WO2016140554A1 - 오염물질 저감장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
오염물질 저감장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016140554A1 WO2016140554A1 PCT/KR2016/002217 KR2016002217W WO2016140554A1 WO 2016140554 A1 WO2016140554 A1 WO 2016140554A1 KR 2016002217 W KR2016002217 W KR 2016002217W WO 2016140554 A1 WO2016140554 A1 WO 2016140554A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- washing water
- pipe
- seawater
- scrubber
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 955
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 472
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 296
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 124
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 88
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 67
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- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical group [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNGBUXVVZSOTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[N].S=O Chemical compound O=[N].S=O NNGBUXVVZSOTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
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- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- YTZIISLVLINEJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium dihypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]Cl.[O-]Cl YTZIISLVLINEJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLJWMCUZPYEUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium hyponitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]N=N[O-] HLJWMCUZPYEUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
- C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- C02F2201/005—Valves
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/14—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and filtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing pollutants, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for reducing pollutants capable of killing and discharging microorganisms contained in seawater and pollutants contained in exhaust gas of a combustion engine.
- the vessel also stores ballast water in ballast water tanks provided on the hull to maintain balance and draft. Since ballast water is filled in the sea of the source and then discharged in the sea of the destination, discharge of water without any water treatment may cause water pollution and changes in marine ecosystems.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pollutant reduction device that can kill and discharge the contaminants contained in the exhaust gas of the combustion engine and the microorganisms contained in the sea water.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing pollutants that can kill and discharge pollutants contained in exhaust gas of a combustion engine and microorganisms contained in seawater.
- One aspect of the pollutant reduction device of the present invention for solving the above problems is an exhaust gas pipe for exhausting the exhaust gas of the combustion engine; A washing water supply pipe for supplying washing water; A scrubber spraying the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe; And a washing water discharge pipe discharging the washing water inside the scrubber and supplying it to the ballast water tank.
- the pH value of the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe is lower than the pH value of the washing water flowing inside the washing water supply pipe.
- It is further connected to the exhaust pipe or the scrubber, and further comprises a purifying unit for oxidizing the nitrogen-based oxide, neutralize the acidified washing water, or kill the microorganisms contained in the washing water.
- a seawater supply pipe for receiving the seawater from the outside to supply the ballast water to the ballast water tank, the washing water supply pipe is branched from the seawater supply pipe.
- a control valve for controlling the amount of seawater flowing into the scrubber through the washing water supply pipe, and a control unit for controlling the control valve according to the concentration or pollution degree of the exhaust gas or the pH value of the washing water passed through the scrubber It includes more.
- the concentration and the pollution degree of the exhaust gas are determined by the amount of at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
- the control valve includes a three-way valve that connects the seawater supply pipe and the washing water supply pipe and adjusts the amount or ratio of seawater branched to the washing water supply pipe.
- washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe is recycled to the washing water supply pipe through the circulation pipe.
- a recirculation tank disposed between the washing water discharge pipe and the circulation pipe, a filter unit connected to the recirculation tank and separating solid particles contained in the discharged washing water, and connected to the filter unit. It further comprises a sludge tank in which the solid particles filtered by the collection.
- the purifying unit is connected to the exhaust gas pipe, the sea water supply pipe, or the scrubber, an oxidizing agent for electrolyzing seawater to oxidize nitrogen-based oxides, a neutralizing agent for neutralizing acidified washing water, or a sterilizing agent for killing microorganisms contained in seawater. Supply.
- the oxidizing agent is sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid produced by electrolyzing the seawater
- the sterilizing agent is sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid produced by electrolyzing the seawater
- the sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid is the exhaust gas.
- nitric acid or sulfuric acid produced by reaction with the seawater, and the neutralizer is a dilution solution of sodium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite produced by electrolyzing the seawater.
- a purifying unit connected to the exhaust gas pipe to oxidize the exhaust gas by generating pulse corona discharge and generate ozone to sterilize the washing water.
- the plasma purification unit is disposed between the first electrode of a pair of plate-like cylindrical or parallel to each other, and the inner space of the first electrode or between the first electrode and the flow direction of the exhaust gas Reaction module including a wire-shaped second electrode arranged in a vertical direction.
- One aspect of the pollutant reduction device of the present invention for solving the other problem the step of receiving the exhaust gas and the sea water from the outside of the combustion engine (a); (B) injecting an oxidant into the exhaust gas to oxidize nitrogen-based oxides to a scrubber; (C) separating a contaminant contained in the exhaust gas by spraying some of the introduced seawater on the scrubber; And (d) killing microorganisms contained in the introduced seawater using the separated contaminants.
- the washing water passing through the wet scrubber system may be supplied to the ballast water tank.
- the combined wet scrubber system and ballast water treatment system can reduce the installation and maintenance costs of the system, as well as increase the space utilization in the vessel.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 and 3 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- 6 and 7 are operation diagrams for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device of FIG.
- FIG 8 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 and 17 are diagrams schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reduction device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- 25 is a cutaway perspective view for explaining an example of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 24.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 25.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view for illustrating another example of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 24.
- FIG. 32 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the purifying unit of FIG. 32.
- 34 to 39 is a view showing the operation of the pollutant reduction device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1 is a device capable of simultaneously removing sulfur oxides contained in exhaust gas (see G1 in FIG. 2) and treating microorganisms contained in ballast water.
- the pollutant reducing device 1 passes through the wet scrubber system and neutralizes the acidified washing water (see W2 in FIG. 2) to a pH value that satisfies the IMO (International Maritime Organization) treated water standard. It can be supplied to the tank 60 and used as ballast water.
- the wet scrubber system and the ballast water treatment system can be combined into one to reduce the installation and maintenance costs of the system and to increase space utilization in the ship.
- since it is possible to implement by adding only the pipe in the ballast water treatment system there is a feature that can be easily applied to existing vessels.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1 includes a combustion engine 10, an exhaust gas pipe 20, a washing water supply pipe 30, a scrubber 40, and a washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the combustion engine 10 generates various powers required for a ship by burning fuel, and may be formed, for example, as a main engine, a generator engine, or the like. Since the combustion engine 10 usually generates power by burning fossil fuel, the combustion engine 10 generates exhaust gas G1 according to the combustion of the fossil fuel.
- the generated exhaust gas G1 includes a large amount of sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, dust, and the like, and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust gas pipe 20 connected to one side of the combustion engine 10.
- Exhaust pipes of a plurality of combustion engines may be connected to the exhaust gas pipe 20, and the plurality of combustion engines may be selectively operated as necessary.
- the exhaust gas pipe 20 may be configured to control the exhaust gas G1 of the combustion engine 10.
- the discharge pipe, one end is connected to the combustion engine 10 and the other end is connected to one side of the scrubber 40 to be described later. Since the exhaust gas pipe 20 has a high temperature of the exhaust gas G1 flowing therein, the exhaust gas pipe 20 is preferably made of a material having excellent heat resistance.
- the washing water supply pipe 30 is a tube for supplying the scrubber 40 with washing water (see W1 in FIG. 2), which is at least one of seawater or fresh water or mixed water of seawater and fresh water, and one end thereof is a seawater inlet (not shown). May be connected to a fresh water tank (not shown) and the other end may be connected to the scrubber 40.
- the structure in which the washing water W1 is limited to being seawater, and one end of the washing water supply pipe 30 is connected to the seawater inlet and the other end is connected to the scrubber 40 will be described.
- At least one pump 31 is provided on the washing water supply pipe 30, and the washing water W1 can be smoothly supplied to the scrubber 40.
- the scrubber 40 sprays the washing water W1 supplied through the washing water supply pipe 30 to the exhaust gas G1 flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 20 to spray the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1.
- it may be a wet scrubber.
- the end of the washing water supply pipe 30 is disposed in the upper portion of the scrubber 40, the branch is divided into a plurality can be sprayed the washing water (W1) in the form of fine particles. That is, the washing water supply pipe 30 disposed above the scrubber 40 sprays the washing water W1 toward the lower portion of the scrubber 40 where the exhaust gas pipe 20 is located, thereby exhaust gas G1 and the washing water. (W1) can be contacted effectively.
- the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1 come into contact with the scrubber 40, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed, and sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust may be removed.
- the removed exhaust gas (see G2 of FIG. 2) may be discharged to the outside through a separate discharge pipe 41. Since the exhaust gas G2 discharged through the discharge pipe 41 is in a state in which sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust are removed, the exhaust gas G2 does not cause air pollution even when discharged to the atmosphere.
- the end of the washing water supply pipe 30 located inside the scrubber 40 is not limited to a plurality of branches, for example, the washing water supply pipe 30 is formed as one end to the washing water (W1) fine particles It may also be sprayed in the form.
- the washing water W2 absorbing the sulfur oxides, the nitrogen oxides and the dust through contact with the exhaust gas G1 containing the sulfur oxides, the nitrogen oxides and the dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the washing water discharge pipe 50 discharges the washing water W2 inside the scrubber 40 and supplies it to the ballast water tank 60.
- One end thereof is connected to the scrubber 40, and the other end thereof is the ballast water tank 60. Is connected to one side.
- the neutralization treatment unit 90 and the purification unit 100 may be installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the neutralization treatment unit 90 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 40 to neutralize the washing water W2 discharged from the scrubber 40 and flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard. . Since the washing water W2 discharged from the scrubber 40 through the washing water discharge pipe 50 absorbs sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dust, and the like contained in the exhaust gas G1, the washing water discharge pipe 50 is The pH value of the hydrogen ion concentration index, that is, the pH value of the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water supply pipe 30 is lower than the pH value of the washing water W1 flowing inside the washing water supply pipe 30.
- the washing water W2 flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 50 is acidified due to sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, and has a lower pH value than the washing water W1 flowing in the washing water supply pipe 30. Therefore, when the washing water W2 having a low pH is discharged as it is, problems such as water pollution or changes in marine ecosystems may occur.
- the neutralization treatment unit 90 neutralizes the washing water W2 to a pH value that satisfies the IMO treatment water standard, so that the washing water W2 in the neutralized state may be supplied to the ballast water as the ballast water. In addition, even when the washing water (W2) is discharged through the outflow pipe 80 to be described later, problems such as water pollution or changes in marine ecosystems do not occur.
- the neutralization treatment unit 90 is not limited to being installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the neutralization treatment unit 90 may be installed inside the scrubber 40.
- the washing water W2 neutralized in the neutralization processing unit 90 is supplied to the purification unit 100.
- the purification unit 100 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 40, in particular, the rear end of the neutralization treatment unit 90 to separate the sludge (see S in FIG. 2) included in the washing water W2 discharged from the scrubber 40. By doing so, the sludge S may be separated using at least one of a centrifuge, a gravity separator, and a filter. Since the purification unit 100 is formed on the washing water discharge pipe 50, the washing water W2 in which the sludge S is removed may be supplied to the ballast water tank 60.
- the sludge storage tank 110 is connected to one side of the purification unit 100 to separately store the sludge S separated from the washing water W2. The washing water W2 passing through the purification unit 100 and from which the sludge S is removed is supplied to the ballast water tank 60.
- the ballast water tank 60 is to maintain the equilibrium of the vessel by storing the washing water (W2) discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50, the vessel may be provided with at least one ballast water tank (60).
- the washing water W2 flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 50 is acidified due to sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, so that the pH value is higher than that of the washing water W1 flowing in the washing water supply pipe 30. low. Therefore, the survival rate of the microorganisms contained in the washing water W2 flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 50 is lower than the survival rate of the microorganisms contained in the washing water W1 flowing in the washing water supply pipe 30.
- the washing water W2 flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 50 satisfies the ballast water regulation condition to kill microorganisms due to low survival rate of microorganisms due to acidification, and thus is suitable for use as ballast water.
- a separate ballast water treatment system for killing microorganisms by supplying the ballast water to the ballast water tank 60 by supplying the washing water W2 converted to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard with low microbial survival rate. Can be omitted, which can reduce installation and maintenance costs of the system as well as increase space utilization in the vessel.
- since it is possible to implement by adding only the pipe in the wet scrubber system there is an advantage that can be easily applied to existing vessels.
- At least one first valve 50a may be installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50 to control the flow of the washing water W2.
- the first valve 50a may be installed in front of the ballast water tank 60, and the washing water W2 passing through the first valve 50a is supplied to the sterilization treatment unit 120.
- the sterilization treatment unit 120 is installed in at least one of the front or the rear of the ballast water tank 60, and the washing water W2 flowing into the ballast water tank 60 or the water flowing out of the ballast water tank 60 ( Further sterilize the microorganisms contained in W2).
- the sterilization processing unit 120 further sterilizes the microorganisms remaining in the washing water W2, and may be, for example, a strong acidizer, an electrolysis device, an ozone generator, an ultraviolet device, a plasma device, or the like.
- the sterilization processing unit 120 may selectively sterilize the microorganism by selectively operating when the ballast water regulation condition is strict.
- the washing water W2 passing through the sterilization treatment unit 120 is supplied to the ballast water tank 60 and used as the ballast water, and the washing water W2 discharged from the ballast water tank 60 is discharged to the sea or various needs.
- it may be supplied to a heat exchanger or the like and used as cooling water.
