WO2016136262A1 - 反射防止膜およびその製造方法、並びに光学部材 - Google Patents
反射防止膜およびその製造方法、並びに光学部材 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
- G02B1/115—Multilayers
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/26—All layers being made of paper or paperboard
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/028—Paper layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2479/00—Furniture
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antireflection film including a concavo-convex structure layer, a method for producing the same, and an optical member.
- an antireflection film is provided on the light incident surface in order to reduce the loss of transmitted light due to surface reflection.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3, etc. As an antireflection structure for visible light, a dielectric multilayer film, a fine uneven layer having a pitch shorter than the wavelength of visible light, and the like are known (Patent Documents 1 to 3, etc.).
- the refractive index of the material constituting the fine uneven layer and the transparent substrate is different. Therefore, it is known that a means for matching the refractive index step between the concavo-convex layer and the transparent substrate is required when used for antireflection of the transparent substrate.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a fine uneven layer obtained by boehmizing alumina via a transparent thin film layer (intermediate layer) is formed on a base material.
- Patent Document 2 discloses two matching layers having an intermediate refractive index between the concavo-convex layer and the base material as an intermediate layer between the base material and the fine concavo-convex layer obtained by boehmizing alumina.
- the first and second matching layers in the relationship of the refractive index of the base material> the refractive index of the first matching layer> the refractive index of the second matching layer> the refractive index of the concavo-convex layer are set on the base material side.
- the first matching layer and the second matching layer are disclosed in this order.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration having an intermediate layer having a five-layer structure.
- the present inventors have provided a concavo-convex structure layer made of alumina hydrate in the anti-reflection structure, but a slight but not negligible level. It has been found that in the case of products such as lenses, the quality of the optical element may be greatly affected by being recognized as fogging of the antireflection film-forming surface in products such as lenses.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an antireflection film that suppresses scattered light and maintains sufficient antireflection performance, a manufacturing method thereof, and an optical member including the antireflection film. It is intended to provide.
- the first antireflection film of the present invention is an antireflection film provided on the surface of a substrate, Arranged between the concavo-convex structure layer having a concavo-convex structure having a convex-to-convex distance smaller than the wavelength of light to be prevented from reflection and mainly composed of alumina hydrate, and the concavo-convex structure layer and the base material With the middle class,
- the concavo-convex structure layer has a concavo-convex structure having a spatial frequency peak value of 8.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 or more and a film thickness of less than 270 nm.
- the intermediate layer is composed of a plurality of layers including at least the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer in this order from the concavo-convex structure layer side to the base material side,
- the first layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm to 80 nm.
- the second layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less
- the third layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 10 nm to 80 nm.
- the fourth layer is an antireflection film having a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 160 nm or less.
- the spatial frequency peak value of the concavo-convex structure refers to the value of the spatial frequency indicating the maximum intensity obtained by obtaining the spatial frequency intensity distribution (spectrum) of the concavo-convex structure.
- the method for obtaining the spatial frequency intensity distribution will be described later.
- the second antireflection film of the present invention is an antireflection film provided on the surface of the substrate, Arranged between the concavo-convex structure layer having a concavo-convex structure having a convex-to-convex distance smaller than the wavelength of light to be prevented from reflection and mainly composed of alumina hydrate, and the concavo-convex structure layer and the base material With the middle class,
- the concavo-convex structure layer is obtained by warm water treatment of an aluminum film, and the film thickness is less than 270 nm.
- the intermediate layer is composed of a plurality of layers including at least the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer in this order from the concavo-convex structure layer side to the base material side,
- the first layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm to 80 nm.
- the second layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less
- the third layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 10 nm to 80 nm.
- the fourth layer is an antireflection film having a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 160 nm or less.
- the “main component” means a component that occupies 90% by mass or more of the total components.
- the refractive index is defined as a value for light having a wavelength of 540 nm.
- the antireflection film of the present invention further comprises a fifth layer on the base layer side of the fourth layer in the intermediate layer, and the fifth layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm to 50 nm. Is preferred.
- the antireflection film of the present invention is further provided with a sixth layer on the substrate side of the fifth layer in the intermediate layer, and the sixth layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 40 nm or less. preferable.
- the antireflection film of the present invention may further include a seventh layer having a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 80 nm or less on the base material side of the sixth layer in the intermediate layer.
- the antireflection film of the present invention may further include an eighth layer having a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less on the base material side of the seventh layer in the intermediate layer.
- the first layer is preferably made of silicon oxynitride.
- the second layer is made of niobium oxide.
- the odd layers of the plurality of layers constituting the intermediate layer are formed of the same material.
- the odd number layer refers to a layer that is laminated in an odd number from the concavo-convex structure layer side such as the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer.
- even layers among a plurality of layers constituting the intermediate layer are formed of the same material.
- the even layer refers to a layer that is laminated evenly from the concavo-convex structure layer side, such as the second layer, the fourth layer, and the sixth layer.
- the optical member of the present invention comprises the above antireflection film and a transparent substrate on which the antireflection film is formed.
- the refractive index of the transparent substrate is preferably 1.65 or more and 2.10 or less.
- the method for producing an antireflection film according to the present invention is an antireflection film provided on the surface of a substrate, and has a concavo-convex structure with a distance between protrusions that is smaller than the wavelength of light to be antireflective.
- a method for producing an antireflection film comprising a concavo-convex structure layer containing as a main component, and an intermediate layer disposed between the concavo-convex structure layer and a substrate, Form an intermediate layer on the surface of the substrate, An aluminum film having a thickness of 10 nm or more and less than 30 nm is formed on the outermost surface of the intermediate layer, This is a method for producing an antireflection film in which an uneven structure layer having a thickness of less than 270 nm is formed as an uneven structure layer by subjecting an aluminum film to hot water treatment.
- hot water treatment means exposure to warm water of 70 ° C. or higher for 1 minute or longer.
- the first antireflection film of the present invention comprises a concavo-convex structure layer having a concavo-convex structure with a distance between convex parts smaller than the wavelength of light to be antireflective, and mainly composed of hydrated alumina, and a concavo-convex structure.
- the concavo-convex structure layer includes a concavo-convex structure layer having a spatial frequency peak value of 8.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 or more and a film thickness of less than 270 nm. The light intensity can be significantly suppressed as compared with the conventional case.
- the intermediate layer is composed of a plurality of layers including at least the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer in this order from the concavo-convex structure layer side to the substrate side, and the refractive index of the first layer is Less than 1.7, the film thickness is 3 nm or more and 80 nm or less, the second layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more, the film thickness is 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less, the third layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7, and the film thickness is When the thickness is 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less and the fourth layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 160 nm or less, good antireflection performance can be obtained.
- the second antireflection film of the present invention comprises a concavo-convex structure layer having a concavo-convex structure with a distance between convex parts smaller than the wavelength of light to be antireflective, and mainly composed of alumina hydrate, and a concavo-convex structure.
