WO2016086903A1 - 空气金属燃料电池 - Google Patents

空气金属燃料电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016086903A1
WO2016086903A1 PCT/CN2015/096576 CN2015096576W WO2016086903A1 WO 2016086903 A1 WO2016086903 A1 WO 2016086903A1 CN 2015096576 W CN2015096576 W CN 2015096576W WO 2016086903 A1 WO2016086903 A1 WO 2016086903A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
battery
metal
positive electrode
film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/096576
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金季藩
Original Assignee
兰州金福乐生物工程有限公司
金星国际有限公司
春天有限公司
法国金金太平洋企业公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 兰州金福乐生物工程有限公司, 金星国际有限公司, 春天有限公司, 法国金金太平洋企业公司 filed Critical 兰州金福乐生物工程有限公司
Priority to EP15865991.2A priority Critical patent/EP3242354B1/en
Priority to CN201580066255.0A priority patent/CN107210503B/zh
Priority to AU2015357831A priority patent/AU2015357831B2/en
Priority to EA201791257A priority patent/EA201791257A1/ru
Priority to CA2969797A priority patent/CA2969797C/en
Priority to US15/533,350 priority patent/US10886584B2/en
Priority to JP2017548518A priority patent/JP6762481B2/ja
Publication of WO2016086903A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016086903A1/zh
Priority to ZA2017/04533A priority patent/ZA201704533B/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • H01M12/065Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode with plate-like electrodes or stacks of plate-like electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/08Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery in which the metal is a negative electrode fuel.
  • Air metal fuel cells have high energy density, long service life, diverse battery structure, sufficient resources, convenient materials, and environmental protection: non-toxic, no harmful gases, no pollution to the environment, and the ability to store electricity and generate electricity.
  • the metal materials for power generation can be recycled after the energy, water, solar energy, etc. provide energy for cracking and reduction, and are high-quality renewable energy.
  • the world's major economic and technological powers have invested heavily in concentrating a large number of scientific research forces for decades of hard research and development.
  • the electrode potential is significantly lower than the theoretical value and the voltage behavior is significantly delayed.
  • the corrosion resistance of the metal decreases, self-discharge, voltage hysteresis, low discharge power, gas production, heat generation, World-wide problems such as expansion, self-combustion, and explosion have not been effectively broken, so the ideal solution has not been achieved, and the high cost of the development of the R&D process has further hindered the commercial application of the battery.
  • Patent document CN102244310A discloses a metal fuel cell comprising an electrolytic cell, and a metal anode, an air electrode and an electrolyte disposed in the electrolytic cell, which realize the metal anode and the air electrode by controlling the amount of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. The combination and separation of the electrolyte. Although this method avoids the problem of metal corrosion to a certain extent, it is not suitable for conventional batteries, and the battery cannot be in an achievable state at any time.
  • the present invention provides an air metal fuel cell.
  • An air metal fuel cell comprising at least one positive electrode unit and an at least one negative electrode unit, the positive electrode unit comprising an air electrode positive electrode, a positive electrode electrolyte, a siphon material, the air electrode positive electrode comprising an air electrode carrier, the air
  • the electrode carrier has a catalyst capable of catalyzing oxygen to generate an anion;
  • the negative electrode unit comprises a metal negative electrode, a negative electrode electrolyte and/or an electrolyte, the metal negative electrode comprising a metal fuel, which provides a cation for discharge of the battery;
  • the positive electrode electrolyte is transported to the air positive electrode carrier, and the positive electrode electrolyte is brought into contact with the air positive electrode carrier, and the metal negative electrode is in contact with the negative electrode electrolyte and/or the electrolyte, and an ion path can be formed between the positive electrode of the air electrode and the metal negative electrode.
  • hydrophobic structure layer between the positive electrode of the air electrode, the positive electrolyte and the metal negative electrode, the negative electrode electrolyte and/or the electrolyte, and the hydrophobic structure layer can pass ions and have water repellency.
  • the anode unit includes a metal anode, a cathode electrolyte, and an electrolyte.
  • the battery further includes a first storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte, a portion of the wick material is inserted into the first storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte, and a portion is in contact with the air positive electrode carrier. Further, the battery further includes a second storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte, and two ends of the wick material are respectively inserted into the first storage chamber and the second storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte, and the intermediate portion is in contact with the air positive electrode carrier.
  • first storage chamber and the second storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte are connected by a pipeline, and a positive electrode electrolyte pump is arranged on the pipeline, and the positive electrolyte solution can be realized in the first storage chamber by driving the positive electrolyte pump Circulate between the two storage rooms.
  • the wick material is inserted into the first storage chamber of the positive electrode electrolyte and the inlet of the second storage chamber, respectively, to have a positive electrode electrolyte isolation device that seals the connection between the wick material and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber.
  • the wicking material is preferably resistant to high temperatures and freezes.
  • the anode unit includes a negative electrode electrolyte, and further includes a core having an adsorptivity, and the anode electrolyte can be adsorbed and stored, and the core is in contact with the metal fuel.
  • the metal fuel is positioned between the core and the electrolyte and is bonded to the core and the electrolyte, respectively.
  • the battery further includes a shockproof buffer structure, and the shockproof buffer structure has elasticity, and the components in the battery are closely connected by the elastic action of the shockproof buffer structure.
  • the battery further includes a battery fixing support member that relatively fixes the battery assembly.
  • the air electrode positive electrode further includes an air electrode positive electrode current collector and an air electrode positive electrode tab, and the air electrode positive electrode tab and the air electrode positive electrode current collector are sequentially connected to the air electrode carrier.
  • a positive output line is also included, which is connected to the positive electrode tab.
  • the air electrode positive current collector, the air electrode positive electrode tab and/or the positive electrode output circuit are integrated.
  • the positive electrode unit further includes an air electrode positive electrode inlet device, and oxygen enters the positive electrode unit through the air electrode positive electrode inlet device and is in contact with the catalyst of the air electrode carrier.
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device has a gas permeable material layer comprising a waterproof gas permeable membrane and/or a carbon dioxide gas barrier film.
  • the air electrode positive air intake device may be an air intake hood.
  • a catalyst is distributed in the air electrode carrier and/or its surface.
  • the surface of the air electrode carrier further has an air electrode catalyst coating containing a catalyst.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating layer may be made of a catalyst, a porous adsorbent, a conductive agent, and a binder.
  • the catalyst may be selected from the group consisting of a silver catalyst, a perovskite catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, a manganese catalyst, a metal composite oxide catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, an organic metal catalyst, and a metal chelate catalyst. One or more.
  • the air electrode carrier may be selected from the group consisting of: 1) a film structure, a mesh structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, a nano material made of a carbon material and a carbon material; 2) a carbon nano material Mesh structure, foam structure, film structure, cloth structure, particle structure, powder structure; or mesh structure, foam structure, film structure, cloth structure, particle structure, powder made of metal and metal nano material structure. Including but not limited to one or more selected from the group consisting of: 1) carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon fiber cloth; 2) carbon nano cloth, carbon nano paper; or 3) copper foam fiber, silver foam particles.
  • the wick material of the positive electrode can also serve as an air electrode carrier, a portion of the wick material is inserted into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber, and a portion is used as the air electrode carrier to be connected to the air electrode tab.
  • the metal negative electrode includes a metal negative electrode current collector, a metal negative electrode tab, and the metal fuel, and the metal negative electrode tab, the metal negative electrode current collector, and the metal fuel are sequentially connected.
  • metal negative electrode tab, the metal negative electrode current collector and/or the metal fuel may have a unitary structure.
  • the metal fuel may be selected from one or more of lithium metal, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, iron, lead, sodium, potassium, calcium, or an alloy selected from the metal, or the metal One or more alloys made of non-metal.
  • the metal fuel is aluminum.
  • the metal fuel may be semi-solid.
  • the battery is also provided with a metal fuel storage chamber and a metal fuel recovery chamber, and the metal fuel is discharged from the metal fuel storage chamber through the battery negative discharge region and enters the metal fuel recovery chamber.
  • the metal fuel can be pumped into the negative discharge zone of the battery through a metal fuel pump, and after the discharge is completed, it is pumped into the metal fuel recovery chamber through the metal fuel recovery pump.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel may be selected from a powder or granule of one or more of the following materials and a semi-solid mixture of a conductive agent and a thickener: lithium metal, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, iron, One or more of lead, sodium, potassium, calcium, or an alloy composed of the metal, or an alloy of one or more of the metals and a non-metal.
  • the battery may further include a rotating device coupled to the metal fuel to drive the metal fuel to rotate.
  • the rotating device may include a motor and a connecting member that connects the motor to the metal fuel.
  • a rotating shaft is connected to the metal fuel and connected to the motor. The metal discharge can be made more uniform by turning the metal fuel.
  • the negative electrode unit further includes a separator, and the separator is one or more layers having a hydrophobic coating layer on at least one film of the separator to form the hydrophobic structural layer.
  • the membrane material of the membrane may be a plurality of layers having a plurality of hydrophobic coating layers between at least one of the two layers of membrane material.
  • the material of the hydrophobic coating may be selected from the group consisting of: polymers: polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, etc.; high-grade linear hydrocarbons: microcrystalline paraffin, liquid paraffin, polyethylene wax, etc.; lipids (animal oil) , vegetable oil): butter, butter, sheep oil, butter, lard, fish oil, poultry oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, peanut oil, etc.; one or more of artificial synthetic ester compounds.
  • the membrane of the membrane may be a polyethylene membrane, a polypropylene membrane, a glass fiber membrane, a PVC membrane, a bioactive membrane, a bioselective membrane, a bacterial microbial biofilm or an organic sprayed membrane.
  • the negative electrode unit includes an electrolyte that is attached to the separator.
  • the membrane may be formed into a bag-shaped membrane bag either alone or with an auxiliary material.
  • the negative electrode unit of the battery is generally located in the membrane bag, and the metal negative electrode, the negative electrode electrolyte, the electrolyte, and the like are located in the membrane bag.
  • the film bag has a film bag sealing device, and the film bag sealing device is located at the opening of the film bag for sealing the film bag opening.
  • the film bag comprises a film and a separator, and the separator and the film form a bag shape.
  • the material of the separator may be tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polyvinyl chloride or ABS.
  • an added metal element constituting the alloy and/or an added non-metal element constituting the alloy are distributed on the film of the separator.
  • the metal alloy element means the added element inside the alloy.
  • an aluminum alloy in which aluminum A1 is used as a matrix, in which indium In, magnesium Mg, tin Sn, and lead Pb are added
  • the element, that is, the metal alloy element means that elements such as indium In, magnesium Mg, tin Sn, and lead Pb are formed on the separator. In the film bag, it is still ordinary elemental aluminum, not aluminum alloy.
  • an aluminum alloy (with aluminum A1 as a matrix, in which silicon Si, selenium Se, iodine I, sulfur S element is added) is taken as an example, wherein elements such as silicon Si, selenium Se, iodine I, and sulfur S are added as alloys.
  • the element that is, the non-metallic alloying element.
  • the idea here is to make elements such as silicon Si, selenium Se, iodine I, and sulfur S onto the separator. In the film bag, it is still ordinary aluminum, not aluminum alloy.
  • the added metal element constituting the alloy is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements in the periodic table, and the added non-metal element constituting the alloy is at least one selected from the group consisting of non-metal elements in the periodic table.
  • the negative electrode unit may further include a negative electrode siphon material, a portion of the negative electrode siphon material is attached to the metal fuel, and the negative electrode electrolyte is transported to the metal fuel through the negative electrode siphon material.
  • a hydrophobic coating is formed on a side of the negative wick material facing the positive electrode unit to constitute the hydrophobic structural layer. At this time, the above diaphragm or film bag may not be used.
  • the battery further includes a first storage chamber of the negative electrode electrolyte and a second storage chamber of the negative electrode electrolyte, and two ends of the negative syphon material are respectively inserted into the first storage chamber and the second storage chamber of the negative electrode electrolyte, and the middle portion is The metal fuel is in contact.
  • the first storage chamber and the second storage chamber of the negative electrode electrolyte may be connected by a pipeline, and a negative electrode electrolyte pump is disposed on the pipeline, and the negative electrode electrolyte may be realized in the first storage chamber and the second by driving the negative electrolyte pump Circulate between storage rooms.
  • the oxygen may be derived from: 1) air; 2) pure oxygen; or, 3) a substance capable of generating oxygen.
  • the electrolyte provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and an ion-operated electrolyte for the negative electrode of the battery, which is solid or semi-solid.
  • the electrolyte may be selected from the group consisting of: 1) a solid electrolyte: ⁇ - ⁇ 1 2 0 3 , zirconium dioxide or a ceramic material; 2) a polymer electrolyte: polyoxyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate Ester-based or polyacrylonitrile-based polymer electrolyte; or, 3) semi-solid electrolyte: at least one of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, ethyl cellulose, etc., lipids, high-grade straight At least one of a chain hydrocarbon, an ester, or the like, at least one of a carbon material, a magnetic material, a glass fiber, and the like, and at least one of an organic solution of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide.
  • a solid electrolyte ⁇ - ⁇ 1 2 0 3 , zirconium dioxide or a ceramic material
  • An organic solution of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide means at least one of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide is dissolved in ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, acetone or tetrahydrofuran.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and provides an ion running electrolyte for the battery negative electrode.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte may be selected from the group consisting of: 1) alkaline electrolyte: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, One of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, sodium methoxide, and potassium methoxide Or a plurality of negative electrode electrolytes prepared with one or more of organic solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide or carbonate; 2) acidic electrolyte: organic, inorganic weak acid and organic solvent: ethanol , a negative electrode electrolyte made of one or more of methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide or carbonate; 3) neutral electrolyte: sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, One or more
  • the halogenated metal acid ionic liquid formed by the metal halide with one of the quaternary ammonium salt or the quaternary phosphonium salt or the quaternary sulfur salt is an electrolyte (halogen metal acid such as chloroaluminate, chlorozinc acid, etc.), and the solvent is ethanol, methanol, One or more of acetonitrile, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and carbonate.
  • Metal halide for example, aluminum chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, potassium fluoride, potassium iodide, and the like.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and provides an ion running electrolyte for the positive electrode of the battery.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of: alkaline electrolyte: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hydrogen hydroxide One or more of lithium, sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide with an organic solvent: one of ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate or water or a variety of prepared positive electrode electrolyte; acidic electrolyte: organic, inorganic weak acid and organic solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate or one or more of the positive electrode electrolyte; Neutral electrolyte: One or more of sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, potassium fluoride or potassium
  • the battery further includes a positive output line and a negative output line, which are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the air electrode and the negative electrode of the metal. Through the output line, you can connect to a battery pack, supply power to the outside, and so on.
  • the battery of the present invention may include two or more positive electrode units, or two or more negative electrode units.
  • two positive cells are sandwiched by a negative electrode unit, or a plurality of positive and negative electrode units are arranged one another.
  • the positive and negative electrolyte storage chambers can be separately integrated.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be phase-separated, and an ion path is formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode by a positive electrode electrolyte, a siphon material or the like.
  • a siphon material may be disposed outside the negative unit membrane or the film bag, and the two are attached.
  • the wick material is inserted into the negative electrode liquid storage chamber at one end, and the wick material of the positive electrode unit is also inserted into the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber, thus forming an ion channel.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte storage chambers may be the same or separate. If it is a different negative electrolyte storage chamber, it can be the same through the pipeline.
  • the positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit are preferably a flat structure, an air electrode carrier, an air inlet cover (air positive air intake device), a siphon material, a diaphragm, an electrolyte, a metal fuel, a core, and a film bag.
  • the spacers, the anti-collision buffer structure, and the like are flat, and are closely attached in order.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the battery of the present invention is a cylindrical shape.
  • the positive electrode unit surrounds the negative electrode unit, and the core, the metal fuel, the electrolyte, the membrane/membrane bag, the siphon material, the air electrode carrier, and the intake hood are sequentially disposed from the center to the edge.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte is filled in the negative electrode unit, and a part or a large portion can be stored in the core.
  • the electrolyte storage chamber is generally located at the bottom of the battery. If it is two storage chambers, it can be located at the bottom and top of the battery.
  • the battery case and the fixed support member of the present invention can fix the positions of the various portions of the battery and are tightly coupled.
  • a battery such as a storage compartment, an air intake hood, or the like in combination with a fixed support member may form a housing of the battery.
  • the fixed support members are separately formed into a housing, or the housing is separately provided to relatively close the battery components. However, it is necessary to keep the opening of the air intake.
  • the above battery may constitute a single battery, a battery pack or a battery stack, and the like. Different structural adjustments can be made depending on the purpose of use.
  • an outer casing may be disposed outside the unit cell, the battery pack or the battery stack.
  • the housing here generally has a certain space between it and a single battery inside.
  • the outer casing can be a factory building, a container, a battery box, a battery compartment, and the like.
  • an oxygen supply device is further included, and the oxygen supply device is connected to the battery casing to supply oxygen to the battery. Further, an oxygen concentration sensor is provided in the battery casing, and the oxygen supply device adjusts the oxygen concentration in the casing in accordance with the data of the oxygen concentration sensor.
  • an oxygen selective passage membrane may be provided on the outer casing, the membrane selectively allowing oxygen to pass therethrough. It also has a carbon dioxide barrier.
  • an air filtering device may be disposed on the outer casing.
  • the air filtering device may be installed outside the oxygen selective passage membrane and/or the carbon dioxide separation membrane to filter out particulate matter in the air or the like. It is also possible to integrate the oxygen through the membrane and/or carbon dioxide barrier into the air filtration unit.
  • the battery of the present invention separates the positive and negative electrode of the battery and the negative electrode of the metal, and does not directly contact, thereby maintaining the stability of the electrolyte electrolyte environment around the metal negative electrode, and does not cause molecular substances such as moisture of the positive electrode unit to enter the negative electrode unit. It is in contact with the metal fuel, and the ions can pass freely, avoiding the corrosion of the metal negative electrode, self-ignition and accelerating the self-discharge and power-off of the battery.
  • the invention conveys the electrolyte through the siphon material to provide a stable electrolyte, and at the same time adjusts the temperature of the battery to prevent the battery temperature from being too high or too low, and maintains a stable working state at normal temperature.
  • the positive and negative electrodes are not in direct contact, and the electrolyte is mainly stored in the storage chamber, so that the battery generated by the short circuit can be prevented from being severely discharged, and the explosion of the battery can be avoided.
  • the present invention stores and adsorbs the negative electrode electrolyte through the core for the negative electrode, and maintains the tight connection between the negative electrode of the battery and the electrolyte. Provide ion path to the battery to maintain battery current, voltage stability and long-lasting.
  • the invention maintains the tight connection of the various components of the battery through the shock-proof buffer layer structure. Prevent the battery from suddenly powering off or changing the current in the event of a shock.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of an air metal fuel cell
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the air metal fuel cell taken along line E-E of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the air metal fuel cell taken along line BCD of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view (showing an enlarged area of the area) of a typical air metal fuel cell taken along line E-E of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a positive electrode unit (an enlarged view of the portion shown in Figure 4);
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of another positive electrode unit (an enlarged view of the portion shown in Figure 4);
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of another positive electrode unit (an enlarged view of the portion shown in Figure 4);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of another positive electrode unit (an enlarged view of the office shown in Figure 4);
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a positive electrode current collector of an air electrode and an air electrode carrier;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing another structure of connecting a positive electrode current collector of an air electrode and an air electrode carrier
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another structure of connecting a positive electrode current collector of an air electrode and an air electrode carrier
  • FIG. 12 is another positive electrode current collector of the air electrode
  • FIG. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a typical air metal fuel cell taken along the line of Figure 1A-A;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a metal anode current collector and a metal fuel
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a metal negative electrode current collector and a metal fuel, taken along the line of Figure 14H-H;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing another metal negative electrode current collector and a metal fuel connection structure, taken along the line of Figure 14H-H;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing another metal negative electrode current collector and a metal fuel connection structure
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing another metal negative electrode current collector and metal fuel connection structure
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a metal negative electrode current collector and a metal fuel, taken along the line of Figure 19I-I;
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing another metal negative electrode current collector and a metal fuel connection structure, taken along the line of Figure 19I-I;
  • Another air metal fuel cell along the EE cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 includes two negative electrodes;
  • FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line AA of FIG. 1, which includes two negative electrode units;
  • Another air metal fuel cell is shown in the EE cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 without electrolyte;
  • FIG. 25 is another AA cross-sectional view of the air metal fuel cell along FIG. 1 without electrolyte;
  • FIG. 26 is another air metal fuel.
  • the battery is along the EE cross-sectional view of Figure 1, which has no core;
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line A-A of Figure 1, without a core;
  • Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line EE of Figure 1, without core and electrolyte
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line 1A-A, without core and electrolyte
  • Figure 30 is a front view of the film bag
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view of the film bag taken along line G-G of Figure 30;
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the single layer film bag taken along line F-F of Figure 30;
  • Figure 33 is an enlarged view of a film bag along the C area of Figure 31;
  • Figure 34 is an enlarged view of another film bag taken along line C of Figure 31;
  • Figure 35 is an enlarged view of another film bag taken along line C of Figure 31;
  • Figure 36 is a schematic structural view of a double film bag
  • Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view of the double film bag taken along line FF of Figure 30;
  • Figure 38 is an enlarged view of a film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 39 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 40 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 41 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 42 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 43 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 44 is an enlarged view of another film bag along the D area of Figure 36;
  • Figure 45 is a cross-sectional view of the film bag taken along line G-G of Figure 30, which is a multilayer film bag;
  • Figure 46 is a cross-sectional view of the multilayer film bag taken along line F-F of Figure 30;
  • Figure 47 is a cross-sectional view of the film bag taken along line GG of Figure 30, which is a single layer film and a single spacer structure
  • Figure 48 is a cross-sectional view of the film bag taken along line FF of Figure 30, which is a single layer film and a single spacer film.
  • Figure 49 is a cross-sectional view of another film bag taken along line GG of Figure 30, which is a two-layer film and a single-strip structure
  • Figure 50 is a cross-sectional view of another film bag taken along line FF of Figure 30, which is a two-layer film.
  • Figure 51 is a cross-sectional view of another film bag taken along line GG of Figure 30, which is a multilayer film and a single-segment structure
  • Figure 52 is a cross-sectional view of another film bag taken along line FF of Figure 30, a multilayer film and a single spacer structure
  • FIG. 53 is a schematic structural view of a siphon material
  • Figure 54 is a cross-sectional view of the air metal fuel cell taken along line 1A-A, wherein the siphon material is wavy;
  • Figure 55 is a schematic view of the structure of the siphon material of Figure 54;
  • Figure 56 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line 1A-A, wherein the siphon material is semi-wavy;
  • Figure 57 is a schematic structural view of the siphon material of Figure 56;
  • Figure 58 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line 1A-A, wherein the siphon material is semi-wavy;
  • Figure 59 is a schematic structural view of the siphon material of Figure 58;
  • Figure 60 is a cross-sectional view of another air metal fuel cell taken along line E-E of Figure 1, wherein the siphon material acts as an air positive electrode carrier;
  • Figure 61 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 of another air metal fuel cell, wherein the siphon material serves as an air positive electrode carrier;
  • Figure 62 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positive electrode of an air electrode, wherein a siphon material is used as an air positive electrode carrier; and Figure 63 is an enlarged view of a positive electrode of the air electrode along a region B of Figure 62; Figure 64 is an enlarged view of another air electrode positive electrode along the B area of Figure 62; Figure 65 is another enlarged view of the air electrode positive electrode along the B area of Figure 62; Figure 66 is a front view of a triangular air metal fuel cell;
  • Figure 67 is a front elevational view of a circular air metal fuel cell
  • Figure 68 is a split view of various components of a typical air metal fuel cell;
  • Figure 69 is a split view of the components of a double positive air metal fuel cell;
  • Figure 70 is an electrolyteless metal metal fuel cell
  • Figure 71 is a split view of each component of a coreless metal fuel cell;
  • Figure 72 is a split view of each component of a coreless and electrolyte type metal fuel cell;
  • 73 is a split view of each component of a metal fuel cell containing a catalyst coating;
  • Fig. 74 is a schematic structural view of a film bag (indicated with an E area enlarged);
  • Fig. 75 is a view of a diaphragm enlarged along the area of Fig. 74 Figure
  • Figure 76 is an enlarged view of another diaphragm along the area of Figure 74;
  • Figure 77 is an enlarged view of another membrane along the area of Figure 74;
  • FIG. 78 is a schematic structural view of a metal fuel cell in which a negative electrode electrolyte is dynamic
  • FIG. 79 is a schematic structural view of a metal fuel cell in which a positive electrode electrolyte is dynamic
  • FIG. 80 is a schematic structural view of a metal fuel cell in which a positive and negative electrolyte are dynamic
  • Figure 81 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal fuel cell in which a metal negative electrode is dynamic
  • Figure 82 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal fuel cell in which a metal negative electrode is rotated;
  • Figure 84 is a front elevational view of a battery pack
  • Figure 85 is a rear view of a battery pack, respectively.
  • Figure 86 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 89 in the B-B direction;
  • Figure 87 is a front elevational view of another battery pack
  • Figure 88 is a rear elevational view of another battery pack
  • Figure 89 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 84;
  • Figure 90 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 87;
  • Figure 91 is a schematic structural view of another battery pack
  • Figure 92 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 84;
  • Figure 93 is another cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 84;
  • Figure 94 is a schematic view of a metal fuel cell stack in which oxygen is supplied as oxygen;
  • Figure 95 is a schematic view of a metal fuel cell stack capable of detecting oxygen in a battery pack
  • Figure 96 is a schematic view of a metal fuel cell stack having an oxygen selective filtration membrane
  • Figure 97 is a schematic diagram of a battery in which the positive and negative phases of the battery are separated;
  • Figure 98 is a graph of a discharge experiment
  • Figure 99 is a graph of another discharge experiment.
  • Air electrode positive electrode 11. Air electrode positive electrode current collector, 12. Air electrode positive electrode tab, 13. Air electrode positive electrode output circuit, 14. Air electrode positive electrode inlet device, 15. Air electrode carrier, 16. Catalyst, 17, air electrode catalyst coating, 18, positive electrolyte pump, 182, positive electrolyte pump inlet device; 2, metal negative electrode, 21, metal negative current collector, 22, metal negative electrode, 23, metal negative Output circuit, 24, metal fuel, 25, negative electrolyte pump, 251, negative electrolyte pump inlet device, 252 negative electrolyte pump outlet device, 26, semi-solid metal fuel, 261, metal fuel chamber, 262, metal Fuel recovery chamber, 263, metal fuel discharge zone, 27, metal fuel pump, 271, metal fuel pump feeder, 272, metal fuel pump discharge, 28, metal fuel recovery pump, 281, metal fuel recovery pump feed Device, 282, metal fuel recovery pump discharge device, 29, negative rotating motor, 291, negative rotating shaft, 292, rotating dense 3, film, film bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film, 31, film bag sealing device, 32, film bag edge bonding, 33, di
  • the above fixed support device is sometimes also referred to as a battery casing and a fixed support device;
  • the siphon material is sometimes also referred to as a siphon film to high temperature antifreeze material;
  • the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film mainly refers to it as a diaphragm or includes Diaphragm, diaphragm mainly refers to the membrane material itself; shock-proof cushioning structure is sometimes called shock-proof buffer layer; hydrophobic coating material is sometimes called coating coating.
  • the typical structure of the air metal fuel cell of the present invention comprises an air electrode positive electrode 1, a metal negative electrode 2, a membrane, a membrane bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, a siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, an electrolyte 5, a core 6, The shock absorbing buffer layer 7, the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the battery case and the support fixture 10, and the above related auxiliary materials or other attachment means. But in some cases, some structures are not required.
  • the specific description is as follows: 1. The respective functions and functions of the structural components of the air metal fuel cell.
  • the positive electrode of the air electrode 1 serves as the positive electrode of the battery to provide an anion for the discharge of the battery.
  • the discharge process adsorbing oxygen in the air to the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, and catalytically converting the oxygen through the catalyst thereon into an ion form that the battery can utilize, such as oxygen ions, peroxy ions, hydroxide ions, etc.
  • the oxygen ions in the oxidant are supplied to the battery to participate in the discharge process of the battery.
  • the metal negative electrode 2 serves as a negative electrode of the battery to provide a cation for discharge of the battery. It is the part that stores the capacitance of the battery.
  • Siphon film to anti-freezing material 4 providing ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and providing electrolyte for ion operation of the positive electrode of the battery. Adjust the battery temperature to prevent the battery from overheating and low temperature, and maintain a stable working condition at normal temperature.
  • Electrolyte 5 provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and an ion-operated electrolyte for the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the core 6 stores and adsorbs the negative electrode electrolyte for the negative electrode, and maintains the close connection between the negative electrode of the battery and the electrolyte. Provide ion path to the battery to maintain battery current, voltage stability and long-lasting.
  • the shock-proof buffer layer 7 maintains a tight connection of the various components of the battery. Prevent the battery from suddenly powering off or changing the current in the event of a shock.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and provides an ion-operated electrolyte for the battery negative electrode.
  • Positive Electrolyte Electrolyte 9 provides an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and provides an electrolyte for ion operation of the positive electrode of the battery.
  • the air electrode positive electrode 1 in the structure of the air electrode positive electrode 1: there is no air electrode catalyst coating 17, and the air electrode positive electrode 1 is composed of an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, an air electrode positive electrode output line 13, and an air electrode.
  • the positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15, and the catalyst 16 are composed of six parts.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 has air electrode catalyst coatings 17 on both sides thereof, and the air electrode positive electrode 1 is composed of an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, and air.
  • the electrode positive electrode output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15, the catalyst 16, and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 are composed of seven parts.
  • a layer of air electrode catalyst coating 17 is disposed between the positive electrode inlet 14 of the air electrode and the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the air electrode positive electrode 1 is composed of an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, an air electrode positive electrode output line 13, an air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, an air electrode carrier 15, a catalyst 16, and an air electrode catalyst coating layer 17. The seven parts are composed.
  • a layer of air electrode catalyst coating 17 is disposed between the air electrode carrier 15 and the wicking film de-heating antifreeze material 4.
  • the air electrode positive electrode 1 is composed of an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, an air electrode positive electrode output line 13, an air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, an air electrode carrier 15, a catalyst 16, and an air electrode catalyst coating layer 17. The seven parts are composed.
  • Air Electrode Positive Current Collector 11 is a device for collecting the current on the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, one side is connected to the positive electrode tab 12 of the air electrode, and the collected current is led through the positive electrode tab 12 of the air electrode, One side is tightly connected to the air electrode carrier 15, and the air electrode catalyst coating 17.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be made of a metal having a high electrical conductivity such as copper, nickel, silver or lead, or a binary alloy or a multi-alloy material having a high electrical conductivity, or a carbon fiber or a carbon nano material.
  • Carbon products such as carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon rope, graphite felt, and graphite sheet are used as current collectors, and the shape may be foil, sheet, filament, fiber, mesh, coating, plating, etc., such as metal foil, metal.
  • the thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm), and greater than lm (meter) Any value within the range, or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • connection structure of the air electrode positive current collector 11 and the air electrode carrier 15 is shown in Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11, and Fig. 12.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 is tightly integrated with one side of the air electrode carrier 15, and in this connection, the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, carbon.
  • the article is tightly wrapped around one of the sides of the air electrode carrier 15. It is also possible that the filament, the fiber, the mesh metal, the alloy, and the carbon product are closely embedded in one of the sides of the air electrode carrier 15. It is also possible to apply a metal, an alloy, or a carbon product to one of the sides of the air electrode carrier 15 by coating or plating.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 can also be tightly bonded to the air electrode carrier 15 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 is tightly integrated with the four sides of the air electrode carrier 15, and in this connection, the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal or alloy.
  • the carbon products are tightly wrapped around the four sides of the air electrode carrier 15. It is also possible that the filamentous, fibrous, reticulated metal, alloy, and carbon product are intimately embedded on the four sides of the air electrode carrier 15. It is also possible to apply a metal, an alloy, or a carbon product to the four sides of the air electrode carrier 15 by coating or plating.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 can also be tightly bonded to the air electrode carrier 15 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, plating, or the like.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 is tightly integrated with one of the faces of the air electrode carrier 15, and in this connection, the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, carbon.
  • the article is tightly adhered to one of the faces of the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 and the air electrode carrier 15 are tightly connected integrally.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, or carbon product. Both faces adhered to the air electrode carrier 15 are tightly connected in one body.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 can also be tightly bonded to the air electrode carrier 15 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 is tightly integrated with one of the faces of the air electrode carrier 15, and in this connection, the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a mesh metal, alloy, or carbon product compact. It is adhered to one of the faces of the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 and the air electrode carrier 15 are tightly connected integrally.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 may be a mesh metal, an alloy, and a carbon product closely adhered to the air. Both faces of the electrode carrier 15 are tightly connected in one body. Can also be stamped, inlaid, welded, printed, clipped, cast, sprayed,
  • the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is tightly bonded to the air electrode carrier 15 by high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, or the like.
  • the mutual structural relationship between the air electrode positive current collector 11 and the air electrode carrier 15 in FIGS. 9, 10, 11, and 12 does not represent the air electrode positive current collector 11 in the inventive air metal fuel cell.
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive electrode tab 12 One end of which is connected to the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, the current collected by the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is led out from the inside of the battery, and the other end is connected to the air electrode positive electrode output line 13.
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 and the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 and the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 can be connected by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc., and the current is passed through the mutual connection.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 are derived.
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 can be made of the same material as the air electrode positive current collector 11, for example, copper, nickel, silver, lead, etc., which are made of a metal having a high electrical conductivity, and a binary alloy or a multi-alloy having a high electrical conductivity. Materials, carbon fiber, carbon nanomaterials, carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon rope, graphite felt, graphite plate and other carbon products can also be selected as the air electrode positive electrode tab 12, and the metal with high conductivity and the alloy material with high conductivity are preferred. .
  • the shape may be other shapes such as a strip shape, a sheet shape, a column shape, a line shape, and the like, and is preferably a strip shape and a column shape.
  • the thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ m (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm), greater than lm (meter) Any value within the range, or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 , the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 , and the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 may also be treated as a whole by the above-described process technology and special process technology.
  • Air electrode positive output line 13 One end is connected to the positive electrode tab 12 of the air electrode, and the other end is connected to the external load. When the battery is discharged, the current of the battery is delivered to the external load to complete the discharge reaction. . It is also possible that one end thereof is connected to the positive electrode tab 12 of the air electrode, and the other end is ready to be connected with the load of the outside, which means that the connection of the air metal fuel cell of the invention is not yet connected to the external load after the manufacture of the innovative air metal fuel cell of the present invention. , in the state of goods, storage state is not used, there is also a layer is that the battery is discharged from the external load after a period of discharge.
  • connection between the positive electrode output line 13 of the air electrode and the positive electrode tab 12 of the air electrode may be connected to the body by welding, or may be connected by a clip or a clip, or may be connected by screws or the like, for example, by stamping, printing, spraying, or the like.
  • the high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like connect the air electrode positive output line 13 to the air electrode positive electrode tab 12.
  • the air electrode positive output line 13 can be various metal wires commonly used in our daily life, such as single-strand copper core wire, single-strand aluminum core wire, double-strand copper core wire, double-strand aluminum core wire, multi-strand copper core wire, and more Aluminium core wire, which can also be a metal material with high conductivity such as copper, nickel, silver or lead. It can also be made of conductive carbon products such as carbon fiber, carbon nanomaterial, carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon rope, graphite felt, graphite plate, etc. by using binary alloy or multi-alloy material with high conductivity.
  • the shape can be strip or piece. Other shapes, such as a column shape, a column shape, a wire shape, and a filament shape, are preferably a strip shape and a column shape.
  • the thickness is 0.01 nm (nanometer) - 1 nm (nanometer), 1 nm (nanometer) - 1000 nm, 1 ⁇ m (micrometer) - 1000 ⁇ m (micrometer), 1 mm (mm) - 1000 mm
  • mm any value greater than lm (meters), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ . Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ m (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) ), any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 It is a sheet-like structure having a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a polygonal shape, and other shapes, and has a thickness of 0.01 nm (nm) - 1 nm (nm), 1 nm (nm) -1000nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micron) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micron), lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm), any value greater than lm (m), or 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ ⁇ Value.
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the spatial position of the air electrode positive air intake device 14 will be described.
  • the spatial position is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, in Fig. 1 for the air electrode positive air intake device.
  • the portions connected to the battery case and the support fixture 10 are referred to as "surroundings", "around", and "four sides".
  • the portion of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 connected to the air electrode carrier 15 in Figs. 5 and 8 is referred to as the "inside" of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14.
  • the periphery of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and the connection between the electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 and the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 is sealed to ensure that the material inside the battery does not pass from this.
  • the connection leaks out of the battery, and the material outside the battery does not penetrate into the battery from this connection.
  • the "inside” of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is tightly coupled to the air electrode carrier 15, and this combination can be tightly coupled by the action of the roller press, or can be achieved by other means. It is also possible to bond the "inside” of the positive electrode inlet device 14 of the air electrode to the air electrode carrier 15 through the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17, and then tightly combine it by the action of the roller press, or by other means.
  • the "outside” of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is in contact with the outside.
  • the "outside" is air and filtered air.
  • the “outside” is pure oxygen, liquid oxygen, gaseous oxygen, and compressed gaseous oxygen.
  • the “outside” is a material rich in oxygen such as hydrogen peroxide.
  • the "outside" is the oxidant.
  • a hydrophobic material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, paraffin or the like may be selected to form a microporous membrane layer, and oxygen in the air may enter the air electrode carrier through the micropores.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 does not evaporate, flow out, bleed out, or leak out from the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14.
  • Waterproof and breathable membranes such as PTFE waterproof and breathable membranes, waterproof and breathable fabrics, etc. can also be used directly.
  • the gas environment of the "outer" contact of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is stable, and there is no fluidity, that is, the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15 and The electrolyte on the air electrode catalyst coating 17 is not evaporated and is lost.
  • the material of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 can be selected, for example: aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, perovskite, activated carbon, absorbent cotton, defatted flax, glass fiber, carbon nano material, wheat germ powder, defatted corn germ powder, corn cob Fragments, coarse bran, soy fines, silica, vermiculite, calcium silicate, silica gel, zeolite, clay, etc.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 is an alkaline electrolyte, it is necessary to separate the carbon dioxide in the outside air of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, so that the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 A carbon dioxide barrier film is also required to prevent carbon dioxide from entering the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17.
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 may also be an oxygen selective permeable membrane, which can put oxygen in the air outside the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 into the air, and isolate other gases and substances from other gases other than oxygen. Entering into the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating 17 through the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14,
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 also needs to be provided with a layer of oxygen selective permeation membrane to prevent other gases in the air from passing through the air electrode, the positive electrode inlet device 14 and the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating. In layer 17.
  • barrier films, selective permeable membranes, etc. are not absolutely 100% capable of isolating carbon dioxide gas due to limitations in technology, equipment, and process. There may be a small amount of carbon dioxide gas that can pass through. The same is true for the separator and the selective membrane, and it is not absolutely 100% capable of isolating the gas in the air other than oxygen because of the limitations of technology, equipment and process. There may also be a small amount of gas entering, a special note here.
  • pre-filter the air outside the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 It is also possible to pre-filter the air outside the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 and to filter the air in advance. See the accessory device of the innovative air metal fuel cell of the present invention. I will not go into detail here.
  • pre-filtering the air outside the positive electrode inlet 14 of the air electrode the carbon dioxide in the air is filtered and absorbed to achieve the external conditions required by the battery.
  • a carbon dioxide separator may be provided.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the corresponding air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 is a neutral electrolyte or an acidic electrolyte
  • Carbon separator but it can also be provided with a carbon dioxide separator. It is also unnecessary to filter the air outside the air electrode anode inlet 14 to filter and absorb the carbon dioxide in the air, but it can also be used for the air electrode.
  • the air outside the positive air intake device 14 is filtered in advance to filter and absorb the carbon dioxide in the air.
  • the same environment of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is pure oxygen, liquid oxygen, gaseous oxygen, compressed gaseous oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and other oxygen-rich materials, oxidants, then the air electrode carrier 15 and air electrode catalyst coating
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the layer 17 does not need to be provided with a carbon dioxide separator on the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 whether it is alkaline, acidic or neutral, nor does it need to pre-air the air outside the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14. Filtration is carried out to filter and absorb the carbon dioxide in the air. However, the air outside the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 can also be filtered to absorb and absorb the carbon dioxide in the air.
  • the structure is porous, and the shape is rectangular, circular, polygonal, and other shapes, and the thickness thereof is 0.01 nm (nano) - 1 nm (nanometer), 1 nm (nanometer) - 1000 nm, lam (micrometer) - 1000 rn (micrometer) ), lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm), any value greater than lm (meter), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • the length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the spatial position of the air electrode carrier 15 will be described.
  • the spatial position is shown in Fig. 10, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 are The connected parts are called "four sides", "around”, “four sides”,
  • the portion of the air electrode carrier 15 that is connected to the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 in FIG. 5 is referred to as the "face" of the air electrode carrier 15, and the portion of the air electrode carrier 15 that is connected to the siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 is also referred to as The "face" of the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the portion of the air electrode carrier 15 that is connected to the air electrode catalyst coating 17 in Fig. 6 is referred to as the "face" of the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the portion of the air electrode carrier 15 that is connected to the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 in FIG. 7 is referred to as the "face" of the air electrode carrier 15, and the portion of the air electrode carrier 15 that is connected to the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is referred to as an air electrode.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 can be connected to the air electrode positive current collector 11 in a different structure.
  • the specific connection structure is described with respect to the air electrode positive current collector 11, and the air electrode carrier 15 is connected to the air electrode positive current collector 11 at the same time. It is also tightly bonded to the electrode catalyst coating 17, the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, and the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4. It is worth noting here that the air electrode carrier 15 is connected to the air electrode positive current collector 11 without affecting the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode catalyst coating 17, the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, and the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4. Tightly combined.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 is tightly coupled to the "inside" of the air electrode positive electrode inlet means 14, and this combination can be tightly coupled by the action of the roller press, or can be achieved by other means. Can also pass
  • the over-air electrode catalyst coating 17 bonds the air electrode carrier 15 to the "inside" of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, and is tightly coupled by the action of the roller press, and can also be realized by other means.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 is a carrier of the catalyst 16, is an electron conductor material, and is a porous material having a large specific surface area, by chemical deposition method, vapor deposition method, ion plating method, electrolytic plating method, spray coating method, water Thermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate, cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, The high-temperature and high-pressure spray ion plating method, the biological bacteria method, the biological fermentation method, the biological bonding method and the like process the catalyst 16 is uniformly formed on the porous surface of the air electrode carrier 15, so that the oxygen molecules are converted under the catalytic action of the catalyst 16. In the process of becoming a cation, electrons can be taken at the shortest and most effective distance.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 includes a film structure, a mesh structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, a nano material, and the like which are not limited to carbon materials and carbon materials; a mesh structure made of carbon nano materials, Foam structure, film structure, cloth structure, granular structure, powder structure, etc.; a network structure, a film structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, etc. made of a metal foam material, such as copper foam fiber, silver foam particles, etc.; A mesh structure, a foam structure, a film structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, or the like made of a metal nano material, such as copper fiber, copper fiber cloth, silver fiber cloth, silver particles, or the like.
  • chemical deposition method By chemical deposition method, vapor deposition method, ion plating method, electrolytic plating method, spray method, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate, nitric acid Cobalt and other decomposition methods, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria hair, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • micron-sized particles may appear in the actual fabrication process, and the diameter may be selected from 0.001 nm to 1000 nm, 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and nanometer-scale preference.
  • a silver catalyst, a perovskite catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, a manganese catalyst, a metal composite oxide catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, an organic metal catalyst, a metal chelate compound may be selected. Catalysts and the like.
  • Catalyst 16 is also an important component of air electrode catalyst coating 17 by chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal, normalization, microwave, and normalized microwave methods. , acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate, cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria hair, biological fermentation method
  • the catalyst 16 prepared by various methods and techniques such as the bioadhesive method is pulverized and mixed with the conductive agent porous adsorbent to form the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17.
  • Process for preparing catalyst 16 onto porous surface of air electrode carrier 15 by various method techniques 1. Pretreatment of the carrier of the air electrode carrier 15:
  • the air electrode carrier 15 of a certain size is placed in an appropriate amount of 95% ethanol, stirred well for 2 hours, the fully stirred liquid is poured out, and then a large amount of deionized water is added for washing 3 times; Clean air electrode carrier 15, the cleaned air electrode carrier 15 was placed in an oven at 40 ° C for 12 h, ready for use.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be used to form a manganese-based catalyst onto the air electrode carrier 15 by various methods.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a precipitation method.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 of a certain size is placed in a 100 mL 0.22 mol/L KMn0 4 solution at a constant temperature of 60 ° C under magnetic stirring and shaking, and then 100 ml of 0.3 mol/ The Mn(N0 3 ) 2 solution of L was slowly added dropwise to 100 mL of a 0.22 mol/L KMn0 4 solution in which the air electrode carrier 15 was placed, and the pH was adjusted to about 8 with a 0.8 mol/L KOH solution during the dropwise addition. .
  • the stirring and shaking were stopped, and the resultant was allowed to stand in a water bath at 60 ° C for 2 hours, and then washed with distilled water of the same temperature to neutrality. Finally, the air electrode carrier 15 was dried at 110 ° C and calcined at 400 ° C for 4 h.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by an electrolytic method.
  • the electrolyte temperature is 95 ⁇ 2 ° C
  • the electrolyte composition is 30 g / L H 2 S0 4 and 130 g / L MnS0 4 mixed solution
  • a certain size of the air electrode carrier 15 is added to the mixture, stirring constantly , performing electrolysis.
  • the cell bottom electrode carrier 15 was washed with deionized water to near neutrality and blasted at 80 ° C for 24 h.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced by hydrothermal method onto the air electrode carrier 15.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a normalization method.
  • 21.4g of KMn0 4 was dissolved in 700ml of deionized water and placed in the above-mentioned air electrode carrier 15 of a certain size; another 33.8g of MnS04 ⁇ ⁇ 2 0 was dissolved in 300mL of deionized water, after all dissolved, after vigorous stirring for 30min, The MnS0 4 mixed droplets were added to the KMn04 solution, and the reaction was continued for 60 minutes. After the reaction was continued for 120 minutes, it was washed with deionized water until the pH was 6-7, and the blast was dried at 80 °C for 24 hours.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a microwave method.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a normalized microwave method.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by an acetylene black reduction potassium citrate method.
  • a manganese-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a manganese nitrate decomposition method.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 Take 500ml of 50% Mn(NO 3 ) 2 solution and put it into the above-mentioned air electrode carrier 15 of a certain size, such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film, etc.; after soaking for 10 minutes, it will be filled with air.
  • the ⁇ ( ⁇ 0 3 ) 2 solution of the electrode carrier 15 is heated, and the air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film, etc. is deheated to 280 ° C - 700 ° C, temperature The rising speed does not exceed 2 ° C per minute.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 is turned while heating, until it is dried, and then the temperature is 280 ° C -700 ° C - hour, and naturally cooled to room temperature. .
  • the most suitable temperature is: For example, a Mn(N0 3 ) 2 solution in which an air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film or the like is placed is heated to 300 ° C to 350 ° C. The temperature rise rate does not exceed 2V per minute. During heating to 300 °C - 350 °C, the air electrode carrier 15 is turned while heating, until it is dried, and then the temperature is 280 ° C -700 ° C - hour.
  • an air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film or the like
  • a silver-based catalyst can be used to form a silver-based catalyst onto the air electrode carrier 15.
  • a silver-based catalyst can be formed on the air electrode carrier 15 by a deposition method.
  • a mixture of 34 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 17 g of silver nitrate was weighed and mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 to prepare a transparent aqueous solution of 10 L (concentration of silver nitrate: 0.01 mol/L).
  • Lmol/L of NaBH4 is added to the air electrode carrier 15 of a certain size and is fully immersed and stirred for 30 minutes, and an equimolar amount of silver nitrate is added dropwise.
  • 10L of liquid keep stirring and shake, after fully reacting, stir for 2h, wash, and dry in vacuum at 40 °C for 12h.
  • a composite catalyst of a silver-based catalyst or a manganese-based catalyst can be used to form a composite catalyst of a silver-based catalyst and a manganese-based catalyst, on the air electrode carrier 15.
  • a cobalt-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by taking a cobalt-based catalyst as an example.
  • a cobalt-based catalyst can be produced on the air electrode carrier 15 by a cobalt acid extraction method.
  • the Co(N0 3 ) 2 solution of the electrode carrier 15 is heated, and the position of the air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film or the like is heated to 500 ° C - 800 ° C, the temperature The rising speed does not exceed 2V per minute, and the air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film, or the like is heated to a temperature of 500 ° C - 800 ° C while being heated and flipped
  • the air electrode carrier 15 is dried until it is cooled, and the air electrode carrier 15 such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon fiber film, glass fiber film or the like is placed at a position of 500 ° C - 800 ° C - hour, and naturally cooled to room temperature.
  • a composite catalyst of a cobalt-based catalyst or a manganese-based catalyst can be used to form a composite catalyst of a cobalt-based catalyst and a manganese-based catalyst on the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the catalyst is fabricated onto the air electrode carrier 15, and the catalyst can be prepared by ion plating on the air electrode carrier 15, or by vacuum ion plating.
  • the catalyst is prepared on the air electrode carrier 15, and the catalyst can be prepared on the air electrode carrier 15 by a high-temperature vacuum ion plating method, or the catalyst can be prepared on the air electrode carrier 15 by a high-temperature high-pressure ion plating method, and a high temperature can also be used.
  • the catalyst is prepared on the air electrode carrier 15 by a high pressure spray ion plating method, and the catalyst can be formed on the air electrode carrier 15 by a high temperature high pressure spraying method, or the catalyst can be formed onto the air electrode carrier 15 by a manual spraying method.
  • nitric oxide nitrogen dioxide can be prepared into nitric acid and nitrate
  • sulfur dioxide can be prepared into sulfuric acid and sulfate.
  • the catalyst 16 is combined with the air electrode carrier 15 by various process techniques described above to form an oxygen-assisted structure and an auxiliary material on the air electrode positive electrode 1 which is inseparable and integrated.
  • the catalyst 16 includes, without limitation, a silver-based catalyst, a perovskite-type catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a palladium-based catalyst, a manganese-based catalyst, a metal composite oxide catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, an organic metal catalyst, a cobalt-based catalyst, and a metal chelate catalyst. , catalysts such as silver catalysts.
  • the air electrode carrier 15 includes a film structure, a mesh structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, a nano material, and the like which are not limited to carbon materials and carbon materials; a mesh structure made of carbon nano materials, Foam structure, film structure, cloth structure, granular structure, powder structure, etc.; a network structure, a film structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, etc. made of a metal foam material, such as copper foam fiber, silver foam particles, etc.; A mesh structure, a foam structure, a film structure, a cloth structure, a particle structure, a powder structure, or the like made of a metal nano material, such as copper fiber, copper fiber cloth, silver fiber cloth, silver particles, or the like.
  • these catalysts are combined with the air electrode carrier 15 by various process techniques described above to form an oxygen-assisted structure and an auxiliary material on the inseparable and integral air electrode positive electrode 1.
  • the thickness of the air electrode catalyst coating 17 between the air electrode carrier 15 and the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15 and the absorption iris 4 is 0.01 nm (nm) - 1 nm (nm), 1 nm (nm) -1000nm, 1 rn (micron) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micron), lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm), any value in the range of more than lm (m), or in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ ⁇ value.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating 17 increases the catalytic activity of the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, increases the tightness between the air electrode carrier 15 and the positive electrode inlet device 14 of the air electrode, and increases the air electrode carrier 15 and the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the wick film. Closeness.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 is pulverized by the catalyst 16 and mixed with a conductive agent porous adsorbent in water to form a paste or a slurry.
