WO2016048509A1 - Positionnement assisté dispositif à dispositif dans des technologies cellulaires sans fil - Google Patents

Positionnement assisté dispositif à dispositif dans des technologies cellulaires sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016048509A1
WO2016048509A1 PCT/US2015/046329 US2015046329W WO2016048509A1 WO 2016048509 A1 WO2016048509 A1 WO 2016048509A1 US 2015046329 W US2015046329 W US 2015046329W WO 2016048509 A1 WO2016048509 A1 WO 2016048509A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
location
positioning reference
ues
reference signal
target
Prior art date
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PCT/US2015/046329
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexey Khoryaev
Sergey PANTELEEV
Mikhail Shilov
Andrey Chervyakov
Yang Tang
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Intel Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intel Corporation filed Critical Intel Corporation
Priority to EP15757399.9A priority Critical patent/EP3198897B1/fr
Priority to CN201580044057.4A priority patent/CN106662634A/zh
Priority to CN202210144793.9A priority patent/CN114449653A/zh
Priority to JP2017512902A priority patent/JP2017527806A/ja
Publication of WO2016048509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016048509A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0284—Relative positioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0072—Transmission between mobile stations, e.g. anti-collision systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Definitions

  • Wireless networks provide network connectivity, through radio interfaces, to mobile communication devices, such as smart phones.
  • positioning services that determine the location of a communication device, can be a desirable feature. For instance, determining the location of a mobile device can be important when providing navigation services, emergency services, or for other services that may be provided for the mobile device.
  • Enhanced Cell ID ECID
  • Assisted Global Navigation Satellite Systems Assisted Global Navigation Satellite Systems
  • OTDOA downlink Observed Time Difference of Arrival
  • obtaining accurate positioning using wireless technologies suffers from multiple challenges that can result, in many situations, in coarse location accuracy.
  • the challenges may include poor performance in indoor environments due to high penetration loss and the Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) nature of signal propagation from the sources of positioning signals.
  • NLOS Non-Line-of-Sight
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example overview of an implementation described herein
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example environment in which systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using anchor UEs;
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using non-anchored UEs, called assisting UEs herein;
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using a combination of anchor UEs and assisting UEs;
  • Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example process that may be used to determine the location of a target UE when Sidelink channels are available between the target UE and one or more other UEs;
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example process that may be used to determine the location of target UE based on uplink transmissions from the target UE;
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram of example components of a device.
  • Techniques described herein may provide for the determination of the position of mobile devices based on information communicated through device-to-device (D2D) communications to obtain additional measurements of position metrics that can be used to determine relative or absolute positions of the mobile devices.
  • the additional position metrics may be used, in conjunction with metrics obtained through traditional positioning techniques, to more accurately determine device positions.
  • User Equipment may include processing circuitry to: connect with a cellular network via a radio interface; connect with one or more other UEs, using the radio interface, to form a direct connection with the other UEs; receive, via the direct connection with the other UEs, first positioning reference signals from which first timing information, relating distances between the UE and other UEs, is derivable; determine, based on the first positioning reference signals, first position metrics that relate to a position of the UE with respect to the other UEs; receive, via the cellular network, a second positioning reference signal from which second timing information, relating to distance between the UE and a base station associated with the cellular network, is derivable; determine, based on the second positioning reference signal, a second position metric that relates to a position of the UE with respect to the base station; and determine, based at least on the first and second position metrics, a location of the UE.
  • first positioning reference signals from which first timing information, relating distances between the UE and other UEs,
  • the processing circuitry when determining the location of the UE, may calculate the location of the UE using multilateration-based or proximity detection techniques. Alternatively or additionally, the processing circuitry, when determining the location of the UE, may: transmit, via the cellular network, the first and second position metrics to a location server; and receive, from the location server, an indication of the location of the UE.
  • the processing circuitry may decode payload data, associated with the first positioning reference signals, to obtain an indication of a location of one or more of the other UEs. Additionally, in some implementations, the processing circuitry may receive a number of positioning reference signals, from a corresponding number of the other UEs, wherein timing information, associated with the positioning reference signals, is synchronized based on a synchronization procedure performed via the cellular network.
  • the first timing information may be synchronized, with the other UEs, based on a two-way timing estimation performed between the UE and the other UEs.
  • the first position metrics may include one or more of: positioning reference signal time of arrival; differences in time of arrival between positioning reference signals; differences in time of arrival between a positioning reference signal and a reference clock; positioning reference signal received power; positioning reference signal received quality; timing estimation accuracy indicators; location information; or timing information sufficient for solution of location equations.