- the concavo-convex structure layer is a layer having a thickness of less than 270 nm obtained by treating the aluminum film with warm water, and thus the scattered light intensity is In comparison, it can be significantly suppressed.
- the intermediate layer is composed of a plurality of layers including at least the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer in this order from the concavo-convex structure layer side to the substrate side, and the refractive index of the first layer is Less than 1.7, the film thickness is 3 nm or more and 80 nm or less, the second layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more, the film thickness is 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less, the third layer has a refractive index of less than 1.7, and the film thickness is When the thickness is 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less and the fourth layer has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 160 nm or less, good antireflection performance can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the optical member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the measuring method of the film thickness of an uneven structure body layer. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 3.
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a scattered light measuring method. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the film thickness of an aluminum thin film, and the amount of scattered lights. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the film thickness of an aluminum thin film, and the film thickness of an uneven structure body layer.
- FIG. 3 is an electron microscope image obtained by photographing the surface of the concavo-convex structure layer of Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the film thickness of an aluminum thin film, and a spatial frequency peak value. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of the comparative example 4. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 4.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 5.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 6.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 7.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 8.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 9.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 10.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 11.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 12.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 15.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 17.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 18.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 19.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 20.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 21.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 23.
- FIG. 25 It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 25.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 26. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 27. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 28. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 29.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 30. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 31. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 32.
- FIG. 33 It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 33.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 34. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 35. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 36. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 37. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 38. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 39. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 40.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 34. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 35. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 36. It
- FIG. 41 It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 41.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member of Example 42.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an optical member 1 including an antireflection film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical member 1 of the present embodiment includes a transparent base material 2 and an antireflection film 3 formed on the surface of the transparent base material 2.
- the antireflection film 3 has a concavo-convex structure layer 10 mainly composed of hydrated alumina having a concavo-convex structure having a distance between convex portions smaller than the wavelength of light to be prevented from being reflected, and a concavo-convex structure layer 10.
- an intermediate layer 5 disposed between the transparent substrate 2 and the transparent substrate 2.
- the light to be reflected varies depending on the application, but is generally light in the visible light region, and may be light in the infrared region as necessary.
- light mainly in the visible light region (in particular, a wavelength of 450 nm to 650 nm, more preferably 400 nm to 750 nm) is targeted.
- the visible light region refers to a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm.
- the shape of the transparent substrate 2 is not particularly limited, and is an optical element mainly used in an optical device such as a flat plate, a concave lens, and a convex lens, and may be a substrate composed of a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface having a positive or negative curvature. Good.
- a material of the transparent substrate glass, plastic, or the like can be used.
- transparent means that the optical member is transparent (internal transmittance is approximately 10% or more) with respect to the wavelength of light (antireflection target light) that is desired to be prevented from being reflected.
- the refractive index of the transparent substrate 2 is preferably 1.65 or more and 2.10 or less.
- Specific examples of materials that satisfy this requirement include S-YGH51 (Ohara Corporation: refractive index 1.759), S-LAH55V (Ohara Corporation: refractive index 1.840), S-TIH6 (Ohara Corporation: Refractive index 1.814), S-LAH58 (Ohara: Refractive index 1.889), S-LAH79 (Ohara: Refractive index 2.013), and FDS90 (HOYA: Refractive index 1.857) And optical resins such as MR-10 (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc .: refractive index 1.67).
- the concavo-convex structure layer 10 has a concavo-convex structure having a spatial frequency peak value larger than 8.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 and a film thickness of less than 270 nm.
- the concavo-convex structure layer 10 may include a flat layer on the (intermediate layer side) of the concavo-convex structure.
- the hydrated alumina constituting the concavo-convex structure layer 10 is boehmite (expressed as Al 2 O 3 .H 2 O or AlOOH), which is an alumina monohydrate, and alumina trihydrate (hydroxylated). Buyer's light (which is expressed as Al 2 O 3 .3H 2 O or Al (OH) 3 ).
- the concavo-convex structure layer 10 is transparent, and has a sawtooth-shaped cross section although the size of the convex portion (the size of the apex angle) and the direction are various.
- the distance between the convex parts of the concavo-convex structure layer 10 is the distance between the vertices of the nearest convex parts across the concave part. The distance is equal to or shorter than the wavelength of light to be prevented from being reflected, and is on the order of several tens of nm to several hundreds of nm.
- the thickness is preferably 150 nm or less, and more preferably 100 nm or less.
- the concavo-convex structure layer 10 has a region in which the gap is the largest and sparse on the surface side in contact with the air layer, and the refractive index gradually increases from 1.0 in the thickness direction from the surface side in contact with the air layer toward the substrate side. It is what you have.
- the average distance between the convex portions is obtained by taking a surface image of a fine concavo-convex structure with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), binarizing it by image processing, and obtaining it by statistical processing.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the present inventors have found that although the concavo-convex structure of the concavo-convex structure layer 10 has a random shape, the presence of long-wavelength fluctuations of about the wavelength of light causes generation of scattered light.
- the degree of long-wavelength fluctuation of a fine concavo-convex structure can be estimated from the Fourier transform of the structure pattern.
- the intensity spectrum of the spatial frequency can be calculated by performing a discrete Fourier transform on the electron microscope image obtained by observing the concavo-convex structure pattern from above, and the spatial frequency (spatial frequency peak value) that gives the intensity peak gives an indication of the structure size Is.
- the inventors have found that the scattered light intensity decreases as the spatial frequency peak value is higher (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-196274: unpublished at the time of this application).
- the concavo-convex structure layer made of alumina hydrate is generally obtained by forming a thin film of aluminum-containing compound, particularly alumina, and performing hot water treatment.
- the spatial frequency peak value of the concavo-convex structure is considered to depend on the self-organization process of boehmite, which is a hydrate of alumina, but according to the study by the present inventors, the hot water treatment time, the temperature of the hot water treatment water, Even when the hot water treatment conditions such as the pH of the treated water were changed, the spatial frequency peak value did not change significantly.
- the generation of scattered light can be dramatically reduced by making the aluminum thin film thinner. That is, the concavo-convex structure layer obtained by forming an aluminum thin film with a thickness of less than 30 nm as the precursor and immersing the aluminum thin film in warm water at 70 ° C. or higher for 1 minute or longer and performing hot water treatment is a film having a thickness of 30 nm or greater.
- the inventors have clarified that the amount of scattered light is remarkably reduced as compared with the concavo-convex structure layer obtained by using a thick aluminum thin film (see Examples below).
- the thickness of the aluminum thin film is preferably 10 nm or more, and more preferably 15 nm or more and 20 nm or less.
- the electrical resistivity of pure water which is a raw material of the treatment liquid at the time of the hot water treatment, be 10 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or more at a water temperature of 25 ° C. so as not to inhibit the reaction in which the hydrate of alumina is generated.
- the thickness of the resulting concavo-convex structure layer 10 is generally less than 270 nm.