- the circulation pipe 70 may be disposed on one side of the washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the circulation pipe 70 is a pipe branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50 to circulate the washing water W2 discharged from the scrubber 40 back to the scrubber 40, and the washing water located at the rear end of the purification unit 100. It may be branched from the discharge pipe (50). Since the circulation pipe 70 is branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50 positioned at the rear end of the purification unit 100, the washing water W2 in which the sludge S is removed may be circulated to the scrubber 40.
- the end of the circulation pipe 70 located inside the scrubber 40 is shown as being connected to the washing water supply pipe 30, but is not limited thereto.
- the circulation pipe 70 and the washing water supply pipe The 30 may be separated from each other and independently spray the washing water W1 and W2, respectively.
- At least one second valve 70a may be installed on the circulation pipe 70 to control the flow of the washing water W2.
- the outlet pipe 80 may be disposed on one side of the washing water discharge pipe 50.
- the outflow pipe 80 is a pipe that discharges the washing water W2 branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50 and discharged from the scrubber 40 to the sea, and, like the circulation pipe 70, the rear end of the purification unit 100. It can be branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50 located in.
- the outflow pipe 80 is branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50 located at the rear end of the purification unit 100, so that the washing water W2 is converted to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard and the sludge S is removed (W2). ) May be discharged to sea.
- the outlet pipe 80 is not limited to discharging the washing water W2 to the sea, for example, the outlet pipe 80 may supply the washing water W2 to various places of use. At least one third valve 80a may be installed on the outlet pipe 80 to control the flow of the washing water W2.
- FIG. 2 and 3 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device of FIG.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1 neutralizes the acidified washing water W2 through the scrubber 40 to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard, and then, the ballast water tank ( 60) can be used as ballast water.
- the ballast water tank ( 60) can be used as ballast water.
- a separate ballast water treatment system for killing microorganisms can be omitted, which can reduce installation and maintenance costs of the system as well as increase space utilization in the vessel.
- it since it is possible to implement by adding only the pipe in the ballast water treatment system, it can be easily applied to existing vessels.
- FIG. 2 is an operation diagram showing a state in which the washing water discharged from the scrubber is supplied to the ballast water tank.
- the exhaust gas G1 of the combustion engine 10 flows into the scrubber 40 through the exhaust gas pipe 20, and the washing water W1 is supplied to the scrubber 40 through the washing water supply pipe 30.
- the washing water supply pipe 30 located above the scrubber 40 sprays the washing water W1 toward the lower portion of the scrubber 40 in which the exhaust gas pipe 20 is located, the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water. W1 can be effectively gas-liquid contacted.
- sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust contained in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed, and the sulfur gas, nitrogen oxides, and dust may be removed.
- G2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 41.
- the washing water W2 absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and dust through contact with the exhaust gas G1 is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50, and the neutralization treatment unit 90 satisfies the IMO treated water standard. It is neutralized to pH value.
- the sludge S included in the washing water W2 is separated by the purification unit 100 installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50 and stored in the sludge storage tank 110.
- the first valve 50a of the washing water discharge pipe 50 is opened and the third valve (of the outlet pipe 80) is opened. 80a) closes.
- the second valve 70a of the circulation pipe 70 can be selectively opened. Since the first valve 50a installed in front of the ballast water tank 60 is opened, the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 flows into the ballast water tank 60 through the sterilization treatment unit 120. To maintain the equilibrium of the ship.
- the washing water (W2) flowing through the washing water discharge pipe (50) is suitable for use as ballast water because the survival rate of the microorganisms is low and the state is converted to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard.
- the washing water W2 discharged from the ballast water tank 60 may be discharged to the sea or supplied to various uses.
- the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 flows through the circulation pipe 70 and circulated to the scrubber 40.
- a portion of the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 is circulated to the scrubber 40 through the circulation pipe 70, thereby increasing the amount of the washing water W1 supplied through the washing water supply pipe 30. Can be reduced.
- 3 is an operation diagram showing a state in which the washing water discharged from the scrubber is discharged to the sea.
- the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1 of the combustion engine 10 are supplied to the scrubber 40 through the exhaust gas pipe 20 and the washing water supply pipe 30, respectively.
- sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dusts included in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed.
- G2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 41.
- the washing water W2 absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50, and is neutralized by the neutralization treatment unit 90 to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard.
- the sludge S included in the washing water W2 is separated by the purification unit 100 installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50 and stored in the sludge storage tank 110.
- the third valve 80a is opened and the first valve 50a is closed.
- the second valve 70a can be selectively opened.
- the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 may be discharged to the sea through the discharge pipe 80 or supplied to various places of use.
- FIG. 4 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1-1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a washing water resupply pipe 130 having one end connected to the ballast water tank 60 and the other end connected to the washing water supply pipe 30. It includes more.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1-1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a washing water resupply pipe 130 having one end connected to the ballast water tank 60 and the other end connected to the washing water supply pipe 30. Except for further inclusion, it is substantially the same as the above-described embodiment. Therefore, the description will be focused on, but the description of the remaining components will be replaced by the above description unless otherwise stated.
- the washing water resupply pipe 130 is a pipe for resupplying the washing water W2 stored in the ballast water tank 60 to the washing water supply pipe 30. One end thereof is connected to the ballast water tank 60, and the other end is cleaned. It is connected to one side of the water supply pipe (30).
- the washing water resupply pipe 130 is connected to one side of the ballast water tank 60, the washing water discharged to the sea when the washing water W2 stored inside the ballast water tank 60 needs to be emptied to maintain the equilibrium of the ship. A part of the water W2 can be supplied to the washing water supply pipe 30. Therefore, even when the washing water W1 is not supplied from the seawater inlet or the fresh water tank, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dusts, and the like contained in the exhaust gas G1 can be removed.
- FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the washing water supply pipe 30 is branched from the seawater flow pipe 200 and connected to the scrubber 40.
- the contaminant reduction apparatus 1-2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the above-described embodiment except that the washing water supply pipe 30 is branched from the seawater flow pipe 200 and connected to the scrubber 40. Substantially the same. Therefore, the description will be focused on, but the description of the remaining components will be replaced by the above description unless otherwise stated.
- the washing water supply pipe 30 is a pipe for supplying the washing water (see W1 in FIG. 6), which is at least one of sea water or fresh water, or a mixture of sea water and fresh water, to the scrubber 40, which is branched from the sea water flow pipe 200 and scrubbers. 40 may be connected.
- the seawater flow pipe 200 is a pipe for supplying at least one of seawater or fresh water or mixed water of seawater and fresh water to the ballast water tank 60, and has one end in a seawater inlet (not shown) or a fresh water tank (not shown). It may be connected to at least one and the other end may be connected to the ballast water tank (60).
- the seawater flow pipe 200 is provided with a pretreatment filter 300 for removing microorganisms having a specific size or more, and the washing water supply pipe 30 is branched from the rear end of the pretreatment filter 300.
- At least one fifth valve 200a may be installed on the seawater flow pipe 200 to control the flow of at least one of seawater or fresh water or mixed water of seawater and fresh water.
- the washing water W1 is limited to being seawater (see W in FIG. 6), and one end of the seawater flow pipe 200 is connected to the seawater inlet, and the washing water supply pipe 30 is branched from the seawater flow pipe 200.
- the structure is described more focusing on.
- the seawater (W) introduced into the seawater flow pipe 200 through the seawater inlet is partially supplied to the ballast water tank 60, and the remaining portion is supplied to the scrubber 40 through the washing water supply pipe 30. At this time.
- the ratio of the seawater W supplied to the ballast water tank 60 and the washing water W1 supplied to the scrubber 40 may be about 9: 1.
- At least one pump 31 is provided on the washing water supply pipe 30, and the washing water W1 can be smoothly supplied to the scrubber 40.
- the scrubber 40 sprays the washing water W1 supplied through the washing water supply pipe 30 to the exhaust gas (see G1 in FIG. 6) flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 20 to exhaust gas G1 and the washing water.
- gas-liquid contacting (W1) it can be a normal wet scrubber.
- sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed, and sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust may be removed.
- the removed exhaust gas (see G2 of FIG. 6) may be discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 41. Since the exhaust gas G2 discharged through the discharge pipe 41 is in a state in which sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust are removed, the exhaust gas G2 does not cause air pollution even when discharged to the atmosphere.
- the acidified washing water (see W2 in FIG. 6) absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust through contact with the exhaust gas G1 containing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50. Discharged.
- the washing water discharge pipe 50 is a pipe for discharging the washing water W2 inside the scrubber 40 and supplying it to the ballast water tank 60. One end thereof is connected to the scrubber 40, and the other end thereof is the ballast water tank 60. Is connected to one side. At this time, the other end of the washing water discharge pipe 50 may be connected to the seawater flow pipe 200 may be connected to the ballast water tank 60 through the seawater flow pipe (200). Since the washing water discharge pipe 50 is connected to the seawater flow pipe 200, the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 is mixed with the seawater W flowing through the seawater flow pipe 200 to form a ballast water tank ( 60).
- the washing water W2 discharged from the scrubber 40 is acidified by absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust.
- the washing water W2 is mixed with the seawater W flowing through the seawater flow pipe 200 and supplied to the ballast water tank 60, microorganisms included in the seawater W may be killed.
- the microorganisms contained in the seawater W are killed by the acidified washing water W2, it is suitable for use as ballast water.
- Sludge (see S in FIG. 6) is separated by the purification unit 100 before the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 is mixed with the seawater W, and the separated sludge S is sludge. It is stored in the storage tank 110.
- the mixed water of the washing water W2 and the seawater W may be further sterilized by the sterilization treatment unit 120 and then supplied to the ballast water tank 60, and the washing water discharged from the ballast water tank 60 (
- the mixed water of W2) and the seawater W may be neutralized by the neutralization treatment unit 90 to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard, and then discharged to the sea or used for various needs.
- At least one first valve 50a may be installed on the washing water discharge pipe 50 to control the flow of the washing water W2, and the first valve 50a may be disposed behind the purification unit 100.
- the circulation pipe 70 and the outlet pipe 80 may be branched from the washing water discharge pipe 50, respectively, and may be branched in front of the first valve 50a. Since the circulation pipe 70 and the outlet pipe 80 are branched in front of the first valve 50a, the washing water W2 in which the sludge S is removed can be circulated to the scrubber 40 or discharged to the sea. Can be.
- a separate neutralization treatment unit is installed on the outflow pipe 80 to convert the washing water W2 to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard and then discharged to the sea.
- 6 and 7 are operation diagrams for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device of FIG.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1-2 passes through the scrubber 40 and mixes the acidified washing water W2 with the seawater W flowing through the seawater flow pipe 200 to the ballast. Supply to the water tank (60). Therefore, the microorganisms contained in the seawater (W) may be killed, and thus, a separate treatment process for killing the microorganisms may be omitted.
- FIG. 6 is an operation diagram showing a state in which the washing water discharged from the scrubber is supplied to the ballast water tank.
- the exhaust gas G1 of the combustion engine 10 flows into the scrubber 40 through the exhaust gas pipe 20, and the seawater W that has passed through the pretreatment filter 300 of the seawater flow pipe 200 is partially washed with water.
- the scrubber 40 is supplied to the scrubber 40 through the supply pipe 30 as the washing water W1, and the remaining part is supplied to the ballast water tank 60. Since the washing water supply pipe 30 located above the scrubber 40 sprays the washing water W1 toward the lower portion of the scrubber 40 where the exhaust gas pipe 20 is located, the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1. Can effectively make gas-liquid contact. As the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1 come into contact with each other, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dusts included in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed.
- G2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 41.
- the acidified washing water (W2) absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and dust through contact with the exhaust gas (G1) is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe (50), and the sludge (S) by the purification unit (100). Is separated.
- the separated sludge S is stored in the sludge storage tank 110.
- the first valve 50a of the washing water discharge pipe 50 is opened and the third valve (of the outlet pipe 80) is opened. 80a) closes.
- the second valve 70a of the circulation pipe 70 can be selectively opened.
- the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 joins the seawater W flowing through the seawater flow pipe 200 to pass through the sterilization treatment unit 120 to pass through the ballast water tank. (60) may be introduced.
- the washing water (W2) flowing through the washing water discharge pipe (50) is acidified due to sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, the microorganisms contained in the sea water (W) can be killed, and thus, the ballast water tank (60)
- the mixed water of the washing water (W2) and the seawater (W) in which the microorganisms are killed may be stored as ballast water.
- the mixed water of the washing water (W2) and the seawater (W) discharged from the ballast water tank 60 is neutralized by the neutralization treatment unit 90 to a pH value that satisfies the IMO treated water standard, and then discharged to the sea or used in various applications. Can be supplied.
- the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 flows through the circulation pipe 70 and circulated to the scrubber 40.
- a portion of the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 is circulated to the scrubber 40 through the circulation pipe 70, thereby increasing the amount of the washing water W1 supplied through the washing water supply pipe 30. Can be reduced.
- FIG. 7 is an operation diagram showing a state in which the washing water discharged from the scrubber is discharged to the sea.
- the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1 of the combustion engine 10 are supplied to the scrubber 40 through the exhaust gas pipe 20 and the washing water supply pipe 30, respectively. As the exhaust gas G1 and the washing water W1 come into contact with each other, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dusts included in the exhaust gas G1 may be removed. G2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 41. The washing water W2 absorbing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 50, and the sludge S included in the washing water W2 is separated by the purification unit 100. The sludge storage tank 110 is stored.
- the third valve 80a is opened and the first valve 50a is closed.
