WO2016132580A1 - Dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge, corps mobile, et procédé de détermination de quantité d'attribution de puissance électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge, corps mobile, et procédé de détermination de quantité d'attribution de puissance électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016132580A1
WO2016132580A1 PCT/JP2015/076298 JP2015076298W WO2016132580A1 WO 2016132580 A1 WO2016132580 A1 WO 2016132580A1 JP 2015076298 W JP2015076298 W JP 2015076298W WO 2016132580 A1 WO2016132580 A1 WO 2016132580A1
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Prior art keywords
storage device
power storage
power
rate
charging
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PCT/JP2015/076298
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一幸 若杉
克明 森田
祐紀 古川
伸郎 吉岡
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
住友重機械搬送システム株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社, 住友重機械搬送システム株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to CN201580078063.1A priority Critical patent/CN107592953B/zh
Publication of WO2016132580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016132580A1/fr
Priority to HK18103420.4A priority patent/HK1244109A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charge / discharge control device, a moving body, and a method for determining the amount of power sharing.
  • Batteries are relatively easy to increase in capacity and have excessive specifications for capacity, but output characteristics are not so high, and output performance is often a bottleneck in terms of design.
  • a lithium ion capacitor or an EDLC Electro Double-Layer Capacitor
  • it is relatively easy to increase the output and the output becomes excessive specifications, but conversely, the capacity performance often becomes a bottleneck. Therefore, if a high-capacity device such as a battery and a high-power device such as a capacitor can be used in combination, an optimal system can be configured even for the above-mentioned required specifications, reducing costs and accelerating investment recovery. Can be expected.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a power sharing method in which when a maximum output is requested from a load, the output from a high-capacity device is set to the maximum, and the shortage is compensated by the output from the high-power device. .
  • Patent Document 1 can maximize the characteristics of the device because the high-power device cannot be shared even when there is a margin in the charging rate of the high-power device that is resistant to repeated charging and discharging. Therefore, there is a problem that the system cannot be optimized.
  • the present invention provides a charge / discharge control device, a moving body, and a power sharing amount determination method capable of solving the above-described problems.
  • the charge / discharge control device is characterized in that the first power storage device that can be charged / discharged with respect to the load and the first power storage device that can be charged / discharged with the load.
  • a charge / discharge control device of a charge / discharge system comprising different second power storage devices, wherein a charge rate acquisition unit that acquires a charge rate of the second power storage device and the first charge rate based on the charge rate
  • a share rate setting unit for calculating a share rate of power based on a charge rate for the power storage device, and a command for generating a command value for power in charge / discharge of the first power storage device based on the share rate based on the charge rate A value generation unit.
  • the sharing rate setting unit is based on a difference between a predetermined target value of the charging rate of the second power storage device and the acquired charging rate of the second power storage device. A sharing rate based on the charging rate is calculated.
  • the charging rate acquisition unit acquires the charging rate of the first power storage device, and the sharing rate setting unit sets a predetermined charging rate of the first power storage device. Based on the difference between the target value of the first power storage device and the acquired charge rate of the first power storage device, and the difference between the target value of the charge rate of the second power storage device determined in advance and the charge rate of the acquired second power storage device. A sharing rate based on the charging rate is calculated.
  • the share rate setting unit calculates the difference between the previously stored target value of the charge rate of the first power storage device and the acquired charge rate of the first power storage device as the SOC. LIBDIF, and the difference between the predetermined charge rate of the second power storage device and the obtained charge rate of the second power storage device is SOC LICDIF, and a 0 and a 1 and a 2 and a 3 are When the constant is set, the sharing rate based on the charging rate is calculated by the following formula.
  • the charge / discharge control device further includes a temperature acquisition unit that acquires the temperatures of the first power storage device and the second power storage device
  • the sharing rate setting unit includes: The difference between the acquired temperature of the first power storage device and the predetermined target value of the temperature of the first power storage device and the temperature of the acquired second power storage device and the second predetermined value Based on the difference from the target value of the temperature of the power storage device, a power sharing rate based on the temperature for the first power storage device is calculated, and the command value generation unit is configured to calculate the power sharing rate based on the charging rate and the temperature.
  • the command value for the first power storage device is calculated on the basis of the weighted average of the power sharing rate based on.
