WO2016035671A1 - 水溶性包装用フィルム - Google Patents
水溶性包装用フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016035671A1 WO2016035671A1 PCT/JP2015/074218 JP2015074218W WO2016035671A1 WO 2016035671 A1 WO2016035671 A1 WO 2016035671A1 JP 2015074218 W JP2015074218 W JP 2015074218W WO 2016035671 A1 WO2016035671 A1 WO 2016035671A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- weight
- packaging film
- soluble packaging
- polyvinyl alcohol
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/02—Wrappers or flexible covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/34—Introducing sulfur atoms or sulfur-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Definitions
- the present invention is capable of packaging a drug while maintaining appropriate flexibility without causing a change in appearance and off-flavor over a long period of time, greatly reducing the dissolution time in water,
- the present invention relates to a water-soluble packaging film capable of realizing visibility and chemical resistance.
- Polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter also referred to as PVA) is widely used as a packaging material because it is excellent in transparency, oil resistance, chemical resistance, and gas barrier properties such as oxygen. In recent years, it has been widely used as a packaging material for foods, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, agricultural chemicals and the like in which deterioration due to oxidation has a great influence on properties.
- PVA has high water solubility, it is utilized also as a temporary protective film or sheet
- PVA has high water solubility, it is utilized also as a temporary protective film or sheet
- PVA has a problem that its water solubility decreases when it receives a thermal history during surface protection.
- the protective film may receive a heat history in a process such as hot pressing, and in such a case, there is a problem that PVA cannot be sufficiently removed due to a decrease in water solubility. there were.
- Patent Document 1 improves the water solubility after receiving a heat history by adding a polybasic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof and a hydrazine compound to a polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the technology is described.
- the method of Patent Document 1 has the problem that the flexibility of the film is low and the processing suitability when packaging the drug is poor, and the water solubility is still insufficient, and the dissolution time is particularly long. It was.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water-soluble film in which a plasticizer and a sulfite are added to a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin. It is said that a water-soluble film with little coloring is obtained. However, there is a problem that the dissolution time cannot be shortened even if sulfite is added to the water-soluble film. In addition, sulfite reacts with a weak acid to generate sulfur dioxide gas, and there is also a problem that a bad odor is generated from the water-soluble film.
- the present invention is capable of packaging a drug while maintaining appropriate flexibility without causing a change in appearance and off-flavor over a long period of time, greatly reducing the dissolution time in water, It aims at providing the water-soluble packaging film which can implement
- the present invention contains polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, and an alkali metal.
- the plasticizer is contained in an amount of 3 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, and the alkali metal is added to 100% by weight of the water-soluble packaging film. It is a water-soluble packaging film containing 0.3 to 5% by weight. The present invention is described in detail below.
- the present inventor added a plasticizer and an alkali metal in addition to polyvinyl alcohol and made the contents of the plasticizer and the alkali metal within a predetermined range for a long time.
- the medicine can be packaged while maintaining moderate flexibility without producing a strange odor, and the dissolution time in water is greatly shortened to realize excellent water solubility, visibility and chemical resistance.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that the film can be made into a water-soluble packaging film that can be used.
- the detail of each component used for the PVA aqueous solution which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention contains polyvinyl alcohol.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is a main constituent of the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester to obtain a polymer according to a conventionally known method, and then saponifying the polymer, that is, hydrolyzing.
- saponification an alkali or an acid is generally used. It is preferable to use an alkali for the saponification.
- As said polyvinyl alcohol only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- vinyl ester examples include vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate and vinyl benzoate.
- the method for polymerizing the vinyl ester is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the polymerization method include a solution polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, and a suspension polymerization method.
- polymerization catalyst used for polymerizing the vinyl ester examples include 2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate (“TrigonoxEHP” manufactured by Tianjin McEIT), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), t-butyl.
- Peroxyneodecanoate bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, di-n-propylperoxydicarbonate, di-n-butylperoxydicarbonate, di-cetylperoxydicarbonate and di-s-butylperoxy Examples include dicarbonate.
- the said polymerization catalyst only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the polymer obtained by polymerizing the vinyl ester is preferably a polyvinyl ester.
- the polymer obtained by polymerizing the vinyl ester may be a copolymer of the vinyl ester and another monomer. That is, the polyvinyl alcohol may be formed using a copolymer of vinyl ester and another monomer.
- examples of other monomers, that is, comonomers to be copolymerized include olefins, (meth) acrylic acid and salts thereof, (meth) acrylic acid esters, (meth) acrylamide derivatives, N-vinylamides, vinyl ethers, and nitriles.
- the other monomer only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- Examples of the olefins include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene and isobutene.
- the (meth) acrylic acid esters include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, i-propyl (meth) acrylate, and n- (meth) acrylic acid. Examples include butyl and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylamide derivative include acrylamide, n-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, (meth) acrylamidepropanesulfonic acid and salts thereof, and the like.
- N-vinylamides examples include N-vinylpyrrolidone.
- vinyl ethers include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, i-propyl vinyl ether, and n-butyl vinyl ether.
- nitriles include (meth) acrylonitrile.
- vinyl halides include vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride.
- allyl compound include allyl acetate and allyl chloride.
- Examples of the vinylsilyl compound include vinyltrimethoxysilane.