- the second valve 70a and the fifth valve 200a may be selectively opened.
- the washing water W2 flowing through the washing water discharge pipe 50 may be discharged to the sea through the discharge pipe 80 or supplied to various places of use.
- the washing water W2 since a separate neutralization treatment unit is installed on the outlet pipe 80, the washing water W2 may be discharged to the sea in a neutralized state to a pH value satisfying the IMO treated water standard or supplied to the user.
- the washing water W2 flows through the circulation pipe 70 and circulated to the scrubber 40, and when the fifth valve 200a is closed, the ballast water tank 60 is blocked the inflow of sea water (W).
- FIG. 8 a contaminant reduction apparatus 1-3 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
- FIG 8 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the pollutant reduction device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1-3 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a washing water resupply pipe 130 having one end connected to the ballast water tank 60 and the other end connected to the washing water supply pipe 30. It includes more.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 1-3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a washing water resupply pipe 130 having one end connected to the ballast water tank 60 and the other end connected to the washing water supply pipe 30. Except for further inclusion, it is substantially the same as the above-described embodiment. Therefore, the description will be focused on, but the description of the remaining components will be replaced by the above description unless otherwise stated.
- the washing water resupply pipe 130 is a pipe for resupplying the mixed water of the washing water W2 and the seawater W stored in the ballast water tank 60 to the washing water supply pipe 30, and one end thereof is the ballast water tank 60. ) And the other end is connected to one side of the washing water supply pipe (30). Since the washing water resupply pipe 130 is connected to one side of the ballast water tank 60, the mixed water of the washing water W2 and the seawater W stored in the ballast water tank 60 is maintained to maintain the equilibrium of the vessel. When empty, some of the mixed water of the washing water (W2) and the seawater (W) discharged to the sea may be supplied to the washing water supply pipe (30).
- At least one pump 131 is installed on the washing water resupply pipe 130 to smoothly supply the mixed water of the washing water W2 and the seawater W to the washing water supply pipe 30.
- FIG. 9 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 200 may reduce the concentration of various pollutants (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dusts, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas and discharge air suitable for the exhaust standard. It is a device that can be used as ballast water or discharged to sea water by sterilizing microorganisms contained in sea water at the same time.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 200 may mainly kill microorganisms contained in seawater used as ballast water while removing pollutants of exhaust gas generated from a vessel mainly mounted on a vessel.
- the pollutant reduction device 200 may operate the pollutant removal function of the exhaust gas and the microorganism killing function of the ballast water, respectively, or adjust the operation ratio as necessary, and the sterilizer included in the ballast water treatment system may be used.
- the sterilizer included in the ballast water treatment system may be used.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 200 includes an exhaust gas pipe 210, a washing water supply pipe 220, a scrubber 240, a purification unit 250, a washing water discharge pipe 241, and a seawater supply pipe 230. ).
- the exhaust gas pipe 210 is connected to the scrubber 240 as a pipe through which the exhaust gas moves from the combustion engine.
- the exhaust gas pipe 210 may be directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the combustion engine so that high temperature exhaust gas may be directly moved or passed through various heat exchangers to recycle most of the exhaust heat, and may be a passage for moving the remaining waste gas.
- the washing water supply pipe 220 is a pipe for supplying the scrubber 240 at least one of the sea water or fresh water or mixed water of sea water and fresh water, one end portion to the sea water supply pipe 230 or fresh water supply pipe 221 The other end may be connected to the scrubber 240. That is, the washing water supply pipe 220 may be selectively supplied with sea water and fresh water.
- the washing water is mainly limited to the sea water, and the process of mainly supplying the seawater through the washing water supply pipe 220 to the scrubber 240 will be described.
- the pump 236 is installed in the seawater supply pipe 230 to smoothly supply the washing water to the scrubber 240.
- the washing water supply pipe 220 is branched from the seawater supply pipe 230 and connected to the scrubber 240, and a control valve 231 is installed at the connection portion of the washing water supply pipe 220 and the seawater supply pipe 230. have.
- the control valve 231 adjusts the amount of seawater supplied through the washing water supply pipe 220 or supplies it to the ballast water tank 260 through the seawater and the seawater supply pipe 230 branched and supplied to the washing water supply pipe 220. You can adjust the rate of seawater that is
- the scrubber 240 sprays the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 220 to the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust gas pipe 210, and may be a wet scrubber. As the exhaust gas and the washing water come into contact with the scrubber 240, contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas may be removed.
- the gas (see G2 of FIG. 12) may be discharged to the outside through a separate discharge pipe 242.
- the washing water containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 241.
- the purifying unit 250 may be connected to the exhaust gas pipe 210 or the scrubber 240 to oxidize nitrogen oxides, neutralize the acidified washing water or kill microorganisms contained in the washing water in a physical or chemical manner. have.
- the purifying unit 250 may supply an oxidizing agent, a neutralizing agent, or a sterilizing agent to the exhaust gas pipe 210 or the scrubber 240.
- the purification unit 250 may be an apparatus for producing all of an oxidant, a neutralizer, and a disinfectant by electrolyzing seawater, or an apparatus for producing an oxidizer and a disinfectant using plasma.
- the purification unit 250 is not limited to an electrolysis device or a plasma device, and any structure may be used as long as it is a device capable of oxidizing nitrogen oxides, neutralizing acidified washing water, or killing microorganisms contained in the washing water. will be.
- the purification unit 250 may inject an oxidant into the exhaust gas pipe 210 to oxidize nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide can be easily dissolved in water compared to nitrogen monoxide and dissolved in washing water in the scrubber 240 to be easily removed.
- the purification unit 250 may spray the liquid oxidant into particulates in the exhaust gas pipe 210.
- the purification unit 250 may spray the liquid oxidant directly into the exhaust gas pipe 210 by atomizing the liquid oxidant, or spray the liquid oxidant into the exhaust gas through a separate spray unit 211 installed in the exhaust gas pipe 210.
- the purification unit 250 may spray the neutralizing agent in the exhaust gas pipe 210 or spray the neutralizing agent in the scrubber 240.
- the neutralizing agent may neutralize the acidified washing water by reacting nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide with the washing water. Since nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides react with seawater to produce nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), the purification unit 250 injects sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) into the scrubber 240 to acidify it. The washed water can be neutralized.
- the purification unit 250 may neutralize the ballast water by injecting a neutralizing agent into the ballast water tank 260 or by spraying a neutralizing agent into the seawater discharge pipe 237.
- the purification unit 250 may directly put a neutralizer (NaOH) to the scrubber 240, if the neutralization of the washing water to the purification unit 250 is not sufficient to separate the neutralizer injection unit (not shown)
- a second neutralization step may be performed.
- the washing water discharge pipe 241 may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 230 through the filter unit 270 as a pipe for discharging the washing water inside the scrubber 240. That is, the washing water discharge pipe 241 may be separated into the solid particles through the filter unit 270 and then stored in the ballast water tank 260 or discharged to the outside.
- the washing water discharge pipe 241 does not necessarily need to be connected to the seawater supply pipe 230 and may be independently connected to the ballast water tank 260 or may be connected to the outside of the ship.
- the circulation pipe 291 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 241.
- the circulation pipe 291 is for recirculating the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 241 to the washing water supply pipe 220, and when the washing water is not used as the ballast water or it is not necessary to discharge the washing water to the outside May be circulated to the scrubber 240 to continue using.
- a recycling tank 290 may be installed between the washing water discharge pipe 241 and the circulation pipe 291.
- the recirculation tank 290 may store some of the washing water discharged through the scrubber 240, and may serve as a kind of buffer tank so that a predetermined amount of the washing water may be circulated through the circulation pipe 291.
- the recirculation tank 290 may include any one of a centrifugal separator, a gravity separator, and a filter, such as the filter unit 270, to remove solid particles contained in the washing water, and to recycle the washing water through the circulation pipe 291. .
- the washing water supply pipe 220 is connected to the sea water supply pipe 230, the fresh water supply pipe 221, and the circulation pipe 291, so that the concentration of the exhaust gas, the treatment capacity of the scrubber 240, the concentration of the washing water, and the degree of contamination are measured.
- the seawater, fresh water, and circulating water may be properly mixed and supplied to the scrubber 240.
- the filter unit 270 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 240 to separate the solid particles contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 240, etc., the solid phase using at least one of the centrifuge, gravity separator, filter The particles may be separated and discharged into the sludge tank 280.
- the filter unit 270 may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 230 between the pump 236 and the control valve 231. That is, the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pipe 230 may pass through the filter unit 270 to be supplied to the scrubber 240, and the washing water passing through the scrubber 240 may pass through the filter unit 270 again. That is, one filter unit 270 may filter both the seawater introduced from the outside and the washing water passing through the scrubber 240.
- a confluence pipe (see 238 of FIG. 14) directly connected to the seawater supply pipe 230 at the rear end of the control valve 231 may be installed at one side of the filter unit 270.
- the neutralizing agent or the sterilizing agent supplied from the purification unit 250 may be injected into the washing water or the seawater passing through the filter unit 270.
- a mixing tube 234 may be installed between the filter unit 270 and the seawater discharge pipe 237 to discharge the mixed water of the sea water and the washing water, and the neutralizing agent or the sterilizing agent supplied from the purification unit 250 to the mixing pipe 234.
- Injection unit 233 for injecting may be installed. The injection unit 233 may inject the neutralizer or the disinfectant into the seawater and the washing water in a liquid or gaseous state.
- the sensor unit 232 is installed at the rear end of the injection unit 233, so that the total residual oxidant, pH concentration, microbial concentration, etc. in the washing water and the seawater discharged through the mixing pipe 234 are real-time. You can figure it out. According to the result of the sensor unit 232, the purification unit 250 adjusts the supply amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent appropriately.
- Washing water and seawater discharged through the mixing pipe 234 is introduced into the ballast water tank 260 or discharged to the outside.
- the ballast water tank 260 maintains the equilibrium of the vessel by using the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 241.
- At least one ballast water tank 260 may be installed in the ship.
- the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 241 absorbs nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas. Since it is a state, the hydrogen ion concentration index of the washing water flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 241, that is, the pH value is lower than the pH value of the washing water flowing in the washing water supply pipe 220.
- the washing water flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 241 is acidified due to sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, and thus has a lower pH value than the washing water flowing in the washing water supply pipe 220. Therefore, the survival rate of the microorganisms contained in the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 241 is lower than the survival rate of the microorganisms contained in the washing water flowing inside the washing water supply pipe 220.
- the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 241 is suitable for use as ballast water because the survival rate of the microorganisms is low due to acidification, thereby satisfying the ballast water regulation condition for killing microorganisms of a predetermined size or more.
- a separate ballast water treatment system for killing the microorganisms can be omitted, thereby reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the system as well as in the ship. Space utilization may increase.
- the purification unit 250 may supply a sterilizer directly to the ballast water tank 260. If the concentration of the microorganisms of the ballast water stored in the ballast water tank 260 is high, it is possible to control the microbial concentration by spraying the fungicide directly to the ballast water tank 260. Therefore, the ballast water stored in the ballast water tank 260 can be adjusted within the microbial tolerance standard before discharged to the outside, thereby preventing marine pollution or ecosystem disturbance.
- FIG. 10 and 11 illustrate a process in which the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 is supplied to the ballast water
- FIG. 10 illustrates a direct sterilization method in which sterilizing substances are added to the entire seawater supplied to the ballast water
- 11 illustrates an indirect sterilization method in which a sterilant is added to a part of seawater supplied as ballast water and mixed with seawater supplied from the outside.
- the filter unit 270 may separate microorganisms having a diameter of 50 ⁇ m or more that are not easily killed by sterilizing materials.
- the seawater passing through the filter unit 270 may be sprayed with a disinfectant supplied from the purification unit 250.
- the seawater in which the microorganisms are killed by spraying the sterilizer may be supplied to the ballast water tank 260 and used as ballast water.
- the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 230 passes through the filter unit 270, and microorganisms having large particles are removed, and the seawater is partially discharged through the mixing pipe 234. The rest may be discharged through the bypass pipe 235.
- the mixing pipe 234 is a pipe through which the disinfectant is injected from the purification unit 250
- the bypass pipe 235 is a pipe into which the seawater passing through the filter unit 270 directly enters the ballast water tank 260.
- the seawater passing through the mixing tube 234 is a state in which microorganisms are killed, including a disinfectant, and when the seawater passing through the mixing tube 234 and the seawater passing through the bypass tube 235 are mixed with each other, the seawater passes through the bypass tube 235. All microorganisms in one seawater can be killed.
- the amount or ratio of seawater passing through the mixing tube 234 and the bypass tube 235 may be selectively adjusted according to the concentration of microorganisms contained in the seawater.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 200 may independently treat the ballast water without using the function of removing the exhaust gas.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a method in which seawater supplied to the seawater supply pipe 230 is directly discharged to the outside through the scrubber 240, and FIG. 13 passes through the scrubber 240 of the seawater introduced into the seawater supply pipe 230. After that is shown how to recycle by recycling through the circulation pipe (291).
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 is supplied to the scrubber 240 through the washing water supply pipe 220.
- the washing water is sprayed from the upper portion of the scrubber 240 and the lower portion of the scrubber 240 may be filled with the washing water at a predetermined level.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 240.
- the purification unit 250 may oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by injecting an oxidant before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 240.