  • the processing circuitry is further to: receive configuration information, via the cellular network, relating to a configuration of the first positioning reference signals.
  • the location of the UE may be determined locally, by the UE, by an application that receives at least the first and second position metrics from lower layer processing at the UE.
  • a UE may include a radio interface; a computer-readable medium to store processor executable instructions; and processing circuitry to execute the processor executable instructions.
  • the processing circuitry may execute the instructions to: connect, via a Sidelink channel associated with the radio interface, with a second
  • UE that is in proximity to the UE; connect, via the radio interface, with a cellular network; transmit, to the second UE and over the Sidelink channel, a first positioning reference signal from which first timing information, relating to a distance between the UE and second UE, is derivable; transmit, via the radio interface, a second positioning reference signal from which second timing information, relating to a distance between the UE and a base station associated with the cellular network, is derivable; and receive, from a location server and via the radio interface, a location of the UE that was determined based at least on the first and second positioning reference signals.
  • a location sever may include processing circuitry to: store indications of locations of a number of anchor UEs deployed as part of a wireless network; receive first position metrics from the anchor UEs, the first position metrics including information relating to a position of a target UE relative to the anchor UEs; receive second position metrics relating to a position of the target UE relative to base stations in a wireless cellular network; and calculate, based on the first and second position metrics, a location of the target UE.
  • the first position metrics may be based on communication of positioning reference signals exchanged over Sidelink channels formed between the target UE and the anchor UEs.
  • the anchor UEs may each be associated with a fixed location.
  • the processing circuitry is further to: receive third position metrics from a number of non-anchor UEs, wherein the calculation of the location of the target UE is additionally based on the third position metrics.
  • the processing circuitry is further to: transmit the calculated location of the target UE to the target UE.
  • a method may include connecting with a cellular network using a radio interface; connecting with a second UE, using the radio interface, to form a direct connection with the second UE; receiving, via the direct connection with the second UE, a first positioning reference signal from which first timing information, relating to distance between the UE and second UE, is derivable; determining, based on the first positioning reference signal, a first position metric that relates to a position of the UE with respect to the second UE; receiving, via the cellular network, a second positioning reference signal from which second timing information, relating to distance between the UE and a base station associated with the cellular network, is derivable; determining, based on the second positioning reference signal, a second position metric that relates to a position of the UE with respect to the base station; and determining, based at least on the first and second position metrics, a location of the UE.
  • a UE may include means for connecting with a cellular network using a radio interface; means for connecting with a second UE, using the radio interface, to form a direct connection with the second UE; means for receiving, via the direct connection with the second UE, a first positioning reference signal from which first timing information, relating to distance between the UE and second UE, is derivable; means for determining, based on the first positioning reference signal, a first position metric that relates to a position of the UE with respect to the second UE; means for receiving, via the cellular network, a second positioning reference signal from which second timing information, relating to distance between the UE and a base station associated with the cellular network, is derivable; means for determining, based on the second positioning reference signal, a second position metric that relates to a position of the UE with respect to the base station; and means for determining, based at least on the first and second position metrics, a location of the UE.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example overview of an implementation described herein.
  • a base station such as one associated with a wireless cellular network, may communicate with a mobile device (called User Equipment (UE)), labeled as UE_A.
  • UE_A may also communicate directly with another UE, labeled as UE_B, to implement a D2D discovery or communication channel.
  • the D2D discovery or communication channel may be referred to as a Sidelink channel.
  • a location server may perform positioning services for the wireless network and/or for the UEs.
  • the location server may, for example, obtain a number of parameters, potentially including parameters relating to different types of measured position metrics (e.g., signal timing data, signal received power data) and/or parameters relating to calculated positions (e.g., coordinate data obtained from satellite assisted position systems or pre-configured during terminal installation, distance measurement relative to a reference node), and based on the parameters, determine a location (e.g., a geographical position) of UE_A.
  • the location server may alternatively or additionally determine the current speed and/or direction of travel for UE_A.
  • At least some of the position metrics may be obtained from the Sidelink channel.
  • UE_A and UE_B may transmit and receive positioning signals (e.g., reference signals and/or reference signals accompanied with data (payload)), over the Sidelink channel, based on which the position metrics may be calculated.
  • the position metrics obtained over the Sidelink channel may be combined, such as by the location server, with traditional position metrics (e.g., obtained via UE-eNB link(s)), to obtain a more accurate determination of the target UE's (e.g., UE_A) location.
  • the location of UE_B may be known in a relatively precise manner.