- the modification amount is preferably 15 mol% or less, more preferably 5 mol% or less. That is, in the total 100 mol% of the structural unit derived from the vinyl ester in the modified PVA and the structural unit derived from the other monomer, the structural unit derived from the vinyl ester is preferably 85 mol% or more, more preferably 95 mol%. The structural unit derived from the other monomer is preferably at most 15 mol%, more preferably at most 5 mol%.
- polyvinyl alcohol includes modified polyvinyl alcohol (modified PVA).
- the modified PVA is preferably modified with a hydrophilic group.
- a hydrophilic group for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid group, a pyrrolidone ring group, an amino group, and a carboxyl group is preferable. Of these, a sulfonic acid group and a pyrrolidone ring group are more preferable.
- the hydrophilic group includes a metal salt of a hydrophilic group in addition to the functional group described above. Examples of the metal salt include alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, and lithium.
- the modified PVA modified with the hydrophilic group is obtained by copolymerizing unmodified polyvinyl alcohol and another monomer having the hydrophilic group, or adding a hydrophilic group to the unmodified polyvinyl alcohol. What is obtained by doing is included.
- modified PVA examples include sulfonic acid group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, pyrrolidone ring-modified polyvinyl alcohol, amino group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, and carboxyl group-modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- the sulfonic acid group-modified polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited as long as the sulfonic acid group is introduced by modification, but the sulfonic acid group is bonded to the polymer main chain via a linking group.
- the linking group include an amide group, an alkylene group, an ester group, and an ether group. Of these, a combination of an amide group and an alkylene group is preferable.
- the sulfonic acid group is preferably a sulfonate salt, and particularly preferably a sodium sulfonate group.
- the modified PVA is sodium sulfonate-modified polyvinyl alcohol
- the sodium sulfonate-modified polyvinyl alcohol preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the pyrrolidone ring-modified polyvinyl alcohol preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (2).
- the amino group-modified polyvinyl alcohol preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (3).
- R 2 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the carboxyl group-modified polyvinyl alcohol has a structural unit represented by the following formula (4-1), (4-2) or (4-3). Is preferred.
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a metal atom or a methyl group.
- the carboxyl group contained in the structural unit having a carboxyl group includes a salt of the carboxyl group and a methyl ester.
- a metal atom a sodium atom etc. are mentioned, for example.
- R 3 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- modified PVA examples include “KL-318”, “KL-118”, “KM-618”, and “KM-118” (all manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the structural unit having a hydrophilic group in the modified PVA is preferably 0.1 mol%, more preferably 0.2 mol%, still more preferably 0.5 mol%, and particularly preferably 1 mol.
- the preferable upper limit is 15 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 10 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 8 mol%.
- the film may be discolored or broken over a long period of time against chlorine-containing sanitary agents or oxidizing chemicals. A film with no resistance can be obtained.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol has a preferred lower limit of 80 mol%, a more preferred lower limit of 85 mol%, a still more preferred lower limit of 88 mol%, a particularly preferred lower limit of 90 mol%, and a more particularly preferred lower limit of 92 mol%.
- the preferred upper limit is 99.9 mol%, the more preferred upper limit is 99.0 mol%, the still more preferred upper limit is 98 mol%, the particularly preferred upper limit is 97 mol%, more particularly preferably 96 mol%.
- the saponification degree of the PVA is particularly preferably 85 mol% or more and 96 mol% or less.
- the saponification degree is measured according to JIS K6726.
- the saponification degree indicates the proportion of units that are actually saponified to vinyl alcohol units among the units converted to vinyl alcohol units by saponification.
- the method for adjusting the saponification degree is not particularly limited.
- the saponification degree can be appropriately adjusted according to saponification conditions, that is, hydrolysis conditions.
- the PVA preferably has a saponification degree distribution standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of 0.1 to 1.0 mol%.
- ⁇ saponification degree distribution standard deviation
- the more preferable lower limit of the saponification degree distribution standard deviation of the PVA is 0.2 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 0.9 mol%.
- the saponification degree distribution standard deviation is an index indicating the saponification degree variation in PVA and can be measured and calculated using, for example, FT-IR.
- the degree of polymerization of the PVA is not particularly limited.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the PVA is 400, the more preferable lower limit is 500, the still more preferable lower limit is 600, the particularly preferable lower limit is 900, the preferable upper limit is 2000, the more preferable upper limit is 1800, and the further preferable upper limit is 1500.
- the polymerization degree is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the viscosity of the aqueous solution becomes appropriate when a water-soluble packaging film is formed.
- the degree of polymerization is not more than the above upper limit, the strength of the water-soluble packaging film is further increased and water resistance is obtained.
- the degree of polymerization is measured according to JIS K6726.
- the preferable lower limit of the viscosity measured at 20 ° C. is 3 mPa ⁇ s
- the preferable upper limit is 35 mPa ⁇ s
- the more preferable lower limit is 5 mPa ⁇ s
- the more preferable upper limit is 30 mPa ⁇ s.
- Water resistance can be improved by making the said viscosity into 3 mPa * s or more. By setting the viscosity to 35 mPa ⁇ s or less, the dissolution time can be shortened.
- the more preferable lower limit of the viscosity is 8 mPa ⁇ s
- the more preferable upper limit is 20 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity can be measured according to JIS K6726.