  • the catalyst 16 may be pulverized and mixed with a conductive agent and a porous adsorbent positive electrode electrolyte 9 . It is creamy and muddy.
  • the catalyst 16 may be pulverized and mixed with a solvent of a conductive agent or a porous adsorbent positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a paste or a slurry.
  • the conductive agent material constituting the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may be selected, for example, graphite (ks-6), carbon black (KB), acetylene black (AB), metal fiber, metal powder, vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), carbon nanotube. CNTs, etc.
  • the porous adsorbent material constituting the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may be selected from the group consisting of alumina, perovskite, activated carbon, absorbent cotton, defatted flax, glass fiber, carbon nanomaterial, and the like.
  • the mass ratio between the catalyst 16 and the conductive agent and the porous adsorbent is X: Y: Z.
  • X is a positive number greater than 0
  • Y is a positive number greater than 0
  • Z is a positive number greater than zero.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may also be pulverized by the catalyst 16 and mixed with a conductive agent, a pore adsorbent, and a binder to form a paste or a slurry, or may be pulverized by the catalyst 16 and a conductive agent.
  • the porous adsorbent 9 is mixed with a positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a paste or a slurry.
  • the catalyst 16 may be pulverized and mixed with a solvent of a conductive agent or a porous adsorbent positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a paste or a slurry.
  • the conductive agent material constituting the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may be selected, for example, graphite (ks-6), carbon black (KB), acetylene black (AB), metal fiber, metal powder, vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), carbon nanotube. CNTs, etc.
  • the porous adsorbent material constituting the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may be selected, for example, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, perovskite, activated carbon, absorbent cotton, defatted flax, glass fiber, carbon nano material, wheat germ powder, defatted corn germ powder, Corn cob pieces, coarse bran, soy fines, silica, vermiculite, calcium silicate, silica gel, zeolite, clay, etc.
  • the binder material constituting the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 may be selected from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and polyolefin (PP, PE, and other copolymers). ()), PVDF/NMP, modified SBR rubber with good bonding properties, fluorinated rubber, polyurethane and so on.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • CMC sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
  • PP polyolefin
  • PVDF/NMP modified SBR rubber with good bonding properties
  • fluorinated rubber fluorinated rubber
  • polyurethane polyurethane and so on.
  • the mass ratio between the catalyst 16 and the conductive agent, the porous adsorbent, and the binder is X: Y: Z: W.
  • X is a positive number greater than
  • Y is a positive number greater than
  • Z is a positive number greater than
  • W is a positive number greater than 0.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating 17 can also be made by the following method:
  • the catalyst 16 is formed into a porous adsorbent by various methods, and then mixed with a conductive agent or a binder to form a paste or a slurry.
  • the catalyst 16 can be fabricated onto a porous adsorbent using the following various techniques and techniques for the preparation of the catalyst 16 to the air electrode carrier 15.
  • the air electrode is difficult to make to the air electricity 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇
  • Some chemicals increase the porous structure and catalytic activity of the catalyst coating, and may be selected from at least one of sodium chloride, sucrose, fructose, ammonium oxalate, sodium thiosulfate and the like.
  • the seal is opened, and it is taken out from the soaked catalyst precursor solution or the suspension, and evenly flattened into the flat enamel plate or the tray of the glass plate.
  • the activated carbon is selected as the adsorbent, and graphene and acetylene black are selected as the conductive agent.
  • the catalyst coating is composed of a catalyst, a porous adsorbent, a conductive agent, a dispersant and a binder. There are various methods for preparing the catalyst coating:
  • the catalyst is selected from one or more of a silver catalyst, a perovskite catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, a manganese catalyst, a metal composite oxide catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, an organic metal catalyst, and a metal chelate catalyst.
  • the adsorbent is selected from one or more of activated carbon, activated alumina, molecular sieve, silica gel;
  • the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of acetylene black, graphene, graphite powder, carbon black, super carbon black, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polypyrrole, One or more of polythiophene and metal powder;
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, fatty acid metal salt (sodium fatty acid, potassium fatty acid, etc.), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethacrylic acid One or more of methyl ester, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl pyridine, polystyrene, or derivatives or copolymers thereof;
  • the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, ethyl cellulose, water, and fatty acids.
  • the catalyst is separately prepared, and then the prepared catalyst is directly mixed with a porous adsorbent, a conductive agent, a dispersing agent and a binder.
  • the precursor of the catalyst is mixed with the porous adsorbent, the conductive agent and the dispersing agent to prepare a solution or a suspension, and then the catalyst is directly distributed to the adsorbent and the conductive agent by the method for preparing the catalyst, so that the three are combined.
  • the catalyst is distributed to the adsorbent and the conductive agent in a nanometer size (wherein the dispersant is released in the form of gas or vapor during the process of preparing the catalyst, or is decomposed into a gas to be released), and then the adsorbent and the conductive agent are used.
  • the catalyst and the catalyst distributed on the adsorbent and the conductive agent are mixed with a binder and a dispersing agent to form a catalyst coating layer.
  • the precursor of the catalyst is mixed with the porous adsorbent and the dispersing agent to prepare a solution or a suspension, and then the catalyst is directly distributed to the adsorbent by the method of preparing the catalyst, so that the two are combined, and the catalyst is nanometer.
  • the size of the grade is distributed to the adsorbent, and the precursor of the catalyst is mixed with the conductive agent and the dispersing agent to prepare a solution or a suspension, and then the catalyst is directly distributed to the conductive agent by the method of preparing the catalyst, so that the two are combined.
  • the catalyst is distributed to the conductive agent in a nanometer size (wherein the dispersant is released as a gas or vapor during the process of preparing the catalyst, or is decomposed into a gas to be released), and then the two of the above are respectively
  • the catalyst-dispersing adsorbent and the adsorbent are mixed with a binder and a dispersant to form a catalyst coating. 4.
  • some chemicals may be added to increase the porous structure and catalytic activity of the catalyst coating. Alternatively, at least: sodium chloride, sucrose, fructose, ammonium oxalate, sodium thiosulfate, etc. One.
  • (4-1) preparing a solution or a suspension by mixing and dispersing a precursor of the catalyst with at least one of a porous adsorbent, a conductive agent, a dispersing agent, and the above-mentioned chemical substance, and then using the catalyst to prepare a catalyst It is directly distributed to the adsorbent and the conductive agent, and then the adsorbent, the conductive agent, and the catalyst distributed on the adsorbent and the conductive agent are mixed with a binder to form a catalyst coating.
  • the production method can be -
  • the air electrode carrier is removed from the immersed catalyst precursor solution or the suspension, and evenly flattened into the flat enamel disk or the glass disk tray.
  • the precursor of the catalyst is mixed with a porous adsorbent or a dispersing agent to prepare a solution or a suspension, and the precursor of the catalyst (4-5-3) is mixed with a conductive agent and a dispersing agent to prepare a solution.
  • Solution or suspension The precursor of the catalyst is mixed with a porous adsorbent or a dispersing agent to prepare a solution or a suspension, and the precursor of the catalyst (4-5-3) is mixed with a conductive agent and a dispersing agent to prepare a solution.
  • the firing process is complete. After the above firing process, the catalyst coating has been fired onto the air electrode carrier. 5, repeated firing
  • the above-mentioned fired air electrode carrier (the catalyst coating has been fired onto the air electrode carrier) is re-soaked into the catalyst precursor solution or sealed in the suspension for a certain period of time, 1-100 hours, preferably 12- After 24 hours, the process of (4-4) to (4-8) is repeated, and the catalyst coating is fired onto the air electrode carrier to complete the secondary firing, and the same repeated firing can be performed.
  • the catalyst coating is fired onto the air electrode carrier.
  • 3K carbon cloth material was selected as the air electrode carrier, manganese dioxide was selected as the catalyst, manganese nitrate solution (50%) was selected as the catalyst precursor, and the catalyst manganese dioxide was fixedly distributed on the air electrode carrier.
  • Example - The process of preparing a manganese dioxide catalyst by selecting a manganese nitrate solution (50%) as a catalyst precursor:
  • (A) Structural features It consists of a metal anode current collector 21, a metal anode tab 22, a metal anode output line 23, a metal fuel 24, and the like.
  • a means for collecting the current on the metal negative electrode 2 is connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22 on one side, and the collected current is led through the metal negative electrode tab 22.
  • the other side is intimately coupled to the metal fuel 24, and the metal anode current collector 21 can be tightly joined to the metal fuel 24 by means of stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 can be connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22 by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 may be made of a metal having a high electrical conductivity such as copper, nickel, silver or lead, or a binary alloy having a high electrical conductivity, a multi-alloy material, or a carbon fiber, a carbon nanomaterial or a carbon.
  • Carbon products such as cloth, carbon paper, carbon rope, graphite felt, graphite plate, etc. as a current collector, the shape may be foil, sheet, filament, fiber, mesh, coating, plating, etc., such as metal foil, metal sheet , wire, metal fiber, metal mesh, metal coating, metal plating, alloy foil, alloy sheet, alloy wire, alloy fiber, alloy mesh, alloy coating, alloy plating, etc.
  • the thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm), greater than lm (m) Any value within the range, or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ ⁇ can also be selected.
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) ), any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • connection structure of the metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 is shown in Fig. 14, Fig. 15, Fig. 16, Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20, Fig. 21
  • the metal anode current collector 21 is tightly integrated with one side of the metal fuel 24, and in this connection, the metal anode current collector 21 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, or carbon product compact. Wrapped on one of the sides of the metal fuel 24. It is also possible that the filament, the fibrous, the mesh-like metal, the alloy, and the carbon product are closely embedded in one of the sides of the metal fuel 24. It is also possible to apply a metal, an alloy, or a carbon product to one side of the air metal fuel 24 by coating or plating.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 can also be tightly bonded to the metal fuel 24 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, sandwiching, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • Figures 15 and 16 are cross-sectional views in the direction of Fig. 14H-H.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is closely connected to one side of the metal fuel 24, and the metal negative electrode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 in this connection structure are the same in structure.
  • a metal negative current collector 21 is embedded inside the metal fuel 24, and this connection structure can be applied to the battery of Figs. 22 and 23, in the battery of this embodiment, a metal negative electrode 2 is provided in the center of the battery, There is one air electrode positive electrode 1 on each side, so that the two air electrode positive electrodes 1 share a metal negative electrode 2. See below for a detailed introduction.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is tightly integrated with four sides of the metal fuel 24, and in this connection, the metal negative electrode current collector 21 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, carbon product compact.
  • the package is on the four sides of the metal fuel 24.
  • the filamentous, fibrous, reticulated metal, alloy, and carbon product are intimately embedded on the four sides of the metal fuel 24.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 can also be tightly bonded to the metal fuel 24 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high pressure high temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 is tightly integrated with one surface of the metal fuel 24, and in this connection, the metal anode current collector 21 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, or carbon product compact. Stick to one of the faces of the metal fuel 24.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 are tightly connected in both sides.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 may be a foil-like, sheet-like metal, alloy, or carbon product closely adhered to the metal. Both sides of the fuel 24 are tightly connected One.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 can also be tightly bonded to the metal fuel 24 by means of stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, pinching, casting, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is tightly integrated with one surface of the metal fuel 24, and in this connection, the metal negative electrode current collector 21 may be a mesh metal, an alloy, and a carbon product closely adhered to the metal.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 are tightly connected in both sides.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 may be a mesh metal, an alloy, and a carbon product closely adhered to the metal fuel 24. Both sides are tightly connected in one.
  • the metal negative current collector 21 can also be tightly bonded to the metal fuel 24 by stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, sandwiching, casting, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is closely connected to one surface of the metal fuel 24, and the metal negative electrode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 in Fig. 19 have the same structure.
  • a metal negative current collector 21 is embedded inside the metal fuel 24, and this connection structure can be applied to the battery of Figs. 22 and 23, in the battery of this embodiment, a metal negative electrode 2 is provided in the center of the battery, There is one air electrode positive electrode 1 on each side, so that the two air electrode positive electrodes 1 share a metal negative electrode 2. See below for a detailed introduction.
  • the mutual structural relationship between the empty metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 in FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 19, FIG. 20, FIG. 21 does not represent the innovation of the present invention.
  • the mutual structural relationship between the hollow metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 of the air metal fuel cell is only these kinds, and the metal anode current collector 21 and the metal fuel 24 are connected in a certain structural relationship, and the air metal of the invention is innovative.
  • the invention of a fuel cell Within the scope of the invention of a fuel cell.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 , the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 , and the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 may also be treated as a whole by the above-described process technology and special process technology.
  • One end is connected to the metal anode current collector 21, the current collected by the metal anode current collector 21 is led out from the inside of the battery, and the other end is connected to the metal negative output line 23, and the metal negative electrode tab 22 can be punched, stamped, printed, Spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like are connected to the metal anode current collector 21 and the metal anode output line 23, thereby effectively discharging current from the metal fuel 24.
  • the material inside the battery can be effectively blocked in the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10. The battery is sealed.
  • the metal negative electrode tab 22 may be made of the same material as the metal negative electrode current collector 21, for example, a metal having a high electrical conductivity such as copper, nickel, silver or lead, or a binary alloy or a multi-alloy material having a high electrical conductivity. Carbon products such as carbon fiber, carbon nanomaterial, carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon rope, graphite felt, and graphite plate can also be selected as the metal negative electrode tab 22, and a metal having high electrical conductivity and an alloy material having high electrical conductivity are preferred.
  • the shape may be other shapes such as a strip shape, a sheet shape, a column shape, a line shape, and the like, and is preferably a strip shape and a column shape.
  • the thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 m (micrometer) -1000 rn (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm), and greater than lm (meter) range Any value within the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ ⁇ can also be selected. Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nano), Lnm (nanometer) -1000nm, 1 u rn (micron) - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (micron), lmm (mm) -1000mm
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • the connection is intended to mean that the innovative air metal fuel cell of the present invention has not been connected to the external load after being manufactured. In the commodity state, the storage state is not used, and the other layer means that the battery is disconnected from the external load after being discharged for a period of time.
  • the metal negative output line 23 and the metal negative electrode tab 22 may be connected to each other by soldering, or may be connected by clips or clips, or may be connected by screws or the like.
  • the metal negative output line 23 can be connected to the metal negative current collector 21 and the metal negative electrode 22 by means of punching, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc., thereby effectively discharging the current on the metal fuel 24.
  • the metal negative output line 23 can be various metal wires commonly used in our daily life, such as single-strand copper conductor, single-strand aluminum conductor, double-strand copper conductor, double-strand aluminum conductor, multi-strand copper conductor, and more
  • the aluminum core wire may also be a metal material having high electrical conductivity such as copper, nickel, silver or lead, or a binary alloy or a multi-alloy material having high electrical conductivity, or carbon fiber, carbon nano material or carbon.
  • the thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ m (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ m (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm
  • mm any value greater than lm (meters), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ . Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ m (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) ), any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • metal fuel 24 which is a sheet-like structure, a powdery structure, a columnar structure, a paste-like structure, and has a shape of a rectangle, a circle, a polygon, or the like, and has a thickness greater than O.Olnm (nanometer). Any value, depending on the battery usage and battery capacity, its thickness is O.OOlnm (nm) -lnm (nm), lnm
  • the metal fuel 24 is located in the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, the left and right edges of the metal fuel 24 and the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 Membrane
  • the bag edge bonding portions 32 are adjacent to each other, which means that the left and right edges of the metal fuel 24 and the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the two film bag edge bonding portions 32 of the bioactive film 3 may be in contact with each other. It may be non-contacting, and there is a certain distance between which the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 are filled.
  • the left and right edges of the above-mentioned metal fuel 24 are referred to as metal fuel 24 "left" and "right".
  • the lower edge of the metal fuel 24 is adjacent to the bottom of the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3, adjacent to the lower edge of the metal fuel 24 and the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • the bottom may be in contact or non-contact, and there is a certain distance between the contacts, and in this distance, the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrolyte 8 are filled.
  • the lower edge of the above-mentioned metal fuel 24 is referred to as a metal fuel 24 "lower side".
  • the upper edge of the metal fuel 24 is adjacent to the membrane bag sealing device 31 of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, and adjacently means the upper edge of the metal fuel 24 and the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pouch,
  • the membrane bag sealing device 31 of the bioactive film 3 may be in contact or not in contact, and if there is no contact, there is a certain distance therebetween, in which the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 are filled.
  • the upper edge of the above-mentioned metal fuel 24 is referred to as a metal fuel 24 "upper side".
  • the portion of the metal fuel 24 connected to the electrolyte 5 in Figs. 2 and 3 is referred to as the "face” of the metal fuel 24, and the portion of the metal fuel 24 connected to the core 6 is also referred to as the "face” of the metal fuel 24.
  • the portion where the metal fuel 24 is connected to the electrolyte 5 is referred to as the "face” of the metal fuel 24, and the portion where the metal fuel 24 is connected to the electrolyte 5 is also referred to as the "face” of the metal fuel 24,
  • the amount of metal fuel 24 in the structure is connected to the electrolyte 5.
  • the center of the battery has a metal negative electrode 2, and each side of the battery has an air electrode positive electrode 1, so that the two air electrode positive electrodes 1 share a metal negative electrode 2.
  • the metal fuel 24 is adjacent to one surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, the metal fuel 24 and the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • a portion of the inner side adjacent to the surface is referred to as a "face” of the metal fuel 24, and a portion where the metal fuel 24 is connected to the core 6 is also referred to as a "face" of the metal fuel 24.
  • Adjacent means that the upper edge of the metal fuel 24 may be in contact with a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, or a surface of the bioactive film 3, or may be non-contact. If there is no contact, there is a certain relationship between them. The distance, at this distance, is filled with the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • Fig. 26 and Fig. 27 the portion where the metal fuel 24 is connected to the electrolyte 5 is referred to as the "face" of the metal fuel 24, and the surface of the metal fuel 24 and the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 are shown. Adjacent, the portion of the metal fuel 24 adjacent to one side of the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 is also referred to as the "face" of the metal fuel 24.
  • Adjacent means that the upper edge of the metal fuel 24 may be in contact with a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, or a surface of the bioactive film 3, or may be non-contact. If there is no contact, there is a certain relationship between them. The distance, at this distance, is filled with the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the metal fuel 24 is adjacent to one surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, the metal fuel 24 and the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • the inner side of one face is referred to as the "face” of the metal fuel 24, and the metal fuel 24 is adjacent to the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the other side of the bioactive film 3, the metal fuel 24 and the film,
  • the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the adjacent portion of the other side of the bioactive film 3 are also referred to as the "face" of the metal fuel 24.
  • Adjacent means that the upper edge of the metal fuel 24 may be in contact with a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, or a surface of the bioactive film 3, or may be non-contact. If there is no contact, there is a certain relationship between them. The distance, at this distance, is filled with the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the metal fuel 24 can be connected to the metal anode current collector 21 in a different structural manner.
  • the empty metal fuel 24 is connected to the metal anode current collector 21, and also to the electrolyte 5.
  • the core 6, the electrolyte 8, the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 are tightly bonded. It is worth noting here that the metal fuel 24 is connected to the metal anode current collector 21 without affecting the metal fuel 24 and the electrolyte 5, the core 6, the electrolyte 8, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3. Tightly combined.
  • the metal fuel 24 is tightly combined with the electrolyte 5. This combination can be applied to the "face" of the metal fuel 24 first, dried, and then tightly combined by the action of the roller press, or can be realized by other means. . After the metal fuel 24 is tightly bonded to the electrolyte 5, the core 6, the electrolyte 8, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3, the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is filled in the space between them.
  • the metal fuel 24 is the storage portion of the entire battery capacity, and the effective weight and effective volume of the metal fuel 24 is the key to the energy density of the battery.
  • metal elements such as metal zinc Zn, magnesium Mg, aluminum A1, iron Fe, lead Pb, sodium Na, potassium, calcium Ga, etc.
  • metal elements such as metal zinc Zn, magnesium Mg, aluminum A1, iron Fe, lead Pb, sodium Na, potassium, calcium Ga, etc.
  • One, two or more kinds of alloys such as magnesium aluminum alloy, lead calcium iron alloy, magnesium aluminum iron manganese alloy. It may also be one of two metals, two or more alloys made of non-metallic elements, carbon zinc alloy, carbon iron tin alloy, silicon aluminum magnesium calcium alloy, and the like.
  • These metals, alloy sheets, rods, granules, powders, foams, porous, fibers, filaments, nano-sized metal materials, nano-alloyed alloy materials, and the like can be selected.
  • the metal fuel 24 can be made into a block-shaped battery according to different materials, actual needs and conditions, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a round cake, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, and the like. It can be made into a soft semi-solid battery, and it can also be made into a dynamic battery with fluidity.
  • Structural features are constituted by a film bag sealing device 31, a film bag edge bonding portion 32, a separator 33, a separator 34, a coating film coating material 35, a coating film coating material B36, and the like.
  • the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are in the shape of a bag, and one of the edges is open.
  • This edge is called a membrane, a membrane bag, a bioactive membrane bag, and a bioactive membrane 3"
  • the mouth “or” opening, the opposite edge of the "mouth” is sealed, this edge is called the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pocket, the "bottom” of the bioactive membrane 3, and the other two edges are also sealed
  • These two edges are called membranes, membrane pockets, bioactive membrane pockets, "left side” and “right side” of bioactive membrane 3.
  • the inside of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are provided with a metal negative electrode 2, a metal negative electrode current collector 21, a metal negative electrode tab 22, a metal negative electrode output line 23, and an electrolyte 5, a core 6, and a negative electrode.
  • the electrolyte 8, that is, the negative electrode material of the battery, is placed in a membrane, a membrane bag, a bioactive membrane bag, a bioactive membrane 3, a membrane, a membrane pouch, a bioactive membrane pouch, a surface of the bioactive membrane 3, and a siphon membrane.
  • the high temperature antifreeze material is in contact with 4, and the other side is in contact with the shockproof buffer layer 7, film, membrane bag, biological activity
  • the two sides of the membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 can be simultaneously contacted with the siphon membrane high temperature antifreeze material 4, and the structure is shown in Fig. 22 and Fig. 23.
  • the diaphragm 33 and the spacer 34 are formed into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, a film, a film bag, according to a change in actual needs and conditions, with a certain size, thickness, and different film forming materials and shapes.
  • the bioactive film bag and the bioactive film 3 may be a single layer film bag, may be a double layer film bag, may be a multilayer film bag, may be a single layer film, may be a double layer film, or may be a multilayer film.
  • the thickness of the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 are also different for a large battery such as a battery.
  • membranes membrane bags, bioactive membrane bags, and bioactive membranes 3, different materials, properties, and structures may be selected depending on actual needs and conditions.
  • a film of a material such as a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a glass fiber separator, or a PVC separator may be used.
  • an organic film, an inorganic film, a fiber film or the like may be used.
  • biofilms such as bioactive membranes, bioselective membranes, and bacterial microbial biofilms can also be selected.
  • the operation characteristic is that the battery positive and negative air electrode positive electrode 1 metal negative electrode 2 are separated, and no direct contact is made to maintain the stability of the electrolyte electrolyte environment around the metal negative electrode 2.
  • Molecular substances such as moisture on the positive electrode side are not allowed to enter the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane pouch, or the bioactive membrane 3, and the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 are not allowed to be contained.
  • the molecular substance overflows and leaks, and the ions can pass freely, avoiding corrosion of the metal negative electrode 2 and accelerating self-discharge of the battery.
  • the substances in the membrane bag are not in the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, or the biological activity except for the electric current.
  • the opening of the film 3 enters and exits.
  • the battery is disposable.
  • the film bag sealing device 31 directly seals the opening of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag and the biologically active film 3 with a sealant.
  • the sealing material can be selected: epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester Resin, phenolic resin, polyacrylic acid resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and the like. It can also be sealed by hot melt.
  • the battery bag is used repeatedly.
  • the film bag sealing device 31 is a clip, a clip, and a double-sided glue sample. After the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the negative electrode material in the bioactive film 3 are discharged, the battery can be opened.
  • the film bag sealing device 31 takes out the negative electrode product in the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3, and replaces it with a new negative electrode.
  • the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 are formed by sealing the "bottom portion", “left side portion” and “right side portion” of two or more sheets of the separator 33 into a bag shape.
  • the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 may also be at least one septum 33, at least one septum 34, at the "bottom”, “left side”, “right side” of the septum 33, septum 34. Sealed and made into a bag shape.
  • Membrane, membrane bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3 "bottom”"leftside”"rightside” is the part of the film bag edge bonding part 32,
  • the "bottom”, “left side” and “right side” of the diaphragm 33 may be sealed with a sealant, glue, or the like, or may be sealed by hot melt, hot pressing, or cold pressing, or may be directly produced in the diaphragm.
  • a sealant glue, or the like
  • hot melt hot pressing
  • cold pressing cold pressing
  • sealing can be performed by using a sealant, glue, or the like, and hot melt, hot pressing, or cold pressing can be used.
  • the seal can also be directly formed into a bag shape when the separator 33 and the separator 34 are produced, such that the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the "bottom portion” of the bioactive film 3 "left side portion” "This is called a film bag edge bonding portion 32.
  • nm nm (nanometer)
  • 1 nm nanometer
  • 1 rn micrometer
  • lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm) any value greater than lm (m), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the separator 33 has a porous structure, and ions in the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the battery can freely pass through the separator 33, and the separator 33 is a main material constituting the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3. .
  • the basic structure of the film formation, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 is produced. At least one membrane 33, at least one septum 34, is sealed at the "bottom", “left side” and “right side” of the diaphragm 33 and the separator 34 to form a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and biological activity.
  • the separator 33 may vary in size, thickness, and film forming material and shape depending on the actual needs and conditions of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3.
  • a film of a material such as a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a glass fiber separator, or a PVC separator may be used.
  • a film of an organic film, an inorganic film, a fiber film or the like may be used.
  • biofilms such as bioactive membranes, bioselective membranes, and bacterial microbial biofilms can also be selected.
  • the diaphragm 33 can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene film, polypropylene film, glass fiber separator, and PVC separator.
  • Fig. 31 and Fig. 32 the basic structure of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 is sealed by "bottom", “left side” and “right side” of the two separators 33.
  • This film bag is called a single layer film bag.
  • Fig. 36 and Fig. 37 the basic structure of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 is sealed by "bottom", “left side” and “right side” of the four separators 33.
  • the seed bag is called a double film bag.
  • Fig. 45 and Fig. 46 the basic structure of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 is sealed by "bottom", “left side” and “right side” of the six separators 33.
  • the seed bag is called a three-layer film bag or a multi-layer film bag.
  • nm nm (nanometer)
  • 1 nm nanometer
  • 1 rn micrometer
  • lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm) any value greater than lm (m), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the separator 34 is a material constituting the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3, and will at least A piece of diaphragm 33, at least one piece of spacer 34, is sealed at the "bottom portion", "left side portion” and “right side portion” of the diaphragm 33 and the spacer 34 to form a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a bioactive film 3
  • the basic structure is a material constituting the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the spacers 34 may vary in size, thickness, and film forming material and shape depending on the actual needs and conditions of the film, film bag, bioactive film bag, and bioactive film 3.
  • the spacer 34 can be selected from materials such as tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polyvinyl chloride, ABS, and the like.
  • a piece of diaphragm 33 and a piece of spacer 34 are used to seal the "bottom portion", "left side portion” and "right side portion” into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a bioactive film 3
  • This film bag is called a single layer single mask bag.
  • Fig. 36 and Fig. 37 two sheets 33 and a piece of spacer 34 are used to seal the "bottom", "left side” and "right side” into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a bioactive film.
  • the basic structure of 3, this membrane bag is called a double-layer single-mask bag.
  • Fig. 45 and Fig. 46 two sheets 33 and a piece of spacer 34 are used to seal the "bottom", "left side” and "right side” into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a bioactive film.
  • the basic structure of 3, this membrane bag is called a three-layer single-mask bag or a multi-layer single-mask bag.
  • hydrophobic materials for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, paraffin, lipid esters, vegetable oil, animal oil, oil, kerosene, diesel, gasoline, vegetable oil, animal oil, butter, butter, cooking oil, etc. .
  • the coating film coatings 35 can be melted at a certain temperature, the liquid does not need to be melted, and then selectively sprayed onto the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the living body.
  • the diaphragm 33 of the active membrane 3 On the corresponding portion of the diaphragm 33 of the active membrane 3.
  • One, two or more of the coating film coatings 35 may be melted at a certain temperature, the liquid does not need to be melted, and then selectively fumigated to the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biological activity.
  • the membrane 33 of the membrane 3 On the corresponding portion of the membrane 33 of the membrane 3.
  • the liquid does not need to be melted, and then selectively soak into the film, the film bag, and the biological activity by the soaking method.
  • the membrane pocket, the corresponding portion of the membrane 33 of the bioactive membrane 3 is placed.
  • the film, membrane bag, bioactive film bag, bio-active film 3 (hybrid) new structure, new material is an effective solution for many of the worldwide problems encountered in the development of current metal fuel cells.
  • the film is coated, immersed, smoked, brushed, and synthesized into the membrane 33, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the membrane 33 of the bioactive membrane 3 by various process techniques described above, which is called coating coating. Coating 35.
  • the coating film coating material 35 may be a material which is easily compatible with the separator 33 and which is easily immersed.
  • the coating film coating composition 35 can be selectively formed into the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the separator 33 of the bioactive film 3 by various process techniques described above.
  • the most important thing is to combine the coating film coating 35 and the separator 33 by using various process technologies as described above to form an inseparable and seamless film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and an auxiliary on the biologically active film 3. Structure and auxiliary materials.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to the outside of the single-layer film bag, which is referred to as an overcoat layer.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to a single layer film bag, which is referred to as an undercoat layer.
  • the outer and inner layers of the single-layer film bag are coated with a coating film coating 35, which is referred to as an outer coating.
  • the coating film coating 35 appears to adhere to the separator 33, but actually, the coating coating 35 is immersed in the separator 33 and immersed in the pores of the membrane 33.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to the middle of the two-layer diaphragm 33 of the two-layer film bag.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag, the inside of the double film bag, and the outside of the double film bag.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag, the inside of the double film bag.
  • the coating film coating 35 is applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag and the outside of the double film bag.
  • the coating film coating material B 36 and the coating film coating material 35 have the same structure, and different numbers are provided for the purpose of indicating that the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the separator 33 of the bioactive film 3 are coated with a separator.
  • the coating can also be coated with one layer, two layers and multiple layers.
  • the coated barrier material can be the same or a different material.
  • a separator coating of a different material may be applied to different faces of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the membrane 33 of the bioactive membrane 3.
  • a coating film coating material 35 is applied in the middle of the two-layer diaphragm 33, and a coating film coating material 36 is applied.
  • a film coating coating 35 is applied on the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the separator 33 in the bioactive film 3 in the middle of the two-layer diaphragm 33.
  • the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the separator 33 on the outer surface of the bioactive film 3 are coated with a coating film coating material 36 on the middle of the film bag two-layer separator 33.
  • a coating film coating material 35 is applied in the middle of the two-layer diaphragm 33, and then a coating film coating material 36 is applied, and the coating film coating material 35 is applied. Inside the double membrane bag and outside the double membrane bag.
  • Other shapes such as a sheet, a strip, a rectangle, a strip, a polygon, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a polygon, etc., having a thickness of 0.01 nm (nanometer) - 1 nm (nanometer), 1 nm (nanometer) - 1000 nm, 1 rn (micron) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micron), lmm
  • mm -1000mm (mm), any value greater than lm (m), or ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ ⁇ value.
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm
  • the shape of the cross section may be a regular rectangle, such as Fig. 13, Fig. 53.
  • the shape of the cross section may be wavy, and the shape is the same as that of the asbestos tile and the color steel tile.
  • the shape of the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 can increase the film, the film bag, and the bioactive film bag.
  • the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4 is asbestos tile
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15, and the air electrode catalyst coating 17 on the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode in contact therewith will be It becomes curved and wavy. This increases the surface area of the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode.
  • the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane 3 and the electrolyte 7 also become curved and wavy, which increases the surface area of the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane 3 and the electrolyte 7.
  • a part of the siphon membrane siphoning end 41 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode by the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92.
  • the junction of the electrolyte storage chamber 91 is sealed.
  • the thickness, size and shape of the siphon membrane to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 can also be determined according to actual needs and conditions.
  • the advantage of this structure is that the liquid electrolyte of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is maintained, and it exists in a solid state or a semi-solid state, and can be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 It is well integrated and connected, and at the same time maintains a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, which greatly reduces and saves the use of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and reduces the cost. , the operating state of the electrolyte is stabilized, and the volume and weight of the battery are reduced.
  • the thickness, size and shape of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film are changed, thereby adjusting the supply quantity and the supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and controlling the stability of the adjustment current amount, and the film,
  • the membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag and bioactive membrane 3 fully solve the problem of excessive battery temperature, expansion and self-ignition under the condition of matching the membrane, ensuring that the battery is perfected in a normal temperature mode under high and low temperature conditions.
  • the cross-sectional shape may be a half-wavy shape with a wavy shape on one side and a flat side on the other side, such as Fig. 56, Fig. 57, Fig. 58, Fig. 59.
  • the shape of the wicking film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 can also increase the indirect contact area between the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3 and the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode.
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 since the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4 has a half wave shape, the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the air electrode carrier 15, and the air on the air electrode positive electrode 1 which is in contact with the wavy side thereof.
  • the electrode catalyst coating 17 becomes curved and wavy. This increases the surface area of the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode.
  • the thickness, size and shape of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film are changed, thereby adjusting the supply quantity and the supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and controlling the stability of the adjustment current amount, and the film,
  • the membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag and bioactive membrane 3 fully solve the problem of excessive battery temperature, expansion and self-ignition under the condition of matching the membrane, ensuring that the battery is perfected in a normal temperature mode under high and low temperature conditions.
  • siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4 is immersed in the positive electrode electrolyte chamber 91 in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, which is referred to as a siphon film siphon end 41.
  • a portion is sandwiched between the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane 3 and the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, which is referred to as the siphon membrane ion terminal 42.
  • Siphon film to high temperature antifreeze material 4 can be: Material with adsorption capacity and capillary structure: For example: polyethylene film, polypropylene film, glass fiber separator, PVC diaphragm and other materials. Foam nano carbon, cotton wool, linen, etc.
  • the siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 can replace the air electrode carrier 15 on the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, as shown in Fig. 60, Fig. 61, Fig. 62, Fig. 63, Fig. 64, Fig. 65.
  • Black reduction potassium permanganate method manganese nitrate decomposition method, ion plating method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spraying ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spraying method, artificial spraying method, etc.
  • the method and technology are generated into a high-temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film, and the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film also has a porous adsorbent material, and the conductive agent is also required to be generated into the siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4, so that
  • the air electrode carrier 15 on the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode the method of spraying or ion plating may be used, or the conductive agent, the catalyst 16 and the binder may be mixed and applied to the syphon film to the high temperature antifreezing material 4, or may be used.
  • Other methods of making which can reduce the cost of the battery and make the structure of the battery simpler. .
  • This structure replacing the air electrode carrier 15 is referred to as air electrode siphon catalytic conduction integration.
  • Fig. 63 Siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4.
  • Conducting agent, catalyst 16 and air electrode positive electrode Intake device 14 constitutes the air electrode positive electrode 1.
  • the positive electrode inlet device 14 and the air electrode constitute an air electrode positive electrode 1, and the air electrode catalyst coating layer 17 is located between the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, and the three are closely coupled with each other.
  • air electrode catalyst coating 17, wicking film high temperature antifreeze material 4, conductive agent, catalyst 16, air electrode catalyst coating 17 and air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 constitute air electrode positive electrode 1, air electrode catalyst The coating 17 is located on both sides of the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4, and there is also an air electrode catalyst coating 17 between the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, and the three are closely combined with each other.
  • the air electrode positive current collector For the air electrode positive current collector, more than one mesh structure and fibrous material are used, and the current is extracted from the siphon catalytic conduction assembly of the air electrode composed of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4, the conductive agent and the catalyst 16.
  • the conductive agent and the catalyst 16 are formed on the syphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4, it is generally selected to make the siphon film ion end 42 instead of the entire siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 . But it can also be the entire wick film to high temperature antifreeze material 4 .
  • a conductive agent, catalyst 16 is formed onto the siphon membrane ion terminal 42.
  • Structural features It can be a solid electrolyte, a polymer electrolyte, or a semi-solid electrolyte.
  • solid electrolyte for example, ⁇ - ⁇ 1 2 0 3 , zirconium dioxide, a ceramic material or the like can be used.
  • Polymer electrolyte For example, a polymer electrolyte of a polyoxyethylene type, a polyvinylidene fluoride type, a polymethyl methacrylate type, or a polyacrylonitrile type can be used.
  • the semi-solid electrolyte can be prepared by using oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, oils, esters, organic solvents, carbon materials, and magnetic materials in an alkaline environment.
  • It can also be produced by reacting oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, oils, esters, organic materials, and magnetic materials in an alkaline environment.
  • It can also be produced by reacting oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, oils, esters, organic solvents, conductive agents, and magnetic materials in an alkaline environment.
  • Oligosaccharides are, for example, malto-oligosaccharide glucose, oligosaccharide glucose, dextrin, gentiobiose glucose, and the like.
  • High glycans such as starch, glycogen, cellulose, agar, chitin and the like.
  • Lipids such as: triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, terpenoids, and the like.
  • Oils Vegetable oils, animal oils such as:, soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, sheep oil, butter, fish oil, butter, chicken oil, kerosene, gasoline, diesel, etc.
  • esters are, for example, methyl formate, ethyl acetate, nitrate, sodium stearate and the like.
  • the organic solvent is, for example, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate, methanol, ethanol or the like.
  • Carbon materials such as: activated carbon, graphite, etc.
  • the magnetic material is, for example, FeCr (Co), FeCrMo, FeAlC, magnet, or the like.
  • the base is, for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate or the like.
  • the conductive agent is, for example, graphite (ks-6), carbon black (KB), acetylene black (AB), metal fiber, metal powder, vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), carbon nanotube CNTs and the like.
  • the electrolyte 5 can be made in the following formulation ratio:
  • Y is a positive number greater than 0
  • Z is a positive number greater than 0
  • W is a positive number greater than 0
  • U is a positive number greater than zero.
  • the membrane bag it is located in the membrane bag, tightly combined with the metal fuel 24, and tightly combined with the inside of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3. It can also be located outside the membrane bag, with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, The outer portion of the bioactive membrane 3 is tightly bonded to the tight junction of the siphon membrane to the high temperature antifreeze material 4.
  • the operation features an ion path for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and an ion-operated electrolyte for the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the shape is the same as the metal fuel 24, and its thickness is 0.01 nm (nanometer) - 1 nm (nanometer), 1 nm (nanometer) - 1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) - 1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) - Any value in the range of 1000mm (mm), greater than lm (m), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • Its length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) ), any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is adsorbed, one side is closely combined with the metal fuel 24, and the other side is combined with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the inside is tightly combined to store and adsorb the negative electrode electrolyte for the negative electrode, keeping the negative electrode of the battery and the electrolyte tightly connected.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 can also act as a buffer to keep the tight components of the internal components of the battery after the battery collides and vibrates.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is mainly infiltrated into the core 6 to meet the reserve demand, and the amount of the reserve can be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the advantage of this structure is that the liquid state of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is maintained, and the solid state and the semi-solid state are maintained. The form exists and can be well integrated with the electrolyte 5 while maintaining a substantial boundary with the electrolyte 5.
  • Anti-vibration buffer layer 7
  • the shape of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, and the thickness thereof is 0.01 nm (nano) - 1 nm (nanometer), 1 nm (nanometer) - 1000 nm, 1 m (micrometer) - 1000 Rn (micron), lmm (mm) -1000mm (mm), any value greater than lm (meter), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • the length, width, diameter, and limit are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) , any value greater than the range of lm (meters).
  • the shock-proof buffer layer 7 Located between the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3 and the battery casing and the support fixture 10, the shock-proof buffer layer 7 maintains a tight connection of the various components of the battery. In the event of a shock, the battery maintains a tight bond between the various components inside the battery to prevent sudden power loss or current changes. In some battery configurations, the shock absorbing layer 7, such as in Figs. 22 and 23, can be used.
  • An ion path is provided for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and an ion-operated electrolyte is provided for the negative electrode of the battery. It is located in the membrane, membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag, bioactive membrane 3, and partially stored in the core 6. It does not undergo any chemical reaction with the anode fuel 24, and at the same time protects the anode fuel 24 from corrosion by other materials. This is especially important in the process of battery control.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 may not be required. For example, when the negative electrode fuel is surrounded by an ionic solid electrolyte, the electrolyte 8 may not be used, and the electrolyte 8 may be used accordingly. It must be determined and designed according to the actual needs and conditions of the battery.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 may be: methanol sodium hydroxide solution, methanol potassium hydroxide solution, methanol lithium hydroxide solution, ethanol sodium hydroxide solution, ethanol potassium hydroxide solution, ethanol lithium hydroxide solution, etc. .
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 may be an alkaline electrolyte or a negative electrode electrolyte. 8 may be an acidic electrolyte or a negative electrode electrolyte. 8 The neutral electrolyte may be a negative electrolyte 8 may be another electrolyte such as an organic electrolyte.
  • Alkaline electrolyte For example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide or the like, a strong alkali base or a weak base organic base can be used. .
  • a certain concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is prepared with an organic solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate, or the like.
  • Acidic electrolyte For example, a certain concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 can be prepared by using some organic and inorganic weak acid such as formic acid or acetic acid and an organic solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate or the like.
  • organic and inorganic weak acid such as formic acid or acetic acid
  • organic solvent ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate or the like.
  • Neutral electrolyte For example, sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, potassium fluoride, potassium iodide and other salts and organic solvents can be used: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate
  • the anode electrolyte 8 is prepared to a certain concentration.
  • a certain concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the metal halide with a metal halide and a quaternary ammonium salt: for example, aluminum chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, Potassium chloride, potassium fluoride, potassium iodide, etc.
  • the choice of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is determined and designed according to the actual needs and conditions of the battery.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 may be an alkaline electrolyte, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 may be an acidic electrolyte, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 may be a neutral electrolyte, and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 may be an organic electrolyte.
  • an inorganic strong base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide or a weak base organic base
  • organic solvent ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate, etc.
  • water is formulated into a certain concentration of positive electrode electrolyte 9 .
  • Acidic electrolyte For example, some organic and inorganic weak acids such as formic acid and acetic acid and an organic solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate, etc. may be used to prepare a certain concentration of positive electrode electrolyte 9 .
  • organic and inorganic weak acids such as formic acid and acetic acid and an organic solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate, etc.
  • Neutral electrolyte For example, sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, potassium fluoride, potassium iodide and other salts and organic solvents can be used: ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonate Etc., the water is formulated into a certain concentration of the positive electrode electrolyte 9.
  • the choice of positive electrode electrolyte 9 is determined and designed according to the actual needs and conditions of the battery.
  • the above-mentioned positive electrode electrolytes 9 should be used in existing air metal fuel cells only in air zinc batteries, such as a small-power disposable metal air zinc battery.
  • the innovative structure of combining the wicking film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, The membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused, and at the same time maintain a basic boundary with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, which is extremely
  • the use of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is reduced and saved, the cost is reduced, the operating state of the electrolyte is stabilized, and the volume and weight of the battery are reduced.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 is used for storing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, which is a hollow cavity, and has a shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a square cylinder, a sphere and the like, and has at least two openings, one of which is a siphon siphon end 41
  • the inlet opening is for adsorbing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and then the electrolyte is adsorbed to the siphon membrane ion end 42, one of which is the positive electrode electrolyte 9 replenishing opening.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 may be integrally connected to the battery so as to share the battery case and the support fixture 10 with other components of the battery, or may be separate from the battery. It is also possible that two or more batteries share a positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 may be filled with some adsorbent material to cure the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to the adsorbent material. Selection: sponge, absorbent cotton, foamed carbon nanomaterials, glass fiber, etc. Materials used are: For example: ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, plastic steel, alloy, metal, etc.
  • Positive electrolyte isolation device 92 Positive electrolyte storage One of the chambers 91 is for allowing the siphon membrane siphoning end 41 to enter.
  • a positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is provided, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device is provided. 92 does not affect the adsorption capacity of the siphon end 41 of the siphon film. It is a sealing device, which can be used with a sealing rubber ring, a PTFE sealing rubber ring, a graphite sealing mud, and the like.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93 is an opening in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 for replenishing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can also be discharged therefrom.
  • a positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber is provided with a switch on the inlet and outlet passage 93. When the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is replenished, it can be opened, and the replenishment is completed and then closed. When the positive electrode electrolyte 9 needs to be discharged, the switch of the electrode electrolyte storage chamber into and out of the channel 93 is now opened, and then closed after completion.
  • the components of the battery are tightly and effectively connected and connected, and the environment of each component of the battery is kept stable to ensure a stable and efficient discharge of the battery.
  • Each part of the battery can be fixed and molded by the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 by spraying, welding, adhesive bonding, bundling or the like.
  • the principle of battery assembly and installation is that under tightly bonded and combined conditions, the tighter the air, the less the air flow is, the higher the power, the more the power and the reduction of the consumption and the consumption are. It is ideal under fully mechanized and vacuum.
  • Air metal fuel cell or battery pack housing and ventilation device eg ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, steel, alloys, metals, etc. (11) Air metal fuel cell or battery pack housing and ventilation device
  • A Battery packs with no outer casing or series and parallel battery packs, in the natural state of the inlet and outlet devices:
  • a single battery 102 not limited to one piece can be combined into a battery pack by series and parallel connection, and then placed in a family room, in a factory building, in a power plant building, in a large power plant building.
  • FIG. 91 six sets of battery cells 102 are assembled in series to form a battery pack, and are installed in the factory building 105.
  • the windows, the air inlets and the doors of the factory building 105 are provided with an air inlet and outlet device 101, and the air inlet and outlet device 101 is air.
  • the filtering device, the inlet and outlet device 101 is, for example, an air filter, an air cleaner or the like, an air filter membrane, or the like. Solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air can be filtered, and solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air can be prevented from entering the plant 105, and air inside and outside the plant 105 can freely enter and exit through the inlet and outlet device 101. Free air in and out provides sufficient oxygen for the normal operation of the cells in the battery pack in plant 105.
  • the main purpose of the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet channels is to control and shut down and open the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet channels of the high-power battery pack.
  • the technology can be applied to: electric cars, streetlights, cameras, camcorders, personal table lighting, table lamps, cell phone charging devices, sea lighthouses, night lights, etc.
  • a battery pack composed of three battery cells 102 is mounted.
  • the battery pack is installed in the outer casing 103, and the "front" surface and the “rear” surface of the outer casing 103 are respectively disposed.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 which can be automatically opened and automatically closed according to actual demand and condition changes, is composed of three parts, and the filtering device 1011, the switching device 1012, and the switch control device 1013 are operated for:
  • the switch device 1012 When the battery is in operation, under the control and action of the switch control device 1013, the switch device 1012 is turned on, the outside air is filtered through the filter device 1011, and then enters the battery or battery in the outer casing 103 through the opened switch device 1012. In the group.
  • the air in the outer casing 103 passes through the open switching device 1012 and then enters the outside air through the filtering device 1011.
  • the free in and out of the air can provide sufficient oxygen for the normal operation of the single battery in the battery pack, and on the other hand, it can effectively prevent the damage of the carbon dioxide to the electrolyte in the battery or the battery pack (such as curing, neutralization, Carbonation, etc.).
  • the filtering device 1011 is an air filtering device, which can filter solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air, and prevent solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air from entering the battery pack, and the switching device 1012 is an inlet and outlet device.
  • the channel on the 101 can be automatically turned on and automatically turned off according to the change of actual demand and conditions, and the opening and closing of the switch device 1012 is completed under the control and action of the switch control device 1013.
  • Control device 1013 is the control and power device of switch device 1012 that controls the opening and closing of switch device 1012 based on actual demand and changes in conditions.
  • the power of the control device 1013 is derived from the power of the battery or the battery pack itself, and may be derived from external power or manually.
  • Figure 84 is a front view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack, labeled with the orientation of the battery pack, "front”, “left”, “right”, “up,”, “down”.
  • the "front" side of the battery pack is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 which can be automatically opened and automatically closed according to changes in actual demand and conditions.
  • FIG. 84 the "upper" side of the outer casing 103 is openable for easy installation of the single battery into the outer casing 103.
  • Figure 85 is a rear view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack, labeled with the orientation of the battery pack, "back”, “left”, “right”, “up,”, “down”.
  • the "rear" side of the battery pack is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 which can be automatically opened and automatically closed according to changes in actual demand and conditions.
  • Figure 89 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 84 and Figure 85 in the direction of AA, on which the orientation of the battery pack is indicated, "front", “back”, “left”, “right”, in front of the battery pack in Figure 89.
  • the face is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 that can be automatically opened and automatically closed according to changes in actual needs and conditions.
  • the "back" side of the battery pack is also provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 that can be automatically turned on and automatically turned off according to changes in actual needs and conditions.
  • the battery pack is composed of three single cells, and three battery cells are shown in the figure. The change according to actual needs and conditions may not be limited to three single cells.
  • Figure 86 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 89 in the direction of BB, on which the orientation of the battery pack is indicated, "up”, “down”, “left”, and “right”.
  • the battery pack is passed by three single cells.
  • three battery cells are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the battery case. There are three single cells in the figure, and the actual changes in actual demand and conditions may not be limited to three single cells.
  • 87, 89, 90, and 86 illustrate: a battery pack constructed by connecting three battery cells 102 in parallel, the battery pack being mounted in the outer casing 103, and the "front" side and the “rear” side of the outer casing 103.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 may be disposed on the outer casing 103 of the battery or the battery pack according to changes in actual needs and conditions.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 is provided with a carbon dioxide separator capable of effectively preventing the passage of carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide separator prevents carbon dioxide in the air from entering the outer casing 103 through the inlet and outlet device 101, and the other gas components in the air are unrestricted and can be freely accessed. This effectively prevents carbon dioxide from damaging the electrolyte in the battery or battery pack (such as curing, neutralization, carbonation, etc.).
  • single cells that are used for long-term operation without downtime or high-power battery stacks that are connected in series.
  • Fig. 84, Fig. 85, Fig. 92, Fig. 86 Illustrated in Fig. 84, Fig. 85, Fig. 92, Fig. 86 is a battery pack constructed by connecting three battery cells 102 in parallel, the battery pack being mounted in the outer casing 103, the "front" face and the “back” of the outer casing 103.
  • Each of the surfaces is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 which can effectively prevent the carbon dioxide from passing freely.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101, which can effectively prevent the carbon dioxide from passing freely, is composed of two parts, a filtering device 1011 and a carbon dioxide separation membrane 1014.
  • the operation is as follows: (1) When the battery is in operation, the outside air is filtered by the filtering device 1011, and when the carbon dioxide isolating film 1014 enters the battery or the battery pack in the outer casing 103, the carbon dioxide in the air is effectively prevented. Outside the outer casing 103, other gases in the air are unrestricted and can be freely moved in and out of the outer casing 103. At the same time, the air in the outer casing 103 passes through the carbon dioxide barrier film 1014 and then enters the outside air through the filtering device 1011.
  • the filter unit 1011 is placed on the front side of the carbon dioxide separator 1014.
  • the filtering device 1011 is an air filtering device, which can filter solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air, and prevent solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air from entering the battery pack.
