WO2016034079A1 - 一种gabaa受体增强剂用于制备镇静麻醉的药物中的用途 - Google Patents

一种gabaa受体增强剂用于制备镇静麻醉的药物中的用途 Download PDF

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WO2016034079A1
WO2016034079A1 PCT/CN2015/088341 CN2015088341W WO2016034079A1 WO 2016034079 A1 WO2016034079 A1 WO 2016034079A1 CN 2015088341 W CN2015088341 W CN 2015088341W WO 2016034079 A1 WO2016034079 A1 WO 2016034079A1
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compound
group
pharmaceutical preparation
pharmaceutical
formula
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PCT/CN2015/088341
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
莫毅
李芳琼
刘建余
余彦
李洪湖
牟红
张玉权
于庆洋
程福军
严庞科
赵紫微
秦琳琳
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四川海思科制药有限公司
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Priority to CN201580001777.2A priority Critical patent/CN105579034B/zh
Priority to ES15837862T priority patent/ES2973259T3/es
Priority to BR112017004448-0A priority patent/BR112017004448B1/pt
Priority to AU2015311394A priority patent/AU2015311394B2/en
Application filed by 四川海思科制药有限公司 filed Critical 四川海思科制药有限公司
Priority to MX2017002896A priority patent/MX2017002896A/es
Priority to MYPI2017700643A priority patent/MY194087A/en
Priority to US15/508,677 priority patent/US10729666B2/en
Priority to EA201790525A priority patent/EA035649B1/ru
Priority to EP15837862.0A priority patent/EP3189834B1/en
Priority to JP2017512737A priority patent/JP6502480B2/ja
Priority to CA2959812A priority patent/CA2959812C/en
Priority to KR1020177009061A priority patent/KR102056649B1/ko
Publication of WO2016034079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016034079A1/zh
Priority to HK16109684.4A priority patent/HK1221897A1/zh
Priority to ZA2017/01785A priority patent/ZA201701785B/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A61K31/05—Phenols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/14—Details; Accessories therefor
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    • A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
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    • A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
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    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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    • A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, a pharmaceutical composition containing a phenol derivative and its use in the field of central nervous system, particularly in sedation anesthesia. It also relates to a method of administering a phenol derivative for sedation anesthesia.
  • the GABA A receptor (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor in the central nervous system. GABA A receptors are involved in the pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment of various diseases such as anesthesia, depression, anxiety, epilepsy, memory disorders, and drug dependence. Therefore, the GABA A receptor is a pharmacological and clinically important drug target. Propofol is a novel, fast-acting, short-acting intravenous anesthetic that targets GABA A and is used for anesthesia induction, anesthesia maintenance, and sedation in ICU critically ill patients.
  • Propofol enhances the activation of multiple GABA A receptor subtypes and is a clinically mature intravenous anesthetic widely used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
  • Propofol anesthesia induces rapid onset, rapid recovery, improved functional recovery, and low incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
  • adverse effects such as respiratory depression, propofol infusion syndrome, or therapeutic side doses, such as respiratory depression, propofol infusion syndrome, Injection pain and hemodynamic effects limit its use in a variety of clinical situations, particularly hemodynamic effects, and propofol administration, especially in bolus form, often lowers blood pressure but does not have a compensatory increase in heart rate.
  • cardiovascular disease eg coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, plate model heart
  • diseases and congenital heart disease e.g., chronic hypertension, brain injury, hemorrhagic shock patients, etc.
  • Intravenous anesthetics used to induce general anesthesia or sedation in the clinic include propofol, midazolam, ketamine, thiopental, sodium oxybate and etomidate, but there are still new intravenous anesthetics And the need to administer such intravenous anesthetics for inducing a method of maintaining anesthesia or sedation.
  • propofol also has obvious limitations and disadvantages. It has been reported that about 70% of patients have some degree of pain or discomfort when taking propofol (Pascale Picard (2000). Anesthesia & Analgesia, 90, 963-969). Although it has been reported that pretreatment or combination therapy with other drugs can reduce the incidence and severity of propofol injection pain (CHTan et al. (1998). Anaesthesia, 53, 302-305), this pain is still difficult to avoid. .
  • the dosage is generally 2.0-2.5 mg/kg, generally used in combination with an analgesic, and the propofol injection for the anesthesia-inducing part can be injected with a ratio of more than 20:1 and 0.5% or 1% of lidocaine.
  • the mixture is used in combination to reduce the pain of injection.
  • Propofol has been shown to reduce systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure, thus causing hypotension in the clinic.
  • respiratory depression is also a risk that cannot be ignored when using propofol.
  • These adverse reactions have largely hindered propofol in some clinical cases.
  • Applications such as cardiovascular disease, brain damage and chronic hypotension.
  • the compound of the present invention is a propofol analog, which is a high-fat soluble substance which is directly administered into the bloodstream and causes rapid onset of anesthesia.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical preparation which is stable, has high efficacy, low dosage, good safety, reduced injection pain, good compliance, low cost or no need to introduce other preparations, and is prepared in the preparation thereof.
  • the invention also provides a method of sedating anesthesia and a pharmaceutical composition and its use in sedation anesthesia.
  • Compound (I) has stronger GABA A enhancing activity than propofol, exhibits a larger therapeutic index, a higher safety index in animal experiments, a wider therapeutic window, and a lower free concentration of the aqueous phase in the formulation, predictable It has the effect of avoiding injection pain and has good clinical application prospects.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation characterized by comprising an active ingredient, which is a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof,
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; n is selected from 1 or 2.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the active ingredient is a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl or iso A propyl group; R 2 is selected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a cyclopropyl group, and n is selected from 1 or 2.
  • the active ingredient is a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl or iso A propyl group; R 2 is selected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a cyclopropyl group, and n is selected from 1 or 2.
  • the compound of the formula (I) is selected from one of the following structures:
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation characterized by comprising 0.01 w/v% to 5 w/v% of an active ingredient, which is a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Or a prodrug.
  • a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof in an amount of from 0.01 w/v% to 5 w/v%; preferably from 0.05 w/v% to 3 w/v% Further preferably 0.1w/v% to 2w/v%;
  • solubilizer the content of which is from 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; preferably from 0.1 w/v% to 15 w/v%; further preferably from 0.2 w/v% to 10 w/v%;
  • a latent solvent having a content of from 0 w/v% to w/v 30%; preferably from 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; further preferably from 0.1 w/v% to 10 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of Tween-80, Tween-20, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearic acid.
  • the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of Tween-80, Tween-20, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearic acid.
  • the esters ie, solutol HS15
  • poloxamer preferably Tween-80, Tween-20 or polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearate (ie solutol HS15)
  • the latent solvent is selected from any one of ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol or a mixture of any of a few in any ratio.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, which is a lyophilized preparation comprising:
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is a lyophilized preparation, and the solution to be lyophilized after the liquid preparation comprises:
  • a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof in an amount of from 0.01 w/v% to 5 w/v%; preferably from 0.05 w/v% to 3 w/v% Further preferably 0.1 to 2 w/v%;
  • solubilizer the content of which is from 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; preferably from 0.1 w/v% to 15 w/v%; further preferably from 0.2 w/v% to 10 w/v%;
  • a latent solvent the content of which is 0 to 30 w/v%; preferably 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; further preferably 0.1 w/v% to 10 w/v%;
  • a filler having a content of from 1 w/v% to 30 w/v%; preferably from 3 w/v% to 15 w/v%; further preferably 5 w/v% to ⁇ 10w/v%.
  • a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof in an amount of from 0.01 w/v% to 5 w/v%; preferably from 0.05 w/v% to 3 w/v% Further preferably 0.1 to 2 w/v%;
  • solubilizer the content of which is from 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; preferably from 0.1 w/v% to 15 w/v%; further preferably from 0.2 w/v% to 10 w/v%;
  • a latent solvent the content of which is 0 to 30 w/v%; preferably 0.1 w/v% to 20 w/v%; further preferably 0.1 w/v% to 10 w/v%;
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, which is further lyophilized after completion of the liquid preparation.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of Tween-80, Tween-20, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearic acid.
  • the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of Tween-80, Tween-20, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearic acid.
  • the latent solvent is selected from any one of ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol or a mixture of any of a plurality of ratios
  • the filler is selected from the group consisting of lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, cysteine, glycine, sorbitol, calcium lactate, dextran or Any one or a mixture of any of several ratios of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the lyophilized preparation or the aqueous preparation further comprising at least one pH adjusting agent in an amount of from 0 to 10 w/v%, preferably from 0 to 5 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the pH adjusting agent is selected from any one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and malic acid; Any one or a mixture of any one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, citric acid, or hydrochloric acid is preferred; any one or more of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid is further preferred. Mixtures in any ratio.
  • the invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the lyophilized preparation or the aqueous preparation also comprising at least one isotonicity adjusting agent in an amount of from 0 to 5 w/v%, preferably from 0 to 2 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the isotonicity adjusting agent is selected from any one of glycerin, a saccharide or a sugar alcohol or a mixture of any one of any ratio; preferably glycerin, glucose, fructose, maltose Any one or a mixture of any of a plurality of polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, xylitol or mannitol; more preferably any of glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol or mannitol One or any mixture of any ratio; more preferably any one or a mixture of any one of glycerin, polyethylene glycol or mannitol; further preferably glycerol.
  • the isotonicity adjusting agent is selected from any one of glycerin, a saccharide or a sugar alcohol or a mixture of any one of any ratio; preferably glycerin,
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the oily component is selected from any one or a mixture of any of natural or (and) synthetic fats which are biocompatible, which can be metabolized in the human body, in any ratio; preferably large Soybean oil, linseed oil, medium chain triglycerides, structural triglycerides, olive oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, castor oil, fish oil, sesame oil or tea oil Any one or any mixture of any ratio; preferably any one or a mixture of any of soybean oil, olive oil, fish oil, structural triglyceride, linseed oil or medium chain triglyceride Further, any one or a mixture of two of soybean oil and medium chain triglyceride is preferred.
  • the oily component is selected from any one or a mixture of any of natural or (and) synthetic fats which are biocompatible, which can be metabolized in
  • the fatty emulsion further comprises at least one emulsifier.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of glycerol monooleate, Tween-80, Tween-20, poloxamer, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrazine hydride Sesame oil, polyethylene glycol glyceride, polyethylene glycol 15 hydroxystearate, egg yolk lecithin, egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, soybean lecithin, soybean phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg yolk lecithin, hydrogenated egg yolk phosphatidylcholine Alkali, hydrogenated soy lecithin, hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, distearoylphosphatidylcholine, dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, etc.
  • the emulsifier is selected from the
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the fat emulsion comprising:
  • a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof in an amount of from 0.01 w/v% to 5 w/v%; preferably from 0.05 w/v% to 3 w/v% Further preferably 0.1w/v% to 2w/v%;
  • an oily component the content of which is 5 w/v% to 30 w/v%; preferably 5 w/v% to 20 w/v%; further preferably 5 w/v% to 15 w/v%;
  • An emulsifier having a content of from 0.5 w/v% to 5 w/v%; preferably from 0.5 w/v% to 3 w/v%; further preferably from 0.5 w/v% to 2 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the fat emulsion further comprising at least one co-emulsifier in an amount of from 0 to 0.2 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the co-emulsifier is selected from any one or more of sodium oleate, sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, oleic acid, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid or cholesterol. Mixture in any ratio; preferably any one of oleic acid, sodium oleate or a mixture of two in any ratio.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the fat emulsion further comprising at least one isotonicity adjusting agent, which comprises The amount is from 0 w/v% to 5 w/v%.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the isotonicity adjusting agent is selected from any one of glycerin, a saccharide or a sugar alcohol or a mixture of any one of any ratio; preferably glycerin, glucose, fructose, maltose Any one or a mixture of any of a plurality of polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, xylitol or mannitol; more preferably any of glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol or mannitol One or any mixture of any ratio; more preferably any one or a mixture of any one of glycerin, polyethylene glycol or mannitol; further preferably glycerol.
  • the isotonicity adjusting agent is selected from any one of glycerin, a saccharide or a sugar alcohol or a mixture of any one of any ratio; preferably glycerin,
  • the fat emulsion further comprises at least one pH adjusting agent in an amount of 0% to 10 w/v%, and the pH adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
  • the pH adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Any one or any of triethanolamine, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate, citric acid, citrate, acetic acid, acetate, malic acid; preferably sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine, or hydrochloric acid Any one or any mixture of any ratio; more preferably any one of sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid or a mixture of two in any ratio.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, the fat emulsion comprising:
  • glycerin the content of which is 0w/v% to 5w/v%;
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation, wherein the fat emulsion has a pH of from 3.0 to 10.0; preferably from 4.0 to 9.0; further preferably from 6.0 to 9.0.
  • the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of the pharmaceutical preparation.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation may further comprise other additives, including but not limited to any one of antioxidants, antibacterial agents and the like or a mixture of any of several ratios.
  • the antibacterial agent includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of methyl benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, disodium edetate, sodium calcium edetate, and the like;
  • the antioxidants include, but are not limited to, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, potassium pyrosulfite, sodium thiosulfate, dibutyl phenol, butylated hydroxyanisole (ie, BHA), tert-butyl-p-benzene. Any one or any of diphenol (TBHQ), dibutylhydroxytoluene (ie, BHT), disodium edetate, or sodium edetate.
  • TBHQ diphenol
  • BHT dibutylhydroxytoluene
  • disodium edetate or sodium edetate.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation according to the present invention, which is used for inducing and maintaining anesthesia in an animal or a human, promoting sedative hypnosis in an animal or human, treating and/or preventing anxiety, depression, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, and partial deviation.
  • the active ingredient is a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.
  • Preparation of oil phase Weigh the oily component, add the emulsifier and the compound of formula (I) to the oily component under inert gas atmosphere under high-speed stirring, stir evenly as the oil phase, and control the oil phase temperature to 50-80. °C.
  • Preparation of the aqueous phase Under an inert gas atmosphere, the isotonic adjusting agent and the stabilizer are added to an appropriate amount of water for injection and stirred uniformly.
  • the temperature of the aqueous phase is controlled to be 50 to 80 °C.
  • Emulsion preparation Under an inert gas atmosphere, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase to obtain colostrum under high-speed agitation, and the colostrum preparation can be carried out at 50-80 °C. It is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer until the milk particles are qualified, filtered, potted, sterilized, and cooled to obtain a milky injection of the compound of the formula (I).
  • the pH of the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention can be usually adjusted to 6.0 to 9.0.
  • the stirring mode, the rotation speed and the time are controlled as needed, and the high shear mixing emulsifier is preferred in the preparation of the colostrum. It can be carried out as needed.
  • the conditions and time of homogenization are well known to those skilled in the art, as long as the average particle size of the homogenized milk particles does not exceed 350 nm, and the particle size of 95% is Do not pass 1.5 ⁇ m and must not have particles larger than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the sterilization may be by autoclaving, hot water immersion sterilization, spray sterilization, etc., as an example of a more preferred sterilization process, which may be sterilized by autoclaving (for example, 121 ° C, 12 minutes).
  • the inert gas is selected from, but not limited to, nitrogen.
  • the preparation method adopted by the invention comprises the compound of the general formula (I) being uniformly dispersed in the oil for injection and the emulsifier and being wrapped by the oil phase, and then adding the water phase, and the oil-in-water fat emulsion prepared has good stability and clinical Under the side reaction, the accelerated and long-term stability test proves that the quality of the product is stable and is conducive to large-scale production.
  • the method of mixing the components is not limited as long as a clear liquid preparation can be obtained, and can be carried out according to a general process.
  • a clear liquid preparation can be obtained, and can be carried out according to a general process.
  • the preparation amount is 50% to 80%, and the water for injection is stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution (2).
  • the latent solvent may be optionally added to (1) or (2), and (1) and (2) are mixed under stirring, and stirred uniformly.
  • the solution preparation and lyophilization process before lyophilization are not limited, and can be carried out according to a general process.
  • the compound of the present invention, a solubilizing agent, and other oil-soluble additives are weighed, and the temperature is controlled at 20 to 80 ° C, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the latent solvent can be added according to the situation (1) or In (2), (1) and (2) are mixed under stirring, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a clear liquid.
  • the preparation method of the lyophilized preparation of the compound of the invention used in the invention is characterized in that the preparation method is simple and convenient, is more convenient for long-term storage and convenient transportation, and is advantageous for large-scale production.
  • the invention also provides a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; n is selected from 1 or 2.
  • R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl or isopropyl
  • R 2 is selected from methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.
  • n being selected from 1 or 2.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention for general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal said compound of formula (I) being selected from one of the following structures:
  • a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention for general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal said compound of formula (I) being selected from one of the following structures:
  • the invention relates to a method for inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or A prodrug wherein the effective dose is a loading dose and/or a maintenance dose, wherein the loading dose of the compound of formula (I) is in the range of 0.01 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg, and the maintenance dose of the compound of formula (I)
  • the loading dose of the prodrug of the compound of the formula (I) is in the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 30.0 mg/kg in the range of from 0.01 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 20.0 mg/(kg ⁇ h).
  • a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention for general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal wherein the prodrug of the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds of formula (II):
  • R 1 , R 2 and n are as defined for the compound of formula (I);
  • Z + are each independently selected from H + , an alkali metal ion or an amine ion; wherein the alkali metal ion is selected from Na + or K + , preferably Na + .
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein the effective dose comprises a loading dose and/or a maintenance dose.
  • inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a patient may be related to whether the patient is a human or a mammal other than a human; it may also be related to the patient's age, weight, sex, diet, state of health, or mental state.
  • an anesthesiologist, veterinarian, or other medical discipline or health care practitioner in the field selects and adjusts the loading dose and/or maintenance dose based on the above-mentioned influencing factors and the patient's reactivity changes to achieve a relatively stable blood drug concentration.
  • stable anesthesia depth strong controllability, good recovery quality and stable vital signs.
  • a range of doses can be chosen, depending largely on the level and depth of general anesthesia or sedation to be reached.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the general anesthetic or sedative loading dose of the compound of formula (I) is optionally selected from the range of 0.01 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg, Optionally selected from the range of 0.05 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg, in the range of 0.05 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, optionally Is selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 8.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 6.0 mg/kg.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the prodrug of the compound of formula (I) is generally anesthetized or sedated at a loading dose of from 0.1 mg/kg to 30.0 mg/kg.
