WO2016152498A1 - 偏光素子、および、偏光板 - Google Patents
偏光素子、および、偏光板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016152498A1 WO2016152498A1 PCT/JP2016/057103 JP2016057103W WO2016152498A1 WO 2016152498 A1 WO2016152498 A1 WO 2016152498A1 JP 2016057103 W JP2016057103 W JP 2016057103W WO 2016152498 A1 WO2016152498 A1 WO 2016152498A1
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- value
- transmittance
- polarizing element
- substituent
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- 0 CC(C[C@](C(C)=C1)N=Nc2c(*)cc(*)cc2)=C1N=Nc1c(*)cc(cc(cc2)Nc3ccccc3)c2c1O Chemical compound CC(C[C@](C(C)=C1)N=Nc2c(*)cc(*)cc2)=C1N=Nc1c(*)cc(cc(cc2)Nc3ccccc3)c2c1O 0.000 description 2
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B31/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A->B->C, A->B->C->D, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B31/02—Disazo dyes
- C09B31/06—Disazo dyes from a coupling component "C" containing a directive hydroxyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B31/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A->B->C, A->B->C->D, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B31/16—Trisazo dyes
- C09B31/20—Trisazo dyes from a coupling component"D" containing a directive hydroxyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B45/00—Complex metal compounds of azo dyes
- C09B45/02—Preparation from dyes containing in o-position a hydroxy group and in o'-position hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxyl, amino or keto groups
- C09B45/24—Disazo or polyazo compounds
- C09B45/28—Disazo or polyazo compounds containing copper
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing element composed of iodine and an azo compound, and a polarizing plate.
- a polarizing element is generally manufactured by adsorbing and orienting a dichroic dye, iodine or a dichroic dye, onto a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- a protective film made of triacetyl cellulose or the like is bonded to at least one surface of the polarizing element via an adhesive layer to form a polarizing plate, which is used for a liquid crystal display device or the like.
- a polarizing plate using iodine as a dichroic dye is called an iodine polarizing plate, while a polarizing plate using a dichroic dye as a dichroic dye is called a dye polarizing plate.
- dye-based polarizing plates have high heat resistance, high heat and humidity durability, high stability, and high color selectivity by blending, while the same polarization compared to iodine-based polarizing plates.
- the transmittance is low, that is, the contrast is low. Therefore, it is desired to maintain high durability, to have various color selectivity, to have higher transmittance and to have high polarization characteristics.
- the conventional polarizing elements are polarizing elements that exhibit a yellowish color when placed in parallel to the absorption axis and exhibit white color.
- a polarizing plate that suppresses the yellow tint when installed in parallel is produced.
- black turns blue.
- For an achromatic polarizing plate there is no dependency on each wavelength in the parallel position and the orthogonal position, and it is necessary that the transmittance is constant, but until now it has been possible to obtain such a polarizing plate. It wasn't done.
- the reason why the colors are different between the parallel position and the orthogonal position is that even if a dichroic dye is used for the polarizing element, the parallel wavelength and the orthogonal position do not show the same wavelength dependency, that is, the dichroism is constant. No, and this is because the transmittance of each wavelength is not constant.
- each wavelength dependence in an iodine type polarizing plate is demonstrated.
- iodine is used as a dichroic dye with polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter abbreviated as PVA) as a base material, it generally has an absorption centering on 480 nm and 600 nm.
- the absorption at 480 nm is said to be due to a complex of polyiodine I 3 — and PVA, and the absorption at 600 nm is said to be due to a complex of polyiodine I 5 — and PVA.
- the degree of polarization based on each wavelength is higher for the complex of polyiodine I 5 - and PVA than for the complex of polyiodine I 3 - and PVA.
- azo compounds having general dichroism there are also azo compounds having completely different wavelength dependence between the orthogonal position and the parallel position, such as yellow in the parallel position and blue in the orthogonal position.
- the sensitivity of light and darkness given to humans differs between orthogonal and parallel positions, so even if color correction is performed, color correction suitable for the sensitivity is necessary. It was.
- the transmittance of each wavelength must be almost constant at the parallel and orthogonal positions. Specifically, it must be in a state where it does not depend on the transmittance of each wavelength at a constant value. .
- the polarizing element or polarizing plate must satisfy the certain transmittance dependency at the parallel position and the orthogonal position at the same time, and furthermore, has a high transmittance and a high contrast.
- the polarization degree (dichroic ratio) of each wavelength must be constant. Even when only one kind of azo compound is applied to a polarizing element, the wavelength dependence is different between the orthogonal position and the parallel position. If the relationship between the dichroic ratio is precisely controlled and the degree of polarization is not high, the achromatic polarizing plate of the present application cannot be achieved. From this, it is very difficult to obtain an achromatic polarizing plate, which cannot be achieved simply by applying the three primary colors. It is extremely difficult to control the parallel position and the orthogonal position to be constant because the polarization degree of each wavelength must be the same.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for improving the hue of the polarizing plate, a technique such as Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 a neutral coefficient is calculated and a polarizing plate having an absolute value of 0 to 3 is disclosed.
- the neutral coefficient (NP) even if the neutral coefficient (NP) is low, it is obtained from JIS Z 8729. Since the a * value is -2 to -1 and the b * value is 2.5 to 4.0 even with the parallel hues alone, it can be seen that the color is yellowish green when expressed in white. . Further, although the a * value is 0 to 1 in the orthogonal hue, the b * value is -1.5 to -4.0, so that the polarizing plate has a blue color.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a polarizing element that is adjusted by adding a direct dye, a reactive dye, or an acid dye in addition to iodine within ⁇ 30% of the average value at a transmittance of 410 nm to 750 nm.
- the single transmittance that is, a polarizing element obtained by measuring the color when using only one polarizing element with the a value and the b value within the UCS color space within an absolute value of 2
- the hue at the time of white display (when made parallel) and the color at the time of black display (when made orthogonal) are not expressed at the same time as a value and b value within 2 but An achromatic color could not be expressed in parallel.
- the single transmittance is 31.95% in Example 1 and 31.41% in Example 2. Since the transmittance is low, high transmittance and high contrast are obtained. In required fields, particularly in fields such as liquid crystal display devices and organic electroluminescence, higher transmittance and higher degree of polarization were not sufficient.
- the present inventor has made the transmittance constant in each of the parallel position and the orthogonal position, eliminates the wavelength dependency, and further, the polarization degree of the parallel position and the orthogonal position of each wavelength ( In order to maintain the relationship even when the dichroic ratio is constant, the degree of polarization is high, and the transmittance is high, it has been newly found that it can be achieved only by blending a specific azo compound, As a result, a polarizing element capable of high contrast, high transmittance, high degree of polarization, and achromaticity in both parallel and orthogonal positions has been developed.
- the polarizing element has a high transmittance, but can express achromatic white when the absorption axis of the polarizing element is installed in parallel, and an achromatic color when the absorption axis of the polarizing element is installed orthogonally We found that black color can be expressed.
- the present invention (1) A polarizing element comprising a substrate containing iodine and an azo compound,
- the azo compound is a) a combination of an azo compound represented by formula (1) and an azo compound represented by formula (2); or b) an azo compound represented by formula (1) and a formula (3).
- a * value and b * value obtained by measuring in parallel with respect to each other are within 2 as absolute values, and obtained by measuring the two substrates perpendicular to the absorption axis direction.
- the polarizing element wherein the * value and b * value are within 2 as absolute values, and the single transmittance is 35% to 45%;
- a 1 represents a phenyl group having a substituent or a naphthyl group, and R 1 or R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a lower alkoxy group having a sulfo group.