  • the position of UE_B may have been accurately determined using traditional positioning techniques (e.g., UE_B may be outdoors and have good line-of-sight links with global positioning satellites) or UE_B may be a fixed device installed by an operator of the wireless network.
  • UE_B When installed at a fixed location, UE_B may be referred to as an "anchor" device.
  • anchor terminal may be a terminal that reliably knows its own coordinate. The presence of anchor devices, in the vicinity of UE_A, may assist in obtaining a more accurate location determination.
  • the location server may be omitted and the location of UE_A may be determined by UE_A and/or by another device.
  • the positioning in this case may be done at the UE side, e.g. running a self-positioning application that takes into account information about signal location parameters from either sidelink and/or cellular links.
  • Using positioning metrics, obtained from Sidelink channels, may lead to improved UE location determination in a number of ways. For example, by using nearby UEs to assist in location determination, an increased number of sources may be used to obtain positioning metrics. That is, the deployment density of other UEs can be higher than the density of the deployed base stations. Additionally, as mentioned, in positioning scenarios that are particularly challenging, anchor UEs may be intentionally preinstalled inside buildings to increase location accuracy. Installing additional anchor UEs can potentially be a cost effective solution relative to the cost of installing more base stations. Moreover, in future cellular systems, in order to effectively support vehicular to vehicular applications, road infrastructure units (based on UE implementation) can be installed and may serve as an anchor nodes for terminal positioning using D2D air-interface.
  • Sidelink channels tend to be created based on proximity
  • the fact that a Sidelink channel exists can be used to improve location determination for a target UE. That is, the UE with known coordinates can provide a rough position estimate of the target UE.
  • the power being used for the Sidelink channel can additionally be a factor that is used to determine the location of the target UE (e.g., a low power Sidelink channel may indicate that the target UE is close). The presence of other UEs in proximity can further improve positioning accuracy.
  • Sidelink channels in position determination may be used to correct inaccuracies due to the hearability problem.
  • the hearability problem may tend to occur in indoor environments, where due to significant wall penetration loss, UEs may typically be able to detect a smaller number of base stations relative to being outdoors.
  • Using Sidelink channels associated with other UEs, such as anchor UEs may reduce the indoor hearability problem.
  • the anchor UEs may perform functions in addition to location determination assistance.
  • the anchor UEs may include smart meters, advertisement devices providing advertisement in shopping malls, or other UEs for which location determination assistance is not the primary function.
  • three-dimensional positioning accuracy may be improved substantially, especially for the vertical coordinate, which may typically have poor accuracy, since base stations tend to be deployed at approximately the same height and may be positioned relatively far from one another that lead to large geometrical dilution of vertical positioning precision.
  • Sidelink channels in position determination may be used to improve the estimation accuracy of conventional position determination techniques. Due to the proximate nature of Sidelink communication, the propagation conditions between UEs, in a Sidelink channel, may be better relative to the base station to UE propagation conditions. For instance, the chance of having a line-of-sight link may be higher due to shorter distance and thus the effect of distortion due to non-line-of-sight links can be reduced. In addition, the signal to noise ratio on Sidelink channels may be better than UE to base station links.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example environment 200 in which systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented. As illustrated, environment 200 may include UEs 210, 212, and 214. Although three UEs are illustrated in Fig. 2, in practice, environment 200 may include more or fewer UEs.
  • Wireless network 220 may include one or more networks that provide wireless network connectivity to UEs 210-214.
  • wireless network 220 may represent a wireless network that provides cellular wireless coverage.
  • wireless network 220 may be associated with a 3GPP/Long Term Evolution (LTE) based-network.
  • Wireless network 220 may include a Radio Access Network (RAN) that includes one or more base stations 225 and an evolved packet core (EPC).
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • base station 225 may be referred to as an evolved node B (eNB).
  • the EPC may include serving gateway (SGW) 230, mobility management entity (MME) 235, and packet data network gateway (PGW) 240.
  • SGW serving gateway
  • MME mobility management entity
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • HSS 250 and location server 260 which may be associated with the EPC, wireless network 220, or with an external network, are also illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • UEs 210-214 may each include a portable computing and communication devices, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone, a cellular phone, a laptop computer with connectivity to a cellular wireless network, a tablet computer, etc.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • UEs 210-214 may also include non-portable computing devices, such as desktop computers, consumer or business appliances, or other devices that have the ability to connect to wireless network 220.
  • UEs 210- 214 may connect, through a radio link, to wireless network 220.
  • UEs 210-214 may include radio interfaces that allow UEs 210-214 to connect, via direct wireless connections, to one another.