  • a loading dose of from 0.1 mg/kg to 30.0 mg/kg.
  • 0.5 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg 1.0 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, and 1.0 mg/kg to 8.0 mg/kg.
  • 1.0 mg/kg to 7.0 mg/kg in the range of 1.0 mg/kg to 6.0 mg/kg or in the range of 1.0 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg.
  • the maintenance dose for general anesthesia or sedation of the compound of formula (I) is optionally selected from 0.01 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 20.0 mg/(kg Within the range of h), optionally selected from the range of 0.01 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 15.0 mg/(kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from 0.01 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 10.0 mg/ Within the range of (kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from the range of 0.02 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 6.0 mg/(kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from 0.05 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 6.0 In the range of mg/(kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from the range of 0.05 mg/(kg ⁇ h) to 5.0 mg/(kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from 0.05 mg/(kg ⁇ h) In the range of 4.0 mg / (kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg / (kg ⁇ h), optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg / (kg ⁇ h).
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the loading dose of the compound of formula (I) or a prodrug thereof is administered within 10 minutes, preferably within 2 minutes.
  • the dosing period of the maintenance dose is determined by the time to maintain general anesthesia or sedation in the mammal.
  • the administration form of the compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof is optionally selected from the group consisting of single administration, multiple administration, continuous administration and target controlled infusion.
  • One or more of the preferred forms of administration are target controlled infusions.
  • a loading dose that induces general anesthesia or sedation is usually administered in a single injection.
  • the maintenance dose to maintain general anesthesia or sedation can be administered by multiple injections, but in this method, the blood concentration will be sawtooth-like fluctuations, and the patient's anesthesia will fluctuate accordingly. Therefore, in clinical practice, the maintenance dose is mostly continuous infusion or target-controlled infusion, which avoids fluctuations in blood drug concentration peaks and troughs after the divided administration, the anesthesia depth is easy to control, and the anesthesia process is stable.
  • the compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof for use in inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal can be administered by a wide variety of routes of administration.
  • Routes include, but are not limited to, routes of administration selected from the group consisting of intravenous injection, intra-arterial injection, intramuscular injection, transdermal absorption, absorption, parenteral, intra-abdominal, rectal, buccal, intranasal, inhalation, passage Local delivery, subcutaneous, intra-fat, intra-articular, intraperitoneal, and intrathecal.
  • the administration is by intravenous injection.
  • the compound of formula (I) is a GABA A receptor enhancer.
  • the receptor undergoes a conformational change on the cell membrane, the receptor channel is open, and the chloride anion can pass through the ion channel along the potential and concentration gradient.
  • the cells are hyperpolarized, so that the depolarization effect of the agonistic neurotransmitters and the possibility of generating action potentials are weakened. Therefore, the receptor mainly exerts an inhibitory action and reduces the activity of neurons.
  • GABA A receptor enhancers typically produce anti-anxiety, anticonvulsant, amnesia, sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, euphoria, and muscle relaxation. In a particular variation, administration is performed to induce or maintain general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the invention also provides a method of inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, the method comprising simultaneously administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) and one or more compounds other than formula (I)
  • the other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of a drug having sedative hypnosis or anesthesia aid, and the effective dose includes a loading dose and/or a maintenance dose.
  • the compound loading dose of formula (I) is optionally selected from the range of 0.01 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of 0.05 mg/kg to 15.0 mg/kg , in the range of 0.05 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, Optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 8.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 6.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from 0.1 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg Within the range, optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 4.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of from 0.1 mg/kg to 3.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from 0.1 mg/kg to In the range of 2.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of 0.1 mg/kg to 1.0 mg/kg, optionally selected from the range of
  • the invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, in a variant, the method further comprising simultaneously administering to the mammal one or more other active ingredients other than a compound of formula (I),
  • the other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of drugs having sedative hypnosis or anesthesia assist.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of a ⁇ -aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, a ⁇ -aminobutyric acid receptor enhancer, and an M receptor.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an intravenous anesthetic, an inhaled anesthetic or an anesthetic adjuvant.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the intravenous anesthetic is optionally selected from the group consisting of propofol, sodium fospropofol, midazolam, ketamine, sulfur Sodium pentoxide, sodium oxybate or relying on Mimiesters, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the inhalation anesthetic is optionally selected from the group consisting of sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, desflurane, methoxyflurane or nitrous oxide;
  • the anesthetic adjuvant is optionally selected from the group consisting of a sedative hypnotic, an anticholinergic, a muscle relaxant, an antiemetic, a local anesthetic or an analgesic.
  • the present invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the sedative hypnotic agent is optionally selected from the group consisting of diazepam, flurazepam, chlordiazepoxide, estazolam, chlorine Nitrazepam, Glutamine, Methotrexate, Buspirone, Midazolam, Dexmedetomidine, Droperidol, Promethazine, Chlorpromazine, Barbital, Phenobarbital , pentobarbital, pentobarbital, sevobarbital or thiopental, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; preferably cilantro, flurazepam, midazolam, dexamethasone Mimidine, promethazine or chlorpromazine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • Said anticholinergic agent is optionally selected from atropine or scopolamine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the muscle relaxant is optionally selected from the group consisting of vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide, pancuronium bromide, piperacium bromide, micurium chloride, atracurium or succinylcholine, including their pharmacy An acceptable salt; preferably vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide, pancuronium bromide or pipecuronium bromide, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the antiemetic agent is optionally selected from the group consisting of tropisetron, palonose, granisetron, dolasetron, scopolamine, cericonine or metoclopramide, including their pharmaceutically acceptable a salt; preferably tropisetron or scopolamine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the local anesthetic is optionally selected from the group consisting of lidocaine, ropivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, atucaine or dyclonine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; Lidocaine or ropivacaine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the analgesic is optionally selected from the group consisting of fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil, morphine, meperidine, dextrozine, butorphanol, oxycodone or nai Well-being, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; preferably fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil or meperidine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; more preferably fen Tainu or remifentanil, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the invention relates to a method of general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, in a variant, the compound of the formula (I) is administered in combination with alfentanil, fentanyl or remifentanil, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof .
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, wherein The alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of Na, K or Li, and the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of Ca.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation, wherein the liquid or lyophilized formulation comprises a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, liquid or frozen
  • concentration of the pre-dry solution ranges from 0.1 mg/mL to 50.0 mg/mL, and the optional concentration ranges from 0.1 mg/mL to 40.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration range of 0.5.
  • Mg/mL to 40.0 mg/mL optionally in the range of 0.5 mg/mL to 30.0 mg/mL, optionally in the range of 1.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in the range of 2.0 mg/mL to 20.0 Mg/mL, optionally in the range of 3.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in the range of 4.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in the range of 5.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL,
  • the concentration range is from 5.0 mg/mL to 15.0 mg/mL, and optionally in the range of from 5.0 mg/mL to 10.0 mg/mL.
  • a pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation comprising a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, liquid
  • concentration of the solution before lyophilization is optionally selected from the group consisting of 1.0 mg/mL, 2.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 4.0 mg/mL, 5.0 mg/mL, 6.0 mg/mL, 7.0 mg/mL, 8.0 mg/ mL, 9.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 11.0 mg/mL, 12.0 mg/mL, 13.0 mg/mL, 14.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg/mL, 16.0 mg/mL, 17.0 mg/mL, 18.0 mg/ mL, 19.0 mg/mL or 20.0 mg/mL.
  • a compound of formula (I) with one or more intravenous anesthetics and/or anesthetic adjuvants other than a compound of formula (I) provides excellent effects, for example, improving anesthesia quality and reducing perioperative compound of formula (I)
  • the dosage, increased safety, patient compliance, reduced incidence of adverse reactions, and reduced number of doses administered by an anesthesiologist make the induction of anesthesia more convenient.
  • a pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation, wherein the liquid or lyophilized formulation further comprises one or more additional active ingredients other than a compound of formula (I), said other active
  • the ingredient is selected from the group consisting of drugs having sedative or hypnotic or anesthesia-assisted effects.
  • the other active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation is selected from the group consisting of a gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, a gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor enhancer, and an M receptor antagonist Agent, N 2 receptor antagonist, serotonin 3 receptor antagonist, sodium channel antagonist or opioid receptor agonist.
  • the other active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation is selected from the group consisting of an intravenous anesthetic and/or an anesthetic adjuvant.
  • the above pharmaceutical composition formulated as a liquid or lyophilized formulation comprises one or more autologous anesthetics and/or anesthetic adjuvants other than a compound of formula (I) and a compound of formula (I) .
  • the liquid preparation or the solution before lyophilization comprises a concentration of the compound of the formula (I) ranging from 0.1 mg/mL to 50.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration ranging from 0.1 mg/mL to 40.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration range of 0.5 mg/mL to 40.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration ranging from 0.5 mg/mL to 30.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration ranging from 1.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration range of 2.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration range of 3.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration ranging from 4.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, optionally in a concentration ranging from 5.0 mg/mL to 20.0 mg/mL, Optional concentrations range from 5.0 mg/mL to 15.0 mg/mL, and optional concentrations range from 5.0 mg/mL,
  • the concentration of the compound of formula (I) in the liquid or lyophilized formulation is optionally selected from the group consisting of 1.0 mg/mL, 2.0 mg/mL 3.0mg/mL, 4.0mg/mL, 5.0mg/mL, 6.0mg/mL, 7.0mg/mL, 8.0mg/mL, 9.0mg/mL, 10.0mg/mL, 11.0mg/mL, 12.0mg/mL , 13.0mg/mL, 14.0mg/mL, 15.0 mg/mL, 16.0 mg/mL, 17.0 mg/mL, 18.0 mg/mL, 19.0 mg/mL or 20.0 mg/mL.
  • the intravenous anesthetic is optionally selected from the group consisting of propofol, sodium fospropofol, midazolam, ketamine, sulfur spray Sodium, sodium oxybate or etomidate, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; preferably midazolam or etomidate, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the anesthetic adjuvant is optionally selected from the group consisting of a sedative hypnotic, an anticholinergic, a muscle relaxant, an antiemetic, a local anesthetic or a town. Pain medicine.
  • the sedative hypnotic agent is optionally selected from the group consisting of diazepam, flurazepam, chlordiazepoxide, estazolam, chloramine Xiqiao, Glutamine, Methotrexate, Buspirone, Midazolam, Dexmedetomidine, Droperidol, Promethazine, Chlorpromazine, Barbital, Phenobarbital, Pentobarbital, isobarbital, sevobarbital or thiopental, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; preferably cilantro, flurazepam, midazolam, dexmedetomidine A promethazine or chlorpromazine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • Said anticholinergic agent is optionally selected from atropine or scopolamine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the muscle relaxant is optionally selected from the group consisting of vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide, pancuronium bromide, piperacium bromide, micurium chloride, atracurium or succinylcholine, including their pharmacy An acceptable salt; preferably vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide, pancuronium bromide or pipecuronium bromide, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the antiemetic agent is optionally selected from the group consisting of tropisetron, palonose, granisetron, dolasetron, scopolamine, cericonine or metoclopramide, including their pharmaceutically acceptable a salt; preferably tropisetron or scopolamine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the local anesthetic is optionally selected from the group consisting of lidocaine, ropivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, atucaine or dyclonine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; Lidocaine or ropivacaine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;
  • the analgesic is optionally selected from the group consisting of fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil, morphine, meperidine, dextrozine, butorphanol, oxycodone and nai Well-being, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, preferably fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil or meperidine; including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; more preferably fen Tainu or remifentanil, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises a local anesthetic and a compound of formula (I), optionally selected from the group consisting of lidocaine, ropivacaine, prilocaine , one or more of bupivacaine, aucaine and dyclonine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, preferably lidocaine or ropivacaine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable
  • the salt of the formula (I) includes a stereoisomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises an opioid analgesic and a compound of formula (I), said opioid analgesic being optionally selected from the group consisting of fentanyl and remifentanil , one or more of sufentanil, alfentanil, morphine, dextrozine, butorphanol and oxycodone, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, preferably fentanyl, remifen Too Nitrogen, sufentanil, alfentanil or meperidine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, more preferably fentanyl or remifentanil, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts,
  • the compound of formula (I) includes stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
  • Each of the above embodiments and variations thereof for a pharmaceutical composition, optionally in a liquid or lyophilized formulation, is suitable for intravenous administration.
  • the liquid preparation is optionally an aqueous preparation suitable for intravenous administration or a fat emulsion suitable for intravenous administration.
  • the compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof is included in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula (I) is selected from an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, wherein the alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of Na, K or Li, and the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of Ca .
  • the prodrug of the compound of formula (I) is as defined by the compound of formula (II):
  • Z + is independently selected from H + , an alkali metal ion or an amine ion, wherein the alkali metal ion is selected from Na + or K + , preferably Na + .
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be used for pharmacological effects produced by the GABA A receptor enhancer, such as inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal, Anxiety, anticonvulsant, amnesia, sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, euphoria, and muscle relaxation.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be used to induce or maintain general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the administration route of the pharmaceutical composition includes, but is not limited to, a route of administration selected from the group consisting of intravenous injection, intra-arterial injection, intramuscular injection, and penetration. Skin absorption, absorption, parenteral, rectal, rectal, buccal, intranasal, inhalation, local delivery, subcutaneous, intra-, intra-articular, intraperitoneal, and intrathecal.
  • the administration is by intravenous injection.
  • the invention provides a kit comprising: a single or multiple doses of a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention; and instructions for containing one or more forms of information selected from the group consisting of The disease state, storage information of the pharmaceutical composition, administration information, and instructions on how to administer the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the present invention provides an article of manufacture comprising: a single or multiple doses of a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention; Packaging material.
  • the article of manufacture further comprises a packaging material, such as a container and/or label for placing the single or multiple doses of the pharmaceutical composition, the label displaying one or more items selected from the group consisting of one or more of the following : The disease state, storage information, administration information, and/or instructions for how to administer the composition to which the composition is administered.
  • a packaging material such as a container and/or label for placing the single or multiple doses of the pharmaceutical composition
  • the label displaying one or more items selected from the group consisting of one or more of the following : The disease state, storage information, administration information, and/or instructions for how to administer the composition to which the composition is administered.
  • the present invention provides a compound of the formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof for the preparation of anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, amnesia, sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, euphoria and muscle relaxation Use of the drug.
  • a compound of formula (I), or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for inducing or maintaining general anesthesia or sedation in a mammal.
  • the present invention provides a compound of the formula (I) in combination with one or more other active ingredients other than the compound of the formula (I) for the preparation of anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, amnesia, sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, euphoria and muscle relaxation.
  • an effective drug having the effect of sedative hypnosis or anesthesia assist.
  • the compound of formula (I) is combined with one or more intravenous anesthetics and/or anesthetic adjuvants other than a compound of formula (I) for the preparation or induction of general anesthesia or analgesia in a mammal. Use in medicine.
  • the present invention provides the use of a compound of formula (I) for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and one or more other active ingredients other than a compound of formula (I) for inducing Or to maintain general anesthesia or analgesia in a mammal having sedative or hypnotic or anesthesia-assisted effects.
  • the invention provides the use of one or more other active ingredients other than a compound of formula (I), in addition to a compound of formula (I), and one or more compounds other than formula (I) A combination of other active ingredients for general anesthesia or analgesia in a mammal.
  • the other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an intravenous anesthetic and/or an anesthetic adjuvant.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, wherein the alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of Na, K or Li, said alkaline earth The metal is selected from Ca.
  • the prodrug of the compound of formula (I) is as shown by the compound of formula (II):
  • Z + is independently selected from H + , an alkali metal ion or an amine ion, wherein the alkali metal ion is selected from Na + or K + , preferably Na + .
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl, and n is selected from 1 or 2;
  • R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl or isopropyl
  • R 2 is selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or cyclopropyl
  • n is selected from 1 or 2;
  • the compound of formula (I) is more preferably selected from one of the following structures:
  • the compound of the formula (I) is particularly preferably selected from one of the following structures:
  • General anesthesia refers to the inhalation of drugs through the respiratory tract, intravenous or intramuscular injection into the body, resulting in temporary inhibition of the central nervous system, clinical manifestations of loss of consciousness, loss of systemic pain, forgetting, reflex inhibition and skeletal muscle relaxation.
  • the degree of inhibition of the central nervous system is related to the concentration of the drug in the blood and can be controlled and regulated. This suppression is completely Inverse, when the drug is metabolized or excreted from the body, the patient's consciousness and various reflexes gradually recover.
  • “Sedation” refers to the relief of mental excitement or the reduction of physiological function after drug administration.
  • “Mammal” is a vertebrate with full body hair, fast movement, constant temperature, and sputum in the body. It is the most advanced animal group with the most complex body structure and functional behavior in vertebrates. It can breastfeed larvae by secreting milk through the breast. And got its name. These include, but are not limited to, mice, rats, cows, pigs, sheep, buffalo, dogs, cats, horses, apes, monkeys, gorillas, and humans, preferably humans.
  • an effective dose is meant an amount sufficient to induce or maintain anesthesia or sedation at the time of administration.
  • Loading dose refers to the amount of an anesthetic or sedative effect that rapidly reaches a peak effect after a single administration of the drug.
  • Maintenance dose is the amount of drug needed to maintain anesthesia or sedation, the rate of drug administered amount mg / (kg.h) or mg / (m 2 .h) FIG.
  • Single administration refers to the injection of a dose of a drug at a time to quickly achieve a suitable anesthesia or sedation depth, and is often used for anesthesia or sedation induction and short surgery.
  • Multiple administration refers to the intravenous injection of a certain dose of the drug to achieve a suitable depth of anesthesia or sedation, and then add drugs according to the reaction of anesthesia or sedation and the need of surgery to maintain a certain anesthesia or sedation depth. .
  • Continuous administration means that anesthetized or sedated subjects are continuously instilled or pumped at different rates to maintain anesthesia or sedation depth after anesthesia or sedation induction. Delivery rates include manual settings and computer settings. With pharmacokinetic models and theories, the required dose to achieve a satisfactory and desired blood concentration time course can be calculated.