  • the charge / discharge control device further includes a deterioration degree calculation unit that calculates the deterioration degree of the first power storage device and the second power storage device, and the sharing rate setting And a predetermined difference between the calculated degree of deterioration of the first power storage device and a predetermined target value of the degree of deterioration of the first power storage device, and the degree of deterioration of the acquired second power storage device.
  • the command value for the first power storage device is calculated based on a weighted average of the power sharing rate and the power sharing rate based on the degree of deterioration.
  • the charge / discharge control device includes a temperature acquisition unit that acquires temperatures of the first power storage device and the second power storage device, the first power storage device, and the first power storage device.
  • a deterioration degree calculating unit that calculates a deterioration degree of the second power storage device, wherein the sharing rate setting unit is configured to obtain the temperature of the acquired first power storage device and the predetermined temperature of the first power storage device.
  • the sharing rate setting unit is configured to obtain the temperature of the acquired first power storage device and the predetermined temperature of the first power storage device.
  • the difference between the share rate, the calculated deterioration degree of the first power storage device and the predetermined target value of the deterioration degree of the first power storage device, and the acquired deterioration degree of the second power storage device are determined in advance.
  • the first based on a difference from a target value of the degree of deterioration of the second power storage device
  • a power sharing rate based on the degree of deterioration of the power storage device is calculated, and the command value generation unit is configured to determine the power sharing rate based on the charging rate, the power sharing rate based on the temperature, and the power sharing rate based on the deterioration level.
  • the command value for the first power storage device is calculated based on the weighted average.
  • the characteristic of the first power storage device is higher than that of the first power storage device, and the characteristic of the second power storage device is The output is higher than that of the first power storage device.
  • the second power storage device has higher charge / discharge performance than the first power storage device.
  • a mobile body includes the charge / discharge control device according to any one of the above.
  • a method for determining the amount of electric power sharing includes a first power storage device that can be charged / discharged with a load, and the first power storage device that can be charged / discharged with a load.
  • a charging / discharging system comprising a second power storage device having different characteristics
  • the charge rate of the second power storage device is acquired, and based on the charge rate, power sharing based on the charge rate for the first power storage device A rate is calculated, and a command value of power in charging / discharging the first power storage device is generated based on a sharing rate based on the charging rate.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the charging / discharging control apparatus in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the parameter used for the process of the charging / discharging control apparatus in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the processing flow of the charging / discharging control apparatus in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a 1st figure explaining the conventional electric power sharing control in the charging / discharging system which used a high capacity
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the charge / discharge system in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charge / discharge system 1 includes a charging facility 110 and a moving body 170.
  • the moving body 170 includes a charge / discharge control device 100, a DC / DC converter 120, a lithium ion battery 130, a lithium ion capacitor 140, a load 150, and a DC bus 160.
  • Charging facility 110, DC / DC converter 120, lithium ion capacitor 140, and load 150 are each connected to DC bus 160.
  • the DC / DC converter 120 is also connected to the lithium ion battery 130.
  • the lithium ion battery 130 is referred to as a Li battery 130
  • the lithium ion capacitor 140 is referred to as a Li capacitor 140.
  • the charge / discharge system 1 includes a moving body 170 that operates using a rechargeable power storage device and a charging facility 110.
  • the moving body 170 is, for example, an RTG (Rubber Tired Gantry Crane) or a railway vehicle.
  • the load 150 is a device that consumes power.
  • As the load 150 for example, a motor and an inverter that operate an RTG crane, an auxiliary device such as a lighting device or a communication device, or a combination of these can be used as the load 150.
  • the charging facility 110 includes a terminal for supplying electric power to the outside, and supplies electric power to the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 via the DC bus 160.
  • the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 store the power supplied from the charging facility 110 and supply the power to the load 150.
  • Charging facility 110 may be one that constantly outputs power to DC bus 160 or one that outputs intermittently. For example, when the moving body 170 is a train, it is connected to the charging facility 110 and charged only when it is stopped at the station. For example, in the case of a battery-assisted RTG connected to the ground power supply facility (charging facility 110), it is possible to always charge.
  • the Li battery 130 charges and discharges with the DC bus 160.
  • the Li battery 130 is an example of a high capacity device.
  • the DC / DC converter 120 is provided between the Li battery 130 and the DC bus 160, and performs voltage conversion between the bus voltage and the battery voltage.
  • the Li capacitor 140 is directly connected to the DC bus 160 and charges and discharges with the DC bus 160.
  • the Li capacitor 140 is an example of a high output device.