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 70% by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 97% by weight.
- the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is not less than the above lower limit, the water-soluble packaging film may have a better quality without bleeding out of the plasticizer from the water-soluble packaging film.
- the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is not more than the above upper limit, the strength of the water-soluble packaging film is further increased, and water resistance may be obtained.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention contains an alkali metal.
- the dissolution time can be controlled while maintaining the water resistance of the water-soluble packaging film.
- the method to contain an alkali metal is not limited.
- the method of containing the alkali metal include a method of adding an alkali metal salt, a method of using polyvinyl alcohol containing an alkali metal, and the like.
- the polyvinyl alcohol containing an alkali metal include modified PVA modified with a hydrophilic group having an alkali metal salt. For example, in the modification step, when using a modified PVA that uses a large amount of alkali metal, it is possible to contain the alkali metal by adding the modified PVA.
- the content of the alkali metal is 0.3 to 5% by weight.
- the content of the alkali metal is less than 0.3% by weight, the effect of shortening the dissolution time may not occur.
- the content exceeds 5% by weight the alkali metal is bleed from the water-soluble packaging film and is water-soluble. The appearance of the packaging film may be impaired.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said alkali metal is 0.5 weight%, and a preferable upper limit is 4.5 weight%.
- the amount of the alkali metal can be measured using, for example, an ICP emission analyzer.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention preferably has an alkali metal content per unit area of 0.06 to 10 g / m 2 .
- the alkali metal content per unit area is 0.06 g / m 2 or more, an effect of shortening the dissolution time can be obtained, and when the alkali metal content is 10 g / m 2 or less, the alkali metal is water-soluble packaging. Can be prevented from bleeding.
- the alkali metal content per unit area means the weight of the alkali metal with respect to the area of the main surface of the water-soluble packaging film.
- Such alkali metal content per unit area can be calculated from, for example, the amount of alkali metal measured using an ICP emission spectrometer and the area of the main surface of the water-soluble packaging film.
- the alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs are used, and Na and K are particularly preferable.
- the alkali metal is preferably an alkali metal derived from an alkali metal salt. In addition, it may be derived from an alkali metal possessed by polyvinyl alcohol or a plasticizer.
- alkali metal salts include hydrides, halides, oxygen compounds, sulfides, oxyacid salts, and organic acid salts of the above alkali metals.
- organic acid constituting the organic acid salt include formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, gluconic acid, maleic acid, chloroacetic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- Na examples include halides such as NaF, NaCl, NaBr and NaI, oxygen compounds such as Na 2 O, NaOH, Na 2 O 2 and NaO 2 , Na 2 S ⁇ nH 2 O, NaHS ⁇ Sulfides such as nH 2 O, chlorine compounds such as NaClO, NaClO 2 , NaClO 3 , NaClO 4 , NaPH 2 O 2 , Na 2 PHO 3 , Na 4 P 2 O 6 , Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 6 , Na Examples thereof include phosphorus compounds such as 3 PO 4 , organic acid salts such as NaHCO 2 , NaCH 3 CO 2 , Na 2 C 2 O 4 , Na 2 C 4 H 4 O 6 , and Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 .
- halides such as NaF, NaCl, NaBr and NaI
- oxygen compounds such as Na 2 O, NaOH, Na 2 O 2 and NaO 2
- Na 2 S ⁇ nH 2 O NaHS ⁇ Sul
- sodium formate (NaHCO 2 ) and sodium acetate (NaCH 3 CO 2 ) are preferable.
- the said alkali metal salt may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- a preferable minimum is 50 and a preferable upper limit is 140.
- the molecular weight is less than 50, it may react violently with water and handleability may be poor, and when the molecular weight exceeds 140, the effect of shortening the dissolution time may not occur.
- the more preferable lower limit of the molecular weight is 60, and the more preferable upper limit is 100.
- the addition amount of the alkali metal salt when adding the alkali metal salt is preferably 0.5 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol. If the addition amount of the alkali metal salt is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the effect of shortening the dissolution time may not occur. If the addition amount exceeds 15 parts by weight, the alkali metal salt may bleed from the water-soluble packaging film. The appearance of the film may be impaired.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention contains a plasticizer.
- Water-soluble packaging films are required to have high tensile strength and durability because they can be transported, stored, and used in hot and humid regions and cold regions. Particularly, impact resistance at low temperatures is important.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention contains a plasticizer, the glass transition point can be lowered, and durability at low temperatures can be improved.
- the solubility with respect to the water of the film for water-soluble packaging can also be improved by containing the said plasticizer.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a plasticizer for PVA, and examples thereof include glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene glycol.
- Polyethylene alcohols such as polyhydric alcohols, polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, phenol derivatives such as bisphenol A and bisphenol S, amide compounds such as N-methylpyrrolidone, and polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol with ethylene oxide. Examples include added compounds and water. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- glycerin, trimethylolpropane, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene glycol are preferable because water solubility can be improved, and the effect of improving water solubility is particularly large. Therefore, glycerin and trimethylolpropane are particularly preferable.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention contains 3 to 15 parts by weight of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
- the content of the plasticizer is less than 3 parts by weight, the blending effect of the plasticizer is not recognized.