- X 1 represents an amino group that may have a substituent, a benzoylamino group that may have a substituent, an aminobenzoylamino group that may have a substituent, and a phenyl that may have a substituent An amino group and a phenylazo group which may have a substituent are shown.)
- a 2 and A 3 each independently represent a phenyl group or a naphthyl group having a substituent, and at least one of the substituents is a hydrogen atom, a sulfo group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, or a sulfo group.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a sulfo group.
- a lower alkoxy group having (In the formula, A 4 represents a nitro group or an amino group, R 9 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a lower alkoxy group having a sulfo group, and X 2 represents a substituted group.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and the transmittance of 400 nm to 460 is less than 1% with respect to the transmittance of each wavelength when the polarized light having the vibration direction of the absolutely polarized light is parallel.
- the polarizing element according to (1) or (2) wherein a difference between an average transmittance from 670 nm to 670 nm and an average transmittance from 550 to 600 nm is within 1%; (4) The polarizing element according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the substrate is made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film; and (5) at least one of the polarizing elements according to (1) to (4) A polarizing plate comprising a support film on one side; (6)
- the present invention relates to a polarizing element according to (1) to (4) or a liquid crystal display device using a polarizing plate in (5).
- the polarizing element of the present invention is capable of expressing achromatic white when the absorption axis of the polarizing element is installed in parallel while having high transmittance, and when the absorption axis of the polarizing element is installed orthogonally A neutral black color can be expressed.
- a polarizing element comprising a substrate containing iodine and a dichroic dye composed of a specific azo compound, which is a single element in the a * value and b * value determined according to JIS Z 8729
- the a * value and b * value at the time of measuring the transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and the a * value obtained by measuring the two base materials parallel to the absorption axis direction, and b * The value is within 2 as an absolute value, and the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the two base materials perpendicular to the absorption axis direction are within 2 as an absolute value
- the polarizing element has a single transmittance of 35% to 45%.
- the object color display method defined in JIS Z 8729 corresponds to the object color display method defined by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviation-CIE).
- the single transmittance indicates the transmittance when measuring the transmittance of one (single) of the polarizing element when natural light is applied.
- the single transmittance It is necessary that the hue when measuring the a * value (hereinafter a * -s) and the b * value (hereinafter a * -s) are within 1 as absolute values.
- an a * value (hereinafter referred to as a * -p) and a b * value (hereinafter referred to as “a * ⁇ p”) obtained by measuring two base materials parallel to the absorption axis direction.
- b * -p) is an absolute value of 2 or less, and when natural light is incident, an a * value obtained by measuring two substrates orthogonal to the absorption axis direction (hereinafter referred to as “a * value”) , A * -c) and b * value (hereinafter referred to as b * -c) are within 2 as absolute values, a polarizing plate capable of expressing an achromatic color in a parallel position can be realized.
- the absolute values of a * -p and b * -p are within 1.5, and the absolute values of a * -c and b * -c are within 1.5, More preferably, the absolute values of a * -p and b * -p are within 1.0, and the absolute values of a * -c and b * -c are within 1.0.
- the absolute value of a * -p and b * -p even if there is a difference of 0.5 as an absolute value, a difference in color can be felt as a human sensitivity, so a * and b * are controlled. It is very important to do.
- the performance of the polarizing element is required to have a high transmittance and a high degree of polarization. If the single transmittance is 35%, the brightness can be expressed even if it is used for a display device, but it is preferably 38% or more, more preferably 39% or more, and further preferably 40% or more. If the degree of polarization is 99% or more, the display device can express the polarization function, but a polarizing plate with higher contrast is demanded, more preferably 99.9% or more, more preferably 99.95% or more. There is a need for a polarizing element.
- the a * value and b * value at the time of measuring single transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and the two base materials are in the direction of the absorption axis.
- a * value and b * value obtained by measuring in parallel with respect to each other are within 2 as absolute values, and obtained by measuring the two substrates perpendicular to the absorption axis direction.
- iodine and an azo having a specific combination described later are used as a base material. This can be realized by including a compound.
- iodides such as potassium iodide, copper iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide, sodium chloride, It is common to use with chlorides such as lithium chloride and potassium chloride.
- the base material is formed by forming a film made of a hydrophilic polymer, and may contain iodine or various azo compounds described in Non-Patent Document 1.
- the hydrophilic polymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol resins, amylose resins, starch resins, cellulose resins, and polyacrylate resins.
- a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a resin made of a derivative thereof are most preferable from the viewpoint of processability, dyeability, crosslinkability, and the like.
- a polarizing element or a polarizing plate can be produced by making those resins into a film shape, containing the dye of the present invention and a blend thereof, and applying an orientation treatment such as stretching.
- the polarizing element of the present invention comprises a) a combination of an azo compound represented by formula (1) and an azo compound represented by formula (2); or b) an azo compound represented by formula (1) and formula (3). It can be produced by impregnating a substrate with a compound represented by the azo compound shown, a salt thereof, or a combination of transition metal complexes thereof, and iodine.
- a compound represented by the azo compound shown, a salt thereof, or a combination of transition metal complexes thereof, and iodine a combination of transition metal complexes thereof, and iodine.
- a 1 represents a phenyl group having a substituent or a naphthyl group
- R 1 or R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a sulfo group
- X 1 represents an amino group that may have a substituent, a benzoylamino group that may have a substituent, an aminobenzoylamino group that may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- X 1 is preferably an amino group which may have a substituent, a benzoylamino group which may have a substituent, or a phenylamino group which may have a substituent, and more preferably X 1 may be 1 is a phenyl amino group which may have a substituent, more preferably, it a 1 is a phenyl group having a substituent is preferable because it is a higher degree of polarization of application of the polarizing element .
- the lower alkyl group and the lower alkoxy group in the present application indicate that the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 3.
- a 1 when A 1 specifically represents a phenyl group having a substituent, the substituent on the phenyl group in A 1 has a sulfo group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, or a sulfo group.
- a lower alkoxy group, a carboxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a substituted amino group may be mentioned.
- a 1 preferably has at least one sulfo group as a substituent.
- one of the substituents is a sulfo group or a carboxy group, preferably a sulfo group, and other substituents include a sulfo group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group.
- a lower alkoxy group having a group, a carboxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a substituted amino group is preferred.
- the lower alkoxy group having a sulfo group is preferably straight-chain alkoxy, and the substitution position of the sulfo group is preferably an alkoxy group end, more preferably a 3-sulfopropoxy group or a 4-sulfobutoxy group.
- Examples of the substituted amino group include an acetylamino group.
- a sulfo group, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group is more preferable.
- the number of substituents on the phenyl group in A 1 is preferably 1 or 2, and the substitution position is not particularly limited, but a combination of 2-position and 4-position is preferred.
- a 1 represents a naphthyl group having a substituent
- the substituent in the naphthyl group represented by A 1 does not include a hydrogen atom, and is a sulfo group, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, a nitro group, or a substituted group.
- Examples thereof include an amide group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms having a sulfo group, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms having a sulfo group, a hydroxy group or a sulfo group is preferable.
- the substituent in the naphthyl group represented by A 1 preferably has at least one sulfo group. When the naphthyl group represented by A 1 has two or more substituents, one of the substituents is a sulfo group, and the other substituents have 1 carbon atom having a sulfo group, a hydroxy group, and a sulfo group.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms having a sulfo group is preferably a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms having a sulfo group, and a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms having a sulfo group at the terminal of the alkoxy group.