  • the carbon dioxide separating film 1014 is a kind. The selective membrane can effectively block the passage of carbon dioxide in the air, while the other gases in the air are not restricted, and can freely enter and exit the outer casing 103.
  • Figure 84 is a front view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack, labeled with the orientation of the battery pack, "front”, “left”, “right”, “up,”, “down”.
  • the "front" face of the battery pack is provided with an air inlet and outlet device 101 which can effectively prevent carbon dioxide from passing freely.
  • Figure 85 is a rear view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack, labeled with the orientation of the battery pack, "back”, “left”, “right”, “up,”, “down”.
  • the "back" side of the battery pack is also provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 which can effectively prevent carbon dioxide from passing freely.
  • Figure 92 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 84 and Figure 85 in the direction of AA, on which the orientation of the battery pack is indicated, "front", “back”, “left”, “right”, in front of the battery pack in Figure 92.
  • the face is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101 which can effectively prevent carbon dioxide from passing freely.
  • FIG 86 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 92 in the BB direction, on which the orientation of the battery pack is indicated, "up”, “down”, “left”, and “right”.
  • the battery pack is passed by three single cells. In parallel, three battery cells are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the battery case. There are three single cells in the figure, and the actual changes in actual demand and conditions may not be limited to three single cells.
  • 87, 89, 93, and 86 illustrate: a battery pack constructed by connecting three battery cells 102 in parallel, the battery pack being mounted in the outer casing 103, and the "front" side and the “rear” side of the outer casing 103.
  • Three battery cells are shown in the figure. Actually, the change according to actual needs and conditions may not be limited to three single cells.
  • pure oxygen can be effectively controlled and effectively formulated, such as solid oxygen and liquid oxygen as the positive electrode material of the single cell or battery.
  • it can be effectively used in places where air is thin, where oxygen is absent or where there is no oxygen.
  • it can be effectively used in places where air is thin, where oxygen is absent or where there is no oxygen.
  • it can also be used in a normal aerobic air environment.
  • the pure oxygen includes not limited to: liquid oxygen, solid oxygen, gaseous oxygen, gaseous compressed oxygen, and the like.
  • Figure 94 and Figure 86 illustrate a metal fuel (bio) battery in which the positive electrode material is pure oxygen.
  • the battery or battery component is three-part, one part is a storage part of the positive electrode material, and the other part is a power generation part. One part is the connection part of the storage part and the power generation part.
  • the storage portion of the positive electrode material is composed of a pure oxygen storage tank 106, a gas filling device 1062, an oxygen supply device 1063, and pure oxygen 1061.
  • the power generation portion is composed of a casing 103, a single battery 102, and a pure oxygen device 1016.
  • the connecting portion of the storage portion and the power generating portion is constituted by the pressure regulating switch device 107.
  • the pure oxygen storage tank 106 is used to store pure oxygen 1061, and the pure oxygen 1061 is added to the pure oxygen storage tank 106 through the gas adding device 1062, and the pure oxygen in the pure oxygen storage tank 106 passes through the oxygen supply device.
  • the 1063 is supplied to the power generation portion, and the positive electrode material as the power generation portion participates in power generation.
  • the battery pack is composed of three sets of single cells in series and parallel manner, and the battery pack is installed in the outer casing 103.
  • the outer casing 103 is provided with a pure oxygen device 1016 for the pure oxygen device 1016 to pass through the pressure regulating switch device 107.
  • the oxygen supply unit 1063 on the pure oxygen storage tank 106 is connected to deliver the pure oxygen 1061 in the pure oxygen storage tank 106 to the power generation portion.
  • the pressure regulating switch device 107 connects the storage portion and the power generating portion, and supplies the pure oxygen 1061 of the storage portion to the power generating portion by pressure regulation according to changes in actual demand and conditions, and participates in power generation as a positive electrode material of the power generating portion.
  • the pure oxygen storage tank 106 can be placed in a correspondingly appropriate position according to actual demand and conditions.
  • the pure oxygen storage tank 106 is designed according to the actual conditions and conditions according to the standard conditions. For example, the design of the pure oxygen storage tank 106 of the automobile and the mobile phone is completely different.
  • the above three parts of the running process 1.
  • the pressure regulating switch device 107 is used to connect the pure oxygen supply device 1016 on the outer casing 3 to the oxygen supply device 1063 on the pure oxygen storage tank 106 according to the actual demand and the condition. At this time, the pressure regulating switch device 107 is completely closed.
  • the pure oxygen 1061 is then added to the pure oxygen storage tank 106 via the gas charging unit 1062 based on actual demand and conditions.
  • Figure 86 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 94 in the BB direction, on which the orientation of the battery pack is indicated, "up”, “down”, “left”, and “right”.
  • the battery pack is passed by three single cells.
  • three battery cells are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the battery case. There are three single cells in the figure. In practice, the changes according to actual needs and conditions may not be limited to three single cells.
  • the "upper" side of the outer casing 103 is openable for easy installation of the single battery into the outer casing 103.
  • E a metal battery with a casing or a battery stack that has an outer casing that can restrict the entry of other gases and allows only oxygen to enter.
  • the battery is outside the battery casing, and a pure oxygen inlet can be provided, and an oxygen use state tester is installed in the casing.
  • the battery pack is composed of three single cells in series and parallel manner, and the battery pack is installed in the outer casing 103.
  • the outer casing 103 is provided with a pure oxygen gas inlet device 1017 and an oxygen use state tester 1018.
  • the pure oxygen gas inlet device 1017 is a switching device that can be used to generate pure oxygen through the pure oxygen gas inlet device 1017 into the outer casing 103 to participate in power generation as a positive electrode material of the single battery.
  • the oxygen use state tester 1018 is a test instrument for parameters such as pressure, temperature, and concentration of oxygen in the outer casing 103 for detecting the dynamic state of oxygen in the outer casing 103.
  • a battery pack is composed of three single cells in series and parallel manner.
  • the battery pack is installed in the outer casing 103.
  • the outer casing 103 is provided with an inlet and outlet device 101.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 can restrict other gases from entering and only allow oxygen to enter. .
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 which can effectively restrict the entry of other gases and allow only oxygen to enter, is composed of two parts.
  • the filtering device 1011 and the oxygen selective filtering membrane 1019 operate for the two parts: the outside air passes through the filtering device first.
  • the filtration of 1011, when entering the battery or the battery pack in the outer casing 103 through the oxygen selective filtration membrane 1019, the oxygen selective filtration membrane 1019 can effectively restrict the entry of other gases and allow only oxygen to enter, as the positive electrode of the battery or the battery pack. Materials are involved in power generation. At the same time, it also effectively solves the damage of carbon dioxide to the electrolyte in the battery or battery pack (such as curing, neutralization, carbonation, etc.).
  • the positive and negative poles with the outer casing are integrated with the separated metal fuel cell battery pack.
  • FIG. 97 The structure is shown in FIG. 97.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 is disposed on the side of the outer casing 103, and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 for storing the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is disposed on the bottom surface.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 is located at the bottom of the outer casing, and is formed together with the outer casing, and the entire battery pack uses the same positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 has a plurality of openings, and each opening corresponds at least A wicking film is applied to the high temperature antifreeze material 4.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 is provided with eight openings, and corresponds to eight wicking films to the high temperature antifreeze material 4.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced and discharged through the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93.
  • One or more sets of air electrode positive electrode 1 and a portion of the siphon film ion end 42 on the high temperature antifreeze material 4 are closely adhered together and fixed to form a positive electrode unit, and the wicking film in the positive electrode unit is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4
  • a part of the siphon film siphon end 41 is inserted into the corresponding opening of the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, and the electrolyte in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 is adsorbed to the entire siphon film to the high temperature antifreezing material 4, and the positive electrode is electrolyzed by diffusion.
  • the liquid 9 is supplied to the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode.
  • a part of the siphon film siphon end 41 on the syphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4 in the positive electrode unit is inserted into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, and the positive electrode unit is fixed to the outer casing 103, and can be bonded with an adhesive. It can be fixed by screws, or it can be fixed in the card slot by installing a card slot in the outer casing, and fixing it by other methods.
  • the above-mentioned one or more sets of positive electrode units are combined in a corresponding order and arrangement according to actual needs and conditions, and a positive distance is integrated, and a corresponding distance space is left between each positive electrode unit, and the distance space contributes to air and pure oxygen. Circulation and diffusion.
  • the positive electrode output lines 13 of the positive electrode units are connected together by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc. to form a positive electrode of the battery pack.
  • the positive electrode integration is composed of four positive electrode units. of.
  • one or more of the membranes of the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the core 6, the electrolyte 5 and the metal negative electrode 2, the membrane bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3 and a part of a siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 are assembled.
  • the siphon membrane ion ends 42 are closely adhered together and fixed to form a negative electrode unit.
  • a part of the siphon film siphoning end 41 on the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 in the negative electrode unit is inserted into the corresponding opening of the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, and the electrolyte in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 is adsorbed to the entire siphon film to the high temperature.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is carried onto the outermost surface of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3.
  • a part of the siphon film siphon end 41 on the syphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4 in the negative electrode unit is inserted into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, and the negative electrode unit is fixed on the outer casing 103, and can be bonded with an adhesive. It can be fixed by screws, or it can be fixed in the card slot by installing a card slot in the outer casing, and fixing it by other methods.
  • the above-mentioned one or more sets of negative electrode units are combined in a corresponding order according to actual needs and conditions, and the negative electrode is integrated, and the negative electrode units can be closely adhered to each other, and a corresponding distance space can be left. Helps the dissipation of the negative heat.
  • the metal negative electrode output lines 23 of the respective negative electrode units are connected together by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, plating, or the like to form a negative electrode of the battery pack.
  • the negative electrode integration is composed of four negative electrode units.
  • the battery pack is constituted by the positive electrode integration, the negative electrode integration, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the outer casing 103, and the like.
  • the ion path on the positive electrode integration and the negative electrode integration is passed, and the squirrel film high temperature antifreeze material 4 on the positive electrode integration and the negative electrode integration is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte 9 in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the advantage of the battery of this structure is that the replacement of the anode fuel 24 according to actual needs and conditions is convenient and rapid, and the replacement of the anode fuel 24 does not affect the anode of the air electrode 1 .
  • the introduction of A, B, C, D, E, F, battery or battery pack advantages of pure oxygen as a positive electrode material can also reduce the battery Volume and weight.
  • the metal fuel (bio) battery of the present invention is currently the only one in the world, the accessory structure of the corresponding battery is also the only original invention, for example, the above gas supply structure is also the only original invention, especially in the high-power parallel battery pack.
  • the gas supply structure is also the only original invention, especially in the high-power parallel battery pack.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 may be filled with some adsorbent material to solidify the positive electrode electrolyte 9 onto the adsorbent material.
  • some adsorbent material for example, sponge, absorbent cotton, foamed carbon nanomaterials, glass fiber, etc. This item is only textual and does not involve high-end process technology.
  • a positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is provided, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 does not affect the adsorption capacity of the siphon film siphoning end 41.
  • a sealing device it can be sealed with a sealing rubber ring, a PTFE sealing rubber ring, a graphite sealing mud, or the like.
  • Figure 1 Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 13, Figure 68, relate to a rectangular parallelepiped block of air metal fuel cell. Its thickness is O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000nm, 1 rn
  • micron -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micron)
  • lmm (mm) -1000 mm (mm) any value greater than lm (meter), or a value in the range of 1 ⁇ ⁇ -100 ⁇ .
  • Its length and width are O.OOlnm (nanometer) -lnm (nanometer), lnm (nanometer) -1000 nm, 1 rn (micrometer) -1000 ⁇ ⁇ (micrometer), lmm
  • Embodiment 1 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on EE
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on BCD
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on AA
  • FIG. 68 is a component of the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 includes an air electrode positive electrode 1, an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, an air electrode positive electrode output line 13, an air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, an air electrode carrier 15, a catalyst 16, and a metal negative electrode 2.
  • the shock absorbing buffer layer 7, the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93, the battery casing, and the support fixture 10 are configured.
  • the indications, which are described here, are not in the embodiment without such structures, and these structures are all present in the first embodiment. Specific details of the corresponding components can be seen, see above
  • the components of the first embodiment are installed in accordance with the features of Figure 68 and the various components and actual needs.
  • the periphery and periphery of the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 are directly adhered, squeezed, mechanically and the like to the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 by means of glue, adhesive, or the like.
  • the air electrode positive current collector 11 is connected to the air electrode carrier 15 by means of stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc., and the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 is welded, stamped, Printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc. are connected to the air electrode positive current collector 11, and the air electrode positive output line 13 is connected to the positive electrode of the air electrode by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, and the like. On the ear 12.
  • Catalyst 16 can be subjected to chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate , such as cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spraying ion plating method, biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • the periphery and the periphery of the air electrode carrier 15 are auxiliaryly fixed on the battery case and the supporting fixture 10, and then the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 that has been fixed in the front and the air electrode carrier 15 loaded with the catalyst are evenly adhered and tightly bonded. In combination, in the process of uniform adhesion and tight bonding, the air between the air is discharged, so that the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode is ready to work.
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • Air electrode positive current collector 11 Air electrode positive pole 12, air electrode positive output line 13
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is connected to the metal fuel 24 by means of stamping, inlaying, welding, printing, clamping, casting, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc., and the metal negative electrode tab 22 is welded, Stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc. are connected to the metal negative current collector 21, and the metal negative output line 23 is welded, stamped, printed, sprayed, high-pressure high-temperature sprayed, coated, etc., connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22 on,
  • the metal negative current collector 21, the metal negative electrode tab 22, and the metal negative electrode output line 23 may also be treated as a whole by the above-described process technology and special process technology. Thus, the metal negative electrode 2 is ready for completion.
  • the diaphragm 33 and the spacer 34 are formed into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a living body according to a desired size, thickness, and different film forming materials and shapes.
  • the active film 3 may be a single layer film bag, may be a double layer film bag, may be a multilayer film bag, may be a single layer film, may be a double layer film, or may be a multilayer film.
  • the thickness of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 are also different.
  • the coating film coating material 35 and the coating film coating material B 36 are applied to the corresponding parts of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 according to a certain method, and the single layer film bag can be applied to the film bag.
  • the inner surface can be applied to the outer surface, the inner and outer surfaces can be coated, and the double film bag can be applied to the middle of the two-layer diaphragm 33 of the double-layer film bag; can be simultaneously applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag, the double-layer film bag Inside, the outer side of the double-layer film bag; can be applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag at the same time, the inside of the double-layer film bag can be simultaneously applied to the middle of the two-layer film bag and the outside of the double-layer film bag, In the actual situation, the different needs and conditions are changed to choose the decision.
  • the film bag sealing device 31 is prepared, so that the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film 3 are ready for work
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the core 6, the electrolyte 5 and the metal negative electrode 2 are placed together in a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, or sandwiched between double film bags, an electrolyte 5, and a negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the film and the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the inner surface film hole of the bioactive film 3 are bonded together, and the metal negative electrode 2 is sandwiched between the core 6 and the electrolyte 5, and is closely bonded and bonded, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is mainly
  • the reserve requirement is infiltrated into the core 6, and the amount of the reserve can be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the advantage of this structure is that the liquid electrolyte of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is maintained, and it exists in a solid or semi-solid form, and
  • the electrolyte 5 is well fused and connected to the electrolyte 5, and the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are preferably sealed in a vacuum environment (also in a natural environment).
  • the bag sealing device 31 seals the openings of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3.
  • a part of the siphon membrane siphoning end 41 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode by the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92.
  • the junction of the electrolyte storage chamber 91 is sealed.
  • the thickness, size and shape of the siphon film to high temperature antifreeze material 4 can also be determined according to actual needs and conditions.
  • the advantage of this structure is that the liquid electrolyte of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is maintained, and it exists in a solid state or a semi-solid state, and can be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 It is well integrated and connected, and at the same time maintains a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, which greatly reduces and saves the use of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and reduces the cost.
  • the operating state of the electrolyte is stabilized, and the volume and weight of the battery are reduced.
  • the thickness, size and shape of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film are changed, thereby adjusting the supply quantity and the supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and controlling the stability of the adjustment current amount, and the film.
  • the membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag and bioactive membrane 3 fully solve the problem of excessive battery temperature, expansion and self-ignition under the condition of matching the membrane, ensuring that the battery is perfected in a normal temperature mode under high and low temperature conditions.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93. After the squirrel film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4, the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used to isolate the yoke film from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91. The main purpose is to isolate the water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 and prevent water from penetrating.
  • the prepared air electrode positive electrode 1 is closely combined with a part of the siphon film ion end 42 of the siphon membrane high temperature antifreeze material 4; the siphon film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 by a part of the siphon film.
  • the ion end 42 is in close contact with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3; the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane 3 are intimately combined with the shockproof buffer layer 7, and the siphon membrane is
  • a part of the siphon membrane ion end 42 of the high-temperature antifreeze material 4 is in close contact with the air electrode positive electrode 1 and the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, while the siphon membrane is removed from the siphon membrane of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 41 is the positive electrode electrolyte 9 which has been immersed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91. Then, each part of the battery is fixed and molded by the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 by spraying, welding, adhesive bonding, bundling or the like.
  • the principle of battery assembly and installation is that under tightly bonded and combined conditions, the tighter the air, the less the air, the more stable the current, the higher the power and the reduction of the consumption and the consumption. It is ideal under fully mechanized and vacuum ( We have succeeded in the production of all manual and hand tools, so there is still a lot of room for further improvement and improvement of the process technology, so there is also a lot of room for improvement and improvement of the battery itself.
  • (C-1) Metal hydroxide is formed in the negative electrode of the battery:
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is an alkaline electrolyte.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is adsorbed to the siphon film to the entire siphon film ion end 42 of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 under the adsorption of the syphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4. While the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is adsorbed to the ion channel 42 of the siphon film, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is also adsorbed onto the air electrode carrier 15 in close contact with the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film, and the pre-discharge preparation procedure of the battery is performed. carry out.
  • the load (the load is an oath for the current, such as test instruments, multimeters, resistors, bulbs, current-use appliances, coffee makers, mobile phones, various appliances, etc.), the positive and negative poles are respectively connected to the air electrode positive output line.
  • the current such as test instruments, multimeters, resistors, bulbs, current-use appliances, coffee makers, mobile phones, various appliances, etc.
  • the output lines of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the tabs of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the tabs of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the current collectors of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the current collectors of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively respectively The positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected.
  • the oxygen molecules dissociate into oxygen ions, and the hydroxide ions form hydrated hydroxide ions with the water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the hydrated hydroxide ions are positive and negative in the battery.
  • the polar electric field Under the action of the polar electric field, it passes through the ionic end 42 of the siphon membrane to reach the membrane.
  • the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the outer film surface of the bioactive film 3 are coated with the coating film coating material 35 on the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3, and the coating film coating material 35 is ⁇
  • the water-based hydrophobic substance therefore, the water molecules cannot enter the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the coating film coating material 35 are of the same nature.
  • the materials can be mutually affinity, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is contained in the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and adhered to the membrane pores on the inner surface of the membrane.
  • the hydrated hydroxide ion in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 transfers the hydroxide ion to the negative electrode electrolyte 8, so that the hydroxide ion passes through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected, and at the same time maintain a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, thereby greatly reducing and saving the positive electrode electrolyte.
  • the use of 9 reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the volume and weight of the battery.
  • the supply quantity and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the regulated current amount can be controlled, and the battery temperature is too high under the condition of matching with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved in a normal temperature manner.
  • the hydroxide ions and electrons in the battery will also stop the above movement, and the coating is applied due to the structural characteristics of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • There is a coating coating 35 so that water and other molecular substances in the positive electrolyte 9 cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enter the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, It does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, so there is no problem of self-discharge of the battery during the placement of the battery.
  • the metal oxide is formed on the positive electrode of the battery, and the metal oxide is formed on the positive electrode of the battery:
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is a neutral electrolyte.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is an organic solution of aluminum chloride.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is adsorbed to the ion channel 42 of the siphon film, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is also adsorbed onto the air electrode carrier 15 in close contact with the high temperature antifreeze material 4 of the siphon film, and the pre-discharge preparation procedure of the battery is performed. carry out.
  • the load (the load is an oath for the current, such as test instruments, multimeters, resistors, bulbs, current-use appliances, coffee makers, mobile phones, various appliances, etc.), the positive and negative poles are respectively connected to the air electrode positive output line.
  • the current such as test instruments, multimeters, resistors, bulbs, current-use appliances, coffee makers, mobile phones, various appliances, etc.
  • the output lines of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the tabs of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the tabs of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the current collectors of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the current collectors of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively respectively The positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected.
  • the power is turned on to start discharging, and the oxygen in the positive air enters the air electrode carrier 15 through the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, the oxygen molecule and the air electrode.
  • the catalyst 16 on the carrier 15 is combined with the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and under the catalysis of the catalyst 16, the oxygen molecules are dissociated into hydroxide ions.
  • the metal ions on the surface of the anode fuel 24 are subjected to the electric field of the battery, and the metal ions enter the anode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and move through the electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5 to the membrane, the membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane.
  • the film and the outer membrane surface of the bioactive membrane 3, at this time, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is adhered to the outer membrane surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, due to the membrane, the membrane pouch, and the biological activity.
  • the film bag and the bioactive film 3 are coated with a coating film coating material 35, and the coating film coating material 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance, so that water molecules cannot enter through the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film 3
  • the coating film coating material 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance, so that water molecules cannot enter through the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film 3
  • it can only adhere to the outer membrane surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, so as to move to the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • the metal ions on the surface of the membrane and the outer membrane enter the positive electrode electrolyte 9 under the action of the electric field of the positive and negative electrodes, and combine with the water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a hydrated metal ion, a water alloy.
  • the hydrated metal ions combine with the hydrated hydroxide ions in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a metal hydroxide, and the hydrated hydroxide ion in the hydrated metal ion and the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the metal atoms on the surface of the anode fuel 24 release electrons to dissociate into metal ions and enter the anode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5.
  • the electrons emitted from the metal atoms on the surface of the anode fuel 24 pass through the anode fuel 24 to the metal anode current collector 21, and the metal anode current collector 21 conducts the collected electrons to the load through the metal anode tab 22 and the metal anode output line 23. Then, after the load, enter the air electrode positive output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode 12, the air electrode positive current collector 11, the air electrode positive output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode 12, the air electrode positive current collector The conduction of 11 enters the air electrode carrier 15 to form a continuous and stable current.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected, and at the same time maintain a basic boundary with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, which greatly reduces and saves
  • the use amount of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 lowers the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the volume and weight of the battery.
  • the supply quantity and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the regulated current amount can be controlled, and the battery temperature is too high under the condition of matching with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved in a normal temperature manner.
  • the air metal fuel in this example is a double positive battery composed of two air electrode positive electrodes 1 and one metal negative electrode 2 and other components. Its structure is shown in Figure 1, Figure 22, Figure 23, and Figure 69.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on E-E
  • FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on A-A
  • FIG. 69 is a schematic view of a part of the second embodiment.
  • siphon film to high temperature antifreeze material 4 on the siphon film siphoning end 41, siphon film ion end 42 not shown in Figure 1, Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 69
  • Embodiment 3 The components of the second embodiment are installed in accordance with the features of Figure 69 and the various components and actual needs. The assembly and operation of the battery were substantially the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 The components of the second embodiment are installed in accordance with the features of Figure 69 and the various components and actual needs. The assembly and operation of the battery were substantially the same as in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on the EE
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on the AA
  • FIG. 70 is a schematic view of the components of the third embodiment.
  • the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are not provided with the electrolyte 5, and the third embodiment is composed of the air electrode positive electrode 1, the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, the air electrode positive electrode tab 12, and the air electrode positive electrode output.
  • the components of the third embodiment are installed in accordance with the features of Fig. 70 and the various components and actual needs.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 the core 6 and the metal negative electrode 2 are placed together in a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, or sandwiched between double film bags, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is
  • the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the inner surface film hole of the bioactive film 3 are bonded and bonded, the metal negative electrode 2 and the core 6 are closely bonded, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is mainly infiltrated into the core 6 to meet the reserve requirement.
  • the amount of reserves can be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and exists in a solid, semi-solid form, membrane, membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag, biological activity.
  • the sealing of the membrane 3 is preferably carried out by means of a membrane bag sealing device 31 in a vacuum environment (also in a natural environment) to seal the openings of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the assembly and operation of the battery were substantially the same as in Example 1, but since the electrolyte 5 was not contained, the ions were operated by the negative electrode electrolyte in the negative electrode unit.
  • FIG. 26, FIG. 27, and FIG. 71 relate to a rectangular parallelepiped coreless type air metal fuel cell.
  • Example 4 the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 were not loaded with the core 6 .
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on E-E
  • FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on A-A
  • FIG. 71 is a schematic view of a component of the fourth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 4 air electrode positive electrode 1, air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, air electrode positive electrode tab 12, air electrode positive electrode output line 13, air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, metal negative electrode 2 Metal negative electrode current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative electrode output line 23, metal fuel 24, film, film bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3, film bag sealing device 31, film bag edge bonding portion 32 , diaphragm 33, spacer 34, coating film coating 35, coating film coating material 36, siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, siphon film siphoning end 41, siphon film ion end 42, electrolyte 5, anti-shock buffer layer 7
  • Embodiment 5 The components of the fourth embodiment are mounted in accordance with the features of Figure 71 and the various components and actual needs. The assembly and operation were substantially the same as in Example 1, but without the participation of the core 6.
  • Embodiment 5 The assembly and operation were substantially the same as in Example 1, but without the participation of the core 6.
  • FIG. 28, FIG. 29, and FIG. 72 relate to a coreless, electrolyte-free metal fuel cell in a rectangular parallelepiped film bag.
  • the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 are not filled with the electrolyte 5 and the core 6.
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on E-E
  • FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on A-A
  • FIG. 72 is a schematic view of a part of the fifth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 5 air electrode positive electrode 1, air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, air electrode positive electrode tab 12, air electrode positive electrode output line 13, air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, metal negative electrode 2 Metal negative electrode current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative electrode output line 23, metal fuel 24, film, film bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3, film bag sealing device 31, film bag edge bonding portion 32 , diaphragm 33, spacer 34, coating film coating 35, coating film coating material 36, siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4, siphon film siphon end 41, siphon film ion end 42, shock buffer layer 7, negative electrode electrolysis
  • the liquid 8, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93, the battery case, and the support fixture 10 are configured.
  • Example 6 The components of the fifth embodiment are installed in accordance with the characteristics of Fig. 72 and the components and actual needs. The assembly and operation were substantially the same as in Example 1, but without the participation of the core 6 and the electrolyte 5.
  • Example 6 The assembly and operation were substantially the same as in Example 1, but without the participation of the core 6 and the electrolyte 5.
  • Figures 1, 4, 7, and 73 relate to a rectangular parallelepiped block of air metal fuel cell.
  • a layer of air electrode catalyst coating 17 is provided between the air electrode positive electrode inlet 14 of the air electrode positive electrode 1 and the air electrode carrier 15.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 on E-E
  • FIG. 7 is a picture of an enlarged area of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 73 is a schematic view of a part of the sixth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 6 Air electrode positive electrode 1, air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, air electrode positive electrode tab 12, air electrode positive electrode output line 13, air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, air electrode catalyst coating Layer 17, metal negative electrode 2, metal negative electrode current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative electrode output line 23, metal fuel 24, film, film bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3, film bag sealing device 31, a film bag edge bonding portion 32, a diaphragm 33, a spacer 34, a coating film coating material 35, a coating film coating material B36, a siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, a siphon film siphoning end 41, a siphon film ion end 42, Electrolyte 5, core 6, shock-absorbing buffer layer 7, negative electrode electrolyte 8, positive electrode electrolyte 9, positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, positive electrode electrolyte isolation device 92, positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93, battery casing and support fixed
  • the device 10 and the like are configured.
  • the components of the sixth embodiment are installed in accordance with the features of Fig. 73 and the various components and actual needs.
  • the assembly and operation are basically the same as in the first embodiment, but between the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 and the catalyst carrier 15, the air electrode catalyst coating 17 and the catalyst-loaded air electrode carrier 15 are uniformly adhered and tightly bonded.
  • the air electrode catalyst coating 17 participates in oxygen catalysis and current conduction.
  • Embodiment 7 Figure 66 relates to a triangular air metal fuel cell.
  • Embodiment 8 FIG. 67 relates to a circular air metal fuel cell.
  • Single-cell or series-parallel battery pack with outer casing effectively control the air inlet and outlet device 101 on the outer casing to control and close and open the high-power battery working in the single-cell or series-parallel mode of the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet channels.
  • the main purpose of the group, closing and opening the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet channels is: When the battery is in operation, in the natural air state, carbon dioxide is allowed to freely enter and exit the inlet and outlet devices 101 of the battery or the outer casing of the battery pack.
  • the battery or the inlet and outlet device 101 of the battery pack is completely closed, so that the damage of the carbon dioxide to the electrolyte in the battery or the battery pack (such as curing, neutralization, carbonation) is effectively avoided. Wait).
  • the components of the air metal fuel cell unit are mounted in accordance with the features of Figure 68 and the various components and actual requirements.
  • the assembly is basically the same as in Embodiment 1.
  • Figure 84 is a front elevational view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack housing.
  • Figure 85 is a rear elevational view of the air metal fuel cell battery pack housing.
  • the inlet and outlet device 101 is composed of three parts, a filtering device 1011, a switching device 1012, and a switch control device 1013.
  • the filtering device 1011 is an air filtering device that can filter solid substances such as impurities and dust in the air and block the air. a solid substance such as impurities or dust enters the battery pack,
  • the switch device 1012 is a channel on the air inlet and outlet device 101 that can be automatically opened and automatically closed according to changes in actual needs and conditions. The opening and closing of the switch device 1012 is completed under the control and action of the switch control device 1013.
  • Control device 1013 is the control and power device of switch device 1012 that controls the opening and closing of switch device 1012 based on actual demand and changes in conditions.
  • the power of the control device 1013 is derived from the power of the battery or the battery pack itself, and may be derived from external power or manually.
  • a switching device 1012 is installed on the "front” surface of the casing according to actual needs and conditions, and another switching device 1012 is installed on the "rear” surface of the casing according to actual needs and conditions.
  • control device 1013 is installed on the corresponding portion of the casing according to actual requirements and conditions.
  • a filter device 1011 is mounted on the "front" face of the switch device 1012 of the casing.
  • Another filter unit 1011 is mounted on the "rear" side of the outer casing of the switch unit 1012 so that the inlet and outlet units 101 of the "front" and “rear” sides of the air metal fuel cell stack are completed.
  • the air electrode positive electrode 1 side of the three battery cells faces the "right" side of the metal fuel cell battery pack case, according to the structure shown in Figs. 89 and 86. According to “front” and “back”, it is evenly placed on the bottom surface of the outer casing.
  • the metal negative output lines 23 of the three sets of single cells are connected by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc. to form a negative electrode of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack in this embodiment is constituted.
  • the installation work of the air metal fuel cell battery pack in the ninth embodiment of the mounting technique of A and B described above is completed.
  • the above installation process is preferably carried out in a vacuum or dust-free environment, but it can also be done under natural conditions.
  • the power of the battery pack itself may also be derived from external power, or the switch control device 1013 may be manually activated. Under the control and action of the switch control device 1013, the switch device 1012 is turned on, and the outside air passes through. The filtration of the filter device 1011 is then passed through the open switch device 1012 into a battery or battery pack within the housing 103. At the same time, the air in the outer casing 103 passes through the open switching device 1012 and then enters the outside air through the filtering device 1011.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of the assembled air metal fuel cell battery pack are respectively loaded with the load (the load is an oath for the current, such as a test instrument, a multimeter, a resistor, a light bulb, an appliance for current use, a coffee maker, a mobile phone, various electrical appliances, etc.)
  • the positive and negative poles are connected, and when the positive and negative poles are turned on, the power is turned on and the discharge starts.
  • the power generation process on the single cell can be divided into two operation schemes, and when the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is alkaline, it is the first operation scheme. When the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is a neutral electrolyte, it is the second operation scheme.
  • Oxygen in the air entering the outer casing through the inlet and outlet device 101 on the outer casing diffuses into the air electrode carrier 15, and the oxygen molecules are combined with the catalyst 16 on the air electrode carrier 15, and the oxygen molecules are dissociated under the catalysis of the catalyst 16.
  • Hydrogen peroxide ions, hydroxide ions and water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 form hydrated hydroxide ions, hydrated hydroxide ions under the action of the positive and negative electric fields of the battery, pass through the ion channel 42 of the siphon membrane to reach the membrane,
  • the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the outer film surface of the bioactive film 3 are coated with the coating film coating 35 on the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3, and the coating film coating 35 is ⁇
  • the water-based hydrophobic substance, therefore, the water molecules cannot enter the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the coating film coating 35 are of the same nature.
  • the materials can be mutually affinity, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is contained in the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, and adhered to the film.
  • the hydrated hydroxide ions in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 transfer the hydroxide ions to the negative electrode electrolyte 8, so that the hydroxide ions pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag,
  • the bioactive film 3 enters the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and then continues to move under the action of the positive and negative electric fields of the battery in the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5 up to the surface of the negative electrode fuel 24, and the surface of the negative electrode fuel 24
  • the metal ions on the combination combine to form a metal hydroxide, and while the hydroxide ions are combined with the metal ions, electrons emitted from the metal ions on the surface of the anode fuel 24 pass through the anode fuel 24 to enter the
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 and the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 are conducted under the conduction of the air electrode carrier 15 to form a continuous and stable current.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected, and at the same time maintain a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, thereby greatly reducing and saving the positive electrode electrolyte.
  • the use of 9 reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the volume and weight of the battery.
  • the supply quantity and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the regulated current amount can be controlled, and the battery temperature is too high under the condition of matching with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved in a normal temperature manner.
  • the hydroxide ions and electrons in the battery will also stop the above movement, and the coating is applied due to the structural characteristics of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • There is a coating coating 35 so that water and other molecular substances in the positive electrolyte 9 cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enter the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, It does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, so there is no problem of self-discharge, overheating, expansion, explosion, etc. of the battery during the battery placement process.
  • the metal ions on the surface of the anode fuel 24 enter the anode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and move through the electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5 to the membrane, the membrane bag, and the organism.
  • the membrane pocket and the outer membrane surface of the active membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 are attached to the outer membrane surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, due to the membrane, the membrane bag,
  • the bioactive film bag and the bioactive film 3 are coated with a coating film coating 35, and the coating film coating 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance, so water molecules cannot pass through the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film.
  • the hydrated metal ion combines with the hydrated hydroxide ion in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a metal hydroxide, which is hydrated. While the metal ions are combined with the hydrated hydroxide ions in the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the metal atoms on the surface of the negative electrode fuel 24 release electrons and dissociate into metal ions and enter the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5.
  • the electrons emitted from the metal atoms on the surface of the anode fuel 24 pass through the anode fuel 24 and enter the metal anode current collector 21, and the metal anode current collector 21 conducts the collected electrons to the battery through the metal anode tab 22 and the metal anode output line 23.
  • the negative pole of the group is then transmitted to the load through the connection line between the negative pole of the battery pack and the load, and then passes through the load, enters the connection line between the load and the battery pack, and then goes to the positive output line 13 of the air electrode.
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12, the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, the air electrode positive electrode output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode tab 12, and the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 are guided to the air electrode carrier 15 to form a continuous Stable current.
  • the cathode material is pure oxygen, the current of the battery and battery pack will be more stable, the electric power is higher, and the current density is higher, at least three times that of air as the cathode material
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected, and at the same time maintain a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, thereby greatly reducing and saving the positive electrode electrolyte.
  • the use of 9 reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the volume and weight of the battery.
  • the supply quantity and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the regulated current amount can be controlled, and the battery temperature is too high under the condition of matching with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved in a normal temperature manner.
  • the hydroxide ions and electrons in the battery will also stop the above movement, and the coating is applied due to the structural characteristics of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • There is a coating coating 35 so that water and other molecular substances in the positive electrolyte 9 cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enter the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, It does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, so there is no problem of self-discharge of the battery during the placement of the battery.
  • the power of the battery pack itself may also be derived from external power, or the switch control device 1013 may be manually activated.
  • the switch device 1012 When it is turned off, the outside air cannot enter the battery or battery pack in the casing 103.
  • the air inside the outer casing 103 also cannot enter the outside air.
  • Pure oxygen is used as the positive electrode material of the metal fuel cell.
  • the current of the battery and the battery pack will be more stable, the electric power is higher, and the current density is higher, at least three times that of the positive electrode material, and the volume of the battery and the battery pack can be reduced. Reduce the weight of batteries and battery packs, and save the cost of battery and battery pack production. It can be used in a natural state, or in a place where the air is thin, where oxygen is absent or there is no oxygen. For example, the atmosphere, or outside the atmosphere, deep sea, or underwater and Asia-Pacific space.
  • FIG. 68 relating to the innovative metal leg battery cell of the present invention
  • the components of the metal fuel cell unit in which pure oxygen is a positive electrode material are installed in accordance with the characteristics of Fig. 68 and the respective components and actual needs.
  • the preparation of the battery is basically the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 94 is a cross-sectional view of the metal fuel cell battery pack case in which pure oxygen is a positive electrode material
  • Fig. 86 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 94 in the B-B direction.
  • the battery or battery component is three-part, one part is a storage part of the positive electrode material, and the other part is a power generation part. One part is the connection part of the storage part and the power generation part.
  • the storage portion of the positive electrode material is composed of a pure oxygen storage tank 106, a gas filling device 1062, an oxygen supply device 1063, and pure oxygen 1061.
  • the power generation portion is composed of a casing 103, a single battery 102, and a pure oxygen device 1016.
  • the connecting portion of the storage portion and the power generating portion is constituted by the pressure regulating switch device 107.
  • the air electrode positive electrode 1 side of the three battery cells faces the "right" side of the metal fuel cell battery pack case, according to the structure shown in Figs. 94 and 86. According to “front” and “back”, it is evenly placed on the bottom surface of the outer casing.
  • the metal negative output lines 23 of the three sets of single cells are connected together by welding, stamping, printing, spraying, high-pressure high-temperature spraying, coating, etc. to form a negative electrode of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack in this embodiment is constructed.
  • the storage portion of the positive electrode material and the already assembled power generating portion are connected by the connecting portion of the storage portion and the power generating portion.
  • the oxygen supply device 1016 on the outer casing 103 and the oxygen supply device 1063 on the pure oxygen storage tank 106 are connected through the pressure regulating switch device 107, at which time the pressure regulating switch device 107 is in a completely closed state.
  • the pure oxygen 1061 is then added to the pure oxygen storage tank 106 via the gas charging unit 1062 based on actual demand and conditions.
  • the installation work of the metal fuel cell battery pack in which the pure oxygen is the positive electrode material in the tenth embodiment of the mounting technique of A and B described above is completed.
  • the above installation process is preferably carried out under vacuum or pure oxygen conditions, but it can also be done under natural conditions.
  • the voltage regulating switch device 107 is turned on according to the actual demand and the condition to adjust the corresponding pressure, and oxygen is supplied to the single cell or the battery pack oxygen through the pure oxygen device 1016 on the outer casing 3, and the positive electrode material as the power generating portion participates in the power generation. .
  • the outer casing is filled with oxygen of corresponding pressure.
  • the assembled pure oxygen is used as the positive electrode material.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of the metal fuel cell battery pack are respectively loaded with the load (the load is an oath for the current, such as test instruments, multimeters, resistors, bulbs, current-using appliances, coffee
  • the positive and negative poles on the pot, mobile phone, various electrical appliances, etc. are connected. When the positive and negative poles are turned on, the power is turned on and the discharge starts.
  • the power generation process on the single cell can be divided into two operation schemes.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is alkaline, it is the first operation scheme.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is a neutral electrolyte, it is a second operation scheme.
  • the hydroxide ions form hydrated hydroxide ions with the water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the hydrated hydroxide ions pass through the ionic terminal 42 of the siphon membrane to reach the membrane, the membrane pocket, and the bioactive membrane under the action of the positive and negative electric fields of the battery.
  • the outer surface of the bag and the bioactive film 3 is coated with a coating film 35 on the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3, and the coating film coating 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance.
  • the water molecules cannot enter the electrolyte 5 and the negative electrolyte 8 through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the negative electrolyte 8 and the coating coating 35 are materials of the same nature (ie, all belong to The non-polar substance) may be mutually compatible, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is contained in the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, and adhered to the film hole of the inner surface of the film, at this time, the positive electrode electrolyte
  • the hydrated hydroxide ion in 9 transfers the hydroxide ion to the negative electrode electrolyte 8, so that the hydroxide ion passes through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enters the negative electrolyte 8 and In the solution 5, the movement is continued in the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5 under the action of the positive and negative electric fields of the battery, until the surface of the anode fuel 24 is combined with the
  • connection between the circuit and the air electrode positive output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode 12, the air electrode positive current collector 11, the air electrode positive output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode 12, the air electrode positive current collector The conduction of 11 enters the air electrode carrier 15 to form a continuous and stable current.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected, and at the same time maintain a basic limit with the air electrode positive electrode 1, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, thereby greatly reducing and saving the positive electrode electrolyte.
  • the use of 9 reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the volume and weight of the battery.
  • the supply amount and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the adjustment current amount can be controlled, and the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 can be completely solved under the condition of cooperation with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of excessive battery temperature, expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved at a normal temperature.
  • the hydroxide ions and electrons in the battery will also stop the above movement, and the coating is applied due to the structural characteristics of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • There is a coating coating 35 so that water and other molecular substances in the positive electrolyte 9 cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enter the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, It does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, so there is no problem of self-discharge of the battery during the placement of the battery.
  • the metal ions on the surface of the anode fuel 24 are subjected to the electric field of the battery, and the metal ions enter the anode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and move through the electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5 to the membrane, the membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane.
  • the film and the outer membrane surface of the bioactive membrane 3, at this time, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is adhered to the outer membrane surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, due to the membrane, the membrane pouch, and the biological activity.
  • the film bag and the bioactive film 3 are coated with a coating film coating material 35, and the coating film coating material 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance, so that water molecules cannot enter through the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film 3
  • the coating film coating material 35 is a hydrophobic hydrophobic substance, so that water molecules cannot enter through the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biologically active film 3
  • it can only adhere to the outer membrane surface of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3, so as to move to the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3
  • the metal ions on the surface of the membrane and the outer membrane enter the positive electrode electrolyte 9 under the action of the electric field of the positive and negative electrodes, and combine with the water in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a hydrated metal ion, a water alloy.
  • the hydrated metal ions combine with the hydrated hydroxide ions in the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to form a metal hydroxide, and the hydrated hydroxide ion in the hydrated metal ion and the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the metal atoms on the surface of the anode fuel 24 release electrons to dissociate into metal ions and enter the anode electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5.
  • the electrons emitted from the metal atoms on the surface of the anode fuel 24 pass through the anode fuel 24 and enter the metal anode current collector 21, and the metal anode current collector 21 conducts the collected electrons to the battery through the metal anode tab 22 and the metal anode output line 23.
  • the negative pole of the group is then transmitted to the load through the connection line between the negative pole of the battery pack and the load, and then passes through the load, enters the connection line between the load and the battery pack, and then goes to the positive electrode output line 13 of the air electrode, air.
  • the electrode positive electrode tab 12, the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, the air electrode positive electrode output line 13, the air electrode positive electrode tab 12, and the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 enter the air electrode carrier 15 to form a continuous stable state. Current.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is coated thereon, so that the water and other molecular properties of the positive electrode electrolyte 9
  • the substance cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, enters the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, and does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, thus fundamentally solving the metal fuel 24 A worldwide problem of corrosion, gas production, battery voltage hysteresis, heat generation, expansion, self-combustion, explosion, etc.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it maintains the liquid state of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and exists in the form of solid and semi-solid, and can also be combined with the air electrode positive electrode 1, membrane, membrane bag, biological
  • the active membrane bag and the bioactive membrane 3 are well fused and connected to the positive electrode of the air electrode.
  • the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 maintain a basic limit, which greatly reduces and saves the use amount of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the battery.
  • the volume and weight is greatly reduces and saves the use amount of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, reduces the cost, stabilizes the operating state of the electrolyte, and reduces the battery.
  • the supply quantity and supply temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be adjusted, and the stability of the regulated current amount can be controlled, and the battery temperature is too high under the condition of matching with the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • the problem of expansion and self-ignition ensures that the battery is in a high temperature and low temperature state, and the operating state is improved in a normal temperature manner.
  • the hydroxide ions and electrons in the battery will also stop the above movement, and the coating is applied due to the structural characteristics of the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3.
  • There is a coating coating 35 so that water and other molecular substances in the positive electrolyte 9 cannot pass through the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and enter the negative electrolyte 8 and the electrolyte 5, It does not enter the surface of the metal fuel 24, so there is no problem of self-discharge of the battery during the placement of the battery.
  • the positive electrode material used in the metal fuel cell battery pack of the positive electrode material is pure oxygen, so the battery and the battery pack are completely isolated from the outside air, and the carbon dioxide in the air and air cannot enter the battery or the battery pack, so that is Stabilizing the current, increasing the electric power, increasing the current density, and completely and completely avoiding the damage of the carbon dioxide to the electrolyte in the battery or the battery pack (such as curing, neutralization, carbonation, etc.).
  • Fig. 74 is a cross-sectional view on Fig. 1 on G-G.
  • Fig. 75, Fig. 76, Fig. 77 are enlarged views of Fig. 74 on the E area.
  • immersion means that the metal alloy element 37 and the non-metal alloy element 38 are added to the membrane, the membrane bag, and the biological method by a certain method, as if the oil is slowly infiltrated into the paper.
  • metal alloys can be chemically used, chemical deposition, electroplating, ion plating, vapor deposition, vacuum ion plating, high pressure ion spray coating, high temperature and high pressure.
  • Ion spray coating method synthesis and other methods, physical methods, spray method, molecular sputtering method, nanotechnology, ultrasonic mixing, etc., or biological methods: biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological viscosity
  • metal alloys can be chemically used, chemical deposition, electroplating, ion plating, vapor deposition, vacuum ion plating, high pressure ion spray coating, high temperature and high pressure.
  • the electrolyte 5 is the electrolyte described herein from beginning to end, and only a metal alloy is added here.
  • At least one metal alloy element 37 such as magnesium, aluminum, lead, tin, indium, manganese, nickel, ruthenium, osmium, platinum, or the like is not limited to one metal.
  • at least one non-metallic alloying element 38 not limited to one type such as silicon, carbon, selenium, iodine, sulfur, etc., non-metals in the periodic table of the elements are selectively produced into membranes, membrane pockets, biologically active by the above-described process techniques
  • the film bag and the bioactive film 3 are corresponding parts.
  • At least one metal alloying element 37 not limited to one is formed into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a corresponding portion on the bioactive film 3 by the above-described process technology.
  • At least one non-metallic alloying element 38 is selectively produced by the above-described process techniques onto the corresponding portions of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3.
  • At least one metal alloy element 37 not limited to one is combined with a film, a bag film, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, or a plurality of process technologies as described above.
  • At least one non-metallic alloying element 38 not limited to one is combined with a film, a pouch film, a bioactive film pouch, and a bioactive film 3, and at least one metal alloying element 37 and at least one not limited to one may be used.
  • the non-metallic alloying element 38 is not limited to a combination of a film, a pouch film, a bioactive film pouch, and a bioactive film 3, forming an inseparable and seamless one of the world's only innovative membranes, membrane pouches, and creatures. Active membrane pouch, new structure of bioactive membrane 3, new material.
  • the above-mentioned method can also effectively solve the series of worldwide problems of air metal fuel cells that are not currently solved by air metal fuel cells. For example: metal corrosion, discharge stop, rapid current depletion in a short time, power failure, battery temperature is too high, expansion, self-burning and other issues. Moreover, this method has significantly reduced costs compared to the methods of metal alloys that are currently being developed and explored. Make it simpler and easier.
  • a metal alloy film bag is effectively formed, which effectively replaces the metal fuel alloy (in order to reduce and prevent metal corrosion, continuously adding other anti-corrosive metal elements to the metal itself) has been used in experiments.
  • the effect is not ideal, and the cost is high, because it is a synthetic alloy metal, such as aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, iron alloy, etc.).
  • the alloy metal can be directly used as a single metal, such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, iron, tin, etc., and can be used directly.
  • Metal alloy film bags can be used multiple times, repeatedly, and recycled, which greatly saves costs, and solves the series of problems safely and completely.
  • the non-metallic alloying element 38 is "immersed” into the membrane, the membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane 3, and the “at least one non-metallic element 38" is “immersed” into the membrane, the membrane pouch, and the bioactive membrane. Bag, bioactive membrane 3 in.
  • the non-metallic alloying element 38 is at least one non-metallic element added to the metal fuel 24 to form an alloy metal fuel, here "immersed" into the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pouch, the bioactive membrane 3
  • the non-metallic alloy elements 38 may be non-metals in the periodic table of elements such as silicon, carbon, selenium, iodine, sulfur, and the like.
  • a metal alloying element 37 and a non-metal alloying element 38 are "immersed” into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, and at least one metal alloying element 37 and at least one non-metallic element. 38 "immersed” into the membrane, membrane bag, bioactive membrane bag, bioactive membrane 3,
  • the metal alloy element 37 is at least one metal element added to the metal fuel 24 to form an alloy metal fuel, which is herein "immersed” into a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, and a metal element on the bioactive film 3, these metals
  • the alloying element 37 may be a metal in the periodic table of elements such as magnesium, aluminum, lead, tin, indium, manganese, nickel, ruthenium or the like.
  • non-metallic alloying element 38 is at least one non-metallic element added to the metal fuel 24 to form an alloy metal fuel, here "immersed” into the membrane, the membrane pocket, the bioactive membrane pouch, the non-metallic element on the bioactive membrane 3
  • These non-metallic alloying elements 38 may be non-metals in the periodic table of elements such as silicon, carbon, selenium, iodine, sulfur, and the like.
  • the metal alloy element 37 and the non-metal alloy element 38 may be "immersed" into the electrolyte 5 in different ways, methods, and techniques.
  • the metal alloying element 37 is “immersed” in the electrolyte 5, and at least one metal alloying element 37 different from the metal fuel 24 is “immersed” into the electrolyte 5,
  • the metal alloying element 37 and the non-metallic alloying element 38 are "immersed” in the electrolyte 5, and at least one metal alloying element 37 different from the metal fuel 24 and a non-metallic alloying element 38 are "immersed” into the electrolyte 5,
  • the metal alloying element 37 and the non-metal alloying element 38 can be made into a structure having a film, a film bag, a bioactive film bag, a bioactive film 3, and an electrolyte 5 ion permeability, directly replacing the film, the film bag,
  • the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, and the electrolyte 5 may be combined into a battery, and the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, and the electrolyte 5 may be combined.
  • the innovative structure and technique of the present invention both eliminate the effects of metal corrosion by alloying and reduce the cost of alloying.
  • the metal fuel 24 is alloyed to reduce the corrosion of the metal fuel 24 by the electrolyte, thereby reducing the self-discharge of the battery, but after each discharge of the battery, the metal alloy element in the alloy metal fuel 24 is required.
  • the reduction, especially the reduction of the metal alloying element 37 in the alloy metal fuel 24, requires more procedures for the reduction, and even after the reduction is completed, more steps are added to alloy the metal fuel. .
  • some precious metal elements and some rare elements this will inevitably increase the manufacturing process and manufacturing cost of the battery alloy metal fuel 24, and the innovative structure and technology of the present invention only need to reduce and prevent the metal alloy elements of the metal fuel 24.
  • the non-metallic alloying element 38 the sub-intensity “immersion” into the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the electrolyte 5 can solve the corrosion problem of the metal fuel 24 for a long time, which reduces the problem.