- the blending ratio of the plasticizer exceeds 15 parts by weight, the bleedout of the plasticizer becomes large, and the anti-blocking property of the resulting water-soluble packaging film is deteriorated.
- the preferable lower limit of the plasticizer content is 3.2 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 13 parts by weight.
- the preferable upper limit of the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention is 100 ⁇ m, the more preferable upper limit is 80 ⁇ m, and the still more preferable upper limit is 75 ⁇ m.
- the preferable lower limit of the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention is 10 ⁇ m.
- medical agent becomes still higher that the thickness of the said water-soluble packaging film is more than the said minimum.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention further contains, as necessary, usual additives such as a colorant, a fragrance, an extender, an antifoaming agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a surfactant, and starch.
- usual additives such as a colorant, a fragrance, an extender, an antifoaming agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a surfactant, and starch.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention preferably has a tensile strength of 5 to 30 MPa when subjected to a tensile test at an elongation of 100%. If the tensile strength is less than 5 MPa, the strength of the film may be reduced during packaging of the drug, and the shape of the package may not be maintained. If the tensile strength exceeds 30 MPa, the dissolution time may be long. More preferably, it is 6 MPa or more, More preferably, it is 8 MPa or more, More preferably, it is 25 MPa or less, More preferably, it is 23 MPa or less.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention can provide a film that is resistant to chlorine-containing sanitary agents or oxidizing chemicals without causing discoloration or tearing of the film over a long period of time.
- the chlorine-containing sanitary agent can be selected from one or more of calcium hypochlorite, dichloroisocyanuric acid, trichloroisocyanuric acid, salts thereof and hydrates thereof.
- trichloroisocyanuric acid or a salt or hydrate thereof is included in the unit dose package.
- the chlorinating agent may be in any suitable form, such as granules, powders, liquids, gels or tablets.
- Oxidizing chemicals include hypochlorites, chlorinated and / or brominated isocyanurates, chlorates, perchlorates, bromates, perbromates, perborates, periodates, It can be selected from the group consisting of persulfates, permanganates, chromates, dichromates, nitrates, nitrites, peroxides, ketone peroxides, peroxy acids, inorganic acids and combinations thereof.
- Method for producing water-soluble packaging film Although it does not specifically limit as a manufacturing method of the water-soluble packaging film of this invention, The method of casting the PVA aqueous solution containing PVA, a plasticizer, an alkali metal salt, and water on a support member, and drying can be used. . Specific examples include a solution casting method (casting method), a roll coating method, a spin coating method, a screen coating method, a fountain coating method, a dipping method, and a spray method.
- the PVA aqueous solution contains water together with the PVA and the plasticizer.
- the PVA is mainly dissolved in the water.
- the content of the water is 300 parts by weight or more, preferably 400 parts by weight or more, more preferably 500 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of components other than water containing the PVA.
- the water content is 900 parts by weight or less, preferably 800 parts by weight or less, more preferably 700 parts by weight or less.
- the viscosity of the PVA aqueous solution becomes moderately high, the casting of the PVA aqueous solution becomes easy, the drying time is further shortened, the productivity is further increased, An even better quality water-soluble packaging film is obtained in which the orientation of the conductive packaging film is further enhanced.
- the said support member can support the water-soluble packaging film obtained by maintaining the PVA aqueous solution on the surface during casting of the PVA aqueous solution.
- the material for the support member include polyolefin, polyester, acrylic resin, and the like. You may use the supporting member formed with materials other than these.
- the polyolefin include ethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- the polyester include polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
- the material of the support member is preferably not PVA.
- the drying method after casting the PVA aqueous solution on the support member can be any suitable method and is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the drying method include a method of natural drying and a method of heat drying at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of PVA.
- the water-soluble packaging film of the present invention may be a laminated film comprising a support member and a water-soluble packaging film laminated on the support member.
- the laminated film can be obtained by casting the PVA aqueous solution described above and drying it.
- the said water-soluble packaging film may be provided in the state laminated
- water-soluble packaging film examples include a medicine packaging film used for medicine packaging such as detergents, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
- the present invention it is possible to package a drug for a long time while maintaining an appropriate flexibility without producing a strange odor, and greatly shortening the dissolution time in water, and has excellent water solubility, visibility and resistance. It is possible to provide a water-soluble packaging film capable of realizing chemical properties.
- Example 1 92.8 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Seki Swiss Specialty Chemicals, Selvol 513, polymerization degree 1300, saponification degree 88.0 mol%, 4 wt% aqueous solution viscosity 14 mPa ⁇ s, saponification degree distribution standard deviation 0.18 mol%)
- a plasticizer 3.2 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 1.6 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 2.4 parts by weight of sodium acetate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- a 14.3% by weight aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving in 600 parts by weight of water.
- the standard deviation of saponification degree distribution of the polyvinyl alcohol was measured by the following procedure. (Saponification degree distribution standard deviation measurement) Forty particles were randomly selected from the polyvinyl alcohol particles, and the amount of acetyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol was measured using ATR-specific FT-IR (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, IRAffinity-1). The saponification degree of each particle was obtained from the obtained acetyl group amount, and the standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the saponification degree distribution was calculated from the variation in the saponification degree.
