WO2016082356A1 - 自给式压力补偿系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

自给式压力补偿系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016082356A1
WO2016082356A1 PCT/CN2015/073101 CN2015073101W WO2016082356A1 WO 2016082356 A1 WO2016082356 A1 WO 2016082356A1 CN 2015073101 W CN2015073101 W CN 2015073101W WO 2016082356 A1 WO2016082356 A1 WO 2016082356A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
pressure
compensating device
pressure compensating
oil passage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/073101
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴兴丛
李勇
郑文
Original Assignee
徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
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Application filed by 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 filed Critical 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
Priority to EP15864286.8A priority Critical patent/EP3222856B1/en
Publication of WO2016082356A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016082356A1/zh
Priority to US15/604,581 priority patent/US10534381B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2066—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using controlling means acting on the pressure source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F15B1/0275—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices with two or more pilot valves, e.g. for independent setting of the cut-in and cut-out pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F15B1/033—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices with electrical control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/26—Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/265—Supply reservoir or sump assemblies with pressurised main reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/006—Compensation or avoidance of ambient pressure variation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0007—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 for underwater installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/005—Filling or draining of fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/21—Accumulator cushioning means using springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3152—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being bladders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F15B2201/51—Pressure detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F15B2201/515—Position detection for separating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/857—Monitoring of fluid pressure systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of pressure compensation, in particular to a self-contained pressure compensation system and a control method.
  • the existing supercharged pressure compensating device cannot detect the internal supercharging value in real time, and can only manually observe the position of the pressure compensating device piston to determine whether it is necessary to replenish oil. This process not only reduces the construction efficiency, but also seriously causes the water seepage inside the power unit due to the inability to replenish oil in time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained pressure compensation system and a control method, which can detect the pressure of the pressure of the pressure compensation device in real time and can realize automatic oil replenishment, and can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit.
  • a self-contained pressure compensation system comprising an oil supply device, a pressure compensation device, a power unit and a switch control device associated with the pressure compensation device, wherein:
  • Pressure compensation device for supplying oil to the power unit and also capable of monitoring itself in real time Cavity pressure change
  • a switch control device for detecting a pressure of the inner cavity according to the pressure compensating device, if the inner cavity pressure is less than a predetermined first threshold, triggering the oil supply device to supply oil to the pressure compensating device; if the inner cavity pressure is greater than the predetermined second door When the time limit is reached, the oil supply device is triggered to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensation device.
  • the switch control device disconnects the oil circuit between the pressure compensating device and the power unit; when the oil supply device stops supplying oil to the pressure compensating device, the switch controls The device opens the oil path between the pressure compensating device and the power unit.
  • a backup bladder is also connected to the pressure compensating device and the power unit connecting oil passage for providing pressure compensation for the power unit when the oil passage is disconnected between the pressure compensating device and the power unit.
  • the pressure compensating device includes a displacement sensor and a piston, and the displacement sensor is fixed at an upper end of the pressure compensating device, and the piston can move up and down in the inner cavity of the pressure compensating device;
  • the displacement sensor detects the position of the piston relative to the upper end of the pressure compensating device, and if the detected position is less than the first predetermined value, indicating that the internal pressure of the switch control device is less than a predetermined first threshold; if the detected position is greater than the second predetermined value When the switch control device internal cavity pressure is greater than a predetermined second threshold.
  • the oil supply device includes an oil storage tank, and the oil storage tank is provided with an oil storage skin capsule, and the oil storage skin capsule is connected to the first main oil passage;
  • the switch control device specifically opens the first main oil passage when the oil supply device is triggered to supply oil to the pressure compensating device, so as to supply oil to the oil storage skin capsule through the first main oil passage, and the oil storage skin capsule is squeezed in the oil storage tank due to an increase in volume
  • the oil enters the pressure compensating device through the oil passage between the oil storage tank and the pressure compensating device, so that the piston in the pressure compensating device moves downward; when the oil feeding device is triggered to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensating device, the first main oil circuit is cut off In order to stop supplying oil to the oil storage capsule.
  • a first reversing valve is provided on the first main oil passage, and the pressure is compensated
  • a second directional control valve is disposed on the oil passage between the compensation device and the associated power unit, and the first directional control valve and the second directional control valve respectively control the on and off states of the respective oil passages.
  • a one-way valve is provided on the oil line between the reservoir and the pressure compensating device for preventing oil in the pressure compensating device from flowing back to the reservoir.
  • the oil storage bladder is further connected to the second main oil passage, and the oil storage tank and the pressure compensating device are respectively connected to the third main oil passage;
  • the second main oil passage and the third main oil passage are opened to supply oil to the oil storage tank and the pressure compensating device through the third main oil passage, and the oil of the oil storage leather capsule passes through the second main oil due to being squeezed.
  • the pressure compensating device and its associated power unit and the spare bladder are filled with oil, the second main oil passage and the third main oil passage are cut off.
  • the reservoir has a closable vent to allow air to escape from the reservoir during the system replenishment phase
  • the pressure compensating device has a ventable opening to discharge air from the pressure compensating device during the system replenishing phase.
  • the closable venting opening on the reservoir is disposed above the sump and the closable vent on the pressure compensating device is disposed above the pressure compensating device.
  • the number of pressure compensation devices is N, N >
  • the switch control device opens the oil passage between the oil storage tank and the i-th pressure compensating device when the i-th pressure compensating device in the system detects that the inner chamber pressure is less than a predetermined first threshold; When the i-th pressure compensating device detects that the inner cavity pressure is greater than the predetermined second threshold, the oil path between the oil storage tank and the i-th pressure compensating device is cut off, wherein 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • a compensation reversing valve is respectively disposed on the oil passage between the oil storage tank and each of the pressure compensating devices; and the compensating reversing valve controls the on-off state of the corresponding oil passage.
  • the pressure compensating device monitors the pressure change of the inner cavity in real time, wherein the pressure compensating device supplies oil to the power unit;
  • the oil supply device is triggered to supply oil to the pressure compensating device;
  • the fuel supply device is triggered to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensating device.
  • the method when the oil supply device supplies oil to the pressure compensating device, the method further includes:
  • the oil supply device stops supplying oil to the pressure compensating device, it also includes:
  • the oil circuit between the pressure compensating device and the power unit is opened.
  • the backup bladder provides pressure compensation to the power unit when the oil circuit between the pressure compensating device and the power unit is disconnected.
  • the step of monitoring the pressure change of the intraluminal pressure by the pressure compensating device in any of the above-mentioned methods includes:
  • the displacement sensor in the pressure compensating device detects the position of the piston in the pressure compensating device relative to the upper end of the pressure compensating device in real time;
  • the step of triggering the oil supply device to supply oil to the pressure compensating device comprises:
  • the steps of triggering the oil supply device to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensating device include:
  • the first main oil circuit and the oil circuit between the pressure compensating device and the oil storage tank are disconnected to stop the supply of oil to the oil storage skin.
  • the second main oil passage and the third main oil passage are opened to supply oil to the oil storage tank and the pressure compensating device through the third main oil passage, the oil storage skin
  • the oil of the bladder is discharged through the second main oil passage due to being squeezed;
  • the pressure compensating device and its associated power unit and the spare bladder are filled with oil, the second main oil passage and the third main oil passage are cut off.
  • the number of pressure compensation devices is N, N ⁇ 1;
  • the i-th pressure compensating device When the i-th pressure compensating device detects that the inner cavity pressure is less than the predetermined first threshold, opening the oil passage between the oil storage tank and the i-th pressure compensating device;
  • the i-th pressure compensating device detects that the inner cavity pressure is greater than the predetermined second threshold, the oil circuit between the oil storage tank and the i-th pressure compensating device is cut off, wherein 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • the invention realizes automatic oil replenishment by detecting the pressure of the inner cavity of the pressure compensating device in real time, and can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of still another embodiment of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a self-contained pressure compensation control method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pressure monitoring method for a self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the pressure monitoring method of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • the system comprises an oil supply device 2, a pressure compensating device 3, a power unit 4 associated with the pressure compensating device 3, and a switch control device 1, wherein:
  • the pressure compensating device 3 is for supplying oil to the power unit 4, and is also capable of monitoring the pressure change of the inner cavity in real time.