  • the charge / discharge control apparatus 100 controls charge / discharge of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the charge / discharge control device 100 controls the DC / DC converter 120 to control power sharing in charging / discharging between the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the DC bus 160 is connected to the load 150 and can receive power from the charging facility 110.
  • the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 are charged and discharged between the DC bus 160.
  • the Li capacitor 140 is superior in output characteristics to a storage battery such as the Li battery 130, for example, and can output larger power.
  • the Li battery 130 has excellent capacity characteristics compared to the Li capacitor 140.
  • an optimal system can be constructed
  • the Li battery 130 Since the peak output of the Li battery 130 may be small, the Li battery 130 having a large capacity in accordance with the peak power can be set to a smaller capacity.
  • the output of the DC / DC converter 120 can also be made small. Thereby, in the charging / discharging system 1, a manufacturing cost and an operation cost can be reduced.
  • the charge / discharge control apparatus 100 optimizes the charge / discharge system 1 by controlling power sharing so that the characteristics of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 can be utilized.
  • the DC / DC converter is provided for the Li battery 130, but the Li capacitor 140 may also be provided with a DC / DC converter.
  • a DC / DC converter is connected to both the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140. be able to.
  • FIG. 10A is a first diagram illustrating conventional power sharing control in a charge / discharge system using both a high-capacity device and a high-power device.
  • FIG. 10B is a second diagram illustrating conventional power sharing control in a charge / discharge system using both a high-capacity device and a high-power device.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating a control method in which a threshold is provided for power required by a load, power below the threshold is shared by high capacity devices, and power exceeding the threshold is shared by high output devices.
  • the vertical axis indicates the power required by the load, and the horizontal axis indicates time.
  • a threshold 41 indicates a power threshold.
  • the output indicated by the output 42B is an output shared by the Li battery.
  • the output indicated by the output 42A is an output shared by the Li capacitor. Since the value of the second output 43 is equal to or less than the threshold value 41, the output 43 is shared by the Li battery.
  • this control method by limiting the output value of the Li battery and compensating for the deficiency with the Li capacitor, it is possible to compensate for the disadvantage of the Li battery in which output performance tends to become a bottleneck.
  • the sharing of the Li capacitor cannot be increased, so that the sharing of the device characteristics is not achieved and the system cannot be optimized. is there.
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram for explaining a control method in which the Li capacitor is used first and the Li battery is used when the charging rate decreases. Similar to FIG. 10A, the vertical axis indicates the power required by the load, and the horizontal axis indicates time. In the first output of FIG. 10B, the output indicated by the output 44A is an output shared by the Li capacitor. Here, it is assumed that the charging rate of the Li capacitor is reduced by the output of the output 44A. The output indicated by the output 44B and the second output 45 must be shared by the Li battery. In this control method, a Li capacitor that is resistant to repeated charging / discharging is preferentially used to control the characteristics of the high-power device.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the charge / discharge control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charge / discharge control device 100 includes a first power storage device (Li battery 130) that can be charged / discharged with a load, and a second power storage that can be charged / discharged with the load and has characteristics different from those of the first power storage device. It is a charging / discharging control apparatus of a charging / discharging system provided with an apparatus (Li capacitor 140). As shown in FIG.
  • the charge / discharge control device 100 includes at least a charging rate acquisition unit 11, a sharing rate setting unit 12, a command value generation unit 13, a power regeneration determination unit 14, and a storage unit 15.
  • the charge rate acquisition unit 11 acquires the charge rates of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140. Acquisition of a charging rate can be performed by, for example, measuring an open circuit voltage of the Li battery 130 and specifying a charging rate corresponding to the open circuit voltage. The same applies to the Li capacitor 140.
  • the sharing rate setting unit 12 Based on the charging rate acquired by the charging rate acquisition unit 11, the sharing rate setting unit 12 sets a “sharing rate based on the charging rate” that is a sharing rate of power in charging and discharging of the Li battery 130.
  • the command value generation unit 13 generates a power command value for charging / discharging the Li battery 130 based on the sharing rate based on the charging rate set by the sharing rate setting unit 12.
  • the power running regeneration determination unit 14 determines whether to perform a power running operation or a regenerative operation based on the required load from the load 150, the charging rate of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140, and the like.
  • the storage unit 15 stores various parameters used for setting the sharing rate based on the charging rate. In the following, the charging rate may be expressed as SOC (state of charge).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining parameters used for processing of the charge / discharge control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • these parameters are referred to as a power running / regeneration flag.