- the obtained PVA aqueous solution was applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) as a support member using an auto film applicator (“PI-1210” manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes. Next, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a laminated film in which a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was laminated on the support member.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PI-1210 manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- Example 2 A laminated film on which a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was laminated was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amounts of polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane and sodium acetate were as shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was laminated in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the addition amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (sodium sulfonate-modified polyvinyl alcohol), glycerin, trimethylolpropane and sodium acetate were as shown in Table 1. A laminated film was obtained.
- polyvinyl alcohol sodium sulfonate-modified polyvinyl alcohol
- glycerin sodium sulfonate-modified polyvinyl alcohol
- trimethylolpropane sodium acetate
- Example 6 Pyrrolidone ring-modified polyvinyl alcohol having the structure represented by the above formula (2) (polymerization degree 1000, saponification degree 95.8 mol%, pyrrolidone modification amount 4 mol%, 4 wt% aqueous solution viscosity 10 mPa ⁇ s, saponification degree distribution standard Deviation 0.21 mol%) 89 parts by weight, as plasticizer, 5.0 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), 5.0 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), sodium acetate (Wako Pure) 1 part by weight) was dissolved in 600 parts by weight of water to prepare a 14.3% by weight aqueous solution. Using the obtained PVA aqueous solution, a laminated film in which a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was laminated on a support member in the same manner as Example 1 was obtained.
- the obtained PVA aqueous solution was applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) as a support member using an auto film applicator (“PI-1210” manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes. And then dried at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) on the support member. After peeling the support from the obtained PVA film, it was exposed to an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% RH for 24 hours to obtain a water-soluble packaging film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Example 11 Pyrrolidone ring-modified polyvinyl alcohol having the structure represented by the above formula (2) (polymerization degree 1000, saponification degree 95.8 mol%, pyrrolidone modification amount 4 mol%, 4 wt% aqueous solution viscosity 10 mPa ⁇ s, saponification degree distribution standard Deviation 0.21 mol%) 89 parts by weight, as plasticizer, glycerin (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 3.0 parts by weight, trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 3.0 parts by weight, potassium acetate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (Made by Yakuhin) 5.0 parts by weight was dissolved in 600 parts by weight of water to prepare a 14.3% by weight aqueous solution. Using the obtained PVA aqueous solution, a laminated film in which a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was
- Example 12 Pyrrolidone ring-modified polyvinyl alcohol having the structure represented by the above formula (2) (polymerization degree 1000, saponification degree 95.8 mol%, pyrrolidone modification amount 4 mol%, 4 wt% aqueous solution viscosity 10 mPa ⁇ s, saponification degree distribution standard Deviation 0.21 mol%) 86 parts by weight, as plasticizer, glycerin (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 3.0 parts by weight, trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 2.0 parts by weight, potassium acetate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 9.0 parts by weight (manufactured by Yakuhin Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 600 parts by weight of water to prepare a 14.3% by weight aqueous solution. Using the obtained PVA aqueous solution, a laminated film in which a PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇
- Example 4 A PVA film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amounts of polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, and sodium sulfite (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were as shown in Table 1. A laminated film was obtained.
- the haze change rate was computed from the difference with the haze measured by "(6) visibility.” ⁇ : Haze is less than 3.5% and haze change rate is less than 20% ⁇ : Haze is 3.5% or more, or haze change rate is 20% or more
- the present invention it is possible to package a drug while maintaining an appropriate flexibility without causing a change in appearance or a strange odor over a long period of time.
- achieve property, visibility, and chemical resistance can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、特許文献1の方法では、フィルムの柔軟性が低く、薬剤を包装する際の加工適正が悪いという課題や、水溶解性が依然として不充分であり、特に溶解時間が長くなるという課題があった。
これに対して、特許文献2には、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂に、可塑剤、亜硫酸塩を添加した水溶性フィルムが開示されており、製膜時の着色が少なく、薬剤と接触しても経時的な着色が少ない水溶性フィルムが得られるとしている。
しかしながら、水溶性フィルム中に亜硫酸塩を添加しても溶解時間が短縮できないという問題があった。また、亜硫酸塩は弱酸と反応して、二酸化硫黄ガスを発生することがあり、水溶性フィルムから異臭が発生するという問題もあった。
以下、本発明を詳述する。
以下、本発明に係るPVA水溶液に用いられる各成分の詳細を説明する。
本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムは、ポリビニルアルコールを含有する。
上記ポリビニルアルコールは、本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムの主たる構成成分となる。
上記親水性基としては、例えば、スルホン酸基、ピロリドン環基、アミノ基及びカルボキシル基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。なかでも、スルホン酸基、ピロリドン環基がより好ましい。上記親水性基には、上述した官能基に加えて、親水性基の金属塩も含む。上記金属塩としては、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウム等のアルカリ金属が挙げられる。
なお、上記親水性基で変性された変性PVAとしては、未変性ポリビニルアルコールと上記親水性基を有する他のモノマーとを共重合して得られるもののほか、未変性ポリビニルアルコールに親水性基を付加することによって得られるもの等が含まれる。
上記連結基としては、アミド基、アルキレン基、エステル基、エーテル基等が挙げられる。なかでも、アミド基とアルキレン基の組み合わせが好ましい。
また、上記スルホン酸基は、スルホン酸塩からなるものであることが好ましく、特にスルホン酸ナトリウム基であることが好ましい。
特に、上記変性PVAが、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコールである場合、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコールとしては、下記式(1)で表される構成単位を有することが好ましい。
上記式(4-2)中、R3は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基を表す。
上記ケン化度の調整方法は特に限定されない。ケン化度は、ケン化条件、すなわち加水分解条件により適宜調整可能である。
上記ケン化度分布標準偏差が上記下限以上及び上記上限以下であると、水溶性包装用フィルムの溶解性、薬品耐性がよくなり、薬剤を開放するときの溶解時間、及び薬品を包装した際の保存期間の双方をバランスよく高めることができる。
上記PVAのケン化度分布標準偏差のより好ましい下限は0.2モル%、より好ましい上限は0.9モル%である。
なお、上記ケン化度分布標準偏差は、PVA中のケン化度バラつきを示す指標であり、例えば、FT-IR等を用いて測定し、算出することができる。
なお、上記粘度はJIS K6726に準じて測定することができる。
上記ポリビニルアルコールの含有量が上記下限以上であると、水溶性包装用フィルムから可塑剤のブリードアウトがないより一層良好な品質の水溶性包装用フィルムとなることがある。上記ポリビニルアルコールの含有量が上記上限以下であると、水溶性包装用フィルムの強度がより一層高くなり、耐水性が得られることがある。
本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムは、アルカリ金属を含有する。
上記アルカリ金属を含有することで、水溶性包装用フィルムの耐水性を保ちながら溶解時間をコントロールすることができる。
なお、本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムは、アルカリ金属を含有するものであれば、アルカリ金属を含有させる方法は限定されない。上記アルカリ金属を含有させる方法としては、例えば、アルカリ金属塩を添加する方法、アルカリ金属を含有するポリビニルアルコールを使用する方法等が挙げられる。上記アルカリ金属を含有するポリビニルアルコールとしては、例えば、アルカリ金属塩を有する親水性基で変性された変性PVAが挙げられる。
また、例えば、変性工程において、アルカリ金属を多量に使用する変性PVAを用いる場合は、上記変性PVAを添加することでアルカリ金属を含有させることが可能となる。
上記アルカリ金属の含有量が0.3重量%未満であると、溶解時間を短縮する効果が生じないことがあり、5重量%を超えると、アルカリ金属が水溶性包装用フィルムからブリードして水溶性包装用フィルムの外観を損なうことがある。
上記アルカリ金属の含有量の好ましい下限は0.5重量%、好ましい上限は4.5重量%である。
上記アルカリ金属の量は、例えば、ICP発光分析装置を用いて測定することができる。
なお、上記単位面積当たりのアルカリ金属含有量とは、水溶性包装用フィルムの主面の面積に対するアルカリ金属の重量を意味する。
このような単位面積当たりのアルカリ金属含有量は、例えば、ICP発光分析装置を用いて測定されたアルカリ金属量と水溶性包装用フィルムの主面の面積とから算出することができる。
上記有機酸塩を構成する有機酸としては、例えば、蟻酸、酢酸、乳酸、こはく酸、グルコン酸、マレイン酸、クロロ酢酸、シュウ酸、グリコール酸、酒石酸、クエン酸等が挙げられる。
最も一般的なNaで例示すれば、NaF、NaCl、NaBr、NaI等のハロゲン化物、Na2O、NaOH、Na2O2、NaO2等の酸素化合物、Na2S・nH2O、NaHS・nH2O等の硫化物、NaClO、NaClO2、NaClO3、NaClO4等の塩素化合物、NaPH2O2、Na2PHO3、Na4P2O6、Na2H2P2O6、Na3PO4等のリン化合物、NaHCO2、NaCH3CO2、Na2C2O4、Na2C4H4O6、Na3C6H5O7等の有機酸塩等が挙げられる。なかでも、蟻酸ナトリウム(NaHCO2)、酢酸ナトリウム(NaCH3CO2)が好ましい。また、上記NaをK、Li等のアルカリ金属で置き換えたものを使用してもよい。