- the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is preferably larger than 100 nm, and more preferably 140 nm or more. 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less are preferable from both viewpoints of suppression of scattered light and antireflection performance, and most preferable is 200 nm or more and 250 nm or less.
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer 10 is defined as from the interface position with the intermediate layer to the tip of the convex portion. It can be measured from an electron microscopic image of the cross section of the sample.
- FIG. 1B is an electron microscope image at a magnification of 50,000 times, in which a cross section of the antireflection film of Comparative Example 1 described later is imaged with a scanning electron microscope S-4100 (Hitachi).
- the intermediate layer does not have a structure in the in-plane direction along the laminated surface (left and right direction in the image of FIG. 1B), and the concavo-convex structure layer has a structure in the in-plane direction.
- a boundary between a region having a structure in a direction and a region having no structure is defined as an interface between the intermediate layer and the uneven structure layer.
- the straight line L i and parallel straight line representing the interface between the intermediate layer and the concave-convex structure layer, as an area where uneven structure layer is present, and, most distance such increases linearly with the straight line L i Is defined as a straight line L h that passes through the tip of the convex portion of the concavo-convex structure layer.
- the distance d between the two parallel straight lines L i and L h at this time is defined as the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer.
- the imaging range needs to be imaged at least over a region of 1 ⁇ m or more in the in-plane direction.
- the intermediate layer 5 includes at least a first layer 51, a second layer 52, a third layer 53, and a fourth layer 54 in this order from the concavo-convex structure layer 10 side to the base material 2 side. It consists of multiple layers.
- the first layer 51 has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 80 nm or less
- the second layer 52 has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less.
- the third layer 53 has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less
- the fourth layer 54 has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 160 nm or less.
- the intermediate layer 5 has a laminated structure of four or more layers including at least the first layer 51 to the fourth layer 54 as described above, and may include a fifth layer 55 as shown in FIG. As shown in c of FIG. 1A, a fifth layer 55 and a sixth layer 56 may be further provided.
- the fifth layer 55 has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 50 nm or less
- the sixth layer 56 has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 40 nm or less.
- the intermediate layer 5 may include seven or more layers.
- the layer having a refractive index of less than 1.7 hereinafter referred to as “low refractive index layer” even in the seventh layer and thereafter.
- a layer having a refractive index of 1.7 or more hereinafter sometimes referred to as “high refractive index layer” may be alternately arranged.
- the seventh layer preferably has a refractive index of less than 1.7 and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 80 nm or less
- the eighth layer preferably has a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a film thickness of 3 nm or more and 30 nm or less.
- the difference in refractive index between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer is preferably about 0.5 to 1.2, and more preferably 0.8 to 0.9.
- the lower limit value of the refractive index preferable as the low refractive index layer is 1.38
- the upper limit value of the refractive index preferable as the high refractive index layer is 2.70
- the more preferable upper limit value of the high refractive index layer is 2. .40.
- the odd layers having a refractive index of less than 1.7 may not have the same material and the same refractive index. However, if the same material and the same refractive index are used, the material cost, the film forming cost, and the like are suppressed. It is preferable from the viewpoint. Similarly, even layers having a refractive index of 1.7 or more may not have the same refractive index. However, if the same material and the same refractive index are used, the viewpoint of suppressing the material cost, the film forming cost, and the like. To preferred.
- Examples of the material for the layer having a low refractive index include silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, gallium oxide, aluminum oxide, lanthanum oxide, lanthanum fluoride, and magnesium fluoride.
- Examples of the material for the layer having a high refractive index include niobium oxide, silicon niobium oxide, zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon nitride, and titanium oxide.
- the first layer 51 is preferably silicon oxynitride (SiON).
- SiON can satisfy the refractive index of less than 1.7 by appropriately setting the composition ratio of Si, O, and N.
- SiON does not mean that Si: O: N is 1: 1: 1, but simply means a compound containing Si, O, and N, and the refractive index is combined. In the case of showing, it means that the composition ratio can obtain the refractive index.
- the second layer 52 is preferably a niobium oxide (particularly niobium pentoxide Nb 2 O 5 ).
- each layer of the intermediate layer 5 it is preferable to use a vapor phase film forming method such as vacuum deposition, plasma sputtering, electron cyclotron sputtering, ion plating, meta mode sputtering or the like. According to vapor phase film formation, a laminated structure having various refractive indexes and layer thicknesses can be easily formed.
- the intermediate layer 5 having the above configuration can be widely used in order to maintain the antireflection performance in the case where the thin concavo-convex structure layer having a film thickness of less than 270 nm is provided.
- the film thickness may be small even if the spatial frequency peak value of the concavo-convex structure is smaller than 8.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 , and the intermediate layer 5 is applicable also in that case.
- the antireflection film of this invention is applied to any member which has a surface which should prevent reflection of light. It can be formed and used. For example, it may be provided on the surface of an absorber that absorbs more than 90% of incident light to prevent reflection and improve the absorption performance.
- Example 1 A niobium oxide layer (Nb 2 O 5 : refractive index 2.351) as a high refractive index layer on an intermediate layer on a concave lens (curvature radius 17 mm) made of a substrate S-NBH5 (made by OHARA: refractive index 1.659). ), Three layers of silicon oxynitride layers (SiON: refractive index 1.511) are alternately laminated as a low refractive layer, and aluminum having a film thickness of 20 nm is used as a precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer on the silicon oxynitride layer. A thin film was formed. That is, the first to sixth layers were provided as intermediate layers.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film was as shown in Table 1 below.
- Table 1 the refractive index and the film thickness of each layer are design values, the relationship between the refractive index and the sputtering conditions such as the target composition, gas flow rate during sputtering, and the like, and the film thickness and the sputtering time obtained in advance. Therefore, the film was formed by setting the sputtering conditions and the sputtering time for the refractive index and film thickness described in the table. The same applies to Examples 2 to 13 and Comparative Example. All film thicknesses are physical film thicknesses.
- a concavo-convex structure layer having a transparent concavo-convex structure mainly composed of hydrated alumina is prepared by immersing in hot water heated to 100 ° C. for 3 minutes to perform anti-reflective treatment of Example 1.
- An optical member provided with a film was obtained.
- silicon oxynitride and niobium oxide were formed by metamode sputtering, and the aluminum film was formed by RF (radio frequency) sputtering.
- the hot water treatment liquid pure water having an electric resistivity of 12 M ⁇ ⁇ cm was used.
- the electrical resistivity of the hot water treatment solution was measured with an electrical resistivity meter HE-200R (HORIBA) at a water temperature of 25 ° C.
- Wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the optical member is performed by the spectral film thickness meter FE ⁇ . Measured at 3000 (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). The reflectance was measured at an incident angle of 0 °. The same measurement was performed in the following examples and comparative example 4. The measurement results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the antireflection film of this example had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the entire visible light region having a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 2 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is the precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is set.
- An optical member provided with the antireflection film of Example 2 was prepared in the same procedure with a thickness of 15 nm.