  • the steps of the manufacturing process of the metal fuel 24 further reduce the production cost of the metal fuel 24.
  • Aluminum (A1) is used as a matrix, and elements such as indium In, magnesium Mg, tin Sn, and lead Pb are added thereto to form an aluminum alloy as a negative electrode of the battery, which has a smaller self-corrosion rate.
  • elements such as indium In, magnesium Mg, tin Sn, lead Pb, etc. to the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, and the electrolyte 5
  • the problem of corrosion of the metal aluminum (A1) can be solved for a long time, which not only reduces the steps of the production process of the metal fuel 24, but also reduces the production cost of the metal fuel 24.
  • Embodiment 12 Dynamic air metal fuel cell structure
  • FIG. 78 is a dynamic structure air metal fuel cell in which the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is moved by the innovation of the present invention.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25 The negative electrode electrolyte pump 25, the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251, the negative electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 252, the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, the negative electrode electrolyte isolation device 82, the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 83, and the negative electrode electrolyte
  • Negative Electrolyte Pump 25 is a device that can pulsate the movement of the negative electrode electrolyte 8, can withstand the corrosion of the negative electrode electrolyte 8, and can be used for a long time, may be a diaphragm pump, or Peristaltic pumps, vacuum pumps, and other equipment.
  • the power of the negative electrolyte pump 25 can be derived from an external power source, open source and the battery itself, or can be derived from other devices. Its operation and stop are controlled by the battery management system.
  • negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251 a tubular body in which the negative electrode electrolyte solution 8 can flow, which is a liquid suction end of the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25, and one end is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811 The other end is connected to the negative electrolyte pump 25.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 can be introduced into the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25 through the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251.
  • (DT-3) negative electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 252 a tubular body in which the negative electrode electrolyte 8 can flow, which is the liquid discharge end of the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25, and one end is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, The other end is connected to the negative electrolyte pump 25.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is introduced into the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 through the negative electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 252 by the action of the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 is used for storing the negative electrode electrolyte 8 as a hollow cavity, and has a shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a rectangular cylinder, a sphere, and the like, and has at least two openings, one of which is a negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to high temperature.
  • the opening of the anti-freezing material 43 into the liquid-absorbing end is used for adsorbing the negative electrode electrolyte 8, and then the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is adsorbed between the metal fuel 24 and the siphon film to the high-temperature antifreezing material 4, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is supplemented with an opening.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 may be integrally connected to the battery so as to share the battery case and the support fixture 10 with other components of the battery, or may be separate from the battery. It is also possible that two or more batteries share a negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81. In order to prevent the negative electrode electrolyte 8 from leaking from the two openings of the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, some of the adsorbent material may be filled in the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 may be solidified onto the adsorbent material. Use: sponge, absorbent cotton, foamed carbon nanomaterials, fiberglass, etc.
  • the material used for the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 may be: ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, plastic steel, alloy, metal, etc.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 has an opening for allowing the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to enter the high temperature antifreeze material 43, and the electrolyte is prevented from leaking from the opening and the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreezing material 43.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte isolation device 82 is a sealing device, and the sealing rubber ring can be used. Fluorine sealing rubber ring, graphite sealing mud, etc.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 It is an opening in the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 for supplementing the negative electrode electrolyte 8, and the negative electrode electrolyte 8 can also be discharged therefrom.
  • a switch is provided on the inlet and outlet passage 83 of the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber. When the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is replenished, it can be opened, and the replenishment is completed and then closed. When the negative electrode electrolyte 8 needs to be discharged, the switch of the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber into and out of the passage 83 is now opened, and then closed after completion.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811 is used for storing the negative electrode electrolyte solution 8, the stored negative electrode electrolyte solution 8 is from the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, and the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 43 is adsorbed from the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81. Then, it flows into the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811 at a certain speed.
  • the second storage chamber 811 of the negative electrode electrolyte is a hollow cavity, and has a shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a rectangular cylinder, a sphere, and the like, and has at least two openings, one of which is an opening of the negative electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43. And used to flow the negative electrode electrolyte 8 into the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811, and an opening for replenishing and discharging the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the negative electrolyte second storage chamber 811 may be integral with the battery so that it can share the battery housing and support fixture 10 with other components of the battery, or it can be separate from the battery. It is also possible that two or more batteries share a negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811.
  • the second storage chamber 811 of the negative electrode electrolyte may be filled with some adsorbent material to cure the negative electrode electrolyte 8 to the adsorbent material.
  • the above may be selected as: sponge, absorbent cotton, foamed carbon nanomaterial, glass fiber, etc.
  • the second storage chamber 811 may be made of materials: ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, plastic steel, alloy, metal, etc.
  • the second storage chamber 811 of the negative electrode electrolyte has an opening for allowing the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to enter the high temperature antifreeze material 43, in order to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from the opening and the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43.
  • a second separator 821 for the negative electrode electrolyte is provided, and the second separator 821 of the negative electrode electrolyte does not affect the adsorption capacity of the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43.
  • the electrode electrolyte second isolation device 821 is a sealing device, which can be used with a sealing rubber ring, a PTFE sealing rubber ring, a graphite sealing mud, and the like.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 831 is provided with a switch, which can be opened when the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is replenished, and is closed after the replenishment is completed.
  • the switch for the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber to enter and exit the passage 831 is first opened, and then closed after completion.
  • the shape of the cross section may be a regular rectangle, the shape of the cross section may be a wave shape, the shape is the same as the shape of the asbestos tile, the color steel tile, the anode electrolyte wicking film is removed from the end of the high temperature antifreeze material 43 in the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber.
  • the antifreeze material 43 is located between the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 and the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811, and the remaining portion is mostly sandwiched between the negative electrode fuel 24 and the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, which is the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is located between the negative electrolyte electrolyte siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 43 and the siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4, in fact, the coating film coating material 35 is applied to the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43, which is specifically described here.
  • Negative Electrolyte Siphon Film De-High Temperature Antifreeze Material 43 Optional material with adsorption capacity: Polyethylene film, polypropylene film, glass fiber separator, PVC diaphragm and other materials. Foam nano carbon, cotton wool, linen, etc.
  • (DT-11) ⁇ film coating material 35 where the coating film coating 35 is not applied to the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, the bioactive film 3, but is applied to the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to high temperature.
  • the method of applying the coating film coating material 35 on the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreezing material 43 and the coating film coating material 35 are applied on the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the biological activity.
  • the method on film 3 is the same. Further, the details of the material of the coating film coating material 35 are the same as those of the coating film coating material 35 applied to the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3.
  • the structure of the positive electrode 1 of the air electrode, the high temperature antifreeze material of the siphon film 4, the positive electrode electrolyte 9 and the like is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is fixed around the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 around the periphery, and the fixing can be directly adhered by glue, adhesive, etc., or can be sealed and sealed.
  • the pad is fixed by a mechanical method of extrusion, can also be fixed by a pressure device, and can be fixed by other means.
  • the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is connected to the air electrode carrier 15
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 is connected to the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11
  • the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 and the air electrode positive electrode terminal are connected. Ear 12 is connected.
  • Catalyst 16 can be subjected to chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate , such as cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • the circumference and the periphery of the air electrode carrier 15 are auxiliaryly fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and then the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 which has been fixed in the front is tightly coupled with the air electrode carrier 15 loaded with the catalyst, and is tightly closed. During the bonding process, the air between the air is discharged, so that the air electrode positive electrode 1 is ready for installation.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is connected to the metal fuel 24, the metal negative electrode tab 22 is connected to the metal negative electrode current collector 21, and the metal negative electrode output line 23 is connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22, so that the metal The negative electrode 2 is ready for installation.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251 and the negative electrode electrolyte pump outlet device 252, and the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811 to connect the negative electrode.
  • the electrolyte pump discharge device 252 is connected to the negative electrolyte storage chamber 81
  • smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 For the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4, a part of the siphon film ion end 42 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used. The wicking film is sealed at the junction of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is applied to the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43, and one end thereof is placed in the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 containing the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the anode electrolyte siphon film is sealed with the negative electrode electrolyte isolation device 82 to the junction of the high temperature antifreeze material 43 and the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 92, and the other end is placed in the second electrolyte storage chamber of the negative electrode electrolyte. 811, and sealing the junction of the negative electrolyte syphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43 and the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 921 with the negative electrode electrolyte second isolation device 821,
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8 is introduced into the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 through the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passages 83.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used to seal the junction of the wicking film high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the battery case and the support fixture 10 are mounted as batteries according to the characteristics of FIG. 78 and the components and actual requirements. In this way, when the load is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, current output can be obtained.
  • Fig. 79 is a dynamic structure air metal Lin battery of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 which is innovative in the invention.
  • Positive electrode electrolyte pump 18 positive electrolyte pump inlet device 181, positive electrolyte pump outlet device 182 positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911, positive electrode electrolyte second isolation device 921, positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber access channel 931.
  • (DT-12) Cathode Electrolyte Pump 18 It is a device that can move the positive electrode electrolyte 9 and can withstand the corrosion of the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and can be used for a long time, either as a diaphragm pump or as a diaphragm pump. Peristaltic pumps, vacuum pumps, and other equipment.
  • the power of the positive electrolyte pump 18 can be derived from an external power source, open source and the battery itself, or from other devices. Its operation and stop are controlled by the battery management system.
  • (DT-13) positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181 a tubular body in which the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can flow, which is a liquid suction end of the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18, and one end is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 The other end is connected to the positive electrolyte pump 18.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can be introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18 through the positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181.
  • (DT-14) positive electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 182 a tubular body in which the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can flow, which is the liquid discharge end of the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18, and one end is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 The other end is connected to the positive electrolyte pump 18.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 182 by the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 is used for storing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the stored positive electrode electrolyte 9 is from the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, and the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4 is adsorbed from the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the velocity flows into the second electrolyte storage chamber 911.
  • the second electrolyte storage chamber 911 is a hollow cavity, and has a shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a rectangular cylinder, a sphere, and the like, and has at least two openings, one of which is an opening of the siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4 for opening.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is poured into the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911, and an opening is added and discharged from the positive electrode electrolyte 9.
  • the positive electrolyte second storage chamber 911 may be integral with the battery so that it can share the battery housing and support fixture 10 with other components of the battery, or it can be separate from the battery. It is also possible that two or more batteries share a positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 may be filled with some adsorbent material to cure the positive electrode electrolyte 9 to the adsorptive state.
  • Materials can be used: sponge, cotton wool, foam carbon nanomaterials, fiberglass, etc.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 has an opening for allowing the siphon film to enter the high temperature antifreeze material 4, and a positive electrode electrolyte is provided to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from the opening and the siphon film to the high temperature antifreezing material 4.
  • the second isolation device 921, the positive electrode electrolyte second isolation device 921 does not affect the adsorption capacity of the siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 4, and the positive electrode electrolyte second isolation device 921 is a sealing device, which can be used for sealing rubber ring, polytetrafluoroethylene. Seal rubber ring, graphite seal mud, etc.
  • An opening in the second storage chamber 911 of the positive electrode electrolyte is used to replenish and discharge the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 can also be discharged therefrom.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 931 is provided with a switch, which can be opened when the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is supplemented, and is closed after the completion of the replenishment.
  • the switch for the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber to enter and exit the channel 931 is first opened, and then closed.
  • the dynamic structure of the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is composed of the air electrode positive electrode 1, the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, the air. Electrode positive electrode tab 12, air electrode positive electrode output line 13, air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, positive electrode electrolyte pump 18, positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181, positive electrode electrolyte pumping solution Device 182, metal negative electrode 2, metal negative electrode current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative electrode output line 23, metal fuel 24, membrane, membrane bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3, membrane bag sealing device 31, Film bag edge bonding portion 32, diaphragm 33, spacer 34, coating film coating material 35 coating film coating material B 36, siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4, siphon film siphon end 41, siphon film ion end 42, electrolyte 5.
  • the structure of the air metal negative electrode 2, the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3, the siphon membrane to the high temperature antifreeze material 4, the electrolyte 5, the core 6, the shockproof buffer layer 7, etc. are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is fixed around the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 around the periphery, and the fixing can be directly adhered by glue, adhesive, etc., or can be sealed and sealed.
  • the pad is fixed by a mechanical method of extrusion, can also be fixed by a pressure device, and can be fixed by other means.
  • the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is connected to the air electrode carrier 15, the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 is connected to the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, and the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 and the air electrode positive electrode terminal are connected. Ear 12 is connected.
  • Catalyst 16 can be subjected to chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate , such as cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • the circumference and the periphery of the air electrode carrier 15 are auxiliaryly fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and then the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 which has been fixed in the front is tightly coupled with the air electrode carrier 15 loaded with the catalyst, and is tightly closed. During the bonding process, the air between the air is discharged, so that the air electrode positive electrode 1 is ready for installation.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181 and the positive electrode electrolyte pump outlet device 182, and the positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 to provide a positive electrode.
  • the electrolyte pump discharge device 182 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is connected to the metal fuel 24
  • the metal negative electrode tab 22 is connected to the metal negative electrode current collector 21
  • the metal negative electrode output line 23 is connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22, so that the metal The negative electrode 2 is ready for installation.
  • the membrane 33 and the separator 34 are formed into a membrane, a membrane bag, a bioactive membrane bag, a bioactive membrane 3 according to a desired size, and the coating film is coated.
  • the film 35, the coating film coating material B 36 is applied to the corresponding portions of the film, the film bag, the bioactive film bag, and the bioactive film 3 according to a certain method, and the film bag sealing device 31 is prepared.
  • smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 For the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4, a part of the siphon film ion end 42 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used. The wicking film is sealed at the junction of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the other end of the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the second electrolyte storage chamber 911 of the positive electrode electrolyte, and the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 by using the positive electrode electrolyte second isolation device 921.
  • the joint is sealed.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte separator 92. After the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4, the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used to seal the junction of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the fabricated electrolyte 5 is applied to the metal fuel 24, and after being processed, it is placed in the film bag together with the core 6 in a certain order, or the electrolyte 5 may be formed into a sheet structure.
  • the metal fuel 24 are placed into the film bag in a certain order, and the electrolyte 5 core 6 and the metal fuel 24 are placed in the film bag in a certain order, in the film, the film bag, and the biological activity.
  • the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3 is added with the anode electrolyte 8, and the electrolyte 8 is immersed in the electrolyte 5 core 6 and the metal fuel 24, and the membrane bag sealing device 31 is used to prepare the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the biological
  • the active film 3 is sealed.
  • the film bag containing the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the electrolyte 5, the core 6, and the metal fuel 24 is auxiliaryly fixed to the battery case and the support fixture 10.
  • the membrane bag containing the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the electrolyte 5, the core 6, the metal fuel 24, the part of the siphon membrane ion end 42 of the high temperature antifreeze material 4, and the air electrode positive electrode 1 are closely combined, in the three The air is discharged from the joint and can also be operated directly in the vacuum glove box.
  • the prepared air electrode positive electrode 1, metal negative electrode 2, membrane, membrane bag, bioactive film bag, bioactive film 3, siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 4, electrolyte 5, core 6, and shockproof buffer layer 7 can be prepared.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the battery case, and the support fixture 10 are mounted as batteries in accordance with the characteristics of FIG. 79 and the respective components and actual needs. In this way, when the load is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, a current output can be obtained.
  • Figure 80 is an innovative negative electrode electrolyte of the present invention.
  • the positive electrolyte 9 also moves the dynamic structure of the air metal fuel cell.
  • the air metal fuel cell is composed of an air electrode positive electrode 1, an air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, an air electrode positive electrode tab 12, an air electrode positive electrode output line 13, and an air electrode positive electrode.
  • Gas device 14 air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, positive electrolyte pump 18, positive electrolyte pump inlet device 181, positive electrolyte pump discharge device 182, metal negative electrode 2, metal negative current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative output line 23, metal fuel 24, negative electrolyte pump 25, negative electrolyte pump inlet device 251, negative electrolyte pump outlet device 252, coating film coating 35, siphon membrane high temperature antifreeze material 4 Siphon film siphon end 41, siphon film ion end 42, negative electrode electrolyte siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 43, shock-proof buffer layer 7, negative electrode electrolyte 8, negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, negative electrode electrolyte isolation device 82, negative electrode electrolysis Liquid storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 83, negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811, and negative electrode electrolyte second partition The device 821, the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 831, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91,
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is fixed around the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 around the periphery, and the fixing can be directly adhered by glue, adhesive, etc., or can be sealed and sealed.
  • the pad is fixed by a mechanical method of extrusion, can also be fixed by a pressure device, and can be fixed by other means.
  • the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is connected to the air electrode carrier 15
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 is connected to the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11
  • the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 and the air electrode positive electrode terminal are connected. Ear 12 is connected.
  • Catalyst 16 can be subjected to chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate , such as cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • the circumference and the periphery of the air electrode carrier 15 are auxiliaryly fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and then the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 which has been fixed in the front is tightly coupled with the air electrode carrier 15 loaded with the catalyst, and is tightly closed. During the bonding process, the air between the air is discharged, so that the air electrode positive electrode 1 is ready for installation.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte pump 18 and the positive electrode electrolyte pumping device 181 and the positive electrode electrolyte The pump discharge device 182 is turned on, and the positive electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 181 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911, and the positive electrode electrolyte pump discharge device 182 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is connected to the metal fuel 24, the metal negative electrode tab 22 is connected to the metal negative electrode current collector 21, and the metal negative electrode output line 23 is connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22, so that the metal The negative electrode 2 is ready for installation.
  • the negative electrode electrolyte pump 25 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251 and the negative electrode electrolyte pump outlet device 252, and the negative electrode electrolyte pump inlet device 251 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 811 to connect the negative electrode.
  • the electrolyte pump discharge device 252 is connected to the negative electrolyte storage chamber 81
  • smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 For the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4, a part of the siphon film ion end 42 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used. The wicking film is sealed at the junction of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the other end of the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the second electrolyte storage chamber 911 of the positive electrode electrolyte, and the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 911 by using the positive electrode electrolyte second isolation device 921.
  • the joint is sealed.
  • the coating film coating material 35 is applied to the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film to the high temperature antifreeze material 43, and one end thereof is placed in the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81 containing the negative electrode electrolyte 8.
  • the second isolating device 821 seals the junction of the negative electrode electrolyte siphon film high temperature antifreeze material 43 and the negative electrode electrolyte second storage chamber 921.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte separator 92. After the wicking film is removed from the high temperature antifreeze material 4, the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used to seal the junction of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the prepared air electrode positive electrode 1, the metal negative electrode 2, the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, the shock-proof buffer layer 7, the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the negative electrode electrolyte storage chamber 81, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte can be stored.
  • the chamber 91, the battery case, the support fixture 10, and the like are mounted as batteries in accordance with the features of FIG. 80 and the various components and actual needs. In this way, when the load is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, there is a current output.
  • the dynamic structure of the negative electrode electrolyte 8 and the positive electrode electrolyte 9 also move the dynamic structure of the metal fuel cell.
  • the specific structure of the specific components of the air metal fuel cell is detailed above.
  • Figure 81 is a dynamic structure air metal fuel cell in which the metal negative electrode 2 is innovated according to the present invention.
  • Semi-solid metal fuel 26 metal fuel chamber 261, metal fuel recovery chamber 262, metal fuel discharge zone 263, metal fuel pump 27, metal fuel pump feeder 271, metal fuel pump discharge device 272, metal fuel recovery pump 28 metal A fuel recovery pump feeding device 281 and a metal fuel recovery pump discharging device 282.
  • Semi-solid metal fuel 26 A semi-solid, fluid, metal or metal mixture.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is the storage portion of the overall battery capacity, and the effective weight and effective volume of the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is the key to the battery energy density.
  • metal elements such as metal zinc Zn, magnesium Mg, aluminum Al, iron Fe, lead Pb, sodium Na, potassium K, calcium Ga, etc. may be selected, or these may be An alloy made of one, two or more kinds of metals, such as magnesium aluminum alloy, lead calcium iron alloy, magnesium aluminum iron manganese alloy. It may also be an alloy made of one, two or more kinds of metals, and a non-metallic element, a carbon-zinc alloy, a carbon-iron-tin alloy, a silicon-aluminum-magnesium-calcium alloy or the like.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is a semi-solid mixture having a certain fluidity which is a mixture of powders, granules, a conductive agent, a thickener or the like of the above materials.
  • Metal fuel chamber 261 It is a hollow tank for storing semi-solid metal fuel 26, and its shape is other shapes such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a square, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, and the like.
  • the materials used for the material can be: ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, steel, alloy, metal, etc.
  • the material used for the material can be: ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, steel, alloy, metal, etc.
  • (DT-21) Metal Fuel Discharge Zone 263 Located between the metal anode current collector 21 and the separator 33.
  • the metal anode current collector 21 is block-shaped, conforming to the size of the separator 33, the anode current collector 21, and the separator 33 is fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and the anode current collector 21 and the diaphragm 33 have a certain distance, the distance is the metal fuel discharge zone 263, and the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is in the metal fuel discharge zone 263. Discharged,
  • (DT-22) Metal Fuel Pump 27 A device that can move the semi-solid metal fuel 26 to withstand the corrosion of the semi-solid metal fuel 26 and can be used for a long time, either as a diaphragm pump or as a diaphragm pump. It is a peristaltic pump, a vacuum pump, or other equipment.
  • the power of the metal fuel pump 27 can be derived from an external power source, open source and battery itself, or from other equipment. Its operation and shutdown are controlled by the battery management system.
  • metal fuel pump feeding device 271 a tubular body in which a semi-solid metal fuel 26 can flow, a liquid suction end of the metal fuel pump 27, one end connected to the metal fuel chamber 261, and the other end Metal fuel pumps 27 are connected.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 can be introduced into the metal fuel pump 27 by the metal fuel pump feeder 271.
  • a tubular body in which a semi-solid metal fuel 26 can flow is a liquid fuel pump 27 outlet end, one end of which is connected to the metal fuel discharge zone 263 and the other end of which is connected to the metal fuel pump 27.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is introduced into the metal fuel discharge region 263 through the negative metal fuel pump discharge device 272 by the metal fuel pump 27.
  • the apparatus for moving the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed can withstand the corrosion of the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed, and can be used for a long time, and can be a diaphragm pump, It can also be a peristaltic pump, a vacuum pump, or other equipment.
  • the power of the metal fuel recovery pump 28 can be derived from an external power source, open source and battery itself, or from other equipment. Its operation and stop are controlled by the battery management system.
  • the metal fuel recovery pump feeding device 281 is a tubular body in which the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed, is a liquid suction end of the metal fuel recovery pump 28, and one end is connected to the metal fuel discharge region 263, and One end is connected to the metal fuel recovery pump 28.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed can be introduced into the metal fuel recovery pump 28 by the metal fuel recovery pump feeding device 281.
  • a tubular body in which the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed is a liquid-end end of the metal fuel recovery pump 28, one end is connected to the metal fuel recovery chamber 262, and the other end is connected to the metal fuel recovery pump 28. .
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 after the discharge is completed is introduced into the metal fuel recovery chamber 262 through the metal fuel recovery pump discharge device 282 by the metal fuel recovery pump 28.
  • the dynamic structure of the metal negative electrode 2 moves from the air electrode positive electrode 1, the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11, and the air electrode.