  • the self-contained pressure compensation system of the invention can detect the internal cavity pressure of the pressure compensation device in real time and can realize automatic oil replenishment, can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit, and at the same time improve work efficiency.
  • the switch control device 1 cuts off the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4; When the supply of oil to the pressure compensating device 3 is stopped, the switch control device 1 opens the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4 to provide pressure compensation for the power unit 4.
  • a backup skin 5 is further connected to the oil line connecting the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4 for disconnecting the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4. Pressure compensation is provided for the power unit 4.
  • the pressure compensating device 3 in the system includes a displacement sensor 31 and a piston 32.
  • the piston 32 can be moved up and down in the inner cavity of the pressure compensating device 3, and the displacement sensor 31 is fixed to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3, The position of the piston 32 with respect to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 is detected.
  • the piston 32 and the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 are connected by a spring, and the displacement sensor 31 detects the position S of the piston 32 with respect to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 by detecting the tensile length of the spring.
  • the piston 32 will stretch the spring when moving downward in the inner cavity of the pressure compensating device 3,
  • the displacement sensor 31 obtains the position S of the piston 32 with respect to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 by detecting the amount of tension of the spring.
  • the switch control device 1 cuts off the pressure compensation.
  • the oil path between the device 3 and the power unit 4 simultaneously triggers the oil supply device 2 to supply oil to the pressure compensating device 3, at which time the spare skin 5 supplies oil to the power unit 4.
  • the switch control device 1 If the position S detected by the displacement sensor 31 is greater than the second predetermined value X 2 , the internal pressure of the switch control device 1 is indicated to be greater than a predetermined second threshold V 2 , and the switch control device 1 triggers the oil supply device 2 to stop to the pressure compensation device. 3, oil is supplied, and the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4 is opened at the same time to pressurize the power unit 4.
  • the oil supply device 2 includes an oil storage tank 21, and the oil storage tank 21 is provided with an oil storage skin 22, and the oil storage skin 22 is connected to the first main oil path P1.
  • the switch control device 1 opens the first main oil passage P1 to supply oil to the oil storage bladder 22 through the first main oil passage P1, since the oil storage tank 21 is filled The oil, therefore, when the first main oil passage P1 is filled with oil to the oil storage bladder 22, the volume of the oil storage bladder 22 is increased, and the oil in the squeeze reservoir 21 passes through the oil passage between the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 to enter the pressure.
  • the compensating device 3 pushes the piston 32 downward to realize oil supply to the pressure compensating device 3.
  • the switching control device 1 stops the oil supply device 2 from stopping the supply of oil to the pressure compensating device 3, the first main oil passage P1 is cut off, and the volume of the oil storage bladder 22 is no longer increased, and the oil in the oil storage tank 21 is no longer squeezed. The supply of oil to the pressure compensating device 3 is stopped.
  • a first reversing valve 6 is provided on the first main oil passage P1
  • a second commutation is provided on the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the associated power unit 4.
  • the valve 7 controls the on-off state of the corresponding oil passage by the first switching valve 6 and the second switching valve 7, respectively.
  • the first reversing valve 6 and the second reversing valve 7 can be selected as a two-position two-way valve.
  • the first reversing valve 6 is a normally-off two-position two-way valve, and the switch control device 1 triggers the oil supply device 2 to be turned on when supplying oil to the pressure compensating device 3;
  • the second reversing valve 7 is a normally-on two-position two-way valve.
  • the switch control device 1 is turned off when the oil path between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4 is turned off.
  • a check valve 8 is provided on the oil passage between the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 for preventing the oil in the pressure compensating device 3 from flowing back to the oil storage tank 21.
  • the oil storage bladder 22 is also connected to the second main oil passage P2, and the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 are respectively connected to the third main oil passage P3.
  • the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3 are opened to supply oil to the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 through the third main oil passage P3, and the oil of the oil storage bladder 22 is stored. Discharged through the second main oil passage P2 due to being squeezed; after the oil storage bladder 22 is emptied, the pressure compensating device 3 and its associated power unit 4 and the spare bladder 5 are filled with oil, the second main oil passage is cut off P2 and third main oil passage P3.
  • the oil passage between the second main oil passage P2 and the oil storage bladder 22 is provided with a first shutoff valve 9 for controlling the opening and closing of the second main oil passage P2; and the third main oil passage P3 and the oil storage tank 21
  • the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the pressure compensating device 3 is provided with a second shutoff valve 10 for controlling the opening and closing of the third main oil passage P3.
  • the specific on/off operation can be performed manually or automatically by setting the control unit.
  • the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 are provided with a closable venting opening (not shown in Fig. 2) for venting the internal air during the system replenishing phase.
  • the closable vent hole on the oil storage tank 21 is disposed above the oil storage tank 21, and the closable vent hole on the pressure compensating device 3 is disposed above the pressure compensating device 3.
  • the oil passage between the first reversing valve 6 and the oil storage bladder 22 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 13 and a first throttle valve 11 to prevent pressure when the first main oil passage P1 supplies oil to the oil storage bladder 22.
  • the second throttle valve 12 is disposed in the oil passage between the second reversing valve 7 and the backup bladder 5 and the power unit 4 to prevent the pressure compensating device 3
  • the power unit 4 When the power unit 4 is pressurized, it causes an excessive impact on the spare skin 5 and the power unit 4.
  • the oil supply device 2 may supply oil to N (N ⁇ 1) pressure compensation devices 3.
  • the pressure compensating device 3i (1 ⁇ i ⁇ N) detects its corresponding cavity pressure, and if the pressure compensating device 3i detects that the cavity pressure is less than the predetermined first threshold V1i , the switch control device 1 (not shown in Fig.
  • a compensating reversing valve 14i is provided on the oil passage between the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3i to control the on/off state of the corresponding oil passage, so that each of the pressure compensating devices 3i can independently complete the respective pressure compensating processes.
  • the compensation reversing valve 14i is a normally-off two-position two-way valve.
  • the pressure compensating device 3 can calculate the oil replenishment amount according to the displacement of the piston 32 every time the oil is replenished, and the switch control device 1 can determine the storage according to the replenishing amount. Whether the amount of oil V in the fuel tank 21 is sufficient, when V is less than the preset system charge threshold V T , the system is replenished, and the oil replenishment amount of the pressure compensating device 3 is cleared, and the system replenishment can be automatically performed, Can be done manually.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a self-contained pressure compensation control method of the present invention. 2 and 4, the self-contained pressure compensation control method of this embodiment includes:
  • step 401 the pressure compensating device 3 monitors its own internal cavity pressure change in real time, wherein the pressure compensating device 3 supplies oil to the power unit 4.
  • Step 402 If the internal cavity pressure is less than the predetermined first threshold V 1 , the oil supply device 2 is triggered to supply oil to the pressure compensating device 3 .
  • the oil supply device 2 supplies oil to the pressure compensating device 3
  • the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4 is disconnected.
  • the backup unit 5 provides pressure compensation for the power unit 4.
  • Step 403 if the internal cavity pressure is greater than the predetermined second threshold V 2 , triggering the oil supply device 2 to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensating device 3.
  • the self-contained pressure compensation control method of the invention can detect the pressure of the cavity of the pressure compensation device in real time and can realize automatic oil replenishment, can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit, and improve work efficiency.
  • the step of the pressure compensating device 3 in step 401 monitoring the pressure change of the inner cavity in real time is specifically that the displacement sensor 31 in the pressure compensating device 3 detects the position of the piston 32 in the pressure compensating device 3 relative to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 in real time. . If the position S detected by the displacement sensor 31 is smaller than the first predetermined value X 1 , it is determined that the cavity pressure is less than the predetermined first threshold V 1 ; if the position S detected by the displacement sensor 31 is greater than the second predetermined value X 2 , It is then determined that the lumen pressure is greater than a predetermined second threshold V 2 .
  • step of triggering the oil supply device 2 to supply oil to the pressure compensating device 3 in step 402 specifically opens the first main oil passage P1 to supply oil to the oil storage bladder 22 through the first main oil passage P1, due to the oil storage tank 21 is filled with oil, so when the first main oil passage P1 is filled with oil to the oil storage bladder 22, the volume of the oil storage bladder 22 is increased, and the oil in the oil storage tank 21 is squeezed between the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3.