  • UEs 210-214 may each include a first radio transceiver to connect to a cellular access network, such as a 3 GPP/Long Term Evolution (LTE) based-network (i.e., wireless network 220), and a second radio transceiver to implement WiFi- based communications (e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11- based communications).
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • WiFi- based communications e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11- based communications.
  • UEs 210-214 may discover one another through direct discovery or with the assistance of wireless network 220.
  • UEs 210-214 may then connect directly to one another (e.g., via a WiFi direct path or through an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) direct communication path that does not use wireless network 220) to engage in Sidelink communications.
  • E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
  • eNB 225 may include one or more network devices that receive, process, and/or transmit traffic destined for and/or received from UEs 210-214. eNB 225 may provide the wireless (i.e., radio) interface with UEs 210-214.
  • SGW 230 may include one or more network devices that route data of a traffic flow.
  • SGW 230 may aggregate traffic received from one or more eNBs 225 and may send the aggregated traffic to an external network via PGW 240.
  • SGW 230 may also act as a mobility anchor during inter-base station handovers.
  • MME 235 may include one or more computation and communication devices that act as a control-node for eNB 225 and/or other devices that provide the air interface for wireless network 220. For example, MME 235 may perform operations to UEs 210-214 with wireless network 220, to establish bearer channels (e.g., traffic flows) associated with a session with UEs 210-214, to hand off UEs 210-214 to another network, and/or to perform other operations. MME 235 may perform policing operations on traffic destined for and/or received from UEs 210-214.
  • bearer channels e.g., traffic flows
  • PGW 240 may include one or more network devices that may aggregate traffic received from one or more SGWs 230, and may send the aggregated traffic to an external network. PGW 240 may also, or alternatively, receive traffic from the external network and may send the traffic toward UEs 210-214 via SGW 230, and/or eNB 225.
  • HSS 250 may include one or more devices that may manage, update, and/or store, in a memory associated with HSS 250, profile information associated with a subscriber.
  • the profile information may identify applications and/or services that are permitted for and/or accessible by the subscriber; a mobile directory number (MDN) associated with the subscriber; bandwidth or data rate thresholds associated with the applications and/or services; and/or other information.
  • MDN mobile directory number
  • the subscriber may be associated with UEs 210-214.
  • HSS 250 may perform authentication, authorization, and/or accounting operations associated with the subscriber and/or a communication session with UEs 210-214.
  • Location server 260 may represent functionality, implemented by one or more network devices, to perform position determination functions for UEs 210-214.
  • location server 260 may receive and store parameters, relating to location determination, from UEs 210- 214, eNBs 225, or from other devices. Some network devices may be located at a fixed, known location. For example, eNBs 225 and anchor UEs 210-214 may be installed at a fixed location. Location server 260 may store the locations of these devices. Location server 260 may periodically or occasionally calculate the locations of UEs 210-214 and maintain an up-to-date data structure that indicates the current positions of UEs 210-214. Based on the parameters, and based on the known locations of various devices, location server 260 may determine the current location of a target UE, such as one of UEs 210-214, using location calculation techniques, such as multilateration-based or proximity detection based techniques.
  • location server 260 may determine the current location of a target UE, such as one of UEs
  • the quantity of devices and/or networks, illustrated in Fig. 2, is provided for explanatory purposes only. In practice, there may be additional devices and/or networks; fewer devices and/or networks; different devices and/or networks; or differently arranged devices and/or networks than illustrated in Fig. 2. Alternatively, or additionally, one or more of the devices of environment 200 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another one or more of the devices of environment 200.
  • Anchor UEs may include UEs that are installed, by a network provider, at fixed locations for the purpose of acting as an anchor terminal.
  • an anchor UE may also include a mobile UE (such as one in use by a user) for which the location of the UE accurately known (e.g., the UE may be outdoors and in a region for which accurate positioning is possible using satellite positioning
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using anchor UEs.
  • Anchor UEs 320 and 330 may be in the vicinity of target UE 310.
  • Target UE 310 may be attached to serving eNB 340.
  • two other eNBs, shown as neighboring eNBs 350 and 360, may be close enough to target UE 310, so it can receive positioning reference signals from neighboring eNBs 350 and 360.
  • eNBs 340-360 may include internal reference clocks that are synchronized with respect to one another. Additionally, eNBs 340-360 may broadcast synchronization signals to synchronize the reference clocks of UEs 310-330. The synchronization of the reference clocks at eNBs 340-360 and UEs 310-360 may allow for positioning reference signals to be transmitted and for timing information to be extracted by a receiving UE, such as target UE 310. In some implementations, the reference clocks of UEs 310-330, instead of being synchronized by synchronization signals from an eNB, may be synchronized based on one of UEs 310-330 transmitting the synchronization or reference signals.