- a group is more preferable, and a 3-sulfopropoxy group or a 4-sulfobutoxy group is more preferable.
- the naphthyl group represented by A 1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of a naphthyl group substituted with 2 or 3 sulfo groups, or a hydroxy group, a 3-sulfopropoxy group, and a 4-sulfobutoxy group.
- a naphthyl group substituted with 1 or 2 sulfo groups and a naphthyl group substituted with 2 or 3 sulfo groups, or a naphthyl group substituted with a 3-sulfopropoxy group and a sulfo group is preferred. More preferred.
- a disulfonaphthyl group or a trisulfonaphthyl group is more preferable, and a trisulfonaphthyl group is most preferable.
- the preferred substitution positions of these substituents on the naphthalene ring are the 1-position and 3-position when there are two substituents, and the 1-position, 3-position and 6-position when there are three substituents.
- the substitution position of the azo group in the naphthyl group is preferably the 2-position.
- X 1 may have an amino group that may have a substituent, a benzoylamino group that may have a substituent, an aminobenzoylamino group that may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- a good phenylamino group or a phenylazo group which may have a substituent is shown.
- X 1 may have a substituent.
- the substituent includes a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfo group, an amino group.
- a group or a substituted amino group is preferable, and examples of the substituted amino group include an acetylamino group.
- X 1 is a phenylamino group which may have a substituent
- the substituent is preferably a methyl group, a methoxy group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, preferably an acetylamino group, or a sulfo group, and a methyl group
- a methoxy group or an amino group is more preferable.
- the number and substitution position of the substituents on the phenyl group are not particularly limited.
- the number of substituents is preferably 0 to 2, and when a substituent other than hydrogen is present, at least one substituent is preferably present at the p-position with respect to the bonding position to the amino group.
- the phenylamino group which may have a substituent include a phenylamino group, 4-methylphenylamino group, 4-methoxyphenylamino group, 4-aminophenylamino group, 4-amino-2-sulfophenylamino. Group, 4-amino-3-sulfophenylamino group, 4-sulfomethylaminophenylamino group or 4-carboxyethylaminophenylamino group.
- X 1 is a benzoylamino group which may have a substituent
- the substituent is a substituted amino group exemplified by an amino group and an acetylamino group, preferably a hydroxy group, more preferably an amino group and A substituted amino group exemplified by an acetylamino group, more preferably an amino group.
- the number of the substituents on the phenyl group is usually 0 to 1, and the substitution position is not particularly limited. However, when a substituent other than a hydrogen atom is present, the p-position is preferred.
- X 1 is a benzoylamino group
- the substituent represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group or a substituted amino group, and a substituted amino group exemplified by a hydrogen atom, an amino group or an acetylamino group is preferred.
- the position of the substituent is preferably the p-position.
- the benzoylamino group include benzoylamino group, 4-aminobenzoylamino group, 4-hydroxybenzoylamino group, 4- (3-carboxy-1-oxopropylamino) benzoylamino group, 4- (2-carbomethoxy). -1-oxoethylamino) benzoylamino group, and the like.
- aminobenzoylamino groups are more preferred.
- substituents include a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- a hydroxy group, an amino group, a methyl group, a methoxy group or a carboxy group is preferable, and a hydroxy group is more preferable.
- the number of substituents is usually from 0 to 3, and preferably from 1 to 2.
- phenylazo group examples include 2-methylphenylazo group, 3-methylphenylazo group, 2,5-dimethylphenylazo group, 3-methoxyphenylazo group, 2-methoxy-5-methylphenylazo group, 2, 5 -Dimethoxyphenylazo group, 4-aminophenylazo group, 4-hydroxyphenylazo group, 4-carboxyethylaminophenylazo group, etc., and 4-aminophenylazo group, 4-hydroxyphenylazo group or 4- A carboxyethylaminophenylazo group is preferred.
- a 2 and A 3 each independently represent a phenyl group having a substituent or a naphthyl group, and at least one of the substituents is a hydrogen atom, a sulfo group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, A lower alkoxy group having a sulfo group, a carboxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a substituted amino group, wherein R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a sulfo group; A lower alkoxy group having a group is shown.
- a 2 and A 3 are each independently a naphthyl group, more preferably A 2 and A 3 are both naphthyl groups having a sulfo group, and still more preferably R 3 and R 4 are each independently A lower alkoxyl group is preferable because the polarizing element of the present application having a higher degree of polarization can be obtained.
- a 4 represents a nitro group or an amino group
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a sulfo group, or a lower alkoxy group having a sulfo group
- X 2 Represents an amino group which may have a substituent and a phenylamino group which may have a substituent.
- a 4 is preferably a nitro group, and more preferably, R 9 is a lower alkoxyl group because the polarizing element of the present application having a higher degree of polarization can be obtained.
- the azo compound of the formula (3) can be in the form of a salt or a complex, and in particular, a transition metal complex complexed with a metal such as copper is preferable for higher performance. .
- an azo compound may be added as a color correction to the extent that the performance of the present application is not impaired.
- those having high dichroism are preferable.
- an azo compound as shown in Non-Patent Document 1 C.I. Ai. direct. Yellow 12, sea. Ai. direct. Yellow 28, Sea. Ai. direct. Yellow 44, Sea. Ai. direct. Orange 26, Sea. Eye. direct. Orange 39, sea. Ai. direct. Orange 107, sea. Ai. direct. Red 2, sea. Ai. direct. Red 31, sea. Ai. direct. Red 79, Sea. Ai. direct. Red 81, Sea. Ai. direct. Red 247, Sea. Ai. direct. Green 80, Sea. Ai. direct.
- Green 59 and azo compounds described in JP-B-64-5623, JP-A-3-12606, JP-A-2001-33627, JP-A-2002-296417, and JP-A-60-156759 Can be mentioned.
- an azo compound having a phenyl J acid in the trisazo structure can be preferably used, and in particular, the azo compound described in JP-A-3-12606 is an azo compound of the formulas (1) to (3) of the present invention.
- an azo compound described in JP-A-3-12606 which has phenyl J acid in a trisazo structure, iodine of the present invention, and an azo compound of the formula (1) It is particularly preferable to use the compound and the azo compound of the formula (3) in a polarizing element.
- These azo compounds can be used as free metal, alkali metal salt (for example, Na salt, K salt, Li salt), ammonium salt, or amine salt.
- the azo compound is not limited to these, and an azo compound having a known dichroism can be used.
- the azo compound is a free acid, a salt thereof, or a copper complex dye thereof, whereby the optical properties are particularly improved.
- This azo compound may be used alone or in combination with other azo compounds, and the blending is not limited.
- the a * value obtained in accordance with JIS Z 8729 and the a * value at the time of measuring the single transmittance in the b * value is within 1 as an absolute value
- the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the two base materials parallel to the absorption axis direction are within 2 as an absolute value.
- the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the two substrates perpendicular to the absorption axis direction are within 2 as absolute values
- the single transmittance is 35% to A 45% polarizing element can be realized.
- the a * value and b * value at the time of measuring single transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and the two base materials are in the direction of the absorption axis.
- a * value and b * value obtained by measuring in parallel with respect to each other are within 2 as absolute values, and obtained by measuring the two substrates perpendicular to the absorption axis direction.
- transmission of each wavelength when irradiated with polarized light in which the vibration direction of almost 100% of polarized light (hereinafter referred to as absolute polarized light) is orthogonal to the absorption axis direction of the substrate (polarizing element).