  • the oil passage enters the pressure compensating device 3, and pushes the piston 32 downward to realize oil supply to the pressure compensating device 3.
  • step 403 the step of triggering the oil supply device 2 to stop supplying oil to the pressure compensating device 3 is specifically: the first main oil passage P1 is disconnected, and the volume of the oil storage bladder 22 is no longer increased, and the oil storage tank 21 is no longer squeezed. In the oil, the supply of oil to the pressure compensating device 3 is stopped.
  • the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3 are opened to supply oil to the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3 through the third main oil passage P3, and the oil of the oil storage bladder 22 is stored. It is discharged through the second main oil passage P2 due to being squeezed. After the oil storage bladder 22 is emptied, the pressure compensating device 3 and its associated power unit 4 and the spare skin bladder 5 are filled with oil, the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3 are cut off.
  • the number of the pressure compensating devices 3 is N, N ⁇ 1, and when the i-th pressure compensating device 3i detects that the inner cavity pressure is less than the predetermined first threshold V1i , the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device are opened.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pressure monitoring method for a self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5:
  • step 501 the system is started.
  • Step 502 detecting the oil reservoir 21 oil V is sufficient, when the threshold V is less than V T accelerator complement system proceeds to step 503, when V ⁇ V T, the process proceeds to step 504.
  • step 503 the system alarms. Then proceed to step 512.
  • Step 504 detecting the pressure compensating piston 32 relative to the upper end position of the means 3 is less than a first predetermined value S X 1, if S ⁇ X 1, proceeds to step 505; if S ⁇ X 1, proceeds to step 506.
  • step 505 the oil replenishing process is started. Then proceed to step 508.
  • step 505 specifically cuts off the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4, and opens the first main oil passage P1, and the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the oil storage tank 21.
  • Step 506 it is judged whether the position S of the piston 32 with respect to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3 is greater than the second predetermined value X 2 . If S>X 2 , the process proceeds to step 507; if S ⁇ X 2 , then the process proceeds to step 508.
  • step 507 the oil replenishing process is stopped.
  • step 507 specifically opens the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the power unit 4, and opens the oil passage between the first main oil passage P1 and the pressure compensating device 3 and the oil storage tank 21.
  • the pressure monitoring method of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the invention can detect pressure in real time
  • the force compensates for the internal cavity pressure and enables automatic oil replenishment, which can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit and improve work efficiency.
  • step 508 it is determined whether the time T 1 for the oil storage tank 21 to perform the oil replenishment is greater than the predetermined first time T 1max . If T 1 >T 1max , the process proceeds to step 509; if T 1 ⁇ T 1max , the process proceeds to step 510 .
  • step 509 the system alarms for maintenance, and T 1 is cleared. Then proceed to step 512.
  • Step 510 determining whether the time interval T 2 between the two adjacent oil supplements of the oil storage tank 21 is less than a predetermined second time T 2min , if T 2 ⁇ T 2min , proceeding to step 511; if T 2 ⁇ T 2min , returning to the step 502.
  • step 511 the alarm prompts that the first main oil passage P1 is opened, and the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3 and the corresponding power unit 4 is opened, and the first main oil passage P1 directly supplies the oil to the power unit 4.
  • step 512 the machine is shut down and the system is replenished.
  • the pressure compensating device 3 can calculate the amount of oil replenishment based on the displacement of the piston 32 each time the fuel is replenished, and the switch control device 1 can determine whether the amount of oil V in the accumulator 21 is sufficient according to the amount of replenishment.
  • a method for calculating the amount of oil replenishment is that when the oil is replenished, the displacement of the piston 32 is
  • V o by counting the number n of oil replenishment, the replenishing amount nV o can be obtained, and the remaining oil amount V in the oil storage tank 21 can be obtained; another more accurate statistical replenishment amount is by counting each time.
  • the displacement of the piston 32 obtains the cumulative displacement X of the piston 32, which is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the pressure compensating device 3 to obtain the total amount of replenishment, thereby obtaining the amount of oil V remaining in the reservoir 21.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the pressure monitoring method of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention.
  • N N > 1 power units 4i (1 ⁇ i ⁇ N)
  • step 601 the system is started.
  • Step 602 detecting the oil reservoir 21 oil V is sufficient, when the threshold V is less than V T accelerator complement system proceeds to step 603, when V ⁇ V T, the process proceeds to step 604.
  • step 603 the system alarms, and then proceeds to step 612.
  • Step 604 detecting whether the position S i of the piston 32i relative to the upper end of the pressure compensating device 3i is smaller than the first predetermined value X 1i , if S i ⁇ X 1i , proceeding to step 605; if S i ⁇ X 1i , proceeding to step 606.
  • step 605 the oil replenishing process is started. Then proceed to step 608.
  • step 605 specifically cuts off the oil passage between the pressure compensating device 3i and the power unit 4i, and opens the oil passage between the first main oil passage P1 and the pressure compensating device 3i and the oil storage tank 21.
  • Step 606 the piston 32i is determined with respect to the upper end of the pressure compensation means 3i position S i is greater than a second predetermined value X 2i, if S i> X 2i, proceeds to step 607; if S i ⁇ X 2i, the process proceeds to step 608.
  • step 607 the oil replenishment process is stopped.
  • step 607 specifically opens the oil circuit between the pressure compensating device 3i and the power unit 4i, and opens the oil path between the first main oil path P1 and the pressure compensating device 3i and the oil storage tank 21.
  • the pressure monitoring method of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the invention can detect the pressure of the cavity of the pressure compensation device in real time and can realize automatic oil replenishment, can effectively provide pressure compensation for the power unit, and improve work efficiency.
  • step 608 it is determined whether the time T 1i of the oil storage tank 21 for replenishing oil is greater than a predetermined first time T 1imax . If T 1i > T 1imax , the process proceeds to step 609; if T 1i ⁇ T 1imax , the process proceeds to step 610.
  • step 609 the system alarms for maintenance, and T 1i is cleared. Then proceed to step 612.
  • Step 610 determining whether the time interval T 2i between the two adjacent oil supplements of the oil storage tank 21 is less than a predetermined second time T 2imin , if T 2i ⁇ T 2imin , proceeding to step 611; if T 2i ⁇ T 2imin , returning to the step 602.
  • Step 611 an alarm prompting, opening the first main oil passage P1, and opening the pressure compensation
  • the oil passage between the device 3i and the corresponding power unit 4i is directly pressurized by the first main oil passage P1 to the power unit 4i.
  • step 612 the system is shut down and the system is replenished.
  • the pressure compensating device 3i can count the amount of oil replenishment based on the displacement of the piston 32i each time the oil is replenished, and the switch control device 1 can determine whether the amount of oil V in the accumulator 21 is sufficient according to the amount of replenishment.
  • a method for calculating the amount of oil replenishment is that the displacement of the piston 32i is
  • V oi by counting the number of times of replenishment n i , the replenishing amount n i V oi can be obtained, and the total replenishing amount V o can be obtained by summing the replenishing amounts of the respective pressure compensating devices 3i, thereby obtaining the oil storage tank 21
  • the remaining amount of oil V another more accurate method of calculating the amount of oil is obtained by counting the displacement of each piston 32i to obtain the cumulative displacement X i of the piston 32i, multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the pressure compensating device 3i. each pressure compensation apparatus 3i to give the oil fill, after summing up the total amount of oil can be obtained V o, the reservoir tank 21 and further to obtain the amount of oil remaining in V.
  • the system When the system is started, when it is judged that the amount of oil V in the oil storage tank 21 is less than the preset system charge threshold V T , the system alarms to replenish the system.
  • the first shutoff valve 9 and the second shutoff valve 10 are opened to open the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3, and simultaneously open the vent hole of the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3, and pass through the third
  • the main oil passage P3 is filled with oil to the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3, and the oil in the oil storage bladder 22 is squeezed and discharged through the second main oil passage P2, and the oil storage bladder 22 is emptied, the pressure compensating device 3 and After the associated power unit 4 and the spare skin 5 are filled with oil, the first shutoff valve 9 and the second shutoff valve 10 are closed to cut off the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3.