- the purification unit 250 may inject the neutralizing agent into the exhaust gas pipe 210 or the scrubber 240 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 240, to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, oxidized oxides, dust, and the like from the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 240.
- contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the upper side.
- contaminants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the contaminants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 242.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 240 contains pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 270 through the washing water discharge pipe 241.
- the filter unit 270 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores the sludge tank 280, and the clean washing water is discharged to the outside through the mixing pipe 234 and the seawater discharge pipe 237.
- the purification unit 250 injects the neutralizing agent into the mixing tube 234 to adjust the pH value within the reference value and then discharge it to the outside.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 passes through the scrubber 240 and is discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 241, and the washing water discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 241 is recycled.
- Temporarily stored in the tank 290 is circulated back to the washing water supply pipe 220 through the circulation pipe 291. That is, the process of FIG. 13 is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 12 except that the washing water is recycled and reused through the circulation pipe 291.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 220, the scrubber 240, the washing water discharge pipe 241, and the circulation pipe 291, and considers the pollution degree of the seawater, pH value, and the like.
- the process of FIG. 13 and the process of FIG. 12 may be performed in parallel.
- the process of FIG. 13 may be used when seawater cannot be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through an area where discharge of seawater is restricted, and when the washing water is severely polluted by recirculating the washing water several times, the filter unit ( The solid particles may be removed and discharged to the outside through the 270, and new seawater may be supplied to the scrubber 240 again.
- FIG. 14 shows a ballast water treatment process of an open loop type pollutant removal method and a direct sterilization method
- FIG. 15 shows a ballast of an indirect sterilization method using a closed loop type pollutant removal method. The water treatment process is shown.
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 is supplied to the scrubber 240 through the washing water supply pipe 220.
- the washing water is sprayed from the upper portion of the scrubber 240 and the lower portion of the scrubber 240 may be filled with the washing water at a predetermined level.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 240.
- the purification unit 250 may oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by injecting an oxidant before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 240.
- the purification unit 250 may inject the neutralizing agent into the exhaust gas pipe 210 or the scrubber 240 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 240, to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, oxidized oxides, dust, and the like from the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 240.
- contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the upper side.
- contaminants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the contaminants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 242.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 240 contains pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 270 through the washing water discharge pipe 241.
- the filter unit 270 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores them in the sludge tank 280.
- the clean washing water passes through the seawater supply pipe 230 and the mixing pipe 234, and the ballast water tank ( 260 may be introduced or discharged to the outside through the seawater discharge pipe 237.
- the seawater introduced from the outside that does not pass through the scrubber 240 through the confluence pipe 238 installed on one side of the filter unit 270 is joined to the seawater supply pipe 230, and the seawater supply pipe 230 flows. It may be mixed in clean wash water.
- the sterilant supplied from the purification unit 250 through the injection unit 233 may be injected into the mixed water of the washing water and the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 230.
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 230 is supplied to the scrubber 240 through the washing water supply pipe 220.
- Some of the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 240 is recycled to the scrubber 240 via the recirculation tank 290, the circulation pipe 291, and the washing water supply pipe 220, and the rest of the washing water to the filter unit 270 I can move it. That is, in the process of FIG. 15, a part of the washing water passing through the scrubber 240 is recycled to the scrubber 240 through the recycling tank 290, the circulation pipe 291, and the washing water supply pipe 220, and the seawater discharge pipe Except that the washing water is not discharged to the outside through 237, the rest of the process is substantially the same as the process of FIG.
- the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 230 is a fungicide is injected by the injection unit 233, the remaining portion flows along the bypass pipe 235 and passes through the injection unit 233, the mixing pipe 234 Can be mixed with the flowing seawater stream.
- FIGS. 16 to 23 a contaminant reduction apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 16 to 23.
- 16 and 17 are diagrams schematically showing a pollutant reducing device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 300 for example, even when the amount of pollutants contained in the exhaust gas increases or decreases relatively, the pollutant treatment situation may change.
- the pH value of the treated water discharged from the scrubber system can be properly maintained and adjusted. That is, in consideration of the concentration of the exhaust gas, the level of pollution, and the ability of the scrubber to treat pollutants, the pH value of the treated water passing through the scrubber can be controlled to maintain an appropriate level. It can be easily treated in various ways, such as reusing water as ballast water or discharging it out of the hull.
- the pollutant reduction device 300 includes an exhaust gas pipe 310, a washing water supply pipe 320, a scrubber 340, a purification unit 350, a washing water discharge pipe 341, and a scrubber.
- Control valve 331 for controlling the amount of incoming seawater, and a control unit for controlling the control valve 331 according to the pH value of the concentration or pollution of the exhaust gas or the washing water (that is, the aforementioned treated water) through the scrubber 301.
- the exhaust gas pipe 310 is connected to the scrubber 340 as a pipe through which the exhaust gas moves from the combustion engine.
- the generated exhaust gas includes a large amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like, and is supplied to the scrubber 340 through an exhaust gas pipe 310 connected to one side of the combustion engine.
- the washing water supply pipe 320 is a pipe for supplying the scrubber 340 with the washing water, which is at least one of sea water or fresh water, or a mixture of sea water and fresh water, and supplies the ballast water to the ballast water tank 330. Branched from. One end of the washing water supply pipe 320 is connected to the scrubber 340, the fresh water supply pipe 321 for supplying fresh water may be connected to one side of the washing water supply pipe 320. Therefore, the washing water supply pipe 320 may be selectively supplied with sea water and fresh water.
- the pump 336 is installed in the seawater supply pipe 330 to smoothly supply the washing water to the scrubber 340.
- the seawater supply pipe 330 serves to supply the ballast water to the ballast water tank by receiving seawater from the outside.
- the washing water supply pipe 320 is branched from the sea water supply pipe 330 and connected to the scrubber 340, and a control valve 331 is installed at the connection portion between the washing water supply pipe 320 and the sea water supply pipe 330. have.
- the control valve 331 regulates the amount of seawater supplied through the washing water supply pipe 320 or is supplied to the ballast water tank 360 through the seawater and the seawater supply pipe 330 branched to the washing water supply pipe 320. You can adjust the rate of seawater that is
- the control valve 331 adjusts the amount of seawater flowing into the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320.
- the control valve 331 connects the seawater supply pipe 330 and the washing water supply pipe 320 as shown in FIG. 16, and adjusts the amount or ratio of seawater branched to the washing water supply pipe 320. It can be formed including a room valve. However, this does not need to be limited, and the control valve 331 may be formed by connecting a flow controller such as a flow controller to the washing water supply pipe 320 instead of the three-way valve as shown in FIG. 17.
- control valve 331 is represented as a valve, but may be implemented in various forms including various types of devices capable of adjusting the flow amount, flow, flow rate of the fluid flowing through the pipe without need to be limited thereto.
- the control valve 331 may be configured to receive and operate an electrical signal of the controller 301, and may be configured to variously change the degree of opening, closing, or opening and closing the pipeline according to the control sequence of the controller 301.
- the control valve 331 may be formed in various forms that can adjust the amount of seawater flowing into the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320, and also slightly different in the position fastened to the pipe in accordance with the way it is formed There can be.
- a control valve 331 may be formed on the side of the washing water supply pipe 320, as shown in FIG.
- a control valve 331 may be formed between the seawater supply pipe 330 and the washing water supply pipe 320.
- the control valve 331 may be formed at a position where the amount of fluid flowing into the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320 can be easily adjusted.
- the controller 301 controls the control valve 331 according to the concentration of the exhaust gas supplied to the exhaust gas pipe 310 or the pollution degree or the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340.
- the controller 301 may include an arithmetic apparatus capable of inputting / outputting data, arithmetic operation, and the like, and may control the control valve 331 by receiving sensing data from various sensors connected to a pipeline and calculating the sensing data. If necessary, it is also possible to input a special control sequence to the controller 301 and to configure the control sequence in response to the sensed data.
- the concentration or pollution level of the exhaust gas can be determined from the amount of at least one of sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas. That is, by measuring the amount or concentration of sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, the amount or concentration of nitrogen oxides, or the amount or concentration of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, the concentration or pollution degree of the exhaust gas is measured, and the scrubber 340 is removed from the purification unit 350.
- the amount of the oxidant introduced into or the amount of seawater supplied to the scrubber 340 may be adjusted according to the concentration of the exhaust gas or the degree of pollution.
- an oxide sensor unit 312 may be installed in the exhaust gas pipe 310 to measure the concentration or amount of at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
- the oxide sensor unit 312 may be installed in the discharge pipe 343.
- a cleaning pipe 334 is formed between the seawater discharge pipe 337 and the control valve 331 where the seawater is discharged to the outside to move the mixed water of the seawater and the washing water, and the washing water is discharged from the scrubber 340.
- At least one of the water discharge pipe 341 and the mixing pipe 334 may be formed with a pH sensor unit 342 for measuring the pH value of the washing water or mixed water.
- the washing water discharge pipe 341 and the mixing pipe 334 will be described later in more detail.
- the control unit 301 can measure the concentration or pollution level of the exhaust gas from the sensing signal of the oxide sensor unit 312, and the pH of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 from the sensing signal of the pH sensor unit 342. The value can be measured. As described above, the control unit 301 grasps the pollution degree of the polluted exhaust gas and the pH value of the treated water (that is, the washing water that has passed through the scrubber) by treating the pollutant and discharged from the scrubber 340 through the measured value of each sensor unit. Thus, the amount of washing water introduced into the scrubber 340 may be appropriately adjusted so that the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 is maintained at an appropriate level. In addition, it is also possible to adjust the pH value of the washing water by adding the neutralizing agent to the washing water using the purifier 350 or the neutralizing agent storage tank (not shown).
- the controller 301 may control the supply amount of fresh water supplied to the fresh water supply pipe 321 according to the exhaust gas concentration, the pollution degree or the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340.
- the valve 321a formed on the fresh water supply pipe 321 side is connected to be opened and closed by the control signal of the controller 301, and the valve 321a is opened and closed by the control signal of the controller 301 to supply the fresh water. Can be changed. In this way, while smoothly processing in response to the concentration or pollution degree of the exhaust gas, the ratio of the seawater or fresh water supplied to the scrubber 340 is adjusted, and the washing water (sea water or fresh water or sea water and fresh water passed through the scrubber 340).
- the pH value of at least one of mixed water of can be maintained suitably. This will be described later in detail.
- the scrubber 340 sprays the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 320 to the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust gas pipe 310 to gas-contact the exhaust gas and the washing water, and may be a wet scrubber.
- the end of the washing water supply pipe 320 is disposed inside the scrubber 340 is disposed on the upper portion of the scrubber 340, a plurality of branches may be sprayed in the form of fine particles. That is, the washing water supply pipe 320 disposed above the scrubber 340 sprays the washing water toward the lower portion of the scrubber 340 through which the exhaust gas flows, thereby effectively contacting the exhaust gas and the washing water.
- the exhaust pipe 343 may be provided with an oxide sensor unit 312 that measures the concentration or amount of at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Therefore, by comparing the concentrations of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides measured in the exhaust gas pipe 310 and the discharge pipe 343, respectively, it is possible to more accurately calculate and compare the harmful gas removal rate or treatment rate.
- nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) produced by dissolving nitrogen-based oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) in dissolving water, that is, seawater, are acidic and included in the seawater contained in the scrubber 340. Killed microorganisms.
- the pH value of the washing water, that is, the sea water present in the scrubber 340 may be maintained at 4 ⁇ 5.5 to maximize the sterilization power.
- washing water which comes into contact with the exhaust gas containing contaminants in the scrubber 340 and includes nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 341.
- Such washing water can be acidic.
- the purifying unit 350 may be connected to the exhaust gas pipe 310 or the scrubber 340 to oxidize nitrogen-based oxides, neutralize acidified washing water or kill microorganisms contained in the washing water in a physical or chemical manner. have.
- the purifying unit 350 may supply an oxidizing agent, a neutralizing agent, or a sterilizing agent to the exhaust gas pipe 310 or the scrubber 340.
- the purification unit 350 may be an apparatus for producing all of an oxidant, a neutralizer, and a disinfectant by electrolyzing seawater, or an apparatus for producing an oxidizer and a disinfectant using plasma.
- the purification unit 350 is not limited to an electrolysis device or a plasma device, and may be configured as long as it is a device capable of oxidizing nitrogen oxides, neutralizing acidified washing water, or killing microorganisms contained in the washing water. Do.
- the purification unit 350 may inject an oxidant into the exhaust gas pipe 310 to oxidize nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide can be easily dissolved in water compared to nitrogen monoxide and dissolved in the washing water in the scrubber 340 to be easily removed.
- the purifying unit 350 may atomize and spray the liquid oxidant into the exhaust gas pipe 310.
- the purification unit 350 may spray the liquid oxidant directly into the exhaust gas pipe 310 by atomizing the liquid oxidant, or spray the liquid oxidant into the exhaust gas through a separate spray unit 311 installed in the exhaust gas pipe 310.
- the oxidant injected into the exhaust gas may be produced by electrolyzing seawater, by producing a corona discharge on the exhaust gas, or through a separate ozone generator, for example, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). It may be at least one of, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), ozone. That is, when the oxidant is produced by electrolyzing seawater, it may be sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and when the oxidant is produced by corona discharge to the exhaust gas or through an ozone generator, ozone is Can be. Ozone has excellent bactericidal properties and can kill microorganisms in seawater.
- the oxidizing agent is not limited to at least one of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and ozone.