なお、上記アルカリ金属塩は、単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムは、可塑剤を含有する。
水溶性包装用フィルムは、高温多湿の地域や寒冷地でも運搬、貯蔵、使用がなされるため、高い引張強度や耐久性が要求される。特に低温での耐衝撃性が重視される。本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムは、可塑剤を含有することで、ガラス転移点を下げることが可能となり、低温での耐久性を向上させることができる。また、上記可塑剤を含有することで、水溶性包装用フィルムの水に対する溶解性を向上させることもできる。
上記可塑剤のなかでは、水溶性を向上させることができることから、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールが好ましく、特に水溶性向上の効果が大きいことからグリセリン、トリメチロールプロパンが特に好ましい。
上記可塑剤含有量の好ましい下限は3.2重量部、好ましい上限は13重量部である。
上記塩素含有衛生剤は、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、ジクロロイソシアヌル酸、トリクロロイソシアヌル酸、その塩およびその水和物のうちの1種以上から選択できる。好ましくは、トリクロロイソシアヌル酸またはその塩またはその水和物が、単位用量パッケージに含まれる。上記塩素化剤は、任意の適当な形態、例えば顆粒剤、粉末、液体、ゲルまたは錠剤であってもよい。酸化性化学薬品は、次亜塩素酸塩、塩素化および/または臭素化イソシアヌル酸塩、塩素酸塩、過塩素酸塩、臭素酸塩、過臭素酸塩、過硼酸塩、過ヨウ素酸塩、過硫酸塩、過マンガン酸塩、クロム酸塩、二クロム酸塩、硝酸塩、亜硝酸塩、過酸化物、過酸化ケトン、ペルオキシ酸、無機酸およびそれらの組み合わせから成る群より選択することができる。
本発明の水溶性包装用フィルムの製造方法としては、特に限定されないが、PVA、可塑剤、アルカリ金属塩及び水を含有するPVA水溶液を支持部材に流延し、乾燥する方法を用いることができる。具体的には、溶液流延法(キャスト法)、ロールコーティング法、スピンコーティング法、スクリーンコーティング法、ファウンテンコーティング法、ディッピング法及びスプレー法が挙げられる。
また、上記水の含有量は900重量部以下、好ましくは800重量部以下、より好ましくは700重量部以下である。上記水の含有量が上記下限以上であると、PVA水溶液の粘度が適度に低くなり、PVA水溶液の流延が容易になる。上記水の含有量が上記上限以下であると、PVA水溶液の粘度が適度に高くなり、PVA水溶液の流延が容易になり、乾燥時間がより一層短くなり、生産性がより一層高くなり、水溶性包装用フィルムの配向がより一層高められた、より一層良好な品質の水溶性包装用フィルムが得られる。
ポリビニルアルコール(セキスイスペシャリティケミカルズ社製、Selvol513、重合度1300、ケン化度88.0モル%、4重量%水溶液粘度14mPa・s、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.18モル%)92.8重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬社製)3.2重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬社製)1.6重量部、酢酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)2.4重量部を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
(ケン化度分布標準偏差測定)
上記ポリビニルアルコールの粒子から、40個をランダムに選別し、ATR仕様のFT-IR(島津製作所製、IRAffinity-1)を用いて、ポリビニルアルコールのアセチル基量を測定した。得られたアセチル基量から、各粒子のケン化度を求め、ケン化度のバラつきから、ケン化度分布の標準偏差(σ)を算出した。
ポリビニルアルコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン及び酢酸ナトリウムの添加量を表1に示す通りとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
上記式(1)に示す構造を有するスルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度1200、R1=C4H8、ケン化度95.4モル%、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性量4モル%、4重量%水溶液粘度12mPa・s、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.31モル%)94重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬社製)3重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬社製)3重量部を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
得られたPVA水溶液を用いて、実施例1と同様に支持部材上にPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
ポリビニルアルコール(スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコール)、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン及び酢酸ナトリウムの添加量を表1に示す通りとした以外は実施例4と同様にしてPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
上記式(2)に示す構造を有するピロリドン環変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度1000、ケン化度95.8モル%、ピロリドン変性量4モル%、4重量%水溶液粘度10mPa・s、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.21モル%)89重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬社製)5.0重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬社製)5.0重量部、酢酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1重量部、を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
得られたPVA水溶液を用いて、実施例1と同様に支持部材上にPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
ポリビニルアルコールとして、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度1200、R1=CH2、ケン化度90.1モル%、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性量4モル%、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.98モル%)94重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬工業社製)3重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬工業社製)3重量部を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
得られたPVA水溶液を支持部材であるポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(厚さ50μm)上に、オートフィルムアプリケーター(テスター産業社製「PI-1210」)を用いて塗布し、80℃で5分間乾燥させ、次に100℃で20分間乾燥させ、支持部材上にPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)を得た。
得られたPVAフィルムから支持体を剥離した後、温度23℃、相対湿度50%RHの環境下に24時間暴露して水溶性包装用フィルムを得た。
スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコールに代えて、上記式(3)に示す構造を有するアミノ基変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度600、R2=CH2、ケン化度91.8モル%、アミノ基変性量8モル%、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.28モル%)を用いた以外は実施例7と同様にして水溶性包装用フィルムを得た。
スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコールに代えて、上記式(4-2)に示す構造を有するカルボン酸変性ポリビニルアルコールA(重合度1700、R3=CH2、X2及びX3=ナトリウム原子、ケン化度97.5モル%、カルボキシル基変性量1.5モル%、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.12%)を用いた以外は実施例7と同様にして水溶性包装用フィルムを得た。
スルホン酸ナトリウム変性ポリビニルアルコールに代えて、上記式(4-2)に示す構造を有するカルボン酸変性ポリビニルアルコールB(重合度1700、R3=CH2、X2及びX3=ナトリウム原子、ケン化度98.2モル%、カルボキシル基変性量0.5モル%、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.25%)を用いた以外は実施例7と同様にして水溶性包装用フィルムを得た。
上記式(2)に示す構造を有するピロリドン環変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度1000、ケン化度95.8モル%、ピロリドン変性量4モル%、4重量%水溶液粘度10mPa・s、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.21モル%)89重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬社製)3.0重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬社製)3.0重量部、酢酸カリウム(和光純薬社製)5.0重量部を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
得られたPVA水溶液を用いて、実施例1と同様に支持部材上にPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
上記式(2)に示す構造を有するピロリドン環変性ポリビニルアルコール(重合度1000、ケン化度95.8モル%、ピロリドン変性量4モル%、4重量%水溶液粘度10mPa・s、ケン化度分布標準偏差0.21モル%)86重量部、可塑剤として、グリセリン(和光純薬社製)3.0重量部、トリメチロールプロパン(和光純薬社製)2.0重量部、酢酸カリウム(和光純薬社製)9.0重量部を水600重量部に溶解させて14.3重量%の水溶液を作製した。
得られたPVA水溶液を用いて、実施例1と同様に支持部材上にPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
ポリビニルアルコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン及び酢酸ナトリウムの添加量を表1に示す通りとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
ポリビニルアルコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、亜硫酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)の添加量を表1に示す通りとした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてPVAフィルム(厚さ50μm)が積層された積層フィルムを得た。
(1)アルカリ金属(ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウム)含有量測定
得られた積層フィルムから支持体を剥離して水溶性包装用フィルム(200mm×200mm)を得た後、温度23℃、相対湿度50%RHの環境下に24時間暴露した。
その後、ICP-MS(日立社製、Z2310)を用いて、水溶性包装用フィルム100重量%に対するアルカリ金属(ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウム)含有量(重量%)を測定した。
また、単位面積当たりのアルカリ金属含有量(g/m2)についても算出した。
得られた積層フィルムから支持体を剥離して水溶性包装用フィルムを得た後、温度23℃、相対湿度50%RHの環境下に24時間暴露した。
その後、水溶性包装用フィルムを100mm×15mmのサイズにカットして、温度23℃、湿度50%及び剥離速度100mm/分の条件で、水溶性包装用フィルムの引張試験を行い、伸度100%時の引張強度(MPa)を測定した。
○○:5MPa以上、15MPa未満
○:15MPa以上、30MPa未満
×:5MPa未満、30MPa以上
得られた積層フィルムから支持体を剥離して水溶性包装用フィルムを得た後、温度23℃、相対湿度50%RHの環境下に24時間暴露した。
その後、水溶性包装用フィルムを35mm×40mmのサイズにカットして治具に固定し、500mlビーカーに水(500ml)を入れてスターラーにより撹拌(400mlの印に渦巻の下が到達)しながら、水温を23℃に保ちつつ、治具に固定したフィルムをかかる水中に浸漬した。治具からフィルムの残査が視認できなくなった時間を測定した。
○○:20秒未満
○:30秒未満
×:30秒以上
得られた積層フィルムから支持体を剥離して水溶性包装用フィルムを得た後、アルミラミジップに入れて、温度23℃、相対湿度50%RHの環境下に1ヶ月間放置した。
その後、水溶性包装用フィルムを取り出して、1ヶ月間の放置前後のフィルムから可塑剤や添加剤等のブリード性を目視確認した。
[外観評価基準]
○:フィルム外観が透明でブリードなし
×:フィルム外観が白濁してブリードあり
得られた水溶性包装用フィルムを5cm×4cmの袋を作製し、該袋でトリクロロイソシアヌル酸ナトリウム20gを実包し、更にアルミ袋に入れ密封した後、温度40℃、湿度70%RHの恒温恒湿オーブンに1ヶ月間放置した。その後、水溶性包装用フィルムの外観を目視観察した。
○:外観変化なし
×:外観が黄変又は茶変の着色あり
得られた水溶性包装用フィルムについて、ヘイズメーター(東京電色社製、TC-H3DPK)を用いて20℃でのヘイズを測定し、以下の基準により評価した。
○:ヘイズが3.5%未満
×:ヘイズが3.5%以上
得られた水溶性包装用フィルムから5cm×4cmの袋を作製し、該袋でトリクロロイソシアヌル酸ナトリウム20gを実包し、更にアルミ袋に入れ密封した後、温度40℃、湿度70%RHの恒温恒湿オーブンに1ヶ月間放置した。その後、フィルム部分を切り取り、ヘイズメーター(東京電色社製、TC-H3DPK)を用いて20℃でのヘイズを測定し、以下の基準により評価した。また、「(6)視認性」で測定したヘイズとの差から、ヘイズ変化率を算出した。
○:ヘイズが3.5%未満、且つヘイズ変化率が20%未満
×:ヘイズが3.5%以上、またはヘイズ変化率が20%以上
Claims (7)
- ポリビニルアルコール、可塑剤及びアルカリ金属を含有し、
ポリビニルアルコール100重量部に対して、前記可塑剤を3~15重量部含有し、
前記アルカリ金属を水溶性包装用フィルム100重量%に対して0.3~5重量%含有する
ことを特徴とする水溶性包装用フィルム。 - アルカリ金属は、ナトリウムであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
- ポリビニルアルコールは、ケン化度が80.0~99.9モル%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
- ポリビニルアルコールは、ケン化度分布標準偏差(σ)が0.1~1.0モル%であることを特徴とする1、2又は3記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
- ポリビニルアルコールは、スルホン酸基、ピロリドン環基、アミノ基及びカルボキシル基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の親水性基で変性されていることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3又は4記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
- 親水性基を有する構成単位の含有量が0.1~15モル%であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
- 伸度100%で引張試験を行った場合の引張強度が5~30MPaであることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載の水溶性包装用フィルム。
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