  • the switch control device 1 controls the first reversing valve 6 to be opened so that the first main oil passage P1 fills the oil storage bladder 22 and cuts off the second reversing valve 7, at which time the pressure of the power unit 4 is balanced by the backup bladder 5.
  • the oil storage bag 22 is filled with oil, and the oil in the oil storage tank 21 is pushed into the pressure compensating device 3, and the piston 32 is pushed down until the position S of the piston 32 with respect to the pressure compensating device 3 is greater than X 2 , and the first change is closed.
  • the second reversing valve 7 is opened, at which time the pressure compensating device 3 is connected to the power unit 4 and the backup bladder 5, providing the power unit 4 with a pressure compensation higher than the original pressure.
  • the displacement sensor 31 can also be arranged at the bottom of the pressure compensating device 3 to measure the displacement S of the piston 32.
  • T 1 for charging the pressure compensating device 3 is counted. If T 1 is greater than the predetermined first time T 1max , it indicates that the oil supply device 2 and/or the pressure compensating device 3 has oil leakage, the system alarms for maintenance, and the previous statistics are T 1 is cleared, and the system refills the system after the system is repaired.
  • the pressure compensating device 3 can be automatically replenished a plurality of times, thereby reducing the number of times the system replenishes the oil. It is counted whether the time interval T 2 between two adjacent oil replenishment tanks 21 is less than a predetermined second time T 2min , and if T 2 ⁇ T 2min , the pressure compensating device 3 and/or the power unit 4 and/or the standby are illustrated.
  • the oil bag 5 has leaked oil.
  • the system alarms, T 2 is cleared, and the first reversing valve 6 and the second reversing valve 7 are opened to directly supply the temporary pressure compensation to the power unit 5, and then the shutdown and maintenance are performed. Re-system replenishment after repair.
  • the pressure compensating device 3 can count the amount of oil replenishment based on the displacement of the piston 32 each time the oil is replenished, and the switch control device 1 can determine whether the amount of oil V in the accumulator tank 21 is sufficient based on the amount of replenishment.
  • a method for calculating the amount of oil replenishment is that the displacement of the piston 32 is
  • V o by counting the number n of oil replenishment, the replenishing amount nV o can be obtained, and the remaining oil amount V in the oil storage tank 21 can be obtained; another more accurate statistical replenishment amount is by counting each time.
  • the displacement of the piston 32 obtains the cumulative displacement X of the piston 32, which is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the pressure compensating device 3 to obtain the total amount of replenishment, thereby obtaining the amount of oil V remaining in the reservoir 21.
  • the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention can automatically replenish the pressure compensating device 3 a plurality of times, thereby reducing the number of times of replenishing the system; in addition, even if the oil compensating device 3 leaks or the sealing unit of the power unit 4 is damaged or leaked Oil, the system can still keep the internal pressure of the power unit 4 higher than the outside world for a long time, and prevent external mud water from entering the inside of the power unit 4. Thus, the system greatly improves the reliability of the power unit 4.
  • the implementation of the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention includes N (N>1) pressure compensating devices 3i (1 ⁇ i ⁇ N), N power units 4i, and N spare skins 5i.
  • N N>1 pressure compensating devices 3i (1 ⁇ i ⁇ N)
  • N power units 4i N
  • N spare skins 5i N (N>1)
  • the system When the system is started, when it is judged that the amount of oil V in the oil storage tank 21 is less than the preset system charge threshold V T , the system alarms to replenish the system.
  • the first shutoff valve 9 and the second shutoff valve 10 are opened to open the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3, and simultaneously open the vent hole of the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3i through the third
  • the main oil passage P3 is filled with oil to the oil storage tank 21 and the pressure compensating device 3i, and the oil in the oil storage bladder 22 is squeezed and discharged through the second main oil passage P2, and the oil storage bladder 22 is emptied, the pressure compensating device 3i and After the associated power unit 4i and the spare bladder 5i are filled with oil, the first shutoff valve 9 and the second shutoff valve 10 are closed to cut off the second main oil passage P2 and the third main oil passage P3.
  • the switch control device 1 controls the first switching valve 6 to be opened so that the first main oil passage P1 fills the oil storage bladder 22 and cuts off the second switching valve 7i, at which time the pressure of the power unit 4i is balanced by the backup bladder 5i.
  • the oil storage bag 22 is filled with oil, and the oil in the oil storage tank 21 is pushed into the pressure compensating device 3i, and the piston 32i is pushed down until the position S i of the piston 32i relative to the pressure compensating device 3i is greater than X 2i , and the first is closed.
  • the reversing valve 6 opens the second reversing valve 7i, at which time the pressure compensating device 3i is connected to the power unit 4i and the standby bladder 5i, providing the power unit 4i with a pressure compensation higher than the original pressure.
  • the displacement sensor 31i can also be disposed at the bottom of the pressure compensating device 3i to measure the displacement S i of the piston 32i.
  • T 1i for charging the pressure compensating device 3i is counted. If T 1i is greater than the predetermined first time T 1imax , it indicates that the oil supply device 2 and/or the pressure compensating device 3i has oil leakage, the system alarms for maintenance, and the previous statistics are The T 1i is cleared, and the system is refilled after the system is repaired.
  • the pressure compensating device 3i can be automatically replenished a plurality of times, thereby reducing the number of times the system replenishes the oil. It is counted whether the time interval T 2i between the two adjacent oil supplements of the pressure accumulator 21 to the pressure compensating device 3i is less than a predetermined second time T 2imin , and if T 2i ⁇ T 2imin , the pressure compensating device 3i and/or the power unit 4i and / or spare skin 5i oil leakage occurs, the system alarms, T 2i is cleared, the first reversing valve 6 and the second reversing valve 7i are opened to directly provide temporary pressure compensation to the power unit 5i, and then Shut down for maintenance, and re-system the oil after the system is repaired.
  • the pressure compensating device 3i can count the amount of oil replenishment based on the displacement of the piston 32i each time the fuel is replenished, and the switch control device 1 can determine whether or not the amount of oil V in the accumulator tank 21 is sufficient based on the amount of replenishment.
  • a method for calculating the amount of oil replenishment is that the displacement of the piston 32i is
  • V oi by counting the number of times of replenishment n i , the replenishing amount n i V oi can be obtained, and the total replenishing amount V o can be obtained by summing the replenishing amounts of the respective pressure compensating devices 3i, thereby obtaining the oil storage tank 21
  • the remaining amount of oil V another more accurate method of calculating the amount of oil is obtained by counting the displacement of each piston 32i to obtain the cumulative displacement X i of the piston 32i, multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the pressure compensating device 3i. each pressure compensation apparatus 3i to give the oil fill, after summing up the total amount of oil can be obtained V o, the reservoir tank 21 and further to obtain the amount of oil remaining in V.
  • the self-contained pressure compensation system of the present invention can automatically replenish the plurality of pressure compensating devices 3i multiple times, thereby reducing the number of times of replenishing the system; in addition, even if the pressure compensating device 3i leaks or the power unit 4i seal assembly occurs Damage to the oil leakage, the system can still maintain the internal pressure of the power unit 4i higher than the outside world for a long time, preventing external muddy water from entering the inside of the power unit 4i. Thus, the system greatly improves the reliability of the power unit 4i.