- As the intermediate layer a six-layer structure of the first to sixth layers was used in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the odd-numbered layers of the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer are made of silicon oxynitride, and the even-numbered layers of the second layer, the fourth layer, and the sixth layer are made of niobium oxide. Different from one.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 2 below.
- FIG. 3 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 2.
- the antireflection film of Example 2 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the entire visible light region having a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained. .
- Example 3 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is the precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is set.
- An optical member provided with the antireflection film of Example 3 was prepared in the same procedure with a thickness of 10 nm.
- As the intermediate layer a six-layer structure including the first to sixth layers was used in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the odd-numbered layers of the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer are made of silicon oxynitride, and the even-numbered layers of the second layer, the fourth layer, and the sixth layer are made of niobium oxide. Different from 1.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 3 below.
- FIG. 4 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 3.
- the antireflection film of Example 3 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, an optical member provided with the antireflection film of Comparative Example 1 was prepared in the same manner except that the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was changed to 30 nm.
- Comparative Example 2 In the production method of Example 1, an optical member provided with the antireflection film of Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same manner except that the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was 40 nm.
- Comparative Example 3 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, an optical member provided with the antireflection film of Comparative Example 3 was prepared in the same manner except that the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was changed to 50 nm.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a scattered light intensity measurement method.
- LA-150FBU manufactured by Hayashi Watch Industry Co., Ltd.
- the average value obtained by subtracting the background of the pixel value of the 128 ⁇ 128 pixel condensing region was used as the scattered light amount value.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the aluminum thin film during film formation in each example and the amount of scattered light obtained by the above measurement. As shown in FIG. 6, it has been clarified that the amount of scattered light is significantly reduced when the film thickness of the aluminum thin film formed as the precursor is 30 nm. In order to reduce the amount of scattered light, the thickness of the aluminum thin film is preferably less than 30 nm, and more preferably 20 nm or less. It was also confirmed that the amount of scattered light decreases as the thickness of the aluminum thin film is less than 30 nm and is reduced to at least 10 nm.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film (Al film thickness [nm]) formed as a precursor of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer of each antireflection film (structure film thickness [nm] ]) Is shown in FIG.
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer was determined according to the method described above from an electron microscope image at a magnification of 50,000 times taken with a scanning electron microscope S-4100 (Hitachi).
- the numerical values in FIG. 7 are measured values of the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer for each example. As shown in FIG. 7, it is apparent that the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer decreases as the thickness of the aluminum thin film decreases.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was less than 30 nm, it was found that the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer was less than 270 nm.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film is 10 nm, the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 140 nm, and when the film thickness of the aluminum thin film is 15 nm, the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 200 nm.
- the thickness of the aluminum thin film is 20 nm, the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 230 nm.
- the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer after the hot water treatment under the same hot water treatment conditions can be estimated according to the graph of FIG. .
- the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer includes an error of about ⁇ 10 nm.
- FIG. 8 shows an electron microscope image obtained by photographing the surface of the concavo-convex structure layer in the antireflection film produced in Example 2.
- the concavo-convex structure made of alumina hydrate is observed as a structure in which a large number of ridge lines formed by joining thin petal structures from the upper surface are randomly formed in all directions. Similar structures were observed in Examples 1 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- Electron microscope images were taken for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, spatial frequency spectra were obtained, and the spatial frequency value taking the maximum intensity was obtained as the spatial frequency peak value.
- a microscope image magnification 30,000 times, acceleration voltage 7.0 kV
- S-4100 scanning electron microscope S-4100 (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) is cut out to 600 ⁇ 400 pixels, and two-dimensionally using image processing software Igor. Fourier transform was applied.
- the obtained two-dimensional spatial frequency squared intensity spectrum was integrated in the azimuth direction, and the relationship between the one-dimensional spatial frequency and the spectral intensity was calculated by obtaining the spectrum intensity corresponding to the magnitude of the spatial frequency.
- the spatial frequency value taking the maximum intensity by fitting the vicinity of the vertex with the Lorentz function was obtained as the spatial frequency peak value.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the film thickness of the aluminum thin film during film formation in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the spatial frequency peak value of the concavo-convex structure obtained after the hot water treatment.
- a relatively high spatial frequency peak value of 8.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 was obtained, but the effect of suppressing the amount of scattered light It was found that Examples 1 to 3 having a high value showed values larger than 8.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 .
- the spatial frequency peak value is more preferably 9.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 or more.
- the base material was a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (Ohara, refractive index 1.840), silicon oxynitride (refractive index 1.511), niobium oxide
- Six layers of (refractive index 2.351) were laminated in order to prepare an optical member provided with the antireflection film of Comparative Example 4.
- the layer structure formed on the substrate is as shown in Table 4 below, and the antireflection film of Comparative Example 4 is a structure that does not include the concavo-convex structure layer.
- FIG. 10 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Comparative Example 4. As shown in FIG. 10, in the antireflection film of Comparative Example 4, there was no region having a reflectance of 0.2% or less in the visible light region, and good reflection characteristics were not obtained.
- Example 4 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the base material was a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of FDS90 (HOYA, refractive index: 1.857), the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was 20 nm, and the reflection of Example 4 was performed in the same procedure. An optical member provided with a prevention film was produced.
- the intermediate layer has a four-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd layer of the first layer and the third layer, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even layer of the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 5 below.
- FIG. 11 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectivity in Example 4.
- the antireflection film of Example 4 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 5 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of FDS90 (HOYA, refractive index: 1.857), the thickness of the aluminum thin film is 20 nm, and the reflection of Example 5 is performed in the same procedure. An optical member provided with a prevention film was produced.
- the intermediate layer was formed by stacking the odd layers of the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer as silicon oxynitride, and the even layers of the second layer and the fourth layer as titanium oxide (TiO 2 : refractive index 2.659). A five-layer structure was adopted.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 6 below.
- FIG. 12 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 5.
- the antireflection film of Example 5 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 6 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-TIH6 (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.814), the film thickness of the aluminum thin film is 15 nm, and the same procedure is used. An optical member provided with the antireflection film No. 6 was produced.
- the intermediate layer is a seven-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd-numbered layer of the first, third, fifth, and seventh layers, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even-numbered layer of the second, fourth, and sixth layers. The structure.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 7 below.
- FIG. 13 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectivity in Example 6.
- the antireflection film of Example 6 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 7 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH58 (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.889), the thickness of the aluminum thin film is 15 nm, and the same procedure is used. An optical member having an antireflection film 7 was prepared.
- the intermediate layer is silicon oxynitride as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer and the seventh layer, and niobium oxide as an even layer of the second layer, the fourth layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer.
- a laminated 8-layer structure was adopted. The layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 8 below.
- FIG. 14 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 7.
- the antireflection film of Example 7 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 8 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH79 (Ohara, Inc., refractive index: 2.013), and the thickness of the aluminum thin film is 10 nm. An optical member having 8 antireflection films was produced.