- absolute polarized light polarized light in which the vibration direction of almost 100% of polarized light
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and the average transmittance of 400 nm to 460 is within 4%
- the difference between the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm and the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm is within 3%.
- an average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and 400 nm By adjusting the difference between the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm and the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm within 1%, the difference from 1 to 460 is within 1%. It can be.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and the transmittance of 400 nm to 460 is within 3.5% with respect to the transmittance of each wavelength when the polarized light having the vibration direction of the absolute polarized light is orthogonal.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm and the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm is preferably controlled within 2.5%, and more preferably, the polarization direction of the absolutely polarized light is orthogonal.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and 400 nm to 460 is within 3.0%, and the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm is 550 to 600 nm. It is preferable to control the difference from the average transmittance within 2.0%.
- the azo compound represented by the formula (1) As a method for obtaining the azo compound represented by the formula (1), it can be produced by a method described in JP-A No. 2003-215338, JP-A No. 9-302250, Japanese Patent No. 3881175, etc., but is not limited thereto. Absent.
- Specific examples of the azo compound represented by the formula (1) include C.I. I. Direct Red81, C.I. I. Direct Red 117, C.I. I. Examples thereof include Direct Red 127, an azo compound of the formula (2) described in Japanese Patent No. 3881175, a dye described in the formula (1) of Japanese Patent No. 4033443, and the like.
- the azo compound represented by the formula (2) for example, it can be obtained by the method described in WO2012 / 165223, but is not limited thereto.
- Examples of the method for obtaining the azo compound represented by the formula (3) include methods described in JP-A-60-156759, JP-A-2-61988, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-197600, but are not limited thereto. It is not something.
- a specific method for producing a polarizing element will be described using a polyvinyl alcohol resin film as an example of the substrate.
- the manufacturing method of a polyvinyl alcohol-type resin is not specifically limited, It can produce with a well-known method. As a production method, for example, it can be obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate resin.
- the polyvinyl acetate resin include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers copolymerizable therewith.
- Examples of other monomers copolymerized with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefins, vinyl ethers, and unsaturated sulfonic acids.
- the degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually about 85 to 100 mol%, preferably 95 mol% or more.
- This polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be further modified, and for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes may be used.
- the polymerization degree of a polyvinyl alcohol-type resin means a viscosity average polymerization degree, and can be calculated
- a film made of such a polyvinyl alcohol resin is used as a raw film.
- the method for forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and can be formed by a known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film may contain glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol or the like as a plasticizer.
- the amount of the plasticizer is 5 to 20 wt%, preferably 8 to 15 wt%.
- the film thickness of the raw film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin is not particularly limited, but for example, about 5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, preferably about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m is preferable.
- the original film obtained as described above is then subjected to a swelling process.
- the swelling treatment is applied by immersing in a solution at 20 to 50 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the solution is preferably water.
- the draw ratio may be adjusted to 1.00 to 1.50 times, preferably 1.10 to 1.35 times.
- the swelling process may be omitted because it swells even during the dyeing process.
- the swelling step is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution at 20 to 50 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the solution is preferably water.
- the dyeing process is performed after the swelling process.
- dyeing can be performed using iodine and an azo compound represented by formulas (1) to (3).
- iodine it is sufficient that iodine can be impregnated into the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film, and as a method for impregnation, a method in which iodine or iodide is dissolved in water and impregnated is preferable.
- the iodide include potassium iodide, ammonium iodide, cobalt iodide, and zinc iodide, but are not limited to the iodides shown here.
- the iodine concentration is 0.0001 wt% to 0.5 wt%, preferably 0.001 wt% to 0.4 wt%, and the iodide concentration is preferably 0.0001 wt% to 8 wt%.
- the dye described in Non-Patent Document 1 and the azo compounds represented by the formulas (1) to (3) can be adsorbed to the polyvinyl alcohol film in the dyeing step.
- the dyeing process is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for adsorbing the pigment to the polyvinyl alcohol film.
- the dyeing process is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution containing a dichroic dye.
- the solution temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 60 ° C, more preferably 20 to 50 ° C, and particularly preferably 35 to 50 ° C.
- the time for dipping in the solution can be adjusted moderately, but is preferably adjusted from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably from 1 to 10 minutes.
- the dyeing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can also be performed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- the solution containing the dichroic dye can contain sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate and the like as a dyeing assistant.
- iodine and azo compound are contained in any concentration depending on the time and temperature depending on the dyeability of the dye, but the respective content is preferably 0 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
- the order in which iodine and azo compound are contained may be treated simultaneously, but a dyeing method in which azo compound is contained after iodine is contained or, more preferably, iodine is contained after azo compound is contained. This method is preferable from the viewpoints of dyeing solution management and productivity.
- the azo compound may be used as a free acid or may be a salt of the compound. Such salts can also be used as alkali metal salts such as lithium salts, sodium salts, and potassium salts, or organic salts such as ammonium salts and alkylamine salts. Preferably, it is a sodium salt.
- the dyeing process 1 is a process of washing the dye solvent adhering to the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in the dyeing process. By performing the washing step 1, it is possible to suppress the migration of the dye into the liquid to be processed next.
- water is generally used.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can also be washed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- the washing time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.
- the temperature of the solvent in the washing step 1 needs to be a temperature at which the hydrophilic polymer does not dissolve. Generally, it is washed at 5 to 40 ° C. However, since there is no problem in performance even without the cleaning step 1, this step can be omitted.
- a step of adding a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent can be performed.
- the crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-resistant agent examples include succinic peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride, preferably boric acid.
- succinic peroxide ammonium persulfate
- calcium perchlorate benzoin ethyl ether
- ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether glycerin diglycidyl ether
- ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride preferably boric acid.
- the step of containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent is performed using at least one kind of crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent shown above.
- water is preferable, but it is not limited.
- the concentration of the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent in the solvent in the step of adding the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent is 0.1 to 6.0 when boric acid is used as an example. % By weight is preferable, and 1.0 to 4.0% by weight is more preferable.
- the solvent temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 70 ° C, more preferably 5 to 50 ° C. Although it is preferable to immerse the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution containing a crosslinking agent and / or a waterproofing agent, the solution may be applied to or coated on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- the treatment time in this step is preferably 30 seconds to 6 minutes, more preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
- this processing step may be omitted if a cross-linking treatment or a water-resistant treatment is unnecessary. .
- the stretching step is a step of stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film uniaxially.
- the stretching method may be either a wet stretching method or a dry stretching method, and the present invention can be achieved by stretching the stretching ratio by 3 times or more.
- the draw ratio is 3 times or more, preferably 5 to 7 times.
- the stretching heating medium is an air medium
- the temperature of the air medium is preferably stretched at a room temperature to 180 ° C.
- the treatment is preferably performed in an atmosphere of 20 to 95% RH.
- the heating method include an inter-roll zone stretching method, a roll heating stretching method, a pressure stretching method, an infrared heating stretching method, and the like, but the stretching method is not limited.
- the stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more multi-step stretching.
- stretching is performed in water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or a mixed solution thereof. It is preferable to perform the stretching treatment while being immersed in a solution containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent.
- a crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-proofing agents examples include succinic peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride, and magnesium chloride.
- Stretching is performed in a solution containing at least one or more crosslinking agents and / or waterproofing agents as described above.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably boric acid.
- the concentration of the crosslinking agent and / or waterproofing agent in the stretching step is preferably, for example, 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 2.0 to 8.0% by weight.