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Abstract

一种自给式压力补偿系统，包括开关控制装置(1)、供油装置(2)、能够实时检测自身内腔压力变化的压力补偿装置(3)以及与压力补偿装置(3)相关联的动力单元(4)，压力补偿装置(3)向动力单元(4)供油；其中开关控制装置(1)参考压力补偿装置(3)的检测结果，若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限时，触发供油装置(2)向压力补偿装置(3)供油；若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限时，触发所述供油装置(2)停止向压力补偿装置(3)供油。该自给式压力补偿系统能够实时检测压力补偿装置(3)内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元(4)提供压力补偿。

Description

自给式压力补偿系统及控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及压力补偿领域，尤其涉及一种自给式压力补偿系统及控制方法。
背景技术
随着人类在水下甚至深海勘探施工的设备越来越多，使得压力补偿装置也越来越多的被应用于平衡施工设备动力单元的内部压力、降低动力单元对于密封的要求。对于受冲击较为强烈的动力单元，为了更好的实现密封效果，最好能够保证动力单元内部压力稍高于外界压力。
目前的增压式压力补偿装置大都是独立地应用于施工设备上，但是由于施工设备不可避免的漏油现象，导致增压式压力补偿装置的预压力逐渐变小，因此，需要经常性的提出水面进行人工补油。而现有的增压式压力补偿装置无法实时检测其内部的增压值，只能人工去观察压力补偿装置活塞的位置来判断是否需要补油。这一过程不仅降低施工效率，更为严重的是可能因无法及时补油而造成动力单元内部渗水的情况发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种自给式压力补偿系统及控制方法，能够实时检测压力补偿装置内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种自给式压力补偿系统，包括供油装置、压力补偿装置、与压力补偿装置相关联的动力单元和开关控制装置，其中：
压力补偿装置，用于向动力单元供油，还能够实时监测自身内 腔压力变化；
开关控制装置，用于根据压力补偿装置检测到的内腔压力，若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限时，触发供油装置向压力补偿装置供油；若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限时，触发供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油。
在一个实施例中，在供油装置向压力补偿装置供油时，开关控制装置断开压力补偿装置和动力单元之间的油路；在供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油时，开关控制装置开通压力补偿装置和动力单元之间的油路。
在一个实施例中，在压力补偿装置与动力单元连接油路上还连接有备用皮囊，用于在压力补偿装置和动力单元之间油路断开时，为动力单元提供压力补偿。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置包括位移传感器和活塞，位移传感器固定在压力补偿装置上端，活塞能够在压力补偿装置的内腔中上下移动；
位移传感器检测活塞相对于压力补偿装置上端的位置，若检测到的位置小于第一预定值时，则指示开关控制装置内腔压力小于预定的第一门限；若检测到的位置大于第二预定值时，则指示开关控制装置内腔压力大于预定的第二门限。
在一个实施例中，供油装置包括储油箱，储油箱中设有储油皮囊，储油皮囊与第一主油路连接；
开关控制装置具体在触发供油装置向压力补偿装置供油时，开通第一主油路，以便通过第一主油路向储油皮囊供油，储油皮囊因体积增大挤压储油箱中的油，通过储油箱与压力补偿装置之间的油路进入压力补偿装置，以便压力补偿装置中的活塞向下移动；在触发供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油时，切断第一主油路，以便停止向储油皮囊供油。
在一个实施例中，在第一主油路上设置第一换向阀，在压力补 偿装置和相关联的动力单元之间的油路上设置第二换向阀，分别由第一换向阀和第二换向阀控制相应油路的通断状态。
在一个实施例中，在储油箱和压力补偿装置之间的油路上设置单向阀，用于防止压力补偿装置中的油倒流回储油箱。
在一个实施例中，储油皮囊还与第二主油路连接，储油箱和压力补偿装置分别与第三主油路连接；
在系统补油阶段，开通第二主油路和第三主油路，以便通过第三主油路向储油箱和压力补偿装置供油，储油皮囊的油由于受到挤压而通过第二主油路排出；
在储油皮囊被排空、压力补偿装置及其相关联的动力单元和备用皮囊中充满油后，切断第二主油路和第三主油路。
在一个实施例中，储油箱具有可封闭排气孔，以便在系统补油阶段排出储油箱中的空气；
压力补偿装置具有可封闭排气孔，以便在系统补油阶段排出压力补偿装置中的空气。
在一个实施例中，储油箱上的可封闭排气孔设置在储油箱上方，压力补偿装置上的可封闭排气孔设置在压力补偿装置上方。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置的数量为N，N≥1。
在一个实施例中，开关控制装置具体在系统中的第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力小于预定的第一门限时，开通储油箱和第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路；若第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力大于预定的第二门限时，切断储油箱和第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路，其中1≤i≤N。
在一个实施例中，在储油箱和各压力补偿装置之间的油路上分别设置补偿换向阀；由补偿换向阀控制相应油路的通断状态。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种自给式压力补偿控制方法，
压力补偿装置实时监测自身内腔压力变化，其中压力补偿装置向动力单元供油；
若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限，触发供油装置向压力补偿装置供油；
若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限，触发供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油。
在一个实施例中，在供油装置向压力补偿装置供油时，还包括：
断开压力补偿装置和动力单元之间的油路；
在供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油时，还包括：
开通压力补偿装置和动力单元之间的油路。
在一个实施例中，在压力补偿装置和动力单元之间的油路断开时，备用皮囊为动力单元提供压力补偿。
在一个实施例中，上述任一涉及的方法中压力补偿装置实时监测自身内腔压力变化的步骤包括：
压力补偿装置中的位移传感器实时检测压力补偿装置中活塞相对于压力补偿装置上端的位置；
判断位置是否小于第一预定值；
若位置小于第一预定值，则确定内腔压力小于预定的第一门限；
若位置大于第二预定值，则确定内腔压力大于预定的第二门限。
在一个实施例中，触发供油装置向压力补偿装置供油的步骤包括：
开通第一主油路、以及压力补偿装置和储油箱之间的油路，以便通过第一主油路向储油皮囊供油，其中储油皮囊位于供油装置的储油箱中，储油皮囊因体积增大挤压储油箱中的油，通过储油箱与压力补偿装置之间的油路进入压力补偿装置；
触发供油装置停止向压力补偿装置供油的步骤包括：
断开第一主油路、以及压力补偿装置和储油箱之间的油路，以便停止向储油皮囊供油。
在一个实施例中，在系统补油阶段，开通第二主油路和第三主油路，以便通过第三主油路向储油箱和压力补偿装置供油，储油皮 囊的油由于受到挤压而通过第二主油路排出；
在储油皮囊被排空、压力补偿装置及其相关联的动力单元和备用皮囊中充满油后，切断第二主油路和第三主油路。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置的数量为N，N≥1；
当第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力小于预定的第一门限时，开通储油箱和第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路；
若第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力大于预定的第二门限时，切断储油箱和第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路，其中1≤i≤N。
本发明通过实时检测压力补偿装置内腔压力以实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明自给式压力补偿系统一个实施例的示意图。
图2为本发明自给式压力补偿系统另一个实施例的示意图。
图3为本发明自给式压力补偿系统又一个实施例的示意图。
图4为本发明自给式压力补偿控制方法一个实施例的示意图。
图5为本发明自给式压力补偿系统的压力监控方法一个实施例的示意图。
图6为本发明自给式压力补偿系统的压力监控方法另一个实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
图1为本发明自给式压力补偿系统一个实施例的示意图。如 图1所示，系统包括供油装置2、压力补偿装置3、与压力补偿装置3相关联的动力单元4和开关控制装置1，其中：
压力补偿装置3，用于向动力单元4供油，还能够实时监测自身内腔压力变化。
开关控制装置1，用于根据压力补偿装置3检测到的内腔压力，若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1时，触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油；若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2时，触发供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油。
本发明的自给式压力补偿系统能够实时检测压力补偿装置内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿，同时提高了工作效率。
在一个实施例中，如图1所示，在供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油时，开关控制装置1切断压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路；在供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油时，开关控制装置1开通压力补偿装置3与动力单元4之间的油路，以便为动力单元4提供压力补偿。