- the intermediate layer is silicon oxynitride as the odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer, the seventh layer and the ninth layer, and the even layer of the second layer, the fourth layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer A nine-layer structure in which niobium oxides are stacked is formed.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 9 below.
- FIG. 15 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 8.
- the antireflection film of Example 8 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 9 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-YGH51 (manufactured by OHARA, refractive index: 1.759) was used, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film was set to 10 nm. An optical member provided with an antireflection film was produced.
- the intermediate layers are silicon oxynitride, second layer, fourth layer, sixth layer, eighth layer and tenth layer as odd layers of the first layer, third layer, fifth layer, seventh layer and ninth layer.
- a 10-layer structure in which niobium oxide is laminated is used as shown in Table 10 below.
- FIG. 16 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 9.
- the antireflection film of Example 9 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 10 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), the aluminum thin film has a thickness of 10 nm, and the same procedure is used. An optical member provided with 10 antireflection films was produced.
- the intermediate layer has a four-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd layer of the first layer and the third layer, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even layer of the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 11 below.
- FIG. 17 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 10.
- the antireflection film of Example 10 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 450 to 650 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 11 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), the aluminum thin film has a thickness of 10 nm, and the same procedure is used. An optical member provided with 11 antireflection films was produced.
- the intermediate layer has a five-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even layer of the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 12 below.
- FIG. 18 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 11.
- the antireflection film of Example 11 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less in the visible light region having a wavelength of 450 to 650 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 12 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film is 15 nm. An optical member provided with 12 antireflection films was produced.
- the intermediate layer has a four-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd layer of the first layer and the third layer, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even layer of the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 13 below.
- FIG. 19 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 12.
- the antireflection film of Example 12 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 13 In the manufacturing method of Example 1, the substrate is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of S-LAH55V (made by OHARA, refractive index: 1.840), and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film is 15 nm. An optical member provided with 13 antireflection films was produced.
- the intermediate layer has a five-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even layer of the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film is as shown in Table 14 below.
- FIG. 20 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 13.
- the antireflection film of Example 13 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 430 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the film thickness of at least the second and fourth high refractive index layers is 5 nm.
- a structure having a thickness of 50 nm to 80 nm as the low refractive index layer of the first layer or the third layer is preferable, which is very thin as ⁇ 15 nm. These were able to obtain approximately 350 nm or more as a wavelength bandwidth having a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the first layer or the third layer is provided with a low refractive index layer having a film thickness exceeding 70 nm as in Example 1 or 2, the reflectance is 0.1% or less.
- 400 nm could be obtained.
- the layer structure is 6 layers or more, there is a tendency that a reflectance of 0.1% or less is easily achieved with a wide wavelength bandwidth.
- the thickness of the layer closest to the substrate is preferably within a relatively thin range of 20 nm or less.
- the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 15 below, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is a precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is 16 nm.
- the intermediate layer is silicon oxynitride as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer and the seventh layer, and niobium oxide as an even layer of the second layer, the fourth layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer.
- a laminated 8-layer structure was adopted.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 15 below.
- FIGS. 21 to 25 show the wavelength dependence of the reflectance obtained in Examples 14 to 18 using the thin film calculation software “Essential Macleod (Sigma Kogyo Co., Ltd.)”.
- the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 16 nm aluminum film was formed after forming a 16 nm aluminum thin film on the Si substrate.
- Refraction in the depth direction shown in FIG. 51 derived by actually performing spectroscopic ellipsometry measurement and reflectance measurement on the concavo-convex structure layer formed of the aluminum hydroxide layer formed when the hot water treatment similar to 1 was performed A rate distribution was used.
- FIG. 51 shows the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 16 nm aluminum film after forming a 16 nm aluminum thin film on the Si substrate.
- the position with a thickness of 200 nm corresponds to the interface position between the concavo-convex structure layer and the intermediate layer.
- the refractive index is almost 1 near the apex (outermost surface) of the fine concavo-convex structure because the volume with respect to the wavelength of light is extremely small.
- the distance from the intermediate layer interface to the position where the refractive index is 1 in the refractive index distribution derived by performing spectroscopic ellipsometry measurement and reflectance measurement is smaller than the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure obtained from the SEM image. The same applies to the refractive index distributions shown in FIGS.
- Example 14 is manufactured by S-NBH5 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.659), Example 15 is manufactured by S-LAH66 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.777), and Example 16 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812), Example 17 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889), Example 18 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013) Each product is assumed.
- FIG. 21 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 14.
- the antireflection film of Example 14 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 840 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 15 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 15 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 22, the antireflection film of Example 15 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 370 to 830 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 16 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 16 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 23, the antireflection film of Example 16 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 370 to 830 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 17 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 17 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 24, the antireflection film of Example 17 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the visible light region with a wavelength of 380 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 18 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 18 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 25, the antireflection film of Example 18 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- all of the antireflection films of Examples 14-18 having an eight-layer structure have a very wide wavelength bandwidth of 400 nm or more with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film as the precursor is 16 nm
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is 210 nm with reference to FIG.
- the intermediate layer has a first layer of 50 to 56 nm, a second layer of 15 to 17 nm, a third layer of 21 nm, a fourth layer of 120 to 135 nm, and a fifth layer of 11
- the sixth layer from 26 to 37 nm
- the seventh layer from 17 to 38 nm
- the eighth layer from 10 to 16 nm
- very favorable antireflection performance could be obtained.
- the wavelength bandwidth with a reflectance of 0.1% or less was 440 nm or more, which was optimal.
- the base material was a concave lens (curvature radius 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 16 below, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is a precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer was 20 nm.
- the intermediate layer is silicon oxynitride as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer and the seventh layer, and niobium oxide as an even layer of the second layer, the fourth layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer.
- a laminated 8-layer structure was adopted.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 16 below.
- the wavelength dependence of the reflectance obtained in the same manner as in Examples 14 to 18 is shown in FIGS.
- the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 20 nm aluminum film was formed after forming a 20 nm aluminum thin film on the Si substrate. 52 for the concavo-convex structure layer formed of the aluminum hydroxide layer formed when the hot water treatment similar to that of No. 1 was performed, and the refractive index distribution shown in FIG. Was used. 52, as in FIG.
- Example 19 is made of S-NBH5 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.659)
- Example 20 is made of S-LAH66 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.777)
- Example 21 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812)
- Example 22 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889)
- Example 23 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013) Each product is assumed.
- Example 19 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 19 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 26, the antireflection film of Example 19 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of more than 390 to 850 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 27 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 20.
- the antireflection film of Example 20 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 840 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 28 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 21.
- the antireflection film of Example 21 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 840 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 29 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 22.
- the antireflection film of Example 22 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the visible light region with a wavelength of 390 to 820 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 30 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 23.
- the antireflection film of this example had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 810 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film as a precursor is 20 nm
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is 230 nm with reference to FIG.
- the intermediate layer has a first layer of 42 to 46 nm, a second layer of 15 to 16 nm, a third layer of 23 to 24 nm, a fourth layer of 123 to 129 nm, and a fifth layer.