  • Positive electrode tab 12 air electrode positive electrode output line 13, air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14, air electrode carrier 15, catalyst 16, metal negative electrode 2, metal negative electrode current collector 21, metal negative electrode tab 22, metal negative electrode output line 23,
  • Semi-solid metal fuel 26, metal fuel chamber 261, metal fuel recovery chamber 262, metal fuel discharge zone 263, metal fuel pump 27, metal fuel pump feeder 271, metal fuel pump discharge device 272, metal fuel recovery pump 28 metal
  • the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 is fixed around the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10 around the periphery, and the fixing can be directly adhered by glue, adhesive, etc., or can be sealed and sealed.
  • the pad is fixed by a mechanical method of extrusion, can also be fixed by a pressure device, and can be fixed by other means.
  • the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11 is connected to the air electrode carrier 15
  • the air electrode positive electrode tab 12 is connected to the air electrode positive electrode current collector 11
  • the air electrode positive electrode output line 13 and the air electrode positive electrode terminal are connected. Ear 12 is connected.
  • Catalyst 16 can be subjected to chemical deposition, vapor deposition, ion plating, electrolytic plating, spray coating, hydrothermal method, normalization method, microwave method, normalized microwave method, acetylene black reduction potassium permanganate method, manganese nitrate , such as cobalt nitrate decomposition method, vacuum ion plating method, high temperature vacuum ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure ion plating method, high temperature and high pressure spray ion plating method, biological bacteria method, biological fermentation method, biological bonding method, etc.
  • the circumference and the periphery of the air electrode carrier 15 are auxiliaryly fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and then the air electrode positive electrode inlet device 14 which has been fixed in the front is tightly coupled with the air electrode carrier 15 loaded with the catalyst, and is tightly closed. During the bonding process, the air between the air is discharged, so that the air electrode positive electrode 1 is ready for installation.
  • the metal negative electrode 2 the metal negative electrode current collector 21 is fixed to the battery case and the support fixture 10, a metal fuel recovery chamber 262 is formed with the separator 33, and the metal negative electrode tab 22 is connected to the metal negative electrode current collector 21, and the metal negative electrode is connected.
  • the output line 23 is connected to the metal negative electrode tab 22.
  • the semi-solid metal fuel 26 is added to the metal fuel chamber 261, and the metal fuel pump 27 is connected to the metal fuel pump feeding device 271 and the metal fuel pump discharging device 272 to connect the metal fuel pump feeding device 271 to the metal fuel chamber.
  • 261 is turned on, the metal fuel pump discharge device 272 is connected to the metal fuel discharge region 263, and the metal fuel recovery pump 28 is connected to the metal fuel recovery pump feeding device 281 and the metal fuel recovery pump discharge device 282 to The fuel recovery pump feeding device 281 is connected to the metal fuel discharge region 263, and the metal fuel recovery pump discharge device 282 is connected to the metal fuel recovery chamber 262.
  • the metal anode 2 is ready to be installed.
  • the diaphragm 33 is fixed to the battery case and the support fixture 10, and the diaphragm 33 is coated with a coating film coating 35.
  • smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4 For the smear film high temperature antifreeze material 4, a part of the siphon film ion end 42 of the smear high temperature antifreeze material 4 is placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 containing the positive electrode electrolyte 9, and the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used. The wicking film is sealed at the junction of the high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte 9 is introduced into the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91 through the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber inlet and outlet passage 93.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte isolating device 92 is used to seal the junction of the wicking film high temperature antifreeze material 4 and the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91.
  • the prepared air electrode positive electrode 1, the metal negative electrode 2, the siphon film de-heating antifreeze material 4, the shock-proof buffer layer 7, the negative electrode electrolyte 8, the positive electrode electrolyte 9, the positive electrode electrolyte storage chamber 91, the battery case and the support can be completed.
  • the fixture 10 is mounted as a battery in accordance with the features of Figure 81 and the various components and actual needs. In this way, when the load is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, a current output can be obtained.
  • Fig. 82 is a novel dynamic structure air metal fuel cell in which the metal negative electrode 2 is rotated by the invention.
  • Negative motor rotating motor 29 negative rotating shaft 291, rotary seal 292.
  • the metal fuel 24 can be driven to rotate at a certain speed, the negative rotating motor 29 is fixed on the battery casing and the supporting fixture 10, and the power output end of the negative rotating electrical machine 29 is connected to the negative rotating shaft 291, and the power is transmitted.
  • the metal fuel 24 is here a circular turntable.
  • the power of the negative rotating motor 29 can be derived from an external power source, open source and the battery itself, or from other devices. Its operation and stop are controlled by the battery management system.
  • the single transmission is connected at one end to the power output end of the negative rotating electric machine 29, and the other end is connected to the metal fuel 24, and transmits the power of the negative rotating electric machine 29 to the metal fuel 24, and drives the metal fuel 24 to rotate at a certain speed.
  • DT-30 Rotary Seal 292
  • a sealing rubber ring for a sealing device, a sealing rubber ring, a PTFE sealing rubber ring, a graphite sealing mud, etc. can be used.
  • the electrolyte in the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, and the bioactive membrane 3 is prevented from leaking out without affecting the metal fuel 24 optional. It is located between the membrane, the membrane bag, the bioactive membrane bag, the bioactive membrane 3 and the negative rotating shaft 291.

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Abstract

本发明涉及的是一种空气金属燃料电池。本发明的空气金属燃料电池的主要由空气电极正极、金属负极、膜/膜袋、虹吸材料、电解质、芯子、防震缓冲层、负极电解液、正极电解液、电池外壳及支撑固定装置构成,在正负极之间具有疏水结构层。本发明电池具有电池能量密度大、成本低,安全可靠等优点。

Description

空气金属燃料电池
技术领域
本发明涉及电池领域, 具体涉及一种金属为负极燃料的电池。
发明背景
空气金属燃料电池具有能量密度高、使用寿命长、电池结构多样、资源充足、 取材便利、 绿色环保: 无毒、 无有害气体, 不污染环境, 同时能够蓄电, 又能发 电。 作为蓄电, 发电的金属材料在水能、 风能、 太阳能等提供能源裂解还原后可 循环使用, 是优质的再生能源。
鉴于以上优点, 世界各经济、科技大国均投入巨资集中大量的科研力量进行 几十年的艰苦研发。但由于金属表面有一层保护膜, 导致了电极电位显著低于理 论值且电压行为明显滞后, 而在活化状态下金属的抗腐蚀下降、 自放电、 电压滞 后、 放电功率小、 产气、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等世界性难题, 至今未得到 有效突破, 因而未达到理想解决方案, 加之研发工艺不到位形成的高昂成本, 又 进一步阻碍了该电池的商业化应用。
专利文献 CN102244310A 公开了一种金属燃料电池, 包括电解槽、 以及设 置在电解槽内的金属阳极、空气电极和电解液, 其通过将控制电解槽中电解液的 量来实现金属阳极、空气电极与电解液的结合与分离。这种方式虽然在一定程度 上避免了金属腐蚀的问题,但并不适合常规电池使用, 并且电池不能随时处于可 启用的状态。
到目前为止空气金属燃料电池仍不成熟,金属腐蚀、易用性等问题急需解决。 发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足, 本发明提供一种空气金属燃料电池。
本发明技术方案如下:
一种空气金属燃料电池,所述电池包括至少一个正极单元和至少一个负极单 元, 所述正极单元包括空气电极正极、 正极电解液、 虹吸材料, 所述空气电极正 极包括空气电极载体,所述空气电极载体具有催化剂,所述催化剂能催化氧气产 生阴离子; 所述负极单元包括金属负极、 负极电解液和 /或电解质, 所述金属负 极包括金属燃料, 其为电池的放电提供阳离子; 通过虹吸材料将正极电解液输送 至空气正极载体, 并使正极电解液与空气正极载体相接触,所述金属负极与负极 电解液和 /或电解质接触, 所述空气电极正极与金属负极之间可形成离子通路, 在所述空气电极正极、 正解电解液与金属负极、 负极电解液和 /或电解质之间具 有疏水结构层, 该疏水结构层可以通过离子, 并具有憎水性。
优选所述负极单元包括金属负极、 负极电解液和电解质。
进一步,所述电池还包括正极电解液第一储存室,所述虹吸材料的一部分插 入正极电解液第一存储室中, 一部分与空气正极载体相接触。 进一步,所述电池还包括正极电解液第二储存室,所述虹吸材料的两端分别 插入正极电解液第一存储室和第二存储室中, 中间部分与空气正极载体相接触。
进一步,所述正极电解液第一储存室与第二储存室之间通过管道相连接, 管 道上设有正极电解液泵,通过驱动正极电解液泵可实现正极电解液在第一存储室 与第二存储室之间循环。在虹吸材料插入正极电解液第一储存室、第二储存室的 入口处分别具有正极电解液隔离装置,其将虹吸材料与正极电解液储存室的连接 处密封。
虹吸材料优选能够耐高温和抗冻。
进一步,所述负极单元包括负极电解液,还包括芯子,所述芯子具有吸附性, 可吸附储存负极电解液,所述芯子与金属燃料相接触。优选金属燃料位于芯子和 电解质之间, 并分别与芯子和电解质贴合。
进一步, 所述电池还包括防震缓冲结构, 所述防震缓冲结构具有弹性, 通过 防震缓冲结构的弹性作用将电池中的组件相紧密连接。
进一步,所述电池还包括电池固定支撑部件,所述固定支撑部件将电池组件 相对固定。
所述空气电极正极还包括空气电极正极集流体和空气电极正极极耳,所述空 气电极正极极耳、 空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体依次相连。
进一步, 还包括正极输出线路, 其与正极极耳相连。
进一步, 所述空气电极正极集流体、 空气电极正极极耳和 /或正极输出线路 为一整体。
进一步,所述正极单元还包括空气电极正极进气装置,氧气通过空气电极正 极进气装置进入正极单元, 并与空气电极载体的催化剂相接触。
进一步,所述空气电极正极进气装置具有透气材料层,所述透气材料层包括 防水透气膜和 /或二氧化碳隔离膜。 所述空气电极正极进气装置可以是进气罩。
进一步, 所述空气电极载体内和 /或其表面分布有催化剂。 优选, 述空气电 极载体的表面还具有含有催化剂的空气电极催化剂涂层。
进一步, 所述空气电极催化剂涂层可以由催化剂、 多孔吸附剂、 导电剂和粘 结剂制成。
进一步, 所述催化剂可选自银系催化剂、 钙钛矿型催化剂、 铂催化剂、 钯系 催化剂、 锰系催化剂、 金属复合氧化物催化剂、 金属氧化物催化剂、 有机物金属 催化剂、 金属螯合物催化剂中的一种或多种。
进一步, 所述空气电极载体可选自: 1 ) 以碳材料、 以及碳材料为主制做成 的膜结构、 网结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构、 纳米材料; 2) 以碳纳米材 料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构; 或, 以 金属和金属纳米材料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构。 包括但不限于选自下述材料中的一种或多种: 1 ) 碳布、 碳纸、 碳纤 维布; 2) 碳纳米布、 碳纳米纸; 或 3 ) 铜泡沫纤维、 银泡沫颗粒。 此外, 正极的虹吸材料还可作为空气电极载体,虹吸材料的一部分插入正极 电解液存储室中, 一部分作为所述空气电极载体, 与空气电极极耳相连。
所述金属负极包括金属负极集流体、金属负极极耳和所述金属燃料,所述金 属负极极耳、 金属负极集流体、 金属燃料依次相连。
进一步, 所述金属负极极耳、 金属负极集流体和 /或金属燃料可以为一整体 结构。
进一步, 所述的金属燃料可选自金属锂、 锌、 镁、 铝、 铁、 铅、 钠、 钾、 钙 中的一种或多种, 或选自所述金属构成的合金, 或者所述金属中的一种或多种与 非金属制成的合金。 优选, 所述金属燃料为铝。
此外, 所述金属燃料可以为半固态。此时, 电池还设置金属燃料储存室和金 属燃料回收室,金属燃料由金属燃料存储室经电池负极放电区放电后进入金属燃 料回收室。金属燃料可通过金属燃料泵泵入电池负极放电区,放电结束后通过金 属燃料回收泵泵入金属燃料回收室。
进一步,所述半固态金属燃料可选自以下一种或多种材料的粉末或颗粒和导 电剂、增稠剂制成的流动性的半固体混合物: 金属锂、锌、 镁、铝、铁、 铅、钠、 钾、钙中的一种或多种, 或选自所述金属构成的合金, 或者所述金属中的一种或 多种与非金属制成的合金。
此外, 所述电池还可包括一旋转装置, 所述旋转装置与金属燃料相连, 可驱 动金属燃料旋转。 所述旋转装置可以包括电机和连接电机与金属燃料的连接部 件。例如在金属燃料上连接一转轴, 与电机连接。通过转动金属燃料可以使金属 放电更均匀。
进一步, 所述负极单元还包括隔膜, 所述隔膜为一层或多层, 在所述隔膜的 至少一层膜上具有疏水涂层, 形成所述疏水结构层。
进一步,所述隔膜的膜材料可以为多层,在至少一组的两层膜材料之间具有 多层疏水涂层。
进一步,所述的疏水涂层的材料可选自: 聚合物类: 聚四氟乙烯、聚乙烯等; 高级直链垸烃类: 微晶石蜡、 液体石蜡、 聚乙烯蜡等; 脂类(动物油、 植物油): 奶油、 黄油、 羊油、 牛油、 猪油、 鱼油、 禽油、 豆油、 葵花油、 菜籽油、 蓖麻油、 花生油等; 人工合成酯基化合物中的一种或多种。
进一步, 所述隔膜的膜可以为聚乙烯膜、 聚丙烯膜、 玻璃纤维隔膜、 PVC 隔膜、 生物活性膜、 生物选择性膜、 细菌微生物生物膜或有机物喷涂膜。
优选, 所述负极单元包括电解质, 其与所述隔膜相贴合。
进一步,所述隔膜可以单独或与辅助材料构成袋状的膜袋。 电池的负极单元 总体位于膜袋内, 包括所述金属负极、 负极电解液、 电解质等位于膜袋内。
进一步, 所述膜袋具有膜袋封口装置, 膜袋封口装置位于膜袋开口处, 用于 将膜袋开口密封。
进一步, 所述膜袋包括膜和隔片, 隔片和膜组成袋状。 进一步, 所述隔片的材料可以为四氟聚乙烯、 聚乙烯, 聚丙烯, PVC、 聚氯 乙烯或 ABS。
此外, 所述隔膜的膜上分布有构成合金的添加的金属元素和 /或构成合金的 添加的非金属元素。金属合金元素意思就是合金里面的添加的元素。例如某一种 铝合金 (以铝 A1为基体, 在其中添加铟 In、 镁 Mg、 锡 Sn、 铅 Pb元素) 为例, 其中铟 In、 镁 Mg、 锡 Sn、 铅 Pb这些元素为合金中添加的元素, 也就是金属合 金元素, 在这里的意思就是将铟 In、 镁 Mg、 锡 Sn、 铅 Pb这些元素制作到隔膜 上。 而在膜袋里面还是普通的单质铝, 不是铝合金。 例如某一种铝合金 (以铝 A1为基体, 在其中添加硅 Si、 硒 Se、 碘 I、 硫 S元素)为例, 其中硅 Si、 硒 Se、 碘 I、 硫 S这些元素为合金中添加的元素, 也就是非金属合金元素。 在这里的意 思就是将硅 Si、 硒 Se、 碘 I、 硫 S这些元素制作到隔膜上。 而在膜袋里面还是普 通的单质铝, 不是铝合金。
所述构成合金的添加的金属元素选自元素周期表中的金属元素中的至少一 种,所述构成合金的添加的非金属元素选自元素周期表中的非金属元素中的至少 一种。
进一步,所述负极单元还可包括负极虹吸材料,所述负极虹吸材料的一部分 与金属燃料相贴合,通过负极虹吸材料将负极电解液输送至金属燃料。在所述负 极虹吸材料面向正极单元的一面具有疏水涂层, 构成所述的疏水结构层。此时则 可以不使用上述的隔膜或膜袋。
进一步, 所述电池还包括负极电解液第一储存室和负极电解液第二储存室, 所述负极虹吸材料的两端分别插入负极电解液第一存储室和第二存储室中,中间 部分与金属燃料相接触。所述负极电解液第一储存室与第二储存室之间可通过管 道相连接, 管道上设有负极电解液泵,通过驱动负极电解液泵可实现负极电解液 在第一存储室与第二存储室之间循环。
在本发明中, 所述氧气可来自: 1 ) 空气; 2) 纯氧; 或, 3 ) 能产生氧的物 质。
所述的电解质为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池负极提供离子运行的电 解质, 其为固态或半固态。
进一步, 所述电解质可选自: 1 ) 固体电解质: β -Α1203, 二氧化锆或陶瓷 材料; 2) 聚合物电解质: 聚氧化乙烯系、 聚偏氟乙烯系、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯系 或聚丙烯腈系的聚合物电解质; 或, 3 ) 半固态电解质: 将低聚糖、 高聚糖, 淀 粉, 糊精, 乙基纤维素等中的至少一种, 脂类、 高级直链垸烃类、 酯类等中的至 少一种, 碳材料, 磁性材料, 玻璃纤维等中的至少一种与氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂等碱的有机溶液中的至少一种混合,在无水的环境下反应制成。氢氧化 钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂等碱的有机溶液, 指的是将氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧 化锂等碱中的至少一种溶解到乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 丙酮、 四氢呋喃、 异丙醇、 二 甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯中的一种或多种溶剂中形成碱的有机溶液。
所述的负极电解液为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池负极提供离子运行 的电解液, 所述负极电解液可选自: 1 ) 碱性电解液: 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢 氧化锂、 碳酸氢钠、 氢氧化钙、 氢氧化铝、 氢氧化锌、 甲醇钠、 甲醇钾中的一种 或多种与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜或碳酸酯中的一种或多种制 成的负极电解液; 2) 酸性电解液: 有机、 无机弱酸与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜或碳酸酯中的一种或多种制成的负极电解液; 3 )中性电解液: 氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾、 碘化钾中的一种或多种盐与有机溶 剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、二甲基亚砜、碳酸酯中的一种或多种制成的负极电解液; 也可以用金属卤化物与季铵盐配制成一定浓度的负极电解液。金属卤化物同季铵 盐或季磷盐或季硫盐中的一种形成的卤金属酸离子液体为电解液(卤金属酸如氯 铝酸, 氯锌酸等), 溶剂为乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 丙酮、 四氢呋喃、 异丙醇、 二甲 基亚砜、碳酸酯中的一种或多种。金属卤化物: 例如由氯化铝、氯化铁、氯化锌、 氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾、 碘化钾等。
所述的正极电解液为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池正极提供离子运行 的电解液, 所述的正极电解液选自: 碱性电解液: 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化 锂、 碳酸氢钠、 氢氧化钙、 氢氧化铝、 甲醇钠或甲醇钾中的一种或多种与有机溶 剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多种制成的正极电 解液; 酸性电解液: 有机、 无机弱酸与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚 砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多种制成的正极电解液; 中性电解液: 氯化钠、 氟化 钠、碘化钠、氯化钾、氟化钾或碘化钾中的一种或多种与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多种制成的正极电解液。
进一步,所述电池还包括正极输出线路和负极输出线路, 分别与空气电极正 极、 金属负极相连。 通过输出线路可以连接成电池组、 向外供电就等等。
本发明电池可以包括两个或两个以上的正极单元,或者两个或两个以上的负 极单元。 例如, 两个正极单元夹一负极单元, 或者多个正负极单元相间排列。 此 时对于正负极电解液储存室可以分别为一整体。
此外, 正极和负极可以相分离,通过正极电解液及虹吸材料等使正极和负极 之间形成离子通路。例如, 可以在负极单元隔膜或膜袋外设置虹吸材料, 两者相 贴合, 该虹吸材料与一端插入负极电极液储存室, 正极单元的虹吸材料也插入负 极电解液储存室, 如此形成离子通道。 负极电解液存储室可以是同一个, 也可以 是分离的。 如果是不同负极电解液储存室, 则可以通过管道相同。
本发明电池, 正极单元、 负极单元优选的一种结构方式是扁平结构, 空气电 极载体、 进气罩 (空气正极进气装置)、 虹吸材料、 隔膜、 电解质、 金属燃料、 芯子、 膜袋的隔片、 防撞缓冲结构等均为扁平状, 并且紧密依次贴合。
本发明电池, 另一种优选的结构方式是圆柱状。 例如, 以负极单元为中心, 正极单元环绕于负极单元, 此时由中心到边缘可以依次设置芯子、 金属燃料、 电 解质、 膜 /膜袋、 虹吸材料、 空气电极载体和进气罩。
一般而言负极电解液填充在负极单元内,并且一部分或一大部分可以储存在 芯子内。
电解液储存室一般设置在电池底端, 如果为两个储存室时, 可以分别位于电 池底端和顶端。
本发明的电池壳体及固定支撑部件可以使电池的各部分位置固定,并紧密结 合。 电池的诸如储存室、进气罩等与固定支撑部件结合可以形成电池的壳体。或 者固定支撑部件单独形成壳体, 或者单独设置壳体将电池各组件相对密闭。但需 要保留进气处的开放。
上述电池可以构成单电池、 电池组或电池堆等等。根据不同的使用目的可以 进行不同的结构形式调整。
进一步, 上述单电池、 电池组或电池堆的外面还可设置外壳。这里的外壳一 般与与内部的单个电池之间存在一定空间。 外壳可以是厂房、 集装箱、 电池盒、 电池仓等等。
进一步,还包括供氧装置,所述供氧装置与电池外壳相接,为电池提供氧气。 进一步,在所述电池外壳内设有氧气浓度传感器,所述供氧装置根据氧气浓 度传感器的数据调整外壳内的氧气浓度。
进一步,在所述外壳上还可设有氧气选择性通过膜, 该膜选择性地允许氧气 通过。 以及设有二氧化碳隔离膜。
进一步,在所述外壳上还可设有空气过滤装置。空气过滤装置可以安装在所 述氧气选择性通过膜和 /或二氧化碳隔离膜的外面, 过滤掉空气中颗粒物等。 还 可以所述氧气选择性通过膜和 /或二氧化碳隔离膜集成到空气过滤装置内。
本发明电池通过将电池正负极空气电极正极、 金属负极分开, 不直接接触, 维持金属负极周围的电解质电解液环境的稳定,不会使正极单元的水分等分子性 的物质进入负极单元内而与金属燃料接触, 而离子则可以自由的通过, 避免造成 金属负极遭到腐蚀、 自燃和加速电池的自放电和断电。
本发明通过虹吸材料, 来输送电解液可以提供稳定的电解液, 同时调节电池 温度,防止电池温度过高过低,保持常温下的稳定工作状态。在电池发生碰撞时, 正负极并不直接接触, 电解液也主要储存于储存室中, 因而可以避免了短路而产 生的电池剧烈放电, 避免电池发生的爆炸。
本发明通过芯子为负极储存和吸附负极电解液,保持电池的负极与电解质的 紧密连接。 为电池提供离子通路, 维持电池电流、 电压的稳定和持久等。
本发明通过防震缓冲层结构保持电池各组成部分的紧密连接。防止电池在发 生震动碰撞时, 突然断电或电流发生变化。
附图说明
图 1是空气金属燃料电池正面图;
图 2是空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面剖视图;
图 3是空气金属燃料电池沿图 2的 BCD截面剖视图;
图 4是一种典型的空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面剖视图(标示出区域放大 位置);
图 5是一种正极单元示意图 (图 4所示处的局放大图);
图 6是另一种正极单元示意图 (图 4所示处的局放大图); 图 7是另一种正极单元示意图 (图 4所示处的局放大图);
图 8是另一种正极单元示意图 (图 4所示处的局放大图);
图 9是一种空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体连接结构示意图;
图 10是另一种空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体连接结构示意图; 图 11是另一种空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体连接结构示意图; 图 12是另一种空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体连接结构示意图; 图 13是一种典型的空气金属燃料电池沿图 1A-A截面的剖视图;
图 14是一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图;
图 15是一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图, 沿图 14H-H截面; 图 16是另一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图, 沿图 14H-H截面; 图 17是另一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图;
图 18是另一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图;
图 19是另一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图;
图 20是一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图, 沿图 19I-I截面; 图 21是另一种金属负极集流体与金属燃料连接结构示意图, 沿图 19I-I截面; 图 22是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面图, 其包含两个负极单元; 图 23是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 A-A截面图, 其包含两个负极单元; 图 24是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面图, 其无电解质; 图 25是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 A-A截面图, 其无电解质; 图 26是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面图, 其无芯子;
图 27是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 A-A截面图, 其无芯子;
图 28是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面图, 其无芯子和电解质; 图 29是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图的 1A-A截面图, 其无芯子和电解质; 图 30是膜袋正面图;
图 31是一种膜袋沿图 30的 G-G截面图;
图 32是一种单层膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图;
图 33是一种膜袋的沿图 31的 C区域放大图;
图 34是另一种膜袋的沿图 31的 C区域放大图;
图 35是另一种膜袋的沿图 31的 C区域放大图;
图 36是一种双层膜袋的结构示意图; 图 37是一种双层膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图;
图 38是一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 39是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 40是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 41是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 42是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 43是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 44是另一种膜袋沿图 36的 D区域放大图;
图 45是一种膜袋沿图 30的 G-G截面图, 其为多层膜袋;
图 46是一种多层膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图;
图 47是一种膜袋沿图 30的 G-G截面图, 其为单层膜与单隔片结构; 图 48是一种膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图, 其为单层膜与单隔片结构; 图 49是另一种膜袋沿图 30的 G-G截面图, 其为双层膜与单隔片结构; 图 50是另一种膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图, 其为双层膜与单隔片结构; 图 51是另一种膜袋沿图 30的 G-G截面图, 其为多层膜与单隔片结构; 图 52是另一种膜袋沿图 30的 F-F截面图, 其为多层膜与单隔片结构; 图 53是一种虹吸材料的结构示意图;
图 54是一种空气金属燃料电池的沿图 1A-A截面图, 其中虹吸材料为波浪状; 图 55是图 54中的虹吸材料的结构示意图;
图 56是另一种空气金属燃料电池的沿图 1A-A截面图, 其中虹吸材料为半波浪 状;
图 57是图 56中的虹吸材料的结构示意图;
图 58是另一种空气金属燃料电池的沿图 1A-A截面图, 其中虹吸材料为半波浪 状;
图 59是图 58中的虹吸材料的结构示意图;
图 60是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 E-E截面图, 其中虹吸材料作为空气 正极载体;
图 61是另一种空气金属燃料电池沿图 1的 A-A截面图, 其中虹吸材料作为空气 正极载体;
图 62是一种空气电极正极结构示意图, 其中虹吸材料作为空气正极载体; 图 63是一种空气电极正极沿图 62的 B区域放大图; 图 64是另一种空气电极正极沿图 62的 B区域放大图; 图 65是另一种空气电极正极沿图 62的 B区域放大图; 图 66是一种三角形的空气金属燃料电池正面图;
图 67是一种圆形的空气金属燃料电池正面图;
68是一种典型的空气金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 69是一种双正极的空气金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 70是一种无电解质型的空气金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 71是一种无芯子型的金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 72是一种无芯子和电解质型的金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 73是另一种含催化剂涂层的金属燃料电池的各部件拆分图; 图 74是一种膜袋的结构示意图 (标示有 E区域放大); 图 75是一种隔膜沿图 74的区域放大图;
图 76是另一种隔膜沿图 74的区域放大图;
图 77是另一种隔膜沿图 74的区域放大图;
图 78是一种负极电解液动态的金属燃料电池结构示意图; 图 79是一种正极电解液动态的金属燃料电池结构示意图; 图 80是一种正、 负极电解液动态的金属燃料电池结构示意图; 图 81是一种金属负极动态的金属燃料电池结构示意图; 图 82是一种金属负极旋转的金属燃料电池结构示意图; 图 83是一种电池串并联示意图;
图 84是一种电池组的前视图;
图 85分别是一种电池组的后视图;
图 86是图 89在 B-B方向上的截面图;
图 87是另一种电池组的前视图;
图 88是另一种电池组的后视图;
图 89是图 84的 A-A方向截面图;
图 90是图 87的 A-A方向截面图;
图 91是另一种电池组结构示意图;
图 92是图 84的 A- A方向截面图;
图 93是另一种沿图 84的 A-A方向截面图; 图 94是一种供氧方式为存氧的金属燃料电池组示意图;
图 95是能检测电池组内氧气的金属燃料电池组示意图;
96是具有氧气选择性过滤膜的金属燃料电池组示意图;
图 97是电池正负极相分离的电池示意图;
图 98是放电实验曲线图;
图 99是另一次放电实验曲线图。
图中: 1、 空气电极正极, 11、 空气电极正极集流体, 12、 空气电极正极极 耳, 13、 空气电极正极输出线路, 14、 空气电极正极进气装置, 15、 空气电极载 体, 16、 催化剂, 17、 空气电极催化剂涂层, 18、 正极电解液泵, 182、 正极电 解液泵进液装置; 2、 金属负极, 21、 金属负极集流体, 22、 金属负极极耳, 23、 金属负极输出线路, 24、 金属燃料, 25、 负极电解液泵, 251、 负极电解液泵进 液装置, 252负极电解液泵出液装置, 26、 半固态金属燃料, 261、 金属燃料室, 262、 金属燃料回收室, 263、 金属燃料放电区, 27、 金属燃料泵, 271, 金属燃 料泵进料装置, 272、 金属燃料泵出料装置, 28、 金属燃料回收泵, 281、 金属燃 料回收泵进料装置, 282、 金属燃料回收泵出料装置, 29、 负极旋转电机, 291、 负极旋转轴, 292、 旋转密封; 3、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜, 31、 膜袋封口装置, 32、 膜袋边缘粘结部, 33、 隔膜, 34、 隔片, 35、 涂抹镀膜涂物, 36、 涂抹镀膜涂物乙, 37、 金属合金元素, 38、 非金属合金元素; 4、 虹吸膜去 高温防冻材料, 41、 虹吸膜虹吸端, 42、 虹吸膜离子端, 43 负极电解液虹吸膜 去高温防冻材料; 5、 电解质; 6、 芯子; 7、 防震缓冲层; 8、 负极电解质, 81、 负极电解液储存室, 82、负极电解液隔离装置, 83、负极电解液储存室出入通道, 811、 负极电解质第二储存室, 821、 负极电解质第二隔离装置, 831、 负极电解 液第二储存室出入通道; 9、 正极电解液, 91、 正极电解液储存室, 92、 正极点 解液隔离装置, 93、 正极电解液储存室出入通道, 911、 正极电解液第二储存室, 921、 正极电解液第二隔离装置, 931、 正极电解液第二储存室出入通道; 10、 电 池外壳及支撑固定装置; 101、 进出气装置, 102、 单电池, 103、 外壳, 105、 厂 房, 106、 纯氧储存罐, 1061、 纯氧, 1062、 加气装置, 1063、 供氧装置, 107、 调压开关装置, 1011、过滤装置, 1012、开关装置, 1013、开关控制装置, 1014、 二氧化碳隔离膜, 1016、 供纯氧装置, 1017、 纯氧进气口装置, 1018、 氧气使用 状态测试仪, 1019、 氧气选择性过滤膜。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不 背离本发明的精神和实质的情况下, 均应理解为本发明的保护范围。
在本发明中下述描述中, 上述部件被进行了实例化。因此上述固定支撑装置 有时也称作电池外壳及固定支撑装置;虹吸材料有时也称作虹吸膜去高温防冻材 料; 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜主要是指其作为隔膜或者包括隔膜, 隔膜主要是指膜材料本身; 防震缓冲结构有时也称作防震缓冲层; 疏水涂层材料 有时也称作涂抹镀膜涂物。 本发明的空气金属燃料电池的典型结构包括空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 以及以上相关辅助材料或其他附属装置构成。但在某些情况下, 有些结构并 非必须。 具体描述如下: 一、空气金属燃料电池的结构组成部分的各自的功用及功能。
(一)空气电极正极 1作为电池的正极, 为电池的放电提供阴离子。
第一: 将空气中的氧气吸附到空气电极正极 1, 并将氧气经过其上的催化剂 的催化转化成为电池可以利用的离子形式, 例如氧离子、过氧离子、氢氧根离子 等, 参与电池的放电过程。
第二: 将纯氧、 液态氧、 固态氧、 气态氧、 压缩气态氧等吸附到空气电极正 极 1, 并将氧气经过其上的催化剂的催化转化成为电池可以利用的离子形式, 例 如氧离子、 过氧离子、 氢氧根离子等, 参与电池的放电过程, 这个既可以在自然 状态下应用,还可以在空气稀薄的地方、氧气缺少或没有氧气的地方可有效使用。 例如大气层、 或大气层外、 深海、 或者水下及亚太空等。
第三:将富含氧的物质和材料中的氧分子经过其上的催化剂的催化转化成为 电池可以利用的离子形式, 例如氧离子、 过氧离子、 氢氧根离子等, 参与电池的 放电过程, 例如、 过氧化锂、 过氧化钠、 过氧化钾、 过氧化钙、 过氧化氢等。
第四: 将氧化剂中的氧离子提供给电池, 参与电池的放电过程。
第五: 其他
(二)金属负极 2作为电池的负极,为电池的放电提供阳离子。是储存电池电容 量的部分。
(三)膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3作为隔膜将电池正负极空气电极 正极 1金属负极 2分开, 不直接接触, 维持金属负极 2周围的电解质电解液环境 的稳定。不会使正极一侧的水分等分子性的物质进入到膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中, 而离子则可以自由的通过, 避免造成金属负极 2遭到腐蚀、 自 燃和加速电池的自放电和断电。
(四)虹吸膜去髙温防冻材料 4, 为电池的正负极提供离子通路, 为电池正极提 供离子运行的电解液。调节电池温度, 防止电池温度过高过低, 保持常温下的稳 定工作状态。
(五) 电解质 5为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池负极提供离子运行的电解 质。
(六)芯子 6为负极储存和吸附负极电解液,保持电池的负极与电解质的紧密连 接。 为电池提供离子通路, 维持电池电流、 电压的稳定和持久等。
(七) 防震缓冲层 7保持电池各组成部分的紧密连接。防止电池在发生震动碰撞 时, 突然断电或电流发生变化。 ( Λ)负极电解液 8为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池负极提供离子运行的 电解液。
(九)正极电解液 9为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池正极提供离子运行的 电解液。
(十) 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 将电池各部分组件紧密有效地连接结合起 来, 并保持电池各组成部分的环境的稳定, 保证电池的稳定有效的放电。
二、 本发明创新的空气金属燃料电池的结构组成部分描述和解释
(一)空气电极正极 1
(Α) 结构特点: 由空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极 正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 空 气电极催化剂涂层 17等构成。 空气电极正极 1详细的结构见图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8。
在图 5中, 空气电极正极 1的结构中: 没有空气电极催化剂涂层 17, 空气 电极正极 1是由空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极 输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16这六部 分构成。
在图 6中, 空气电极正极 1的结构中: 空气电极载体 15的两侧都有空气电 极催化剂涂层 17, 空气电极正极 1是由空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极 极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17这七部分构成。
在图 7中, 空气电极正极 1的结构中: 空气电极正极进气装置 14与空气电 极载体 15之间设置有一层空气电极催化剂涂层 17。 空气电极正极 1是由空气电 极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极 正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17这七 部分构成。
在图 8中, 空气电极正极 1的结构中: 空气电极载体 15与虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 4之间设置有一层空气电极催化剂涂层 17。 空气电极正极 1是由空气电 极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极 正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17这七 部分构成。
(Β)运行特点: 空气通过扩散进入到空气电极正极进气装置 14 中, 经过空气 电极正极进气装置 14的过滤处理, 过滤处理后的空气继续向前扩散, 进入到空 气电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中, 空气中的氧气在空气电极载体 15 和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中的催化剂 16的催化作用下转化成为氧离子形式,参 与电池的放电反应。
(C)各组成部分结构特技术特点
(C-1)空气电极正极集流体 11 : 是汇集空气电极正极 1上的电流的装置, 一侧 与空气电极正极极耳 12相连,将汇集的电流通过空气电极正极极耳 12导出, 另 一侧与空气电极载体 15、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17紧密连接。 空气电极正极集流 体 11可选用例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属制成, 也可选用电导率高 的二元合金、多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、碳纳米材料、碳布、碳纸、碳绳、 石墨毡、 石墨板等碳制品作为集流体, 形状可以是箔状、 片状、 丝状、 纤维状、 网状、 涂层、 镀层等, 例如金属箔、 金属片、 金属丝、 金属纤维、 金属网、 金属 涂层、 金属镀层、 合金箔、 合金片、 合金丝、 合金纤维、 合金网、 合金涂层、 合 金镀层等。 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ιη (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限 度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15连接结构见图 9、 图 10、 图 11、 图 12。
在图 9中空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15的其中一个边紧密的连 接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电极正极集流体 11可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的包在空气电极载体 15的其中一个边上。 也可以是丝状、 纤 维状、 网状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的镶嵌到空气电极载体 15的其中一个边 上。 也可以是以涂层、 镀层方式将金属、 合金、 碳制品涂到、 镀到空气电极载体 15 的其中一个边上。 还可以用冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高 压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方式将空气电极正极集流体 11紧密粘结到空气电极载体 15 上。
在图 10中空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15的其中四个边紧密的 连接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电极正极集流体 11可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、碳制品紧密的包在空气电极载体 15的四个边上。 也可以是丝状、纤维状、 网状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的镶嵌到空气电极载体 15的四个边上。 也可以 是以涂层、 镀层方式将金属、 合金、 碳制品涂到、 镀到空气电极载体 15的四个 边上。 还可以用冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀 膜等方式将空气电极正极集流体 11紧密粘结到空气电极载体 15上
在图 11中空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15的其中一个面紧密的 连接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电极正极集流体 11可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的粘在空气电极载体 15的其中一个面上。 空气电极正极集流 体 11与空气电极载体 15的两个面都紧密的连接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电 极正极集流体 11可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的粘在空气电极 载体 15的的两个面都紧密的连接在一体。 还可以用冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方式将空气电极正极集流体 11紧密粘 结到空气电极载体 15上
在图 12中空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15的其中一个面紧密的 连接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电极正极集流体 11可以是网状的金属、合金、 碳制品紧密的粘在空气电极载体 15的其中一个面上。空气电极正极集流体 11与 空气电极载体 15的两个面都紧密的连接在一体, 在这种连接中, 空气电极正极 集流体 11可以是网状的金属、合金、碳制品紧密的粘在空气电极载体 15的的两 个面都紧密的连接在一体。还可以用冲压、镶嵌、焊接、 印刷、夹、浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方式将空气电极正极集流体 11紧密粘结到空气电极载体 15上。
对于图 9、 图 10、 图 11、 图 12中的空气电极正极集流体 11与空气电极载 体 15之间的相互结构关系, 并不代表本发明创新的空气金属燃料电池中空气电 极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15之间的相互结构关系只有四种,凡是空气电 极正极集流体 11与空气电极载体 15以一定的结构关系连接,都在本发明创新的 空气金属燃料电池的发明范围之内。
空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13 经以上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-2)空气电极正极极耳 12: 其一端与空气电极正极集流体 11相连接, 将空 气电极正极集流体 11汇集的电流从电池内部导出, 另一端与空气电极正极输出 线路 13相连接, 空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极输出线路 13和空气电极 正极集流体 11可以通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法 相连接, 通过相互之间的连接将电流从空气电极载体 15、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17中导出。
同时又可以有效的将电池内部的物质封堵在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 内。 确保了电池的密封性。 空气电极正极极耳 12可选用和空气电极正极集流体 11 相同的材料, 例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属制成, 也可选用电导 率高的二元合金、 多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、 碳纳米材料、 碳布、 碳纸、 碳绳、 石墨毡、 石墨板等碳制品作为空气电极正极极耳 12, 优先选择电导率高 的金属和电导率高的合金材料。 其形状可以是带状、 片状、 柱状、 线状等其他形 状,优选带状和柱状。其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米)-1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限 度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。 空气电极正极集流体 11、空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极输出线路 13经以 上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-3)空气电极正极输出线路 13: 其一端与空气电极正极极耳 12相连接, 另 一端与外界的负载相连接, 电池放电时将电池的电流输送到外界的负载上,完成 放电反应。 也可以是其一端与空气电极正极极耳 12相连接, 另一端与外界的负 载准备连接,准备连接的意思就是本发明创新的空气金属燃料电池制造生产以后 还没有和外界的负载还没有接通, 处于商品状态、储存状态没有被使用, 还有一 层意思就是电池放电一段时间后与外界负载断开。 空气电极正极输出线路 13与 空气电极正极极耳 12的连接可以通过焊接的方式连接到一体,也可以通过夹子、 卡子连接, 还可以通过螺丝等其它方式连接, 例如可以通过冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、镀膜等方法将空气电极正极输出线路 13与空气电极正极极耳 12 相连接。
空气电极正极输出线路 13可以是我们日常生活中常见的各种金属导线例如 单股铜芯导线, 单股铝芯导线、 双股铜芯导线、 双股铝芯导线、 多股铜芯导线、 多股铝芯导线, 也可是以例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属材料, 也可选 用电导率高的二元合金、 多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、 碳纳米材料、 碳布、 碳纸、碳绳、石墨毡、石墨板等导电碳制品制成, 形状可以是带状、片状、柱状、 线状、 丝状等其他形状, 优选带状和柱状。 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳 米)、 lnm (纳米)-1000nm、 1 μ m (微米) -1000 μ m (微米)、 1mm (毫米) -1000mm
(毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、宽度、直径、限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13 经以上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-4)空气电极正极进气装置 14: 其为片状结构, 形状为矩形、 圆形、 多边形、 其他形状, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ιη (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限 度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
这里对空气电极正极进气装置 14的空间位置做一说明, 其空间位置见图 1、 图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8中, 在图 1中对于空气电极正极进气装置 14与电 池外壳及支撑固定装置 10相连接的部分称为 "四周"、 "周围"、 "四个边"。
在图 5、 图 8中空气电极正极进气装置 14与空气电极载体 15相连接的部分 称为空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "里面"。
在图 6、 图 7中空气电极正极进气装置 14与空气电极催化剂涂层 17相连接 的部分称为 "面"。
在图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8中空气电极正极进气装置 14与外界接触的 部分称为空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "外面"。
空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,电 极正极进气装置 14与电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10的连接处属于密封连接,保证 电池内部的物质不会从这个连接处漏出到电池外,电池外界的物质也不会从这个 连接处渗入电池内部。
空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "里面"与空气电极载体 15紧密的结合, 这种 结合可以通过辊压机的作用紧密的结合, 也可以通过其他的方式实现。也可以通 过空气电极催化剂涂层 17将空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "里面"与空气电极载 体 15粘结, 再通过辊压机的作用紧密的结合, 也可以通过其他的方式实现。 空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "外面"与外界接触。
其中 "外界"一词的意思是:
第一: 电池在空气、 过滤后的空气环境下使用, 则 "外界"就是空气、 过滤 空气。
第二: 电池在纯氧、液态氧、气态氧、压缩气态氧的环境下使用, 则"外界" 就是纯氧、 液态氧、 气态氧、 压缩气态氧。 第三: 电池在双氧水等富含有氧气的材料的环境下使用, 则 "外界"就是双 氧水等富含有氧气的材料。
第四: 电池在氧化剂的环境下使用, 则 "外界"就是氧化剂。
对于空气电极正极进气装置 14材料的选择, 可选用憎水性的材料聚四氟乙 烯、 聚乙烯、 石蜡等, 制成微孔隔膜层, 空气中的氧气可以通过微孔进入到空气 电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中, 而空气电极载体 15和空气电极催化 剂涂层 17中的正极电解液 9不会从空气电极正极进气装置 14中蒸发、流出、渗 出、 漏出。 也可以直接使用防水透气膜, 例如聚四氟乙烯防水透气膜、 防水透气 布等。
对于空气电极正极进气装置 14材料的选择,空气电极正极进气装置 14的"外 面"接触的气体环境是稳定的, 没有流动性, 也就是空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17上的电解液不会被蒸发,散失。这样 空气电极正极进气装置 14的材料可选择例如: 氢氧化铝、 氧化铝、 钙钛矿、 活 性炭、 脱脂棉、 脱脂亚麻、 玻璃纤维、 碳纳米材料、 小麦胚粉、 脱脂玉米胚粉、 玉米芯碎片、 粗麸皮、 大豆细粉、 二氧化硅、 蛭石、 硅酸钙、 硅胶、 沸石、 粘土 等。
空气电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中的正极电解液 9为碱性电解液 时, 则需要将空气电极正极进气装置 14外界空气中的二氧化碳分离出来, 这样 空气电极正极进气装置 14上还需要设置一层二氧化碳隔离膜, 阻止二氧化碳进 入到空气电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中。
空气电极正极进气装置 14也可以是氧气选择性透过膜, 可以将空气电极正 极进气装置 14外界空气中的氧气放进来, 其他的气体、 物质隔离开, 不让除氧 气外的其他气体通过空气电极正极进气装置 14进入到空气电极载体 15和空气电 极催化剂涂层 17中,
这样空气电极正极进气装置 14上还需要设置一层氧气选择性透过膜, 阻止 除了氧气外空气中的其他气体透过空气电极正极进气装置 14进入到空气电极载 体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中。
需要说明的是: 这些隔离膜、 选择性透过膜等由于技术、 设备、 工艺的限制 并不是绝对的百分之百的能够将二氧化碳气体等隔离开,也有可能会有一小部分 的二氧化碳气体等会透过隔离膜,选择性透过膜也是同样的道理,也会因为技术、 设备、工艺的限制并不是绝对的百分之百的能够将除氧气外的其他空气中的气体 隔离在外。 可能也会有少量的气体进入, 在这里做一特别的说明。
也可以将空气电极正极进气装置 14外界的空气预先进行过滤处理, 将空气 预先进行过滤处理装置见本发明创新的空气金属燃料电池的附属装置中。这里不 做详细介绍。通过对空气电极正极进气装置 14外界的空气预先进行过滤处理后, 空气中的二氧化碳会被过滤、 吸收, 从而达到电池所需要的外界条件。这样就可 以不用在空气电极正极进气装置 14上再设置一层二氧化碳隔离膜了, 但也可以 设置一层二氧化碳隔离膜了。
相应的空气电极载体 15和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中的正极电解液 9为中性 电解液、 酸性电解液时, 则不需要在空气电极正极进气装置 14设置一层二氧化 碳隔离膜,但也可以设置一层二氧化碳隔离膜了, 也不需要对空气电极正极进气 装置 14外界的空气预先进行过滤处理来过滤、 吸收空气中的我二氧化碳了, 但 也可以对空气电极正极进气装置 14外界的空气预先进行过滤处理来过滤、 吸收 空气中的我二氧化碳。
同样的空气电极正极进气装置 14外界的环境是纯氧、 液态氧、 气态氧、 压 缩气态氧、 双氧水等富含有氧气的材料、 氧化剂的环境下, 则空气电极载体 15 和空气电极催化剂涂层 17中的正极电解液 9不论是碱性、 酸性还是中性都不需 要在空气电极正极进气装置 14设置一层二氧化碳隔离膜, 也不需要对空气电极 正极进气装置 14外界的空气预先进行过滤处理来过滤、 吸收空气中的我二氧化 碳了但也可以对空气电极正极进气装置 14 外界的空气预先进行过滤处理来过 滤、 吸收空气中的我二氧化碳。
(C-5)空气电极载体 15
其结构为多孔片状,形状为矩形、圆形、多边形、其他形状,其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 l a m (微米) -1000 rn (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、大于 lm (米)范围内的任意值,也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -ΙΟΟΟ μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
这里对空气电极载体 15的空间位置做一说明, 其空间位置见图 10、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8中, 在图 10中对于空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极集流体 11 相连接的部分称为 "四周"、 "周围"、 "四个边",
在图 5中空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14相连接的部分称为空 气电极载体 15的 "面", 空气电极载体 15与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4相连接的 部分也称为空气电极载体 15的 "面"。
在图 6中空气电极载体 15与空气电极催化剂涂层 17相连接的部分称为空气 电极载体 15的 "面"。
在图 7中空气电极载体 15与空气电极催化剂涂层 17相连接的部分称为空气 电极载体 15的 "面", 空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14相连接的部 分称为空气电极载体 15的 "面"。
空气电极载体 15可以与不同的结构方式与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,具 体的连接结构见关于空气电极正极集流体 11的介绍,空气电极载体 15在与空气 电极正极集流体 11连接的同时, 也与电极催化剂涂层 17、 空气电极正极进气装 置 14、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4紧密的结合。 这儿值得注意的是, 空气电极载 体 15与空气电极正极集流体 11连接是在不影响空气电极载体 15与空气电极催 化剂涂层 17、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的紧密结合 的。
空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14的 "里面"紧密的结合, 这种 结合可以通过辊压机的作用紧密的结合, 也可以通过其他的方式实现。也可以通 过空气电极催化剂涂层 17将空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14的"里 面"粘结, 再通过辊压机的作用紧密的结合, 也可以通过其他的方式实现。
空气电极载体 15是催化剂 16的载体, 是一种电子导体材料, 是一种多孔的 比表面积大的材料, 通过通过化学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀 法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离 子镀膜法、 高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、 生物细菌发、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等 各种方法技术工艺将催化剂 16均匀制作到空气电极载体 15多孔表面上,这样氧 气分子在催化剂 16的催化作用下转变成为阳离子的过程中可以在最短的最有效 的距离上获取电子。
空气电极载体 15包括不限于以碳材料、 以及碳材料为主制做成的膜结构、 网结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构、 纳米材料等; 以碳纳米材料制成的网状 结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构等; 以金属泡沫材料制 成的网状结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构等, 例如铜泡沫纤维、 银 泡沫颗粒等; 以金属纳米材料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗 粒结构、 粉末结构等, 例如铜纤维、 铜纤维布、 银纤维布、 银颗粒等。
(C-6)催化剂 16
通过通过化学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水 热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴 等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高温 高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌发、 生物发酵法、生物粘结法等各种方法技术工 艺将催化剂 16均匀的制作到催化剂 16的载体空气电极载体 15的多孔表面上, 通过上述的通过化学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸 钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高 温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌发、 生物发酵法、生物粘结法等各种方法技术 工艺制作的催化剂 16为纳米数量级上的颗粒, 在实际的制作过程中可能会出现 微米级的颗粒, 在这里可以选直径在 0.001nm-1000nm、 1 μ m-1000 μ m之间、 以 纳米级优先选择。
对于催化剂 16材料的选择, 可选用银系催化剂、 钙钛矿型催化剂、 铂催化 剂、 和钯系催化剂、 锰系催化剂、 金属复合氧化物催化剂、 金属氧化物催化剂、 有机物金属催化剂、 金属螯合物催化剂等催化剂。
催化剂 16也是空气电极催化剂涂层 17的重要组成部分,通过通过化学沉积 法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、水热法、 归一法、微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜 法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、 生 物细菌发、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制成的催化剂 16, 粉 碎后与导电剂多孔吸附剂混合构成了空气电极催化剂涂层 17。 将催化剂 16通过各种方法技术制作到空气电极载体 15的多孔表面上的工艺 1、 空气电极载体 15载体的预处理:
( 1-D可以用,的 ^法清洗:
将一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15放入到入适量的 95%乙醇中,充分搅拌 2h, 将充分搅拌后的液体倒出,然后再加入大量的去离子水进行洗涤后 3次; 最后将 清洗干净的空气电极载体 15,将清洗干净的空气电极载体 15放入 40 °C的烘箱中 干燥 12h, 备用。
( 1-2)可以用酸洗的 ^法清洗:
将一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15加入 10% HC1 溶液中, 充分搅拌 3h, 充分搅拌后, 将液体倒出, 然后用大量去离子水对其洗涤直至近中性, 最后倒出 去离子水, 将清洗干净的空气电极载体 15放入 40°C的烘箱中干燥 12h, 备用。
( 1-3)可以用碱洗的方法清洗:
将一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15加入 10% NaOH 溶液中,充分搅拌 3h, 将充分搅拌后的将液体倒出,然后用去离子水对其洗涤直至近中性, 最后倒出去 离子水, 将清洗干净的空气电极载体 15放入 40°C的烘箱中干燥 12h, 备用。
( 1-4)也可以不进行以上预处理, 直接进行下面赚作。
2、 以锰系催化剂为例可以用多种方法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(2-1 )可以用沉淀法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
在以上的与处理完成后, 在 60°C恒温下, 磁力搅拌和震荡下, 将一定尺寸 大小的空气电极载体 15放入到 lOOmL 0.22mol/L 的 KMn04溶液中, 然后将 100ml 0.3mol/L 的 Mn(N03)2溶液缓慢滴加到放入了空气电极载体 15 的 lOOmL 0.22mol/L 的 KMn04溶液中,滴加过程中用 0.8mol/L 的 KOH溶液调 pH值在 8 左右。滴加完毕后停止搅拌和震荡,将所得物在 60°C水浴中静置 2h, 然后用同温度的蒸馏水洗涤至中性。 最后将空气电极载体 15于 110°C下干燥, 并于 400°C焙烧 4h。
(2-2)可以用电解法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
电解液温度为 95 ± 2°C, 电解液组成为 30g/L 的 H2S04与 130 g/L 的 MnS04混合溶液, 并向混合液中加入一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15, 不断搅 拌, 进行电解。 将电解槽底空气电极载体 15用去离子水进行洗涤至近中性, 鼓 风 80°C干燥 24h。
(2-3)可以用水热法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
将 33.8g 的 MnS04 * H20 和 0.25mol/L 的 (NH4)2S04溶解在 500mL水中, 然后放入一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15搅拌 30min, 超声振荡 15min, 然后 水浴升温至 90°C ; 另取 500ml 水升温至 90°C, 加入 45.66g 的 ( H4)2S208, 待搅拌全部溶解后, 将两者快速混合, 反应 12h, 自然冷却至常温, 用去离子水 洗直至 pH=5-6; 鼓风 80°C干燥 24h 后即可。
(2-4)可以用归一法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。 取 21.4g KMn04溶解在 700ml去离子水中, 放入上述一定尺寸大小的空气 电极载体 15 ; 另取 33.8gMnS04 · Η20 溶解在 300mL去离子水中, 待全部溶解 之后, 剧烈搅拌 30min 后, 将 MnS04混合液滴加入 KMn04 溶液中, 60min 滴完, 继续反应 120min后, 用去离子水洗涤直至 pH值为 6~7, 鼓风 80°C干 燥 24ho
(2-5)可以用微波法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
将 33.8g 的 MnS04 * H20 禾 P 0.25mol/L 的 (NH4)2S04溶解在 500mL水中, 然后放入一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15搅拌 30min, 超声振荡 15min, 然后 水浴升温至 90°C ; 另取 500ml 水升温至 90°C, 加入 45.66g 的 (NH4;>2S208, 待 搅拌全部溶解后, 将两者快速混合, 剧烈搅拌震荡 lmin后将其置于微波炉, 微 波功率 1500W, 15min 后取出自然冷却至常温, 用去离子水洗直至 pH=5~6; 鼓风 80°C干燥 24h 后即可。
(2-6)可以用归一微波法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
取 21.4g KMn04溶解在 700ml去离子水中, 放入上述一定尺寸大小的空气 电极载体 15 ; 另取 33.8gMnS04 · Η20 溶解在 300mL去离子水中, 待全部溶解 之后, 剧烈搅拌 30min 后, 将 MnS04混合液滴加入 KMn04 溶液中, 60min 滴完, 滴完后放入微波炉中, 微波功率 1500W, 微波时间 15min, 取出自然冷 却, 抽滤, 去离子水洗涤直至 pH值为 6~7, 鼓风 80°C干燥 24h。
(2-7)可以用乙炔黑还原髙锰酸钾法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
将 0.354g 乙炔黑加入 200ml 摩尔浓度为 0.1mol/L KMn04溶液中, 搅拌 20min 后放入一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15, 90 °C恒温水浴 24h, 至反应完 全, 用去离子水洗涤三遍, 鼓风 80°C干燥 24h。
(2-8)可以用硝酸锰分解法将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
取 500ml 50%Mn(NO3)2溶液, 放入上述一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15例 如碳纸、 碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等; 浸泡 lOmin后, 将 放入了空 气电极载体 15的 Μη(Ν03)2溶液进行加热,将空气电极载体 15例如碳纸、碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等; 解热至 280°C-700°C, 温度的上升速度不超过 每分钟 2°C, 加热到 280°C-700°C的过程中边加热边翻动空气电极载体 15, 直至 干燥, 再恒温 280 °C -700 °C—小时, 自然冷却至室温。
最合适的温度是: 例如将放入了空气电极载体 15例如碳纸、 碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤 维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等的 Mn(N03)2溶液加热至 300°C-350°C。 温度的上升速度不 超过每分钟 2V, 加热到 300°C-350°C的过程中边加热边翻动空气电极载体 15, 直至干燥, 再恒温 280 °C -700 °C—小时。
3、 以银系催化剂为例可以用将银系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(3-1 )可以用沉积法将银系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
按质量比 2: 1 称取聚乙烯吡咯垸酮 (PVP) 34g和硝酸银 17g 混合配制成透明 水溶液 10L (硝酸银浓度为 0.01mol/L)。 加入一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15 充分浸泡搅拌 30min, 向其中逐滴加入硝酸银等摩尔的 O. lmol/L 的 NaBH4溶 液 10L, 保持搅拌震荡, 充分反应后, 搅拌震荡 2h 后, 洗涤, 置于 40°C的真 空中干燥 12h 。
4、 以银系催化剂、锰系催化剂的复合催化剂为例可以将银系催化剂、 锰系催化 剤的复合催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(4-1) 可以通过 (2-1) (2-2) (2-3) (2-4) (2-5) (2-6) (2-7) (2-8) 中的 方法先将锰系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上, 然后再用 (3-1) 中的方法将银 系催化剂再制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(4-2)也可以通过(3-1) 中的方法先将银系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15 上, 然后再用 2-1) (2-2) (2-3) (2-4) (2-5) (2-6) (2-7) (2-8) 中的方法将锰 系催化剂再制作到空气电极载体 15上。
5、 以钴系催化剂为例可以将钴系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(5-1)可以用摘酸钴分解法将钴系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
取 500ml 20%Co(NO3)2溶液, 放入上述一定尺寸大小的空气电极载体 15例 如碳纸、 碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等; 浸泡 lOmin后, 将 放入了空 气电极载体 15的 Co(N03)2溶液进行加热, 将空气电极载体 15例如碳纸、碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等的位置上加热至 500°C-800°C, 温度的上升速度 不超过每分钟 2V, 将空气电极载体 15例如碳纸、 碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻 璃纤维膜等的位置上加热到 500°C-800°C的过程中边加热边翻动空气电极载体 15, 直至干燥, 再恒温将空气电极载体 15例如碳纸、 碳布、 碳毡、 碳纤维膜、 玻璃纤维膜等的位置上 500°C-800°C—小时, 自然冷却至室温。