  • Target-controlled infusion is based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics theory when injecting intravenous drugs, using computers to simulate the process and effect process of drugs in the body, and to find the most reasonable drug regimen, The drug injection pump is then controlled to achieve a stable concentration of the blood drug concentration or effect site (target concentration value), thereby controlling the anesthesia or sedation depth, and the drug delivery system can be adjusted at any time according to clinical needs.
  • Intravenous anesthetic refers to a drug that enters the body intravenously and exerts a general anesthetic effect by acting on the central nervous system through blood circulation.
  • Non-limiting examples include propofol, sodium fospropofol, midazolam, and ketamine. , thiopental, propofol, sodium oxybate and etomidate, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • “Inhalation anesthetic” means a drug that is inhaled through the respiratory tract and produces central nervous system inhibition to produce general anesthesia.
  • Non-limiting examples include sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, desflurane, methoxyflurane. And nitrous oxide.
  • “Anesthetic adjuvant” refers to a drug that is useful for assisting general anesthetics in compound anesthesia, and non-limiting examples include sedative hypnotics, anticholinergics, muscle relaxants, antiemetics, local anesthetics, and analgesics. .
  • “Sedative hypnotics” refer to drugs that cause sedation and approximate physiological sleep. Small doses produce sedative effects, and larger doses can produce hypnotic effects. Non-limiting examples include diazepam, flurazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and AI. Sizozolam, clonazepam, glumetamide, methylpropionate, buspirone, midazolam, dexmedetomidine, droperidol, barbital, phenobarbital, pentabar Bitot, barbital, barbiturate and thiopental, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • Anticholinergic refers to a drug that blocks a choline receptor such that the transmitter acetylcholine does not bind to the receptor and exhibits the opposite effect of the cholinergic agent, non-limiting examples include atropine, scopolamine, penehyclidine, and Glycopyrrolate, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • “Muscle relaxant” refers to a drug that selectively acts on reversible skeletal muscle relaxation produced by the N 2 receptor on the motor neuron plate membrane, non-limiting examples including vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide , guancuronium bromide, piperacium bromide, milcuronium chloride, atracurium and succinylcholine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • Antiemetic refers to a drug that prevents or reduces nausea and vomiting, and non-limiting examples include alkylsone, palonose, granisetron, dolasetron, scopolamine, cericonine, and methoxychlor Plutamines, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • “Local anesthetic” refers to a drug that locally reversibly blocks the onset and transmission of sensory nerve impulses, non-limiting examples include procaine, chloroprocaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, Lidocaine, ropivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, eticacaine, mepivacaine and atticacaine, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • “Analgesic” means a drug that acts primarily on the central nervous system, selectively eliminates or relieves pain, has no significant effect on other sensations (such as hearing, vision, and touch), and remains awake.
  • Non-limiting examples are selected from fen. Taini, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil, meperidine, morphine, dextrozine, butorphanol, oxycodone and nefopam, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts .
  • Opioid analgesic refers to a drug that agonizes opioid receptors to eliminate or reduce pain and alter the emotional response to pain, non-limiting examples being selected from the group consisting of afarodidine, fentanyl, remifentanil, Sufentanil, afentanil, meperidine, morphine, dextrozine, butorphanol, oxycodone, nalpronol, anilide, benzylmorphine, buprenorphine, butorphanol , chlordazin, cyclozocine, dextromorphine, dextromethamine, dextrozine, dipropenylamine, diacetin, dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, dimethacin, dimepeptone, Dimethylide, morphine, dipyridone, etatazocin, isoxapazine, methotrexate, ethylmorphine, e
  • “Pharmaceutical composition” means a mixture of a compound of the formula (I) of the present invention or a stereoisomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof and other chemical components, wherein “other chemical component” means pharmacy An acceptable carrier, excipient, and/or one or more other drugs.
  • Carrier means a material that does not cause significant irritation to the organism and does not abrogate the biological activity and properties of the administered compound.
  • Excipient means an inert substance that is added to a pharmaceutical composition to facilitate administration of the compound.
  • Non-limiting examples include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, sugar, starch, cellulose derivatives (including microcrystalline cellulose), gelatin, vegetable oil, polyethylene Glycols, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders and disintegrants.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” means safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable, and including its pharmaceutically acceptable use for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use, and having the desired Pharmacologically active salts, such as, but not limited to, acid addition salts with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or with organic acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, Propionic acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, o-(4 -hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesul
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include, but are not limited to, base addition salts which, when reacted with an inorganic or organic base, form a base addition salt, said salt being selected from the group consisting of Al, Ca, Li, Mg, K, Na and Zn.
  • Acceptable inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; acceptable inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, ammonia, isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tetramethyl Base amine, diethanolamine, ethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethanol, dicyclohexylamine, caffeine, procaine, choline, betaine, phenamine penicillin Ethylenediamine, glucosamine, N-methylglucamine, theobromine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, hydrazine, piperazine, piperidine, N-
  • Prodrug means a compound of the invention that can be converted to biological activity by metabolism in vivo.
  • Prodrugs of the invention are prepared by modifying a phenolic group in a compound of the invention which can be removed by conventional procedures or in vivo to provide the parent compound.
  • the prodrug is cleaved to form a free hydroxyl group.
  • Stepoisomer refers to isomers resulting from the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule, including cis and trans isomers, enantiomers and conformational isomers.
  • heterocyclic group optionally substituted by an alkyl group means that the alkyl group may be, but not necessarily, the description includes the case where the heterocyclic group is substituted by an alkyl group, and the heterocyclic group thereof is not substituted with an alkyl group.
  • ED 50 half effective amount: The dose required to cause a 50% reduction in the righting reflex of the animal by testing.
  • ED 95 (95% effective amount): The dose required to cause 95% of the animals to lose righting reflexes by testing.
  • LD 50 half lethal dose
  • LD 5 (5% lethal dose): The dose required to kill 5% of the animals by testing.
  • Anesthesia induction time and anesthesia maintenance time start timing after administration, and closely observe the general symptoms of the animal and the local and respiratory changes. If a normal animal pushes it down or is lying on its back, it can be turned over immediately. This reflection is judged as a normal reflection. On the contrary, it is regarded as the disappearance of the righting reflection, and the reflection disappearance time is recorded. When the animal reappears the righting reflection, the reflection recovery time is recorded. The time from the end of administration to the righting reflex was recorded as the anesthesia onset time, and the disappearance of the righting reflex to the reflex recovery time was recorded as the anesthesia maintenance time.
  • TI therapeutic index, ie LD 50 /ED 50
  • SI safety index, ie LD 5 /ED 95 .
  • MTD maximum tolerated dose
  • w/v% means the weight of each component (g) / formulation volume (100 mL).
  • Figure 1 is an X-ray single crystal diffraction spectrum of Compound 7C.
  • the structure of the compound is determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or (and) mass spectrometry (MS).
  • NMR shift ( ⁇ ) is given in units of 10 -6 (ppm).
  • the NMR was measured using a (Bruker Avance III 400 and Bruker Avance 300) nuclear magnetic apparatus, and the solvent was deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d 6 ), deuterated chloroform (CDCl 3 ), deuterated methanol (CD 3 OD). ), the internal standard is tetramethylsilane (TMS);
  • HPLC HPLC was measured using an Agilent 1260 DAD high pressure liquid chromatograph (Zorbax SB-C18 100 x 4.6 mm, 3.5 ⁇ M);
  • Thin layer chromatography silica gel plate uses Yantai Yellow Sea HSGF254 or Qingdao GF254 silica gel plate.
  • the specification of silica gel plate used for thin layer chromatography (TLC) is 0.15mm ⁇ 0.20mm.
  • the specification for thin layer chromatography separation and purification is 0.4mm. ⁇ 0.5mm;
  • the known starting materials of the present invention may be synthesized by or according to methods known in the art, or may be purchased from Titan Technology, Anike Chemical, Shanghai Demo, Chengdu Kelon Chemical, Suiyuan Chemical Technology, Belling Technology, etc. Company; nitrogen atmosphere means that the reaction flask is connected to a nitrogen balloon of about 1L volume;
  • the hydrogen atmosphere means that the reaction flask is connected to a hydrogen balloon of about 1 L volume;
  • the hydrogenation reaction is usually evacuated, filled with hydrogen, and operated three times;
  • reaction is carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere
  • the solution means an aqueous solution
  • reaction temperature is room temperature
  • optimum reaction temperature at room temperature is 20 ° C to 30 ° C.
  • EDTA-2Na disodium edetate
  • 2-hydroxyacetophenone 1a (15.00 g, 0.11 mol, Angic) and tetrahydrofuran (200 mL) were sequentially added to the reaction flask, and then 1 M of cyclopropylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydrofuran was slowly added dropwise.
  • the solution (440 mL, 0.44 mol) was stirred at room temperature for 3 hr, and then aq.
  • the reaction mixture was extracted twice with dichloromethane (125 mL x 2) and the organic phases were combined.
  • Step 5 2-(1-Cyclobutylethyl)-6-isopropylphenol (Compound 3)
  • Step 5 2,6-bis(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol (Compound 4)
  • the organic phase was collected, washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (500 mL ⁇ 3), and the organic phase was transferred to a reaction flask, and tetrabutylammonium fluoride was added thereto. (127.16g, 487.12mmol), stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, added water (300 mL), and the mixture was allowed to stand.
  • the organic phase was washed with water (100 mL ⁇ 3), brine (100 mL ⁇ 2), and Drying with sodium sulfate, filtration, EtOAc (EtOAc) (EtOAc) : 62.5%, HPLC: 96.78%).
  • the third step 2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
  • Compound 1 is a racemate containing only one chiral center, and only two isomers can be obtained after resolution, namely compound 7 and compound 8.
  • Compound 8C contains two chiral centers, one of which is chiral The center is introduced by (S)-(-)-1-phenylethyl isocyanate, and the chiral carbon atom to which the cyclopropane group is bonded is identical to the chirality of the compound 8, so the structure of the chiral carbon atom to which the cyclopropane group is attached The type is the S configuration.
  • the layers were allowed to stand, the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (30 mL ⁇ 2), the organic phase was combined, and tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate (4 g, 0.013 mol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, 20 mL of water was added and stirring was continued. After 3 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for stratification, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL ⁇ 3).
  • the crude product of the previous step was taken without further purification.
  • 33.0 g of crude product was dissolved in 165 mL of dichloromethane, triethylsilane (32.75 g, 0.24 mol) was added under nitrogen atmosphere, and trifluoroacetic acid was added dropwise to below -30 °C. 64.23g, 0.48mol), the reaction was carried out at 5 ° C for 3 h after the completion of the dropwise addition; the reaction was quenched by adding 200 mL of water, and the layers were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (100 mL ⁇ 2), the organic phase was combined, and tetrabutyl fluoride was added.
  • the ammonium trihydrate (100 g, 0.28 mol) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then 500 mL of water was added, stirring was continued for 3 minutes, and the layers were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (100 mL ⁇ 3), and the organic phase was combined and washed with saturated brine.
  • Peak 1 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 7.09-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.00-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.89 (t, 1H), 4.88 (s, 1H), 2.87-2.93 ( m,1H), 2.46-2.56 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, 3H), 1.24 (d, 3H), 1.02-1.08 (m, 1H), 0.89 (t, 3H), 0.53-0.58 (m, 1H), 0.43-0.49 (m, 1H), 0.16-0.23 (m, 2H).
  • Peak 2 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 7.09-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.00-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.89 (t, 1H), 4.88 (s, 1H), 2.87-2.93 ( m,1H), 2.46-2.56 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, 3H), 1.24 (d, 3H), 1.02-1.08 (m, 1H), 0.89 (t, 3H), 0.53-0.58 (m, 1H), 0.43-0.49 (m, 1H), 0.16-0.23 (m, 2H).
  • reaction solution was suction filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl ether) to give 2-(chloromethoxy)-1-((1R)-1-cyclopropyl as colorless liquid.
  • Crude ethyl ethyl)-3-isopropyl-benzene (18B) was used directly in the next step.
  • the crystal diffraction intensity data was collected and reduced using the diffractometer software: CrysAlisPro.
  • the absolute configuration of the 16-position carbon atom of the compound 7C is introduced by the known (R)-(+)-1-phenylethyl isocyanate, so that the compound
  • the absolute configuration of the 16-position carbon atom of the 7C is a known R configuration.
  • the absolute configuration of C-7 is consistent with the absolute configuration of 16-C. So it is also the R configuration. From the absolute configuration of the compound 7C, it was confirmed that the absolute configuration of the C-7 of the compound 7 is the R configuration.
  • the compound 7C is subjected to an alkaline hydrolysis reaction to obtain the product compound 7.
  • a chiral retention experiment was carried out to confirm that the absolute configuration transition at C-7 did not occur in compound 7C during alkaline hydrolysis.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control the temperature as 55-60 ° C as the oil phase; Add glycerin (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), sodium oleate to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mix and adjust the pH of the aqueous phase to 10.0, and control the temperature to 55-60 ° C as the aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], heat to about 50 ° C under nitrogen protection, and add refined egg yolk lecithin (source: Germany Lipoid GmbH), compound 7 and stir under high speed stirring.
  • Uniform, control temperature is 60 ⁇ 65 ° C as the oil phase; injection glycerin (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), sodium oleate added to the appropriate amount of water for injection, mixing and adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase to 9.5, control temperature It is 60 to 65 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added into the water phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer, and the milk particles are inspected to meet the requirements.
  • the emulsion is filtered, the nitrogen is potted and placed.
  • the steam sterilizer is sterilized, cooled, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7, oleic acid and stir evenly under high speed stirring, control temperature is 65-70 °C as oil phase; add glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) In an appropriate amount of water for injection, the pH of the aqueous phase was mixed and adjusted to 10.5, and the temperature was controlled to 65 to 70 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany) under high-speed stirring, compound 7 is stirred evenly, control temperature is 70-75 ° C as oil phase; injection glycerin (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is added with appropriate amount of water for injection In the middle, the pH of the aqueous phase was mixed and adjusted to 11.0, and the temperature was controlled to 70 to 75 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 70-75 °C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium is added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mixed and adjusted to a pH of 10.0, and the temperature is controlled at 70 to 75 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 55-60 ° C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium is added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mixed and adjusted to a pH of 10.5, and the temperature is controlled at 55 to 60 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 55-60 ° C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium was added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, and the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted and adjusted to 11.0, and the temperature was controlled to 55 to 60 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7, stir well with oleic acid, control temperature at 60-65 °C as oil phase, and add glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) Mix and adjust water in water The phase pH was 11.0 and the control temperature was 60-65 ° C as the aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany) under high-speed stirring, compound 7 is stirred evenly, control temperature is 70-75 ° C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), sodium oleate Add an appropriate amount of water for injection, mix and adjust the pH of the aqueous phase to 10.0, and control the temperature to 70-75 ° C as the aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • Tween-80 (Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.), Tween-20 (Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.), BHA (Source: Sichuan Haisike Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), BHT (Source: Sichuan Haisike Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), ethanol (Source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
  • the temperature is controlled at 40-45 ° C, and the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the prescribed amount of EDTA-2Na was weighed, added to the water for injection with a total preparation amount of 70%, stirred and dissolved, and uniformly, to obtain a mixed solution (2). Slowly add (2) to (1) with stirring, and stir to obtain a clear liquid.
  • Tween-80 Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • BHA Source: Sichuan Haisike Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • BHT Source: Sichuan Haisike Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • Ethanol Source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • control temperature is 30 ⁇ 35 ° C Stir well, and obtain a mixed solution (1), add to the total preparation amount of 65% of water for injection, stir and dissolve, and obtain a mixed solution (2). Slowly add (2) to (1) with stirring, and stir to obtain a clear liquid.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • BHA source: Sichuan Haisike Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • BHT source: Sichuan Sea Cisco Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the prescribed amount of EDTA-2Na was weighed, added to the water for injection having a total preparation amount of 75%, stirred and dissolved, and uniformly, to obtain a mixed solution (2). Slowly add (1) to (2) with stirring, and stir to obtain a clear liquid.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the temperature was 30 to 35 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the temperature was 40 to 45 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • Weigh the prescribed amount of mannitol source: Guangxi Nanning Chemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • add 75% of the total preparation amount of water for injection stir and dissolve, and obtain a mixed solution (2).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • Tween-80 Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 Source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • control temperature is 55 ⁇ 60 ° C, stirring evenly, to get a mixed solution (1).
  • mannitol source: Guangxi Nanning Chemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • EDTA-2Na into the water for injection with a total preparation amount of 65%, stir and dissolve, and obtain a mixed solution (2).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 1 ⁇ 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, and a limited amount of leakage is opened.
  • the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 4 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature of the product is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature of the product is kept above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and the temperature is kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 10 (or compound 9) under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 70-75 °C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) Company), sodium oleate is added to the appropriate amount of water for injection, mixing and adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase to 10.0, and controlling the temperature to 70-75 ° C as the aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration.
  • a high-pressure homogenizer produced by GEA Niro
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 2 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 55-60 °C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium is added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mixed and adjusted to a pH of 9.0, and the temperature is controlled at 55 to 60 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 2 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the temperature was 35 to 40 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • Weigh the prescribed amount of mannitol source: Guangxi Nanning Chemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • add 50% of the total preparation amount of water for injection stir and dissolve, and obtain a mixed solution (2).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control temperature is 60-65 °C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium is added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mixed and adjusted to a pH of 9.5, and the temperature is controlled at 60 to 65 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • High speed mixing high shear mixing emulsifier, IKA Health
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to form colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (GEA Niro).
  • GAA Niro high-pressure homogenizer
  • the emulsion is inspected to meet the requirements. After the emulsion is filtered, the nitrogen is potted, and the steam sterilizer is sterilized. After cooling, the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Lipip GmbH, Germany), compound 7 under high-speed stirring, stir evenly, control the temperature as 65-70 ° C as the oil phase; add glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) to the appropriate amount of injection In water, the pH of the aqueous phase was mixed and adjusted to 11.0, and the temperature was controlled at 65 to 70 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 7 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [Source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [Source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixed under nitrogen atmosphere, heated to about 50 ° C, high-speed stirring to add egg yolk lecithin (source: Germany Lipoid GmbH), compound 9, stir evenly, control temperature is 60 ⁇ 65 ° C as The oil phase; the glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and sodium oleate are added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, and the pH of the aqueous phase is adjusted to 9.5, and the temperature is controlled at 60 to 65 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 9 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], mixing under nitrogen protection, heating to about 50 ° C, Add egg yolk lecithin (source: Germany Lipoid GmbH), compound 2 under high-speed agitation, stir evenly, control temperature is 60-65 ° C as oil phase; glycerin for injection (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), oleic acid Sodium is added to an appropriate amount of water for injection, mixed and adjusted to a pH of 9.0, and the temperature is controlled at 60 to 65 ° C as an aqueous phase.