- the draw ratio is preferably 2 to 8 times, more preferably 5 to 7 times.
- the stretching temperature is preferably 40 to 60 ° C, more preferably 45 to 58 ° C.
- the stretching time is usually from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 5 minutes.
- the wet stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more steps.
- the film surface may be subjected to a cleaning step (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning step 2) because the cross-linking agent and / or waterproofing agent may precipitate or foreign matter may adhere to the film surface.
- a cleaning step 2 a cleaning step
- the washing time is preferably 1 second to 5 minutes.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in a washing solution, but the solution can be washed on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film by coating or coating.
- the cleaning process can be performed in one stage, and the multi-stage process of two or more stages can be performed.
- the solution temperature in the washing step is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 50 ° C., preferably 10 to 40 ° C.
- the solvent used in the treatment steps so far, for example, water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol or triethylene glycol
- the solvent include, but are not limited to, alcohols such as methylolpropane, and amines such as ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine. A mixture of one or more of these solvents can also be used.
- the most preferred solvent is water.
- a film drying process is performed.
- the drying process can be performed by natural drying, but in order to further improve the drying efficiency, the surface can be removed by compression with a roll, an air knife, a water absorption roll, etc., and / or blow drying is performed. You can also.
- the drying treatment temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- a drying treatment time of 30 seconds to 20 minutes can be applied, but 5 to 10 minutes is preferable.
- a polarizing element comprising a substrate containing a dichroic dye composed of iodine and an azo compound represented by formulas (1) to (3) by the above method, wherein the a * value obtained according to JIS Z 8729,
- the a * value and the b * value at the time of measuring the single transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and obtained by measuring the two base materials parallel to the absorption axis direction.
- the a * value and b * value are within 2 as absolute values
- the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the two substrates perpendicular to the absorption axis direction are absolute values.
- a polarizing plate is provided by providing a transparent protective layer on one side or both sides of the obtained polarizing element.
- the transparent protective layer can be provided as a polymer coating layer or as a film laminate layer.
- the transparent polymer or film forming the transparent protective layer is preferably a transparent polymer or film having high mechanical strength and good thermal stability.
- cellulose acetate resin such as triacetyl cellulose or diacetyl cellulose or film thereof, acrylic resin or film thereof, polyvinyl chloride resin or film thereof, nylon resin or film thereof, polyester resin or film thereof
- imide and / or amide resins or polymers or films thereof include imide and / or amide resins or polymers or films thereof.
- a resin having liquid crystallinity or a film thereof can be provided as the transparent protective layer.
- the thickness of the protective film is, for example, about 0.5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- a polarizing plate is produced by providing one or more layers of the same or different types of resins or films on one side or both sides.
- An adhesive is required to bond the transparent protective layer to the polarizing element.
- a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive agent is preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol adhesive include, but are not limited to, GOHSENOL NH-26 (manufactured by Nihon Gosei Co., Ltd.) and EXEVAL RS-2117 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.).
- a cross-linking agent and / or a waterproofing agent can be added to the adhesive.
- As the polyvinyl alcohol adhesive a maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymer is used, but if necessary, an adhesive mixed with a crosslinking agent can be used.
- maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymers for example, isoban # 18 (manufactured by Kuraray), isoban # 04 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 104 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 110 (manufactured by Kuraray) ), Imidized isoban # 304 (manufactured by Kuraray), imidized isoban # 310 (manufactured by Kuraray), and the like.
- a water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound can be used as the crosslinking agent at that time.
- the water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound examples include Denacol EX-521 (manufactured by Nagase Chemtech) and Tetrad-C (manufactured by Mitsui Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- adhesives other than polyvinyl alcohol resin well-known adhesives, such as urethane type, an acrylic type, and an epoxy type, can also be used.
- additives such as zinc compounds, chlorides, iodides and the like can be simultaneously contained at a concentration of about 0.1 to 10% by weight. The additive is not limited. After laminating the transparent protective layer with an adhesive, the polarizing plate is obtained by drying or heat treatment at a suitable temperature.
- the obtained polarizing plate when the obtained polarizing plate is bonded to a display device such as a liquid crystal or organic electroluminescence, various functions for improving the viewing angle and / or the contrast on the surface of the protective layer or film that will be the non-exposed surface later.
- a layer or a film having a brightness layer, a brightness enhancement property, or the like can also be provided.
- the polarizing plate may have various known functional layers such as an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and a hard coat layer on the other surface, that is, the exposed surface of the protective layer or film.
- a coating method is preferable for producing the layer having various functions, but a film having the function can be bonded through an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the various functional layers can be a layer or a film for controlling the phase difference.
- the a * value and b * value at the time of measuring single transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and the base material 2
- the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the sheets parallel to the absorption axis direction are within 2 as absolute values, and the two substrates are measured perpendicular to the absorption axis direction.
- a polarizing element having a single transmittance of 35% to 45% and a polarizing plate characterized in that the a * value and b * value obtained in this way are within 2 as absolute values can be obtained.
- the liquid crystal display device using the polarizing element or polarizing plate of the present invention is a highly reliable liquid crystal display device having high contrast over the long term and high color reproducibility.
- the polarizing element or polarizing plate of the present invention is provided with a protective layer or functional layer and a support as necessary, and is provided with a liquid crystal projector, calculator, watch, notebook computer, word processor, liquid crystal television, polarizing lens, polarizing glasses. Used in car navigation, indoor and outdoor measuring instruments and displays. In particular, it is used as an effective polarizing element or polarizing plate in a reflective liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device, organic electroluminescence, and the like.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention may be used as a polarizing plate with a support.
- the support preferably has a flat portion, and since it is used for optical purposes, a glass molded product is preferable.
- the glass molded product include a glass plate, a lens, and a prism (for example, a triangular prism and a cubic prism).
- a lens attached with a polarizing plate can be used as a condenser lens with a polarizing plate in a liquid crystal projector.
- a prism attached with a polarizing plate can be used as a polarizing beam splitter with a polarizing plate or a dichroic prism with a polarizing plate in a liquid crystal projector.
- the material of the glass include inorganic glass such as soda glass, borosilicate glass, inorganic base made of quartz, inorganic base made of sapphire, and organic plastic plates such as acrylic and polycarbonate. Is preferred.
- the glass plate may have a desired thickness and size. In order to further improve the single plate light transmittance, it is preferable to provide an AR layer on one or both of the glass surface and the polarizing plate surface of the polarizing plate with glass.
- a transparent adhesive (adhesive) agent is applied to the flat surface of the support, and then the polarizing plate of the present invention is attached to the coated surface.
- a transparent adhesive (adhesive) agent may be applied to the polarizing plate, and then a support may be attached to the coated surface.
- the adhesive (adhesive) agent used here is preferably, for example, an acrylic ester-based one.
- the transmittance of each wavelength when measuring a polarizing element or a polarizing plate with one sheet is defined as transmittance Ts, and two polarizing elements or polarizing plates are stacked so that their absorption axis directions are the same.
- the transmissivity of each wavelength in this case is the parallel transmissivity Tp, and the transmissivity of each wavelength when the two polarizing plates are stacked so that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other is the transmissivity Tc of the C light source and the C light source 2 ° field of view.
- a spectrophotometer [“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.] where Ys is a single transmittance whose visibility is corrected by the chromaticity function, Yp is a parallel transmittance whose visibility has been corrected, and Yc is a orthogonal transmittance whose visibility has been corrected. ]
- Ys is a single transmittance whose visibility is corrected by the chromaticity function
- Yp is a parallel transmittance whose visibility has been corrected
- Yc is a orthogonal transmittance whose visibility has been corrected.