  • SOC LIB is the SOC of the current Li battery 130.
  • SOC LIC is the SOC of the current Li capacitor 140.
  • the charging rate acquisition unit 11 acquires the SOC of the Li battery 130 and sets the value in “SOC LIB ”.
  • the charge rate acquisition unit 11 acquires the SOC of the Li capacitor 140 and sets the value in “SOC LIC ”.
  • “SOC LIB ” and “SOC LIC ” are represented by “50%”, for example. These parameters from “Powering” to “SOC LIC ” are variables acquired from the charging / discharging system 1 during operation.
  • “SOC LIBDT ” is a constant indicating the target SOC of the Li battery 130 during power running.
  • SOC LICDT is a constant indicating the target SOC of the Li capacitor 140 during power running.
  • SOC LIBCT is a constant indicating the target SOC of the Li battery 130 during regeneration.
  • SOC LICCT is a constant indicating the target SOC of the Li capacitor 140 during regeneration.
  • a 0 ” and “a 1 ” are coefficients for calculating a sharing coefficient ⁇ of the Li battery 130 described later. As the value of “a 0 ” is larger, the electric power sharing of the Li capacitor 140 can be increased.
  • SOC LIBDIF is a deviation between the SOC LIB that is the current charging rate of the Li battery 130 and the target SOC (SOC LIBDT or SOC LIBCT ).
  • SOC LICDIF is a deviation between the SOC LIC that is the current charging rate of the Li capacitor 140 and the target SOC (SOC LICDT or SOC LICCT ).
  • SOC LIBDIF SOC LIB ⁇ SOC LIBDT (1)
  • SOC LICDIF SOC LIC ⁇ SOC LICDT (2)
  • SOC LIBDIF SOC LIBCT ⁇ SOC LIB (3)
  • SOC LICDIF SOC LICCT ⁇ SOC LIC (4)
  • ⁇ is a sharing coefficient of the Li battery 130 (first power storage device).
  • the sharing coefficient ⁇ is a value indicating the ratio of power shared by the Li battery 130 in charge / discharge.
  • the sharing rate setting unit 12 calculates the sharing coefficient ⁇ using the following equation using SOC LIBDIF and SOC LICDIF .
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a processing flow of the charge / discharge control device in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process in which the charge / discharge control apparatus 100 calculates the electric power sharing amount will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is assumed that there is an output request from the load 150.
  • the command value generation unit 13 acquires the required power from the load.
  • the charge rate acquisition unit 11 acquires the SOCs of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 (step S11).
  • the charging rate acquisition unit 11 outputs the acquired SOC to the sharing rate setting unit 12.
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 sets the obtained SOC of the Li battery 130 to the SOC LIB and the obtained SOC of the Li capacitor 140 to the SOC LIC .
  • the power running regeneration determination unit 14 determines whether the power running operation or the regenerative operation, and sets the result in the power running / regeneration flag.
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 acquires the power running / regeneration flag set by the power running regeneration determination unit 14 (step S12).
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 calculates a deviation SOC LIBDIF from the target SOC for the Li battery 130 according to the above-described equation (1).
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 calculates a deviation SOC LICDIF from the target SOC with respect to the Li capacitor 140 according to the above equation (2).
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 reads the target of the Li battery 130 during regeneration from the storage unit 15. It reads the SOC LICCT a target SOC of the SOC LIBCT and Li capacitor 140 is SOC.
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 calculates a deviation SOC LIBDIF from the target SOC for the Li battery 130 using Equation (3).
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 calculates the SOC LICDIF for the Li capacitor 140 according to the equation (4).
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 calculates a sharing coefficient ⁇ (step S14). Specifically, the assignment ratio setting unit 12 reads the parameters a 0 and a 1 from the storage unit 15, and substitutes a 0 and a 1 and the SOC LIBDIF and SOC LICDIF calculated in step S13 into the equation (5). To determine the sharing coefficient ⁇ .
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 outputs the sharing coefficient ⁇ to the command value generation unit 13.
  • the command value generation unit 13 calculates a value obtained by multiplying the required power from the load 150 by ⁇ , and outputs the calculated value to the DC / DC converter 120 as a power command value (step S15).
  • the DC / DC converter 120 adjusts the voltage based on the power command value, and controls the power supplied to the DC bus 160.
  • power corresponding to the sharing coefficient ⁇ is consumed by the control of the DC / DC converter 120.