  • the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer (produced by GEA Niro) to check the requirements of the emulsion and the emulsion after filtration. Nitrogen-filled, sterilized and cooled in a steam sterilizer, and the compound 2 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • Solutol HS 15 (source: BASF, Germany), ethanol (source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), control the temperature to 70-75 ° C, dissolve and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the 0.22 ⁇ m filter was filtered and sealed with nitrogen. Autoclaved (121 ° C, 12 min), that is, an aqueous solution preparation.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • propylene glycol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the temperature was 55 to 60 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • Weigh the prescribed amount of mannitol source: Guangxi Nanning Chemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • Adding 55% of the total preparation amount of water for injection stirring and dissolving, and obtaining a mixed solution (2).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • soybean oil for injection [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], medium chain triglyceride [source: AVIC (Tieling) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.], and mix and heat to about 50 °C under nitrogen protection.
  • the oil phase is added into the water phase to prepare colostrum, which is repeatedly homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer, and the milk particles are inspected to meet the requirements.
  • the emulsion is filtered, the nitrogen is potted and placed.
  • the steam sterilizer is sterilized, cooled, and the compound 8 emulsion injection is obtained after passing the test.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • control the temperature to 65-70 ° C, stir and dissolve, mix, Mix the solution (1).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2 hours, the back box is cooled to below -50 °C, and the vacuum is drawn to below 20 Pa. Limited leakage, 5h heating to -5 °C for 8h, 4h to 10 °C, heat to the product temperature to 0 ° C or more, 3h to 35 ° C, heat to the product temperature to 25 ° C or more, close a limited amount of leakage, heat 2h.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • a prescribed amount of the compound 16, Solutol HS 15 (source: BASF, Germany) was weighed, and the temperature was controlled at 75 to 80 ° C, stirred and dissolved, and mixed to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 5 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • Tween-80 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Tween-20 source: Nanjing Weir Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • ethanol source: Hunan Erkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • BHA source: Sichuan Sea Cisco Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • BHT source: Sichuan Sea Cisco Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • control temperature is 60 ⁇ 65 ° C, stir to dissolve, mix, to obtain a mixed solution (1).
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -5 °C for 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 10 °C for 4 hours.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -8 °C for 4h, and the temperature is raised to 5 °C for 6h.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • the separator is cooled to below -35 °C, kept for 2h, the temperature of the back box is below -50 °C, vacuum is reduced to below 20Pa, a limited amount of leakage is opened, the temperature is raised to -8 °C for 4h, and the temperature is raised to 5 °C for 6h.
  • the temperature is above 0 °C, the temperature is raised to 35 °C in 3 hours, and the temperature is kept until the temperature of the product reaches above 25 °C.
  • the limited amount of leakage is closed and kept for 2 hours.
  • the vacuum is filled with nitrogen and the lid is rolled out.
  • the propofol fat emulsion (commercial product) and the compound of the present invention were separately placed in a Millipore Ultra-4 ultrafiltration tube (molecular weight cut off of 3000), centrifuged at 25 ° C for 15 min, and the lower aqueous phase was taken out, and the concentration was measured and measured three times. The results are averaged and the results are shown in Table 1:
  • Example 19 was placed at 30 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C, RH 65% ⁇ 5%, and tested 6 months later. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • test compound was formulated to the desired concentration for use in a solvent of 10% DMSO, 15% solutol HS 15, 75% saline.
  • the experimental animals were fasted for 12 hours after acclimation in a laboratory environment. The next day was administered at a volume of 10 mL/kg.
  • the time from the disappearance of the righting reflex after administration was the induction time of anesthesia.
  • the dose required for 7 minutes of anesthesia (HD 7 ) was also measured to assess relative potency.
  • the compounds of the present invention have a large therapeutic index, a high safety index, and a wider therapeutic window than propofol.
  • ED s0 values for most compounds of the present invention is less than propofol, from the description of the test compound is smaller than the effective dose of propofol, propofol than higher activity.
  • SPF grade ICR mice SCXY (chuan)-2008-24-Chengdu Dashuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
  • the general anesthetic effect of the test compound was studied using a mature mouse anesthesia model (Ratnakumari Lingamaneni et al. (2001). Anesthesiology, 2001, 94, 1050-7).
  • the test compound is formulated to the desired concentration with physiological saline.
  • SPF grade ICR mice were fasted for 12 hours after acclimation in a laboratory setting. The next day was administered at a volume of 10 mL/kg. After intravenous injection, the disappearance time of righting reflex was recorded.
  • the time from the disappearance of the righting reflex after administration was the induction time of anesthesia.
  • the time when the righting reflex disappeared until the recovery of righting reflex was anesthesia continued.
  • Time, the intensity of anesthesia is indicated by the time of induction of anesthesia and the duration of anesthesia.
  • the prodrug compounds of the present invention can be dissolved in physiological saline for administration, thereby avoiding the problem that the bacterial emulsion is likely to be caused when the lipid emulsion is potentially needed.
  • the experimental results show that while improving the water solubility, the prodrug can metabolize the original drug in vivo and has a strong anesthetic effect on mice.
  • Example 21 provides a white uniform emulsion liquid.
  • Compound 8 Emulsion Injection Example 52 provides a white uniform emulsion liquid.
  • Propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection batch number 16FM0187, specification: 50mL: 0.5g, produced by Fresennius Kabi GmnH, packaged by Beijing Fresenius Kabi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 0.9% sodium chloride solution: batch number M13060623, produced by Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • SPF grade SD rats (SCXK (Beijing) 2012-0001, Beijing Weitong Lihua Experimental Animal Technology Co., Ltd.), 180-220g, male and female. SPF grade SD rats were fasted for 16 hours and then administered intravenously.
  • the dose of the compound 7 emulsion injection is 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 15.0 mg/kg, and the dose of the compound 8 emulsion injection is 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 10.0.
  • propofol medium/long chain emulsion injections are administered at doses of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 mg/kg.
  • the timer was started before the start of the experiment, and the administration time, the disappearance time of the righting reflex, the recovery time of the righting reflex and the walking time were recorded, and the adverse reactions after the administration of the rats were recorded.
  • the righting reflex disappears from the onset time: the end of the injection until the righting reflex disappears, making it in the supine position and lasting for 60 seconds;
  • the duration of the righting reflex disappears the righting reflex disappears until the righting reflex is restored, so that it is in the supine position Less than 2 seconds between time (main indicator);
  • Walking time The righteous reflex ability is restored to the time when the autonomous forward movement and the muscle tension of the limbs recover.
  • Nonlinear fit calculation results in a 50% loss of the righting reflex in rats desired dose (HD 50) and the dose required to produce 10 minutes of anesthesia (HD10 minutes) to evaluate the relative efficacy of the compound.
  • the safety window of the compound was evaluated by calculating the therapeutic index TI (LD 50 /HD 50 ). The test results are shown in Table 6.
  • the compound 7 milky injection showed higher anesthetic efficacy than the compound 8 emulsion injection and propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection, and the HD 50 was about propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion.
  • One-fifth of the injection Compound 7 emulsion injection required a dose of 10 minutes for the anesthetic effect to be only 1/6 of the propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection.
  • Compound 7 emulsion injection and Compound 8 injection showed good TI (therapeutic index) compared to propofol medium/long chain fat emulsion injection, indicating a better safety window.
  • Test drug Compound 7 milky injection: Example 21 provides a white uniform emulsion liquid.
  • Propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection batch number 16FM0187, specification: 50mL: 0.5g, produced by Fresennius Kabi GmnH, packaged by Beijing Fresenius Kabi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 0.9% sodium chloride solution: batch number M13060623, produced by Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the test was designed using the Latin square test. 6 ordinary beagle dogs (SCXK (Chuan) 2013-24, Chengdu Dashuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), weighing 8-12kg, male and female, number, test cleaning period is 2-3 days, before each test Body weight, each test, each Doge dog dose is not the same, after the test is completed, each Beagle dog is given six different doses.
  • the timer is started before each experiment, starting at 0:0, recording the start and end time of administration, starting the anesthesia time, starting the wake-up time, and starting the walking time in the minute:second format. The adverse reactions after administration of Beagle dogs were recorded.
  • Onset time from the start of the Beagle injection to the Beagle dog's head and eyelid closure time;
  • Anesthesia time from the closure of Beagle's head and eyelids to the start of the Beagle dog, such as blinking, head-up (main indicator);
  • Test drug Compound 7 milky injection: Example 21 provides a white uniform emulsion liquid.
  • Propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection batch number 16FM0187, specification: 50mL: 0.5g, white uniform milky liquid, below 25°C, protected from light, not frozen, produced by Fresennius Kabi GmnH, Beijing Freseniuskaby Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is divided.
  • Saline Batch No. M13060623, produced by Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  • the test was designed using the Latin square test. Four small pigs, male and female, numbered, weighed before each test, each dose was different for each small pig. The test was completed and each small pig was given six different doses. Before the test, the mini-pig was fasted for 18 hours, the ear vein was administered intravenously (about 80-120 s to complete the injection), and the compound 7 emulsion injection was administered at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg (low dose) and 1.0 mg/kg (high dose). ), 2.0 mg/kg (high dose); propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection is administered at a dose of 3.0 mg/kg (low dose), 5.0 mg/kg (high dose), and 10.0 mg/kg ( High dose). Each The timer is started before the start of the experiment, and the start and end times of administration, the start of anesthesia time, the start of wake up time, and the start of walking time are recorded separately. The adverse reactions after mini-pig administration were recorded.
  • Onset time starting from the injection of small pigs until the beginning of the small pigs and the closing time of the eyelids;
  • Anesthesia time start from the small pig's head and eyelid closure to the small pigs, such as blinking, head-up (main indicator);
  • Walking time starting from a small pig to wake up to walk time.
  • * indicates a statistically significant increase in the anesthetic time of the low dose group (0.6 mg/kg) of the compound 7 compared with the low dose group of propofol (3.0 mg/kg), P ⁇ 0.05.
  • Group 1 and Group 2 A single intravenous injection of Compound 7 Emulsion or Placebo was administered, and the first subject in Groups 1 and 2 administered Compound 7, and the remaining subjects underwent a double-blind trial.
  • Group 3 to Group 8 subjects were randomly assigned a single intravenous injection of Compound 7 Emulsion or Propofol Medium/Long Chain Fatty Milk Injection.
  • Example 21 Number of test compounds: Compound 7 was administered as a milky injection, and Compound 7 was injected in the same manner as in Example 21.
  • Control population propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection (Fresofol 1% MCT/LCT propofol) or placebo, placebo is the active ingredient other than the active ingredient of compound 7 milk preparation, preparation method and The method of Compound 7 milky injection was the same.
  • Compound 7 milky injection was administered in a single intravenous injection.
  • Groups 1 and 2 were administered by manual bolus injection for 2 to 3 seconds.
  • Groups 3 through 8 were administered at a constant rate using a syringe pump for more than 1 minute.
  • the main parameters included the tolerance of RASS and injection pain (reporter pain grading (VRS) researchers perceive the pain of the subject); secondary parameters including cardiovascular parameters and correlation with cognitive function recovery assessment (QoR-40) EEG (EEG) and BIS (EEG bispectral index).
  • QoR-40 cognitive function recovery assessment
  • EEG EEG
  • BIS EEG bispectral index
  • the pharmaceutical preparation of the invention can realize large-scale production, the obtained product is stable, and has excellent safety, and can be used as an anesthetic agent, a township agent and the like.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种式（I）化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药的药物制剂以及用于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的新方法，同时提供该药物以及该药组合物的药剂盒和制造品以及使用该药物及其组合物的方法。R1、R2和n的定义如说明书所述。

Description

一种GABAA受体增强剂用于制备镇静麻醉的药物中的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种含苯酚衍生物的药物制剂、药物组合物及其在中枢神经领域的应用，特别是在镇静麻醉中的应用。还涉及给予一种苯酚衍生物用于镇静麻醉的方法。
背景技术
GABAA受体(γ-氨基丁酸A型受体)是中枢神经系统中主要的抑制性神经递质受体。GABAA受体涉及麻醉、抑郁、焦虑、癫痫、记忆障碍、药物依赖等多种疾病的发病机制和诊断治疗。因此，GABAA受体是药理学和临床上重要的药物作用靶点。丙泊酚是一种以GABAA为靶点的化合物，用于麻醉诱导、麻醉维持、ICU危重病人镇静的一种新型快速、短效静脉麻醉药。