- the oxidizing agent may be a chemical such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or chlorine dioxide (ClO2). have.
- the purification unit 350 may increase the amount of the oxidant injected into the exhaust gas pipe 310 when the concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the vessel needs to be lowered.
- the purification unit 350 receives the sensing signal from the oxide sensor unit 312 described above and adjusts the amount of the oxidant to be injected into the exhaust gas pipe 310 according to at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. have.
- the above-described control unit 301 may be connected to the purifying unit 350 and the purifying unit 350 may be controlled in this manner by the control of the control unit 301.
- the purification unit 350 may spray the neutralizing agent in the exhaust gas pipe 310 or spray the neutralizing agent in the scrubber 340.
- the neutralizing agent may neutralize the acidified washing water by reacting nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide with the washing water.
- the purification unit 350 injects sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to the scrubber 340.
- the acidified washing water can be neutralized.
- the purifying unit 350 may neutralize the ballast water or reduce the total amount of residual oxidant by injecting a neutralizer into the ballast water tank 360 or by spraying a neutralizer into the seawater discharge pipe 337. At this time, the purifying unit 350 may also spray sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 3 ) while simultaneously injecting a neutralizing agent into the ballast water tank 360.
- the purification unit 350 may kill microorganisms by increasing the amount of fungicide injected into the scrubber 340 when the amount of seawater introduced from the outside increases. At this time, ultraviolet rays or the photocatalyst may be injected into the scrubber 340 to improve sterilization power.
- the neutralizing agent or the disinfectant may be injected into the seawater supply pipe 330 or the ballast water tank 360 according to the measurement value of the pH sensor unit 342 described above, and the neutralizing agent may be corresponding to the measured value of the pH sensor unit 342.
- the dosage of the fungicide can be appropriately changed.
- the purification unit 350 may be easily controlled by connecting the controller 301 to the purification unit 350.
- the purification unit 350 may directly put a neutralizer (NaOH) to the scrubber 340, if the neutralization of the washing water is not enough to the purification unit 350, a separate neutralizer injection unit (not shown) In addition, a second neutralization step may be performed.
- a neutralizer NaOH
- the washing water discharge pipe 341 is a pipe discharging the washing water inside the scrubber 340 and may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 330 again through the filter unit 370.
- the circulation pipe 391 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 341.
- a recycling tank 390 may be installed between the washing water discharge pipe 341 and the circulation pipe 391.
- the recirculation tank 390 may include any one of a centrifuge, a gravity separator, and a filter, such as the filter unit 370, to remove solid particles contained in the washing water, and to recycle the washing water through the circulation pipe 391. .
- the washing water supply pipe 320 is connected to the sea water supply pipe 330, the fresh water supply pipe 321, and the circulation pipe 391, so that the concentration of the exhaust gas, the treatment capacity of the scrubber 340, the concentration of the washing water, and the degree of contamination are measured.
- seawater, fresh water, and circulating water may be properly mixed and supplied to the scrubber 340.
- the filter unit 370 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 340 to separate the solid phase particles, etc. contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 340, the solid phase using at least one of the centrifuge, gravity separator, filter The particles may be separated and discharged into the sludge tank 380.
- One filter unit 370 may filter both the seawater introduced from the outside and the washing water passing through the scrubber 340.
- one side of the filter unit 370 may be provided with a confluence pipe (see 338 of FIG. 22) directly connected to the seawater supply pipe 330 at the rear end of the control valve 331.
- the neutralizing agent or the sterilizing agent supplied from the purification unit 350 may be injected into the washing water or the seawater passing through the filter unit 370.
- one or two filter units 370 may be used, and in order to remove substances having large particles contained in the seawater passing through the washing water or the seawater supply pipe 330 passing through the washing water discharge pipe 341. Or may be used independently.
- a mixing tube 334 may be installed between the filter unit 370 and the seawater discharge pipe 337 to discharge the mixed water of the seawater and the washing water, and the neutralizing agent or the sterilizing agent supplied from the purification unit 350 to the mixing pipe 334.
- Injection unit 333 for injecting may be installed. The injection unit 333 may inject the neutralizer or the disinfectant into the seawater and the washing water in a liquid or gaseous state.
- the sensor unit 332 is installed at the rear end of the injection unit 333, so that the total residual oxidant, pH concentration, microbial concentration, etc. in the washing water and the seawater discharged through the mixing pipe 334 are real-time. You can figure it out.
- the purification unit 350 adjusts the supply amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent appropriately.
- the washing water and the sea water discharged through the mixing pipe 334 flow into the ballast water tank 360 or are discharged to the outside.
- the sensor unit 332 may be installed in the mixing tube 334 to measure the pH value, and may be viewed as a pH sensor unit installed in the mixing tube 334.
- the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 is measured directly from the pH sensor unit 342 installed in the washing water discharge pipe 341 or the pH measurement value of the sensor unit 332 provided in the mixing tube 334. Can be measured indirectly from It is possible to more accurately grasp the variation of the pH or pH value of the treated water passing through the scrubber 340 by utilizing complementary values of the sensor units or by selectively taking values determined to be appropriate.
- the ballast water tank 360 stores the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 341. At least one ballast water tank 360 may be installed in the vessel. As described above, the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 341 absorbs nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas. In this state, the hydrogen ion concentration index of the washing water flowing in the washing water discharge pipe 341, that is, the pH value is lower than the pH value of the washing water flowing in the washing water supply pipe 320.
- the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 341 satisfies the ballast water regulation condition to kill microorganisms having a predetermined size or less due to acidification, the washing water may be used as ballast water.
- the purification unit 350 may supply the sterilizer directly to the ballast water tank 360.
- the exhaust and drainage pollutants reduction method (a) receiving the exhaust gas and the seawater from the outside of the combustion engine, and injecting an oxidant to the exhaust gas to oxidize nitrogen-based oxides to supply to the scrubber 340 and (c) spraying seawater on the scrubber 340 to remove contaminants contained in the exhaust gas and simultaneously killing microorganisms contained in the seawater.
- the exhaust gas and the seawater can be selectively purified by varying the amount and the amount of seawater introduced from the outside.
- the exhaust and drainage pollutant reduction method is the step of (d) separating the solid particles contained in the seawater passing through the scrubber 340, and the acidified in the scrubber after the solid phase particles separated or (c) (E) injecting a neutralizing agent into the washing water.
- Exhaust gas of the combustion engine is introduced into the scrubber 340 through the exhaust gas pipe 310, seawater may be introduced into the scrubber 340 through the sea water supply pipe 330 and the washing water supply pipe 320 ((a) step).
- the purification unit 350 may oxidize the nitrogen-based oxide by injecting an oxidant before the exhaust gas flows into the scrubber 340 (step (b)).
- the oxidant may be produced by electrolyzing seawater, by corona discharge to the exhaust gas, or through a separate ozone generator, and may be at least one of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and ozone. have.
- the purification unit 350 is to reduce the concentration of the exhaust gas discharged through the discharge pipe 342, for example, when the vessel enters the emission control area (ECA), exhaust gas pipe 310 May increase the amount of oxidant injected.
- the scrubber 340 removes pollutants such as nitrogen-based oxides, sulfur oxides, dusts, and the like contained in the exhaust gas by spraying seawater on the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust gas pipe 310, and at the same time, microorganisms contained in the seawater Can be killed (step (c)). That is, nitrogen-based oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas are dissolved and removed in seawater, and nitric acid and sulfuric acid generated by dissolving nitrogen-based oxides and sulfur oxides in seawater can kill microorganisms contained in seawater. At this time, by producing a corona discharge to the exhaust gas or ozone produced through the ozone generator may kill the microorganisms contained in the sea water.
- the pH value of the seawater present in the scrubber 340 may be maintained at 4 ⁇ 5.5 to maximize the sterilization power.
- the microorganisms contained in the sea water may be killed by the fungicide supplied from the purification unit 350.
- the purification unit 350 may kill microorganisms contained in seawater by increasing the amount of fungicide introduced into the scrubber 340.
- the seawater in which the microorganisms are killed may be used as ballast water of the ship, and when the vessel injects or discharges the ballast water into the ballast water tank 360, the purification unit 350 may increase the injection amount of the sterilizer.
- the seawater passing through the scrubber 340 may be separated from the solid particles through the filter unit 370 (step (d)), and the seawater from which the solid particles are separated is directly used as ballast water of a ship or discharged directly to the outside. Or recycled back to the scrubber 340.
- the seawater from which the solid particles are separated may be mixed with seawater directly introduced from the outside and used as ballast water or discharged to the outside.
- the neutralizing agent may be injected from the purification unit 350 into the seawater through which the solid particles are separated through the filter unit 370.
- FIG. 18 and 19 illustrate a process in which seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 is supplied to the ballast water
- FIG. 18 illustrates a direct sterilization method in which sterilizing substances are added to the whole seawater supplied as the ballast water
- 19 shows an indirect sterilization method in which a sterilizing material is added to a part of seawater supplied as ballast water and mixed with seawater supplied from the outside.
- microorganisms having large particles are removed while the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 330 passes through the filter unit 370.
- the seawater passing through the filter unit 370 may be sprayed with a disinfectant supplied from the purification unit 350.
- the seawater in which the microorganisms are killed by the sterilizing agent is injected may be supplied to the ballast water tank 360 to be used as ballast water.
- the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 330 passes through the filter unit 370, and microorganisms having large particles are removed, and the seawater is partially discharged through the mixing pipe 334.
- Most of the sea water may be discharged through the bypass pipe (335).
- the mixing pipe 334 is a pipe through which the disinfectant is injected from the purification unit 350
- the bypass pipe 335 is a pipe into which the seawater passing through the filter unit 370 directly enters the ballast water tank 360.
- the seawater passing through the mixing tube 334 is a state in which microorganisms are killed, including a disinfectant, and when the seawater passing through the mixing tube 334 and the seawater passing through the bypass tube 335 are mixed with each other, the seawater passes through the bypass tube 335. All microorganisms in one seawater can be killed.
- the amount or ratio of seawater passing through the mixing tube 334 and the bypass tube 335 may be selectively adjusted according to the concentration of the microorganisms contained in the seawater, the microorganism removal method, and the like.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 300 may independently treat ballast water without using a function of removing exhaust gas.
- 18 and 19 may be mainly operated when the vessel fills or empties the ballast water in the ballast water tank 360 at the port.
- FIG. 20 illustrates a method in which seawater supplied to the seawater supply pipe 330 is directly discharged to the outside through the scrubber 340
- FIG. 21 illustrates seawater introduced into the seawater supply pipe 330 through the scrubber 340. After showing the manner of recycling and reuse through the circulation pipe (391).
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 is supplied to the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 310 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 340.
- the purification unit 350 may oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by injecting an oxidant before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 340.
- the purification unit 350 may spray the scrubber 340 together with a neutralizing agent in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 340, and the contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dusts, etc. are first removed from the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 340, and again the scrubber ( 340, the contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the top.
- the contaminants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the contaminants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 343.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 370 through the washing water discharge pipe 341.
- the filter unit 370 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores the sludge tank 380.
- the clean washing water is discharged to the outside through the mixing pipe 334 and the seawater discharge pipe 337.
- the purification unit 350 injects the neutralizing agent into the mixing tube 334 to adjust the pH value within the reference value and then discharge it to the outside.
- the oxide sensor unit 312 measures the concentration or amount of at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas supplied to the exhaust gas pipe 310 and transmits it to the control unit 301, from which the control unit 301 Determine the concentration or pollution level of the exhaust gas.
- the controller 301 may appropriately adjust the amount of seawater flowing into the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320 by controlling the control valve 331 correspondingly.
- the controller 301 may control the valve 321a formed at the fresh water supply pipe 321 to adjust the supply amount of fresh water supplied to the scrubber 340.
- the controller 301 adjusts the amount of seawater or fresh water supplied to the scrubber 340 so that the scrubber 340 smoothly handles the pollutant in response to the pollution degree or concentration change of the exhaust gas, ,
- the supply amount of the washing water which is at least one of the fresh water or the mixed water of sea water and fresh water can be adjusted appropriately.
- This control is not only considering the exhaust gas pollution degree or concentration or the exhaust gas inflow amount, but also considering the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340. That is, by continuously monitoring the pH value measured by the pH sensor unit 342 and the pH value measured by the sensor unit 332, the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 340, or the mixed water mixed with such washing water and seawater The distribution of pH values, fluctuations, etc. can be grasped and the amount of washing water supplied to the scrubber 340 can be adjusted very easily so that the pH value does not deviate from an appropriate level.
- the oxide sensor unit 312 installed in the exhaust gas pipe 310 may be more accurately controlled by controlling based on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide measurement values to treat the exhaust gas generated therefrom.
- the concentrations of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are relatively high, the amount of oxidant supplied from the purification unit 350 to the exhaust gas pipe 310 may be increased so that the washing water dissolves contaminants more easily.
- the amount of washing water introduced into the scrubber 340 is changed and cleaned through the control of the controller 301.
- the pH value of the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 340 may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of water supplied. Since the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 is mixed with seawater and discharged to the outside as shown in FIG. 20, the washing water supplied to the scrubber 340 may be appropriately increased or decreased to maintain the pH value of 6.5 or more. have. If necessary, it is also possible to adjust the pH value by adjusting the supply amount of the neutralizing agent introduced.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 passes through the scrubber 340 and is discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 341, and the washing water discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 341 is recycled.