在一个实施例中，如图1所示，在压力补偿装置3与动力单元4连接油路上还连接有备用皮囊5，用于在压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间油路断开时，为动力单元4提供压力补偿。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明。图2为本发明自给式压力补偿系统另一个实施例的示意图。如图2所示，该系统中的压力补偿装置3包括位移传感器31和活塞32，活塞32能够在压力补偿装置3的内腔中上下移动，位移传感器31固定在压力补偿装置3的上端，能够检测活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3的上端的位置。在一个实施例中，活塞32和压力补偿装置3的上端通过弹簧连接，位移传感器31通过检测弹簧的拉伸长度来检测活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3的上端的位置S。具体地，在油压作用下，活塞32在压力补偿装置3的内腔中向下移动时会拉伸弹簧， 位移传感器31通过检测弹簧的拉伸量得到活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3的上端的位置S。
若位移传感器31检测到的位置S小于第一预定值X1时，则指示开关控制装置1(图2未示出)内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1，开关控制装置1切断压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路，同时触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油，此时由备用皮囊5向动力单元4供油。
若位移传感器31检测到的位置S大于第二预定值X2时，则指示开关控制装置1内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2，开关控制装置1触发供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油，同时开通压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路，以便向动力单元4增压。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，供油装置2包括储油箱21，储油箱21中设有储油皮囊22，储油皮囊22与第一主油路P1连接。
开关控制装置1在触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油时，开通第一主油路P1，以便通过第一主油路P1向储油皮囊22供油，由于储油箱21已充有油，因此第一主油路P1向储油皮囊22充油时，储油皮囊22体积增大，挤压储油箱21中的油通过储油箱21与压力补偿装置3之间的油路进入压力补偿装置3，推动活塞32向下移动，实现对压力补偿装置3的供油。开关控制装置1在触发供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油时，切断第一主油路P1，储油皮囊22体积不再增大，不再挤压储油箱21中的油，实现停止对压力补偿装置3供油。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，在第一主油路P1上设置第一换向阀6，在压力补偿装置3和相关联的动力单元4之间的油路上设置第二换向阀7，分别由第一换向阀6和第二换向阀7控制相应油路的通断状态。
优选的，第一换向阀6和第二换向阀7可以选用二位二通阀。 第一换向阀6为常断二位二通阀，开关控制装置1触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油时接通；第二换向阀7为常通二位二通阀，开关控制装置1触发切断压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路时断开。
进一步的，在储油箱21和压力补偿装置3之间的油路上设置单向阀8，用于防止压力补偿装置3中的油倒流回储油箱21。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，储油皮囊22还与第二主油路P2连接，储油箱21和压力补偿装置3分别与第三主油路P3连接。
具体的，在系统补油阶段，开通第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3，以便通过第三主油路P3向储油箱21和压力补偿装置3供油，储油皮囊22的油由于受到挤压而通过第二主油路P2排出；在储油皮囊22被排空、压力补偿装置3及其相关联的动力单元4和备用皮囊5中充满油后，切断第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3。
优选的，在第二主油路P2与储油皮囊22之间的油路设置第一截止阀9，以便控制第二主油路P2的通断；在第三主油路P3与储油箱21和压力补偿装置3之间的油路设置第二截止阀10，以便控制第三主油路P3的通断。具体通断操作可以通过人工进行，也可以通过设置控制单元自动完成。
进一步的，储油箱21和压力补偿装置3设置有可封闭排气孔(图2未示出)，用于在系统补油阶段排除内部的空气。
优选的，储油箱21上的可封闭排气孔设置在储油箱21上方，压力补偿装置3上的可封闭排气孔设置在压力补偿装置3上方。
优选的，在第一换向阀6与储油皮囊22之间的油路设置减压阀13和第一节流阀11，以防止第一主油路P1向储油皮囊22供油时压力过大对油路和储油皮囊22造成过大的冲击；在第二换向阀7与备用皮囊5和动力单元4之间的油路设置第二节流阀12，以防止压力补偿装置3给动力单元4增压时对备用皮囊5和动力单元4造成过大的冲击。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，供油装置2可以向N(N≥1)个压力补偿装置3供油。压力补偿装置3i(1≤i≤N)检测其相应的内腔压力，若压力补偿装置3i检测到内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1i时，开关控制装置1(图3未示出)开通储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i之间的油路，优选的，通过备用皮囊5i向动力单元4i供油；若压力补偿装置3i检测到内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2i时，切断储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i之间的油路，同时开通压力补偿装置3i与动力单元4i和备用皮囊5i之间的油路。
进一步的，在储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i之间的油路上设置补偿换向阀14i，以控制相应油路的通断状态，使各压力补偿装置3i能够独立完成各自的压力补偿过程。优选的，补偿换向阀14i为常断二位二通阀。
进一步的，如图2和图3所示的自给式压力补偿系统中压力补偿装置3可以根据每次补油时活塞32的位移统计补油量，进而开关控制装置1可以根据补油量判断储油箱21内的油量V是否充足，当V小于预设的系统补油门限VT时，对系统进行补油，压力补偿装置3统计的补油量清零，系统补油可以自动进行，也可以手动进行。
图4为本发明自给式压力补偿控制方法一个实施例的示意图。结合图2和图4，本实施例的自给式压力补偿控制方法包括：
步骤401，压力补偿装置3实时监测自身内腔压力变化，其中压力补偿装置3向动力单元4供油。
步骤402，若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1，触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油。
具体的，在供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油时，断开压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路。
优选的，在压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路断开时，由备用皮囊5为动力单元4提供压力补偿。
步骤403，若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2，触发供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油。
具体的，在供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油时，开通压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路。
本发明的自给式压力补偿控制方法能够实时检测压力补偿装置内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿，同时提高了工作效率。
进一步的，步骤401中压力补偿装置3实时监测自身内腔压力变化的步骤具体为，压力补偿装置3中的位移传感器31实时检测压力补偿装置3中活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3上端的位置S。若位移传感器31检测到的位置S小于第一预定值X1时，则确定内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1；若位移传感器31检测到的位置S大于第二预定值X2时，则确定内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2。
进一步的，步骤402中触发供油装置2向压力补偿装置3供油的步骤具体为，开通第一主油路P1，以便通过第一主油路P1向储油皮囊22供油，由于储油箱21已充有油，因此第一主油路P1向储油皮囊22充油时，储油皮囊22体积增大，挤压储油箱21中的油通过储油箱21与压力补偿装置3之间的油路进入压力补偿装置3，推动活塞32向下移动，实现对压力补偿装置3的供油。
进一步的，步骤403中触发供油装置2停止向压力补偿装置3供油的步骤具体为，断开第一主油路P1，储油皮囊22体积不再增大，不再挤压储油箱21中的油，实现停止对压力补偿装置3供油。
优选的，在系统补油阶段，开通第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3，以便通过第三主油路P3向储油箱21和压力补偿装置3供油，储油皮囊22的油由于受到挤压而通过第二主油路P2排出。 在储油皮囊22被排空、压力补偿装置3及其相关联的动力单元4和备用皮囊5中充满油后，切断第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置3的数量为N，N≥1，当第i个压力补偿装置3i检测到内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1i时，开通储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i之间的油路；若压力补偿装置3i检测到内腔压力大于预定的第二门限V2i时，切断储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i之间的油路，其中1≤i≤N。
图5为本发明自给式压力补偿系统的压力监控方法一个实施例的示意图。如图2、图5所示：
步骤501，启动系统。
步骤502，检测储油箱21中的油量V是否充足，当V小于系统补油门限VT时，进入步骤503，当V≥VT时，进入步骤504。
步骤503，系统报警。之后进入步骤512。
步骤504，检测活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3上端的位置S是否小于第一预定值X1，若S＜X1，进入步骤505；若S≥X1，进入步骤506。