丙泊酚可增强多种GABAA受体亚型的激活，是一个临床上成熟的静脉麻醉药，广泛用于全身麻醉的诱导和维持。丙泊酚麻醉诱导起效快、苏醒迅速且功能恢复完善，术后恶心呕吐发生率低等优点，然后，治疗剂量或接近治疗剂量产生的不良副作用如呼吸抑制、丙泊酚输注综合症、注射疼痛和血液动力学效应限制其在多种临床情况中的应用，尤其是血液动力学效应，给予丙泊酚，特别是推注形式常降低血压但心率没有代偿性增加。因为丙泊酚的不良反应和可能有害的血液动力学结果，各种临床情况与其应用不相容，这些情况包括心血管疾病(例如冠状动脉疾病、心肌病、缺血性心脏病、板模型心脏病和先天性心脏病)、慢性高血压、脑损伤、出血性休克患者等。
目前临床中用于诱导维持全身麻醉或镇静的静脉麻醉药物包括丙泊酚、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、羟丁酸钠和依托咪酯，但是仍然存在对新的静脉麻醉药物和给予这类静脉麻醉药物用于诱导维持麻醉或镇静的方法的需求。
然而，丙泊酚也有显而易见的局限性和缺点。据报道，约70％的病人在注射丙泊酚时有一定程度的疼痛或不适(Pascale Picard(2000).Anesthesia&Analgesia，90，963-969)。虽然有报道用其他药物预处理或联合用药的方法可降低丙泊酚注射疼痛的发生率和严重程度(C.H.Tan等(1998).Anaesthesia，53，302-305)，但这种疼痛仍难以避免。给药剂量一般为2.0～2.5mg/kg，一般与止痛剂配合使用，用于麻醉诱导部分的丙泊酚注射液，可以以大于20∶1的比例与0.5％或1％的利多卡因注射液混合使用，来减少注射疼痛。丙泊酚已被证明可降低收缩压，舒张压和平均动脉血压，因此在临床上会引起低血压。同时，呼吸抑制也是使用丙泊酚时不可忽视的风险。这些不良反应很大程度上阻碍了丙泊酚在一些临床病例中的 应用，如心血管疾病，脑损伤和慢性低血压。
本发明的化合物为丙泊酚类似物，是一种高脂溶性物质，直接给予到血流中，可引起麻醉的迅速起效。
本发明目的在于提供一种稳定、药效高、用量少、安全性好、减少注射疼痛、顺应性好、成本低或无需引入其它制剂配合使用的苯酚衍生物的药物制剂，及其在制备用于诱导和维持动物或者人类的麻醉、促进动物或者人类的镇静催眠、治疗和/或预防焦虑、抑郁、失眠、恶心、呕吐、偏头痛、精神分裂、惊厥和癫痫药物中的用途。
本发明还提供一种镇静麻醉的方法以及一种药物组合物及其在镇静麻醉中的应用。
化合物(I)具有比丙泊酚更强的GABAA增强活性，在动物实验上显示更大治疗指数、更高安全指数，更宽的治疗窗，对应制剂中水相的游离浓度低，可预测有避免注射痛的效果，具有良好的临床应用前景。
发明内容
本发明提供一种药物制剂，其特征在于包含活性成分，所述的活性成分为通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000001
其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基；n选自1或2。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的活性成分为通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其中R1选自甲基、乙基或异丙基；R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基或环丙基，n选自1或2。
本发明优选方案，所述的通式(I)化合物选自以下结构之一：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000003
优选
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000004
本发明提供一种药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.01w/v％～5w/v％活性成分，所述的活性成分为通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂为水溶液制剂，包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其含量为0.01w/v％～5w/v％；优选0.05w/v％～3w/v％；进一步优选0.1w/v％～2w/v％；
2)增溶剂，其含量为0.1w/v％～20w/v％；优选0.1w/v％～15w/v％；进一步优选0.2w/v％～10w/v％；
3)潜溶剂，其含量为0w/v％～w/v30％；优选0.1w/v％～20w/v％；进一步优选0.1w/v％～10w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的增溶剂选自吐温-80、吐温-20、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯(即solutol HS15)或泊洛沙姆中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选吐温-80、吐温-20或聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯(即solutol HS15)；所述的潜溶剂选自乙醇、甘油、丙二醇或聚乙二醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂为冻干制剂，包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药；
2)增溶剂；
3)潜溶剂；
4)填充剂。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂为冻干制剂，其配液完毕、待冻干的溶液包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其含量为0.01w/v％～5w/v％；优选0.05w/v％～3w/v％；进一步优选0.1～2w/v％；
2)增溶剂，其含量为0.1w/v％～20w/v％；优选0.1w/v％～15w/v％；进一步优选0.2w/v％～10w/v％；
3)潜溶剂，其含量为0～30w/v％；优选0.1w/v％～20w/v％；进一步优选0.1w/v％～10w/v％；
4)填充剂，其含量为1w/v％～30w/v％；优选3w/v％～15w/v％；进一步优选5w/v％～ 10w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其含量为0.01w/v％～5w/v％；优选0.05w/v％～3w/v％；进一步优选0.1～2w/v％；
2)增溶剂，其含量为0.1w/v％～20w/v％；优选0.1w/v％～15w/v％；进一步优选0.2w/v％～10w/v％；
3)潜溶剂，其含量为0～30w/v％；优选0.1w/v％～20w/v％；进一步优选0.1w/v％～10w/v％；
4)填充剂，其含量为1w/v％～30w/v％；优选3w/v％～15w/v％；进一步优选5w/v％～10w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂配液完毕后、进一步被冻干。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的增溶剂选自吐温-80、吐温-20、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯或泊洛沙姆中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；所述的潜溶剂选自乙醇、甘油、丙二醇或聚乙二醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；所述的填充剂选自乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸钠、氯化钠、磷酸氢二钠、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、山梨醇、乳糖酸钙、右旋糖酐或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的冻干制剂或水溶液制剂还包含至少一种pH调节剂，其含量为0～10w/v％，优选0-5w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的pH调节剂选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三乙醇胺、盐酸、磷酸、枸橼酸、醋酸、苹果酸中的任一种或任几种；优选氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三乙醇胺、磷酸、枸橼酸、或盐酸中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选氢氧化钠或盐酸中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的冻干制剂或水溶液制剂还包含至少一种等渗调节剂，其含量为0～5w/v％，优选0-2w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的等渗调节剂选自甘油、糖类或糖醇类中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选甘油、葡萄糖、果糖，麦牙糖、聚乙二醇、山梨醇、丙二醇、木糖醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；更优选甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；再优选甘油、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选甘油。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂为脂肪乳剂，包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药；
2)油性成分。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的油性成分选自符合生物相容性、可以在人体被新陈代谢的天然或(和)合成油脂的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选大豆油、亚麻油、中链甘油三酸酯、结构甘油三酸脂、橄榄油、玉米油、棉籽油、菜籽油、花生油、红花油、椰子油、蓖麻油、鱼油、芝麻油或茶油中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选大豆油、橄榄油、鱼油、结构甘油三酸脂、亚麻油或中链甘油三酸酯中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选大豆油、中链甘油三酸酯中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂还包含至少一种乳化剂。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的乳化剂选自甘油单油酸酯、吐温-80、吐温-20、泊洛沙姆、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇甘油酯、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯、蛋黄卵磷脂、蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱、大豆卵磷脂、大豆磷脂酰胆碱，氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、氢化蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱、氢化大豆卵磷脂、氢化大豆磷脂酰胆碱、二棕榈酸磷脂酰胆碱、二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱、二硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱、二油酰磷脂酰胆碱等二棕榈酸磷脂酰甘油、二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱、二硬脂酰磷脂酰甘油等、二棕榈酸磷脂酰乙醇胺、二豆蔻酰磷脂酰乙醇胺、二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺或二油酰磷脂酰乙醇胺中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选泊洛沙姆、吐温-80、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、蛋黄卵磷脂或大豆卵磷脂中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；更优选蛋黄卵磷脂、大豆卵磷脂中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂，包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其含量为0.01w/v％～5w/v％；优选0.05w/v％～3w/v％；进一步优选0.1w/v％～2w/v％；
2)油性成份，其含量为5w/v％～30w/v％；优选5w/v％～20w/v％；进一步优选5w/v％～15w/v％；
3)乳化剂，其含量为0.5w/v％～5w/v％；优选0.5w/v％～3w/v％；进一步优选0.5w/v％～2w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂还包含至少一种助乳化剂，其含量为0～0.2w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的助乳化剂选自油酸钠、胆酸钠、脱氧胆酸钠、油酸、胆酸、脱氧胆酸或胆固醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选油酸、油酸钠中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂还包含至少一种等渗调节剂，其含 量为0w/v％～5w/v％。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的等渗调节剂选自甘油、糖类或糖醇类中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；优选甘油、葡萄糖、果糖，麦牙糖、聚乙二醇、山梨醇、丙二醇、木糖醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；更优选甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；再优选甘油、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选甘油。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂还包含至少一种pH调节剂，其含量为0％～10w/v％，所述的pH调节剂选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三乙醇胺、盐酸、磷酸、磷酸盐、柠檬酸、柠檬酸盐、醋酸、醋酸盐、苹果酸中的任一种或任几种；优选氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三乙醇胺、或盐酸中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；进一步优选氢氧化钠、盐酸中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的脂肪乳剂，包含：
1)通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其含量为0.1w/v％～2w/v％；
2)大豆油或中链甘油三酸酯中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物，其含量为5w/v％～15w/v％；
3)蛋黄卵磷脂，其含量为0.5w/v％～2w/v％；
4)甘油，其含量为0w/v％～5w/v％；
5)油酸钠，其含量为0～0.2w/v％；
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述脂肪乳剂的pH为3.0-10.0；优选4.0～9.0；进一步优选6.0～9.0。
本发明关于药物制剂的优选方案，所述的药物制剂，还可以包含其它添加剂，其它添加剂包括但不限于抗氧化剂、抗菌剂等中的任一种或几种任意比例的混合物。
所述的抗菌剂包括但不限于苯甲酸甲酯、焦亚硫酸钠、依地酸二钠、依地酸钙钠等中的任一种或任几种；
所述的抗氧剂包括但不限于焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠，亚硫酸氢钠，焦亚硫酸钾，硫代硫酸钠、二丁基苯酚、丁基羟基茴香醚(即BHA)、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、二丁基羟基甲苯(即BHT)、依地酸二钠或依地酸钙钠等中的任一种或任几种。
本发明提供一种本发明所述的药物制剂，在制备用于诱导和维持动物或者人类的麻醉、促进动物或者人类的镇静催眠、治疗和/或预防焦虑、抑郁、失眠、恶心、呕吐、偏头痛、精神分裂、惊厥和癫痫药物中的用途，所述活性成分为通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药。
本发明制剂的制备方法
方法一：脂肪乳剂的制备方法
油相的制备：称取油性成分，在惰性气体环境下，在高速搅拌下，将乳化剂、式(I)化合物加入油性组分中，搅拌均匀作为油相，控制油相温度为50～80℃。
水相的制备：在惰性气体环境下，将等渗调节剂、稳定剂加入适量的注射用水中搅拌均匀，作为水相，控制水相温度为50～80℃。
乳液制备：在惰性气体环境下，高速搅拌下将油相缓缓加入水相混合得初乳，初乳制备可在50～80℃下进行。经高压均质机反复均质至乳粒合格，过滤，灌封，灭菌，冷却后即得式(I)化合物的乳状注射液。
本发明药物制剂的pH值通常可调整为6.0～9.0，所述的制备方法中，搅拌的方式及转速、时间根据需要而进行控制，初乳制备时优选高剪切混合乳化机，这种选择可以根据需要而进行，对于高压均质机匀化时，匀化的条件和时间是本领域技术人员所熟知的，只要匀化后的乳粒平均粒径不得过350nm，95％的颗粒粒径不得过1.5μm，且不得有大于5μm粒径的颗粒。所述的灭菌可通过高压蒸汽灭菌、热水浸灭菌、喷淋灭菌等，作为更优选的灭菌工艺例子，可利用高压蒸汽灭菌(例如，121℃，12分钟)。
在本发明的制备方法中，所述惰性气体选自但不限于氮气。
本发明采用的制备方法，其包括通式(I)化合物在注射用油和乳化剂中分散均匀并被油相包裹，然后加入水相，所制成的水包油脂肪乳剂稳定性良好，临床副反应下，经过加速及长期稳定性试验证明本品质量稳定，有利于规模化生产。
方法二：水溶液制剂制备方法
只要能得到澄清的液体制剂，混合所述成份的方法不限，并可根据一般的工艺进行。例如：称取本发明化合物、增溶剂、其他油溶性附加剂，控制温度为20～80℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)；称取等渗调节剂、其他水溶性附加剂，加入总配制量50％～80％的注射用水搅拌溶解，得到混合溶液(2)，潜溶剂可根据情况选择加入(1)或(2)中，搅拌下将(1)与(2)混合，搅拌均匀后得澄清液；加入适量针用活性炭，搅拌吸附5～30min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至4～9，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀；0.22μm滤芯滤过后灌封；热压灭菌，即得水溶液制剂。
方法三：冻干制剂制备方法
只要能得到合格的冻干制剂，冻干前溶液配制、冻干工艺不限，并可根据一般的工艺进行。例如：称取本发明化合物、增溶剂、其他油溶性附加剂，控制温度为20～80℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取等渗调节剂、填充剂、其他水溶性附加剂，加入总配制量50％～80％的注射用水搅拌溶解，得到混合溶液(2)，潜溶剂可根据情况选择加入(1)或 (2)中，搅拌下将(1)与(2)混合，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入适量针用活性炭，搅拌吸附5～30min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至4～9，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过。按规定量灌装于西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机前箱预冻。冷冻干燥。真空或充入适量惰性气体压塞，出箱轧盖。
本发明采用的本发明化合物的冻干制剂制备方法，其显著特征是制备方法简单易行，更利于长期贮存和方便运输，有利于规模化生产。
本发明还提供一种哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，所述的方法包括对该哺乳动物给予有效剂量的式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药；
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000005
其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基；n选自1或2。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法的优选方案，所述的式(I)化合物中R1选自甲基、乙基或异丙基；R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基或环丙基，n选自1或2。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法的优选方案，所述的式(I)化合物选自以下结构之一：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000006
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法的优选方案，所述的式(I)化合物选自以下结构之一：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000007
本发明关于一种诱导或维持哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，所述的方法包括对该哺乳动物给药有效剂量的式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其中所述的有效剂量为负荷剂量和/或维持剂量，其中，式(I)化合物的负荷剂量为0.01mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内，式(I)化合物的维持剂量为0.01mg/(kg·h)至20.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内，式(I)化合物的前药的负荷剂量为0.1mg/kg至30.0mg/kg的范围内。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法的优选方案，所述式(I)化合物的前药选自如下式(II)化合物：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000008
其中，R1、R2和n的定义与式(I)化合物一致；
Z+各自独立选自H+、碱金属离子或胺离子；其中所述的碱金属离子选自Na+或K+，优选Na+。
本发明优选方案，其中所述的有效剂量包括负荷剂量和/或维持剂量。
本领域技术人员将理解：许多因素会影响给药的负荷剂量和/或维持剂量。例如，在患者体内诱导或维持全身麻醉或镇静可能与患者是人还是除人以外的其他哺乳动物有关；它也可能与患者的年龄、体重、性别、饮食、健康状态或心理状态等有关。实际应用中，麻醉医生、兽医或其他本领域的医药学科或者保健从业技术人员依据上述的影响因素以及患者的反应性变化选定并调整负荷剂量和/或维持剂量，实现相对稳定的血药浓度，达到麻醉深度稳定、可控性强、苏醒质量好和生命体征平稳的目的。
可以选择一系列的剂量，很大程度上取决于所要到达的全身麻醉或镇静的水平和深度。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物全身麻醉或镇静的负荷剂量任选地选自0.01mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、0.05mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至12.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至8.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至6.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至5.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至4.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至3.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至2.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至1.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.8mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.6mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.5mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg 至0.3mg/kg的范围内或任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.2mg/kg的范围内。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物的前药全身麻醉或镇静的负荷剂量任选地选自0.1mg/kg至30.0mg/kg的范围内、0.5mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至12.0mg/kg、1.0mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至8.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至7.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至6.0mg/kg的范围内或1.0mg/kg至5.0mg/kg的范围内。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物全身麻醉或镇静的维持剂量任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至20.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至15.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至10.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.02mg/(kg·h)至6.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至6.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至5.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至3.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至2.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内或任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至1.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物或其前药的负荷剂量给药时间为在10分钟内，优选为2分钟内。维持剂量的给药时间根据维持哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的时间而决定。并且，式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药的给药形式任选地选自单次给药、多次给药、连续给药和靶控输注中的一种或多种，优选给药形式为靶控输注。
根据临床用药的特点，诱导全身麻醉或镇静的负荷剂量给药多采用单次注射给药。维持全身麻醉或镇静的维持剂量可采用多次注射给药，但是此方法血药浓度会出现锯齿样波动，病人的麻醉深浅也会因此而波动。所以临床实践中维持剂量多采用连续输注给药或靶控输注，避免了分次给药后血药浓度高峰和低谷的跌宕波动，麻醉深度易于控制、麻醉过程平稳。
式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药用于诱导或维持哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，可以通过广泛多样的给药途径进行给药，该给药途径包括，但不限于选自如下的给药途径：静脉内注射、动脉内注射、肌肉内注射、透皮吸收、含服吸收、肠胃外腹膜内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、通过局部递送、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内和鞘内。在一种特定的变化方案中，通过静脉内注射进行给药。
式(I)化合物是一种GABAA受体增强剂，GABAA受体被激动后，受体在细胞膜上发生构型改变，受体通道开放，氯阴离子可顺着电势和浓度梯度通过离子通道，使细胞超极化，以至于弱化了激动性神经递质的去极化效果和产生动作电位的可能。因此，该受体主要发 挥抑制性作用，减少神经元的活动。GABAA受体增强剂通常能够产生抗焦虑、抗惊厥、失忆症、镇静、催眠、麻醉、欣快以及肌肉松弛等效果。在一种特定的变化方案中，进行给药以诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或者镇静状态。
本发明还提供一种诱导或维持哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，所述的方法包括对该哺乳动物同时给予有效剂量的式(I)化合物和一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助作用的药物，所述的有效剂量包括负荷剂量和/或维持剂量。在一种变化方案中，其中式(I)化合物负荷剂量任选地选自0.01mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、0.05mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至12.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至8.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至6.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至5.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至4.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至3.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至2.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至1.0mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.8mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.6mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.5mg/kg的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.3mg/kg的范围内或任选地选自0.1mg/kg至0.2mg/kg的范围内；式(I)化合物的维持剂量任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至20.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至15.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至10.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.02mg/(kg·h)至6.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至6.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至5.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.05mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至3.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至2.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内或任选地选自0.1mg/(kg·h)至1.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，所述的方法进一步包括对该哺乳动物同时给予一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助作用的药物。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，所述的其它活性成分选自γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂、γ-氨基丁酸受体增强剂、M受体拮抗剂、N2受体拮抗剂、5-羟色胺3(5-HT3)受体拮抗剂、钠离子通道拮抗剂或阿片受体激动剂。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，所述的其它活性成分选自静脉麻醉药、吸入麻醉药或麻醉辅助剂。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种特定的变化方案中，所述的静脉麻醉药任选地选自丙泊酚、磷丙泊酚钠、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、羟丁酸钠或依托 咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的吸入麻醉药任选地选自七氟烷、异氟烷、恩氟烷、地氟烷、甲氧氟烷或氧化亚氮；