- Temporarily stored in the tank 390 is circulated back to the washing water supply pipe 320 through the circulation pipe 391. That is, the process of FIG. 21 is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 20 except that the washing water is recycled and reused through the circulation pipe 391.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 320, the scrubber 340, the washing water discharge pipe 341, and the circulation pipe 391, and considers the pollution degree of the seawater, pH value, and the like.
- the process of FIG. 21 and the process of FIG. 20 may be performed in parallel. 21 may be used when seawater cannot be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through an emission control area (ECA) where seawater is restricted. If the pollution is severe, it is possible to remove the solid particles through the filter unit 370 and to discharge to the outside and supply new seawater to the scrubber 340 again.
- ECA emission control area
- 20 and 21 may be selectively or sequentially used as necessary.
- FIG. 22 illustrates a process of ballast water treatment of an open loop type pollutant removal method and a direct sterilization method
- FIG. 23 illustrates a ballast of an indirect sterilization method of a pollutant removal method of a closed loop type. The water treatment process is shown.
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 is supplied to the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 310 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 340.
- the purification unit 350 may oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by injecting an oxidant before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 340.
- the purification unit 350 may spray the scrubber 340 together with a neutralizing agent in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled under the scrubber 340 to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like from the washing water filled under the scrubber 340. 340, the contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the top. Through this process, contaminants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the contaminants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 343.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 370 through the washing water discharge pipe 341.
- the filter unit 370 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores it in the sludge tank 380.
- the clean washing water passes through the seawater supply pipe 330 and the mixing pipe 334, and the ballast water tank ( 360 or may be discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe (337).
- the sterilant supplied from the purification unit 350 through the injection unit 333 may be injected into the mixed water of the washing water and the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 330.
- the control unit 301 measures the concentration or amount of at least one of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas supplied from the oxide sensor unit 312 to the exhaust gas pipe 310, and transmits the same to the control unit 301.
- the control unit 301 determines the concentration or the pollution degree of the exhaust gas therefrom. Accordingly, by controlling the control valve 331 correspondingly, the amount of seawater flowing into the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320 can be appropriately adjusted, and the valve 321a formed on the fresh water supply pipe 321 side can be adjusted. By controlling, the amount of fresh water supplied to the scrubber 340 may also be adjusted.
- the scrubber 340 can smoothly process the pollutants in response to the pollution degree or the concentration change of the exhaust gas using the controller 301.
- the amount of seawater or fresh water supplied to 340 may be adjusted, and the supply amount of washing water, which is at least one of seawater, fresh water, or mixed water of seawater and fresh water, may be appropriately adjusted.
- Such control is performed in consideration of the pH value of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 as described above, the pH value measured by the pH sensor unit 342 and the pH value measured by the sensor unit 332 Continuously monitors the distribution of pH value of the washing water or the mixed water mixed with the washing water and the seawater through the scrubber 340, the fluctuations and the like supplied to the scrubber 340 so that the pH value does not deviate from the proper level.
- the amount of washing water to be adjusted can be adjusted very easily.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 330 is supplied to the scrubber 340 through the washing water supply pipe 320.
- Some of the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 340 is recycled to the scrubber 340 through the recirculation tank 390, the circulation pipe 391, and the washing water supply pipe 320, and the other part to the filter unit 370 I can move it. That is, in the process of FIG. 23, part of the washing water passing through the scrubber 340 is recycled to the scrubber 340 through the recycling tank 390, the circulation pipe 391, and the washing water supply pipe 320, and the seawater discharge pipe Except that the washing water is not discharged to the outside through the 337, the rest of the process is substantially the same as the process of FIG.
- seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 330 is injected with a disinfectant by the injection unit 333, and the remaining portion flows along the bypass pipe 335 to pass through the injection unit 333 and then the mixing pipe 334. Can be mixed with the flowing seawater stream.
- the ballast water may be treated using the pollutant reducing device 300, the pollutant may be processed, or the ballast water and the pollutant may be simultaneously processed.
- the supply amount of the washing water supplied to the scrubber 340 is increased or decreased, and the pH value of the washing water passed through the scrubber 340 is adjusted to an appropriate level. It can be maintained very easily.
- FIG. 22 illustrates a process of discharging washing water to the ocean by operating in an open loop manner in a state where the seawater discharge pipe 337 is opened, but the pollutant reduction device 300 may include a seawater discharge pipe 337.
- One side can be easily operated in a closed loop (circulated loop) method of circulating the sea water, washing water, mixed water, etc. in the hull in a closed state.
- the above treatment method may be selected and combined. It can be used to proceed with the treatment of exhaust pollutants and ballast water.
- the controller 301 may control the control valve 331 and adjust the amount of seawater supplied to the scrubber 340 in response to such a situation. Through this, it is possible to distribute the amount of seawater required for ballast water treatment or pollutant treatment at an optimal ratio.
- ballast water may be treated or relatively distributed to use a lot of seawater for ballast water treatment.
- FIG. 24 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reduction device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 400 includes an exhaust gas pipe 410, a washing water supply pipe 420, a scrubber 440, a plasma purification unit 450, and a washing water discharge pipe 441.
- the exhaust gas pipe 410 is connected to the scrubber 440 as a pipe through which the exhaust gas moves from the combustion engine.
- the exhaust gas pipe 410 may be directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the combustion engine so that high temperature exhaust gas may be directly moved or may pass through various heat exchangers to recycle most of the exhaust heat and move the remaining waste gas.
- the generated exhaust gas contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like, and is supplied to the scrubber 440 through an exhaust gas pipe 410 connected to one side of the combustion engine.
- the washing water supply pipe 420 is a pipe for supplying the washing water, which is at least one of sea water or fresh water or mixed water of sea water and fresh water to the scrubber 440, one end of the washing water supply pipe 430 or the fresh water supply pipe 421 The other end may be connected to the scrubber 440. That is, the washing water supply pipe 420 may be selectively supplied with sea water and fresh water.
- the washing water is mainly limited to the sea water, and the process of mainly supplying the seawater through the washing water supply pipe 420 to the scrubber 440 will be described.
- the pump 436 is installed in the seawater supply pipe 430 to smoothly supply the washing water to the scrubber 440.
- the washing water supply pipe 420 is branched from the sea water supply pipe 430 is connected to the scrubber 440, the control valve 431 is provided in the connection portion of the washing water supply pipe 420 and the sea water supply pipe 430 have.
- the scrubber 440 sprays the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 420 to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 410, and may be a wet scrubber.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 410 is first purified by passing through the plasma purification unit 450, and secondly purified by the scrubber 440.
- the plasma purification unit 450 is connected to the exhaust gas pipe 410 to purify the exhaust gas by performing pulse corona discharge.
- the exhaust gas is in a plasma state and ozone, O 2 , OH, etc. It generates oxidizing radicals to remove pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.
- a pretreatment filter (not shown) may be disposed between the exhaust gas pipe 410 and the plasma purification unit 450 to absorb or adsorb the particulate matter.
- the particle sand / liquid material adhered to the electrode may be removed.
- Plasma purifying unit 450 is a wire-shaped first electrode 453 disposed in a cylindrical shape or parallel to each other and a wire-shaped material spaced apart between the electrode having a cylindrical or plate-shaped electrode Two electrodes 452 are included to generate a plasma. The specific structure of the plasma purification unit 450 will be described later.
- the plasma purification unit 450 reduces the pollutants in the exhaust gas by reacting the exhaust gas according to the following reaction formula.
- the plasma purification unit 450 may directly purify the doubling gas passing between the first electrode 453 and the second electrode 452, and the remaining ozone after purifying the exhaust gas flows into the scrubber 440, thereby providing a scrubber ( 440 may kill the microorganisms in the washing water (sea water) flowing into the inside. That is, the plasma purification unit 450 directly purifies the flowing exhaust gas, oxidizes nitrogen oxides so that they can be easily dissolved in the scrubber 440, and supplies ozone to the scrubber 440 to kill microorganisms in the washing water. Can function at the same time. In addition, the plasma purification unit 450 may inject ozone into the injection unit 433, which will be described later, to kill microorganisms.
- the washing water supply pipe 420 has an end portion located inside the scrubber 440 is arranged in multiple stages on the upper portion of the scrubber 440, branched into a plurality can be sprayed in the form of fine particles. That is, the washing water supply pipe 420 disposed above the scrubber 440 sprays the washing water toward the lower portion of the scrubber 440 to effectively contact the exhaust gas and the washing water.
- contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust included in the exhaust gas may be removed.
- the gas may be discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 442. Exhaust gas discharged through the discharge pipe 442 is removed contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and dust, so as to meet the exhaust standards can be discharged as it is in the air.
- the washing water containing nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and dust is discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 441.
- the scrubber 440 not only serves to clean the exhaust gas that has passed through the plasma purification unit 450, but also removes microorganisms present in the washing water when seawater is used as the washing water. That is, the washing water may be discharged to the outside of the hull while passing through the scrubber, or may be stored in the ballast water tank 460 to be utilized as ballast water.
- the exhaust gas may include ozone generated from the plasma purification unit 450, so that the sterilization power by the ozone may kill the microorganisms of the washing water.
- the neutralizing agent may be an alkaline solution, that is, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and may be obtained by electrolysis of seawater or the like.
- the neutralizer supply unit 455 may simply include a neutralizer tank, and may be a device for directly producing a neutralizer including an electrolysis device.
- the neutralizer supply unit 455 may supply the neutralizer to the scrubber 440 or to the rear end of the washing water supply pipe 420 or the mixing pipe 434.
- the neutralizing agent supply unit 455 directly supplies the neutralizing agent to the scrubber 440, the washing water may be sequentially contacted after contacting the exhaust gas. That is, in order to sterilize the microorganisms in the washing water, the exhaust gas is first contacted with the washing water to kill the microorganisms by sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the neutralizing agent is mixed with the washing water to neutralize the washing water to an appropriate pH. Accordingly, the neutralizer supply unit 455 may inject the neutralizer into the lower end of the end of the washing water supply pipe 420 located above or below the scrubber 440.
- the washing water Before the washing water contacting the exhaust gas is collected under the scrubber 440 and discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 441, the washing water may be mixed with a neutralizing agent to neutralize the washing water. In this manner, the process of removing contaminants in the exhaust gas in the scrubber 440, killing microorganisms in the washing water, and neutralizing the washing water may be performed at one time.
- the washing water discharge pipe 441 may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 430 through the filter unit 470 as a pipe for discharging the washing water inside the scrubber 440.
- the circulation pipe 491 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 441.
- a recirculation tank 490 may be installed between the washing water discharge pipe 441 and the circulation pipe 491.
- the washing water supply pipe 420 is connected to the sea water supply pipe 430, the fresh water supply pipe 421, and the circulation pipe 491.
- the filter unit 470 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 440 to separate the solid phase particles, etc. contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 440, the solid phase using at least one of the centrifuge, gravity separator, filter The particles may be separated and discharged into the sludge tank 480.
- One filter unit 470 can filter both the seawater introduced from the outside and the washing water passing through the scrubber 440.
- the filter unit 470 may be divided into two and filter the washing water passing through the seawater and the scrubber, respectively.
- one side of the filter unit 470 may be provided with a confluence pipe directly connected to the seawater supply pipe 430 of the rear end of the control valve 431.
- the sensor unit 432 is provided at the rear end of the injection unit 433. According to the result of the sensor unit 432, the plasma purification unit 450 and the neutralizer supply unit 455 adjust the supply amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent appropriately.
- Washing water and sea water discharged through the mixing pipe 434 is introduced into the ballast water tank 460 or discharged to the outside.
- the ballast water tank 460 stores the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 441. At least one ballast water tank 460 may be installed in the vessel, and the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 441 is acidified by sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, and flows inside the washing water supply pipe 420. PH value is lower than wash water. Therefore, the survival rate of the microorganisms included in the washing water flowing inside the washing water discharge pipe 441 is lower than the survival rate of the microorganisms included in the washing water flowing inside the washing water supply pipe 420.
- FIG. 25 is a cutaway perspective view for explaining an example of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 24.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 25.
- the plasma purification unit 450 includes a reaction module 451 including a first electrode 453 and a second electrode 452.
- the reaction module 451 refers to an independent plasma generating unit including a first electrode 453 and a second electrode 452, and a plurality of reaction modules 451 may be used in series or in parallel.
- the first electrode 453 may serve as a ground plate as an electrode having a cylindrical shape or a pair of plate shapes
- the second electrode 452 may serve as a discharge electrode as an electrode having a thin wire shape.
- the first electrode 453 may be formed in a polygonal or cylindrical shape to form a space in which the second electrode 452 may be disposed.
- the first electrodes 453 may be spaced apart from each other so that the second electrode 452 may be disposed at the center thereof.
- a plurality of second electrodes 452 may be spaced apart from each other and disposed along the flow direction of the exhaust gas. That is, as shown in FIG. 25, the second electrodes 452 may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and may be arranged side by side to be arranged along the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The second electrode 452 forms a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the plurality of second electrodes 452 are disposed along the flow direction of the exhaust gas, thereby increasing the contact area with the exhaust gas.
- the reaction cross-sectional area of the plasma purification unit 450 according to the flow direction of the exhaust gas may be the same as the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas pipe 410.
- the second electrode 452 may be disposed at the center of the first electrode 453 in order to corona discharge the first electrode 453 in various directions.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view for illustrating another example of the plasma purification unit of FIG. 24.