  • the Li capacitor 140 consumes power obtained by subtracting the power shared by the Li battery 130 from the required power. Thereby, the electric power sharing amount of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 is controlled.
  • the command value generation unit 13 issues a charging command as to how many kilowatts the charging facility 110 is charged.
  • the command value generation unit 13 calculates the power charged by the Li battery 130 by multiplying the charging power commanded to the charging facility 110 and the sharing coefficient ⁇ , and outputs the power command value to the DC / DC converter 120.
  • the DC / DC converter 120 controls the voltage applied to the Li battery 130, and controls the Li battery 130 to be charged according to the sharing coefficient ⁇ and the rest to be charged to the Li capacitor 140.
  • FIG. 5 is a first diagram illustrating power sharing amount control in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper diagram of FIG. 5 shows an example of a change in the amount of sharing between the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 when the power sharing amount control according to the present embodiment is performed.
  • the vertical axis indicates the power required by the load, and the horizontal axis indicates time.
  • the region above the shared boundary 55 indicated by the power 51A indicates the power shared by the Li capacitor 140.
  • the area below the sharing boundary 55 indicated by the power 51B indicates the power shared by the Li battery 130.
  • the area indicated by the power 52A indicates the power shared by the Li capacitor 140
  • the area indicated by the power 52B indicates the power shared by the Li battery 130.
  • the upper diagram of FIG. 5 shows that at the first output of the first output, the Li capacitor 140 shares about half of the power required by the load, and the amount of the Li capacitor 140 gradually decreases with the output. It is shown that the operation is such that the Li battery 130 shares that amount.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of changes in the SOC of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the vertical axis indicates the SOC
  • the horizontal axis indicates the time.
  • a line 53 indicates a change in the SOC of the Li battery 130.
  • Line 54 shows the change in the SOC of the Li capacitor 140.
  • the deviation SOC LIBDIF from the target SOC for the Li battery 130 during power running is compared with the deviation SOC LICDIF from the target SOC for the Li capacitor 140. Since the Li capacitor 140 discharges more rapidly than the Li battery 130, the value of SOC LICDIF becomes smaller even during the first output. When this is applied to Equation (5) and ⁇ is obtained, it can be seen that a value larger than ⁇ at the start of output can be obtained. That is, since the share of the Li battery 130 increases according to the output, for example, a change in the share amount as shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 5 is obtained.
  • FIG. 6A is a second diagram illustrating power sharing control in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining the influence of a 1 in Equation (5).
  • the vertical axis represents power required by the load, and the horizontal axis represents time.
  • the power 61A represents the power shared by the Li capacitor 140, and the power 61B represents the power shared by the Li battery 130.
  • Lines 62 and 63 show examples of shared boundary lines.
  • the sharing coefficient ⁇ is calculated so that the larger the value of SOC LIBDIF or SOC LICDIF , which is the deviation from the target SOC, is more shared.
  • the SOC LIC decreases, and when the difference from the SOC LICDT decreases, the value of the sharing coefficient ⁇ according to Equation (5) increases and the sharing of the Li battery 130 increases.
  • the sharing coefficient ⁇ increases more rapidly.
  • the sharing boundaries such as ⁇ becomes, for example, a line 62 as quickly to correct the deviation of the SOC LIBDIF and SOC LICDIF.
  • ⁇ becomes a value that gently corrects the deviation between SOC LIBDIF and SOC LICDIF , and becomes a shared boundary line, for example, line 63. That is, by adjusting the value of a 1, if there is room in the SOC of Li capacitor 140 (when SOC LICDIF is large), then share the more power Li capacitor 140, is a margin in the SOC of Li battery 130 In some cases (when the SOC LIBDIF is large), more power can be shared by the Li battery 130.
  • FIG. 6B is a third diagram illustrating power sharing control in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating control in a case where the shared power exceeds the threshold when the load sharing is determined by the above equation (5).
  • the vertical axis indicates the power required by the load
  • the horizontal axis indicates time.
  • the threshold 65 indicates the threshold of power shared by the Li battery 130.
  • the threshold 65 is a restriction provided to avoid a situation where the capacity of the Li battery 130 becomes insufficient when power sharing as indicated by the broken line 66 is performed as it is, for example.
  • This threshold value is recorded in the storage unit 15 in advance in association with the SOC, for example.