所述的麻醉辅助剂任选地选自镇静催眠药、抗胆碱药、肌松药、止吐药、局部麻醉药或镇痛药。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种特定的变化方案中，所述的镇静催眠药任选地选自地西泮、氟西泮、氯氮卓、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、丁螺环酮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、氟哌利多、异丙嗪、氯丙嗪、巴比妥、苯巴比妥、戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、司可巴比妥或硫喷妥钠，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选地西泮、氟西泮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、异丙嗪或氯丙嗪，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的抗胆碱药任选地选自阿托品或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的肌松药任选地选自维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵、哌库溴铵、米库氯铵、阿曲库铵或琥珀酰胆碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵或哌库溴铵，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的止吐药任选地选自托烷司琼、帕洛诺司、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、东莨菪碱、赛克力嗪或甲氧氯普胺，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选托烷司琼或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的局部麻醉药任选地选自利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、阿替卡因或达克罗宁，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选利多卡因或罗哌卡因，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的镇痛药任选地选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、吗啡、哌替啶、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮或奈福泮，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼或哌替啶，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；更优选芬太尼或瑞芬太尼，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物与阿芬太尼、芬太尼或瑞芬太尼，包括其药学上可接受的盐联合给药。
上述每一个关于哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法的方案、优选方案和变化方案中，所述的式(I)化合物药学上可接受的盐选自碱金属盐或碱土金属盐，其中所述的碱金属选自Na、K或Li，所述的碱土金属选自Ca。
本发明提供一种配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物，其中该液体或冻干制剂包含式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，液体或冻干前溶液的浓度范围为0.1mg/mL至50.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.1mg/mL至40.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.5 mg/mL至40.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.5mg/mL至30.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为1.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为2.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为3.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为4.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至15.0mg/mL，以及任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至10.0mg/mL。
在一种特定的方案中，配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物，该液体或冻干制剂包含式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，液体或冻干前溶液的浓度任选地选自1.0mg/mL、2.0mg/mL、3.0mg/mL、4.0mg/mL、5.0mg/mL、6.0mg/mL、7.0mg/mL、8.0mg/mL、9.0mg/mL、10.0mg/mL、11.0mg/mL、12.0mg/mL、13.0mg/mL、14.0mg/mL、15.0mg/mL、16.0mg/mL、17.0mg/mL、18.0mg/mL、19.0mg/mL或20.0mg/mL。
式(I)化合物与一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的静脉麻醉药和/或麻醉辅助剂组合提供了优异的效果，例如：提高麻醉质量、减少围手术期式(I)化合物的用量、增加安全性、病人顺应性、降低不良反应发生率、减少麻醉师的给药次数，使麻醉诱导过程更为便捷。
在一种变化方案中，配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物，其中该液体或冻干制剂还包含一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助的作用的药物。
在一种实施方案中，上述的配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物中其它活性成分选自γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂、γ-氨基丁酸受体增强剂、M受体拮抗剂、N2受体拮抗剂、5-羟色胺3受体拮抗、钠离子通道拮抗剂或阿片受体激动剂。
在一种实施方案中，上述的配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物中其它活性成分选自静脉麻醉药和/或麻醉辅助剂。
在一种实施方案中，上述的配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物包含一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的自静脉麻醉药和/或麻醉辅助剂和式(I)化合物。其中该液体制剂或冻干前的溶液包式(I)化合物的浓度范围为0.1mg/mL至50.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.1mg/mL至40.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.5mg/mL至40.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为0.5mg/mL至30.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为1.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为2.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为3.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为4.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL，任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至15.0mg/mL，以及任选浓度范围为5.0mg/mL至10.0mg/mL。在一种特定的实施方案中，上述的配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物，该液体或冻干制剂中式(I)化合物的浓度任选地选自1.0mg/mL、2.0mg/mL、3.0mg/mL、4.0mg/mL、5.0mg/mL、6.0mg/mL、7.0mg/mL、8.0mg/mL、9.0mg/mL、10.0mg/mL、11.0mg/mL、12.0mg/mL、13.0mg/mL、14.0mg/mL、 15.0mg/mL、16.0mg/mL、17.0mg/mL、18.0mg/mL、19.0mg/mL或20.0mg/mL。
在一种变化方案中，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案中，所述的的静脉麻醉药任选地选自丙泊酚、磷丙泊酚钠、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、羟丁酸钠或依托咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选咪达唑仑或依托咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
在一种变化方案中，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案中，所述的的麻醉辅助剂任选地选自镇静催眠药、抗胆碱药、肌松药、止吐药、局部麻醉药或镇痛药。
在一种变化方案中，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案中，所述的的镇静催眠药任选地选自地西泮、氟西泮、氯氮卓、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、丁螺环酮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、氟哌利多、异丙嗪、氯丙嗪、巴比妥、苯巴比妥、戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、司可巴比妥或硫喷妥钠，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选地西泮、氟西泮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、异丙嗪或氯丙嗪，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的的抗胆碱药任选地选自阿托品或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的肌松药任选地选自维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵、哌库溴铵、米库氯铵、阿曲库铵或琥珀酰胆碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵或哌库溴铵，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的止吐药任选地选自托烷司琼、帕洛诺司、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、东莨菪碱、赛克力嗪或甲氧氯普胺，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选托烷司琼或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的局部麻醉药任选地选自利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、阿替卡因或达克罗宁，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；优选利多卡因或罗哌卡因，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
所述的镇痛药任选地选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、吗啡、哌替啶、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮和奈福泮，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，优选芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼或哌替啶；包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；更优选芬太尼或瑞芬太尼，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
在一种特定的实施方案中，所述的药物组合物中包含局部麻醉药和式(I)化合物，所述的局部麻醉药任选地选自利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、阿替卡因和达克罗宁中的一种或多种，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，优选利多卡因或罗哌卡因，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，所述的式(I)化合物包括其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药。
在一种特定的实施方案中，所述的药物组合物中包含阿片类镇痛剂和式(I)化合物，所述的阿片类镇痛剂任选地选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、吗啡、地佐辛、布托啡诺和羟考酮中的一种或多种，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，优选芬太尼、瑞芬太 尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼或哌替啶，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，更优选芬太尼或瑞芬太尼，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐，所述的式(I)化合物包括其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药。
上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案及其变化方案，所述的液体或冻干制剂任选地是适于静脉注射给药。
上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案及其变化方案，所述的液体制剂任选地是适于静脉注射给药的水溶液制剂或适于静脉注射给药的脂肪乳剂。
同样，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案及其变化方案，药物组合物中包含式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药。在特定的变化方案中，式(I)化合物药学上可接受的盐选自碱金属盐或碱土金属盐，其中所述的碱金属选自Na、K或Li，所述的碱土金属选自Ca。在另一种特定的实施方案中，式(I)化合物的前药通式如式(II)化合物所示：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000009
其中，R1、R2和n的定义与式(I)化合物的定义一致；
Z+独立选自H+、碱金属离子或胺离子，其中，所述的碱金属离子选自Na+或K+，优选Na+。
同样，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案及其变化方案，药物组合物可以被用于GABAA受体增强剂所产生的药理作用，如诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或镇静状态，抗焦虑、抗惊厥、失忆症、镇静、催眠、麻醉、欣快以及肌肉松弛等效果。在一种特定的变化方案中，药物组合物可以被用于诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或者镇静状态。
同样，上述关于药物组合物的每一个实施方案及其变化方案，药物组合物的给药途径包括，但不限于选自如下的给药途径：静脉内注射、动脉内注射、肌肉内注射、透皮吸收、含服吸收、肠胃外腹膜内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、通过局部递送、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内和鞘内。在一种特定的变化方案中，通过静脉内注射进行给药。
本发明提供一种药剂盒，它包含：单个或多个剂量的根据本发明的药物组合物；以及说明书，其包含一种或多种形式的信息，该信息选自显示给予药物组合物所针对的疾病状态、药物组合物的贮藏信息、给药信息和关于如何给予药物组合物的用法说明。
本发明提供一种制造品，它包含：单个或多个剂量的根据本发明的药物组合物；以及 包装材料。
在一种变化方案中，该制造品进一步包含包装材料，例如用于放置所述单个或多个剂量的药物组合物的容器和/或标签，该标签显示选自如下的一项或多项内容：给予所述组合物所针对的疾病状态、贮藏信息、给药信息和/或关于如何给予所述组合物的用法说明。
本发明提供式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药用于制备具有抗焦虑、抗惊厥、失忆症、镇静、催眠、麻醉、欣快以及肌肉松弛等效果的药物中的用途。在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药用于制备诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或者镇静的药物中的用途。
本发明提供式(I)化合物联合一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分用于制备具有抗焦虑、抗惊厥、失忆症、镇静、催眠、麻醉、欣快以及肌肉松弛等效果的药物中的用途，所述的其他活性成分具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助的作用。在一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物联合一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的静脉麻醉药和/或麻醉辅助剂用于制备诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或镇痛的药物中的用途。
本发明提供式(I)化合物用于制备药物组合物的用途，所述的药物组合物包含式(I)化合物和一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分，用于诱导或维持哺乳动物的全身麻醉或镇痛，所述的其他活性成分具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助的作用。
本发明提供一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分在制备药物中的用途，所述的药物包含式(I)化合物和一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其他活性成分的组合，用于哺乳动物的全身麻醉或镇痛。
上述关于用途的每一个方案和变化方案中，其它活性成分选自静脉麻醉药和/或麻醉辅助剂。
上述关于用途的的一种变化方案中，式(I)化合物药学上可接受的盐选自碱金属盐或碱土金属盐，其中所述的碱金属选自Na、K或Li，所述的碱土金属选自Ca。
上述关于用途的的一种变化方案中，所述的式(I)化合物的前药如式(II)化合物所示：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000010
其中，R1、R2和n的定义与式(I)化合物的定义一致；
Z+独立选自H+、碱金属离子或胺离子，其中，所述的碱金属离子选自Na+或K+，优选Na+。
关于所有上述实施方案和变化方案应注意的是，该实施方案和变化方案被解释为开放式的，意思是所述方法可以包括所说明的那些以外的进一步行为，包括对患者给予其它药物活性物质。类似地，除非另有说明，所述药物组合物、药剂盒和制造品可以进一步包含其它材料，包括其它药物活性物质。
本发明的详细说明：
除非有相反的陈述，本发明中所涉及的式(I)化合物选自如下通式化合物：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000011
其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基，n选自1或2；
式(I)化合物更优选，R1选自甲基、乙基或异丙基，R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基或环丙基，n选自1或2；
式(I)化合物更优选选自以下结构之一：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000012
式(I)化合物特别优选选自以下结构之一：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000013
除非有相反的陈述，在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
“全身麻醉”是指药物经呼吸道吸入、静脉或肌肉注射进入体内，产生中枢神经系统的暂时抑制，临床表现为神志消失、全身痛觉消失、遗忘、反射抑制和骨骼肌松弛。对中枢神经系统抑制的程度与血液内药物浓度有关，并且可以控制和调节。这种抑制是完全可 逆的，当药物被代谢或从体内排出后，病人的神志及各种反射逐渐恢复。
“镇静”是指药物给药后精神兴奋的平静或生理功能的减轻。
“哺乳动物”是全身披毛、运动快速、恒温胎生、体内有膈的脊椎动物，是脊椎动物中躯体结构、功能行为最为复杂的最高级动物类群，因能通过乳腺分泌乳汁来给幼体哺乳而得名。包括但不限于小鼠、大鼠、牛、猪、羊、水牛、犬、猫、马、类人猿、猴子、大猩猩和人，优选人。
“有效剂量”是指给药时足以诱导或维持麻醉或镇静的药量。
“负荷剂量”是指药物单次给药后麻醉或镇静效应迅速达到峰效应的药量。
“维持剂量”是维持在麻醉或镇静作用下所需的药量，该药量以给药速率mg/(kg.h)或mg/(m2.h)表示。
“单次给药”是指一次注入一定剂量的药物，以快速达到适宜的麻醉或镇静深度，多用于麻醉或镇静诱导和短小手术。
“多次给药”是指先静脉注射一定剂量的药物，使达到适宜的麻醉深度或镇静后，再根据麻醉或镇静对象的反应和手术的需要分次追加药物，以维持一定的麻醉或镇静深度。
“连续给药”是指麻醉或镇静对象在麻醉或镇静诱导后，采用不同的速度连续滴入或泵入药物的方法来维持麻醉或镇静深度。给药速度包括人工设置和计算机设置。借助药代动力学模型和理论，可以计算出达到满意和期望的血药浓度时间过程的所需给药剂量。
“靶控输注”是在输注静脉药物时，以药代动力学和药效动力学理论为依据，利用计算机对药物在体内过程、效应过程进行模拟，并寻找到最合理的用药方案，继而控制药物注射泵，实现血药浓度或效应部位浓度稳定于预期值(靶浓度值)，从而控制麻醉或镇静深度，并根据临床需要可随时调整给药系统。
“静脉麻醉药”是指静脉注射进入体内，通过血液循环作用于中枢神经系统而产生全身麻醉作用的药物，非限制性实施例包括丙泊酚、磷丙泊酚钠、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、丙泊酚、羟丁酸钠和依托咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“吸入麻醉药”是指经过呼吸道吸入，产生中枢神经系统抑制而产生全身麻醉作用的药物，非限制性实施例包括七氟烷、异氟烷、恩氟烷、地氟烷、甲氧氟烷和氧化亚氮。
“麻醉辅助剂”是指用于复合麻醉中辅助全身麻醉药更好发挥作用的药物，非限制性实施例包括镇静催眠药、抗胆碱药、肌松药、止吐药、局部麻醉药和镇痛药。
“镇静催眠药”是指能够引起镇静和近似生理睡眠的药物，小剂量产生镇静作用，较大剂量可产生催眠作用，非限制性实施例包括地西泮、氟西泮、氯氮卓、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、丁螺环酮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、氟哌利多、巴比妥、苯巴比妥、戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、司可巴比妥和硫喷妥钠，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“抗胆碱药”是指具有阻滞胆碱受体，使递质乙酰胆碱不能与受体结合而呈现与拟胆碱药相反的作用的药物，非限制性实施例包括阿托品、东莨菪碱、戊乙奎醚和格隆溴铵，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“肌松药”是指能选择性地作用于运动神经终板膜上的N2受体而产生的可逆性骨骼肌松弛的药物，非限制性实施例包括维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵、哌库溴铵、米库氯铵、阿曲库铵和琥珀酰胆碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“止吐药”是指防止或减轻恶心和呕吐的药物，非限制性实施例包括烷司琼、帕洛诺司、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、东莨菪碱、赛克力嗪和甲氧氯普胺，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“局部麻醉药”是指在用药局部可逆性的阻断感觉神经冲动发生与传递的药物，非限制性实施例包括普鲁卡因、氯普鲁卡因、丁卡因、苯佐卡因、利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、依替卡因、甲哌卡因和阿替卡因，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“镇痛药”是指主要作用于中枢神经系统，选择性消除或缓解疼痛，对其他感觉(如听觉、视觉及触觉)无明显影响，并保持清醒的药物，非限制性实施例选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、哌替啶、吗啡、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮和奈福泮，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“阿片类镇痛剂”是指能激动阿片受体从而消除或减轻疼痛并改变对疼痛的情绪反应的药物，非限制性实施例选自阿法罗定、芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、哌替啶、吗啡、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮、烯丙罗定、阿尼利定、苄吗啡、丁丙诺啡、布托啡诺、氯尼他秦、环佐辛、地索吗啡、右吗拉胺、地佐辛、地恩丙胺、二醋吗啡、双氢可待因、双氢吗啡、地美沙朵、地美庚醇、二甲噻丁、吗苯丁酯、地匹哌酮、依他佐辛、依索庚嗪、乙甲噻丁、乙基吗啡、依托尼嗪、海洛因、氢吗啡酮、羟哌替啶、美普他酚、美他佐辛、美沙酮、美托酮、麦罗啡、纳布啡、尼可吗啡、去甲左啡诺、去甲美沙酮、烯丙吗啡、去甲吗啡、羟吗啡酮、喷他佐辛、非那佐辛、曲马多、替利定、右丙氧芬和丙哌利定，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
“药物组合物”是指本发明式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药和其它化学组分形成的混合物，其中，“其它化学组分”是指药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂和/或一种或多种其它药物。
“载体”是指不会对生物体产生明显刺激且不会消除所给予化合物的生物活性和特性的材料。
“赋形剂”是指加入到药物组合物中以促进化合物给药的惰性物质。非限制性实施例包括碳酸钙、磷酸钙、糖、淀粉、纤维素衍生物(包括微晶纤维素)、明胶、植物油、聚乙 二醇类、稀释剂、成粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和崩解剂。
“药学上可接受的盐”是指安全、无毒的并且既不在生物学上也不再其它方面不合乎需要，并且包括其对于兽医使用以及人类药物使用上药学可接受的，并且具有所期望的药理学活性的盐，这样的盐包括，但不限于与无机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等等形成的酸加成盐；或者与有机酸如乙酸、三氟乙酸、丙酸、己酸、庚酸、环戊烷丙酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、马来酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、o-(4-羟基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、1，2-乙二磺酸、苯磺酸、对氯苯磺酸、2-萘磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、樟脑磺酸、4-甲基二环[2.2.2]辛-2-烯-1-羧酸、葡萄糖醛酸、葡庚糖酸、3-苯基丙酸、三甲基乙酸、叔丁基乙酸、十二烷基硫酸、谷氨酸、羟基萘甲酸、水杨酸、硬脂酸、枸橼酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、门冬氨酸、2-羟基丙酸、草酸和黏糠酸等等形成的酸加成盐。
药学上可接受的盐也包括，但不限于碱加成盐，当存在的酸性质子能够与无机碱或有机碱起反应时，可以形成碱加成盐，所述的盐选自Al、Ca、Li、Mg、K、Na和Zn。可接受的无机碱包括，但不限于氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸锂、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、氢氧化钙和氢氧化铝；可接受的无机碱包括，但不限于氨、异丙基胺、三甲基胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙基胺、四甲基胺、二乙醇胺、乙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺、2-二甲基氨基乙醇、2-二乙基氨基乙醇、二环己基胺、咖啡碱、普鲁卡因、胆碱、甜菜碱、苯明青霉素、乙二胺、葡萄糖胺、N-甲基葡糖胺、可可碱、三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇、嘌呤、哌嗪、哌啶、N-乙基哌啶和聚胺树脂。
“前药”是指可经体内代谢转化为具有生物活性的本发明化合物。本发明的前药通过修饰本发明化合物中的酚基团来制备，该修饰可以通过常规的操作或者在体内被除去，而得到母体化合物。当本发明的前药被施予哺乳动物个体时，前药被割裂形成游离的羟基。
“立体异构体”是指由分子中原子在空间上排列方式不同所产生的异构体，包括顺反异构体、对映异构体和构象异构体。
“任选”或“任选地”或“选择性的”或“选择性地”是指随后所述的事件或状况可以但未必发生，该描述包括其中发生该事件或状况的情况及其中未发生的情况。例如，“选择性地被烷基取代的杂环基”是指该烷基可以但未必存在，该描述包括其中杂环基被烷基取代的情况，及其中杂环基未被烷基取代的情况。
ED50(半数有效量)：通过测试导致50％动物翻正反射丧失需要的剂量。
ED95(95％有效量)：通过测试导致95％动物翻正反射丧失需要的剂量。
LD50(半数致死量)：通过测试导致50％动物死亡需要的剂量。
LD5(5％致死量)：通过测试导致5％动物死亡需要的剂量。
麻醉诱导时间和麻醉维持时间：给药后开始计时，密切观察动物一般症状和给药局部、呼吸的变化。如正常动物将其推倒或呈背位仰卧时，能立即翻正过来，这种反射判为翻正反射。反之，则视为翻正反射消失，记录反射消失时间，待动物重新出现翻正反射时，记录反射恢复时间。将给药结束至翻正反射的时间记为麻醉起效时间，自翻正反射消失至反射恢复时间记为麻醉维持时间。