- the hue at right angle here means the hue that appears when two polarizing plates are measured in a state where the absorption axes are perpendicular to each other, and the hue at parallel position means two polarized lights. It means the hue that is colored when the plates are measured with the absorption axes being perpendicular to each other.
- the hues indicate neutral colors as a * and b * are closer to zero.
- a * value when it is positive, it shows reddishness, when it is negative, it shows green, when b * is positive, it shows yellowishness, and when it becomes negative, it shows blueness.
- the degree of polarization Py was determined by the following equation from the parallel transmittance Yp corrected for visibility and the orthogonal transmittance Yc corrected for visibility.
- the transmittance when irradiated with absolute polarized light was measured using a spectrophotometer [“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.].
- a spectrophotometer ““U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.”.
- an iodine-based polarizing plate (made by Pola Techno Co., Ltd.) having a transmittance of 43% and a polarization degree of 99.99% based on JIS Z 8729 (C light source 2 ° field of view) on the light exit side.
- SKN-18043P was installed as an absolute polarizing plate so that absolute polarized light could enter the measurement sample.
- the transmittance of the polarizing element of the present application at the time of incidence of absolute polarized light was measured.
- the protective layer of SKN-18043P was triacetyl cellulose having no ultraviolet absorbing ability.
- the absorption axis of the polarizing plate of the present invention is parallel to the absorption axis of the absolute polarizing plate
- Ky is the absolute parallel transmittance of each wavelength obtained by measurement when absolute polarized light is incident.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention The absolute orthogonal transmittance of each wavelength obtained by measuring when the absolute polarization axis is orthogonal to the absorption axis of the absolute polarizing plate and incident upon the incidence of absolute polarized light is Kz, and Ky and Kz of each wavelength are It was measured.
- Examples 1 to 4 show the results of producing the polarizing element of the present invention using a combination of the azo compound represented by the above formula (1) and the azo compound represented by the above formula (2).
- Example 1 A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a saponification degree of 99% or more and an average polymerization degree of 2400 was immersed in warm water at 45 ° C. for 2 minutes, and a swelling treatment was applied to make the draw ratio 1.30 times.
- the film subjected to the swelling treatment was treated with 1500 parts by weight of water, 1.5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, and C.I. I. Direct Red 81 0.1 part by weight, WO2012 / 165223 having the structure of formula (2) 0.85 part by weight of the dye shown in Synthesis 2 was immersed in an aqueous solution adjusted to 45 ° C.
- the film obtained by dyeing was stretched for 5 minutes in a 50 ° C. aqueous solution containing 30.0 g / l boric acid while being stretched 5.0 times. While maintaining the tension state of the film obtained by the boric acid treatment, the film was treated for 20 seconds while being kept at 30 ° C. with an aqueous solution adjusted to 20 g / l of potassium iodide. The film obtained by the treatment was dried at 70 ° C. for 9 minutes to obtain the polarizing element of the present invention.
- Example 2 C described in Example 1 I.
- a polarizing element was prepared and measured in the same manner except that 0.1 part by weight of Direct Red 81 was changed to 0.07 part by weight of the azo compound described in Synthesis Example 1 having the structure of Formula (1). A sample was used.
- Example 3 In Example 2, the time for containing the azo compound in the polyvinyl alcohol film was changed from 3 minutes 30 seconds to 3 minutes 00 seconds, boric acid (manufactured by Societazia lardrello sp.) 28.6 g / l, iodine (genuine) 1 product at 30 ° C.
- boric acid manufactured by Societazia lardrello sp.
- a polarizing element was prepared in the same manner except that it was soaked for 2 seconds to contain iodine and iodide and dyed, and used as a measurement sample.
- Example 4 In Example 2, 0.07 part by weight of the azo compound described in Synthesis Example 1 having the structure of Formula (1) as an azo compound containing the azo compound in the polyvinyl alcohol film, and Formula (2) In addition to 0.85 parts by weight of the dye shown in Synthesis 2 of WO2012 / 165223 having the structure of JP-A-3-12606 having a phenyl J acid in the trisazo structure, 0.08 parts by weight of the azo compound described in Example 1 was added. A polarizing element was prepared in the same manner as described above, and used as a measurement sample.
- Comparative Example 1 A measurement sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an iodine-based polarizing element not containing a dichroic dye was prepared according to the formulation of Comparative Example 1.
- Example 2 JP, 11-218611 A A polarizing element was produced like Example 1 except that a polarizing element only with a dichroic dye was produced according to a method of Example 1, and it was set as a measurement sample.
- Comparative Example 3 Patent No. 4162334 A polarizing element was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a dye-based polarizing element containing only a dichroic dye was prepared according to the method of Example 3, and used as a measurement sample.
- Comparative Example 4 Patent No. 4360100 A polarizing element was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a dye-based polarizing element containing only a dichroic dye was prepared according to the method of Example 1, and used as a measurement sample.
- Table 2 shows an average transmittance of 400 nm to 460 nm upon incidence of absolute polarized light of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, an average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm, an average transmittance of 600 nm to 670 nm, The absolute value of the difference between the average transmittance of 400 nm to 460 nm and the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm is shown, and the absolute value of the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and the average transmittance of 600 nm to 670 nm is shown.
- a polarizing plate obtained by subjecting a polarizing element obtained by drying to an alkali treatment (TD-80U manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) as a transparent protective layer is laminated with a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive to form a polarizing plate.
- the optical characteristics of the polarizing element did not change. Also from this fact, it was found that the polarizing plate obtained using the polarizing element similarly has the same performance.
- Examples 5 to 9 show the results of producing the polarizing element of the present invention using a combination of the azo compound represented by the above formula (1) and the azo compound represented by the above formula (3).
- Example 5 A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a saponification degree of 99% or more and an average polymerization degree of 2400 was immersed in warm water at 45 ° C. for 2 minutes, and a swelling treatment was applied to make the draw ratio 1.30 times.
- the film subjected to the swelling treatment was treated with 1500 parts by weight of water, 1.5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, and C.I. I. Direct Red 81 0.1 part by weight, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-61988 having the structure of the formula (3) No. 2-61988 Dye shown in Example 3 0.135 part by weight in an aqueous solution adjusted to 45 ° C.
- the film thus obtained was immersed in boric acid (manufactured by Societazia lardrello sp.) 28.6 g / l, iodine (manufactured by Junsei Kagaku) 0.25 g / l, potassium iodide (manufactured by Junsei Kagaku)
- boric acid manufactured by Societazia lardrello sp.
- iodine manufactured by Junsei Kagaku
- potassium iodide manufactured by Junsei Kagaku
- the film was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 17.7 g / l and ammonium iodide (manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.0 g / l at 30 ° C. for 2 minutes to contain iodine and iodide for dyeing.
- the film obtained by dyeing was stretched for 5 minutes in a 50 ° C. aqueous solution containing 30.0 g / l boric acid while being stretched 5.0 times. While maintaining the tension state of the film obtained by the boric acid treatment, the film was treated for 20 seconds while being kept at 30 ° C. with an aqueous solution adjusted to 20 g / l of potassium iodide. The film obtained by the treatment was dried at 70 ° C. for 9 minutes to obtain the polarizing element of the present invention.