- the thickness By setting the thickness to 12 to 20 nm, the sixth layer to 24 to 36 nm, the seventh layer to 18 to 37 nm, and the eighth layer to 8 to 16 nm, very favorable antireflection performance can be obtained. It was. In particular, when an antireflection film was provided on a substrate having a refractive index of 1.65 to 1.82, the wavelength bandwidth with a reflectance of 0.1% or less was 450 nm or more, which was optimal.
- the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 17 below, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is a precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is 10 nm.
- the intermediate layer is silicon oxynitride as an odd layer of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer and the seventh layer, and niobium oxide as an even layer of the second layer, the fourth layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer.
- a laminated 8-layer structure was adopted.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 17 below.
- the wavelength dependence of the reflectance obtained in the same manner as Examples 14 to 18 is shown in FIGS.
- the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 10 nm aluminum film was formed after forming a 10 nm aluminum thin film on the Si substrate.
- 53 was actually subjected to spectroscopic ellipsometry measurement and reflectance measurement on the concavo-convex structure layer formed of the aluminum hydroxide layer formed when the hot water treatment similar to that of No. 1 was performed, and the refractive index distribution shown in FIG. Was used. 53, as in FIG.
- Example 24 is made of S-NBH5 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.659), Example 25 is made of S-LAH66 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.777), and Example 26 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812), Example 27 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889), Example 28 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013) Each product is assumed.
- Example 24 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 24 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 31, the antireflection film of Example 24 had a reflectivity of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 32 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 25.
- the antireflection film of Example 25 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 740 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 33 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 26.
- the antireflection film of Example 26 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 740 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 34 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 27.
- the antireflection film of Example 27 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 740 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 28 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 28 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 35, the antireflection film of Example 28 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 730 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the antireflection films of Examples 24 to 28 having an eight-layer structure all had a wavelength bandwidth of 340 nm or more with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the film thickness of the precursor aluminum thin film is 10 nm
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 140 nm with reference to FIG.
- the first layer is 54-56 nm
- the second layer is 20 nm
- the third layer is 14-15 nm
- the fourth layer is 84-92 nm
- the fifth layer is 7 nm.
- the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is preferably 200 nm or more.
- the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 18 below, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film that is the precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is 10 nm.
- the intermediate layer has a six-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd-numbered layer of the first, third, and fifth layers, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even-numbered layer of the second, fourth, and sixth layers.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 18 below.
- Examples 29 to 33 the wavelength dependence of the reflectance obtained in the same manner as Examples 14 to 18 is shown in FIGS.
- the refractive index distribution shown in FIG. 53 was used for the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing warm water treatment after forming a 10 nm aluminum film. .
- Example 29 is made of S-NBH5 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.659)
- Example 30 is made of S-LAH66 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.777)
- Example 31 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812)
- Example 32 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889)
- Example 33 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013)
- S-NBH5 Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.659
- Example 30 is made of S-LAH66 (Ohara Corporation, refractive index 1.777)
- Example 31 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812)
- Example 32 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889)
- Example 33 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013)
- Example 29 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 29 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 36, the antireflection film of Example 29 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the visible light region of wavelength 410 to 720 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 37 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 30.
- the antireflection film of Example 30 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 720 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 38 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance in Example 31.
- the antireflection film of Example 31 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 720 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 39 shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 32.
- the antireflection film of Example 32 has a reflectivity of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 720 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 40 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 33.
- the antireflection film of Example 33 has a reflectivity of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 720 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the antireflection films of Examples 29 to 33 having a 6-layer structure all obtained a wavelength bandwidth of 310 nm or more with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the film thickness of the precursor aluminum thin film is 10 nm
- the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 140 nm with reference to FIG.
- the intermediate layer has a first layer of 39 to 50 nm, a second layer of 10 to 16 nm, a third layer of 16 to 17 nm, a fourth layer of 106 to 108 nm, and a fifth layer.
- the film thickness is in the range of 11 to 24 nm and the sixth layer is in the range of 15 to 19 nm, preferable antireflection performance can be obtained.
- the base material was a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 19 below, and the film thickness of the aluminum thin film as the precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer was 16 nm.
- the intermediate layer has a six-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd-numbered layer of the first, third, and fifth layers, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even-numbered layer of the second, fourth, and sixth layers.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 19 below.
- the refractive index distribution shown in FIG. 51 is used for the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 16 nm aluminum film. It was.
- Example 34 is made of S-NBH5 (OHARA, refractive index 1.659), Example 35 is made of S-LAH66 (OHARA, refractive index 1.777), and Example 36 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812), Example 37 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889), Example 38 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013) Each product is assumed.
- Example 34 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 34 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 41, the antireflection film of Example 34 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 42 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 35.
- the antireflection film of Example 35 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 410 to 770 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 36 The wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Example 36 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 43, the antireflection film of Example 36 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 770 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 44 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 37.
- the antireflection film of Example 37 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 780 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 45 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance in Example 38.
- the antireflection film of Example 38 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 380 to 770 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the antireflection films of Examples 34 to 38 having a six-layer structure all have a wide wavelength bandwidth of 340 nm or more with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the film thickness of the aluminum thin film as a precursor is 16 nm (the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is about 210 nm with reference to FIG. 7).
- the intermediate layer has a first layer of 30 to 50 nm, a second layer of 10 to 15 nm, a third layer of 22 to 26 nm, a fourth layer of 114 to 123 nm, and a fifth layer.
- the film thickness is in the range of 12 to 23 nm and the sixth layer is in the range of 16 to 19 nm, a very favorable antireflection performance can be obtained.
- an antireflection film was provided on a substrate having a refractive index of 1.75 to 2.02, a wavelength bandwidth of 360 nm or more was obtained with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the base material is a concave lens (curvature radius: 17 mm) made of a material having a refractive index shown in Table 20 below, and the thickness of the aluminum thin film that is a precursor of the concavo-convex structure layer is 20 nm.
- the intermediate layer has a six-layer structure in which silicon oxynitride is stacked as an odd-numbered layer of the first, third, and fifth layers, and niobium oxide is stacked as an even-numbered layer of the second, fourth, and sixth layers.
- the layer structure from the base material to the aluminum thin film in each example is as shown in Table 20 below.
- FIG. 46 to FIG. 50 show the wavelength dependence of the reflectance obtained in the same manner as in Examples 14 to 18 for Examples 39 to 43.
- the refractive index distribution shown in FIG. 52 is used for the refractive index of the boehmite layer obtained by performing hot water treatment after forming a 20 nm aluminum film in the same manner as in Examples 19-23. It was.
- Example 39 is made of S-NBH5 (OHARA, refractive index 1.659), Example 40 is made of S-LAH66 (OHARA, refractive index 1.777), and Example 41 is S -LAH53 (OHARA, refractive index 1.812), Example 42 is S-LAH58 (OHARA, refractive index 1.889), Example 43 is S-LAH79 (OHARA, refractive index 2.013) Each product is assumed.