TI(治疗指数，即LD50/ED50)、SI(安全指数，即LD5/ED95)。
MTD(最大耐受剂量)：能够100％全部出现翻正反射消失但是无死亡的最大剂量。
“w/v％”是指各组分重量(g)/制剂体积(100mL)。
附图说明
图1为化合物7C的X-射线单晶衍射谱图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案，但本发明的保护范围包括但是不限于此。
化合物的结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)或(和)质谱(MS)来确定的。NMR位移(δ)以10-6(ppm)的单位给出。NMR的测定是用(Bruker Avance III 400和Bruker Avance 300)核磁仪，测定溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6)，氘代氯仿(CDCl3)，氘代甲醇(CD3OD)，内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS)；
MS的测定用(Agilent 6120B(ESI)和Agilent 6120B(APCI))；
HPLC的测定使用Agilent 1260DAD高压液相色谱仪(Zorbax SB-C18 100×4.6mm，3.5μM)；
薄层层析硅胶板使用烟台黄海HSGF254或青岛GF254硅胶板，薄层色谱法(TLC)使用的硅胶板采用的规格是0.15mm～0.20mm，薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm～0.5mm；
柱层析一般使用烟台黄海硅胶200～300目硅胶为载体；
本发明的已知起始原料可以采用或按照本领域已知的方法来合成，或可购买于泰坦科技、安耐吉化学、上海德默、成都科龙化工、韶远化学科技、百灵威科技等公司；氮气氛是指反应瓶连接一个约1L容积的氮气气球；
氢气氛是指反应瓶连接一个约1L容积的氢气气球；
氢化反应通常抽真空，充入氢气，反复操作3次；
实施例中无特殊说明，反应在氮气氛下进行；
实施例中无特殊说明，溶液是指水溶液；
实施例中无特殊说明，反应的温度为室温，室温最适宜的反应温度，为20℃～30℃。
BHA：丁基羟基茴香醚
BHT：二丁基羟基甲苯
EDTA-2Na：乙二胺四乙酸二钠
中间体1：2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基乙基)苯酚(1b)
2-(1-cyclopropyl-1-hydroxyethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000014
在氮气保护下，向反应瓶中依次加入2-羟基苯乙酮1a(15.00g，0.11mol，安耐吉)和四氢呋喃(200mL)后，缓缓滴加1M的环丙基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液(440mL，0.44mol)，室温搅拌3小时，冰浴下滴加饱和氯化铵溶液(50mL)终止反应。用二氯甲烷萃取反应混合物两次(125mL×2)并将有机相合并。合并有机相依次用饱和食盐水洗涤(100mL×3)，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50∶1)得到棕黄色油状的2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基乙基)苯酚1b(18.10g，产率92％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：177.1[M-1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ9.10(s，1H，Ar-OH)，7.22-7.14(m，2H，Ar-H)，6.91-6.80(m，2H，Ar-H)，1.50(s，3H，CH3)，1.36-1.45(m，1H，CH)，0.36-0.68(m，4H，2CH2)。
中间体2：2-溴-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟基乙基)苯酚(1c)
2-bromo-6-(1-cyclopropyl-1-hydroxyethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000015
向反应瓶中依次加入2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基)乙基苯酚1b(12.72g，71.37mmol，中间体1)、 二氯甲烷(125mL)和二异丙基胺(0.73g，7.14mmol)，冰水浴下加入N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(12.70g，71.37mmol)后继续在冰浴下搅拌15小时，停止反应。反应液用饱和食盐水洗涤(100mL×3)，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50∶1)得到白色固体状的2-溴-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟基乙基)苯酚1c(7.52g，产率41％，HPLC：98.26％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：254.9[M-1]，257.9[M+1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ9.53(s，1H，Ar-OH)，7.43(dd，1H，Ar-H)，7.20(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.72(t，1H，Ar-H)，1.48(s，3H，CH3)，1.41-1.38(m，1H，CH)，0.67(m，2H，CH2)，0.54-0.42(m，2H，CH2)。
中间体3：2-溴-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(1d)
2-bromo-6-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000016
在氮气保护下，向反应瓶中依次加入2-溴-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟乙基)苯酚1c(0.25g，0.97mmol)、二氯甲烷(15mL)和三乙基硅烷(0.57g，4.86mmol)。冰浴下滴加三氟乙酸(1.11g，9.72mmol)，室温搅拌反应15小时，终止反应。反应液依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤(30mL×1)，饱和食盐水洗涤(30mL×3)，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50∶1)得到无色油状的2-溴-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚1d(0.16g，产率69％，HPLC：96.89％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：240.9[M-1]，241.9[M+1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.29(dd，1H，Ar-H)，7.25(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.79(t，1H，Ar-H)，5.58(s，1H，OH)，2.48-2.40(m，1H，CH)，1.29(d，3H，CH3)，1.07-0.98(m，1H，CH)，0.61-0.43(m，2H，CH2)，0.26-0.16(m，2H，CH2)。
中间体4：S-2-溴-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(1e)
S-2-bromo-6-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000017
中间体5：R-2-溴-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(1f)
R-2-bromo-6-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000018
中间体4～5制备方法：取化合物1d(600mg)用于拆分，制备条件：(仪器：安捷伦1260/LH-Y-J0371(4-1)；色谱柱：CHIRALPAK AD-H(4.6mm×250mmL，5μm)编号：AD-H-44B；流动相：正己烷；流量：1.0mL/min；背压：100bar；柱温：35℃；波长：210nm；周期：10min。
分离后得到两个光学异构体：峰1(保留时间：5.57min，300mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％)，峰2(保留时间：5.83min，270mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％)。
峰1：MS m/z(ESI)：240.9[M-1]，241.9[M+1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.29(dd，1H，Ar-H)，7.25(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.79(t，1H，Ar-H)，5.58(s，1H，OH)，2.48-2.40(m，1H，CH)，1.29(d，3H，CH3)，1.07-0.98(m，1H，CH)，0.61-0.43(m，2H，CH2)，0.26-0.16(m，2H，CH2)。
峰2：MS m/z(ESI)：240.9[M-1]，241.9[M+1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.29(dd，1H，Ar-H)，7.25(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.79(t，1H，Ar-H)，5.58(s，1H，OH)，2.48-2.40(m，1H，CH)，1.29(d，3H，CH3)，1.07-0.98(m，1H，CH)，0.61-0.43(m，2H，CH2)，0.26-0.16(m，2H，CH2)。
实施例1
2-(1-cyclopropylethyl)-6-isopropylphenol
2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物1)
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000019
第一步：2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢吡喃(1B)
2-(2-isopropylphenoxy)tetrahydropyran
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000020
向反应瓶中加入2-异丙基苯酚(1A)(10.00g，73.40mmol)，3，4-二氢吡喃(18.60g，220.20mmol)和二氯甲烷(50mL)，搅拌均匀后加入对甲苯磺酸吡啶(1.86g，7.40mmol)，室温搅拌20小时，加入水(30mL)，用二氯甲烷(30mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，饱和食盐水(30mL×3)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝500∶1)得到无色液体状的2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢吡喃(1B)(13.4g，产率：82.71％，HPLC：99.15％)。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.25-7.20(m，1H)，δ7.15-7.09(m，2H)，δ6.97-6.93(m，1H)，δ5.44-5.42(m，1H)，δ3.94-3.88(m，1H)，δ3.65-3.62(m，1H)，δ3.39-3.22(m，1H)，δ1.90-1.86(m，1H)，δ1.73-1.67(m，2H)，δ1.60-1.54(m，3H)，δ1.25(t，6H)。
第二步：环丙基-(3-异丙基-2-四氢吡喃-2-氧基-苯基)甲基酮(1C)
cyclopropyl-(3-isopropyl-2-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy-phenyl)methanone
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000021
向反应瓶中加入2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢吡喃(1B)(10.00g，45.40mmol)和干燥的四氢呋喃(30mL)，充氮气保护，干冰浴至零下20℃，加入2.5M正丁基锂(20.00mL，50.00mmol)，加完后升至室温搅拌1小时，干冰浴至零下20℃，加入N-甲氧基-N-甲基环丙基酰胺(7.00g，54.20mmol)，加完后升至室温搅拌2小时，加入饱和氯化铵(30mL)搅拌数分钟终止反应，用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取，饱和食盐水(30mL×3)反洗，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩得到红色液体状的环丙基-(3-异丙基-2-四氢吡喃-2-氧基-苯基)甲基酮(1C)(17.4g，粗品，HPLC：68.00％)，直接用于下步反应。
第三步：环丙基-(2-羟基-3-异丙基-苯基)甲基酮(1D)
cyclopropyl-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-phenyl)methanone
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000022
向反应瓶中加入(3-异丙基-2-四氢吡喃-2-氧基-苯基)甲基酮(1C)(17.40g，粗品)和甲醇 (50mL)，冰浴至零度，加入2M盐酸水溶液(35mL，70.00mmol)，加完后升至室温搅拌半小时，加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH＝6，旋干甲醇，用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取，饱和食盐水(50mL×3)反洗，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝300∶1)得到无色液体状的环丙基-(2-羟基-3-异丙基-苯基)甲基酮(1D)(7.23g，两步收率率：78.26％，HPLC：96.29％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：205.1(M-1)。
1HNMR(400MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ12.98(s，1H)，δ8.08(dd，1H)，δ7.51(dd，1H)，δ6.98(t，1H)，δ3.34-3.26(m，1H)，δ3.04-3.01(m，1H)，δ2.52-2.50(m，1H)，δ1.19-1.12(m，11H)。
第四步：2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)-6-异丙基-苯酚(1E)
2-(1-cyclopropyl-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000023
向反应瓶中加入环丙基-(2-羟基-3-异丙基-苯基)甲基酮(1D)(10g，48.80mmol)和干燥的甲苯(50mL)，氮气保护，干冰浴至零下30℃，加入3M甲基溴化镁正己烷溶液(49.00mL，146.30mmol)，加完后升至室温搅拌2小时，加入饱和氯化铵(100mL)终止反应，用乙酸乙酯(100mL×3)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×3)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50∶1)得到浅黄色液体状的2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)-6-异丙基-苯酚(1E)(10.2g，产率：95.17％，HPLC：97.96％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：219.1(M-1)。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.32(dd，1H)，δ7.24(dd，1H)，δ7.13(t，1H)，δ4.64(s，1H)，δ3.43-3.36(m，1H)，δ1.56(s，3H)，δ1.37-1.31(m，1H)，δ1.27(d，6H)，δ0.54-0.39(m，4H)。
第五步：2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物1)
2-(1-cyclopropylethyl)-6-isopropylphenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000024
向反应瓶中加入2-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)-6-异丙基-苯酚(1E)(3g，13.80mmol)、三乙基硅烷(6.42g，55.21mmol)和二氯甲烷(25mL)，干冰浴至零下30℃，缓慢加入三氟醋酸(12.59g，110.40mmol)，控制温度小于零度，搅拌反应2h停止反应，用二氯甲烷(100mL×3)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×3)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残 留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝100∶1)得到无色液体状的2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物1)(2.02g，产率：71.63％，HPLC：98.58％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：203.1(M-1)。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.13(dd，1H)，δ7.08(dd，1H)，δ6.90(t，1H)，δ4.93(s，1H)，δ3.20-3.13(m，1H)，δ2.53-2.46(m，1H)，δ1.29(d，3H)，δ1.26(d，6H)，δ1.07-1.05(m，1H)，δ0.58-0.45(m，2H)，δ0.24-0.16(m，2H)。
实施例2
2-仲丁基-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物2)
2-sec-butyl-6-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000025
第一步：1-(2-丁烯醚)-2-仲丁基苯酚(2B)
1-(but-2-enyloxy)-2-sec-butylbenzene
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000026
向反应烧瓶中依次加入2-仲丁基苯酚2A(20.00g，0.13mol)、无水乙醚(100mL)、巴豆醇(14.42g，0.20mol)和三苯基膦(52.46g，0.20mol)，冰浴下缓慢滴加偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯(40.44g，0.20mol)，室温搅拌过夜，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝300∶1)得到淡黄色油状的1-(2-丁烯醚)-2-仲丁基苯酚2B(20.40g，产率76.8％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：205.1[M+1]。
1H NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.16(dd，1H，Ar-H)，7.11(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.94-6.90(m，1H，Ar-H)，6.84(d，1H，Ar-H)，5.90-5.69(m，3H，2CH＝)，4.44(t，2H，OCH2)，3.15-3.00(m，1H，CH)，1.75(dd，3H，＝CHCH3)，1.68-1.50(m，2H，CH2)，1.17(d，3H，CHCH3)，0.85(t，3H，CH2CH3)。
第二步：2-(3-甲基-1-丁烯)-6-仲丁基苯酚(2C)
2-(but-3-en-2-yl)-6-sec-butylphenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000027
向反应瓶中加入1-(2-丁烯醚)-2-仲丁基苯酚2B(10.00g，0.05mol)，200℃下加热反应4小时，用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷)得到淡黄色油状的2-(3-甲基-1-丁烯)-6-仲丁基苯酚2C(1.74g，产率17.4％，HPLC：96.50％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：203.1[M-1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.06(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.99(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.89(t，1H，Ar-H)，6.14-6.02(m，1H，CH＝)，5.30-5.16(m，2H，＝CH2and OH)，3.70-3.57(m，1H，CHCH＝)，3.05-2.92(m，1H，CHCH2)，1.72-1.50(m，2H，CH2)，1.42(d，3H，CH3)，1.22(d，3H，CH3CH)，0.87(t，3H，CH2CH3)。
第三步：2-仲丁基-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物2)
2-sec-butyl-6-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000028
氮气保护下，向反应瓶加入二氯甲烷(10mL)，冰浴下缓慢滴加二乙基锌(1.21g，9.80mmol)和三氟乙酸(1.12g，9.80mmol)，搅拌30分钟。冰浴下加入二碘甲烷(2.63g，9.80mmol)搅拌30分钟，加入2-(3-甲基-1-丁烯)-6-仲丁基苯酚2C(1.00g，4.90mmol)，室温搅拌4小时，加入1M的盐酸(30mL)终止反应，用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL×2)，饱和食盐水洗涤(30mL×3)，合并有机相并用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱层析分离提纯(正己烷)得到淡黄色油状的2-仲丁基-6-(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚化合物2(0.60g，产率56.6％，HPLC：96.87％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：217.1[M+1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.14-7.08(m，1H，Ar-H)，7.02(dd，1H，Ar-H)，6.89(t，1H，Ar-H)，2.97-2.84(m，1H，CHCH2)，2.57-2.44(m，1H，CH)，1.74-1.51(m，2H，CH2)，1.30(d，3H，CH3)，1.24(d，3H，CH3)，1.10-1.00(m，1H，CH)，0.89(t，3H，CH3)，0.62-0.40(m，2H，CH2)，0.27-0.10(m，2H，CH2)。
实施例3
2-(1-环丁基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物3)
2-(1-cyclobutylethyl)-6-isopropylphenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000029
第一步：2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢吡喃(1B)
2-(2-isopropylphenoxy)tetrahydropyran
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000030
向反应瓶中加入2-异丙基苯酚1A(1.5Kg，11.01mol)和二氯甲烷(6L)，搅拌均匀，加入对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐(276.78g，1.10mol)，冰浴下再滴加3，4-二氢-2H-吡喃(1.39Kg，16.52mol)，滴加完毕后升至室温搅拌过夜，反应液用水洗涤(2L×3)，氢氧化钠溶液洗涤(2L×4)，水洗涤(2L×2)，饱和食盐水洗涤(2L×2)，无水硫酸钠干燥，抽滤，减压浓缩得到2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢呋喃1B粗品，直接用于下步反应。
第二步：环丁基(3-异丙基-2-((四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)氧基)苯基)甲酮(3C)
cyclobutyl(3-isopropyl-2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)methanone
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000031
氮气保护下，向反应瓶中加入2-(2-异丙基苯氧基)四氢呋喃1B(33.00g，粗品)和四氢呋喃(150mL)，搅拌均匀，干冰浴至-35℃，缓慢滴加正丁基锂(72mL，2.5M)，室温搅拌2小时，-35℃下缓慢加入N-甲氧基-N-甲基环丁酰胺(30.00g，210.00mmol)，室温搅拌反应4小时，冰浴下加入饱和氯化铵终止反应。反应液用乙酸乙酯(150mL×2)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×2)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩得红色油液环丁基(3-异丙基-2-((四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)氧基)苯基)甲酮3C粗品，直接用于下一步反应。
第三步：环丁基(2-羟基-3-异丙基苯基)甲酮(3D)
cyclobutyl(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylphenyl)methanone
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000032
向反应瓶中加入环丁基(3-异丙基-2-((四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)氧基)苯基)甲酮3C(50.00g，粗品)，冰浴下加入1M盐酸甲醇溶液(120mL)，搅拌反应30分钟，反应液用饱和碳酸氢钠(50mL)调节pH在6-7之间，减压浓缩，残留液用乙酸乙酯(120mL×2)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×2)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱层析分离提纯(石油醚)得到黄色油状的环丁基(2-羟基-3-异丙基苯基)甲酮3D(15.00g，产率45.9％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：217.1[M-1]。
1H NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ12.84(s，1H)，7.45(dd，1H)，7.39(dd，1H)，6.83(t，1H)，4.09-4.00(m，1H)，3.42-3.36(m，1H)，2.51-2.42(m，2H)，2.34-2.26(m，2H)，2.15-2.03(m，1H)，1.96-1.87(m，1H)，1.24(d，6H)。
第四步：2-(1-环丁基-1-羟基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(3E)
2-(1-cyclobutyl-1-hydroxyethyl)-6-isopropylphenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000033
氮气保护下，向反应瓶中加入环丁基(2-羟基-3-异丙基苯基)甲酮3E(12.00g，54.97mmol)和四氢呋喃(36mL)，冰浴下加入甲基溴化镁(46mL，3M)，室温搅拌4小时，再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(50mL)终止反应。反应液用乙酸乙酯(120mL×2)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×2)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50/1)得到白色固体的2-(1-环丁基-1-羟基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚3E(11.20g，产率86.8％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：233.2[M-1]。
1H NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.11(dd，1H)，6.84(dd，1H)，6.77(t，1H)，3.40-3.33(m，1H)，2.99-2.91(m，1H)，1.99-1.89(m，6H)，1.70-1.63(m，1H)，1.53(s，3H)，1.23(d，6H)。
第五步：2-(1-环丁基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物3)
2-(1-cyclobutylethyl)-6-isopropylphenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000034
向反应瓶中加入2-(1-环丁基-1-羟基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚3E(10.40g，44.40mmol)和二氯甲烷(100mL)，搅拌均匀。加入三乙基硅烷(10.30g，88.80mmol)，搅拌10分钟。干冰浴至-35℃，缓慢加入三氟醋酸(40.50g，355.20mmol)，搅拌反应40分钟后用饱和碳酸氢钠调节pH至7，收集有机层，加入四丁基氟化铵(11.60g，44.40mmol)，室温反应2小时。反应液用饱和食盐水洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚)得到淡黄色液体的2-(1-环丁基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚化合物3(8.20g，产率84.5％，HPLC：98％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：217.2[M-1]。
1H NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.03(dd，1H)，6.94(dd，1H)，6.86(t，1H)，4.74(s，1H)，3.18-3.11(m，1H)，2.97-2.89(m，1H)，2.57-2.52(m，1H)，2.16-2.13(m，1H)，1.82-1.75(m，4H)，1.70-1.49(m，1H)，1.26(d，6H)，1.14(d，3H)。
实施例4
2，6-二(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物4)
2，6-bis(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000035
第一步：2-苄氧基-1-溴-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯(4B)
2-benzyloxy-1-bromo-3-(1-cyclopropylethyl)benzene
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000036
向反应瓶中加入2-溴-6-(1-环丙基乙基)-苯酚(100g，414.72mmol，1d)和丙酮(500mL)，搅拌均匀后，依次加入碳酸钾(57.32g，414.72mmol)和苄溴(57.75g，456.20mmol)， 加热回流反应12小时，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝100∶1)得到黄色油状的2-苄氧基-1-溴-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯4B粗品(128g，产率：92.2％)，直接用于下步反应。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.44-7.34(m，7H)7.03-6.99(t，1H)，4.95-4.85(m，2H)，2.49-2.41(m，1H)，1.24(d.3H)，0.95-0.90(m，1H)，0.54-0.51(m，1H)，0.35-0.32(m，1H)，0.17-0.07(m，2H)。