6、 以钴系催化剂、 锰系催化剂的复合催化剂为例可以将钴系催化剂、 锰系催化 剂的复合催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
(6-1)也可以通过(5-1) 中的方法先将钴系催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15 上, 然后再用 (2-1) (2-2) (2-3) (2-4) (2-5) (2-6) (2-7) (2-8) 中的方法将 锰系催化剂再制作到空气电极载体 15上。
除以上 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6等工艺技术方法将催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15 上外, 可以用离子镀膜法将催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上、 还可以用真空离 子镀膜法将催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上、 还可以用高温真空离子镀膜法将 催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上、 还可以用高温高压离子镀膜法将催化剂制作 到空气电极载体 15上、 还可以用高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法将催化剂制作到空气 电极载体 15上、 还可以用高温高压喷涂法将催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上、 还可以用人工喷涂法将催化剂制作到空气电极载体 15上。
在制作催化剂的过程中, 需要对排出的有害物质、 其他产物例如一氧化氮、 二氧化氮、 二氧化硫等进行回收再利用。例如可以将一氧化氮、 二氧化氮制备成 硝酸及硝酸盐、 二氧化硫制备成硫酸及硫酸盐。
用以上所述的多种工艺技术方法把催化剂 16与空气电极载体 15相结合,形 成不可分割、 浑然一体的空气电极正极 1上的氧辅助结构及辅助材料。 催化剂 16包括不限于银系催化剂、 钙钛矿型催化剂、 铂催化剂、 钯系催化 剂、 锰系催化剂、 金属复合氧化物催化剂、 金属氧化物催化剂、 有机物金属催化 剂、 钴系催化剂、 金属螯合物催化剂、 银系催化剂等催化剂。
空气电极载体 15包括不限于以碳材料、 以及碳材料为主制做成的膜结构、 网结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构、 纳米材料等; 以碳纳米材料制成的网状 结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构等; 以金属泡沫材料制 成的网状结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构等, 例如铜泡沫纤维、 银 泡沫颗粒等; 以金属纳米材料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗 粒结构、 粉末结构等, 例如铜纤维、 铜纤维布、 银纤维布、 银颗粒等。
最重要的是利用以上所述的多种工艺技术方法把这些催化剂与空气电极载 体 15相结合, 形成不可分割、 浑然一体的空气电极正极 1上的氧辅助结构及辅 助材料。
(C-7)空气电极催化剂涂层 17
呈膏状、泥状, 涂在空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14之间, 涂 在空气电极载体 15与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4之间, 同时涂在空气电极载体 15 与空气电极正极进气装置 14,空气电极载体 15与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4之间。
空气电极催化剂涂层 17在空气电极载体 15与空气电极正极进气装置 14, 空气电极载体 15与吸虹膜 4之间的其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫 米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。
空气电极催化剂涂层 17增加空气电极正极 1催化活性, 增加了空气电极载体 15 与空气电极正极进气装置 14之间的紧密性,增加了空气电极载体 15与虹吸膜去 高温防冻材料 4之间的紧密性。
空气电极催化剂涂层 17是由催化剂 16经过粉碎后与导电剂多孔吸附剂用水 混合成膏状、 泥状, 也可以是由催化剂 16经过粉碎后与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂用 正极电解液 9混合成膏状、 泥状。 也可以是由催化剂 16经过粉碎后与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂用正极电解液 9的溶剂混合成膏状、 泥状。
构成空气电极催化剂涂层 17的导电剂材料可选择例如: 石墨 (ks-6), 炭黑 (KB), 乙炔黑 (AB),金属纤维,金属粉,气相生长碳纤维 (VGCF),碳纳米管 CNTs 等。
构成空气电极催化剂涂层 17的多孔吸附剂材料可选择氧化铝、 钙钛矿、 活 性炭、 脱脂棉、 脱脂亚麻、 玻璃纤维、 碳纳米材料等。
催化剂 16与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂三者之间的质量比是 X: Y: Z。
X为大于 0的正数, Y为大于 0的正数, Z为大于 0的正数。
例如图表中的比例:
X催化剂 16 Y导电剂 Z多孔吸附剂
1 2 5
1 4 7
1 2 6 1 4 9
1 1 15
1 2 8
1 1 8 空气电极催化剂涂层 17也可以由催化剂 16经过粉碎后与导电剂多、孔吸附 剂、粘结剂用水混合成膏状、 泥状, 也可以是由催化剂 16经过粉碎后与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂用正极电解液 9混合成膏状、 泥状。 也可以是由催化剂 16经过粉碎 后与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂用正极电解液 9的溶剂混合成膏状、 泥状。
构成空气电极催化剂涂层 17的导电剂材料可选择例如: 石墨 (ks-6), 炭黑 (KB), 乙炔黑 (AB),金属纤维,金属粉,气相生长碳纤维 (VGCF),碳纳米管 CNTs 等。
构成空气电极催化剂涂层 17的多孔吸附剂材料可选择例如: 氢氧化铝、 氧 化铝、钙钛矿、 活性炭、脱脂棉、脱脂亚麻、玻璃纤维、碳纳米材料、 小麦胚粉、 脱脂玉米胚粉、 玉米芯碎片、 粗麸皮、 大豆细粉、 二氧化硅、 蛭石、 硅酸钙、 硅 胶、 沸石、 粘土等。
构成空气电极催化剂涂层 17的粘结剂材料可选择聚乙烯醇(PVA), 聚四氟 乙烯 (PTFE), 羟甲基纤维素钠 (CMC), 聚烯烃类 (PP、 PE以及其他的共聚物), PVDF/NMP, 粘结性能良好的改性 SBR橡胶, 氟化橡胶, 聚胺酯等。
催化剂 16与导电剂、 多孔吸附剂、 粘结剂之间的质量比是 X: Y: Z: W。 X为大于 0的正数, Y为大于 0的正数, Z为大于 0的正数, W为大于 0的正数。 例如图表中的比例:
Figure imgf000025_0001
空气电极催化剂涂层 17也可以用以下方法制作:
将催化剂 16用各种方法制作到多孔吸附剂上, 然后再与导电剂、 粘结剂混 合成膏状、 泥状。
将催化剂 16制作到多孔吸附剂上可以用: 催化剂 16制作到空气电极载体 15的各种方法技术工艺。
例如: 化学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸 钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高 温高压喷涂离子镀膜法等。 空气电极的制作工艺:
A、 空气电极载体上分布催化剂
1、 按照一定的尺寸裁取空气电极载体
2、 将催化剂制作到空气电极载体
Β、 ¾Φ气电极载体上制作空气电极正极 体、 空气电极正极极耳
C、 制作催化剂涂层
D、 将催化剂涂层制作到空气电极载体上
E、 将空气电极正難 置制作到空气电¾±
A、 空气电极载体上分布催化剂
1、 选取一种材料作, 按照一定的尺寸裁取空气电极载体, 将裁好的空气电 极载体浸泡到强酸或者强碱中, 或者先后浸泡到一定浓度的强酸、 强碱中。然后 密封, 浸泡一定的时间, 1-100小时, 优选 12-24小时。
2、 浸泡时间到达后, 开封, 从浸泡的强酸或者碱中捞出, 用蒸馏水或者清 水清洗至中性 (PH值在 6.5-7.5 )。 然后利用甩干机将蒸馏水甩干, 再放置到真 空干燥箱中供干。
3、 将烘干的空气电极载体浸泡到催化剂前体溶液中或者悬浮液中, 密封, 浸泡一定的时间, 1-100小时, 优选 12-24小时, 催化剂前体溶液中或者悬浮液 中可以添加一些化学物质增加催化剂涂层的多孔结构和催化活性, 可选用: 氯化 钠, 蔗糖, 果糖, 草酸铵, 硫代硫酸钠等中的至少一种。
4、浸泡时间到达后,开封,从浸泡的催化剂前体溶液中或者悬浮液中捞出, 平整均匀的铺平到平底的搪瓷盘或玻璃盘的底盘中。
5、 保持空气电极载体吸附由充足量的催化剂前体溶液或者悬浮液。
6、 进行分段式加热或者反应。
7、 加热至第一个温度点, 维持第一个温度点恒温一定的时间, 进一步加热 第二个温度点,维持第二个温度点恒温一定的时间,进一步加热至第三个温度点, 维持第三个温度点恒温一定的时间,进一步加热至第四个温度点, 维持第四个温 度点恒温一定的时间,进一步从第五个温度点缓慢的加热至第六个温度点,温度 上升的速度读保持在一定的时间内升一定的温度,加热至第七个温度点, 维持第 七个温度点恒温一定的时间, 然后停止加热, 让高温炉自然冷却至室温, 或者反 应结束。
空气电极载体上分布催化剂的制作完成, 准备待用。
B、 在空气电极载体上制作空气电极正极集流体、 空气电极正极极耳
1、 取上一步骤中只做好的分布有催化剂的空气电极载体, 用剪刀或裁减器将四 边进行修整, 使四边平整, 将修整过得空气电极载体放入电镀仪中进行电镀, 在 空气电极载体的四周 5-10mm的宽的范围上电镀一圈铜或者镍或其他金属, 电镀 的厚度 0.03mm-0.05mm,空气电极载体四周 5-10mm宽的一圈铜或者镍为空气电 极正极集流体,
2、 在空气电极载体四周 5-10mm宽的一圈铜或者镍上焊接一条或者多条铜条或 镍条, 宽度 5-10mm, 厚度 0.05mm-0.1mm。 这些焊接在空气电极正极集流体上 的铜条或镍条为空气电极正极极耳。焊接可选用电阻焊接, 超声波焊接, 激光焊 接等焊接方法。
3、
C、 制作催化剂涂层
选取活性炭为吸附剂, 选取石墨烯、 乙炔黑为导电剂, 催化剂涂层由催化剂、 多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分散剂和粘结剂组成, 制作催 化剂涂层有多种方法:
催化剂选自银系催化剂、 钙钛矿型催化剂、 铂催化剂、 钯系催化剂、 锰系催 化剂、 金属复合氧化物催化剂、 金属氧化物催化剂、 有机物金属催化剂、 金属螯 合物催化剂中的一种或多种;
吸附剂选自活性炭、 活性氧化铝、 分子筛、 硅胶中的一种或多种; 导电剂选自乙炔黑、 石墨烯、 石墨粉、 炭黑、 超级炭黑、 聚苯胺、 聚乙炔、 聚吡咯、 聚噻吩、 金属粉中的一种或多种;
粘结剂选自聚四氟乙烯乳、 脂肪酸金属盐 (脂肪酸钠, 脂肪酸钾等)、 聚乙 酸乙烯酯、 聚乙烯醇、 聚氧化乙烯、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、 聚乙烯醚、 聚甲基丙烯酸 甲酯、 聚偏氟乙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 聚丙烯腈、 聚乙烯吡啶、 聚苯乙烯, 或者它们的 衍生物、 共聚物中的一种或多种;
分散剂选自乙醇、 甲醇、 乙基纤维素、 水、 脂肪酸类中的一种或多种。
1、 先单独制作催化剂, 然后将制作好的催化剂与多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分 散剂和粘结剂直接混合制作而成。
2、 用催化剂的前体与多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分散剂混合分散制作成溶液或 悬浮液, 然后用制作催化剂的方法, 将催化剂直接分布到吸附剂、 导电剂上, 使 三者结合在一起, 催化剂以纳米级的尺寸分布到吸附剂、 导电剂上(其中分散剂 在制作催化剂的过程中会以气体或蒸汽的形式释放出,或者分解成气体释放出,) 然后将吸附剂、导电剂以及分布在吸附剂、导电剂上的催化剂用粘结剂和分散剂 进行混合制成催化剂涂层。
3、 先用催化剂的前体与多孔吸附剂、分散剂混合分散制作成溶液或悬浮液, 然后用制作催化剂的方法, 将催化剂直接分布到吸附剂上, 使二者结合在一起, 催化剂以纳米级的尺寸分布到吸附剂上,再用催化剂的前体与导电剂、分散剂混 合分散制作成溶液或悬浮液,然后用制作催化剂的方法,将催化剂直接分布到导 电剂上, 使二者结合在一起, 催化剂以纳米级的尺寸分布到导电剂上(其中分散 剂在制作催化剂的过程中会以气体或蒸汽的形式释放出, 或者分解成气体释放 出,),然后将上述的两种分别分布有催化剂的吸附剂和吸附剂用粘结剂和分散剂 进行混合制成催化剂涂层。 4、 在上述的 2和 3的基础上还可以添加一些化学物质增加催化剂涂层的多 孔结构和催化活性, 可选用: 氯化钠, 蔗糖, 果糖, 草酸铵, 硫代硫酸钠等中的 至少一种。
(4-1 )用催化剂的前体与多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分散剂、 同时再添加上述化 学物质中的至少一种混合分散制作成溶液或悬浮液, 然后用制作催化剂的方法, 将催化剂直接分布到吸附剂、 导电剂上, 然后将吸附剂、 导电剂以及分布在吸附 剂、 导电剂上的催化剂用粘结剂、 和分散剂进行混合制成催化剂涂层。
D、 将催化剂涂层制作到空气电极载体上
制作方法可以是-
1、 用涂布机直接涂到空气电极载体的一侧或者两侧, 涂抹的厚度
2、 用涂布机直接涂到空气电极载体的一侧或者两侧,然后在辊压机中进行 辊压, 涂抹的厚度 0.05-0.1mm, 辊压后的厚度 0.03-0.05mm。
3、 用喷涂机喷涂。
4、 烧制
(4-1 )选取一种材料作, 按照一定的尺寸裁取空气电极载体, 将裁好的空 气电极载体浸泡到强酸或者强碱中, 或者先后浸泡到一定浓度的强酸、 强碱中。 然后密封, 浸泡一定的时间, 1-100小时, 优选 12-24小时,
(4-2) 浸泡时间到达后, 开封, 从浸泡的强酸或者碱中捞出, 用蒸馏水或 者清水清洗至中性 (PH值在 6.5-7.5 )。 然后利用甩干机将蒸馏水甩干, 再放置 到真空干燥箱中烘干,
(4-3 )将烘干的空气电极载体浸泡到催化剂前体溶液中或者悬浮液中, 密 封, 浸泡一定的时间, 1-100小时, 优选 12-24小时
(4-4)浸泡时间到达后, 开封, 将空气电极载体从浸泡的催化剂前体溶液 中或者悬浮液中捞出,, 平整均匀的铺平到平底的搪瓷盘或玻璃盘的底盘中,
(4-5 ) 制作催化剂涂层
(4-5-1 ) 用催化剂的前体与多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分散剂混合分散制作成 溶液或悬浮液,
(4-5-2 ) 用催化剂的前体与多孔吸附剂、 分散剂混合分散制作成溶液或悬 浮液, (4-5-3 )用催化剂的前体与导电剂、分散剂混合分散制作成溶液或悬浮液,
(4-6 ) 将 (4-5 ) 中制作的催化剂涂层中的至少一种涂布到 (4-4) 中准备 好的空气电极载体上,
(4-7)将涂有(4-5 )中制作的催化剂涂层的空气电极载体连带连同搪瓷盘 或玻璃盘放入到高温炉中, 关上高温炉的箱体门, 开始进行分段式加热。
(4-8 )加热至第一个温度点, 维持第一个温度点恒温一定的时间, 进一步 加热第二个温度点, 维持第二个温度点恒温一定的时间,进一步加热至第三个温 度点, 维持笫三个温度点恒温一定的时间, 进一步加热至笫四个温度点, 维持笫 四个温度点恒温一定的时间, 进一步从第五个温度点缓慢的加热至第六个温度 点,温度上升的速度读保持在一定的时间内升一定的温度,加热至第七个温度点, 维持第七个温度点恒温一定的时间, 然后停止加热, 让高温炉自然冷却至室温。
烧制过程完成。 经过上述的烧制过程, 催化剂涂层已经被烧制到空气电极 载体上。 5、 重复烧制
将上述烧制完成的空气电极载体 (催化剂涂层已经被烧制到空气电极载体 上) 重新浸泡到催化剂前体溶液中或者悬浮液中密封, 浸泡一定的时间, 1-100 小时, 优选 12-24 小时, 然后重复 (4-4)到 (4-8 ) 的过程, 将催化剂涂层被烧制 到空气电极载体上, 从而完成二次烧制, 也可以进行同样的多次重复烧制, 将催 化剂涂层烧制到空气电极载体上。 空气电极载体分布催化剂制作实例:
选取 3K碳布材料作为空气电极载体,选取二氧化锰为催化剂,选取硝酸锰 溶液 (50%) 为催化剂前体, 将催化剂二氧化锰分布固定到空气电极载体上。
1、 裁取 12cm* 12cm的 3K碳布, 将裁好的碳布浸泡到浓硫酸(98.3%)中, 密封, 浸泡 24小时。
2、 开封后, 将碳布从浓硫酸中捞出, 用蒸馏水清洗至中性 (PH 值在 6.5-7.5 ), 然后利用甩干机将碳布上的蒸馏水甩干, 再放置到真空干燥箱中烘干。
3、 将烘干的碳布浸泡到硝酸锰溶液 (50%) 中, 密封, 浸泡 24小时。
4、 开封后, 将碳布从硝酸锰溶液 (50%) 中捞出, 平整均匀的铺平到平底 的搪瓷盘或玻璃盘的底盘中。
5、 然后用输液器吸取 10ml的硝酸锰溶液 (50%), 将 10ml的硝酸锰溶液 ( 50%) 滴到铺平的碳布上, 使碳布吸足硝酸锰溶液 (50%)。
6、 将搪瓷盘或玻璃盘的中吸足了硝酸锰溶液的碳布连同搪瓷盘或玻璃盘 放入到高温炉中, 关上高温炉的箱体门, 开始进行分段式加热。
7、 加热至 100°C,维持 100°C恒温 15分钟,进一步加热至 150°C,维持 150°C 恒温 60分钟,进一步加热至 180°C,维持 180°C恒温 90分钟,进一步加热至 200 °C, 维持 200°C恒温 30分钟, 进一步从 200 °C缓慢的加热至 300 °C, 温度上升的速度 读保持在每 3-4分钟升 2°C, 加热至 300°C, 维持 300 °C恒温 60分钟, 然后停止 加热, 让高温炉自然冷却至室温。
8、 高温炉自然冷却至室温后,打开高温炉的箱体门,从高温炉中取出碳布。 空气电极载体上分布催化剂的制作完成, 准备待用。 实例- 选取硝酸锰溶液 (50%) 为催化剂前体, 制取二氧化锰催化剂的过程:
1、 称取 600g的硝酸锰溶液 (50%), 分成四份每份 150g分别加入到四个 500ml的烧杯中。
2、 将四个加有硝酸锰溶液的烧杯放入到高温炉中, 关上高温炉的箱体门, 开始进行分段式加热。
3、 加热至 100°C,维持 100°C恒温 15分钟,进一步加热至 150°C,维持 150°C 恒温 60分钟,进一步加热至 180°C,维持 180°C恒温 90分钟,进一步加热至 200 °C, 维持 200°C恒温 30分钟, 进一步从 200 °C缓慢的加热至 300 °C, 温度上升的速度 读保持在每 3-4分钟升 2°C, 加热至 300°C, 维持 300 °C恒温 60分钟, 然后停止 加热, 让高温炉自然冷却至室温。
4、高温炉自然冷却至室温后,打开高温炉的箱体门,从高温炉中取出烧杯。 将烧杯中制成的催化剂二氧化锰取出, 放入球磨机中进行球磨, 磨成粉末。
二氧化锰催化剂的制备完成。 实例:
选取硝酸锰溶液 (50%)、 碳酸锂、 硝酸钴为催化剂前体, 制取锰系-钴-锂 催化剂的过程:
1、 称取硝酸锰溶液 (50%) 2000g、 碳酸锂 104g, 硝酸钴 43g, 将硝酸钴 全部加入到 2000g的硝酸锰溶液中,搅拌溶解,然后再加入碳酸锂便加入边搅拌, 然后再加入一定量的硫酸, 使加入的碳酸锂全部溶解,
2、 然后将上述的混合溶液分成八等分分别加入到 8个 1000ml的烧杯中,
3、 将八个加上述的混合溶液的烧杯放入到高温炉中, 关上高温炉的箱体 门, 开始进行分段式加热。
4、 加热至 100°C,维持 100°C恒温 15分钟,进一步加热至 150°C,维持 150°C 恒温 60分钟,进一步加热至 180°C,维持 180°C恒温 90分钟,进一步加热至 200 °C, 维持 200°C恒温 30分钟, 进一步从 200 °C缓慢的加热至 300 °C, 温度上升的速度 读保持在每 3-4分钟升 2°C, 加热至 300°C, 维持 300 °C恒温 60分钟, 然后停止 加热, 让高温炉自然冷却至室温,
5、 高温炉自然冷却至室温后,打开高温炉的箱体门,从高温炉中取出烧杯。 将烧杯中制成的生成物取出, 放入球磨机中进行球磨, 磨成粉末,
6、 然后将粉末分成 4等分, 加入到 4个 100ml的坩埚中,
7、 将 4个加有催化剂粉的坩埚放入到马弗炉中继续加热
8、 加热至 800°C维持 12小时, 然后自然冷却,
9、 从马弗炉中取出放入球磨机中进行球磨, 磨成粉末, 然后重复 6到 9的 步骤, 在加热到 800°C, 12小时, 球磨两次。
最后放入球磨机中进行球磨, 磨成粉末,
锰系-钴-锂催化剂催化剂的制备完成。
(二)金属负极 2
(A)结构特点: 由金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24等构成。
(B)运行特点: 空气电极正极 1中产生的阳离子在正负极之间电场的作用下通 过吸有正极电解液 9的吸虹膜 4, 穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 和电解质 5, 到达金属燃料 24, 同时金属燃料 24的金属原子失去一个电子, 形 成金属离子, 电子通过金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线 路 23以及电池的外电路进入到空气电极正极 1上, 这时氧原子和金属离子结合 生成金属氧化物, 放电反应开始进行。
(C)各组成 特技术特点
(C-1 )金属负极集流体 21
汇集金属负极 2上的电流的装置, 一侧与金属负极极耳 22相连, 将汇集的 电流通过金属负极极耳 22导出。另一侧与金属燃料 24紧密连接, 金属负极集流 体 21可用过冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜 等的方法与金属燃料 24紧密连接。金属负极集流体 21可通过焊接、冲压、印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 金属负极集流体 21可选用例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属制成, 也可选用电导率高的二元合金、 多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、 碳纳米材料、 碳布、 碳纸、 碳绳、 石墨毡、 石墨板等碳制品作为集流体, 形状可以是箔状、 片 状、 丝状、 纤维状、 网状、 涂层、 镀层等, 例如金属箔、 金属片、 金属丝、 金属 纤维、 金属网、 金属涂层、 金属镀层、 合金箔、 合金片、 合金丝、 合金纤维、 合 金网、 合金涂层、 合金镀层等。 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫 米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ η -100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长 度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24连接结构见图 14、 图 15、 图 16、 图 17、 图 18、 图 19、 图 20、 图 21
在图 14中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中一个边紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制 品紧密的包在金属燃料 24的其中一个边上。 也可以是丝状、 纤维状、 网状的金 属、合金、碳制品紧密的镶嵌到金属燃料 24的其中一个边上。也可以是以涂层、 镀层方式将金属、 合金、 碳制品涂到、 镀到空气金属燃料 24的其中一个边上。 还可以通过冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等 的方法将金属负极集流体 21紧密粘贴结合到金属燃料 24上。
图 15、 图 16是图 14H-H方向上的截面图。
在图 15中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中一个边紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接结构同图 14中的金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24理解结构相 同。
在图 16中, 金属负极集流体 21嵌入到金属燃料 24内部, 这种连接结构可 应用于图 22、 图 23的电池, 在这个实施例的电池中, 电池中央有一个金属负极 2, 电池的两边各有一个空气电极正极 1, 这样就是两个空气电极正极 1共用一 个金属负极 2。 详细的介绍见下文。
在图 17中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中四个边紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制 品紧密的包在金属燃料 24的四个边上。 也可以是丝状、 纤维状、 网状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的镶嵌到金属燃料 24的四个边上。 也可以是以涂层、 镀层方 式将金属、 合金、 碳制品涂到、 镀到金属燃料 24的四个边上。 还可以通过冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等的方法将金属负极 集流体 21紧密粘贴结合到金属燃料 24上。
在图 18中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中一个面紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制 品紧密的粘在金属燃料 24的其中一个面上。 金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24 的两个面都紧密的连接在一体,在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是箔状、 片状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的粘在金属燃料 24的的两个面都紧密的连接在 一体。 还可以通过冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等的方法将金属负极集流体 21紧密粘贴结合到金属燃料 24上。
在图 19中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中一个面紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是网状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密 的粘在金属燃料 24的其中一个面上。 金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的两个 面都紧密的连接在一体,在这种连接中, 金属负极集流体 21可以是网状的金属、 合金、 碳制品紧密的粘在金属燃料 24的的两个面都紧密的连接在一体。 还可以 通过冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等的方法 将金属负极集流体 21紧密粘贴结合到金属燃料 24上。
图 20、 图 21是图 19I-I方向上的截面图。
在图 20中金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24的其中一个面紧密的连接在一 体, 在这种连接结构同图 19中的金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24理解结构相 同。
在图 21中, 金属负极集流体 21嵌入到金属燃料 24内部, 这种连接结构可 应用于图 22、 图 23的电池, 在这个实施例的电池中, 电池中央有一个金属负极 2, 电池的两边各有一个空气电极正极 1, 这样就是两个空气电极正极 1共用一 个金属负极 2。 详细的介绍见下文。
对于图 14、 图 15、 图 16、 图 17、 图 18、 图 19、 图 20、 图 21中的空金属 负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24之间的相互结构关系,并不代表本发明创新的空气 金属燃料电池中空金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24之间的相互结构关系只有这 几种, 凡是金属负极集流体 21与金属燃料 24以一定的结构关系连接, 都在本发 明创新的空气金属燃料电池的发明范围之内。
空气电极正极集流体 11、空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极输出线路 13经以 上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-2)金属负极极耳 22
其一端与金属负极集流体 21相连接,将金属负极集流体 21汇集的电流从电 池内部导出, 另一端与金属负极输出线路 23相连接, 金属负极极耳 22可以通过 冲焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法与金属负极集流体 21 和金属负极输出线路 23相连接, 从而有效的将电流从金属燃料 24上导出。 同时又可以有效的将电池内部的物质封堵在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10内。 确 保了电池的密封性。
金属负极极耳 22可选用和金属负极集流体 21相同的材料, 例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属制成, 也可选用电导率高的二元合金、 多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、 碳纳米材料、 碳布、 碳纸、 碳绳、 石墨毡、 石墨板等碳制品作 为金属负极极耳 22, 优先选择电导率高的金属和电导率高的合金材料。 其形状 可以是带状、片状、柱状、线状等其他形状,优选带状和柱状。其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 m (微米) -1000 rn (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、大于 lm (米)范围内的任意值,也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 u rn (微米) -ΙΟΟΟ μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm
(毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13 经以上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-3)金属负极输出线路 23
其一端与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 另一端与外界的负载相连接, 电池放电 时将电池的电流输送到外界的负载上,完成放电反应。也可以是其一端与金属负 极极耳 22相连接, 另一端与外界的负载准备连接, 准备连接的意思就是本发明 创新的空气金属燃料电池制造生产以后还没有和外界的负载还没有接通,处于商 品状态、储存状态没有被使用,还有一层意思就是电池放电一段时间后与外界负 载断开。金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22的连接可以通过焊接的方式连 接到一体, 也可以通过夹子、 卡子连接, 还可以通过螺丝等其它方式连接。 金属 负极输出线路 23可以通过冲焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等 方法与金属负极集流体 21和金属负极极耳 22相连接, 从而有效的将金属燃料 24上的电流导出。
金属负极输出线路 23可以是我们日常生活中常见的各种金属导线例例如单 股铜芯导线、 单股铝芯导线、 双股铜芯导线、 双股铝芯导线、 多股铜芯导线、 多 股铝芯导线, 也可是以例如: 铜、 镍、 银、 铅等电导率高的金属材料, 也可选用 电导率高的二元合金、 多元合金材料, 还可以选碳纤维、 碳纳米材料、 碳布、 碳 纸、 碳绳、 石墨毡、 石墨板等导电碳制品制成, 形状可以是带状、 片状、 柱状、 线状、 丝状等其他形状, 优选带状和柱状。 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳 米)、 lnm (纳米)-1000nm、 1 μ m (微米) -1000 μ m (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm
(毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、宽度、直径、限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13 经以上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
(C-4)、 金属燃料 24: 其为片状结构, 粉状结构、 柱状结构、 膏状结构, 形状 为矩形、 圆形、 多边形、 其他形状, 其厚度为大于 O.Olnm (纳米) 的任意值, 根据电池用途、 电池电容量的不同其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm
(纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫 米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ η -100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长 度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
这里对金属燃料 24的空间位置做一说明, 其空间位置见图 2、 图 3、 图 22、 图 23、 图 24、 图 25、 图 26、 图 27、 图 28、 图 29,
在图 2、 图 3中, 金属燃料 24位于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 中, 金属燃料 24左右边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的两个膜 袋边缘粘结部 32相邻, 相邻的意思是金属燃料 24左右边缘与膜、膜袋、生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的两个膜袋边缘粘结部 32可以是接触的, 也可以是不接 触的, 之间有一定的距离, 在这个距离中, 填充有电解质 5、 负极电解液 8。 在 这里将上述的金属燃料 24左右边缘称为金属燃料 24 "左边", "右边"。
金属燃料 24下边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的底部相邻, 相 邻的意思是金属燃料 24下边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的底 部可以是接触的, 也可以是不接触的, 不接触的话则之间有一定的距离, 在这个 距离中, 填充有电解质 5、 负极电解液 8。在这里将上述的金属燃料 24下边缘称 为金属燃料 24 "下边"。
金属燃料 24上边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的膜袋封口 装置 31相邻, 相邻的意思是金属燃料 24上边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3的膜袋封口装置 31可以是接触的, 也可以是不接触的, 不接触的话 则之间有一定的距离, 在这个距离中, 填充有电解质 5、 负极电解液 8。 在这里 将上述的金属燃料 24上边缘称为金属燃料 24 "上边"。
在图 2、 图 3中金属燃料 24与电解质 5相连接的部分称为金属燃料 24的 "面", 金属燃料 24与芯子 6相连接的部分也称为金属燃料 24的 "面"。
在图 22、 图 23中金属燃料 24与电解质 5相连接的部分称为金属燃料 24的 "面", 金属燃料 24与电解质 5相连接的部分也称为金属燃料 24的"面", 在这 种结构中金属燃料 24的量给面都与电解质 5相连接。 在这个实施例的电池中, 电池中央有一个金属负极 2, 电池的两边各有一个空气电极正极 1, 这样就是两 个空气电极正极 1共用一个金属负极 2。
在图 24、 图 25中金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 内部的一个面相邻, 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内 部的一个面相邻的部分称为金属燃料 24的 "面", 金属燃料 24与芯子 6相连接 的部分也称为金属燃料 24的 "面"。
相邻的意思是金属燃料 24上边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的一个面可以是接触的, 也可以是不接触的, 不接触的话则之间有一定的 距离, 在这个距离中, 填充有负极电解液 8。
在图 26、 图 27中金属燃料 24与电解质 5相连接的部分称为金属燃料 24的 "面", 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的一个面相 邻, 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的一个面相邻 的部分也称为金属燃料 24的 "面"。
相邻的意思是金属燃料 24上边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的一个面可以是接触的, 也可以是不接触的, 不接触的话则之间有一定的 距离, 在这个距离中, 填充有负极电解液 8。
在图 28、 图 29中金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 内部的一个面相邻, 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内 部的一个面相邻的部分称为金属燃料 24的 "面", 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生 物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的另一个面相邻, 金属燃料 24与膜、 膜袋、 生 物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 内部的另一个面相邻的部分也称为金属燃料 24 的 "面"。 相邻的意思是金属燃料 24上边缘与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内部的一个面可以是接触的, 也可以是不接触的, 不接触的话则之间有一定的 距离, 在这个距离中, 填充有负极电解液 8。
金属燃料 24可以与不同的结构方式与金属负极集流体 21连接,具体的连接 结构见关于金属负极集流体 21的介绍, 空金属燃料 24在与金属负极集流体 21 连接的同时, 也与电解质 5、 芯子 6、 电解液 8、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3紧密的结合。 这儿值得注意的是, 金属燃料 24与金属负极集流体 21 连接是在不影响金属燃料 24与电解质 5、 芯子 6、 电解液 8、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的紧密结合的。
金属燃料 24与电解质 5紧密的结合, 这种结合可以先将电解质涂抹在金属 燃料 24的 "面"上, 烘干后, 再通过辊压机的作用紧密的结合, 也可以通过其 他的方式实现。 金属燃料 24与电解质 5、 芯子 6、 电解液 8、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的紧密结合后, 负极电解液 8填充到他们之间的空隙中。
金属燃料 24是整个电池电容量的储存部分,金属燃料 24的有效重量和有效 体积是电池能量密度大小的关键。
对于金属燃料 24材料的选择,例如可选用金属锌 Zn、镁 Mg、铝 A1、铁 Fe、 铅 Pb、 钠 Na、 钾 、 钙 Ga等元素周期表中的金属元素, 还可以是以这些金属 中的一种、 两种、 多种制成的合金, 例如镁铝合金、 铅钙铁合金, 镁铝铁锗锰合 金等。 还可以是些金属中的一种、 两种、 多种制成与非金属元素制作成的合金, 碳锌合金、 碳铁锡合金、 硅铝镁钙合金等。
可选用上述这些金属、合金的板材、棒材、颗粒、粉末、泡沫、 多孔、 纤维、 丝、 纳米化的金属材料, 纳米化的合金材料等。
金属燃料 24根据材料的不同, 实际需求和条件的变化, 电池可以制作成为 块状的电池, 例如长方体的, 立方体的, 圆饼体的, 椭圆体的, 圆柱体的等其他 形状的电池,还可以制作成软体的半固态的电池,还可以制作成具有流动性的动 态电池。
(三)膜、 膜袋、 生物活性胰袋、 生物活性胰 3
(A)结构特点是由膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 等构成。 在图 30中膜、 膜袋、 生物活性 膜袋、生物活性膜 3呈袋状,其中有一个边缘是开口的,这个边缘称为膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的 "口部"或 "开口", 与 "口部"相对的一个边 缘是密封的, 这个边缘称为膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的 "底部", 另外两个边缘也是密封的, 这两个边缘称为膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3的 "左侧部"和 "右侧部"。
膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的内部装有金属负极 2各部分金属 负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23, 以及电解质 5、 芯子 6、 负极电解液 8, 也就是电池的负极材料装在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3中, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外部的一个面与虹吸膜去 高温防冻材料 4相接触, 另一个面与防震缓冲层 7相接触, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性 膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外部的两个面可以同时与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4相接触, 之中结构见图 22、 图 23。
隔膜 33、 隔片 34根据实际需求和条件的变化, 以一定的尺寸、 厚度、 以及 不同制膜材料和形状制成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3可以是单层膜袋、 可以是双层膜袋、可以是多层膜 袋、 可以是单层膜、 可以是双层膜、 可以是多层膜。
对于上述的厚度, 意思是根据不同的需求和条件而变化的, 例如珍珠电池、纽扣 电池等微型电池、 手机电池、 摩托车等中性电池, 汽车用电池、 运输工具等大型 电池、 发电站用电池等超大型电池, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的厚度也是不同的。
对于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3根据实际需求和条件的变化, 可选用不同的材料、 性质、 结构的膜。 例如可选用聚乙烯膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤 维隔膜, PVC 隔膜等材料的膜, 例如还可以选用有机膜、 无机膜、 纤维膜等性 质的膜。例如还可以选生物活性膜、生物选择性膜、细菌微生物生物膜等生物膜。
(B ) 运行特点是将电池正负极空气电极正极 1金属负极 2分开, 不直接接触, 维持金属负极 2周围的电解质电解液环境的稳定。
不会使正极一侧的水分等分子性的物质进入到膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生 物活性膜 3中, 也不会使膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内的分子性的 物质溢出、漏出, 而离子则可以自由的通过, 避免造成金属负极 2遭到腐蚀和加 速电池的自放电。
(C)各组成§|^结构特技术特点
(C-1)胰袋封口親 31
呈夹子状、 卡子状、 胶状、 双面胶样, 为膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活 性膜 3的附属装置, 在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内的安装好金属 负极 2各部分金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23, 以 及电解质 5、 芯子 6、 负极电解液 8后, 就用膜袋封口装置 31将膜、 膜袋、 生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的开口部密封, 露出用于导电的金属负极极耳 22, 金 属负极极耳 22与膜袋封口装置 31之间也是密封的, 用膜袋封口装置 31将膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的开口部密封后,膜袋内的物质除了电流外, 其他的物质都不会在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的开口部进出。
电池是一次性的, 膜袋封口装置 31选用密封胶直接将膜、 膜袋、 生物活性 膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的开口部进行密封, 可选用密封胶材料: 环氧树脂、 不饱和 聚酯树脂、 酚醛树脂、 聚丙烯酸树酯、 聚氯乙烯树脂等。 还可以用热熔的方法进 行密封。
电池是多次使用的, 膜袋封口装置 31是一种夹子、 卡子、 双面胶样, 这样 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内的负极材料放电完成后, 就可以打开 膜袋封口装置 31, 取出膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 内的负极生成 物, 更换新的负极继续使用。
(C-2)„ 粘结部 32 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3是将两片或两片以上的隔膜 33的 "底部 " "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封, 制作成袋状。膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3亦可以是将至少一片隔膜 33, 至少一片隔片 34, 在隔膜 33、 隔片 34 的 "底部 " "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封, 制作成袋状。 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封的部位称之为膜袋 边缘粘结部 32、
对隔膜 33的 "底部 " "左侧部" "右侧部"可以用密封胶、 胶水等进行密封、 也可以用热熔、 热压、 冷压的方法进行密封、 还可以是直接在生产隔膜 33时, 做成袋状, 这样膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的 "底部 " "左侧部" "右侧部"称之为膜袋边缘粘结部 32。
同样的隔膜 33、 隔片 34的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封时, 亦可 以使用密封胶、 胶水等进行密封、 可以用热熔、 热压、 冷压的方法进行密封、 还 可以是直接在生产隔膜 33、 隔片 34时, 直接做成袋状, 这样膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"称之为膜袋边缘粘结部 32。
(C-3) 隔膜 33
呈片状, 袋状, 可以是矩形、 圆形、 多边形、 三角形等其他形状, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也 可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫 米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
隔膜 33为多孔结构, 电池中的负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9中的离子可以 在隔膜 33上自由通过, 隔膜 33是构成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的主要材料。
两片或两片以上的隔膜 33的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封。
制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构。 将至少一片隔 膜 33, 至少一片隔片 34, 在隔膜 33、 隔片 34的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部" 进行密封, 制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构。
隔膜 33可以根据膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的实际需求和条件的 变化, 其尺寸、 厚度、 以及制膜材料和形状也是不同的。
对于隔膜 33根据实际需求和条件的变化, 可选用不同的材料、 性质、 结构 的膜。 例如可选用聚乙烯膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤维隔膜, PVC隔膜等材料的膜, 例如还可以选用有机膜、无机膜、纤维膜等性质的膜。例如还可以选生物活性膜、 生物选择性膜、 细菌微生物生物膜等生物膜。
隔膜 33可选用: 聚乙烯膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤维隔膜, PVC隔膜等材料的 膜。 在图 31、 图 32中就是由两片隔膜 33的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行 密封制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构。 这种膜袋称之 为单层膜袋。
在图 36、 图 37中就是由四片隔膜 33的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行 密封制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构, 这种膜袋称之 为双层膜袋。
在图 45、 图 46中就是由六片隔膜 33的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行 密封制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构, 这种膜袋称之 为三层膜袋或者多层膜袋。
(C-4) 隔片 34
呈片状, 袋状, 可以是矩形、 圆形、 多边形、 三角形等其他形状, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也 可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫 米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3内外的物质都不会通过隔片 34进 出, 隔片 34是构成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的材料, 将至少一 片隔膜 33, 至少一片隔片 34, 在隔膜 33、 隔片 34的 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧 部"进行密封, 制作成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的基本结构。
隔片 34可以根据膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的实际需求和条 件的变化, 其尺寸、 厚度、 以及制膜材料和形状也是不同的。
隔片 34可选用:例如四氟聚乙烯、聚乙烯, 聚丙烯, PVC、聚氯乙烯、 ABS、 等材料。
在图 47、 图 48中就是由一片隔膜 33和一片隔片 34, 将 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封制作成膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的基本结构。 这种膜袋称之为单层单面膜袋。
在图 36、 图 37中就是由两片隔膜 33和一片隔片 34, 将 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封制作成膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的基本结构, 这种膜袋称之为双层单面膜袋。
在图 45、 图 46中就是由两片隔膜 33和一片隔片 34, 将 "底部" "左侧部" "右侧部"进行密封制作成膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的基本结构, 这种膜袋称之为三层单面膜袋或者多层单面膜袋。
(C-5)涂膜镀膜涂物 35
为一些疏水性、 憎水性材料组成: 例如聚四氟乙烯、 聚乙烯、 石蜡、 脂类酯 类、 植物油、 动物油、 油类、 煤油、 柴油、 汽油、 植物油、 动物油、 奶油、 黄油、 食用油等。 将可将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液 态的则不需要溶化, 然后有选择性的喷涂到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液 态的则不需要溶化, 然后有选择性的熏蒸到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用离子镀的方法有选择性的镀到膜、膜袋、生物活性 膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用真空离子镀的方法有选择性的镀到膜、膜袋、生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化,然后用高压离子喷涂镀膜的方法有选择性的镀到膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用高温高压离子喷涂镀膜的方法有选择性的镀到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用机械刷涂的方法有选择性的刷到膜、膜袋、生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用人工刷涂的方法有选择性的刷到膜、膜袋、生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用浸泡的方法有选择性的浸泡到膜、膜袋、生物活性 膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用合成的方法有选择性的合成到膜、膜袋、生物活性 膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
还可以用其他方法例如沉积法等将其中一种、 两种或者多种涂膜镀膜涂物 35 以一定的温度溶化后, 液态的则不需要溶化, 然后用其他方法有选择性的制 做到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33的相应的部位上。
最重要的是利用上述所述的多种工艺技术方法中的一种不限于一种,将涂膜 镀膜涂物 35与隔膜 33结合到一起,形成不可分割、浑然一体的当前世界唯一的、 创新的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的 (混合) 新结构、 新材料。
该膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的 (混合)新结构、 新材料是专 门针对当前金属燃料电池研发中所遇到的多项世界性难题的有效解决方案。 用上述的各种工艺技术方法涂到、度到、熏到、刷到、合成到镀到膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33上物质, 称之为涂膜镀膜涂物 35。
对于涂膜镀膜涂物 35还可以是一些与隔膜 33容易亲和、容易浸入的材料等。 可以用上述的多种工艺技术方法选择性的将涂膜镀膜涂物 35制作到膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33上。
最重要的是利用上述的多种工艺技术方法将涂膜镀膜涂物 35与隔膜 33结合 到一起, 形成不可分割、 浑然一体的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 上的辅助结构及辅助材料。
在图 33中, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了单层膜袋外面, 称之为外涂层。 在图 34中, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了单层膜袋里面, 称之为内涂层。 在图 35中,单层膜袋外面和里面都涂上了涂膜镀膜涂物 35,称之为外涂层。 在图 33、 图 34、 图 35中, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35看起来黏在隔膜 33上, 但实际上涂 膜镀膜涂物 35浸入到隔膜 33中, 浸入到隔膜 33膜孔中。
在图 38中, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了双层膜袋两层隔膜 33的中间。
在图 41中,将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了双层膜袋两层中间,双层膜袋的里面, 双层膜袋的外面。
在图 42中,将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了双层膜袋两层中间,双层膜袋的里面。 在图 43中,将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了双层膜袋两层中间和双层膜袋的外面。
(C-6)涂胰镀膜涂物乙 36
涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36和涂膜镀膜涂物 35是相同结构,设置不同的编号是为了 表示, 在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33上涂了一层隔膜涂 层, 还可以再涂一层、 两层、 多层。 涂的隔层材料可以是同一个, 也可以是不同 的材料。 可以在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的隔膜 33上不同的面 上涂不同材料的隔膜涂层。
在图 39中, 在双层膜袋两层隔膜 33的中间涂了一层涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 后 又涂了一层涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36。
在图 40中, 在双层膜袋两层隔膜 33的中间靠膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3里面的隔膜 33上涂了一层涂膜镀膜涂物 35,在双层膜袋两层隔膜 33 的中间靠膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外面的隔膜 33涂了一层涂膜 镀膜涂物乙 36。
在图 44中, 在双层膜袋两层隔膜 33的中间涂了一层涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 后 又涂了一层涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂到了双层膜袋里面和双层 膜袋的外面。
(四)虹吸膜去髙温防冻材料 4
(A)结构特点 由虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42等构成。 呈片状、 带状、 为矩形、 条 形、多边形、 圆形、椭圆形、三角形、多边形等其他形状, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳 米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm
(毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 Ι μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -ΙΟΟΟ μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm
(毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
其横截面的形状可以是规则的矩形, 例如图 13、 图 53。
其横截面的形状可以是波浪形, 形状同石棉瓦、 彩钢瓦的形状, 例如图 54、 图 55, 这种形状的虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4可以增加膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与空气电极正极 1之间的间接接触面积。
在图 54、 图 55中, 由于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4呈石棉瓦, 这样与其接触 的空气电极正极 1上的空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 空气电极 催化剂涂层 17都会变得弯曲呈波浪状。这样就增加了空气电极正极 1的表面积。 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与电解质 7也变得弯曲呈波浪状, 这样 就增加了膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3和电解质 7的表面积。
将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41放入到装有正极电解 液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。
虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的厚度、大小和形状也是可以根据实际需求和条件 的变化决定。这种结构的好处是,即保持了正极电解液 9液态的性质,又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省正极电解液 9的使用量, 降 低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池的体积和重量。
根据实际需求和条件的变化决定来变化虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的厚度、尺 寸和形状, 从而达到调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度, 并控制调节电流 量的稳定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底 解决了电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温 的方式完善了运行状态。
其横截面的形状可以是半波浪形, 横截面一侧为波浪形, 另一侧是平直的, 例如图 56, 图 57、 图 58, 图 59。 这种形状的虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4也可以增 加膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3与空气电极正极 1之间的间接接触面 积。
在图 56、 图 57中, 由于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4呈半波浪形, 这样与其为 波浪形一侧接触的空气电极正极 1上的空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载 体 15、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17都会变得弯曲呈波浪状。 这样就增加了空气电极 正极 1的表面积。
在图 58、 图 59中, 由于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4呈半波浪形, 这样与其为 波浪形一侧接触的膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3与电解质 7都会变得 弯曲呈波浪状。 这样就增加了膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与电解质 7的表面积。
(B)运行特点: 将正极电解液储存室 91 中的正极电解液 9被虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 4利用毛细的作用吸附到膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3与空气 电极正极 1之间, 为电池的正负极提供离子通路, 为电池负极提供离子运行的电 解质。 这样也减轻了膜袋直接浸泡在正极电解液 9中形成的液体压力。
根据实际需求和条件的变化决定来变化虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的厚度、尺 寸和形状, 从而达到调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度, 并控制调节电流 量的稳定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底 解决了电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温 的方式完善了运行状态。
(C)各组成部分结构特技术特点
虹吸膜虹吸液端 41, 虹吸膜离子端 42
虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分在正极电解液储存室 91中, 浸泡在正极 电解液储存室 91中的正极电解液 9中, 这部分称为虹吸膜虹吸液端 41。 一部分 夹在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与空气电极正极 1之间, 这部分称 为虹吸膜离子端 42。
虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4可以是: 具有吸附能力、 毛细结构的材料: 例如: 聚乙烯膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤维隔膜, PVC 隔膜等材料的膜。 泡沫纳米碳、 脱 脂棉、 亚麻等。
另外:虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4可以代替空气电极正极 1上的空气电极载体 15, 见图 60、 图 61、 图 62、 图 63、 图 64、 图 65。 这样就需要将催化剂 16用化 学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法等、沉淀法、 电解法、 水热法、归一法、微波法、归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、硝酸锰分解法、 离子镀膜法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高 温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂法、人工喷涂法等方法技术工艺生成到虹 吸膜去高温防冻材料 4中,虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4也是具有多孔的吸附性材料, 同时还需要将导电剂也生成到虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4中,这样就可以代替空气 电极正极 1上的空气电极载体 15, 可以用喷涂的方法、 离子镀膜的方法, 也可 以将导电剂、 催化剂 16、 粘结剂混合后涂在虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上, 也可 用其他的办法制作, 这样既可以降低电池的成本还可以使电池的结构更加简单。 将这种代替空气电极载体 15的结构称之为空气电极虹吸催化导电集成
在图 63中: 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 导电剂、 催化剂 16与空气电极正极 进气装置 14构成了空气电极正极 1。
在图 64中: 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 导电剂、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化 剂涂层 17。
与空气电极正极进气装置 14构成了空气电极正极 1, 空气电极催化剂涂层 17位于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与空气电极正极进气装置 14之间, 并三者之间 相互紧密结合。 在图 65中: 空气电极催化剂涂层 17、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 导电剂、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17与空气电极正极进气装置 14构成了空气电 极正极 1, 空气电极催化剂涂层 17位于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的两面, 虹吸 膜去高温防冻材料 4与空气电极正极进气装置 14之间也有空气电极催化剂涂层 17, 并三者之间相互紧密结合。
对于空气电极正极集流体 11多选用网状结构、 纤维状结果的材料, 用于将 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 导电剂、 催化剂 16组成的空气电极虹吸催化导电集 成上的电流导出。
需要注意的是: 将导电剂、催化剂 16制作到虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上时, 一般选择至制作虹吸膜离子端 42上, 而不是整个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4。 但 也可以是整个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4。 优选将导电剂、 催化剂 16制作到虹吸 膜离子端 42上。
(五) 电解质 5
(A)结构特点: 可以是固体电解质, 也可以是聚合物电解质, 也可以是半固态 电解质
固体电解质可选用例如 β-Α1203, 二氧化锆、 陶瓷材料等。
聚合物电解质: 可以用例如聚氧化乙烯系、 聚偏氟乙烯系、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲 酯系、 聚丙烯腈系的聚合物电解质。
半固态电解质可以使用低聚糖、高聚糖、脂类、油类、酯类、在有机溶剂中, 碳材料, 磁性材料, 在碱性环境下反应制成.。
也可以使用低聚糖、高聚糖、脂类、油类、酯类、在有机溶剂中, 磁性材料, 在碱性环境下反应制成。
也可以使用低聚糖、 高聚糖、 脂类、 油类、 酯类、 在有机溶剂中, 导电剂, 磁性材料, 在碱性环境下反应制成。
低聚糖例如:麦芽低聚糖葡萄糖、低聚糖葡萄糖、糊精、龙胆二糖葡萄糖等。 高聚糖例如:淀粉、 糖元、 纤维素、 琼脂、 壳多糖等。
脂类例如: 甘油三酯、 磷脂、 蜡、 萜类等。
油类: 植物油、 动物油例如:、 豆油、 芝麻油、 花生油、 羊油、 牛油、 鱼油、 黄油、 鸡油、 煤油、 汽油、 柴油等。
酯类例如: 甲酸甲酯、 乙酸乙酯、 硝酸酯、 硬脂酸钠等。
有机溶剂例如: 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯、 甲醇、 乙醇等。
碳材料如: 活性炭、 石墨等。
磁性材料例如: FeCr(Co)、 FeCrMo、 FeAlC、 磁石等。
碱例如: 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂、 碳酸氢钠、 碳酸氢钾等。 导电剂例如: 石墨 (ks-6), 炭黑 (KB), 乙炔黑 (AB), 金属纤维, 金属粉, 气相生长碳纤维 (VGCF), 碳纳米管 CNTs等。
例如可以以以下配方比例制作电解质 5 :
糊精: 甲醇: 磁石: 黄油: 氢氧化钠 =X:Y:Z:W:U .....等。 X为大于 0的正数,
Y为大于 0的正数, Z为大于 0的正数, W为大于 0的正数, U为大于 0的正数。
电解质配方及比例
Figure imgf000044_0001
Figure imgf000044_0002
Figure imgf000044_0003
Figure imgf000044_0004
位于膜袋中, 与金属燃料 24紧密结合, 与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3的内部紧密结合, 也可以位于膜袋外, 与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3的外部紧密结合, 与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的紧密结合。
(B)运行特点为电池的正负极提供离子通路, 为电池负极提供离子运行的电解 质。
在有些电池结构中可以没有电解质 5, 例如图 28、 图 29中。 (六)芯子 6:
呈片状, 形状同金属燃料 24, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫 米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ η -100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长 度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 μ ηι (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
具有吸附性, 可选用具有吸附能力材料: 例如聚乙烯膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤 维隔膜, PVC隔膜等材料的膜。 泡沫纳米碳、 脱脂棉、 亚麻等。 位于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 内, 吸附有负极电解液 8, 一面与金属燃料 24紧 密结合, 另一面与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的内部紧密结合, 为负极储存和吸附负极电解液,保持电池的负极与电解质的紧密连接。还可以起 到缓冲作用, 在电池发生碰撞、 震动后, 保持电池内部各组成部分的紧密结合。 同时负极电解液 8主要以满足储备需求渗入到芯子 6中,储备的量可以根据实际 要求决定, 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了负极电解液 8液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和电解质 5很好相融合连接, 同时又和电解质 5保持 基本的界限。
在有些电池结构中可以没有芯子 6, 例如图 22、 图 23、 图 26、 图 27、 图 28、 图 29中。
(七)防震缓冲层 7:
呈片状, 形状同膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 m (微米) -1000 rn (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、大于 lm (米)范围内的任意值,也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -ΙΟΟΟ μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
具有一定的柔软性, 弹性, 例如: 可选用橡胶、 海绵、 减震橡胶、 泡沫板、 弹簧等。 位于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与电池外壳及支撑固定装 置 10之间, 防震缓冲层 7保持电池各组成部分的紧密连接。 电池在发生震动碰 撞时, 保持电池内部各组成部分的紧密结合, 防止突然断电或电流发生变化。 在有些电池结构中可以防震缓冲层 7, 例如图 22、 图 23中。
(八)负极电解液 8:
为电池的正负极提供离子通路,为电池负极提供离子运行的电解液。位于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 中, 部分储存在芯子 6 中。 不与负极燃料 24发生任何化学反应, 同时也能保护负极燃料 24不受其他物质材料的腐蚀。 尤 其是在电池防治的过程中这一点是很重要的。 在有些电池结构中负极电解液 8 也可以不需要,例如负极燃料周围是离子态的固体电解质时,这样可以不用电解 液 8, 也可以相应的使用电解液 8。 都要根据电池实际需求和条件的变化来决定 和设计。 例如以金属铝为例: 负极电解液 8可以是: 甲醇氢氧化钠溶液、 甲醇氢氧化 钾溶液、 甲醇氢氧化锂溶液、 乙醇氢氧化钠溶液、 乙醇氢氧化钾溶液、 乙醇氢氧 化锂溶液等。
例如图表中的电解液浓度:
Figure imgf000046_0001
所述这些电解液配方与金属燃料 24、 芯子 6、 电解质 5的结合, 是我公司的 独家发明创新, 也可以没有芯子 6, 但有芯子 6更好更理想, 也可以没有电解质 5, 但有电解质 5更好更理想。
负极电解液 8可以是碱性电解液、负极电解液 8可以是酸性电解液、负极电 解液 8可以是中性电解液、 负极电解液 8可以是有机电解液等其他电解液。
碱性电解液: 例如可以用氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂、 碳酸氢钠、 氢氧 化钙、 氢氧化铝, 氢氧化锌、 甲醇钠、 甲醇钾等无机强碱、 弱碱有机碱。 与有机 溶剂:乙醇、甲醇、乙腈、二甲基亚砜、碳酸酯等配制成一定浓度的负极电解液 8。 酸性电解液: 例如可以用甲酸、 乙酸等一些有机、 无机弱酸与有机溶剂:乙 醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯等配制成一定浓度的负极电解液 8。
中性电解液: 例如可以用氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾、 碘化钾等 一些盐与有机溶剂:乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯等配制成一定浓度 的负极电解液 8。
也可以用金属卤化物与季铵盐配制成一定浓度的负极电解液 8、 金属卤化 物: 例如由氯化铝、 氯化铁、 氯化锌、 氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化 钾、 碘化钾等。
对于负极电解液 8 的选择都要根据电池实际需求和条件的变化来决定和设 计。
(九)正极电解液 9
为电池的正负极提供离子通路, 为电池正极提供离子运行的电解液。主要位 于正极电解液储存室 91和虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4中。
正极电解液 9可以是碱性电解液、正极电解液 9可以是酸性电解液、正极电 解液 9可以是中性电解液、 正极电解液 9可以是有机电解液。
碱性电解液可以用:例如可以用氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸氢钠、 氢氧化钙、 氢氧化铝, 甲醇钠、 甲醇钾等无机强碱、 弱碱有机碱。 与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、碳酸酯等, 水配制成一定浓度的正极电解液 9。
酸性电解液: 例如可以用甲酸、 乙酸等一些有机、 无机弱酸与有机溶剂:乙 醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯等, 水配制成一定浓度的正极电解液 9。
中性电解液: 例如可以用氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾、 碘化 钾等一些盐与有机溶剂:乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯等, 水配制成 一定浓度的正极电解液 9。
也可以用氯化铝与季铵盐配制成一定浓度的正极电解液 9。
对于正极电解液 9 的选择都要根据电池实际需求和条件的变化来决定和设 计。
上述的这些正极电解液 9 在现有的空气金属燃料电池虽然仅在空气锌电池 有所应使用, 例如微小功率的一次性的金属空气锌电池。
尤其是实验中的对大功率的串并联空气金属燃料电池的使用仍然避免不了 电池自放电、 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃等世界性难题的产生。
而我们将以上所述这些正极电解液 9与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的结合,有 效地解决了上述无法避免的, 使用中产生的世界性难题。
将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液 9相结合的创新结构,即保持了正 极电解液 9液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电 极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地 减少和节省正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池的体积和重量。
更重要的是有效的控制和调节正极电解液 9的供给数量,并同时控制和调节 了电池的运行温度, 及控制调节电流量的稳定, 在和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了电池温度过高、膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保 证了电池在高低温环境的状态下, 以常温的方式完善了运行状态。
正极电解液储存室 91:用于储存正极电解液 9, 为一中空的腔体, 形状为长 方体, 正方体圆柱体, 球体等其他形状, 有至少两个开口, 其中一个为虹吸膜虹 吸液端 41进入的开口, 用于吸附正极电解液 9, 然后将电解液吸附到虹吸膜离 子端 42, 一个为正极电解液 9补充开口。
正极电解液储存室 91可以是和电池连接在一体的, 这样可以和电池其他组 成部分共用电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 也可以是和电池分开的。 也可以是两 个、 两个以上的电池共用一个正极电解液储存室 91。
为了防止正极电解液 9从正极电解液储存室 91的两个开口中漏出, 可以在 正极电解液储存室 91填充一些具有吸附性的材料, 将正极电解液 9固化到吸附 性的材料上, 可以选用: 海绵、 脱脂棉、 泡沫碳纳米材料, 玻璃纤维等 所用的材料是: 例如: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金属等 正极电解液隔离装置 92: 正极电解液储存室 91上有一个为是为了让虹吸膜 虹吸端 41进处入的, 为了防止电解液从这个开口处和虹吸膜虹吸端 41处漏出, 设置有正极电解液隔离装置 92, 正极电解液隔离装置 92不会影响虹吸膜虹吸端 41 的吸附能力, 为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶圈, 石墨 密封泥等。