- FIG. 46 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 39.
- the antireflection film of Example 39 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 750 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 47 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 40.
- the antireflection film of Example 40 has a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the visible light region with a wavelength of 390 to 760 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- Example 48 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 41. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 48, the antireflection film of Example 41 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 390 to 770 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 49 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance in Example 42.
- the antireflection film of Example 42 had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including the visible light region with a wavelength of 390 to 780 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- FIG. 50 shows the wavelength dependency of the reflectance of Example 43.
- the antireflection film of this example had a reflectance of 0.1% or less over a wide range including a visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 780 nm, and good antireflection characteristics were obtained.
- the antireflection films of Examples 39 to 43 having a six-layer structure have a wide wavelength bandwidth of 360 nm or more with a reflectance of 0.1% or less.
- the thickness of the aluminum thin film as a precursor is 20 nm
- the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is 230 nm with reference to FIG.
- the intermediate layer has a first layer of 23 to 41 nm, a second layer of 12 to 15 nm, a third layer of 23 to 28 nm, a fourth layer of 118 to 124 nm, and a fifth layer.
- the film thickness is in the range of 12 to 23 nm and the sixth layer is in the range of 16 to 19 nm, preferable antireflection performance can be obtained.
- the bandwidth capable of preventing reflection was wider than when the film thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer was 140 nm. . That is, from the viewpoint of preventing reflection, the thickness of the concavo-convex structure layer is preferably 200 nm or more.
- the optical member of any Example uses the aluminum thin film of thickness less than 30 nm as a precursor of an uneven
Abstract
Description
反射防止すべき光の波長よりも小さい凸部間距離の凹凸構造を有する、アルミナの水和物を主成分とする凹凸構造体層と、凹凸構造体層と基材との間に配される中間層とからなり、
凹凸構造体層は、凹凸構造の空間周波数ピーク値が8.5μm-1以上であり、膜厚が270nm未満であり、
中間層が、凹凸構造体層側から基材側へ、少なくとも第1層、第2層、第3層および第4層をこの順に含む複数層からなり、
第1層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が3nm以上80nm以下であり、
第2層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上30nm以下であり、
第3層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が10nm以上80nm以下であり、
第4層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上160nm以下である反射防止膜である。
反射防止すべき光の波長よりも小さい凸部間距離の凹凸構造を有する、アルミナの水和物を主成分とする凹凸構造体層と、凹凸構造体層と基材との間に配される中間層とからなり、
凹凸構造体層は、アルミニウム膜を温水処理して得られたものであって、膜厚が270nm未満であり、
中間層が、凹凸構造体層側から基材側へ、少なくとも第1層、第2層、第3層および第4層をこの順に含む複数層からなり、
第1層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が3nm以上80nm以下であり、
第2層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上30nm以下であり、
第3層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が10nm以上80nm以下であり、
第4層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上160nm以下である反射防止膜である。
基材の表面に中間層を成膜し、
中間層の最表面に10nm以上30nm未満の膜厚のアルミニウム膜を成膜し、
アルミニウム膜を温水処理することにより、凹凸構造体層として膜厚が270nm未満である凹凸構造体層を形成する反射防止膜の製造方法である。
中間層は積層面に沿った面内方向(図1Bの画像中左右方向)に構造を持たず、凹凸構造体層は面内方向に構造を持つので、試料の断面電子顕微鏡画像のうち面内方向に構造を持つ領域と持たない領域の境界を中間層と凹凸構造体層との界面として定義する。次に、中間層と凹凸構造体層との界面を表す直線Liと平行な直線のうち、凹凸構造体層が存在する領域を通り、かつ、直線Liと最も距離が大きくなるような直線を凹凸構造体層の凸部先端を通る直線Lhと定義する。このときの2つの平行な直線LiとLhの間の距離dを凹凸構造体層の膜厚と定義する。凹凸構造体層の膜厚の測定に用いる電子顕微鏡像としては、撮像範囲は少なくとも面内方向に1μm以上の領域にわたり撮像されていることを要する。
高屈折率を有する層の材料としては、ニオブ酸化物、シリコンニオブ酸化物、ジルコニウム酸化物、タンタル酸化物、シリコン窒化物、チタン酸化物などが挙げられる。
また、第2層52は、ニオブ酸化物(特には、五酸化ニオブNb2O5)であることが望ましい。
基材S-NBH5(オハラ社製:屈折率1.659)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)上に、中間層の高屈折率層としてニオブ酸化物層(Nb2O5:屈折率2.351)、低屈折層としてシリコン酸窒化物層(SiON:屈折率1.511)を交互に3層ずつ積層し、シリコン酸窒化物層の上に凹凸構造体層の前駆体として膜厚20nmのアルミニウム薄膜を形成した。すなわち、中間層として第1層から第6層を備えた。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表1に示す通りとした。なお、表1において、各層の屈折率および膜厚は、設計値であり、予め取得した、ターゲット組成、スパッタ時のガス流量などのスパッタ条件と屈折率との関係、および成膜厚みとスパッタ時間との関係から、表に記載の屈折率および膜厚となるスパッタ条件およびスパッタ時間を設定して成膜したものである。実施例2~13および比較例においても同様とする。なお、膜厚は全て物理膜厚である。
ここで、シリコン酸窒化物およびニオブ酸化物はメタモードスパッタにより、アルミニウム膜はRF(radio frequency)スパッタリングにより成膜した。温水処理液としては、電気抵抗率12MΩ・cmの純水を用いた。温水処理液の電気抵抗率は水温25℃時に、電気抵抗率計HE-200R(HORIBA)にて測定した。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を15nmとし、同様の手順で実施例2の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層として実施例1と同様に第1層から第6層の6層構造とした。第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層をシリコン酸窒化物とし、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層をニオブ酸化物としたが、それぞれの膜厚は実施例1のものと異なる。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表2に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、同様の手順で実施例3の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層として実施例1と同様に第1層から第6層を備えた6層構造とした。第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層をシリコン酸窒化物とし、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層をニオブ酸化物としたが、それぞれの膜厚は実施例1とは異なる。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表3に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を30nmとした以外は、同様として比較例1の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。
実施例1の製造方法において、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を40nmとした以外は、同様として比較例2の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。
実施例1の製造方法において、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を50nmとした以外は、同様として比較例3の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。
図5に示すように、ハロゲン光源(LA-150FBU:林時計工業社製)11から射出された光をコア径600μmの光ファイバー12で導光した後、レンズ(焦点距離f=50mm)13でコリメートし、レンズ(焦点距離f=200mm)14により試料Sで示す各例の光学部材の凹凸構造体層の表面に対し、入射角45°で集光する。焦点距離f=8mm、F値1.4のカメラレンズを装着したCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)カメラ(ARTCAM-900MI:アートレイ社製)15でグローバルゲイン64、シャッタースピード値2400として試料表面を撮影した。128×128ピクセルの集光領域のピクセル値のバックグラウンドを差し引いた平均値を散乱光量値とした。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、シリコン酸窒化物(屈折率1.511)、ニオブ酸化物(屈折率2.351)を順に6層積層して比較例4の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。基材上に形成した層構成は下記表4に示す通りであり、本比較例4の反射防止膜は、凹凸構造体層を備えていない構成である。