  • anchor UEs 320-330 may be configured to remain in the sleep or low-power mode for the majority of the time, but be configured, such as by eNBs 340-360, to wake up at predetermined intervals to process the synchronization signals and/or transmit positioning reference signals for the purpose of D2D assisted positioning.
  • target UE 310 may receive positioning reference signals from eNBs 340-360 and anchor UEs 320 and 330.
  • the positioning reference signals from anchor UEs 320 and 330 may include signals transmitted over direct Sidelink channels.
  • the positioning reference signals from eNBs 340-360 may include signals transmitted over the cellular links associated with wireless network 220.
  • the positioning reference signal received by target UE 310 may include timing information, which may relate to a distance between target UE 310 and the transmitting source. For example, differences in the timing information from the various sources (e.g., eNBs 340-360 and anchor UEs 320 and 330) and/or signal time of arrival values may correspond to a distance of target UE 310 from the transmitting source.
  • multilateration-based techniques may be applied to the calculated distances to determine the location of target UE 310.
  • target UE 310 may autonomously detect the anchor UEs that are in proximity of target UE 310. Alternatively or additionally, target UE 310 may receive information, from serving eNB 340, that indicates a set of potential nearby anchor UEs. The information from serving eNB 310 may include configuration information relating to the positioning reference signal.
  • arcs 372-380 may each indicate an arc of a particular distance from a transmitting source.
  • the point at which the various arcs intersect may correspond to the location of target UE 310.
  • arc 372 correspond to a particular distance from serving eNB 340;
  • arc 374 may correspond to a particular distance from neighboring eNB 360,
  • arc 376 may correspond to a particular distance from neighboring eNB 350;
  • arc 378 may correspond to a particular distance from anchor UE 320;
  • arc 380 may correspond to a particular distance from anchor UE 330.
  • the calculation of the location of target UE 310 may be performed by target UE 310.
  • the calculation of the location of target UE 310 may be performed by, or with the assistance of, location server 260.
  • location server 260 For example,
  • UEs 310-330 and eNBs 340-360 may transmit, via wireless network 220, positioning metrics derived from the positioning reference signals, as well as potentially other information, such as measured values relating to signal strength of the positioning reference signals, to location server 260.
  • positioning metrics derived from the positioning reference signals as well as potentially other information, such as measured values relating to signal strength of the positioning reference signals, to location server 260.
  • Sidelink channels to obtain additional positioning metrics, the location of target UE 310 may potentially be more accurately determined relative to an implementation in which position metrics are obtained only based on communications with eNBs 340-360.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using non-anchored UEs (also called assisting UEs herein).
  • Target UE 310 may be able to form Sidelink channels with nearby assisting UEs 420, 425, and 430.
  • Assisting UEs 420-430 may be mobile UEs that are not anchored.
  • the location of assisting UEs 420-430 may not be known or may not be accurately known.
  • Target UE 310 may be attached to serving eNB 340 and may be able to receive positioning reference signals from neighboring UEs 350 and 360.
  • the coordinates of assisting UEs 420-430 may not be known in advance to assisting UEs 420-430 and/or at location server 260. Instead, the relative position of assisting UEs 420-430 and target UE 310 may be estimated jointly by collecting the results of the position metrics obtained from the Sidelink channels (i.e., the UE-UE position metrics). In some implementations, the relative positions of assisting UEs 420-430 may be combined with absolute position estimations (position estimations determined based on positioning reference signals transmitted by the eNBs).
  • first position metrics based on the exchange of positioning reference signals between the UEs
  • second position metrics based on positioning reference signals transmitted from the eNBs to the UEs
  • Location server 260 may combine the first and second position metrics to calculate a relatively accurate absolute location for target UE 310.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram conceptually illustrating position determination, of a target UE, using a combination of anchor UEs and assisting UEs.
  • Fig. 5 assume it is desired to obtain the location of target UE 310.
  • Target UE 310 may be able to form Sidelink channels with nearby anchor UEs 320-330 and with assisting UEs 420-430.
  • location determination can be applied based on position metrics received from both the anchored UEs and the assisting UEs, as well as based on position metrics obtained with respect to serving eNB 340 and/or neighboring eNBs 350-360.
  • location server 260 may use multilateration-based techniques, based on position metrics received from anchor UEs 320- 330, assisting UEs 420-430, eNBs 340-360, stored location coordinates of anchor UEs 320-330 and eNBs 340-360, to obtain a relatively accurate three-dimensional location of target UE 310.
  • Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 600 that may be used to determine the location of a target UE when Sidelink channels are available between the target UE and one or more other UEs.
  • the other UEs may include anchored and non- anchored UEs.
  • process 600 will primarily be described based on observed Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) positioning technologies, other positioning technologies, such as those based on Time Of Arrival (TOA), may alternatively be used.
  • TDOA Time Difference of Arrival
  • TOA Time Of Arrival
  • Process 600 may include receiving, by the target UE, positioning reference signals (block 610).
  • the positioning reference signals may be signals received from other UEs, such as anchor UEs or non-anchored UEs, and/or from eNBs.
  • the positioning reference signals may include signals that were transmitted using spectrum resources defined by the wireless network.
  • control signaling may be transmitted or broadcast to UEs 210-214 to configure the UEs to use particular spectrum resources for the positioning reference signals and/or to use particular timing parameters (e.g., parameters relating to particular uplink timing values, downlink timing values, Timing Advance values and/or other values), configuration parameters, or other parameters.
  • timing parameters e.g., parameters relating to particular uplink timing values, downlink timing values, Timing Advance values and/or other values
  • configuration parameters e.g., configuration parameters, or other parameters.
  • the positioning reference signals may be of a configurable bandwidth.
  • the positioning reference signals may include or be associated with a payload data carrying positioning related information, such as a location (e.g., a coordinate value) of the transmitting UE or eNB.
  • a location e.g., a coordinate value
  • the positioning reference signals may be based on the positioning reference signals described in releases 8-10 of the 3GPP standards.
  • the positioning reference signals may include, or be based on, Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) or Cell Specific Reference Signals (C-RS).
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signals
  • C-RS Cell Specific Reference Signals
  • wireless network 220 may transmit synchronization signals to synchronize internal clocks of UEs.
  • Target UE 310 may use the received positioning reference signals (and its synchronized clock) to determine the signal arrival time differences, called the Reference Signal Timing Differences (RSTDs), between the positioning reference signals from the different transmitting devices (e.g., eNBs and UEs).
  • RSTDs Reference Signal Timing Differences
  • Process 600 may further include decoding the received positioning reference signals
  • a transmitted positioning reference signal may include payload data, such as a coordinate that defines the location of the UE that transmits the positioning reference signal.
  • Decoding the receive positioning reference signals may include extracting any payload data (e.g., a location of an anchor UE) from the positioning reference signals.
  • Process 600 may further include determining position metrics based on the received positioning reference signals (block 630).
  • the position metrics may include or be derived from timing values, such as values estimating the arrival times of the positioning reference signals and/or values representing differences in arrival times.
  • the values representing the differences in arrival times may be estimated relative to the arrival time of a positioning reference signal from serving eNB 340 or from another configured reference cell.
  • the received signal power of a positioning reference signal may also be used as a factor in estimating the arrival times and/or arrival time differences.
  • the timing values relating to transmission of the assisting/anchoring UEs can be estimated as one or more of the following.
  • TUL Uplink (UL) timing
  • TUL may be equal to TDL + RTT, where TDL refers to the received downlink (DL) timing of serving eNB 340 and RTT represents the round trip time to serving eNB 340.
  • TA/2 (Timing Advance) timing.
  • TA/2 may represent the timing corresponding to the eNB transmission timing if RTT and DL timing are measured without errors.
  • TA/2 may also be defined relative to serving eNB 340.
  • Process 600 may further include reporting the position metrics to the location server (block 640).
  • the position metrics may be reported using messages that are exchanged pursuant to a positioning protocol.
  • the reported position metrics may include, for example, the RSTDs and positioning reference signal received power, for each UE (e.g., assisting or anchor UEs) and for each neighboring eNB.
  • the messages may be relayed through serving eNB 340 to location server 260.
  • Process 600 may further include determining, based on the received position metrics and the locations of the eNBs and anchor UEs, the location of the target UE (block 650). As previously mentioned, the location determination can be performed based on the position metrics that were generated based on the positioning reference signals received from both the anchor UEs and the assisting UEs, as well as based on the position metrics generated based on the positioning reference signals received from serving eNB 340 and/or neighboring eNBs 350- 360.
  • location server 260 may use multilateration-based techniques, based on position metrics received from anchor UEs 320-330, assisting UEs 420-430, eNBs 340-360, stored location coordinates of anchor UEs 320-330 and eNBs 340-360, to obtain a relatively accurate three-dimensional location of target UE 310.
  • timing values were generally described based on downlink transmission of positioning reference signals to the target UE.