- a polarizing plate was obtained by laminating a triacetyl cellulose film (TD-80U manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) obtained by subjecting the polarizing element obtained by drying to an alkali treatment using a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive.
- the obtained polarizing plate was cut into 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm, and bonded to a 1 mm glass plate via an adhesive PTR-3000 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) to obtain a measurement sample.
- Example 6 C.I. described in Example 5 I. Polarizing element and polarizing plate, except that 0.1 part by weight of Direct Red 81 is changed to 0.07 part by weight of the azo compound described in Synthesis Example 1 having the structure of formula (1) was prepared as a measurement sample.
- Example 7 In Example 6, the time for containing the azo compound in the polyvinyl alcohol film was changed from 3 minutes 30 seconds to 3 minutes 00 seconds, boric acid (manufactured by Societazia lardrello sp.) 28.6 g / l, iodine (genuine) (Manufactured by Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.25 g / l, potassium iodide (manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 17.7 g / l, ammonium iodide (manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.0 g / l in aqueous solution at 30 ° C. for 1 minute A polarizing element and a polarizing plate were prepared in the same manner except that the sample was immersed for a second and dyed with iodine and iodide to prepare a measurement sample.
- boric acid manufactured by Societazia lard
- Example 8 In Example 6, as an azo compound containing the azo compound in the polyvinyl alcohol film, 0.07 part by weight of the azo compound described in Synthesis Example 1 having the structure of the formula (1), and the formula (3) Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-61988 having the structure of Example 3 except that 0.135 parts by weight of the dye shown in Example 3 and 0.08 parts by weight of the azo compound described in Example 1 of JP-A-3-12606 are added. Made a polarizing element and a polarizing plate in the same manner as a measurement sample.
- Example 9 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-61988 having the structure of the formula (3) used in Example 6 0.135 parts by weight of the dye shown in Example 3 was used in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-156759 having the structure of the formula (3).
- No. Azo compound described in Example 24 Except for changing to 0.155 parts by weight, a polarizing element and a polarizing plate were similarly produced to obtain a measurement sample.
- Comparative Examples 5-8 A polarizing plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 using the polarizing elements prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and used as a measurement sample.
- Table 5 shows measurement results of Ys, ⁇ , a * -s, b * -s, a * -p, b * -p, a * -c, and b * -c in Examples 5 to 9 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8. 3 shows.
- Table 4 shows the average transmittance of 400 nm to 460 nm upon incidence of absolute polarized light of Examples 5 to 9 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8, average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm, average transmittance of 600 nm to 670 nm, The absolute value of the difference between the average transmittance of 400 nm to 460 nm and the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm is shown, and the absolute value of the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and the average transmittance of 600 nm to 670 nm is shown.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has the a * value and the b * value defined in JIS Z 8729.
- a * value and b * value at the time of measuring single transmittance are within 1 as absolute values, and a * value obtained by measuring the two base materials parallel to the absorption axis direction, and b * The value is within 2 as an absolute value, and the a * value and b * value obtained by measuring the two base materials perpendicular to the absorption axis direction are within 2 as an absolute value.
- the polarizing element and the polarizing plate of the present invention are approximately 31 to 32% polarizing plate described in Example 1 or 2 of Japanese Patent No. 3357803 (Patent Document 2) which is a conventional technique. It can be seen that it has a higher transmittance. Further, when the average transmittance exceeds 40%, the L value (L *) also exceeds 70, so that a considerably good polarizing element is obtained. It is said that when the hue of the color medium is within ⁇ 1.0 and L * exceeds 65, white like paper of good quality can be realized, but when L * becomes 70, high A polarizing plate capable of realizing white like quality paper, so-called paper white, was obtained.
- the polarizing elements and polarizing plates of Examples 1 to 9 are vibrations of absolute polarized light with respect to the absorption axis direction of the substrate polarizing element.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and 400 nm to 460 is within 4%, and the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm.
- the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm is less than 3% with respect to the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm, and furthermore, when polarized light whose absolute polarization light oscillation direction is parallel to the absorption axis direction of the base material polarizing element is irradiated.
- the difference between the average transmittance of 550 nm to 600 nm and 400 nm to 460 is within 1%
- the average transmittance of 600 to 670 nm is the average transmittance of 550 to 600 nm. It can be seen but a polarizing element is adjusted to within 1%.
- a polarizing plate obtained using such a polarizing element has high transmittance, but can express achromatic white when the absorption axis of the polarizing element is set in parallel, and the absorption axis of the polarizing element is Achromatic black can be expressed when installed orthogonally. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device using the polarizing element or the polarizing plate of the present invention has not only high brightness and high contrast but also high reliability, long-term high contrast, and high color reproducibility. Become a device.