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をFDS90(HOYA社、屈折率1.857)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を20nmとし、同様の手順で実施例4の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層および第3層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した4層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表5に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をFDS90(HOYA社、屈折率1.857)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を20nmとし、同様の手順で実施例5の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層をシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層をチタン酸化物(TiO2:屈折率2.659)として積層した5層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表6に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-TIH6(オハラ社製、屈折率1.814)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を15nmとし、同様の手順で実施例6の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層および第7層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した7層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表7に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH58(オハラ社製、屈折率1.889)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を15nmとし、同様の手順で実施例7の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層および第7層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層および第8層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した8層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表8に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH79(オハラ社製、屈折率2.013)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、同様の手順で実施例8の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層、第7層および第9層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層および第8層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した9層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表9に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、S-YGH51(オハラ社製、屈折率1.759)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)を用い、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、同様の手順で実施例9の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層、第7層および第9層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層、第8層および第10層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した10層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表10に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、同様の手順で実施例10の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層および第3層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した4層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表11に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、同様の手順で実施例11の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した5層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表12に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を15nmとし、同様の手順で実施例12の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、および第3層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した4層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表13に示す通りである。
実施例1の製造方法において、基材をS-LAH55V(オハラ社製、屈折率1.840)製の凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、アルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を15nmとし、同様の手順で実施例13の反射防止膜を備えた光学部材を作製した。中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層および第4層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した5層構造とした。基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表14に示す通りである。
実施例14~18は、基材をそれぞれ下記表15に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を16nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層および第7層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層および第8層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した8層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表15に示す通りである。
実施例19~23は、基材をそれぞれ下記表16に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を20nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層および第7層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層および第8層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した8層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表16に示す通りである。
実施例24~28は、基材をそれぞれ下記表17に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層、第5層および第7層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層、第6層および第8層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した8層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表17に示す通りである。
実施例29~33は、基材をそれぞれ下記表18に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を10nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した6層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表18に示す通りである。
実施例34~38は、基材をそれぞれ下記表19に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を16nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した6層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表19に示す通りである。
実施例39~43は、基材をそれぞれ下記表20に記載の屈折率を有する材料からなる凹レンズ(曲率半径17mm)とし、凹凸構造体層の前駆体であるアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚を20nmとし、中間層は第1層、第3層および第5層の奇数層としてシリコン酸窒化物、第2層、第4層および第6層の偶数層としてニオブ酸化物を積層した6層構造とした。各実施例における基材からアルミニウム薄膜までの層構成は下記表20に示す通りである。
2 基材
3 反射防止膜
5 中間層
10 凹凸構造体層
51 第1層
52 第2層
53 第3層
54 第4層
55 第5層
56 第6層
Claims (13)
- 基材の表面に設けられる反射防止膜であって、
反射防止すべき光の波長よりも小さい凸部間距離の凹凸構造を有する、アルミナの水和物を主成分とする凹凸構造体層と、該凹凸構造体層と前記基材との間に配される中間層とからなり、
前記凹凸構造体層は、前記凹凸構造の空間周波数ピーク値が8.5μm-1以上であり、膜厚が270nm未満であり、
前記中間層が、前記凹凸構造体層側から前記基材側へ、少なくとも第1層、第2層、第3層および第4層をこの順に含む複数層からなり、
前記第1層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が3nm以上80nm以下であり、
前記第2層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上30nm以下であり、
前記第3層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が10nm以上80nm以下であり、
前記第4層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上160nm以下である反射防止膜。 - 基材の表面に設けられる反射防止膜であって、
反射防止すべき光の波長よりも小さい凸部間距離の凹凸構造を有する、アルミナの水和物を主成分とする凹凸構造体層と、該凹凸構造体層と前記基材との間に配される中間層とからなり、
前記凹凸構造体層は、アルミニウム膜を温水処理して得られたものであって、膜厚が270nm未満であり、
前記中間層が、前記凹凸構造体層側から前記基材側へ、少なくとも第1層、第2層、第3層および第4層をこの順に含む複数層からなり、
前記第1層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が3nm以上80nm以下であり、
前記第2層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上30nm以下であり、
前記第3層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が10nm以上80nm以下であり、
前記第4層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚が3nm以上160nm以下である反射防止膜。 - 前記中間層において、前記第4層の前記基材側に、さらに第5層を備え、
該第5層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚が3nm以上50nm以下である請求項1または2記載の反射防止膜。 - 前記中間層において、前記第5層の前記基材側に、さらに第6層を備え、
該第6層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚3nm以上40nm以下である請求項3記載の反射防止膜。 - 前記中間層において、前記第6層の前記基材側に、さらに第7層を備え、
該第7層は、屈折率が1.7未満、膜厚3nm以上80nm以下である請求項4記載の反射防止膜。 - 前記中間層において、前記第7層の前記基材側に、さらに第8層を備え、
該第8層は、屈折率が1.7以上、膜厚3nm以上30nm以下である請求項5記載の反射防止膜。 - 前記第1層が、シリコン酸窒化物からなる請求項1から6いずれか1項記載の反射防止膜。
- 前記第2層が、ニオブ酸化物からなる請求項1から7いずれか1項記載の反射防止膜。
- 前記中間層を構成する前記複数層のうち奇数層は同一の材料で形成されている請求項1から8いずれか1項記載の反射防止膜。
- 前記中間層を構成する前記複数層のうち偶数層は同一の材料で形成されている請求項1から9いずれか1項記載の反射防止膜。
- 請求項1から10いずれか1項に記載の反射防止膜と、該反射防止膜が表面に形成されてなる透明基材とを備えてなる光学部材。
- 前記透明基材の屈折率が1.65以上2.10以下である請求項11記載の光学部材。
- 基材の表面に設けられる反射防止膜であって、反射防止すべき光の波長よりも小さい凸部間距離の凹凸構造を有する、アルミナの水和物を主成分とする凹凸構造体層と、該凹凸構造体層と前記基材との間に配される中間層とからなる反射防止膜の製造方法であって、
前記基材の表面に前記中間層を成膜し、
該中間層の最表面に10nm以上30nm未満の膜厚のアルミニウム膜を成膜し、
該アルミニウム膜を温水処理することにより、前記凹凸構造体層として膜厚が270nm未満である凹凸構造体層を形成する反射防止膜の製造方法。
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WO2014061236A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-24 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 反射防止膜を備えた光学部材およびその製造方法 |
JP2015004919A (ja) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-01-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | 反射防止膜及びそれを有する光学素子 |
JP2015094878A (ja) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | 反射防止膜、光学素子、光学系および光学機器 |
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US20170343705A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
DE112016000959T5 (de) | 2017-11-09 |
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