  • uplink transmissions may be used to generate the timing values.
  • Using uplink transmissions to generate timing values may be referred to as Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (U-TDOA) herein.
  • wireless network 220 e.g., eNBs 340- 360
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 700 that may be used to determine the location of target UE 310 based on uplink transmissions, from target UE 310.
  • process 700 may include transmitting, by the target UE, positioning reference signals (block 710).
  • the transmission of the positioning reference signal may be scheduled by serving eNB 340 and/or may be transmitted using predefined channels or spectrum resources.
  • the uplink transmission may be based on the 3 GPP standardized Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) or Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • the uplink transmission may include payload data and/or may be configured to include wideband symbol sequences with good auto and cross-correlation properties.
  • the positioning reference signals may be transmitted both over Sidelinks to nearby anchor and assisting UEs, and over the cellular or general wireless interface to wireless network 220.
  • Process 700 may further include estimating, by the serving eNB and/or the neighboring eNBs, TDOA or TOA values based on the uplink positioning reference signals from the target UE (block 720).
  • the TDOA/TOA values may represent position metrics similar to those calculated by target UE 310 and as described with respect to Fig. 6.
  • Process 700 may further include estimating, by other UEs (e.g., anchor and assisting UEs that are nearby the target UE), TDOA/TOA values, based on the uplink positioning reference signals from the target UE and transmitted over the Sidelink channels (block 730).
  • the TDOA/TOA values, along with other information, such as a signal strength of the positioning reference signal, may represent position metrics that may be transmitted to location server 260.
  • Process 700 may further include, determining, by location server 260, the location of the target UE (block 740).
  • the location may be determined based on the position metrics (i.e., the TDOA/TOA values) received from anchor UEs 320-330, assisting UEs 420-430, serving eNB 340, and/or neighboring eNBs 350-360.
  • position metrics i.e., the TDOA/TOA values
  • Example 1 Observed TDOA For Anchored Device-to-Device Assistance.
  • a network operator or mobile subscriber may install fixed anchor UEs at various locations.
  • the network operator may install a number of relatively low cost stationary anchor UEs at indoor retail establishments, sports venues, etc.
  • Configuration information relating to the positioning reference signals that are generated by the anchor UEs, may be provided, to UEs, using Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer signaling that is transmitted via wireless network 220. Alternatively this information may be pre-configured through the application layer.
  • Target UE 310 may subsequently measure RSTDs, over Sidelink channels with the anchor UEs, and report the RSTD values, via wireless network 220, to location server 260.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • Example 2 Observed TDOA For Non-Anchored Device-to-Device Assistance.
  • This situation may correspond to the general use case of Example 1.
  • the difference in this case is that the positions of assisting UEs 420-430 may not be known a priori at location server 260 or by a location application at the UE side.
  • the locations of assisting UEs 420-430 and target UE 310 may be calculated jointly based on the position metrics obtained over the Sidelink channels and measurement of signal location parameters over cellular links.
  • Location server 260 may collect the UE-UE position metrics from a cluster of UEs and apply a joint location determination technique to potentially provide a more precise location fix than for the case when each UE is located independently.
  • location server 260 may use position metrics obtained from UE-UE Sidelink channels to improve uplink based positioning approach.
  • the UE-UE position metrics may be taken at both ends of the Sidelink channel (i.e., at target UE 310 and at anchor UEs 320- 330).
  • Example 4 U- ⁇ A Non-Anchored Device-to-Device Assistance.
  • This situation is similar to example 2, except that here the uplink time difference of arrival method may be used at the network side to perform position detection of target UE 310 and of assisting UEs 420-430.
  • Example 5 Synchronous UE-Based Anchored Positioning.
  • target UE 310 can calculate its position by itself (e.g., based on satellite assisted location determination). Due to deployed synchronization (e.g., synchronization provided by wireless network 220), only one-way positioning reference signal transmission may be enough to estimate TOA/TDOA. In order to determine its location, target UE 310 may learn the location of the anchor UEs 320-330, such as via communications from higher layers of wireless network 220 or directly received in payload data associated with the positioning reference signals.
  • deployed synchronization e.g., synchronization provided by wireless network 220
  • target UE 310 may learn the location of the anchor UEs 320-330, such as via communications from higher layers of wireless network 220 or directly received in payload data associated with the positioning reference signals.
  • Example 6 Asynchronous UE-Based Anchored Positioning.
  • target UE 310 may transmit a message, over the Sidelink channel, to an anchor UE, and receive, over the Sidelink channel, a synchronization response message from the anchor UE.
  • the message exchange may be used to measure round trip time and/or establish common timing.