  • the sharing ratio setting unit 12 multiplies the calculated sharing coefficient ⁇ and the required load and compares it with a threshold value. If the multiplied value exceeds the threshold value, the sharing ratio setting unit 12 outputs a value obtained by dividing the threshold value by the required load to the command value generation unit 13 as a corrected sharing coefficient ⁇ . Thereby, the electric power shared by the Li battery 130 can be within the threshold value, and the rest can be shared by the Li capacitor 140.
  • a 0 and a 1 when there is a margin in the Li capacitor 140 having a strong characteristic against repeated charge and discharge, more power can be shared by the Li capacitor 140. Therefore, it is possible to make power sharing in consideration of device characteristics and states.
  • a 0 and a 1 it is possible to prevent the Li capacitor 140 from being completely charged, and thus it is not necessary to allow the Li battery 130 to share all of the information, and the system cost can be reduced.
  • the efficiency of charging / discharging can be optimized by adjusting a 0 and a 1 according to the characteristics of the load.
  • a high capacity device (Li battery 130) is used as an example of the first power storage device, and a high output device (Li capacitor 140) is used as an example of the second power storage device.
  • the first power storage device and the second power storage device are both Li batteries, a relatively high capacity Li battery is associated with the first power storage device, and a relatively high output Li battery is It is good also as a structure matched with an electrical storage apparatus. High-capacity, high-power storage devices that are vulnerable to repeated charging / discharging are associated with the first power storage device, and relatively low-capacity, low-power storage devices that are resistant to repeated charging / discharging are associated with the second power storage device. Also good.
  • a power storage device having a long time required for charging may be associated with the first power storage device, and a power storage device having a short time required for charging may be associated with the second power storage device.
  • an electricity storage device that is resistant to repeated charging and discharging or an electricity storage device that takes a short time to charge is referred to as having high charge / discharge performance in this specification.
  • Equation (5) the value of SOC LIBDIF is a constant, and the power sharing is set based on the value of SOC LICDIF .
  • Formula (5) can be further generalized to the following formula in which an offset value is added to SOC LICDIF and SOC LIBDIF . Note that a 2 and a 3 are constants.
  • a charge / discharge control apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • power sharing is set in consideration of temperature and the degree of device degradation.
  • the characteristics of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140 change depending on the temperature and the degree of deterioration. Therefore, in this embodiment, power sharing is set using these parameters in addition to the SOC of the first embodiment.
  • the power sharing amount is determined by giving weights in consideration of the time constant and the degree of influence. For example, the SOC changes every second and has a large influence. Temperature varies with time and has a moderate impact. The degree of deterioration changes on a monthly basis, and the degree of influence is the lowest.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the charge / discharge control apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charge / discharge control device 100 includes a temperature acquisition unit 16 and a deterioration degree calculation unit 17.
  • the load factor setting unit 12a of the present embodiment calculates a sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the temperature and a sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the temperature based on the degree of deterioration, in addition to the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the SOC.
  • the command value generation unit 13a of the present embodiment calculates a weighted average of the sharing coefficients ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , and generates a power command value based on the calculated weighted average.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the temperatures of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires a temperature measured from a temperature sensor provided in each device.
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 17 acquires the deterioration degrees of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the degree of deterioration may be calculated based on the degree of decrease in capacitance by calculating the capacitance from the change in voltage and current per unit time during charging and discharging.
  • the degree of deterioration may be calculated based on the total number of times of charge / discharge and the usage time.
  • the load factor setting unit 12a calculates the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the temperature using the following equation.
  • ⁇ is a sharing coefficient based on the temperature for the Li battery 130 (first power storage device).
  • T LIBDIF is the absolute value of the deviation between the temperature of the Li battery 130 and the target temperature of the Li battery 130.
  • T LICDIF is the absolute value of the deviation between the temperature of the Li capacitor 140 and the target temperature of the Li capacitor 140.
  • the load factor setting unit 12a calculates a sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the degree of deterioration using the following equation.
  • ⁇ is a sharing coefficient based on the degree of deterioration with respect to the Li battery 130 (first power storage device).
  • D LIBDIF is an absolute value of a deviation between the deterioration degree of the Li battery 130 and the target deterioration degree of the Li battery 130.
  • D LICDIF is an absolute value of a deviation between the deterioration degree of the Li capacitor 140 and the target deterioration degree of the Li capacitor 140. Note that there is no distinction between powering and regeneration in the calculation of the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the temperature and the calculation of the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the deterioration degree. a 0 and a 1 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining parameters used for processing of the charge / discharge control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the parameter “P LS ” is the power required by the load.