- the plasma purification unit 450 may include a plurality of reaction modules 451.
- 27 illustrates an example of the plasma purification unit 450 in which a plurality of reaction modules 451 are arranged in series and in parallel.
- the plurality of reaction modules 451 included in the plasma purification unit 450 may operate at the same time or may operate respectively as needed.
- reaction modules 451 arranged in parallel in different numbers may be arranged in series.
- the reaction module 451 may be selectively operated according to any one of concentration, flow rate, flow rate, and temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the concentration of exhaust gas is high, the flow rate is fast, and the flow rate is high, the reaction modules of the A1 and A2 regions are operated, the concentration of the exhaust gas is relatively low, the flow rate is low, and the flow rate is not high.
- Some of the A1 region or the A2 region may be selectively operated.
- FIG. 28 illustrates a method in which seawater supplied to the seawater supply pipe 430 is directly discharged to the outside through the scrubber 440.
- FIG. 29 illustrates seawater introduced into the seawater supply pipe 430 through the scrubber 440. After showing the manner of recycling by recycling through the circulation pipe (491).
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 430 is supplied to the scrubber 440 through the washing water supply pipe 420.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 410 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 440.
- the plasma purification unit 450 may generate plasma before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 440 to oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 440, to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, oxidized oxides, dust, etc. from the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 440, and the scrubber ( 440)
- the contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the top.
- contaminants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the contaminants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 442.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 440 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 470 through the washing water discharge pipe 441.
- the filter unit 470 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores the sludge tank 480.
- the clean washing water is discharged to the outside through the mixing pipe 434 and the seawater discharge pipe 437.
- the neutralizer supply unit 455 injects the neutralizing agent into the mixing tube 434 to adjust the pH value within the reference value and then discharge it to the outside.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 430 passes through the scrubber 440 and is discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 441, and the washing water discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 441 is recycled.
- Temporarily stored in the tank 490 is circulated back to the washing water supply pipe 420 through the circulation pipe 491. That is, the process of FIG. 29 is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 28 except that the washing water is recycled and reused through the circulation pipe 491.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 430 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 420, the scrubber 440, the washing water discharge pipe 441, and the circulation pipe 491, and considers the pollution degree of the seawater, pH value, and the like.
- the process of FIG. 29 and the process of FIG. 28 may be performed in parallel.
- the process of FIG. 29 may be used when the seawater cannot be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through an area where the discharge of seawater is restricted, and when the washing water is severely polluted by recirculating the washing water several times, the filter unit ( Through 470, the solid particles may be removed, discharged to the outside, and fresh sea water may be supplied to the scrubber 440 again.
- 28 and 29 may be used selectively or sequentially as needed.
- FIG. 30 shows the process of removing the pollutants of the open loop type and the ballast water treatment method of the direct sterilization method
- FIG. 31 shows the ballast of the pollutant removing method of the closed loop type and the indirect sterilization method. The water treatment process is shown.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 430 is supplied to the scrubber 440 through the washing water supply pipe 420.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 410 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 440.
- the plasma purification unit 450 may generate plasma before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 440 to oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide.
- the neutralizing agent supply unit 455 may spray the neutralizing agent on the rear end of the washing water supply pipe 420, the scrubber 440, or the mixing tube 434 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 440, to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, oxidized oxides, dust, etc. from the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 440, and the scrubber ( 440) The contaminants may be removed again by the washing water sprayed from the top.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 440 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 470 through the washing water discharge pipe 441.
- the filter unit 470 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores the sludge tank 480, and the clean washing water passes through the seawater supply pipe 430 and the mixing pipe 434, and the ballast water tank ( 460 or may be discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe (437). Meanwhile, the sterilant supplied from the plasma purification unit 450 may be injected into the mixed water of the washing water and the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 430 through the injection unit 433.
- seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 430 is supplied to the scrubber 440 through the washing water supply pipe 420.
- Some of the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 440 is recycled to the scrubber 440 through the recirculation tank 490 and the circulation pipe 491, and the washing water supply pipe 420, and the other part to the filter unit 470 I can move it. That is, in the process of FIG. 30, a part of the washing water passing through the scrubber 440 is recycled to the scrubber 440 through the recycling tank 490, the circulation pipe 491, and the washing water supply pipe 420, and mixed.
- the remaining process is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 30 except that the treated water passing through the pipe 434 is not discharged to the outside through the seawater discharge pipe 437.
- the process of FIG. 30 and FIG. 31 may be selectively performed in consideration of the timing of adjusting the amount or type of microorganisms contained in seawater or the amount of ballast water required and the treatment of exhaust gas.
- FIG. 32 is a view schematically showing a pollutant reduction device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 33 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the purification unit of FIG. 32.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 500 includes an exhaust gas pipe 510, a sea water supply pipe 520, a washing water supply pipe 530, a scrubber 540, a purification unit 550, and a washing water discharge pipe. 541.
- the exhaust gas pipe 510 is a pipe through which exhaust gas moves from a combustion engine (not shown), and is connected to a scrubber 540 to be described later.
- the exhaust gas pipe 510 may be directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the combustion engine, and may be a passage through which hot exhaust gas directly moves or passes through various heat exchangers to recycle most of the exhaust heat, and the remaining waste gas moves.
- the generated exhaust gas includes a large amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like, and is supplied to the scrubber 540 through an exhaust gas pipe 510 connected to one side of the combustion engine.
- the seawater supply pipe 520 is a pipe for supplying ballast water to the ballast water tank 560 by receiving seawater from the outside, and at least one pump P1 is installed to supply seawater to the ballast water tank 560 and the scrubber 540. Can be supplied smoothly.
- the one side of the sea water supply pipe 520 is branched to the washing water supply pipe 530 may be connected to the scrubber 540, the connection portion of the sea water supply pipe 520 and the washing water supply pipe 530, the first control valve ( 525 may be installed.
- the first control valve 525 is formed in a three-way valve form to control the amount of seawater supplied through the washing water supply pipe 530 or to supply the seawater and the seawater supply pipe 520 branched to the washing water supply pipe 530.
- the ratio of seawater supplied to the ballast water tank 560 can be adjusted.
- the sea water supply pipe 520 is branched into the ballast water supply pipe 523 and the sea water discharge pipe 524 at the rear end of the washing water supply pipe 530, the ballast water supply pipe 523 supplies the ballast water to the ballast water tank 560.
- the seawater discharge pipe 524 may discharge the seawater to the outside.
- the washing water supply pipe 530 is a pipe for supplying washing water, which is at least one of sea water or fresh water, or a mixture of sea water and fresh water, to the scrubber 540, and one end thereof is connected to the sea water supply pipe 520 or the fresh water supply pipe 529. The other end may be connected to the scrubber 540. That is, the washing water supply pipe 530 may be selectively supplied with sea water and fresh water.
- the process of supplying the scrubber 540 to the scrubber 540 will be described in more detail.
- the scrubber 540 sprays the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 530 to the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust gas pipe 510 to vapor-contact the exhaust gas with the washing water.
- the scrubber is a wet scrubber. Can be.
- the washing water containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust is discharged to the outside of the scrubber 540 through the washing water discharge pipe 541.
- the purification unit 550 generates an oxidant for oxidizing nitrogen oxides by electrolyzing seawater, a neutralizer for neutralizing acidified washing water, or a fungicide for killing microorganisms contained in seawater, and exhaust gas pipe 510 or It may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 520 or the scrubber 540.
- the purification unit 550 may supply an oxidizing agent, a neutralizing agent, or a sterilizing agent to the exhaust gas pipe 510, the sea water supply pipe 520, or the scrubber 540.
- the purifying unit 550 includes an electrolysis tank 551, a positive electrode plate 552a, a negative electrode plate 552b, and a rectifier 553.
- the electrolysis tank 551 is a container or a chamber in which an accommodation space is formed, and accommodates the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 520.
- the electrolysis tank 551 is connected to the seawater inlet pipe 521 branched from the seawater supply pipe 520 to one side to receive the seawater, and at least one pump P2 is installed on the seawater inlet pipe 521 to provide seawater. It can be smoothly supplied to the electrolysis tank 551.
- the electrolytic bath 551 is provided with a positive electrode plate 552a and a negative electrode plate 552b therein.
- the positive electrode plate 552a and the negative electrode plate 552b are disposed in the electrolytic bath 551 in the direction of seawater flow, and are disposed to face each other at a predetermined interval. Between the positive electrode plate 552a and the negative electrode plate 552b, a diaphragm 554 formed of a hydrophilic porous membrane is provided, and the electrolysis tank 551 has a first region 551a in which the positive electrode plate 552a is located.
- the negative electrode plate 552b may be divided into a second region 551b in which the negative electrode plate 552b is located.
- the diaphragm 554 is not limited to being formed of a hydrophilic porous membrane, and the diaphragm 554 may be modified as necessary or may be omitted if necessary.
- the positive electrode plate 552a and the negative electrode plate 552b are electrically connected to the rectifier 553 through a cable, respectively.
- the rectifier 553 supplies rectified current to the positive electrode plate 552a and the negative electrode plate 552b, respectively.
- the rectifier 553 is illustrated as being installed outside the electrolysis tank 551 on the drawing, the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the rectifier 553 may be installed inside the electrolysis tank 551.
- sodium chloride (NaCl) contained in seawater is electrolyzed by the current supplied from the rectifier 553.
- an oxidizing reaction occurs in the positive electrode plate 552a. Is generated, and hydrogen gas (H2) and hydroxyl group (OH) are generated in the negative electrode plate 552b.
- chlorine gas (Cl2) and hydroxyl group (OH) react with each other to produce strong oxidizing sodium sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl).
- the concentration measuring sensor 555 is provided in the electrolysis tank 551 to measure the concentration of the generated oxidizing agent or bactericide or neutralizing agent, the rectifier 553 is supplied in connection with the concentration value measured by the concentration measuring sensor 555. You can adjust the strength of the current.
- the oxidizing agent may be sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) generated by electrolyzing seawater
- the purification unit 550 may be an oxidizing agent in the exhaust gas pipe 510 through the first injection pipe 556. Can be atomized into a liquid phase and sprayed.
- the fungicide is sodium hyponitrate (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) produced by electrolysis of seawater, or sodium hyponitrite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) reacted with exhaust gas and seawater to produce nitric acid. (HNO 3) and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4).
- the purifying unit 550 may inject the sterilizer into the scrubber 540 through the second inlet tube 557 or inject the sterilizer into the seawater supply pipe 520 through the third inlet tube 558.
- the purification unit 550 may adjust the injection amount of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) to maintain the pH value of the sterilant 5-7, so that the sterilizing power to kill microorganisms can be the best.
- HOCl hypochlorous acid
- the pH value of the washing water is less than or equal to 2.7, toxic chlorine may be generated and may be dangerous.
- the neutralizing agent may be a dilution solution of sodium hyponitrate (NaOCl) or sodium hyponitrate (NaOCl) generated by electrolysis of seawater
- the purification unit 550 may be a scrubber 540 through a second injection pipe 557. ) May be injected into the neutralizer, or the neutralizer may be injected into the seawater supply pipe 520 through the third injection pipe 558.
- the purifying unit 550 may inject oxidant into the exhaust gas pipe 510 through the first injection pipe 556 to oxidize nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide is easily dissolved in water compared to nitrogen monoxide, so that it can be easily dissolved in the washing water in the scrubber 540.
- the first injection pipe 556 may atomize the liquid oxidant into the exhaust gas pipe 510 and inject the liquid oxidant or spray the liquid oxidant into the exhaust gas through a separate spray unit 511 installed in the exhaust gas pipe 510.
- the purification unit 550 may spray the neutralizing agent to the scrubber 540 through the second injection pipe 557 or the neutralizing agent to the seawater supply pipe 520 through the third injection pipe 558.
- the neutralizing agent may neutralize the acidified washing water by reacting nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) with the washing water. Since nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) react with seawater to produce nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), respectively, the purification unit 550 sprays sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) onto the scrubber 540. To neutralize the acidified wash water. Inside the scrubber 540, the following reaction occurs.
- hypochlorite reacts with nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to further generate hypochlorous acid (HOCl), so that the microorganisms contained in the wash water can be sterilized secondaryly.
- HOCl hypochlorous acid
- a separate neutralizing agent for example, sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 3 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) may be added.
- the purification unit 550 may sterilize and neutralize the ballast water and the seawater by injecting a fungicide or a neutralizer into the ballast water supply pipe 523 or the seawater discharge pipe 524 through the third injection pipe 558.
- the purification unit 550 may directly inject the neutralizing agent (NaOH) through the second injection pipe 557, if the neutralization of the washing water is not sufficiently made with the neutralizing agent supplied from the purification unit 550, May be subjected to a second neutralization step by adding a neutralizing agent injection unit (not shown).
- a neutralizing agent injection unit not shown
- the washing water discharge pipe 541 is a pipe discharging the washing water inside the scrubber 540 and may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 520 again through the filter unit 570.
- the circulating pipe 591 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 541.
- the circulation pipe 591 is a pipe that recycles the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 541 to the washing water supply pipe 530, and when the washing water is not used as ballast water or does not need to be discharged to the outside, the washing water. May be recycled to the scrubber 540 and reused.
- a recycle tank 590 may be installed between the washing water discharge pipe 541 and the circulation pipe 591.