  • Example 7 Synchronous UE-Based Non-Anchored Positioning.
  • Example 5 This example is the generalized case of Example 5, where one or more UEs are not anchored (assisting UEs).
  • a UE position map of the anchored and non-anchored UEs may be reconstructed based on using the Sidelink channel to exchange position metrics that can be used to locate the non-anchored UEs.
  • Example 8 Asynchronous UE-Based Non-Anchored Positioning.
  • This situation may correspond to the general use case in which each timing/range estimation is done in two-way positioning and only a portion the UEs or eNBs have known locations.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram of example components of a device 800.
  • Each of the devices illustrated in Figs. 1-5 may include one or more devices 800.
  • Device 800 may include bus 810, processor 820, memory 830, input component 840, output component 850, and communication interface 860.
  • device 800 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components.
  • Bus 810 may include one or more communication paths that permit communication among the components of device 800.
  • Processor 820 may include a processor, microprocessor, or processing logic that may interpret and execute instructions.
  • Memory 830 may include any type of dynamic storage device that may store information and instructions for execution by processor 820, and/or any type of non-volatile storage device that may store information for use by processor 820.
  • Input component 840 may include a mechanism that permits an operator to input information to device 800, such as a keyboard, a keypad, a button, a switch, etc.
  • Output component 850 may include a mechanism that outputs information to the operator, such as a display, a speaker, one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs), etc.
  • LEDs light emitting diodes
  • Communication interface 860 may include any transceiver-like mechanism that enables device 800 to communicate with other devices and/or systems.
  • communication interface 860 may include an Ethernet interface, an optical interface, a coaxial interface, or the like.
  • Communication interface 860 may include a wireless communication device, such as an infrared (IR) receiver, a cellular radio, a Bluetooth radio, or the like.
  • IR infrared
  • Bluetooth radio or the like.
  • device 800 may be coupled to an external device, such as a remote control, a wireless keyboard, a mobile telephone, etc.
  • device 800 may include more than one communication interface 860.
  • device 800 may include an optical interface and an Ethernet interface.
  • Device 800 may perform certain operations described above. Device 800 may perform these operations in response to processor 820 executing software instructions stored in a computer-readable medium, such as memory 830.
  • a computer-readable medium may be defined as a non-transitory memory device.
  • a memory device may include space within a single physical memory device or spread across multiple physical memory devices.
  • the software instructions may be read into memory 830 from another computer-readable medium or from another device.
  • the software instructions stored in memory 830 may cause processor 820 to perform processes described herein.
  • hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement processes described herein. Thus, implementations described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software.
  • logic may include hardware, such as an ASIC or a FPGA, or a combination of hardware and software.

Abstract

La position d'un Équipement d'Utilisateur (UE) peut être déterminée en se basant sur des informations communiquées par des communications directes UE à UE pour obtenir des mesures supplémentaires de mesures de position qui peuvent être utilisées pour déterminer des positions relatives ou absolues de l'UE. Dans un mode de réalisation, un UE peut recevoir, par l'intermédiaire d'une connexion directe avec un second UE, un signal de référence de positionnement à partir duquel des informations de temporisation, se rapportant à la distance entre l'UE et le deuxième UE, peuvent être déduites; l'UE peut aussi déterminer, en se basant sur le signal de référence de positionnement, une première mesure de position qui se rapporte à une position de l'UE par rapport au deuxième UE; et déterminer, en se basant au moins sur la mesure de position, un emplacement de l'UE.
PCT/US2015/046329 2014-09-25 2015-08-21 Positionnement assisté dispositif à dispositif dans des technologies cellulaires sans fil WO2016048509A1 (fr)

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EP15757399.9A EP3198897B1 (fr) 2014-09-25 2015-08-21 Positionnement assisté dispositif à dispositif dans des technologies cellulaires sans fil
CN201580044057.4A CN106662634A (zh) 2014-09-25 2015-08-21 在无线蜂窝技术中的设备到设备辅助定位
CN202210144793.9A CN114449653A (zh) 2014-09-25 2015-08-21 在无线蜂窝技术中的设备到设备辅助定位
JP2017512902A JP2017527806A (ja) 2014-09-25 2015-08-21 無線セルラ技術におけるデバイス間アシスト測位

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US14/671,803 US9713117B2 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-03-27 Device-to-device assisted positioning in wireless cellular technologies
US14/671,803 2015-03-27

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CN106662634A (zh) 2017-05-10
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US20160095080A1 (en) 2016-03-31
EP3198897B1 (fr) 2022-01-12

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