記導電層が設けられた面とは反対の面に形成された
前記(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の伝送路。
前記(6)から(8)のいずれかに記載の伝送路。
第1の導電層と、
第2の導電層と
を備え、
前記第1の導電層、前記誘電層、および前記第2の導電層は、この順に積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層内の互いに異なる層にこの順に配置され、
前記第2の線路の特性インピーダンスは、前記第3の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い
前記(1)に記載の伝送路。
第2の層に形成された第2の線路と、
前記第1の層に形成された第3の線路と
を備え、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
伝送路。
前記(11)に記載の伝送路。
前記第5の線路は、前記第1の層に形成され、
前記第4の線路および前記第6の線路は、前記第2の層に形成され、
前記第1の線路は、前記第4の線路と対向し、
前記第2の線路は、前記第5の線路と対向し、
前記第3の線路は、前記第6の線路と対向する
前記(12)に記載の伝送路。
3つの線路を含み、信号の組み合わせに応じた第2のシンボルを伝送する第2のトリオ線路と
を備え、
前記第1のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの2つの線路の間に、前記第2のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの1つが配置された
伝送路。
前記(14)に記載の伝送路。
前記(14)または(15)に記載の伝送路。
受信装置と、
前記送信装置から前記受信装置へ信号を伝える伝送路と
を備え、
前記伝送路は、
第1の線路と、
前記第1の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い特性インピーダンスを有する第2の線路と、
第3の線路と
を有し、
前記伝送路は、前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
通信システム。
受信装置と、
前記送信装置から前記受信装置へ信号を伝える伝送路と
を備え、
前記伝送路は、
第1の層に形成された第1の線路と、
第2の層に形成された第2の線路と、
前記第1の層に形成された第3の線路と
を有し、
前記伝送路は、前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
通信システム。
受信装置と、
前記送信装置から前記受信装置へ信号を伝える伝送路と
を備え、
前記伝送路は、
3つの線路を含み、信号の組み合わせに応じた第1のシンボルを伝送する第1のトリオ線路と、
3つの線路を含み、信号の組み合わせに応じた第2のシンボルを伝送する第2のトリオ線路と
を有し、
前記第1のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの2つの線路の間に、前記第2のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの1つが配置された
通信システム。
前記第1のトリオ線路の3つの線路における信号の位相を調整する第1の位相調整部と、
前記第2のトリオ線路の3つの線路における信号の位相を調整する第2の位相調整部と
を有する
前記(19)に記載の通信システム。
前記(20)に記載の通信システム。
Claims (16)
- 第1の線路と、
前記第1の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い特性インピーダンスを有する第2の線路と、
第3の線路と
を備え、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
伝送路。 - 前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、互いに同じ層においてこの順に配置され、
前記第2の線路の特性インピーダンスは、前記第3の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第2の線路は、前記第1の線路よりも高い抵抗率を有する材料を用いて形成された
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第2の線路は、前記第1の線路よりも多くの不純物を含んでいる
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第2の線路の幅は、前記第1の線路の幅よりも狭い
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 誘電層と、
第1の導電層と、
第2の導電層と
を備え、
前記第1の導電層、前記誘電層、および前記第2の導電層は、この順に積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層内に形成された
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第1の導電層は、前記第1の線路に対応する領域、および前記第3の線路に対応する領域に形成された
請求項6に記載の伝送路。 - 誘電層と、
導電層と
を備え、
前記導電層および前記誘電層は積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層の、前記導電層が設けられた面とは反対の面に形成された
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第2の線路の近傍における前記誘電層の誘電率は、前記第1の線路の近傍における前記誘電層の誘電率よりも低い
請求項6に記載の伝送路。 - 誘電層と、
第1の導電層と、
第2の導電層と
を備え、
前記第1の導電層、前記誘電層、および前記第2の導電層は、この順に積層されており、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路は、前記誘電層内の互いに異なる層にこの順に配置され、
前記第2の線路の特性インピーダンスは、前記第3の線路の特性インピーダンスよりも高い
請求項1に記載の伝送路。 - 第1の層に形成された第1の線路と、
第2の層に形成された第2の線路と、
前記第1の層に形成された第3の線路と
を備え、
前記第1の線路、前記第2の線路、および前記第3の線路における信号の組み合わせに応じたシンボルを伝送する
伝送路。 - 各層の積層方向と交差する面において、前記第2の線路は、前記第1の線路および前記第3の線路の間に配置された
請求項11に記載の伝送路。 - 第4の線路と、第5の線路と、第6の線路とをさらに備え、
前記第5の線路は、前記第1の層に形成され、
前記第4の線路および前記第6の線路は、前記第2の層に形成され、
前記第1の線路は、前記第4の線路と対向し、
前記第2の線路は、前記第5の線路と対向し、
前記第3の線路は、前記第6の線路と対向する
請求項12に記載の伝送路。 - 3つの線路を含み、信号の組み合わせに応じた第1のシンボルを伝送する第1のトリオ線路と、
3つの線路を含み、信号の組み合わせに応じた第2のシンボルを伝送する第2のトリオ線路と
を備え、
前記第1のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの2つの線路の間に、前記第2のトリオ線路における3つの線路のうちの1つが配置された
伝送路。 - 前記第1のトリオ線路における3つの線路が、互いに隣り合わないように配置された
請求項14に記載の伝送路。 - 前記第1のトリオ線路が伝える信号の第1の遷移タイミングは、前記第2のトリオ線路が伝える信号の第2の遷移タイミングは、互いに異なる
請求項14に記載の伝送路。
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US15/561,719 US10424823B2 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-15 | Transmission line |
JP2017517842A JP6652131B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-15 | 伝送路 |
CN201680026053.8A CN107615578B (zh) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-15 | 传输路径 |
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KR102504374B1 (ko) | 2023-02-28 |
US10777867B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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