步骤505，启动补油处理。之后进入步骤508。
在一个实施例中，步骤505具体为切断压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路，并开通第一主油路P1、以及压力补偿装置3和储油箱21之间的油路。
步骤506，判断活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3上端的位置S是否大于第二预定值X2，若S＞X2，进入步骤507；若S≤X2，则进入步骤508。
步骤507，停止补油处理。
在一个实施例中，步骤507具体为开通压力补偿装置3和动力单元4之间的油路，并断开第一主油路P1、以及压力补偿装置3和储油箱21之间的油路。
本发明的自给式压力补偿系统的压力监测方法能够实时检测压 力补偿装置内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿，同时提高了工作效率。
步骤508，判断储油箱21进行补油的时间T1是否大于预定的第一时间T1max，若T1＞T1max，进入步骤509；若T1≤T1max，则进入步骤510。
步骤509，系统报警，以便进行检修，T1清零。之后进入步骤512。
步骤510，判断储油箱21两次相邻补油之间的时间间隔T2是否小于预定的第二时间T2min，若T2＜T2min，进入步骤511；若T2≥T2min，返回步骤502。
步骤511，报警提示，开通第一主油路P1，并开通压力补偿装置3和相应动力单元4之间的油路，由第一主油路P1直接向动力单元4补油增压。
步骤512，停机，进行系统补油。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置3可以根据每次补油时活塞32的位移统计补油量，进而开关控制装置1可以根据补油量判断储油箱21内的油量V是否充足。一种统计补油量的方法为，每次补油时，活塞32位移为|X2-X1|，在已知压力补偿装置3横截面积的情况下，可以得到每次的补油量Vo，通过统计补油的次数n，可以得到补油量nVo，进而可以得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V；另一种更精确的统计补油量的方法为，通过统计每次活塞32的位移得到活塞32的累计位移量X，与压力补偿装置3的横截面积相乘得到总的补油量，进而得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V。
图6为本发明自给式压力补偿系统的压力监控方法另一个实施例的示意图。当本发明的自给式压力补偿系统给N(N＞1)个动力单元4i(1＜i≤N)压力补偿时，如图3和图6所示：
步骤601，启动系统。
步骤602，检测储油箱21中的油量V是否充足，当V小于 系统补油门限VT时，进入步骤603，当V≥VT时，进入步骤604。
步骤603，系统报警，之后进入步骤612。
步骤604，检测活塞32i相对于压力补偿装置3i上端的位置Si是否小于第一预定值X1i，若Si＜X1i，进入步骤605；若Si≥X1i，进入步骤606。
步骤605，启动补油处理。之后进入步骤608。
在一个实施例中，步骤605具体为切断压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i之间的油路，并开通第一主油路P1、以及压力补偿装置3i和储油箱21之间的油路。
步骤606，判断活塞32i相对于压力补偿装置3i上端的位置Si是否大于第二预定值X2i，若Si＞X2i，进入步骤607；若Si≤X2i，则进入步骤608。
步骤607，停止补油处理。
在一个实施例中，步骤607具体为开通压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i之间的油路，并断开第一主油路P1、以及压力补偿装置3i和储油箱21之间的油路。
本发明的自给式压力补偿系统的压力监测方法能够实时检测压力补偿装置内腔压力并能够实现自动补油，可有效为动力单元提供压力补偿，同时提高了工作效率。
步骤608，判断储油箱21进行补油的时间T1i是否大于预定的第一时间T1imax，若T1i＞T1imax，进入步骤609；若T1i≤T1imax，则进入步骤610。
步骤609，系统报警，以便进行检修，T1i清零。之后进入步骤612。
步骤610，判断储油箱21两次相邻补油之间的时间间隔T2i是否小于预定的第二时间T2imin，若T2i＜T2imin，进入步骤611；若T2i≥T2imin，返回步骤602。
步骤611，报警提示，开通第一主油路P1，并开通压力补偿 装置3i和相应动力单元4i之间的油路，由第一主油路P1直接向动力单元4i补油增压。
步骤612，停机，进行系统补油。
需要说明的是，由于不同的压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i的情况不同，需要的增压范围也不尽相同，因此，可以针对不同的压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i设定不同的X1i、X2i、T1imax和T2imin。
在一个实施例中，压力补偿装置3i可以根据每次补油时活塞32i的位移统计补油量，进而开关控制装置1可以根据补油量判断储油箱21内的油量V是否充足。一种统计补油量的方法为，每次补油时，活塞32i位移为|X2i-X1i|，在已知压力补偿装置3i横截面积的情况下，可以得到每次的补油量Voi，通过统计补油的次数ni，可以得到补油量niVoi，通过对各个压力补偿装置3i的补油量求和可以得到总补油量Vo，进而可以得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V；另一种更精确的统计补油量的方法为，通过统计每次活塞32i的位移得到活塞32i的累计位移量Xi，与压力补偿装置3i的横截面积相乘得到每个压力补偿装置3i的补油量，求和后可以得到总补油量Vo，进而得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V。
下面结合图2和图5，对本发明的自给式压力补偿系统包含一个压力补偿装置3、一个动力单元4和一个备用皮囊5的具体实施例进行说明。
启动系统，当判断储油箱21中的油量V小于预设的系统补油门限VT时，系统报警，对系统进行补油。系统补油阶段开启第一截止阀9、第二截止阀10以开通第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3，同时开启储油箱21和压力补偿装置3的排气孔，通过第三主油路P3对储油箱21和压力补偿装置3充油，储油皮囊22中的油受到挤压通过第二主油路P2排出，在储油皮囊22被排空、压力补偿装置3及其相关联的动力单元4和备用皮囊5中充满油 后，关闭第一截止阀9和第二截止阀10以切断第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3。
补偿系统工作阶段，当位移传感器31检测到活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3顶部的位移S小于第一预定值X1时，则指示开关控制装置1内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1，开关控制装置1控制第一换向阀6开启，以便第一主油路P1对储油皮囊22充油，切断第二换向阀7，此时动力单元4的压力由备用皮囊5平衡。储油皮囊22充油膨胀，挤压储油箱21中的油进入压力补偿装置3中，推动活塞32下移直至活塞32相对于压力补偿装置3的位置S大于X2时停止，关闭第一换向阀6，开启第二换向阀7，此时压力补偿装置3与动力单元4和备用皮囊5接通，为动力单元4提供一个高于原压力的压力补偿。需要指出的是，本领域技术人员可以根据本发明得到，位移传感器31也可以设置于压力补偿装置3的底部来测量活塞32的位移S。
统计对压力补偿装置3充油的时间T1，若T1大于预定的第一时间T1max，则说明供油装置2和/或压力补偿装置3出现漏油，系统报警检修，同时将之前统计的T1清零，待系统修复后重新系统补油。
由于储油箱21中的储油较多，因此可以多次自动的为压力补偿装置3补油，从而减少了系统补油的次数。统计储油箱21两次相邻补油之间的时间间隔T2是否小于预定的第二时间T2min，若T2＜T2min，则说明压力补偿装置3和/或动力单元4和/或备用皮囊5发生了漏油，此时系统报警，T2清零，开启第一换向阀6和第二换向阀7，以直接给动力单元5提供临时压力补偿，之后进行停机检修，待系统修复后重新系统补油。
压力补偿装置3可以根据每次补油时活塞32的位移统计补油量，进而开关控制装置1可以根据补油量判断储油箱21内的油量V是否充足。一种统计补油量的方法为，每次补油时，活塞32 位移为|X2-X1|，在已知压力补偿装置3横截面积的情况下，可以得到每次的补油量Vo，通过统计补油的次数n，可以得到补油量nVo，进而可以得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V；另一种更精确的统计补油量的方法为，通过统计每次活塞32的位移得到活塞32的累计位移量X，与压力补偿装置3的横截面积相乘得到总的补油量，进而得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V。
本发明的自给式压力补偿系统可以多次自动的为压力补偿装置3补油，从而减少了系统补油的次数；此外，即使发生了压力补偿装置3漏油或动力单元4密封组件发生损坏漏油，该系统依然能够长时间保持动力单元4内部压力高于外界，防止外界泥水进入动力单元4内部。因而，该系统极大的提高了动力单元4的可靠性。
下面结合图3和图6，对本发明的自给式压力补偿系统包含N(N＞1)个压力补偿装置3i(1＜i≤N)、N个动力单元4i和N个备用皮囊5i的具体实施例进行说明。
启动系统，当判断储油箱21中的油量V小于预设的系统补油门限VT时，系统报警，对系统进行补油。系统补油阶段开启第一截止阀9、第二截止阀10以开通第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3，同时开启储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i的排气孔，通过第三主油路P3对储油箱21和压力补偿装置3i充油，储油皮囊22中的油受到挤压通过第二主油路P2排出，在储油皮囊22被排空、压力补偿装置3i及其相关联的动力单元4i和备用皮囊5i中充满油后，关闭第一截止阀9和第二截止阀10以切断第二主油路P2和第三主油路P3。
补偿系统工作阶段，当位移传感器31i检测到活塞32i相对于压力补偿装置3i顶部的位移Si小于第一预定值X1i时，则指示开关控制装置1内腔压力小于预定的第一门限V1i，开关控制装置1控制第一换向阀6开启，以便第一主油路P1对储油皮囊22充 油，切断第二换向阀7i，此时动力单元4i的压力由备用皮囊5i平衡。储油皮囊22充油膨胀，挤压储油箱21中的油进入压力补偿装置3i中，推动活塞32i下移直至活塞32i相对于压力补偿装置3i的位置Si大于X2i时停止，关闭第一换向阀6，开启第二换向阀7i，此时压力补偿装置3i与动力单元4i和备用皮囊5i接通，为动力单元4i提供一个高于原压力的压力补偿。需要指出的是，本领域技术人员可以根据本发明得到，位移传感器31i也可以设置于压力补偿装置3i的底部来测量活塞32i的位移Si。
统计对压力补偿装置3i充油的时间T1i，若T1i大于预定的第一时间T1imax，则说明供油装置2和/或压力补偿装置3i出现漏油，系统报警检修，同时将之前统计的T1i清零，待系统修复后重新系统补油。