  • P LS is a value obtained by subtracting the power shared by the power supply facility from the power required by the load.
  • W SOC is a weight for the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the SOC.
  • W T is a weight for the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on temperature.
  • W D is a weight for the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the degree of deterioration.
  • W SOC is the largest value. Since the effect of the temperature moderate, the size of the W T is moderate. Since the lowest influence of the deterioration degree, the value of W D is a smallest value.
  • ⁇ is a shared coefficient based on the SOC.
  • ⁇ is a sharing coefficient based on temperature.
  • ⁇ is a sharing coefficient based on the degree of deterioration. The calculation method of ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ is as described above. These parameters are variables.
  • T LIB is a target temperature of the Li battery 130.
  • T LIC is a target temperature of the Li capacitor 140.
  • D LIB is the target deterioration level of the Li battery 130.
  • D LIC is the target deterioration degree of the Li capacitor 140.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a processing flow of the charge / discharge control apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process of calculating the power sharing amount according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the command value generation unit 13 acquires the required power (P LS ) from the load.
  • the charging rate acquisition unit 11 acquires the SOCs of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140, and the load factor setting unit 12a calculates a sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the SOC (step S21).
  • the temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the temperatures of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 16 outputs the acquired temperature to the load factor setting unit 12a.
  • the load factor setting unit 12a reads T LIB from the storage unit 15 and calculates the absolute value T LIBDIF of the deviation between the acquired temperature of the Li battery 130 and T LIB .
  • the load factor setting unit 12a reads T LIC from the storage unit 15 and calculates the absolute value T LICDIF of the deviation between the acquired temperature of the Li capacitor 140 and T LIC .
  • the load factor setting unit 12a calculates the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the temperature according to the equation (7) (step S22).
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 17 calculates the deterioration degrees of the Li battery 130 and the Li capacitor 140.
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 17 outputs the calculated deterioration degree to the load factor setting unit 12a.
  • the load factor setting unit 12a reads D LIB from the storage unit 15 and calculates an absolute value D LIBDIF of the obtained deterioration degree of the Li battery 130 and the deviation of D LIB .
  • the load factor setting unit 12a reads the D LIC from the storage unit 15 and calculates the absolute value D LICDIF of the obtained deterioration degree of the Li capacitor 140 and the deviation of the D LIC .
  • the load factor setting unit 12a calculates the sharing coefficient ⁇ based on the degree of deterioration using the equation (8) (step S23).
  • the load factor setting unit 12 a outputs the calculated ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ to the command value generation unit 13.
  • the command value generation unit 13 controls the DC / DC converter 120 with the calculated power command value P DCDC .
  • the present embodiment in addition to the first embodiment, it is possible to share in consideration of the state of temperature / deterioration, and it is possible to extend the life of the device. It is preferable to calculate the power sharing in consideration of the effects of temperature and deterioration, but the power sharing may be controlled based only on the SOC and temperature, or the power sharing may be controlled based only on the SOC and the deterioration. You may control.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge qui est un dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge d'un système de charge et de décharge comportant un premier dispositif accumulateur d'électricité pouvant charger et décharger une charge, et un second dispositif accumulateur d'électricité qui peut charger et décharger une charge, et dont les caractéristiques sont différentes de celles du premier dispositif accumulateur d'électricité, le dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge comportant : une unité de taux de charge qui acquiert un taux de charge du second dispositif accumulateur d'électricité ; une unité de réglage de ratio d'attribution qui calcule, sur la base du taux de charge, un ratio d'allocation de puissance électrique sur la base du taux de charge par rapport au premier dispositif accumulateur d'électricité ; et une unité génératrice de valeur de commande qui, sur la base di ratio d'attribution sur la base du taux de charge, génère une valeur de commande de puissance pour la charge et la décharge par rapport au premier dispositif accumulateur d'électricité.
PCT/JP2015/076298 2015-02-18 2015-09-16 Dispositif de régulation de charge et de décharge, corps mobile, et procédé de détermination de quantité d'attribution de puissance électrique WO2016132580A1 (fr)

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HK18103420.4A HK1244109A1 (zh) 2015-02-18 2018-03-12 充放電控制裝置、移動體及電力分擔量確定方法

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JP6752286B2 (ja) * 2016-10-18 2020-09-09 株式会社日立製作所 電池システム
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CN107592953A (zh) 2018-01-16

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