正极电解液储存室出入通道 93: 为正极电解液储存室 91上的一个开口, 用 于补充正极电解液 9, 也可以将正极电解液 9从这里排出。 正极电解液储存室出 入通道 93上设置有开关, 补充正极电解液 9时, 可以打开, 补充完成后关闭。 正极电解液 9需要排出时,也是现将极电解液储存室出入通道 93上的开关打开, 完成后再关闭。
(十) 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10
将电池各部分组件紧密有效地连接结合起来,并保持电池各组成部分的环境 的稳定, 保证电池的稳定有效的放电。
可以用喷涂、焊接、粘结剂粘结、捆扎等方法将电池的各部分用电池外壳及支撑 固定装置 10进行固定、 成型。
电池装配安装的原则是在紧密粘贴结合的条件下, 越紧密、 空气越少, 对电 流量的稳定、大功率以及节省、 消耗的减少越有好处, 在全自动机械化及真空下 完成最为理想。
可以是能打开的, 便于更换金属负极 2, 便于维护电池, 也可以是一次性不 能够打开的。
可选用的材料: 例如: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金 属等。 (十一)空气金属燃料电池或电池组的外壳及通风装置
A:无外壳的单电池或串并联的电池组, 在自然状态下的进出气装置:
可应用到家庭房间内的供电, 小区、 电站厂房内, 大型电站厂房内。
可将一块不限于一块的单电池 102通过串并联的方式组合成电池组,然后放 置到家庭房间内, 小区厂房内、 电站厂房内, 大型电站厂房内。
详见图 91描述的是:六组单电池 102通过串联组成电池组,安装在厂房 105 内.厂房 105的窗户、 进气口以及门上都设置有进出气装置 101, 进出气装置 101 为空气过滤装置, 进出气装置 101为: 例如空气滤芯器、 空气净化器等装置、 空 气过滤膜等。可以过滤空气中的杂质、灰尘等固体性的物质,阻止空气中的杂质、 灰尘等固体性的物质进入到厂房 105内,而厂房 105内外的空气则可以自由通过 进出气装置 101进出。空气的自由进出就可以为厂房 105内的电池组中单电池的 正常运行提供充足的氧气。
B: 有外壳的单电池或串并联的电池组
根据实际需求和条件的变化来有效通过外壳上的进出气装置 101 来控制并 关闭和开启二氧化碳进出通道的单电池或串并联方式工作的大功率电池组,关闭 和开启二氧化碳进出通道的主要目的是: 电池工作时, 在自然空气状态下, 允许 二氧化碳在电池或电池组的外壳的进出气装置 101上自由进出。此时, 即少量的 二氧化碳对工作中的电池或电池组影响甚微,但在长期放置不工作时, 如果二氧 化碳在电池或电池组的外壳的进出气装置 101上自由进出,这样二氧化碳长时间 的与电池正极电解液相接触会造成电解液的损害, 如固化、 中和、 碳酸化等。 因 此我们可以通过关闭和开启二氧化碳进出通道来解决这个问题,也就是在电池工 作时, 允许二氧化碳在电池或电池组外壳的进出气装置 101上自由进出。在电池 长期放置不工作时, 则完全关闭电池或电池组的外壳的进出气装置 101, 这样就 会有效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害(如固化、 中和、碳酸 化等)。
该技术可应用于: 电动汽车、 路灯供电、 照相机、 摄像机、 个人桌上照明、 台灯、 手机充电装置、 海上灯塔、 夜间指示灯等。
该技术不适合用于长期工作而不停机的单电池或并串联的大功率电池组堆。 此电池或电池组所述的进出口, 进口即出口, 出口即进口, 是一口两用, 无进出 口明显区别。
详见图 84、 图 85、 图 89、 图 86所描述的是由三块单电池 102构成的电池 组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103的 "前"面和 "后"面各设置有一个可 以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101
所述的可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自动开启、自动关闭的进出气装置 101由三部分构成, 过滤装置 1011、 开关装置 1012、 开关控制装置 1013, 对于 这三部分的运行为: (1 ) 电池工作时, 在开关控制装置 1013的控制和作用下, 开关装置 1012被开启, 外界的空气先经过过滤装置 1011的过滤, 然后再经过开 启的开关装置 1012进入到外壳 103内的电池或电池组中。 同时外壳 103内的空 气通过开启的开关装置 1012, 然后再经过过滤装置 1011进入到外界空气中。 (2)在电池长期放置不工作时: 在开关控制装置 1013的控制和作用下, 开 关装置 1012被关闭, 外界的空气则不能进入到外壳 103内的电池或电池组中。 外壳 103内的空气也不能进入到外界空气中。
这样一方面空气的自由进出就可以为电池组中单电池的正常运行提供充足 的氧气, 另一方面就会有效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害 (如固化、 中和、 碳酸化等)。
其中过滤装置 1011为一种空气过滤装置, 可以过滤空气中的杂质、 灰尘等 固体性的物质, 阻止空气中的杂质、 灰尘等固体性的物质进入到电池组中, 开关装置 1012为进出气装置 101上的可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自动开 启、 自动关闭的通道,开关装置 1012的开启和关闭是在开关控制装置 1013的控 制和作用下完成的,
控制装置 1013为开关装置 1012的控制和动力装置,是根据实际需求和条件 的变化而来控制开关装置 1012的开启和关闭的。控制装置 1013的动力来源于单 电池或电池组自身的电力, 也可以来源于外界的电力,还可以是手动的。
图 84 为空气金属燃料电池电池组的前视图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "前" "左", "右", "上,,, "下"。
在图 84中电池组的 "前"面设置有一个可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而 自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101。
图 84中, 外壳 103的 "上"面是可以打开的便于单电池安装到外壳 103中。 图 85 为空气金属燃料电池电池组的后视图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "后 " "左", "右", "上,,, "下"。
在图 85中电池组的 "后"面设置有一个可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而 自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101。
图 89为图 84、 图 85在 A-A方向上的截面图,在该图上标有电池组的方位, "前" "后 " "左", "右", 在图 89中电池组的 "前"面设置有一个可以根据实际 需求和条件的变化而自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101。
电池组的"后"面也设置有一个可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101, 电池组由三块单电池组成, 图上为三块单电池, 实 际中根据实际需求和条件的变化可以不限于三块单电池,
图 86为图 89在 B-B方向上的截面图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "上" "下 " "左", "右", 在图 86中电池组由三块单电池通过并联的方式组成, 三块 单电池固定在电池组外壳的内底面上。 图上为三块单电池, 实际中根据实际需求 和条件的变化可以不限于三块单电池。
图 87、 图 89、 图 90、 图 86所描述的是: 由三块单电池 102通过并联构成 的电池组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103的 "前"面和 "后"面各设置有 三个可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自动开启、 自动关闭的进出气装置 101。
C:有外壳的可有效阻止并调控二氧化谈进出的单电池或电池组 根据实际需求和条件的变化可在电池或电池组的外壳 103 上设置有进出气 装置 101, 进出气装置 101上设置有能够有效阻止二氧化碳通过的二氧化碳隔离 膜。二氧化碳隔离膜可以阻止空气中的二氧化碳通过进出气装置 101进入到外壳 103中, 而空气中的其他气体成分则不受限制, 可以自由的进出。 这样就可以有 效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害(如固化、中和、碳酸化等)。 尤其是用于长期工作而不停机的单电池或并串联的大功率电池组堆。例如通信数 据塔, 矿道照明, 隧道照明, 手机电池, 平板电脑, 笔记本电脑, 野外随身电源, 野外广告牌等
在图 84、 图 85、 图 92、 图 86中所描述的是: 由三块单电池 102通过并联 构成的电池组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103的 "前"面和 "后"面各设 置有一个可以有效阻止二氧化碳自由通过的进出气装置 101, 所述的可以有效阻 止二氧化碳自由通过的进出气装置 101 由两部分构成, 过滤装置 1011、 二氧化 碳隔离膜 1014, 对于这两部分的运行为: (1 ) 电池工作时, 外界的空气先经过 过滤装置 1011的过滤后,在经过二氧化碳隔离膜 1014进入到外壳 103内的电池 或电池组中时, 空气中的二氧化碳被有效的阻止在外壳 103外, 而空气中的其他 气体则不受限制, 可以自由的进出到外壳 103中。 同时外壳 103内的空气通过二 氧化碳隔离膜 1014, 然后再经过过滤装置 1011进入到外界空气中。
(2) 在电池长期放置不工作时: 由于进出气装置 101上的二氧化碳隔离膜 1014的有效阻止, 外壳 103外的空气中的二氧化碳也不能进入到外壳 103中, 这样就会有效的彻底的解决了二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害(如固 化、 中和、 碳酸化等)。
过滤装置 1011放置二氧化碳隔离膜 1014的前面。
其中过滤装置 1011为一种空气过滤装置, 可以过滤空气中的杂质、 灰尘等 固体性的物质, 阻止空气中的杂质、 灰尘等固体性的物质进入到电池组中, 二氧化碳隔离膜 1014为一种选择性膜,可以有效地阻止空气中的二氧化碳通过, 而空气中的其他气体则不受限制, 可以自由的进出外壳 103。
图 84 为空气金属燃料电池电池组的前视图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "前" "左", "右", "上,,, "下"。
在图 84中电池组的 "前"面设置有一个可以有效阻止二氧化碳自由通过的 进出气装置 101。
图 85 为空气金属燃料电池电池组的后视图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "后 " "左", "右", "上,,, "下"。
在图 85中电池组的 "后"面同样也设置有一个可以有效阻止二氧化碳自由 通过的进出气装置 101。
图 92为图 84、 图 85在 A-A方向上的截面图,在该图上标有电池组的方位, "前" "后" "左", "右", 在图 92中电池组的 "前"面设置有一个可以有效阻止 二氧化碳自由通过的进出气装置 101。
电池组的 "后"面同样也设置有一个可以有效阻止二氧化碳自由通过的进出 气装置 101。 图 86为图 92在 B-B方向上的截面图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "上" "下 " "左", "右", 在图 86中电池组由三块单电池通过并联的方式组成, 三块 单电池固定在电池组外壳的内底面上。 图上为三块单电池, 实际中根据实际需求 和条件的变化可以不限于三块单电池。
图 87、 图 89、 图 93、 图 86所描述的是: 由三块单电池 102通过并联构成 的电池组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103的 "前"面和 "后"面各设置有 三个可以有效阻止二氧化碳自由通过的进出气装置 101.图上为三块单电池,实际 中根据实际需求和条件的变化可以不限于三块单电池。
D: 有外壳的伹没有进出气口的纯氧或固态氧作为正极材料的单电池或电池组。
根据实际需求和条件的变化, 可有效的控制并有效调配的纯氧, 如固态氧、 液态氧作为单电池或电池组的正极材料。
例如可在空气稀薄的地方、氧气缺少或没有氧气的地方可有效使用。例如大 气层、 或大气层外、 深海、 或者水下及亚太空等领域应用。 在有氧的正常的空气 环境中也可使用。
其中纯氧包括不限于: 液态氧、 固态氧、 气态氧、 气态压缩氧等。
图 94、 图 86描述的是一种正极材料为纯氧的金属燃料 (生物) 电池。 该电池或电池组分为三部分, 一部分为正极材料的储存部分, 一部分为发电 部分。 一部分为储存部分和发电部分的连接部分。
正极材料的储存部分由纯氧储存罐 106、 加气装置 1062、 供氧装置 1063、 纯氧 1061构成。
发电部分: 由外壳 103、 单电池 102、 供纯氧气装置 1016构成。
储存部分和发电部分的连接部分: 由调压开关装置 107构成。
在正极材料的储存部分中: 纯氧储存罐 106用于存储纯氧 1061, 纯氧 1061 通过加气装置 1062加入到纯氧储存罐 106中, 纯氧储存罐 106中的纯氧通过供 氧装置 1063供给发电部分, 作为发电部分的正极材料参与发电。
在发电部分中: 由 3组单电池通过串并联方式组成了电池组, 电池组安装在 外壳 103中, 外壳 103中设置有供纯氧气装置 1016, 供纯氧气装置 1016通过调 压开关装置 107与纯氧储存罐 106上的供氧装置 1063相连接,将纯氧储存罐 106 中的纯氧 1061输送到发电部分中。
调压开关装置 107将储存部分和发电部分连接起来,将储存部分的纯氧 1061 根据实际需求和条件的变化通过压力调节输送给发电部分,作为发电部分的正极 材料参与发电。
纯氧储存罐 106可以根据实际需求和条件的变化设置在相应的合适位置。纯 氧储存罐 106根据标准的条件下,其形状大小容积根据实际需求和条件的变化来 制作设计, 例如汽车和手机的纯氧储存罐 106的设计完全不同。
上述这三部分的运行过程: 1、 根据实际需求和条件的变化利用调压开关装置 107将外壳 3上的供纯氧 气装置 1016与纯氧储存罐 106上供氧装置 1063连接, 这时调压开关装置 107 处于完全关闭状态,
2、 然后根据实际需求和条件的变化将纯氧 1061通过加气装置 1062加入到 纯氧储存罐 106中。
3、 根据实际需求和条件的变化打开调压开关装置 107调节相应的压力氧气 通过外壳 3上的供纯氧气装置 1016供给单电池或电池组供应氧气, 作为发电部 分的正极材料参与发电。
图 86为图 94在 B-B方向上的截面图, 在该图上标有电池组的方位, "上" "下 " "左", "右", 在图 86中电池组由三块单电池通过并联的方式组成, 三块 单电池固定在电池组外壳的内底面上。 图上为三块单电池, 实际中根据实际需求 和条件的变化可以不限于三块单电池,
图 86中, 外壳 103的 "上"面是可以打开的便于单电池安装到外壳 103中。
E:有外壳的可以限制其他气体进入而仅容许氧气进入的氧气选择性过滤膜的单 电池或电池组堆的金属 生物电池
该电池在电池外壳外, 可设置纯氧进气口,在外壳内设置氧气使用状态测试 仪。
例如: 用于小区电站、 大型电站、 家庭电池组、 特殊大功率电力需求, 其他 工具等。
图 95中: 由三块单电池通过串并联方式组成了电池组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103上设置有纯氧进气口装置 1017和氧气使用状态测试仪 1018。
纯氧进气口装置 1017 为一种开关装置, 可以将纯氧通过纯氧进气口装置 1017加入到外壳 103中, 作为单电池的正极材料参与发电。
氧气使用状态测试仪 1018为氧气在外壳 103中的压力、 温度、 浓度等参数 的测试仪器, 用于检测外壳 103内氧气的动态状况。
图 96中: 由三块单电池通过串并联方式组成了电池组, 电池组安装在外壳 103中, 外壳 103上设置有进出气装置 101, 进出气装置 101可以限制其他气体 进入而仅容许氧气进入。
所述的可以有效限制其他气体进入而仅容许氧气进入的进出气装置 101 由 两部分构成, 过滤装置 1011、氧气选择性过滤膜 1019, 对于这两部分的运行为: 外界的空气先经过过滤装置 1011的过滤,在经过氧气选择性过滤膜 1019进入到 外壳 103内的电池或电池组中时, 氧气选择性过滤膜 1019可以有效限制其他气 体进入而仅容许氧气进入,作为电池或电池组的正极材料参与发电。 同时也有效 的解决了二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害(如固化、中和、碳酸化等)。
F、 有外壳的正负极集成分离金属燃料电池电池组。
具体结构见图 97, 在图 97中, 外壳 103侧面上设置有进出气装置 101, 底 面上设置有储存正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91, 正极电解液储存室 91位于外壳的底部, 同外壳制作到一块, 而且整个电池 组使用的是同一个正极电解液储存室 91, 正极电解液储存室 91上有多个开口, 每个开口至少对应一个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4, 在图 97中, 正极电解液储存 室 91上设置有 8个开口, 并且与 8个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4相对应。 正极电 解液 9通过正极电解液储存室出入通道 93加入、 排出。
(F-1)正极集成的基本结构:
将一组或多组空气电极正极 1和一个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹 吸膜离子端 42紧密的粘贴到一起并固定组成一块正极单元, 正极单元中的虹吸 膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41插入在正极电解液储存室 91 相应的开口中, 将正极电解液储存室 91中的电解液吸附到整个虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 4上, 并通过扩散将正极电解液 9供给空气电极正极 1。 在正极单元中的 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41插入在正极电解液储存室 91 中的同时, 将正极单元固定在外壳 103上, 可以用粘结剂粘结、 也可以用螺 丝固定、还可以是在外壳中设置卡槽直接将单电池固定在卡槽中, 等其他方法进 行固定。
将上述的一组或者多组正极单元根据实际需求和条件的变化以相应的次序、 排列组成了正极集成, 各正极单元之间留有相应的距离空间, 该距离空间有助于 空气、 纯氧的流通与扩散。 各正极单元的空气电极正极输出线路 13通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、喷涂、高压高温喷涂、镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的正极, 在图 97中, 正极集成是由 4块正极单元组成的。
(F-2)负极集成的基本结构- 将负极电解液 8、 芯子 6、 电解质 5与金属负极 2共同放在膜、 膜袋、 生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中、 或者夹在双膜袋中间, 电解质 5、 负极电解液 8与 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的内表面膜孔相粘贴结合, 金属负极 2 夹在芯子 6与电解质 5之间, 并紧密粘贴结合, 然后用膜袋封口装置 31将膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的开口密封。然后将一组或多组装有负极电 解液 8、 芯子 6、 电解质 5与金属负极 2的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3与一个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹吸膜离子端 42紧密的粘贴到 一起并固定组成一块负极单元。
负极单元中的虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41插入在 正极电解液储存室 91相应的开口中,将正极电解液储存室 91中的电解液吸附到 整个虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上, 将正极电解液 9运送至膜、膜袋、生物活性膜 袋、 生物活性膜 3的最外层表面上。
在负极单元中的虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41插入 在正极电解液储存室 91中的同时, 将负极单元固定在外壳 103上, 可以用粘结 剂粘结、也可以用螺丝固定、还可以是在外壳中设置卡槽直接将单电池固定在卡 槽中, 等其他方法进行固定。
将上述的一组或者多组负极单元根据实际需求和条件的变化以相应的次序、 排列组成了负极集成,各负极单元之间可紧密粘贴,也可以留有相应的距离空间, 该距离空间有助于负极热量的散出。 各负极单元的金属负极输出线路 23通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高 温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的负极。
在图 97中, 负极集成是由 4块负极单元组成的。
这样就由正极集成、 负极集成、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 外壳 103等构成了电池组。
在电池组中, 正极集成和负极集成上的离子通路通过, 正极集成和负极集成 上的虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91中的正极电解液 9相互连 通。
此结构的电池的优点是:根据实际需求和条件的变化负极燃料 24更换方便, 快速, 在更换负极燃料 24不会影响到空气电极正极 1。
综上 A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 F中的介绍, 纯氧作为正极材料的电池或电池组优 点: 功率强、 电流密度大、 电流稳定, 如果用在运载工具上, 还可减少电池体积 和重量。 由于目前本发明的金属燃料(生物) 电池是世界上唯一的, 相应电池的 附属结构也是唯一的独创发明,例如以上供气结构也会唯一的独创发明,尤其是 大功率的并串联电池组中的供气结构。
G: 特别说明
正极电解液 (防止蒸发) 的密封问题。
为了防止正极电解液 9从正极电解液储存室 91的开口中漏出, 可以在正极 电解液储存室 91填充一些具有吸附性的材料, 将正极电解液 9固化到吸附性的 材料上, 可以选用: 例如海绵、 脱脂棉、 泡沫碳纳米材料, 玻璃纤维等, 此项仅 以文字说明, 不涉及高端工艺技术。
为了防止电解液从正极电解液储存室 91 的开口处和虹吸膜虹吸端 41 处漏 出, 设置有正极电解液隔离装置 92, 正极电解液隔离装置 92不会影响虹吸膜虹 吸端 41的吸附能力, 为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶圈, 石墨密封泥等进行密封。 空气金属 电池的实施例- 实施例一:
图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 13, 图 68, 所涉及的是一种长方体的块状空气金属燃 料电池。 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn
(微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范 围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。其长度、 宽度为 O.OOlnm (纳 米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm
(毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值。
图 1为主视图, 图 2为图 1在 E-E上的截面图, 图 3为图 1在 B-C-D上的 截面图, 图 13为图 1在 A-A上的截面图, 图 68是实施例一的部件图示意图。 实施例一由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出 线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装 置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂 物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解 质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑 固定装置 10等构成。
其中空气电极正极 1上的催化剂 16; 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3上的膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂 物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36; 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹 吸膜离子端 42, 在图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 13, 图 68中没有标示, 在这里做一说 明, 并不是在实施例一种没有这些结构, 这些结构都是存在于实施例一上的。具 体的可见相应组件详细介绍, 见上文
实施例一上的各组成部分按照图 68和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。
(A)组雜备(工艺及技术)
(A-1)空气电极正极 1的 准备(工艺及技术)
将空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、周围用胶水、粘结剂等直接粘、挤压、 机械等方法固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,
将空气电极正极集流体 11用冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等的方法连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12 用焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到空气电极正 极集流体 11上, 将空气电极正极输出线路 13用焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压 高温喷涂、镀膜等方法连接到将空气电极正极极耳 12上。催化剂 16可以通过化 学沉积法, 气相沉积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空 离子镀膜法、 高温真空离子镀膜法、 高温高压离子镀膜法、 高温高压喷涂离子镀 膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电 极载体 15上。空气电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固 定装置 10上,然后将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化 剂的空气电极载体 15均匀黏贴、 紧密结合, 在均匀黏贴、 紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1准备工作完成。
空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13 经以上所述工艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。
( A-2)金属负极 2、膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3、 电解液 8、芯子 6、 电解质 5的组装准备(工艺及 ¾
将金属负极集流体 21用冲压、 镶嵌、 焊接、 印刷、 夹、 浇铸、 喷涂、 高压 高温喷涂、镀膜等的方法连接连接到金属燃料 24上、将金属负极极耳 22用焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到金属负极集流体 21上、 将金属负极输出线路 23焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法 连接到金属负极极耳 22上,
金属负极集流体 21、金属负极极耳 22、金属负极输出线路 23经以上所述工 艺技术和特殊工艺技术处理也可以是一个整体。 这样金属负极 2准备工作完成。
将隔膜 33、 隔片 34按照所需的尺寸、 厚度、 以及不同制膜材料和形状制成 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3可以是单层膜袋、 可以是双层膜袋、 可以是多层膜袋、 可以是单层膜、 可以 是双层膜、 可以是多层膜。
对于上述的厚度, 意思是根据不同的需求和条件而变化的, 例如珍珠电池、 纽扣电池等微型电池、 手机电池、 摩托车等中性电池, 汽车用电池、 运输工具等 大型电池、 发电站用电池等超大型电池, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的厚度也是不同的。
将涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36按照一定的方法涂到膜、 膜袋、 生 物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的相应的部位上, 单层膜袋可涂到膜袋的内表面、可 涂到外边面、 可内外表面都涂、 双层膜袋可涂到双层膜袋两层隔膜 33的中间; 可同时涂到双层膜袋两层中间, 双层膜袋的里面, 双层膜袋的外面; 可同时涂到 双层膜袋两层中间,双层膜袋的里面, 可同时涂到双层膜袋两层中间和双层膜袋 的外面, 是根据在实际应中不同的需求及条件的变化来选择决定的。 同时准备好 膜袋封口装置 31, 这样膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3准备工作完成。
将负极电解液 8、 芯子 6、 电解质 5与金属负极 2共同放在膜、 膜袋、 生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中、 或者夹在双膜袋中间, 电解质 5、 负极电解液 8与 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的内表面膜孔相粘贴结合, 金属负极 2 夹在芯子 6与电解质 5之间, 并紧密粘贴结合, 同时负极电解液 8主要以满足储 备需求渗入到芯子 6中, 储备的量可以根据实际要求决定, 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了负极电解液 8液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和电 解质 5很好相融合连接, 同时又和电解质 5保持基本的界限, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的密封最好在真空环境下(也可在自然环境下)用膜袋封 口装置 31将膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的开口密封。
(A-3)虹吸膜去髙温防冻材料 4、 正极电解液 9组装准备(工艺及技术)
将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41放入到装有正极电解 液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。
虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的厚度、大小和形状也是可以根据实际需求和条件 的变化决定。这种结构的好处是,即保持了正极电解液 9液态的性质,又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省正极电解液 9的使用量, 降 低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池的体积和重量。 根据实际需求和条件的变化决定来变化虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的厚度、尺 寸和形状, 从而达到调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度, 并控制调节电流 量的稳定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底 解决了电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温 的方式完善了运行状态。
将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液储存室出入通道 93加入到正极电解液储存 室 91中。待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储存室 91中后, 用正极 电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处 隔离密封。 主要是将正极电解液 9中的水隔离、 防止水渗透。
(B)空气金属燃料 (生物) 电池的
按照图 68和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求将准备完成的空气电极正极 1 与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜离子端 42紧贴结合; 虹吸膜去高温 防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜离子端 42又与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3紧贴结合; 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3又与防震缓冲层 7紧贴 结合, 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜离子端 42与空气电极正极 1和 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3紧贴结合的同时, 虹吸膜去高温防冻材 料 4的一部分虹吸膜虹吸端 41是已经浸泡在了正极电解液储存室 91中的正极电 解液 9中的。 然后用喷涂、 焊接、 粘结剂粘结、 捆扎等方法将电池的各部分用电 池外壳及支撑固定装置 10进行固定、 成型。
电池装配安装的原则是在紧密粘贴结合的条件下, 越紧密、 空气越少, 对电 流量的稳定、大功率以及节省、 消耗的减少越有好处, 在全自动机械化及真空下 完成最为理想(我们现在制作成功的是在全手工及手工工具条件下完成的,所以 在工艺技术上进一步提高和完善还有很大的余地,因而电池本身全方位的改善和 提高也也有很大的余地)。
(C)空气金属燃料(生物) 电池的运行:
(C-1)金属氢氧化物在电池负极形成: 负极电解液 8为碱性电解液。
按照上述的方法将电池组装完成后,正极电解液 9在虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4吸附下, 正极电解液 9被吸附到虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的整个虹吸膜离子端 42。 正极电解液 9被吸附到虹吸膜离子端 42的同时, 正极电解液 9也被吸附到 与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4相紧密接触的空气电极载体 15上, 这时电池的放电 前的准备程序完成。
这时将负载(负载是对电流进行宣誓, 例如测试仪器, 万用表、 电阻、灯泡、 电流使用的器具、 咖啡壶、 手机、 各种电器等)上的正负极分别连接到空气电极 正极输出线路 13和金属负极输出线路 23上(正极、负极的输出线路分别连接在 正极、 负极的极耳上, 正极、 负极的极耳分别于正极、 负极的集流体相连接, 正 极、 负极的集流体分别于正极、 负极相连接。), 正负极接通后, 即接通电源, 开 始放电, 正极空气中的氧气经过空气电极正极进气装置 14进入到空气电极载体 15上,氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16结合,在催化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氧离子, 氢氧根离子与正极电解液 9 中的水形成水合氢氧根离 子, 水合氢氧根离子在电池正负极电场的作用下, 穿过虹吸膜离子端 42到达膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的外膜表面, 由于膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35是憎水性疏水性物质, 因此水分子不能通过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到电解质 5 和负极电解液 8中, 而负极电解液 8与涂膜镀膜涂物 35是相同性质的材料 (即 均属于非极性物质), 可以相互亲和, 负极电解液 8装在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜 袋、生物活性膜 3中, 并附着在膜的内表面的膜孔中, 这时正极电解液 9中的水 合氢氧根离子将氢氧根离子传递给负极电解液 8, 这样氢氧根离子就穿过了膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 然后在 负极电解液 8和电解质 5中在电池正负极电场的作用下继续运动,一直到负极燃 料 24的表面, 与负极燃料 24表面上的金属离子相结合形成金属氢氧化物,在氢 氧根离子与金属离子相结合的同时, 负极燃料 24表面上的该金属离子释放出的 电子穿过负极燃料 24进入到金属负极集流体 21上, 金属负极集流体 21将汇集 的电子通过金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23传导到负载上, 然后经过负 载, 进入到空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极集 流体 11上、在空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极 集流体 11的传导下进入到空气电极载体 15上, 从而形成连续稳定的电流。
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上氢氧根离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题。
(C-2)金属 氧化物在电池正极形成, 金属氧化物在电池正极形成: 负极电解 液 8为中性电解液。 例如以铝金属为例, 负极电解液 8为氯化铝的有机溶液。 按照上述的方法将电池组装完成后,正极电解液 9在虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4吸附下, 正极电解液 9被吸附到虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的整个虹吸膜离子端 42。 正极电解液 9被吸附到虹吸膜离子端 42的同时, 正极电解液 9也被吸附到 与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4相紧密接触的空气电极载体 15上, 这时电池的放电 前的准备程序完成。
这时将负载(负载是对电流进行宣誓, 例如测试仪器, 万用表、 电阻、灯泡、 电流使用的器具、 咖啡壶、 手机、 各种电器等)上的正负极分别连接到空气电极 正极输出线路 13和金属负极输出线路 23上(正极、负极的输出线路分别连接在 正极、 负极的极耳上, 正极、 负极的极耳分别于正极、 负极的集流体相连接, 正 极、 负极的集流体分别于正极、 负极相连接。), 正负极接通后, 即接通电源, 开 始放电, 正极空气中的氧气经过空气电极正极进气装置 14进入到空气电极载体 15上, 氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16和正极电解液 9结合, 在催 化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氢氧根离子,
负极燃料 24表面上的金属离子在电池正负极电场的作用下, 金属离子进入 到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 并穿过电解液 8和电解质 5运动到膜、膜袋、生 物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜表面,这时与膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外膜表面上附着有正极电解液 9, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35是憎水性疏水性物质, 因此水分子不能通过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到电解质 5 和负极电解液 8中, 只能附着在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的外膜 表面, 这样运动到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜表面上 的金属离子在正负极电场力的作用下进入到正极电解液 9中, 并与正极电解液 9 中的水结合形成水合金属离子, 水合金属离子在向空气电极正极 1 运动的过程 中, 水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合形成金属氢氧化物, 在水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合的同时, 负极燃料 24 表面上的金属原子释放电子离解成金属离子进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中。 负极燃料 24表面上的金属原子释放出的电子穿过负极燃料 24进入到金属负极集 流体 21上, 金属负极集流体 21将汇集的电子通过金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极 输出线路 23传导到负载上, 然后经过负载, 进入到空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极集流体 11上、在空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极集流体 11的传导下进入到空气电极载体 15 上, 从而形成连续稳定的电流。
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上金属离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题。 实施例二:
本例中的空气金属燃料电由两个空气电极正极 1和一个金属负极 2以及其他 部件构成的双正极电池。 其结构如图 1、 图 22、 图 23、 图 69所示。
图 1为主视图, 图 22为图 1在 E-E上的截面图, 图 23为图 1在 A-A上的 截面图, 图 69是实施例二的部件图示意图。
本例由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化 剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、 负极 电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极 电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等构成。
其中空气电极正极 1上的催化剂 16; 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性 膜 3上的膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂 物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36; 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4上的虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹 吸膜离子端 42, 在图 1、 图 22、 图 23、 图 69中没有标示, 在这里做一说明, 并 不是在实施例二种没有这些结构,这些结构都是存在于实施例二上的, 具体的可 见相应组件详细介绍, 见上文。 下同。
实施例二上的各组成部分按照图 69和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。 电池的组装和运行与实施例 1基本相同。 实施例三:
图 1、 图 24、 图 25、 图 70, 所涉及的是一种长方体的块状无电解质型的空 气金属燃料电池。 图 1为主视图, 图 22为图 1在 E-E上的截面图, 图 25为图 1 在 A-A上的截面图, 图 70是实施例三的部件图示意图, 实施例三膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中没有装电解质 5, 实施例三由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出 线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装 置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂 物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电 解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 等构成。
实施例三上的各组成部分按照图 70和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。
在本例中, 将负极电解液 8、 芯子 6与金属负极 2共同放在膜、 膜袋、 生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中、 或者夹在双膜袋中间, 负极电解液 8与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的内表面膜孔相粘贴结合, 金属负极 2与芯子 6 紧密粘贴结合, 同时负极电解液 8主要以满足储备需求渗入到芯子 6中,储备的 量可以根据实际要求决定,这种结构的好处是, 即保持了负极电解液 8液态的性 质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的密封最好在真空环境下(也可在自然环境下)用膜袋封口装置 31将膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的开口密封。
在本例中,电池的组装和运行与实施例 1基本相同,但是由于不含电解质 5, 离子在负极单元中则是通过负极电解液来进行运转。
实脚四:
图 1、 图 26、 图 27、 图 71, 所涉及的是一种长方体的块状无芯子型空气金 属燃料电池。
实施例四膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中没有装芯子 6。
图 1为主视图, 图 26为图 1在 E-E上的截面图, 图 27为图 1在 A-A上的 截面图, 图 71是实施例四的部件图示意图,
实施例四由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出 线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装 置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂 物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解 质 5、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正 极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装 置 10等构成。
实施例四上的各组成部分按照图 71和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。 其组装和运行与实施例 1基本相同, 但没有芯子 6参与。 实施例五:
图 1、 图 28、 图 29、 图 72, 所涉及的是一种长方体的块状膜袋内无芯子、 无电解质空气金属燃料电池。
实施例五中膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中没有装电解质 5、 芯 子 6。
图 1为主视图, 图 28为图 1在 E-E上的截面图, 图 29为图 1在 A-A上的 截面图, 图 72是实施例五的部件图示意图,
实施例五由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出 线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装 置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂 物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 防震 缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔 离装置 92、正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等构成。
实施例五上的各组成部分按照图 72和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。 其组装和运行与实施例 1基本相同, 但没有芯子 6和电解质 5参与。 实施例六:
图 1、 图 4、 图 7, 图 73, 所涉及的是一种长方体的块状空气金属燃料电池。 实施例六中, 在空气电极正极 1的空气电极正极进气装置 14与空气电极载 体 15之间有一层空气电极催化剂涂层 17。
图 1为主视图,图 4为图 1在 E-E上的截面图,图 7为图 4放大区域的图片, 图 73是实施例六的部件图示意图,
实施例六由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 空气电极催化剂涂层 17、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负 极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀 膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解 液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入 通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等构成。
实施例六上的各组成部分按照图 73和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求进行 安装。 其组装和运行与实施例 1基本相同, 但在空气电极正极进气装置 14与催 化剂载体 15间, 空气电极催化剂涂层 17与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15均 匀黏贴、 紧密结合。 空气电极催化剂涂层 17参与到氧气催化以及电流的传导过 程。
实施例七: 图 66所涉及的是一种三角形的空气金属燃料电池。 实施例八: 图 67所涉及的是一种圆形的空气金属燃料电池。
实施例九:
有外壳的单电池或串并联的电池组
有外壳的单电池或串并联的电池组,根据实际需求和条件的变化来有效通过 外壳上的进出气装置 101 来控制并关闭和开启二氧化碳进出通道的单电池或串 并联方式工作的大功率电池组, 关闭和开启二氧化碳进出通道的主要目的是: 电 池工作时,在自然空气状态下, 允许二氧化碳在电池或电池组的外壳的进出气装 置 101上自由进出。此时,即少量的二氧化碳对工作中的电池或电池组影响甚微, 但在长期放置不工作时, 如果二氧化碳在电池或电池组的外壳的进出气装置 101 上自由进出,这样二氧化碳长时间的与电池正极电解液相接触会造成电解液的损 害, 如固化、 中和、 碳酸化等。 因此我们可以通过关闭和开启二氧化碳进出通道 来解决这个问题, 也就是在电池工作时, 允许二氧化碳在电池或电池组外壳的进 出气装置 101上自由进出。在电池长期放置不工作时, 则完全关闭电池或电池组 的外壳的进出气装置 101, 这样就会有效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电 解液的损害 (如固化、 中和、 碳酸化等)。
一: 单电池的准备- 图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 13, 图 68, 所涉及的是本发明创新的空气金属燃料电 池单电池
由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气 电极正极输出线路 13、空气电极正极进气装置 14、空气电极载体 15、催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金 属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋 边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹 吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、虹吸膜虹吸端 41、虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解 液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 等构成。
空气金属燃料电池单电池中的各组成部分按照图 68和各组成部分的特征以 及实际需求进行安装。 其组装与实施例 1基本相同。
二- 电池组外壳的准备及电池组的准备
在图 84、 图 85、 图 89、 图 86中:
图 84为空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳的前视图。
图 85为空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳的后视图。
(A)金属燃料电池电池组外¾±进出气親 101的安装
进出气装置 101由三部分构成, 过滤装置 1011、 开关装置 1012、 开关控制 装置 1013, 其中过滤装置 1011为一种空气过滤装置, 可以过滤空气中的杂质、 灰尘等固体性的物质,阻止空气中的杂质、灰尘等固体性的物质进入到电池组中, 开关装置 1012为进出气装置 101上的可以根据实际需求和条件的变化而自 动开启、 自动关闭的通道, 开关装置 1012的开启和关闭是在开关控制装置 1013 的控制和作用下完成的,
控制装置 1013为开关装置 1012的控制和动力装置,是根据实际需求和条件 的变化而来控制开关装置 1012的开启和关闭的。控制装置 1013的动力来源于单 电池或电池组自身的电力, 也可以来源于外界的电力,还可以是手动的。
( 1 )先将一个开关装置 1012根据实际需求和条件的变化安装在外壳的 "前" 面,再将另外一个开关装置 1012根据实际需求和条件的变化安装在外壳的 "后" 面。
(2) 将外壳前后的两个开关装置 1012安装完成后, 再将控制装置 1013根 据实际需求和条件的变化安装在外壳的相应部位上,
(3 ) 将外壳前后的两个开关装置 1012和控制装置 1013安装完成后, 再将 一个过滤装置 1011安装在外壳的 "前"面的开关装置 1012的上面,
另外一个过滤装置 1011安装在外壳的 "后"面的开关装置 1012的上面, 这样空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳 "前"面和 "后"面的进出气装置 101 安装完成。
(B)单电池的固定以及电池组串并联
这里需要说明的是由于空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "上"面是可以打开 的, 通过上述的技术工艺方法将空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳 "前"面和 "后" 面的进出气装置 101安装完成后, 开始下面的安装工作。
这里需要注意的是: 外壳 "前"面和 "后"面的开关装置 1012处于关闭状 态。
( 1 ) 先将空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "上"面打开。
(2) 在上述的已经准备好的单电池按照图 89和图 86所表示的结构, 将 3 组单电池的空气电极正极 1一侧面向金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "右"面, 单电 池按照 "前" "后"走向均匀的摆放在外壳的底面上。
(3 ) 将均匀的摆放在外壳的底面上的 3组单电池固定在外壳的地面上后, 可以用粘结剂粘结、也可以用螺丝固定、还可以是在外壳中设置卡槽直接将单电 池固定在卡槽中, 等其他方法进行固定。
(4)按照图 86所表示的单电池并联结构将三个单电池进行并联,将三组单 电池的空气电极正极输出线路 13通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的正极,
将三组单电池的金属负极输出线路 23通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压 高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的负极,
从而组成了本实施例中的电池组。
( 5 ) 关闭并密封外壳的 "上"面, 这样单电池的固定和电池组的串并联工作完成。
综合上述的 A、 B的安装技术工艺方法实施例九中的空气金属燃料电池电池 组的安装工作完成。 上述的安装过程最好是在真空环境或者无尘环境条件下完 成, 但也可以在自然环境的条件下完成。
H: 空气金属燃料电池电池组的运行
(三 -1)空气金属燃料电池电池组外壳内、 外的空气的运行
通过电池组自身的电力, 也可以来源于外界的电力,也可以用手动的方式将 开关控制装置 1013启动,在开关控制装置 1013的控制和作用下,开关装置 1012 被开启, 外界的空气先经过过滤装置 1011的过滤, 然后再经过开启的开关装置 1012进入到外壳 103 内的电池或电池组中。 同时外壳 103 内的空气通过开启的 开关装置 1012, 然后再经过过滤装置 1011进入到外界空气中。
(三 -2)连接负载, 接通电源
将组装好的空气金属燃料电池电池组的正负极分别与负载(负载是对电流进 行宣誓, 例如测试仪器, 万用表、 电阻、灯泡、 电流使用的器具、 咖啡壶、 手机、 各种电器等) 上的正负极相连接, 正负极接通后, 即接通电源, 开始放电。
(三 -3)单电池上的发电过程
根据负极电解液 8 的性质的不同, 单电池上的发电过程可分为两种运行方 案, 当负极电解液 8为碱性时, 为第一种运行方案。 负极电解液 8为中性电解液 时, 为第二种运行方案。
(三 -3-1)第一种运行方案
通过外壳上的进出气装置 101 进入到外壳中的空气中的氧气通过扩散进入 到空气电极载体 15上, 氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16结合, 在催 化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氢氧根离子, 氢氧根离子与正极电解液 9中 的水形成水合氢氧根离子, 水合氢氧根离子在电池正负极电场的作用下, 穿过虹 吸膜离子端 42到达膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的外膜表面, 由于 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂 物 35是憎水性疏水性物质, 因此水分子不能通过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3进入到电解质 5和负极电解液 8中,而负极电解液 8与涂膜镀膜涂物 35是相同性质的材料 (即均属于非极性物质), 可以相互亲和, 负极电解液 8装 在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中, 并附着在膜的内表面的膜孔中, 这时正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子将氢氧根离子传递给负极电解液 8, 这样 氢氧根离子就穿过了膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 然后在负极电解液 8和电解质 5中在电池正负极电场的作用下 继续运动,一直到负极燃料 24的表面, 与负极燃料 24表面上的金属离子相结合 形成金属氢氧化物, 在氢氧根离子与金属离子相结合的同时, 负极燃料 24表面 上的该金属离子释放出的电子穿过负极燃料 24进入到金属负极集流体 21上,金 属负极集流体 21将汇集的电子通过金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23传 导到电池组的负极上,然后再通过电池组的负极与负载之间的连接线路传送到负 载上,然后再经过负载,进入负载与电池组之间的连接线路上再到空气电极正极 输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极集流体 11上、在空气电极正 极输出线路 13、空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极集流体 11的传导下进入到 空气电极载体 15上, 从而形成连续稳定的电流。
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上金属离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电、 过热、 膨胀、 爆炸等的问题。
(三 -3-2)第二种运行方案
通过外壳上的进出气装置 101 进入到外壳中的空气中的氧气通过扩散进入 到空气电极载体 15上, 氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16结合, 在催 化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氢氧根离子。
同时, 负极燃料 24表面上的金属离子在电池正负极电场的作用下, 金属离 子进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 并穿过电解液 8和电解质 5运动到膜、膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜表面, 这时与膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外膜表面上附着有正极电解液 9, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35是憎水性疏水 性物质, 因此水分子不能通过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到电 解质 5和负极电解液 8中, 只能附着在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的外膜表面, 这样运动到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜 表面上的金属离子在正负极电场力的作用下进入到正极电解液 9中,并与正极电 解液 9中的水结合形成水合金属离子,水合金属离子在向空气电极正极 1运动的 过程中,水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合形成金属氢氧化 物,在水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合的同时, 负极燃料 24表面上的金属原子释放电子离解成金属离子进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5 中。负极燃料 24表面上的金属原子释放出的电子穿过负极燃料 24进入到金属负 极集流体 21上, 金属负极集流体 21将汇集的电子通过金属负极极耳 22、 金属 负极输出线路 23传导到电池组的负极上, 然后再通过电池组的负极与负载之间 的连接线路传送到负载上,然后再经过负载,进入负载与电池组之间的连接线路 上, 再到空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极集流 体 11上、在空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极集 流体 11的传导下进入到空气电极载体 15上, 从而形成连续稳定的电流。 (如果 在正极材料是纯氧, 电池、 电池组的电流将更稳定、 电功率更大、 电流密度也更 高, 至少是空气作为正极材料的 3倍)
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上金属离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题。
(三 -4)空气金属燃料电池电池组停机过程
在电池长期放置不工作时, 将电池组与负载之间的连接断开, 断开后, 即停 止放电。
通过电池组自身的电力, 也可以来源于外界的电力,也可以用手动的方式将 开关控制装置 1013启动,在开关控制装置 1013的控制和作用下,开关装置 1012 被关闭, 外界的空气则不能进入到外壳 103内的电池或电池组中。外壳 103内的 空气也不能进入到外界空气中。
这样就会有效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害 (如固化、 中和、 碳酸化等)。
实施例十: 纯氧为正 料的金属»^电池
以纯氧作为金属燃料电池的正极材料, 电池、 电池组的电流将更稳定、 电功 率更大、 电流密度也更高, 至少是空气作为正极材料的 3倍, 同时还可以缩小电 池、 电池组的体积, 减轻电池、 电池组的重量, 节约电池、 电池组制作的成本。 既可以在自然状态下应用, 也可以在空气稀薄的地方、氧气缺少或没有氧气的地 方使用。 例如大气层、 或大气层外、 深海、 或者水下及亚太空等。
-: 单电池的准备:
图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 13, 图 68, 所涉及的是本发明创新的纯氧为正极材料 的金属腿电池单电池
由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气 电极正极输出线路 13、空气电极正极进气装置 14、空气电极载体 15、催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金 属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋 边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹 吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、虹吸膜虹吸端 41、虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解 液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 等构成。
纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池单电池中的各组成部分按照图 68和各组成 部分的特征以及实际需求进行安装。 但电池的准备与实施例 1基本相同。
二: 纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池
电池组外壳的准备及电池组的准备
在图 86、 图 94中: 图 94为纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 剖视图, 图 86是图 94在 B-B方向上的截面图。
该电池或电池组分为三部分, 一部分为正极材料的储存部分, 一部分为发电 部分。一部分为储存部分和发电部分的连接部分。正极材料的储存部分由纯氧储 存罐 106、 加气装置 1062、 供氧装置 1063、 纯氧 1061构成。
发电部分: 由外壳 103、 单电池 102、 供纯氧气装置 1016构成。
储存部分和发电部分的连接部分: 由调压开关装置 107构成。
(A)纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池单电池的固定以及电池组串并联, 即发电 的组装。
这里需要说明的是由于纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "上" 面是可以打开的。 ( 1 ) 先将纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "上"面打开。
(2) 在上述的已经准备好的单电池按照图 94和图 86所表示的结构, 将 3 组单电池的空气电极正极 1一侧面向金属燃料电池电池组外壳的 "右"面, 单电 池按照 "前" "后"走向均匀的摆放在外壳的底面上。
(3 ) 将均匀的摆放在外壳的底面上的 3组单电池固定在外壳的底面上, 可 以用粘结剂粘结、也可以用螺丝固定、还可以是在外壳中设置卡槽直接将单电池 固定在卡槽中, 等其他方法进行固定。
(4)按照图 86所表示的单电池并联结构将三个单电池进行并联,将三组单 电池的空气电极正极输出线路 13通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压高温喷涂、 镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的正极。
将三组单电池的金属负极输出线路 23通过焊接、 冲压、 印刷、 喷涂、 高压 高温喷涂、镀膜等方法连接到一起, 形成电池组的负极。从而组成了本实施例中 的电池组。
( 5 ) 关闭并密封外壳的 "上"面。
这样单电池的固定和电池组的串并联工作完成。
(B)纯氧为正极材料的金属腿电 部分的连接组装调配
1、 上述的发电部分组装完成后, 将正极材料的储存部分和已经组装好的发 电部分用储存部分和发电部分的连接部分进行连接。
也就是将外壳 103上的供纯氧气装置 1016与纯氧储存罐 106上的供氧装置 1063通过调压开关装置 107连接, 这时调压开关装置 107处于完全关闭状态。
2、 然后根据实际需求和条件的变化将纯氧 1061通过加气装置 1062加入到 纯氧储存罐 106中。
综合上述的 A、 B的安装技术工艺方法实施例十中的纯氧为正极材料的金属 燃料电池电池组的安装工作完成。上述的安装过程最好是在真空环境或者纯氧环 境条件下完成, 但也可以在自然环境的条件下完成。
三: 纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组的运行
(三 -1 )根据实际需求和条件的变化打开调压开关装置 107调节相应的压力, 氧气通过外壳 3上的供纯氧气装置 1016供给单电池或电池组氧气, 作为发电部 分的正极材料参与发电。 这时外壳内充满了相应压力的氧气。
(三 -2)将组装好的纯氧为正极材料金属燃料电池电池组的正负极分别与负 载(负载是对电流进行宣誓, 例如测试仪器, 万用表、 电阻、 灯泡、 电流使用的 器具、 咖啡壶、 手机、 各种电器等)上的正负极相连接, 正负极接通后, 即接通 电源, 开始放电。
(三 -3)单电池上的发电过程 根据负极电解液 8 的性质的不同, 单电池上的发电过程可分为两种运行方 案, 当负极电解液 8为碱性时, 为第一种运行方案。 负极电解液 8为中性电解液 时, 为第二种运行方案。
(三 -3-1 )第一种运行方案
通过外壳上的供纯氧气装置 1016进入到外壳中的氧气通过扩散进入到空气 电极载体 15上, 氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16相结合, 在催化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氢氧根离子,
氢氧根离子与正极电解液 9中的水形成水合氢氧根离子,水合氢氧根离子在 电池正负极电场的作用下, 穿过虹吸膜离子端 42到达膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的外膜表面, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35是憎水性疏水性物质, 因此水分子不能通过 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到电解质 5和负极电解液 8中, 而 负极电解液 8与涂膜镀膜涂物 35是相同性质的材料(即均属于非极性物质), 可 以相互亲和, 负极电解液 8装在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中, 并 附着在膜的内表面的膜孔中,这时正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子将氢氧根离 子传递给负极电解液 8, 这样氢氧根离子就穿过了膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生 物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 然后在负极电解液 8和电解质 5 中在电池正负极电场的作用下继续运动, 一直到负极燃料 24的表面, 与负极燃 料 24表面上的金属离子相结合形成金属氢氧化物, 在氢氧根离子与金属离子相 结合的同时, 负极燃料 24 表面上的该金属离子释放出的电子穿过负极燃料 24 进入到金属负极集流体 21上,金属负极集流体 21将汇集的电子通过金属负极极 耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23传导到电池组的负极上, 然后再通过电池组的负极 与负载之间的连接线路传送到负载上,然后再经过负载,进入负载与电池组之间 的连接线路上再到空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极 正极集流体 11上、在空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电 极正极集流体 11的传导下进入到空气电极载体 15上,从而形成连续稳定的电流。
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上金属离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题。
(三 -3-2)第二种运行方案
通过外壳上的供纯氧气装置 1016进入到外壳中的氧气通过扩散进入到空气 电极载体 15上, 氧气分子与空气电极载体 15上的催化剂 16相结合, 在催化剂 16的催化下, 氧气分子离解成氢氧根离子,
负极燃料 24表面上的金属离子在电池正负极电场的作用下, 金属离子进入 到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 并穿过电解液 8和电解质 5运动到膜、膜袋、生 物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜表面,这时与膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3外膜表面上附着有正极电解液 9, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35是憎水性疏水性物质, 因此水分子不能通过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到电解质 5 和负极电解液 8中, 只能附着在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的外膜 表面, 这样运动到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的膜孔和外膜表面上 的金属离子在正负极电场力的作用下进入到正极电解液 9中, 并与正极电解液 9 中的水结合形成水合金属离子, 水合金属离子在向空气电极正极 1 运动的过程 中, 水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合形成金属氢氧化物, 在水合金属离子与正极电解液 9中的水合氢氧根离子结合的同时, 负极燃料 24 表面上的金属原子释放电子离解成金属离子进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中。 负极燃料 24表面上的金属原子释放出的电子穿过负极燃料 24进入到金属负极集 流体 21上, 金属负极集流体 21将汇集的电子通过金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极 输出线路 23传导到电池组的负极上, 然后再通过电池组的负极与负载之间的连 接线路传送到负载上,然后再经过负载,进入负载与电池组之间的连接线路上再 到空气电极正极输出线路 13、空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极集流体 11上、 在空气电极正极输出线路 13、空气电极正极极耳 12、空气电极正极集流体 11的 传导下进入到空气电极载体 15上, 从而形成连续稳定的电流。
由于金属燃料 (生物) 电池中的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的结构特点, 其上涂有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子 性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 进入到负极电解液 8 和电解质 5中, 更不会进入到金属燃料 24的表面, 这样就在根本上解决了金属 燃料 24被腐蚀、 产气, 电池电压滞后、 发热、 膨胀、 自燃烧、 爆炸等的世界性 难题。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 这种结构的好处是, 即保持了正极电解液 9 液态的性质, 又以固态、 半固态的形式存在, 又可以和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3很好相融合连接, 同时又和空气电极正极 1、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3保持基本的界限, 既极大地减少和节省 正极电解液 9的使用量, 降低了成本, 又稳定了电解液的运行状态, 减小了电池 的体积和重量。
同时可以调节正极电解液 9的供给数量和供给温度,并控制调节电流量的稳 定, 同时和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相配合的条件下彻底解决了 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃的问题, 保证了电池在高低温状态下, 以常温的方式 完善了运行状态。
以上金属离子和电子的运行过程是在瞬间完成的, 其速度是光速。
另外,将电池上连接的负载断开后, 电池中的氢氧根离子和电子也将停止上 述的运动, 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂有 涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜 袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会进 入到金属燃料 24的表面, 因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题。
(三 -4)纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组停机过程
在电池停止工作时,将电池组与负载之间的连接断开,断开后,即停止放电。 电池组停机。 由于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的结构特点, 其上涂 有涂膜镀膜涂物 35, 这样正极电解液 9中水及其他的分子性物质不能穿过膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3进入到负极电解液 8和电解质 5中, 更不会 进入到金属燃料 24的表面,因此在电池放置的过程中没有了电池自放电的问题, 纯氧为正极材料的金属燃料电池电池组所用的正极材料是纯氧, 因此电池、 电池组与外界空气是完全隔离开的, 空气及空气中的二氧化碳是无法进入到电 池、 电池组中的, 这样就即稳定电流、 调高了电功率、 增大了电流密度, 也完全 彻底有效的避免二氧化碳对电池或电池组中的电解液的损害(如固化、 中和、碳 酸化等)。
实施例十一
金属合金 "浸入"膜、 膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 电解质 5 在图 74、 图 75、 图 76、 图 77中, 图 74是在图 1在 G-G上的截面图。 图 75、 图 76、 图 77中是图图 74在 E区域上的放大图。
所述的述的 "浸入"这一词的意思是, 就像是将油慢慢渗入到纸里面一样将 金属合金元素 37、 非金属合金元素 38通过一定的方法添加到膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上、 电解质 5中, 但同时还要保证膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜 袋、 生物活性膜 3、 电解质 5的离子通透性和穿过性。 根据在实际应用中不同的 需求及条件的变化, 可以将金属合金利用化学的方法, 化学沉积法、 电镀法、 离 子镀膜法、 气相沉积法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高压离子喷涂镀膜法、 高温高压离子 喷涂镀膜法、 合成等方法技术, 也可以用物理的办法, 喷涂法, 分子溅射法, 纳 米技术, 超声混合等方法, 也可以用生物的办法: 生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生 物粘结法等中一种或数种工艺技术方法选择性的制作到膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相应的部位上。 根据在实际应用中不同的需求及条件的变化,可以将金属合金利用化学的方 法, 化学沉积法、 电镀法、 离子镀膜法、 气相沉积法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高压离 子喷涂镀膜法、 高温高压离子喷涂镀膜法、合成等方法技术, 也可以用物理的办 法, 喷涂法, 分子溅射法, 纳米技术, 超声混合等方法, 也可以用生物的办法: 生物细菌法、生物发酵法、生物粘结法等中一种或数种工艺技术方法选择性的制 作到也可以不制作到 (不制作最为理想、 可减少成本) 电解质 5相应的部位上。 该电解质 5是本文从头到尾所说的电解质, 在此仅是加了金属合金。
将至少一种不限于一种的金属合金元素 37例如镁、 铝、 铅、 锡、 铟、 锰、 镍、 锗、 锑、 铂等元素周期表中的金属。 和至少一种不限于一种的非金属合金元 素 38例如硅、 碳、 硒、 碘、 硫等元素周期表中的非金属通过上述的工艺技术方 法选择性的制作到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3相应的部位上。
将至少一种不限于一种的金属合金元素 37通过上述的工艺技术方法制作到 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上相应的部位上。
将至少一种非金属合金元素 38 通过上述的工艺技术方法选择性的制作到 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上相应的部位上。
最重要的是利用上述所述的多种工艺技术方法,将至少一种不限于一种的金 属合金元素 37与膜、 袋膜、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3结合到一起, 也可以 将至少一种不限于一种的非金属合金元素 38与膜、 袋膜、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3结合到一起, 也可以将至少一种不限于一种的金属合金元素 37和至少 一种不限于一种的非金属合金元素 38与膜、 袋膜、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3结合到一起, 形成不可分割、 浑然一体的当前世界唯一的、 创新的膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3的新结构、 新材料。