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Abstract
Description
(1) ヨウ素と、アゾ化合物が含有した基材よりなる偏光素子であって、
前記アゾ化合物が、a)式(1)で示されるアゾ化合物および式(2)で示されるアゾ化合物の組み合わせ;または、b)式(1)で示されるアゾ化合物および式(3)で示されるアゾ化合物で示される化合物、その塩、またはその遷移金属錯体の組み合わせであって、
JIS Z 8729に従って求められるa*値、および、b*値において、単体透過率測定時のa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として1以内であって、該基材2枚を吸収軸方向に対して平行にして測定して得られるa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として2以内であって、該基材2枚を吸収軸方向に対して直交にして測定して得られるa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として2以内であり、単体透過率が35%乃至45%であることを特徴とする該偏光素子;
(2)偏光度が99%以上であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の偏光素子;
(3)偏光素子の吸収軸方向に対して、絶対偏光光の振動方向が直交方向の偏光光を照射した際の各波長の透過率について、550nm乃至600nmの平均透過率と400nm乃至460との差が4%以内であって、かつ、600乃至670nmの平均透過率が550乃至600nmの平均透過率との差が3%以内であって、さらに、基材偏光素子の吸収軸方向に対して、絶対偏光光の振動方向が平行方向の偏光光を照射した際の各波長の透過率について、550nm乃至600nmの平均透過率と400nm乃至460との差が1%以内であって、かつ、600乃至670nmの平均透過率が550乃至600nmの平均透過率との差が1%以内であることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の偏光素子;
(4)基材が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルムによりなることを特徴とする(1)乃至(3)に記載の偏光素子;および
(5)(1)乃至(4)に記載の偏光素子の少なくとも片面に支持体フィルムを設けてなる偏光板;
(6)(1)乃至(4)に記載の偏光素子または(5)に偏光板を用いた液晶表示装置
に関する。
ケン化度99%以上の平均重合度2400のポリビニルアルコールフィルム(クラレ社製 VF-PS)を45℃の温水に2分浸漬し、膨潤処理を適用し延伸倍率を1.30倍とした。膨潤処理したフィルムを、水1500重量部、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム 1.5重量部、式(1)の構造を有するC.I.Direct Red 81 0.1重量部、式(2)の構造を有するWO2012/165223 合成2に示される染料 0.85重量部、を45℃に調整した水溶液に3分30秒浸漬し、得られたフィルムをホウ酸(Societa chimica lardrello s.p.a社製) 28.6g/l、沃素(純正化学社製) 0.25g/l,ヨウ化カリウム(純正化学社製) 17.7g/l、ヨウ化アンモニウム(純正化学社製)1.0g/lを含有した水溶液により30℃で2分浸漬してヨウ素、ヨウ化物を含有させ染色させた。その染色して得られたフィルムを、5.0倍に延伸しながらホウ酸30.0g/l含有した50℃の水溶液中で5分間の延伸処理を行った。そのホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムの緊張状態を保ちつつ、ヨウ化カリウム 20g/lに調整した水溶液で30℃に保ちつつ20秒間処理を行った。処理して得られたフィルムを70℃で9分間乾燥処理を行い、本発明の偏光素子を得た。
実施例1に記載のC.I.Direct Red 81 0.1重量部を式(1)の構造を有する特許第2003-215338 合成例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.07重量部に変えたこと以外は同様に偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
実施例2において、アゾ化合物をポリビニルアルコールフィルムに含有させる時間を3分30秒から3分00秒とし、ホウ酸(Societa chimica lardrello s.p.a社製) 28.6g/l、沃素(純正化学社製) 0.25g/l,ヨウ化カリウム(純正化学社製)17.7g/l、ヨウ化アンモニウム(純正化学社製) 1.0g/lを含有した水溶液により30℃で1分30秒浸漬してヨウ素、ヨウ化物を含有させ染色した以外は同様にして偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
実施例2において、アゾ化合物をポリビニルアルコールフィルムに含有させるアゾ化合物として、式(1)の構造を有する特許第2003-215338 合成例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.07重量部と、式(2)の構造を有するWO2012/165223 合成2に示される染料 0.85重量部と共に、トリスアゾ構造にフェニルJ酸を有する特開平3-12606号 実施例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.08重量部を加えた以外は同様にして偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
特開2008-065222 比較例1の処方に従い二色性染料を含まないヨウ素系偏光素子を作製した以外は、実施例1と同様にして測定試料とした。
特開平11-218611 実施例1の方法に従い二色性染料のみの偏光素子を作製した以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
特許 第4162334 実施例3の方法に従い二色性染料のみの染料系偏光素子を作製した以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
特許 第4360100 実施例1の方法に従い二色性染料のみの染料系偏光素子を作製した以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光素子を作製して測定試料とした。
ケン化度99%以上の平均重合度2400のポリビニルアルコールフィルム(クラレ社製 VF-PS)を45℃の温水に2分浸漬し、膨潤処理を適用し延伸倍率を1.30倍とした。膨潤処理したフィルムを、水1500重量部、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム 1.5重量部、式(1)の構造を有するC.I.Direct Red 81 0.1重量部、式(3)の構造を有する特公平2-61988号 実施例3に示されるに示される染料 0.135重量部を45℃に調整した水溶液に3分30秒浸漬し、得られたフィルムをホウ酸(Societa chimica lardrello s.p.a社製) 28.6g/l、沃素(純正化学社製) 0.25g/l, ヨウ化カリウム(純正化学社製) 17.7g/l、ヨウ化アンモニウム(純正化学社製) 1.0g/lを含有した水溶液により30℃で2分浸漬してヨウ素、ヨウ化物を含有させ染色させた。その染色して得られたフィルムを、5.0倍に延伸しながらホウ酸30.0g/l含有した50℃の水溶液中で5分間の延伸処理を行った。そのホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムの緊張状態を保ちつつ、ヨウ化カリウム 20g/lに調整した水溶液で30℃に保ちつつ20秒間処理を行った。処理して得られたフィルムを70℃で9分間乾燥処理を行い、本発明の偏光素子を得た。乾燥して得られた偏光素子をアルカリ処理したトリアセチルセルロースフィルム(富士写真フィルム社製 TD-80U)をポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を用いてラミネートして偏光板を得た。得られた偏光板40mm×40mmにカットし、粘着剤PTR-3000(日本化薬社製)を介して1mmのガラス板と貼り合わせて測定試料とした。
実施例5に記載のC.I.Direct Red 81 0.1重量部を式(1)の構造を有する特許第2003-215338 合成例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.07重量部に変えたこと以外は同様に偏光素子、および、偏光板を作製して測定試料とした。
実施例6において、アゾ化合物をポリビニルアルコールフィルムに含有させる時間を3分30秒から3分00秒とし、ホウ酸(Societa chimica lardrello s.p.a社製) 28.6g/l、沃素(純正化学社製) 0.25g/l, ヨウ化カリウム(純正化学社製) 17.7g/l、ヨウ化アンモニウム(純正化学社製) 1.0g/lを含有した水溶液により30℃で1分30秒浸漬してヨウ素、ヨウ化物を含有させ染色した以外は同様にして偏光素子、および、偏光板を作製して測定試料とした。
実施例6において、アゾ化合物をポリビニルアルコールフィルムに含有させるアゾ化合物として、式(1)の構造を有する特許第2003-215338 合成例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.07重量部と、式(3)の構造を有する特公平2-61988号 実施例3に示されるに示される染料 0.135重量部と共に、特開平3-12606号 実施例1に記載のアゾ化合物 0.08重量部を加えた以外は同様にして偏光素子、および、偏光板を作製して測定試料とした。
実施例6で用いた式(3)の構造を有する特公平2-61988号 実施例3に示されるに示される染料 0.135重量部を、式(3)の構造を有する特公昭60-156759号 実施例24に記載のアゾ化合物 0.155重量部に変えたこと以外は同様に偏光素子、および、偏光板を作製して測定試料とした。
上記比較例1~4で作成した偏光素子を用いて、上記実施例5と同様に偏光板を作製して測定試料とした。
Claims (6)
- ヨウ素と、アゾ化合物を含有した基材よりなる偏光素子であって、
前記アゾ化合物が、a)式(1)で示されるアゾ化合物および式(2)で示されるアゾ化合物の組み合わせ;または、b)式(1)で示されるアゾ化合物および式(3)で示されるアゾ化合物で示される化合物、その塩、またはその遷移金属錯体の組み合わせであって、
JIS Z 8729に従って求められるa*値、および、b*値において、単体透過率測定時のa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として1以内であって、該基材2枚を吸収軸方向に対して平行にして測定して得られるa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として2以内であって、該基材2枚を吸収軸方向に対して直交にして測定して得られるa*値、およびb*値が絶対値として2以内であり、
単体透過率が35%乃至45%であることを特徴とする該偏光素子。
(式中、A4はニトロ基もしくはアミノ基を示し、R9は水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、低級アルキル基、低級アルコキシ基、スルホ基、又はスルホ基を有する低級アルコキシ基を示し、X2は置換基を有してもよいアミノ基、置換基を有してもよいフェニルアミノ基を示す。) - 偏光度が99%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の偏光素子。
- 偏光素子の吸収軸方向に対して、絶対偏光光の振動方向が直交方向の偏光光を照射した際の各波長の透過率について、550nm乃至600nmの平均透過率と400nm乃至460との差が4%以内であって、かつ、600乃至670nmの平均透過率が550乃至600nmの平均透過率との差が3%以内であって、
さらに、偏光素子の吸収軸方向に対して、絶対偏光光の振動方向が平行方向の偏光光を照射した際の各波長の透過率について、550nm乃至600nmの平均透過率と400nm乃至460との差が1%以内であって、かつ、600乃至670nmの平均透過率が550乃至600nmの平均透過率との差が1%以内であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の偏光素子。 - 基材が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルムによりなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3に記載の偏光素子。
- 請求項1乃至4に記載の偏光素子の少なくとも片面に透明保護層を設けてなる偏光板。
- 請求項1乃至4に記載の偏光素子または請求項5に記載の偏光板を用いた液晶表示装置。
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WO2019117123A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 可視域および赤外域用偏光素子、および、偏光板 |
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CN111308602B (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2022-08-05 | 佛山纬达光电材料股份有限公司 | 一种混合型pva膜的制备方法及偏光片 |
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