由于储油箱21中的储油较多，因此可以多次自动的为压力补偿装置3i补油，从而减少了系统补油的次数。统计储油箱21给压力补偿装置3i两次相邻补油之间的时间间隔T2i是否小于预定的第二时间T2imin，若T2i＜T2imin，则说明压力补偿装置3i和/或动力单元4i和/或备用皮囊5i发生了漏油，此时系统报警，T2i清零，开启第一换向阀6和第二换向阀7i，以直接给动力单元5i提供临时压力补偿，之后进行停机检修，待系统修复后重新系统补油。
压力补偿装置3i可以根据每次补油时活塞32i的位移统计补油量，进而开关控制装置1可以根据补油量判断储油箱21内的油量V是否充足。一种统计补油量的方法为，每次补油时，活塞32i位移为|X2i-X1i|，在已知压力补偿装置3i横截面积的情况下，可以得到每次的补油量Voi，通过统计补油的次数ni，可以得到补油量niVoi，通过对各个压力补偿装置3i的补油量求和可以得到总补油量Vo，进而可以得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V；另一种更精确的统计补油量的方法为，通过统计每次活塞32i的位移得到活塞32i的累计位移量Xi，与压力补偿装置3i的横截面积相乘得到每 个压力补偿装置3i的补油量，求和后可以得到总补油量Vo，进而得到储油箱21中剩余的油量V。
需要说明的是，由于不同的压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i的情况不同，需要的增压范围也不尽相同，因此，可以针对不同的压力补偿装置3i和动力单元4i设定不同的X1i、X2i、T1imax和T2imin。
本发明的自给式压力补偿系统可以多次自动的为多个压力补偿装置3i补油，从而减少了系统补油的次数；此外，即使发生了压力补偿装置3i漏油或动力单元4i密封组件发生损坏漏油，该系统依然能够长时间保持动力单元4i内部压力高于外界，防止外界泥水进入动力单元4i内部。因而，该系统极大的提高了动力单元4i的可靠性。
本发明的描述是为了示例和描述起见而给出的，而并不是无遗漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显然的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本发明的原理和实际应用，并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种自给式压力补偿系统，其特征在于，包括供油装置、压力补偿装置、与所述压力补偿装置相关联的动力单元和开关控制装置，其中：
    所述压力补偿装置，用于向所述动力单元供油，还能够实时监测自身内腔压力变化；
    所述开关控制装置，用于根据所述压力补偿装置检测到的内腔压力，若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限时，触发所述供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油；若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限时，触发所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，
    在所述供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油时，所述开关控制装置断开所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间的油路；在所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油时，所述开关控制装置开通所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间的油路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，
    在所述压力补偿装置与所述动力单元连接油路上还连接有备用皮囊，用于在所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间油路断开时，为所述动力单元提供压力补偿。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述压力补偿装置包括位移传感器和活塞，所述位移传感器固定在所述压力补偿装置上端，所述活塞能够在所述压力补偿装置的内腔中上下移动；
    所述位移传感器检测所述活塞相对于所述压力补偿装置上端的 位置，若检测到所述位置小于第一预定值时，则指示所述开关控制装置内腔压力小于所述预定的第一门限；若检测到所述位置大于第二预定值时，则指示所述开关控制装置内腔压力大于所述预定的第二门限。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述供油装置包括储油箱，所述储油箱中设有储油皮囊，所述储油皮囊与第一主油路连接；
    所述开关控制装置具体在触发所述供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油时，开通所述第一主油路，以便通过所述第一主油路向所述储油皮囊供油，所述储油皮囊因体积增大挤压所述储油箱中的油，通过所述储油箱与所述压力补偿装置之间的油路进入所述压力补偿装置，以便所述压力补偿装置中的所述活塞向下移动；在触发所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油时，切断所述第一主油路，以便停止向所述储油皮囊供油。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，
    在所述第一主油路上设置第一换向阀，在所述压力补偿装置和相关联的所述动力单元之间的油路上设置第二换向阀，分别由所述第一换向阀和所述第二换向阀控制相应油路的通断状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，
    在所述储油箱和所述压力补偿装置之间的油路上设置单向阀，用于防止所述压力补偿装置中的油倒流回所述储油箱。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述储油皮囊还与第二主油路连接，所述储油箱和所述压力补偿装置分别与第三主油路连接；
    在系统补油阶段，开通所述第二主油路和所述第三主油路，以便通过所述第三主油路向所述储油箱和所述压力补偿装置供油，所述储油皮囊的油由于受到挤压而通过所述第二主油路排出；
    在所述储油皮囊被排空、所述压力补偿装置及其相关联的所述动力单元和所述备用皮囊中充满油后，切断所述第二主油路和所述第三主油路。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述储油箱具有可封闭排气孔，以便在所述系统补油阶段排出所述储油箱中的空气；
    所述压力补偿装置具有可封闭排气孔，以便在所述系统补油阶段排出所述压力补偿装置中的空气。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述储油箱上的可封闭排气孔设置在所述储油箱上方，所述压力补偿装置上的可封闭排气孔设置在所述压力补偿装置上方。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，
    所述压力补偿装置的数量为N，N≥1；
    所述开关控制装置具体在系统中的第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力小于所述预定的第一门限时，开通所述储油箱和所述第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路；若所述第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力大于所述预定的第二门限时，切断所述储油箱和所述第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路，其中1≤i≤N。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其特征在于，
    在所述储油箱和所述各压力补偿装置之间的油路上分别设置补偿换向阀；由所述补偿换向阀控制相应油路的通断状态。
  13. 一种自给式压力补偿控制方法，其特征在于，
    压力补偿装置实时监测自身内腔压力变化，其中所述压力补偿装置向动力单元供油；
    若内腔压力小于预定的第一门限，触发供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油；
    若内腔压力大于预定的第二门限，触发所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油时，还包括：
    断开所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间的油路；
    在所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油时，还包括：
    开通所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间的油路。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述压力补偿装置和所述动力单元之间的油路断开时，备用皮囊为所述动力单元提供压力补偿。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述压力补偿装置实时监测自身内腔压力变化的步骤包括：
    所述压力补偿装置中的位移传感器实时检测所述压力补偿装置中活塞相对于所述压力补偿装置上端的位置；
    判断所述位置是否小于第一预定值；
    若所述位置小于所述第一预定值，则确定内腔压力小于所述预定的第一门限；
    若所述位置不小于所述第一预定值，则进一步判断所述活塞的位置是否大于第二预定值；
    若所述位置大于所述第二预定值，则确定内腔压力大于所述预定的第二门限。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，
    触发供油装置向所述压力补偿装置供油的步骤包括：
    开通第一主油路，以便通过所述第一主油路向所述储油皮囊供油，其中所述储油皮囊位于所述供油装置的储油箱中，所述储油皮囊因体积增大挤压所述储油箱中的油，通过所述储油箱与所述压力补偿装置之间的油路进入所述压力补偿装置；
    触发所述供油装置停止向所述压力补偿装置供油的步骤包括：
    断开所述第一主油路，以便停止向所述储油皮囊供油。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在系统补油阶段，开通第二主油路和第三主油路，以便通过所述第三主油路向所述储油箱和所述压力补偿装置供油，所述储油皮囊的油由于受到挤压而通过所述第二主油路排出；
    在所述储油皮囊被排空、所述压力补偿装置及其相关联的所述动力单元和所述备用皮囊中充满油后，切断所述第二主油路和所述第三主油路。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述压力补偿装置的数量为N，N≥1；
    当第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力小于所述预定的第一门限时，开通所述储油箱和所述第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路；
    若所述第i个压力补偿装置检测到内腔压力大于所述预定的第二门限时，切断所述储油箱和所述第i个压力补偿装置之间的油路，其中1≤i≤N。
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