- the washing water supply pipe 530 is connected to the sea water supply pipe 520, the fresh water supply pipe 529, and the circulation pipe 591.
- the filter unit 570 is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 540 to separate the solid particles contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 540, the centrifuge, gravity separator, filter like the recirculation tank 590 After separating the solid particles using at least one of the sludge tank 580 may be discharged.
- the filter unit 570 may be connected to the seawater supply pipe 520 between the pump P1 and the first control valve 525.
- a confluence pipe 527 directly connected to the seawater supply pipe 520 at the rear end of the first control valve 525 may be installed at one side of the filter unit 570.
- the neutralizing agent or the disinfectant may be injected into the washing water or the seawater passing through the filter unit 570 through the third injection pipe 558.
- a mixing tube 522 may be installed between the filter unit 570 and the seawater discharge pipe 524 to discharge the mixed water of seawater and washing water, and the third injection pipe 558 may be a seawater supply pipe 520 or a mixing pipe ( 522 may be connected.
- An injection unit 559 is installed on the third injection pipe 558 to inject a neutralizer or a disinfectant supplied from the purification unit 550.
- the injection unit 559 may be used to clean the neutralizer or the sterilant in a liquid or gaseous state and wash water. Can be injected into.
- the sensor unit 524a is installed on the seawater discharge pipe 524, so that at least one of total residual oxidant, pH value, and microbial concentration included in the discharged washing water and seawater can be grasped in real time.
- the purifying unit 550 may adjust the supply amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent according to the result value of the sensor unit 524a.
- the washing water and the seawater discharged through the mixing pipe 522 are introduced into the ballast water tank 560 through the ballast water supply pipe 523 or discharged to the outside through the seawater discharge pipe 524.
- the ballast water tank 560 stores the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 541.
- FIG. 34 and 35 illustrate a process in which seawater introduced through a seawater supply pipe is supplied to ballast water
- FIG. 34 illustrates a direct sterilization method in which a fungicide is added to the whole seawater supplied with ballast water.
- seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 520 passes through the filter unit 570 and microorganisms having large particles are removed.
- Some of the seawater passing through the filter unit 570 may be supplied to the purification unit 550 through the seawater inlet pipe 521 to generate a disinfectant, and some of the seawater may be provided to the seawater supply pipe 520 and the mixing pipe 522. Flow along.
- the fungicide generated from the purification unit 550 may be injected into the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 520 and the mixing pipe 522 through the third injection pipe 558 and the injection unit 559, and the fungicide is injected
- the seawater in which microorganisms are killed may be supplied to the ballast water tank 560 and used as ballast water.
- the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe 520 passes through the filter unit 570, and microorganisms having large particles are removed, and some flows along the seawater supply pipe 520, and some Flow along the bypass tube 528.
- the seawater supply pipe 520 is a pipe through which the disinfectant is injected from the purification unit 550
- the bypass pipe 528 is a pipe into which the seawater passing through the filter unit 570 directly flows into the ballast water tank 560.
- the seawater flowing along the seawater supply pipe 520 and the seawater flowing along the bypass pipe 528 are mixed in the mixing pipe 522 and supplied to the ballast water tank 560.
- the pollutant reduction apparatus 500 may independently treat the ballast water without using the function of removing the exhaust gas.
- FIG. 36 illustrates a method in which seawater supplied to a seawater supply pipe is directly discharged to the outside after passing through a scrubber
- FIG. 37 illustrates a method in which seawater supplied to a seawater supply pipe is recycled through a circulation pipe after passing through a scrubber. It is.
- some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 520 is supplied to the scrubber 540 through the washing water supply pipe 530, and some of the seawater is supplied through the seawater inflow pipe 521. Supplied to 550.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 510 may be injected from the bottom of the scrubber 540.
- the purifying unit 550 may oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by spraying the oxidant generated by electrolyzing seawater before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 540.
- the purification unit 550 may spray the neutralizing agent to the seawater supply pipe 520 or the scrubber 540 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 540, and thus, the pollutants such as nitrogen oxide sulfur oxide, dust, etc. may be removed first.
- contaminants may be secondarily removed by the washing water sprayed from the scrubber 540.
- FIG. 37 some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 520 is supplied to the scrubber 540, and some of the seawater is supplied to the purification unit 550.
- the washing water discharged through the scrubber 540 to the washing water discharge pipe 541 is temporarily stored in the recirculation tank 590 and then circulated to the washing water supply pipe 530 through the circulation pipe 591. That is, the process of FIG. 37 is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 36 except that the washing water is recycled through the circulation pipe 591.
- the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 520 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 530, the scrubber 540, the washing water discharge pipe 541, the recirculation tank 590, and the circulation pipe 591.
- the process of FIG. 36 and the process of FIG. 37 may be performed in parallel. 37 may be used when seawater cannot be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through an area where discharge of seawater is restricted.
- the washing water is heavily polluted by recirculating the washing water, the solid particles are removed through the filter unit 570 and then discharged to the outside, and new seawater may be supplied to the scrubber 540 again.
- 36 and 37 may be selectively or sequentially used as necessary.
- Figure 39 is a ballast of the pollutant removal method and indirect sterilization method of the closed loop type (close loop) type The water treatment process is shown.
- the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 510 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 540, and the purification unit 550 may inject oxidant to inject nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen dioxide before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 540. Can be oxidized.
- the purification unit 550 may spray a neutralizing agent to the scrubber 540 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water.
- the exhaust gas may be injected in the washing water filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 540, and thus, the pollutants such as nitrogen oxide sulfur oxide, dust, etc. may be removed first.
- contaminants may be secondarily removed by the washing water sprayed from the scrubber 540.
- the washing water passing through the scrubber 540 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust, and moves to the filter unit 570 through the washing water discharge pipe 541.
- the filter unit 570 separates contaminants such as solid particles contained in the washing water and stores them in the sludge tank 580, and the washing water from which the contaminants are removed passes through the seawater supply pipe 520 and the mixing pipe 522.
- the seawater introduced from the outside that does not pass through the scrubber 40 through the confluence pipe 527 branched from the sea water inlet pipe 521 is joined to the sea water supply pipe 520, and flows through the sea water supply pipe 520
- the contaminants may be mixed in the dewatered wash water.
- the sterilant generated from the purification unit 550 may be injected into the mixed water of the washing water and the seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 520 through the third injection pipe 558 and the injection unit 559.
- some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 520 is supplied to the scrubber 540, and some of the seawater is supplied to the purification unit 550.
- Some of the washing water that has passed through the scrubber 540 is recycled to the scrubber 540 via the recirculation tank 590 and the circulation pipe 591, and the washing water supply pipe 530, and the other part is to the filter unit 570 I can move it. That is, in the process of FIG.
- seawater flowing through the seawater supply pipe 520 may flow along the bypass pipe 528 to be mixed with the flow of seawater injected with the sterilizer.
- 38 and 39 may be selectively or sequentially used in consideration of the amount or type of microorganisms in the seawater or the amount of ballast water required.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 연소기관의 배기가스를 배출하는 배기가스관;세정수를 공급하는 세정수 공급관;상기 배기가스관을 통해 유입되는 배기가스에, 상기 세정수 공급관을 통해 공급되는 세정수를 분무하는 스크러버; 및상기 스크러버 내부의 세정수를 배출하여 밸러스트수 탱크로 공급하는 세정수 배출관을 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 세정수 공급관 내부를 유동하는 세정수의 pH값보다, 상기 세정수 배출관 내부를 유동하는 세정수의 pH값이 더 낮은 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 배기가스관 또는 상기 스크러버에 연결되어, 질소계산화물을 산화시키거나, 산성화된 세정수를 중화시키거나, 세정수에 포함된 미생물을 사멸시키는 정화유닛을 더 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 3항에 있어서,외부로부터 해수를 유입받아 상기 밸러스트수 탱크에 밸러스트수를 공급하는 해수 공급관을 더 포함하고,상기 세정수 공급관은 상기 해수 공급관으로부터 분지된 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 4항에 있어서,상기 세정수 공급관을 통해 상기 스크러버로 유입되는 해수의 양을 조절하는 제어 밸브와,상기 배기가스의 농도나 오염도 또는 상기 스크러버를 통과한 상기 세정수의 pH값에 따라 상기 제어밸브를 제어하는 제어부를 더 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 5항에 있어서,상기 배기가스의 농도나 오염도는, 상기 배기가스 내의 황산화물 및 질소산화물 중 적어도 하나의 양으로 판단하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 5항에 있어서,상기 제어 밸브는 상기 해수 공급관과 상기 세정수 공급관을 연결하며, 상기 세정수 공급관으로 분지되는 해수의 양 또는 비율을 조절하는 3방 밸브를 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 세정수 배출관과 상기 세정수 공급관을 연결하는 순환관을 더 포함하여, 상기 세정수 배출관을 통해서 배출되는 세정수는 상기 순환관을 통해서 상기 세정수 공급관으로 재순환되는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 세정수 배출관과 상기 순환관 사이에 배치된 재순환 탱크와,상기 재순환 탱크에 연결되고, 상기 배출된 세정수에 포함된 고체상 입자를 분리하는 필터 유닛과,상기 필터 유닛에 연결되고, 상기 필터 유닛에 의해 걸러진 고체상 입자가 모여지는 슬러지탱크를 더 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 3항에 있어서,상기 정화유닛은 상기 배기가스관, 상기 해수공급관 또는 상기 스크러버에 연결되어, 해수를 전기분해하여 질소계산화물을 산화시키는 산화제, 산성화된 세정수를 중화시키는 중화제 또는 해수에 포함된 미생물을 사멸시키는 살균제를 공급하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 10항에 있어서,상기 산화제는 상기 해수를 전기분해하여 생성한 차아염소산나트륨 또는 차아염소산이고,상기 살균제는 상기 해수를 전기분해하여 생성한 차아염소산나트륨 또는 차아염소산이거나, 상기 차아염소산나트륨 또는 상기 차아염소산이 상기 배기가스 및 상기 해수와 반응하여 생성된 질산 또는 황산이고,상기 중화제는 상기 해수를 전기분해하여 생성한 차아염소산나트륨 또는 상기 차아염소산나트륨의 희석액인 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 배기가스관에 연결되어, 펄스 코로나 방전을 하여 상기 배기가스를 산화시키고 오존과 산화성 라디칼을 발생시켜 상기 세정수를 살균하는 정화유닛을 더 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 12항에 있어서,상기 플라즈마 정화유닛은,통형상 또는 서로 평행하게 배치된 한 쌍의 플레이트형상의 제1 전극과,상기 제1 전극의 내측 또는 상기 제1 전극의 사이에 이격되어 배치되며 상기 배기가스의 유동방향과 수직 방향으로 배열된 와이어 형상의 제2 전극을 포함하는 반응 모듈을 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 제 12항에 있어서,상기 스크러버 또는 혼합관의 후단에 중화제를 공급하는 중화제공급부를 더 포함하는 오염물질 저감장치.
- 연소기관의 배기가스와 외부로부터 해수를 유입받는 (a) 단계;상기 배기가스에 산화제를 분사하여 질소계산화물을 산화시켜 스크러버로 공급하는 (b) 단계;상기 스크러버에 상기 유입된 해수 중 일부를 분사하여 상기 배기가스에 포함된 오염물질을 분리하는 (c) 단계; 및상기 분리된 오염물질을 이용하여 상기 유입된 해수에 포함된 미생물을 사멸시키는 (d) 단계를 포함하는 오염물질 저감방법.
Priority Applications (5)
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US15/555,443 US10618622B2 (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | Pollutant reduction device and method |
CN202110192134.8A CN112973332B (zh) | 2015-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | 污染物质减少装置及方法 |
EP16759190.8A EP3266702B1 (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | Pollutant reduction device and method |
CN201680013274.1A CN107427768A (zh) | 2015-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | 污染物质减少装置及方法 |
JP2017545645A JP6581202B2 (ja) | 2015-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | 汚染物質低減装置及び方法 |
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KR10-2015-0030232 | 2015-03-04 | ||
KR1020150030232A KR101636043B1 (ko) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | 선박의 동력장치 |
KR1020150107367A KR102334645B1 (ko) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | 배기 및 배수 오염물질 저감장치 |
KR10-2015-0107367 | 2015-07-29 | ||
KR1020150123160A KR101762903B1 (ko) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | 배기 및 배수 오염물질 저감장치 |
KR10-2015-0123160 | 2015-08-31 | ||
KR1020150128602A KR101815085B1 (ko) | 2015-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | 배기 및 배수 오염물질 저감장치 |
KR1020150128595A KR101775118B1 (ko) | 2015-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | 배기 및 배수 오염물질의 동시 저감 방법 |
KR10-2015-0128602 | 2015-09-10 | ||
KR10-2015-0128595 | 2015-09-10 | ||
KR1020150129290A KR20170031559A (ko) | 2015-09-11 | 2015-09-11 | 배기 및 배수 오염물질 저감장치 |
KR10-2015-0129290 | 2015-09-11 |
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EP (1) | EP3266702B1 (ko) |
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US10618622B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
EP3266702A4 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
US20180037308A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
EP3266702B1 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
CN112973332B (zh) | 2023-03-28 |
JP2018507779A (ja) | 2018-03-22 |
CN107427768A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
EP3266702A1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
CN112973332A (zh) | 2021-06-18 |
JP6581202B2 (ja) | 2019-09-25 |
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