综上所述:用上述的方法方式同样可以有效的解决空气金属燃料电池当前尚 没有解决的空气金属燃料电池的系列世界性难题。 例如: 金属腐蚀、 放电停止、 短时间内电流急剧衰竭、 断电、 电池温度过高、 膨胀、 自燃烧等问题。 而且此方 法比现在所普遍研发、探寻的金属合金的方法更加大幅度减少了成本。使之变得 更加简单易行。
通过上述的技术工艺方法有效形成了一个金属合金膜袋,有效的替代了金属 燃料合金(为了减少和防止金属不腐蚀, 不断地往金属本身中添加其他抗腐蚀金 属元素此方法已在实验中用用多年, 效果不理想, 成本居高不下, 因为是多次合 成的合金金属、 例如铝合金、 锌合金、 铁合金等)。 用我们独创发明的工艺技术 方法, 则不用合金金属直接用单金属即可, 例如铝、 镁、 锌、 铁、 锡等, 直接可 以使用。 金属合金膜袋可以多次、 反复、 循环使用, 从而极大地节约了成本, 且 安全可靠彻底的解决了系列难题。
在图 76中, 非金属合金元素 38 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 3上, 将至少一种非金属元素 38 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中。
其中非金属合金元素 38为至少一种非金属元素,添加到金属燃料 24中构成 合金金属燃料, 在这里为 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 上非金属元素, 这些非金属合金元素 38可以是硅、 碳、 硒、 碘、 硫等元素周期 表中的非金属。
在图 77中, 金属合金元素 37和非金属合金元素 38 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上, 将至少一种金属合金元素 37和至少一种非金 属元素 38 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中,
其中金属合金元素 37为至少一种金属元素,添加到金属燃料 24中构成合金 金属燃料, 在这里为 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上金属 元素, 这些金属合金元素 37可以是例如镁、 铝、 铅、 锡、 铟、 锰、 镍、 锗等元 素周期表中的金属。
其中非金属合金元素 38为至少一种非金属元素,添加到金属燃料 24中构成 合金金属燃料, 在这里为 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 上非金属元素, 这些非金属合金元素 38可以是例如硅、 碳、 硒、 碘、 硫等元素 周期表中的非金属。
同样的、 也可以将金属合金元素 37、 非金属合金元素 38以不同的方式、 方 法、 技术 "浸入"到电解质 5中。
金属合金元素 37 "浸入" 电解质 5, 将至少一种与金属燃料 24不同的金属 合金元素 37 "浸入"到电解质 5中,
非金属合金元素 38 "浸入" 电解质 5, 将至少一种非金属合金元素 38 "浸 入"到电解质 5中,
金属合金元素 37和非金属合金元素 38 "浸入" 电解质 5, 将至少一种与金 属燃料 24不同的金属合金元素 37和一种非金属合金元素 38 "浸入"到电解质 5 中,
同样的也可以将金属合金元素 37和非金属合金元素 38制成具有膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 电解质 5离子通透性的结构, 直接来替换膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 电解质 5, 也可以将这种结构和膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 电解质 5组合到一起制作成电池。
本发明创新结构和技术既起到用合金的办法消除了被金属腐蚀的作用又可 以降低制造合金的成本。 一般情况下将金属燃料 24制作成合金, 可以降低电解 液对金属燃料 24的腐蚀, 进而减轻电池的自放电, 但是每次电池放电完成后, 又要将合金金属燃料 24 中的金属合金元素 37进行还原, 尤其是合金金属燃料 24中的金属合金元素 37的还原,还原就需要增加更多的程序,就算还原完成后, 还要增加更多的步骤, 进行合金化, 制成合金金属燃料 24。 尤其是一些贵金属 元素和一些稀有元素, 这样势必增加了电池合金金属燃料 24的制作工艺和制作 成本, 而本发明创新结构和技术: 只需要将能起到降低、 防止金属燃料 24的金 属合金元素 37、 非金属合金元素 38—次性的 "浸入"到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜 袋、生物活性膜 3上、 电解质 5中, 就可以长久的解决金属燃料 24的腐蚀问题, 既减少了金属燃料 24的制作流程的步骤,又降低了金属燃料 24的制作生产成本。
以铝 (A1 ) 为基体, 在其中添加铟 In、 镁 Mg、 锡 Sn、 铅 Pb等元素, 制成 铝合金作为电池的负极, 具有更小的自腐蚀速率。 而利用本发明创新结构和技术: 则只需要将铟 In、 镁 Mg、 锡 Sn、 铅 Pb等 元素添加到到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上、 电解质 5中, 就可以 长久的解决金属铝(A1 )的腐蚀问题, 既减少了金属燃料 24的制作流程的步骤, 又降低了金属燃料 24的制作生产成本。
实施例十二 动态空气金属燃料电池结构
图 78、 图 79、 图 80、 图 81、 图 82是本发明创新的几种动态结构的空气金 属燃料电池。
(一)其中图 78, 是本发明创新的一种负极电解液 8运动的动态结构空气金属 燃料电池。
( 1-1 ) 首先对几个电池部件做一介绍:
负极电解液泵 25、负极电解液泵进液装置 251、负极电解液泵出液装置 252、 负极电解液储存室 81、负极电解液隔离装置 82、负极电解液储存室出入通道 83、 负极电解液第二储存室 811、 负极电解液第二隔离装置 821、 负极电解液第二储 存室出入通道 831、 负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35。
(DT-1)负极电解液泵 25:为一种可以抽动负极电解液 8运动的设备,能经受 得住负极电解液 8的腐蚀, 并且可以长时间的用, 可以是隔膜泵、也可以是蠕动 泵、 真空泵、 还可以是其他设备装置。
负极电解液泵 25的动力可以来源于外部电源、 还可以开源与电池本身、 也 可以来源于其他设备。 其运行和停止受电池管理系统的控制。
(DT-2)负极电解液泵进液装置 251: 为一种负极电解液 8可以在其中流动的 管状物, 为负极电解液泵 25吸液端, 一端与负极电解液第二储存室 811接通, 另一端与负极电解液泵 25相连接。 通过负极电解液泵进液装置 251可以将负极 电解液 8导入到负极电解液泵 25中。
(DT-3)负极电解液泵出液装置 252: 为一种负极电解液 8可以在其中流动的 管状物, 为负极电解液泵 25出液端, 一端与负极电解液储存室 81接通, 另一端 与负极电解液泵 25相连接。在负极电解液泵 25的作用下,将负极电解液 8通过 负极电解液泵出液装置 252导入到负极电解液储存室 81中。
(DT-4)负极电解液储存室 81
负极电解液储存室 81用于储存负极电解液 8, 为一中空的腔体, 形状为长 方体, 正方体圆柱体, 球体等其他形状, 有至少两个开口, 其中一个为负极电解 液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43吸液端进入的开口, 用于吸附负极电解液 8, 然后 将负极电解液 8吸附到金属燃料 24与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4之间, 一个为负 极电解液 8补充开口。
负极电解液储存室 81可以是和电池连接在一体的, 这样可以和电池其他组 成部分共用电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 也可以是和电池分开的。 也可以是两 个、 两个以上的电池共用一个负极电解液储存室 81。 为了防止负极电解液 8从负极电解液储存室 81的两个开口中漏出, 可以在 负极电解液储存室 81填充一些具有吸附性的材料, 将负极电解液 8固化到吸附 性的材料上, 可以选用: 海绵、 脱脂棉、 泡沫碳纳米材料, 玻璃纤维等
负极电解液储存室 81所用的材料可以是: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙 烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金属等
(DT-5)负极电解液隔离装置 82
负极电解液储存室 81上有一个为是为了让负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材 料 43进入的开口, 为了防止电解液从这个开口处和负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防 冻材料 43处漏出, 设置有负极电解液隔离装置 82, 负极电解液隔离装置 82不 会影响负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43的吸附能力, 负极电解液隔离装置 82为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶圈, 石墨密封泥等。
(DT-6)负极电解液储存室出入通道 83
为负极电解液储存室 81上的一个开口, 用于补充负极电解液 8, 也可以将 负极电解液 8从这里排出。 负极电解液储存室出入通道 83上设置有开关, 补充 负极电解液 8时, 可以打开, 补充完成后关闭。 负极电解液 8需要排出时, 也是 现将负极电解液储存室出入通道 83上的开关打开, 完成后再关闭。
(DT-7)负极电解液第二储存室 811
负极电解液第二储存室 811用于储存负极电解液 8, 储存的负极电解液 8来 自于负极电解液储存室 81, 负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43从负极电解液 储存室 81中吸附后以一定的速度流入负极电解液第二储存室 811中。
负极电解液第二储存室 811为一中空的腔体,形状为长方体,正方体圆柱体, 球体等其他形状,有至少两个开口, 其中一个为负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材 料 43进入的开口, 用于将负极电解液 8流入负极电解液第二储存室 811中, 一 个为负极电解液 8补充和排出的开口。
负极电解液第二储存室 811可以是和电池连接在一体的,这样可以和电池其 他组成部分共用电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 也可以是和电池分开的。 也可以 是两个、 两个以上的电池共用一个负极电解液第二储存室 811。
为了防止负极电解液 8负极电解液第二储存室 811的两个开口中漏出,可以 在负极电解液第二储存室 811填充一些具有吸附性的材料,将负极电解液 8固化 到吸附性的材料上, 可以选用: 海绵、 脱脂棉、 泡沫碳纳米材料, 玻璃纤维等 负极电解液第二储存室 811所用的材料可以是: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚 氯乙烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金属等
(DT-8)负极电解液第二隔离 821
负极电解液第二储存室 811 上有一个为是为了让负极电解液虹吸膜去高温 防冻材料 43进入的开口, 为了防止电解液从这个开口处和负极电解液虹吸膜去 高温防冻材料 43处漏出, 设置有负极电解液第二隔离装置 821, 负极电解液第 二隔离装置 821不会影响负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43的吸附能力, 负 极电解液第二隔离装置 821为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶 圈, 石墨密封泥等。
(DT-9)负极电解液第二储存室出入通道 831
负极电解液第二储存室 811上的一个开口, 用于补充和排出负极电解液 8, 也可以将负极电解液 8从这里排出。负极电解液第二储存室出入通道 831上设置 有开关, 补充负极电解液 8时, 可以打开, 补充完成后关闭。 负极电解液 8需要 排出时,也是先将负极电解液储存室出入通道 831上的开关打开,完成后再关闭。
(DT-10)负极电解液虹吸膜去髙温防冻材料 43
(A) 结构特点: 呈片状、 带状、 为矩形、 条形、 多边形、 圆形、 椭圆形、 三角形、 多边形等其他形状, 其厚度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳 米) -1000nm、 1 rn (微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范围内的任意值, 也可选 1 μ ιη-100 μ ιη范围内的值。 其长度、 宽 度、 直径、 限度为 O.OOlnm (纳米) -lnm (纳米)、 lnm (纳米) -1000nm、 1 rn
(微米) -1000 μ ιη (微米)、 lmm (毫米) -1000mm (毫米)、 大于 lm (米) 范 围内的任意值。其横截面的形状可以是规则的矩形, 其横截面的形状可以是波浪 形, 形状同石棉瓦、 彩钢瓦的形状, 负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43的一 端在负极电解液储存室 81中, 另一端在负极电解液第二储存室 811中, 将电解 液 8以一定的速度从负极电解液储存室 81吸到负极电解液第二储存室 811中, 负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43除了两端位于负极电解液储存室 81和负极 电解液第二储存室 811中外, 剩余部分大多数夹在负极燃料 24与虹吸膜去高温 防冻材料 4之间, 为电池的正负极提供离子通路,
需要注意的是, 在图 78、 图 80中, 可以看到涂膜镀膜涂物 35位于负极电 解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4之间, 其实涂膜镀膜 涂物 35是涂在负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43上的,在这里特别做一说明。
(B)运行特点: 将电解液 8 以一定的速度从负极电解液储存室 81吸到负 极电解液第二储存室 811中, 将负极电解液储存室 81中的负极电解液 8吸附到 金属燃料 24与虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4之间, 为电池的正负极提供离子通路。 同时将金属燃料 24上由于放电产生的金属氧化物, 通过负极电解液 8的流动携 带到负极电解液第二储存室 811中。
负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43可选用的具有吸附能力材料: 聚乙烯 膜, 聚丙烯膜, 玻璃纤维隔膜, PVC 隔膜等材料的膜。 泡沫纳米碳、 脱脂棉、 亚麻等。
(DT-11)^膜镀膜涂物 35, 在这里涂膜镀膜涂物 35不是涂在膜、膜袋、生物 活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3上, 而是涂在负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43上, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂在负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43上的方法与涂膜镀 膜涂物 35涂在涂在膜、膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3上的方法是相同的。 这里再不做详细叙述, 涂膜镀膜涂物 35的材料的选择也同涂在膜、 膜袋、 生物 活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3上的涂膜镀膜涂物 35。
(1-2)对于图 78中, 负极电解液 8运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池的介绍 负极电解液 8运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池由空气电极正极 1、 空气电 极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极 正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 负极电解液泵 25、 负极电解液泵进液装置 251、 负极电解液泵出液装置 252、、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 负极电解液虹 吸膜去高温防冻材料 43、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 负极电解液储存室 81、 负极电解液隔离装置 82、 负极电解液储存室出入通道 83、 负极电解液第二储存 室 811、 负极电解液第二隔离装置 821、 负极电解液第二储存室出入通道 831、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储 存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等部件构成,
其中空气电极正极 1、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 正极电解液 9等的结构同 实施例一,
对于空气电极正极 1, 空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、 周围固定在电池 外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 这种固定可以用胶水、 粘结剂等直接粘上, 也可以 用密封圈、密封垫通过挤压的机械方法固定, 也可以用压力装置固定, 还可以用 其他方法固定。
对于空气电极正极 1,将空气电极正极集流体 11连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,将空气电极正极输出线 路 13与将空气电极正极极耳 12连接。 催化剂 16可以通过化学沉积法, 气相沉 积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波 法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温 真空离子镀膜法、高温高压离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电极载体 15上。 空气 电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,然后 将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15 紧密结合, 在紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1 准备安装完成。
对于金属负极 2、 将金属负极集流体 21连接到金属燃料 24上、 将金属负极 极耳 22与金属负极集流体 21相连接、 将金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 这样金属负极 2准备安装完成。 将负极电解液泵 25与负极电解液泵 进液装置 251和负极电解液泵出液装置 252接通, 将负极电解液泵进液装置 251 与负极电解液第二储存室 811接通,将负极电解液泵出液装置 252与负极电解液 储存室 81接通
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4,将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 的一部分虹吸膜 离子端 42放入到装有正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液 隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。
对于负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43、将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂在负极电 解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43, 将其一端放入装有负极电解液 8的负极电解液 储存室 81中,并用负极电解液隔离装置 82将负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43 与负极电解液储存室 92 的连接处密封, 另一端放入负极电解液第二储存室 811, 并用负极电解液第二隔离装置 821将负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43 与负极电解液第二储存室 921的连接处密封,
对于负极电解液 8、 将负极电解液 8通过负极电解液储存室出入通道 83加 入到负极电解液储存室 81中。
对于正极电解液 9、 将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液储存室出入通道 93加 入到正极电解液储存室 91中。 待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储 存室 91中后,用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解 液储存室 91的连接处密封。
这样就可以将准备完成的空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 负极电解液虹吸膜 去高温防冻材料 43、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 负极电解液储存室 81、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 电池外壳及支撑 固定装置 10按照图 78和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求安装成电池了。这样接 通在电池的正负极接上负载, 就可以有电流输出。
对于负极电解液 8 运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池中各组成部分的具体 材料具体功能详见上文。
(二)其中图 79, 是本发明创新的一种正极电解液 9运动的动态结构空气金属 麟电池。
(2-1 ) 首先对几个电池部件做一介绍:
正极电解液泵 18、 正极电解液泵进液装置 181、 正极电解液泵出液装置 182 正极电解液第二储存室 911、 正极电解液第二隔离装置 921、 正极电解液第二储 存室出入通道 931。
(DT-12)正极电解液泵 18: 为一种可以抽动正极电解液 9运动的设备, 能经 受得住正极电解液 9的腐蚀, 并且可以长时间的用, 可以是隔膜泵、也可以是蠕 动泵、 真空泵、 还可以是其他设备装置。
正极电解液泵 18的动力可以来源于外部电源、 还可以开源与电池本身、 也 可以来源于其他设备。 其运行和停止受电池管理系统的控制。
(DT-13)正极电解液泵进液装置 181 :为一种正极电解液 9可以在其中流动的 管状物, 为正极电解液泵 18吸液端, 一端与正极电解液第二储存室 911接通, 另一端与正极电解液泵 18相连接。 通过正极电解液泵进液装置 181可以将正极 电解液 9导入到正极电解液泵 18。
(DT-14)正极电解液泵出液装置 182:为一种正极电解液 9可以在其中流动的 管状物, 为正极电解液泵 18的出液端, 一端与正极电解液储存室 91接通, 另一 端与正极电解液泵 18相连接。 在正极电解液泵 18 的作用下, 将正极电解液 9 通过正极电解液泵出液装置 182导入到正极电解液储存室 91中。
(DT-15)正极电解液第二储存室 911
正极电解液第二储存室 911用于储存正极电解液 9, 储存的正极电解液 9来 自于正极电解液储存室 91, 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4从正极电解液储存室 91中 吸附后以一定的速度流入在极电解液第二储存室 911中。 正极电解液第二储存室 911为一中空的腔体,形状为长方体,正方体圆柱体, 球体等其他形状,有至少两个开口, 其中一个为虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4进入的 开口, 用于将正极电解液 9流入正极电解液第二储存室 911中,一个为正极电解 液 9补充和排出的开口。
正极电解液第二储存室 911可以是和电池连接在一体的,这样可以和电池其 他组成部分共用电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10, 也可以是和电池分开的。 也可以 是两个、 两个以上的电池共用一个正极电解液第二储存室 911。
为了防止正极电解液 9从正极电解液第二储存室 911的两个开口中漏出,可 以在正极电解液第二储存室 911填充一些具有吸附性的材料,将正极电解液 9固 化到吸附性的材料上, 可以选用: 海绵、 脱脂棉、 泡沫碳纳米材料, 玻璃纤维等
(DT-16)正极电解液第二隔离装置 921
正极电解液第二储存室 911上有一个为是为了让虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4进 入的开口, 为了防止电解液从这个开口处和虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4处漏出, 设 置有正极电解液第二隔离装置 921, 正极电解液第二隔离装置 921不会影响虹吸 膜去高温防冻材料 4的吸附能力,正极电解液第二隔离装置 921为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶圈, 石墨密封泥等。
(DT-17)正极电解液第二储存室出入 S¾ 931
正极电解液第二储存室 911上的一个开口, 用于补充和排出正极电解液 9, 也可以将正极电解液 9从这里排出。正极电解液第二储存室出入通道 931上设置 有开关, 补充正极电解液 9时, 可以打开, 补充完成后关闭。 正极电解液 9需要 排出时,也是先将正极电解液储存室出入通道 931上的开关打开,完成后再关闭。
(2-2)对于图 79中, 正极电纖 9运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池的介绍 正极电解液 9运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池由空气电极正极 1、 空气电 极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极 正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 正极电解液泵 18、 正极电解液 泵进液装置 181、 正极电解液泵出液装置 182、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜 袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 膜袋边缘粘结部 32、 隔膜 33、 隔片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极 电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室 出入通道 93、 正极电解液第二储存室 911、 正极电解液第二隔离装置 921、 正极 电解液第二储存室出入通道 931、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等部件构成。
其中空气金属负极 2、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 虹吸膜去 高温防冻材料 4、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲层 7等的结构同实施例一。
对于空气电极正极 1, 空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、 周围固定在电池 外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 这种固定可以用胶水、 粘结剂等直接粘上, 也可以 用密封圈、密封垫通过挤压的机械方法固定, 也可以用压力装置固定, 还可以用 其他方法固定。 对于空气电极正极 1,将空气电极正极集流体 11连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,将空气电极正极输出线 路 13与将空气电极正极极耳 12连接。 催化剂 16可以通过化学沉积法, 气相沉 积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波 法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温 真空离子镀膜法、高温高压离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电极载体 15上。 空气 电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,然后 将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15 紧密结合, 在紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1 准备安装完成。 将正极电解液泵 18与正极电解液泵进液装置 181和正极电解液 泵出液装置 182接通, 将正极电解液泵进液装置 181 与正极电解液第二储存室 911接通, 将正极电解液泵出液装置 182与正极电解液储存室 91接通。
对于金属负极 2、 将金属负极集流体 21连接到金属燃料 24上、 将金属负极 极耳 22与金属负极集流体 21相连接、 将金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 这样金属负极 2准备安装完成。
对于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 将隔膜 33、 隔片 34按照所 需的尺寸制成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂 膜镀膜涂物乙 36按照一定的方法涂到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的相应的部位上, 同时准备好膜袋封口装置 31。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4, 将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜 离子端 42放入到装有正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液 隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。 将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的另一端放入到正极电解液第二储存室 911中、并用 正极电解液第二隔离装置 921将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液第二储存 室 911的连接处密封。
对于正极电解液 9、 将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液隔离装置 92加入到正 极电解液储存室 91中。待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储存室 91 中后, 用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存 室 91的连接处密封。
对于电解质 5、 芯子 6, 将制作完成的电解质 5涂抹到金属燃料 24, 经过处 理后,连同芯子 6按照一定的次序放入到膜袋中, 也可以是将电解质 5制成片状 结构, 连同芯子 6、 金属燃料 24按照一定的次序放入到膜袋中, 将电解质 5芯 子 6、 金属燃料 24按照一定的次序放入到膜袋中后, 在膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜 袋、 生物活性膜 3中加入负极电解液 8, 电解液 8浸入到电解质 5芯子 6、 金属 燃料 24后, 用准备好膜袋封口装置 31将膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3封口。 将装有负极电解液 8、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 金属燃料 24的膜袋辅助性的 固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上。再将装有负极电解液 8、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 金属燃料 24的膜袋、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸膜离子端 42、 空气电极正极 1进行紧密结合,在三者的结合处排出空气, 也可以直接在真空手 套箱中操作。 这样就可以将准备完成的空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 电解质 5、 芯子 6、 防震缓冲 层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 电池外壳及支撑固 定装置 10按照图 79和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求安装成电池了。这样接通 在电池的正负极接上负载, 就可以有电流输出。
对于正极电解液 9 运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池中各组成部分的具体 材料具体功能详见上文。
(三)其中图 80, 是本发明创新的一种负极电解液 8运动
正极电解液 9也运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池。
对于图 80中, 负极电解液 8运动、 正极电解液 9也运动的动态结构空气金 属燃料电池的介绍,
负极电解液 8运动、正极电解液 9也运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池由空 气电极正极 1、 空气电极正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极 输出线路 13、 空气电极正极进气装置 14、 空气电极载体 15、 催化剂 16、 正极电 解液泵 18、 正极电解液泵进液装置 181、 正极电解液泵出液装置 182、 金属负极 2、 金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 负极电解液泵 25、 负极电解液泵进液装置 251、 负极电解液泵出液装置 252、 涂 膜镀膜涂物 35、虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、虹吸膜虹吸端 41、虹吸膜离子端 42、 负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 负极电解 液储存室 81、 负极电解液隔离装置 82、 负极电解液储存室出入通道 83、 负极电 解液第二储存室 811、 负极电解液第二隔离装置 821、 负极电解液第二储存室出 入通道 831、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正 极电解液储存室出入通道 93、正极电解液第二储存室 911、正极电解液第二隔离 装置 921、 正极电解液第二储存室出入通道 931、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 等部件构成,
对于空气电极正极 1, 空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、 周围固定在电池 外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 这种固定可以用胶水、 粘结剂等直接粘上, 也可以 用密封圈、密封垫通过挤压的机械方法固定, 也可以用压力装置固定, 还可以用 其他方法固定。
对于空气电极正极 1,将空气电极正极集流体 11连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,将空气电极正极输出线 路 13与将空气电极正极极耳 12连接。 催化剂 16可以通过化学沉积法, 气相沉 积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波 法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温 真空离子镀膜法、高温高压离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电极载体 15上。 空气 电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,然后 将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15 紧密结合, 在紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1 准备安装完成。 将正极电解液泵 18与正极电解液泵进液装置 181和正极电解液 泵出液装置 182接通, 将正极电解液泵进液装置 181 与正极电解液第二储存室 911接通, 将正极电解液泵出液装置 182与正极电解液储存室 91接通。
对于金属负极 2、 将金属负极集流体 21连接到金属燃料 24上、 将金属负极 极耳 22与金属负极集流体 21相连接、 将金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 这样金属负极 2准备安装完成。 将负极电解液泵 25与负极电解液泵 进液装置 251和负极电解液泵出液装置 252接通, 将负极电解液泵进液装置 251 与负极电解液第二储存室 811接通,将负极电解液泵出液装置 252与负极电解液 储存室 81接通
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4,将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 的一部分虹吸膜 离子端 42放入到装有正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液 隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。 将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的另一端放入到正极电解液第二储存室 911中、并用 正极电解液第二隔离装置 921将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液第二储存 室 911的连接处密封。
对于负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43、将涂膜镀膜涂物 35涂在负极电 解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43, 将其一端放入装有负极电解液 8的负极电解液 储存室 81中,并用负极电解液隔离装置 82将负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43 与负极电解液储存室 92 的连接处密封, 另一端放入负极电解液第二储存室 811, 并用负极电解液第二隔离装置 821将负极电解液虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 43 与负极电解液第二储存室 921的连接处密封,
对于正极电解液 9、 将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液隔离装置 92加入到正 极电解液储存室 91中。待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储存室 91 中后, 用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存 室 91的连接处密封。
这样就可以将准备完成的空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 虹吸膜去高温防冻 材料 4、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 负极电解液储存室 81、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等按照图 80和各组成部分 的特征以及实际需求安装成电池了。这样接通在电池的正负极接上负载, 就可以 有电流输出。
对于负极电解液 8运动、正极电解液 9也运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池 运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池中各组成部分的具体材料具体功能详见上文。
(四)其中图 81, 是本发明创新的一种金属负极 2运动的动态结构空气金属燃 料电池。
(4-1)首先对凡个电池部件做一介绍:
半固态金属燃料 26、 金属燃料室 261、 金属燃料回收室 262、 金属燃料放电 区 263、 金属燃料泵 27、 金属燃料泵进料装置 271、 金属燃料泵出料装置 272、 金属燃料回收泵 28金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281、金属燃料回收泵出料装置 282。
(DT-18)半固态金属燃料 26: 为半固态、 有一定的流动性的金属、 或金属 混合物。 半固态金属燃料 26是整个电池电容量的储存部分,半固态金属燃料 26的有 效重量和有效体积是电池能量密度大小的关键。
对于半固态金属燃料 26材料的选择, 可选用金属锌 Zn、 镁 Mg、 铝 Al、 铁 Fe、 铅 Pb、 钠 Na、 钾 K、 钙 Ga等元素周期表中的金属元素, 还可以是以这些 金属中的一种、 两种、 多种制成的合金, 如镁铝合金、 铅钙铁合金, 镁铝铁锗锰 合金等。还可以是些金属中的一种、两种、多种制成与非金属元素制作成的合金, 碳锌合金、 碳铁锡合金、 硅铝镁钙合金等。
半固态金属燃料 26是由上述的材料的粉末、 颗粒和导电剂、 增稠剂等混合 成的有一定流动性的半固体混合物。
(DT-19)金属燃料室 261: 为中空的箱体, 用于储存半固态金属燃料 26, 其形状为长方体、 正方体、 圆形、 椭圆形、 三角形等其他形状。 材质所用的材料 可以是: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金属等
(DT-20)金属燃料回收室 262
为中空的箱体, 用于储存放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26, 其形状为长方 体、 正方体、 圆形、椭圆形、三角形等其他形状。材质所用的材料可以是: ABS、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 塑钢、 合金、 金属等。
(DT-21 )金属燃料放电区 263: 位于金属负极集流体 21和隔膜 33之间, 在图 81中,金属负极集流体 21为块状, 同隔膜 33的尺寸一致, 负极集流体 21、 隔膜 33四周都固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 负极集流体 21与隔膜 33 之间有一定的距离, 这段距离就是金属燃料放电区 263, 半固态金属燃料 26就 是在金属燃料放电区 263放电的,
(DT-22)金属燃料泵 27: 为一种可以抽动半固态金属燃料 26运动的设备, 能经受得住半固态金属燃料 26的腐蚀, 并且可以长时间的用, 可以是隔膜泵、 也可以是蠕动泵、 真空泵、 还可以是其他设备装置。 金属燃料泵 27的动力可以 来源于外部电源、还可以开源与电池本身、 也可以来源于其他设备。其运行和停 止受电池管理系统的控制。
(DT-23)金属燃料泵进料装置 271: 为一种半固态金属燃料 26可以在其中 流动的管状物, 为金属燃料泵 27吸液端, 一端与金属燃料室 261接通, 另一端 与金属燃料泵 27相连接。 通过金属燃料泵进料装置 271可以将半固态金属燃料 26导入到金属燃料泵 27中。
(DT-24)金属 »!·泵出料装置 272
为一种半固态金属燃料 26可以在其中流动的管状物,为金属燃料泵 27出液 端, 一端与金属燃料放电区 263接通, 另一端与金属燃料泵 27相连接。 在金属 燃料泵 27的作用下,将半固态金属燃料 26通过负金属燃料泵出料装置 272导入 到金属燃料放电区 263中。
(DT-25)金属燃料回收泵 28
为一种可以抽动放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26运动的设备, 能经受得住 放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26的腐蚀, 并且可以长时间的用, 可以是隔膜泵、 也可以是蠕动泵、 真空泵、 还可以是其他设备装置。 金属燃料回收泵 28的动力 可以来源于外部电源、还可以开源与电池本身、 也可以来源于其他设备。其运行 和停止受电池管理系统的控制。
(DT-26)金属燃料回收泵腿 ¾g 281
金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281为一种放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26可以 在其中流动的管状物, 为金属燃料回收泵 28的吸液端, 一端与金属燃料放电区 263接通, 另一端与金属燃料回收泵 28相连接。 通过金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281可以将放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26导入到金属燃料回收泵 28中。
(DT-27)金属 TO回收泵出料装置 282
为一种放电完成后的半固态金属燃料 26可以在其中流动的管状物, 为金属 燃料回收泵 28出液端, 一端与金属燃料回收室 262接通, 另一端与金属燃料回 收泵 28相连接。在金属燃料回收泵 28的作用下,将放电完成后的半固态金属燃 料 26通过金属燃料回收泵出料装置 282导入到金属燃料回收室 262中。
(4-2)对于图 81中, 金属负极 2运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池的介绍, 金属负极 2运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极 正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正 极进气装置 14、空气电极载体 15、催化剂 16、金属负极 2、金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 半固态金属燃料 26、 金属燃料室 261、 金属燃料回收室 262、 金属燃料放电区 263、 金属燃料泵 27、 金属燃料泵进料装 置 271、金属燃料泵出料装置 272、金属燃料回收泵 28金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281、 金属燃料回收泵出料装置 282、 隔膜 33、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸 膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、正极电解液隔离装置 92、正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等部件构成,
对于空气电极正极 1, 空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、 周围固定在电池 外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 这种固定可以用胶水、 粘结剂等直接粘上, 也可以 用密封圈、密封垫通过挤压的机械方法固定, 也可以用压力装置固定, 还可以用 其他方法固定。
对于空气电极正极 1,将空气电极正极集流体 11连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,将空气电极正极输出线 路 13与将空气电极正极极耳 12连接。 催化剂 16可以通过化学沉积法, 气相沉 积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波 法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温 真空离子镀膜法、高温高压离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电极载体 15上。 空气 电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,然后 将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15 紧密结合, 在紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1 准备安装完成。 对于金属负极 2、 将金属负极集流体 21固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10 上, 与隔膜 33形成金属燃料回收室 262, 将金属负极极耳 22与金属负极集流体 21相连接、 将金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22相连接,。 将半固态金属 燃料 26加入到金属燃料室 261中,将金属燃料泵 27与金属燃料泵进料装置 271、 金属燃料泵出料装置 272接通, 将金属燃料泵进料装置 271 与金属燃料室 261 接通,将金属燃料泵出料装置 272与金属燃料放电区 263接通,将金属燃料回收 泵 28与金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281、 金属燃料回收泵出料装置 282接通, 将 金属燃料回收泵进料装置 281与金属燃料放电区 263接通,将金属燃料回收泵出 料装置 282与金属燃料回收室 262接通。 这样金属负极 2准备安装完成
将隔膜 33固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 隔膜 33上涂了涂膜镀膜 涂物 35。
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4,将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 的一部分虹吸膜 离子端 42放入到装有正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液 隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。
对于正极电解液 9、 将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液储存室出入通道 93加 入到正极电解液储存室 91中。 待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储 存室 91中后,用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解 液储存室 91的连接处密封。
这样就可以将准备完成的空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 虹吸膜去高温防冻 材料 4、 防震缓冲层 7、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极电解液储存室 91、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10按照图 81和各组成部分的特征以及实际需求安装成 电池了。 这样接通在电池的正负极接上负载, 就可以有电流输出。
对于金属负极 2 运动的动态结构空气金属燃料电池中各组成部分的具体材 料具体功能详见上文。
(五)其中图 82, 是本发明创新的一种金属负极 2旋转的动态结构空气金属燃 料电池。
(5-1)首先对几个电池部件做一介绍:
负极旋转电机 29、 负极旋转轴 291、 旋转密封 292。
(DT-28)负极旋转电机 29
为一种电机, 能够带动金属燃料 24 以一定的速度旋转, 负极旋转电机 29 固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,负极旋转电机 29的动力输出端与负极旋 转轴 291连接, 并将动力传给金属燃料 24, 在这里金属燃料 24为圆形转盘样。 负极旋转电机 29的动力可以来源于外部电源、 还可以开源与电池本身、 也可以 来源于其他设备。 其运行和停止受电池管理系统的控制。
(DT-29)负极旋转轴 291,
唯一传动装置, 一端与负极旋转电机 29的动力输出端连接, 另一端与金属 燃料 24连接, 将负极旋转电机 29的动力传递给金属燃料 24, 并带动金属燃料 24以一定的速度旋转。 (DT-30)旋转密封 292
为一种密封装置, 可用密封橡胶圈, 聚四氟密封橡胶圈, 石墨密封泥等。 在 不影响金属燃料 24选装的情况下, 阻止膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3中的电解液漏出。 位于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3与负极旋转轴 291之间。
(5-2)对于图 82中, 金属负极 2旋转的动态结构空气金属燃料电池的介绍 金属负极 2旋转的动态结构空气金属燃料电池由空气电极正极 1、 空气电极 正极集流体 11、 空气电极正极极耳 12、 空气电极正极输出线路 13、 空气电极正 极进气装置 14、空气电极载体 15、催化剂 16、金属负极 2、金属负极集流体 21、 金属负极极耳 22、 金属负极输出线路 23、 金属燃料 24、 负极旋转电机 29、 负极 旋转轴 291、 旋转密封 292
膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 膜袋封口装置 31、 隔膜 33、 隔 片 34、 涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂膜镀膜涂物乙 36、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 虹吸 膜虹吸端 41、 虹吸膜离子端 42、 电解质 5、 负极电解液 8、 正极电解液 9、 正极 电解液储存室 91、 正极电解液隔离装置 92、 正极电解液储存室出入通道 93、 电 池外壳及支撑固定装置 10等部件构成,
对于空气电极正极 1, 空气电极正极进气装置 14的四周、 周围固定在电池 外壳及支撑固定装置 10上, 这种固定可以用胶水、 粘结剂等直接粘上, 也可以 用密封圈、密封垫通过挤压的机械方法固定, 也可以用压力装置固定, 还可以用 其他方法固定。
对于空气电极正极 1,将空气电极正极集流体 11连接到空气电极载体 15上, 将空气电极正极极耳 12与空气电极正极集流体 11连接,将空气电极正极输出线 路 13与将空气电极正极极耳 12连接。 催化剂 16可以通过化学沉积法, 气相沉 积法, 离子镀膜法, 电解电镀法, 喷涂法、 水热法、 归一法、 微波法、 归一微波 法、 乙炔黑还原高锰酸钾法、 硝酸锰、 硝酸钴等分解法、 真空离子镀膜法、 高温 真空离子镀膜法、高温高压离子镀膜法、高温高压喷涂离子镀膜法、生物细菌法、 生物发酵法、 生物粘结法等各种方法技术工艺制作到空气电极载体 15上。 空气 电极载体 15的四周、周围辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上,然后 将前面已经固定好的空气电极正极进气装置 14与负载有催化剂的空气电极载体 15 紧密结合, 在紧密结合的过程中, 将之间的空气排出, 这样空气电极正极 1 准备安装完成。
对于金属负极 2、 将金属负极集流体 21连接到金属燃料 24上、 将金属负极 极耳 22与金属负极集流体 21相连接、 将金属负极输出线路 23与金属负极极耳 22相连接, 将负极旋转电机 29固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上、 将负极 旋转轴 291与负极旋转电机 29连接, 同时再将负极旋转轴 291与金属燃料 24 连接, 将旋转密封 292安装在负极旋转轴 291与膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物 活性膜 33之间, 这样金属负极 2准备安装完成。
对于膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 将隔膜 33、 隔片 34按照所 需的尺寸制成膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3, 将涂膜镀膜涂物 35、 涂 膜镀膜涂物乙 36按照一定的方法涂到膜、 膜袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3 的相应的部位上, 同时准备好膜袋封口装置 31,
对于虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4,将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4 的一部分虹吸膜 离子端 42放入到装有正极电解液 9的正极电解液储存室 91中、并用正极电解液 隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存室 91的连接处密封。
对于正极电解液 9、 将正极电解液 9通过正极电解液隔离装置 92加入到正 极电解液储存室 91中。待虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4插入到正极电解液储存室 91 中后, 用正极电解液隔离装置 92将虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4与正极电解液储存 室 91的连接处密封。
对于电解质 5、将制作完成的电解质 5涂抹到金属燃料 24, 经过处理后, 按 照一定的次序放入到膜袋中, 也可以是将电解质 5 制成片状结构, 将金属燃料 24按照一定的次序放入到膜袋中, 将电解质 5、 金属燃料 24按照一定的次序放 入到膜袋中后, 在膜、膜袋、生物活性膜袋、生物活性膜 3中加入负极电解液 8, 电解液 8浸入到电解质 5、 金属燃料 24后, 用准备好膜袋封口装置 31将膜、 膜 袋、 生物活性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3封口。 将装有负极电解液 8、 电解质 5、 金属 燃料 24的膜袋辅助性的固定在电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10上。再将装有负极电 解液 8、 电解质 5、 金属燃料 24的膜袋、虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4的一部分虹吸 膜虹吸端 41、 空气电极正极 1进行紧密结合, 在三者的结合处排出空气, 也可 以直接在真空手套箱中操作。
这样就可以将准备完成的空气电极正极 1、 金属负极 2、 膜、 膜袋、 生物活 性膜袋、 生物活性膜 3、 虹吸膜去高温防冻材料 4、 电解质 5、 负极电解液 8、 正 极电解液 9、正极电解液储存室 91、 电池外壳及支撑固定装置 10按照图 82和各 组成部分的特征以及实际需求安装成电池了。, 这样接通在电池的正负极接上负 载, 就可以有电流输出。
对于金属负极 2 旋转的动态结构空气金属燃料电池中各组成部分的具体材 料具体功能详见上文。
(六)空气金属燃料电池的并串联- 可以将本发明创新电池进行并串联组成电池组, 可将至少两块单电池根据 不同的需求和条件而变化进行串并联, 组成并串联的电池组。 如图 83。
金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物的回收还原
空气金属燃料电池放电完成后, 金属转化为金属氧化物、 金属氢氧化物, 将 金属转化为金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物回收后在工厂经过还原, 重新生成金属燃 料。
对于金属燃料的放电后的产物金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物回收后, 可以用一 下方法、 技术进行还原:
( 1 ) 电解的方法, 用发电厂的电能: 水电、 火电、 核电、 太阳能电、 风电 等的电能将金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物通过电解的方法、技术还原成为金属燃料, 然后再将金属燃料放入到空气金属燃料电池中继续放电,这样达到电池中金属燃 料的循环。 也可以用发电厂的电能: 水电、 火电、 核电、 太阳能电、 风电等的过 剩电能将金属氧化物、 金属氢氧化物通过电解的方法、 技术还原成为金属燃料, 达到对电场电力谷峰的调节。
(2) 用化石原料直接还原, 可以用焦炭将金属氧化物、 金属氢氧化物还原 成金属燃料,然后再将金属燃料放入到空气金属燃料电池中继续放电,这样达到 电池中金属燃料的循环。
( 3 ) 用太阳热能进行热分解, 通过对太阳能进行聚焦, 用聚焦的温度将金 属氧化物、金属氢氧化物还原成金属燃料还原成金属燃料,然后再将金属燃料放 入到空气金属燃料电池中继续放电, 这样达到电池中金属燃料的循环。
把氢氧化铝再经过风能或太阳能(包括水电)所提供能量再还原成铝用来循 环发电的过程中, 所使用太阳能量的转化可达到 40%-50%, 甚至以上, 这是因 为利用太阳能把氢氧化铝还原成铝过程中, 可直接利用太阳能的热能即可, 而不 需要将太阳能转化成电能后,再用电能将氢氧化铝还原成铝,这样就极大地将太 阳能的利用率提高到 40%-50%, 且不再需要硅晶板, 减去了大量生产硅晶板所 需的费用, 同时彻底消除了生产硅晶板形成的污染。
(4) 其他方法。 实脚十三 以铝金属为实例电池的实验数据 1
以下虽然给出了具体的参数,但仅用于说明本发明,不应理解为对本发明的限制。
1、 电池的构成
电池的结构同实施例 1。 其中, 隔膜为聚丙烯膜, 涂膜镀膜涂物为黄油, 虹 吸去高温防冻材料为聚乙烯隔板, 电解质为半固态电解质 (淀粉: 黄油: 8%氢 氧化钠甲醇溶液: 玻璃纤维粉 =1: 5: 22: 0.5 ), 负极电解液为 8%氢氧化钠甲醇 溶液, 正极电解液为 10%氢氧化钠水溶液, 金属燃料为纯铝。空气电极载体为碳 布, 按上述空气电极载体分布催化剂制作实例的方法制作到载体上。按照实施例 1制作并组装电池。
2、 放电试验
(1)放电试验 1
铝片尺寸: 12m X 12cm X 0.03cm
铝片质量: n.56g
持续放电时间 :600分钟 ( 10小时)
600分钟后铝片质量: 16.98g
600分钟铝片消耗: 0.58g
每小时铝片消耗: 0.058g
平均电流: 340mA
平均电压: 1.22v 放电曲线见图 98。
(2)放电试验 2
铝片尺寸: 5.5mX5.5cmX0.03cm
铝片质量: 3.37g
持续放电时间 :600分钟 (10小时)
600分钟后铝片质量: 3.24g
600分钟铝片消耗: 0.13g
每小时铝片消耗: 0.013g
平均电流: 76mA
平均电压: 1.20v
能量密度: 7015Wh/Kg
放电曲线见图 99。
(3)早期长时间试验
铝片尺寸: 5.5mX5.5cmX0.03cm
铝片质量: 5.40g
持续放电时间 :14230分钟 (273.16小时)
14230分钟后铝片质量: 3.43g
14230分钟铝片消耗: 1.97g
每小时铝片消耗: 0.0083066g
平均电流: 30mA
平均电压: 1.25v
能量密度: 4514Wh/Kg
3、 负极腐蚀试验
3.1实验分组:
试验组: 电池构成同上述 1
铝片尺寸: 12m X 12cm X 0.03cm
铝片质量: 18.23g
对照组: 电池结构同实验组, 但无隔膜材料, 无涂膜镀膜涂物。 3.2试验方法: 对照组 10件, 实验组 10件, 电池在室温环境下, 空气湿度为 45%。 放置 100天。 取铝片考察腐蚀程度。
3.3试验结果:
实验组平均腐蚀率为 0.015%, 对照组平均腐蚀率为 15.76%。
4、雌试验
4.1实验分组:
试验组: 电池构成同上述 1
铝片尺寸: 12m X 12cm X 0.03cm
铝片质量: I 8.23g
对照组: 电池结构同实验组, 不含有虹吸材料及正极电解液储存室, 正极电 解液与空气正极直接接触。
3.2试验方法:
对照组 10件, 实验组 10件。 撞击力 300kg, 每个电池冲撞 3次。
3.3试验结果:
实验组未发生爆炸, 对照组平均 3件发生爆炸。 实施例十四 以铝金属为实例电池的实验数据 2
以下虽然给出了具体的参数,但仅用于说明本发明,不应理解为对本发明的限制。
1、 电池的构成
电池的结构同实施例 1。 其中, 隔膜为玻璃纤维膜, 隔膜上添加有锡、 锰、 硅、 铟元素, 通过电镀和溅射的方法掺杂到玻璃纤维膜上, 厚度 50nm, 锡、 锰、 硅、 铟的摩尔比例为 1.5: 1.5: 0.7: 1, 无涂膜镀膜涂物, 虹吸去高温防冻材料为 聚乙烯隔板, 电解质为半固态电解质 (乙基纤维素、 羊油、 18%氢氧化钾二甲基 亚砜溶液、 玻璃纤维粉质量分数比为 1: 4: 20: 3 ), 负极电解液为 18%氢氧化钾 二甲基亚砜溶液, 正极电解液为 18%氢氧化钾水溶液, 金属燃料为纯铝。%为质 量百分比。 空气电极载体为碳布, 锰系催化剂采用所述分解法制作到载体上。按 照实施例 1制作并组装电池。
2、放电试验
铝片尺寸: 5.5m X 5.5cm X 0.03cm
铝片质量: 3.35g
持续放电时间 :600分钟 ( 10小时)
600分钟后铝片质量: 3.22g
600分钟铝片消耗: 0.13g 每小时铝片消耗: 0.013g
平均电流: 75mA
平均电压: 1.20v
能量密度: 6923Wh/Kg。 、 负极腐蚀试验
3.1实验分组:
试验组: 电池构成同上述 1
铝片尺寸: 5.5m X 5.5cm X 0.03cm
铝片质量: 3.53g
对照组: 电池结构同实验组, 但无隔膜材料。
3.2试验方法:
对照组 10件, 实验组 10件, 电池在室温环境下, 空气湿度为 45%。 放置 100天。 取铝片考察腐蚀程度。
3.3试验结果:
实验组平均腐蚀率为 0.017%, 对照组平均腐蚀率为 16.87%。
工业实用性
本发明空气金属燃料电池能量密度大、成本低、 安全性好, 可以作为手机电 池、 动力电池、 储能电站中广泛使用。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种空气金属燃料电池, 其特征在于, 所述电池包括至少一个正极单元和至 少一个负极单元, 所述正极单元包括空气电极正极、 正极电解液、 虹吸材料, 所 述空气电极正极包括空气电极载体,所述空气电极载体具有催化剂,所述催化剂 能催化氧气产生阴离子; 所述负极单元包括金属负极、 负极电解液和 /或电解质, 所述金属负极包括金属燃料, 其为电池的放电提供阳离子; 通过虹吸材料将正极 电解液输送至空气正极载体, 并使正极电解液与空气正极载体相接触,所述金属 负极与负极电解液和 /或电解质接触, 所述空气电极正极与金属负极之间可形成 离子通路, 在所述空气电极正极、 正解电解液与金属负极、 负极电解液和 /或电 解质之间具有疏水结构层, 该疏水结构层可以通过离子, 并具有憎水性。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极单元包括金属负极、 负 极电解液和电解质。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述空气电极正极还包括空气电 极正极集流体、 空气电极正极极耳和正极输出线路, 所述正极输出线路、 空气电 极正极极耳、 空气电极正极集流体与空气电极载体依次相连。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述正极单元还包括空气电极正 极进气装置,氧气通过空气电极正极进气装置进入正极单元, 并与空气电极载体 的催化剂相接触。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述空气电极正极进气装置具有 透气材料层, 所述透气材料层包括防水透气膜和 /或二氧化碳隔离膜。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述空气电极载体内和 /或其表面 分布有催化剂。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述空气电极载体表面具有含 有催化剂的空气电极催化剂涂层。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的电池, 其特征在于, 空气电极催化剂涂层由催化剂、 多孔吸附剂、 导电剂、 分散剂和粘结剂制成。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述吸附剂选自活性炭、 活性氧 化铝、分子筛、硅胶中的一种或多种; 所述导电剂选自乙炔黑、石墨烯、石墨粉、 炭黑、 超级炭黑、 聚苯胺、 聚乙炔、 聚吡咯、 聚噻吩、 金属粉中的一种或多种; 所述粘结剂选自聚四氟乙烯乳、 脂肪酸金属盐、 聚乙酸乙烯酯、 聚乙烯醇、 聚氧 化乙烯、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、 聚乙烯醚、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 聚偏氟乙烯、 聚氯乙 烯、 聚丙烯腈、 聚乙烯吡啶、 聚苯乙烯, 或者它们的衍生物、 共聚物中的一种或 多种。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述催化剂选自银系催化剂、钙 钛矿型催化剂、 铂催化剂、 钯系催化剂、 锰系催化剂、 金属复合氧化物催化剂、 金属氧化物催化剂、 有机物金属催化剂、 金属螯合物催化剂中的一种或多种。
11、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述空气电极载体选自: 1 ) 以 碳材料、 以及碳材料为主制做成的膜结构、 网结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结 构、 纳米材料; 2) 以碳纳米材料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构; 或, 以金属和金属纳米材料制成的网状结构、 泡沫结构、 膜结构、 布结构、 颗粒结构、 粉末结构。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述空气电极载体选自: 1 )碳 布、 碳纸、 碳纤维布、 碳纳米布、 碳纳米纸; 2)镍丝网、 镀镍钢丝网、 铜丝网、 镀镍铜丝网, 镀铜钢丝网等金属网; 或 3 )镍泡沫, 铜泡沫, 铜纤维、 银泡沫颗 粒。
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述金属负极还包括金属负极集 流体、 金属负极极耳和负极输出线路, 所述负极输出线路、 金属负极极耳、 金属 负极集流体与金属燃料依次相连。
14、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池,其特征在于,所述的金属燃料选自金属锂、锌、 镁、 铝、 铁、 铅、 钠、 钾、 钙中的一种或多种, 或选自所述金属构成的合金, 或 者所述金属中的一种或多种与非金属制成的合金。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述金属燃料为铝。
16、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述金属燃料为半固态, 所述电 池还包括金属燃料储存室和金属燃料回收室,金属燃料由金属燃料存储室经电池 负极放电区放电后进入金属燃料回收室。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的电池, 其特征在于, 金属燃料通过金属燃料泵泵入 电池负极放电区, 通过金属燃料回收泵泵入金属燃料回收室。
18、 根据权利要求 16所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述半固态金属燃料是选自以 下一种或多种材料的粉末或颗粒和导电剂、 增稠剂制成的流动性的半固体混合 物: 金属锌、 镁、 铝、 铁、 铅、 钠、 钾、 钙中的一种或多种, 或选自所述金属构 成的合金, 或者所述金属中的一种或多种与非金属制成的合金。
19、 根据权利要求 1所述的的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极单元还包括隔膜, 在 所述隔膜为一层或多层,在所述隔膜的至少一层膜上具有疏水涂层, 形成所述疏 水结构层。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述隔膜为多层, 在至少一组 的两层隔膜之间具有多层疏水涂层。
21、 根据权利要求 19所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述的疏水涂层的材料选自: 聚合物类: 聚四氟乙烯、 聚乙烯; 高级直链垸烃类: 微晶石蜡、 液体石蜡、 聚乙 烯蜡等; 脂类: 奶油、 黄油、 羊油、 牛油、 猪油、 鱼油、 禽油、 豆油、 葵花油、 菜籽油、 蓖麻油、 花生油; 人工合成酯基化合物中的一种或多种。
22、 根据权利要求 19所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述隔膜为聚乙烯膜、 聚丙烯 膜、 玻璃纤维隔膜、 PVC隔膜、 生物活性膜、 细菌微生物生物膜。
23、 根据权利要求 19的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极单元包括电解质, 其与所 述隔膜相贴合。
24、 根据权利要求 19所述的的电池, 其特征在于, 所述隔膜单独或与辅助材料 构成袋状的膜袋。
25、 根据权利要求 24的电池, 其特征在于, 所述金属负极、 负极电解液和 /或电 解质位于膜袋内。
26、 根据权利要求 24所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述膜袋具有膜袋封口装置, 膜袋封口装置位于膜袋开口处, 用于将膜袋开口密封。
27、 根据权利要求 24所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述膜袋包括膜和隔片, 隔片 和膜组成袋状。
28、 根据权利要求 27所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述隔片的材料为四氟聚乙烯、 聚乙烯, 聚丙烯, PVC、 聚氯乙烯或 ABS。
29、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极单元还包括隔膜, 在所 述隔膜的膜上分布有构成合金的添加的金属元素和 /或构成合金的添加的非金属 元素。
30、 根据权利要求 29所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述构成合金的添加的金属元 素选自元素周期表中的金属元素中的至少一种,所述构成合金的添加的非金属元 素选自元素周期表中的非金属元素中的至少一种。
31、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述电池还包括正极电解液第一 储存室,所述虹吸材料的一部分插入正极电解液第一存储室中,一部分与空气正 极载体相接触。
32、 根据权利要求 31所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述电池还包括正极电解液第 二储存室, 所述虹吸材料的两端分别插入正极电解液第一存储室和第二存储室 中, 中间部分与空气正极载体相接触。
33、 根据权利要求 32所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述正极电解液第一储存室与 第二储存室之间通过管道相连接, 管道上设有正极电解液泵,通过驱动正极电解 液泵可实现正极电解液在第一存储室与第二存储室之间循环。
34、 据权利要求 32所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在虹吸材料插入正极电解液第一 储存室、第二储存室的入口处分别具有正极电解液隔离装置, 其将虹吸材料与正 极电解液储存室的连接处密封。
35、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述空气电极载体为所述虹吸材 料,所述电池还包括正极电解液储存室,所述虹吸材料的一部分插入正极电解液 存储室中。
36、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极单元包括负极电解液, 还包括芯子, 所述芯子具有吸附性, 可吸附储存负极电解液, 所述芯子与金属燃 料相接触。
37、 根据权利要求 36所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述电池包括负极电解液、 芯 子和电解质, 金属燃料位于芯子和电解质之间, 并分别与芯子和电解质贴合。
38、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述负极单元还包括负极虹吸材 料,所述负极虹吸材料的一部分与金属燃料相贴合,通过负极虹吸材料将负极电 解液输送至金属燃料。
39、 根据权利要求 38所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述负极虹吸材料面向正极 单元的一面具有疏水涂层, 构成所述的疏水结构层。
40、 根据权利要求 39所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述电池还包括负极电解液第 一储存室和负极电解液第二储存室,所述负极虹吸材料的两端分别插入负极电解 液第一存储室和第二存储室中, 中间部分与金属燃料相接触。
41、 根据权利要求 40所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述负极电解液第一储存室与 第二储存室之间通过管道相连接, 管道上设有负极电解液泵,通过驱动负极电解 液泵可实现负极电解液在第一存储室与第二存储室之间循环。
42、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述的电解质为电池的正负极提 供离子通路, 为电池负极提供离子运行的电解质, 其为固态或半固态。
43、 根据权利要求 46所述的电池,其特征在于所述电解质选自: 1 )固体电解质: β -Α1203, 二氧化锆或陶瓷材料; 2) 聚合物电解质: 聚氧化乙烯系、 聚偏氟乙 烯系、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯系或聚丙烯腈系的聚合物电解质; 或, 3 ) 半固态电解 质: 将低聚糖、 高聚糖, 淀粉, 糊精, 乙基纤维素中的至少一种, 脂类、 高级直 链垸烃类、 酯类中的至少一种, 碳材料、 磁性材料、 玻璃纤维中的至少一种与氢 氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂等碱的有机溶液中的至少一种混合, 在无水的环境 下反应制成。
44、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述负极电解液是为电池负极提 供离子运行的电解液, 所述负极电解液选自:
碱性电解液: 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂、 碳酸氢钠、 氢氧化钙、 氢氧 化铝、 氢氧化锌、 甲醇钠、 甲醇钾中的一种或多种与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙 腈、 二甲基亚砜或碳酸酯中的一种或多种制成的负极电解液;
酸性电解液: 有机、 无机弱酸与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜 或碳酸酯中的一种或多种制成的负极电解液;
中性电解液: 氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾、 碘化钾中的一种 或多种盐与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯中的一种或多种 制成的负极电解液; 或,
金属卤化物同季铵盐或季磷盐或季硫盐中的一种形成的卤金属酸离子液体 为电解液, 溶剂为乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 丙酮、 四氢呋喃、 异丙醇、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯中的一种或多种。
45、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于,所述的正极电解液为电池的正负 极提供离子通路, 为电池正极提供离子运行的电解液, 所述的正极电解液选自: 碱性电解液: 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锂、 碳酸氢钠、 氢氧化钙、 氢氧 化铝、 甲醇钠或甲醇钾中的一种或多种与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基 亚砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多种制成的正极电解液;
酸性电解液: 有机、无机弱酸与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多种制成的正极电解液;
中性电解液: 氯化钠、 氟化钠、 碘化钠、 氯化钾、 氟化钾或碘化钾中的一种 或多种与有机溶剂: 乙醇、 甲醇、 乙腈、 二甲基亚砜、 碳酸酯或水中的一种或多 种制成的正极电解液。
46、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 还包括一旋转装置, 所述旋转装 置与金属燃料相连, 可驱动金属燃料旋转。
47、 根据权利要求 46所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述旋转装置包括电机和连接 电机与金属燃料的连接部件。
48、 根据权利要求 1所述的电池, 其特征在于, 还包括防震缓冲结构, 所述防震 缓冲结构具有弹性, 通过防震缓冲结构的弹性作用将电池中的组件相紧密连接。
49、 根据权利要求 1-48任一项所述的电池, 其特征在于, 还包括电池壳体及固 定支撑部件, 电池壳体及固定支撑部件将电池组件相对固定。
50、 根据权利要求 49所述的电池, 其特征在于, 其为扁平状结构, 正极单元以 及负极单元各组成结构为扁平状, 并紧密贴合。
51、 根据权利要求 49所述的电池, 其特征在于, 其为圆柱状结构, 以负极单元 为中心, 正极单元环绕于负极单元, 各组成结构紧密贴合。
52、 根据权利要求 1-48任一项所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述其包括两个或两 个以上的正极单元。
53、 根据权利要求 1-48任一项所述的电池, 其特征在于, 所述其包括两个或两 个以上的负极单元。
54、 一种电池, 其包括一个或多个权利要求 1-53任一项所述的电池以及电池外 壳。
55、 根据权利要求 54所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述外壳上设有可关闭的通 风装置。
56、 根据权利要求 54所述的电池, 其特征在于, 其为包括多个权利要求 1-59任 一项所述的电池电池组。
57、 根据权利要求 54所述的电池, 其特征在于, 还包括供氧装置, 所述供氧装 置与电池外壳相接, 为电池提供氧气。
58、 根据权利要求 57所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述电池外壳内设有氧气浓 度传感器, 所述供氧装置根据氧气浓度传感器的数据调整外壳内的氧气浓度。
59、 根据权利要求 54所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述外壳上设有氧气选择性 通过膜, 该膜选择性地允许氧气通过。
60、 根据权利要求 54所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述外壳上设有二氧化碳隔 离膜。
61、 根据权利要求 54-60任一项所述的电池, 其特征在于, 在所述外壳上设有空 气过滤装置。
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