第二步：(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-环丙基甲酮(4C)
[2-benzyloxy-3-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl]-cyclopropyl-methanone
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000037
向反应瓶中加入2-苄氧基-1-溴-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯4B粗品(128g，386.42mmol)和四氢呋喃(500mL)，氮气保护，干冰丙酮浴控温在-78℃下，缓慢滴加正丁基锂(37.13g，579.63mmol)，滴加完毕后-78℃条件下搅拌1小时，加入N-甲氧基-N-甲基-环丙甲酰胺(74.86g，579.63mmol，爱斯特)，-78℃反应搅拌4小时，加入饱和氯化铵溶液(20mL)淬灭反应，用乙酸乙酯(500mL×4)萃取，合并有机相，饱和食盐水(200mL×2)洗涤，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，得到黄色油状的(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-环丙基甲酮4C粗品(144g)，直接用于投下步反应。
第三步：1-(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-1-环丙基-乙醇(4D)
1-[2-benzyloxy-3-(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl]-1-cyclopropyl-ethanol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000038
向反应瓶中加入(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-环丙基甲酮4C粗品(144g，449.4mmol)和四氢呋喃(500mL)，氮气保护，冰浴条件下滴加甲基溴化镁(69.66g，584.22mmol)，滴加完毕后，自然升至室温反应3小时，加入饱和氯化铵溶液(20mL)淬灭反应，用乙酸乙酯(500mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，饱和食盐水(100mL×3)洗涤，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝10∶1)得到黄色油状的1-(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-1-环丙基-乙醇4D(80g，产率：57％，HPLC：95.7％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.43-7.13(m，8H)，4.99-4.89(m，2H)，4.6(d，1H)，2.53-2.49(m，1H)，1.59-1.56(m，3H)，1.36-1.24(m.3H)，0.95-0.96(m，1H)，0.35-0.18(m，8H)。
第四步：2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)苯酚(4E)
2-(1-cyclopropylethyl)-6-(1-cyclopropyl-1-hydroxy-ethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000039
向反应瓶中加入1-(2-苄氧基-3-(1-环丙基乙基)苯基)-1-环丙基-乙醇4D(80g，237mmol)和乙醇(200mL)，钯/炭(4g，钯含量w/w＝10％)，氮气置换三次，氢气置换三次，升温至50℃反应12小时，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝50∶1)得到无色油状的2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)苯酚4E(3.6g，产率71.43％，HPLC：97.8％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：245[M-1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，d6-DMSO)：δ10.24(d，1H)，7.15-7.12(m，1H)，7.02-7.00(dd，1H)，6.72(t，1H)，6.50(d，1H)，2.43-2.27(m，1H)，1.46(s，3H)，1.28-1.19(m，1H)，1.19(d，3H)，1.03-1.01(m.1H)，0.37-0.05(m，8H)。
第五步：2，6-二(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物4)
2，6-bis(1-cyclopropylethyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000040
向反应瓶中加入2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-(1-环丙基-1-羟基-乙基)苯酚4E(120g，407.12mmol)和二氯甲烷(500mL)，0℃下滴加三乙基硅烷(113.28g，974.24mmol)，搅拌15分钟后，冰水浴下分批滴加三氟乙酸(222.17g，1.95mol)，滴加完毕后，自然升至室温搅拌2小时，加入水(500mL)，搅拌5分钟，静置分层，收集有机相，用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(500mL×3)洗涤，收集有机相转移至反应瓶中，加入四丁基氟化铵(127.16g，487.12mmol)，室温搅拌12小时，加入水(300mL)，静置分层，有机相用依次用水(100mL×3)，饱和食盐水(100mL×2)洗涤，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(正己烷)得到黄色油状的2，6-二(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚化合物4(70g，产率：62.5％，HPLC：96.78％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.15(t，2H)，6.91(t，1H)，4.85(s，1H)，2.54-2.19(m，2H)，1.31(d，6H)，1.08-1.04(m，2H)，0.53-0.43(m.4H)，0.21-0.17(m，4H)。
实施例5
2-[(1R)-1-环丁基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物5)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclobutylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000041
实施例6
2-[(1S)-1-环丁基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物6)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclobutylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000042
取2-(1-环丁基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物3)(800mg)用于拆分，制备条件：(仪器：安捷伦1260/LH-Y-J0371(4-1)；色谱柱：CHIRALPAK AD-H(4.6mm×250mmL，5μm)编号：AD-H-44B；流动相：正己烷；流量：1.0mL/min；背压：100bar；柱温：35℃；波长：210nm；周期：10min；)分离后得到两个光学异构体：峰1(保留时间：12.93s，340mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％，)，峰2(保留时间：15.55s，360mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％)。
峰1：MS m/z(ESI)：217.1[M-1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.05(dd，1H)，6.96(dd，1H)，6.88(t，1H)，4.78(s，1H)，3.22-3.12(m，1H)，2.99-2.92(m，1H)，2.63-2.53(m，1H)，2.19-2.13(m，1H)，1.93-1.73(m，4H)，1.65-1.56(m，1H)，1.28(d，6H)，1.16(d，3H)。
峰2：MS m/z(ESI)：217.1(M-1)。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.05(dd，1H)，δ6.96(dd，1H)，6.88(t，1H)，4.75(s，1H)，3.20-3.12(m，1H)，2.99-2.91(m，1H)，2.59-2.57(m，1H)，2.17-2.16(m，1H)，1.88-1.81(m，4H)，1.65-1.56(m，1H)，1.28(d，6H)，1.16(d，3H)。
实施例7
2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物7)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000043
第一步：[2-[(1-环丙基乙基)]-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1R)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7B)
[2-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)]-6-isopropyl-phenyl]N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]carbamate
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000044
向反应瓶中加入2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚(化合物1)(150g，0.71mol)和四氢呋喃(750mL)，滴加三乙胺(208g，2.06mol)，搅拌均匀后加入(1R)-1-苯乙基异氰酸酯(162g，1.10mol)，加热至63℃搅拌过夜后停止反应，反应液冷却至室温后，减压浓缩，残余物用乙酸乙酯(260mL)溶解，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，得到白色固体状的目标产物[2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1R)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7B)(270.00g)。
MS m/z(ESI)：352.5[M+1]。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.37～7.11(m，8H)，5.27～5.06(m，1H)，4.94～4.87(m，1H)，3.00～2.98(m，1H)，2.11～2.07(m，1H)，1.55(d，3H)，1.23～1.13(m，9H)，0.90～0.98(m，1H)，0.44～0.44(m，1H)，0.26～0.36(m，1H)，0.01～0.12(m，2H)。
第二步：[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1R)-苯基乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7C)
[2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenyl]N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]carbamate
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000045
将[2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1R)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7B)(270g，粗品)用正己烷重结晶5次，过滤，得到白色粉末状的目标产物[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1R)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7C)(60g，产率：23.26％，chiral-HPLC：99.7％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)δ7.46-7.08(m，8H)，5.28(d，1H)，4.90(m，1H)，3.12-2.87(m，1H)，2.06(d，1H)，1.55(d，3H)，1.32-0.88(m，10H)，0.49(s，1H)，0.31(s，1H)，0.18-0.03(m，2H)。
第三步：2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000046
将[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1R)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7C)(60g，170.71mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(600mL)中，加入1M的氢氧化钠溶液(290mL，290mmol)，氮气保护，加热至70℃反应4小时，静置分层，收集有机层，水层用1M盐酸调节pH为7，用乙酸乙酯(250mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，饱和食盐水(300mL×2)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝100∶1)得到淡黄色液体状的目标产物2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物7)(32.3g，产率：92.29％，HPLC：98.43％，chiral-HPLC：99.79％)。
MS m/z(ESI)：203.1[M-1]。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.14(dd，1H)，7.08(dd，1H)，6.91(t，1H)，4.93(s，1H)，3.22～3.14(m，1H)，2.55～2.48(m，1H)，1.33(d，6H)，1.28(d，3H)，1.10～1.05(m，1H)，0.60～0.58(m，1H)，0.49～0.46(m，1H)，0.25～0.18(m，2H)。
实施例8
2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物8)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000047
第一步：[2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1S)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯(8B)
[2-[cyclopropylethyl)]-6-isopropyl-phenyl]N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]carbamate
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000048
向反应瓶中加入2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基苯酚化合物1(42.00g，205.57mmol)和四氢呋喃(200mL)，滴加三乙胺(58.00g，573.18mmol)，搅拌均匀后加入(S)-(-)-1-苯乙基异氰酸酯(45.00g，308.36mmol)，加热至63℃搅拌6小时，减压浓缩，用乙酸乙酯(200mL)溶解，减压抽滤，将滤液减压浓缩得到白色固体状的标题产物[2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1S)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯8B(80.00g)。
MS m/z(ESI)：352.5[M+1]。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.38～7.11(m，8H)，5.27～5.08(m，1H)，4.94～4.87(m，1H)，3.00～2.97(m，1H)，2.08(s，1H)，1.55(d，3H)，1.23～1.13(m，9H)，0.95(s，1H)，0.49(s，1H)，0.31(s，1H)，0.05(s，1H)。
第二步：[2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1S)-苯基乙基]氨基甲酸酯(8C)
[2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenyl]N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]carbamate
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000049
将上一步所得到的[2-(1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯基]N-[(1S)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯8B(80.00g)用正己烷重结晶4次，过滤，滤饼烘干得到白色粉末状的标题产物[2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1S)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯8C(39g，产率：54.93％，HPLC：97.62％，chiral-HPLC：99.84％)。
(化合物1为只含一个手性中心的消旋体，拆分后能且只能得到两个异构体，即化合物7和化合物8。化合物8C含有两个手性中心，其中1个手性中心由(S)-(-)-1-苯乙基异氰酸酯引入，环丙烷基所连接的手性碳原子与化合物8的手性一致，故其环丙烷基所连接的手性碳原子的构型为S构型。)
第三步：2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物8)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000050
将[2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1S)-1-苯乙基]氨基甲酸酯8C(39.00g，110.96mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(390mL)中，加入1.0M氢氧化钠水溶液(190mL，190mmol)，氮气保护，加热至70℃反应4小时，静置分层，收集有机层，水层用1M盐酸调节pH 为7，用乙酸乙酯(250mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物用硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)＝100∶1)得到淡黄色液体的标题产物2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯酚化合物8(17.2g，产率：75.80％，HPLC：97.67％，chiral-HPLC：99.86％)。(化合物1为只含一个手性中心的消旋体，拆分后能且只能得到两个异构体，即化合物7和化合物8。)
MS m/z(ESI)：203.1[M-1]。
1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.14(dd，1H)，7.08(dd，1H)，6.93(t，1H)，4.93(s，1H)，3.22～3.15(m，1H)，2.55～2.48(m，1H)，1.32(d，6H)，1.28(d，3H)，1.10～1.04(m，1H)，0.60～0.58(m，1H)，0.49～0.46(m，1H)，0.25～0.18(m，2H)。
实施例9
2-((1S)-1-环丙基乙基)-6-((1R)-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物9)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000051
实施例10
2，6-二[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]苯酚(化合物10)
2，6-bis[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000052
实施例11
2，6-二[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]苯酚(化合物11)
2，6-bis[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000053
实施例9-11制备方法：将2，6-二(1-环丙基乙基)苯酚(化合物4)(4.8g，14.2mmol)进行手性拆分，采用HPLC法，用制备设备和手性柱对手性异构体进行分离(分离条件：手性柱CHIRALPAK OZ-H，流动相：正己烷/异丙醇(v/v)＝100∶0，流速：1.0mL/分钟，UV＝214nm，柱温：35℃)，分别收集15.7min，16.8min，21.3min组分，减压浓缩，分别得：峰1(白色固体，710mg，产率：59.1％，HPLC：96.89％，c-HPLC：97.92％)，峰2(黄色油状，1.3g，产率：54.16％，HPLC：97.50％，c-HPLC：99.33％)，峰3(白色固体，720mg，产率： 60％，HPLC：95.55％，c-HPLC：98.48％)。
峰1：MS m/z(ESI)：229.2[M-1]。
1HNMR：(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.13(d，2H)，6.90(t，1H)，5.06(s，1H)，2.52-2.48(m，2H)，1.29(d，6H)，1.06-1.02(m，2H)，0.55-0.42(m.4H)，0.22-0.16(m，4H)。
峰2：MS m/z(ESI)：229[M-1]。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.13(d，2H)，6.89(t，1H)，5.04(s，1H)，2.54-2.47(m，2H)，1.30(d，6H)，1.06-1.03(m，2H)，0.53-0.42(m.4H)，0.20-0.15(m，4H)。
峰3：MS m/z(ESI)：229.2[M-1]。
1HNMR：(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.13(d，2H)，6.89(t，1H)，5.05(s，1H)，2.53-2.46(m，2H)，1.29(d，6H)，1.05-1.01(m，2H)，0.56-0.42(m.4H)，0.20-0.14(m，4H)。
实施例12
2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物12)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-sec-butyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000054
第一步：2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基-6-(1-羟基-1-甲基-丙基]苯酚(12B)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-propyl)phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000055
取2-溴-6-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]苯酚(1f)(10.0g，0.04mol)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃(50mL)中，氮气保护，0℃以下滴加50mL正丁基锂(在正己烷中浓度为2.5M，0.12mol)，滴完后0℃以下反应40分钟，滴加丁酮(4.5g，0.06mol)，滴完后-10℃反应30分钟，然后自然恢复至室温搅拌过夜；0-5℃下慢慢滴加20mL水淬灭反应，之后静置分层；水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(40mL×2)，合并有机相，饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL×1)，无水硫酸钠干燥10分钟，减压浓缩后的残留物用硅胶柱纯化(洗脱剂为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯＝100∶1-50∶1).得到淡黄色油状物2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基-6-(1-羟基-1-甲基-丙基]苯酚12B(6.8g，产率70％)。
第二步：2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物12)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-sec-butyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000056
取2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基-6-(1-羟基-1-甲基-丙基]苯酚12B(6.0g，0.026mol)溶于30mL二氯甲烷中，氮气保护下加入三乙基硅烷(6.0g，0.05mol)，冷至-30℃以下滴加三氟乙酸(11.7g，0.1mol)，滴完后5℃以下反应3小时；加30mL水淬灭反应，静置分层，水相用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL×2)，合并有机相，加入四丁基氟化铵三水合物(4g，0.013mol)，室温搅拌30分钟后加入20mL水，继续搅拌3分钟，静置分层，水相用二氯甲烷萃取(20mL×3)，合并有机相，饱和食盐水洗涤(30mL×1)，无水硫酸钠干燥10分钟，减压浓缩后的残留物用硅胶柱纯化(洗脱剂为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯＝100∶1-50∶1)得淡黄色液体2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物24)(2.8g，产率50％；HPLC：97.43％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.11(dt，1H)，7.01(dd，1H)，6.88(t，1H)，4.88(br，1H)，2.91-2.89(m，1H)，2.52-2.50(m，1H)，1.67-1.57(m，2H)，1.30(d，3H)，1.24(d，3H)，1.06-1.04(m，1H)，0.89(t，3H)，0.58-0.53(m，1H)，0.48-0.44(m，1H)，0.21-0.17(m，2H)。
MS m/z(ESI)：217.3[M-1]。
实施例13：
2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-[(1S)-1-甲基丙基]苯酚(化合物13)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000057
实施例14：
2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-[(1R)-1-甲基丙基]苯酚(化合物14)
2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-[(1R)-1-methylpropyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000058
实施例13～14制备方法：
取2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物12)(1g)用于拆分，制备条件如下：仪器：吉尔森GX-281/CH-Y-C0630；色谱柱：CHIRALPAK OJ-H(4.6mm×150mmL，5μm)；流动相：正己烷∶异丙醇(v∶v＝100∶0)；流量：1mL/min；背压：100bar；柱温：35℃；波长：210nm；周期：8min；分离后得到两个光学异构体：峰1(0.35g，保留时间：4.977min，淡黄色油状物， ee％＝99％)，峰2(0.32g，保留时间：5.280min，淡黄色油状物，ee％＝98％)。
实施例15
2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物15)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-sec-butyl-phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000059
取1e(30.0g，0.12mol)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃(300mL)中，氮气保护，0℃以下滴加150mL正丁基锂(2.5Min正己烷，0.36mol)，滴完后0℃以下反应40分钟，滴加丁酮(55.7mL，0.7mol)，滴完后-10℃反应30分钟，然后自然恢复室温搅拌过夜；0-5℃下慢慢滴加水淬灭反应，之后静止分层；水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×2)，合并有机相，饱和食盐水洗(50mL×1)，无水硫酸钠干燥10分钟，减压浓缩后的残留物用硅胶柱纯化(洗脱机为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯＝100∶1to50∶1).得粗产品(35.5g)。
上一步的粗产品无需进一步纯化，取33.0g粗产品溶于165mL二氯甲烷中，氮气保护下加入三乙基硅烷(32.75g，0.24mol)，冷至-30℃以下滴加三氟乙酸(64.23g，0.48mol)，滴完后5℃以下反应3h；加200mL水淬灭反应，静止分层，水相用二氯甲烷萃取(100mL×2)，合并有机相，加入四丁基氟化铵三水合物(100g，0.28mol)，室温搅拌30分钟后加入500mL水，继续搅拌3分钟，静止分层，水相用二氯甲烷萃取(100mL×3)，合并有机相，饱和食盐水洗(200mL×1)，无水硫酸钠干燥10分钟，减压浓缩后的残留物用硅胶柱纯化(洗脱机为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯(v∶v)＝100∶1to50∶1)2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基-苯酚(化合物15)得淡黄色液体(10.1g，2步总产率37％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)δ7.09-7.12(m，1H)，7.00-7.02(m，1H)，6.89(t，1H)，4.88(s，1H)，2.87-2.93(m，1H)，2.46-2.56(m，1H)，1.55-1.69(m，2H)，1.29(d，3H)，1.24(d，3H)，1.02-1.08(m，1H)，0.89(t，3H)，0.53-0.58(m，1H)，0.43-0.49(m，1H)，0.16-0.23(m，2H)。
MS M/Z(ESI)：217.3(M-1)。
实施例16：
2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-[(1S)-1-甲基丙基]苯酚(化合物16)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000060
实施例17：
2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-[(1R)-1-甲基丙基]苯酚(化合物17)
2-[(1S)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-[(1R)-1-methylpropyl]phenol
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000061
实施例16～17制备方法：
取2-[(1S)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-仲丁基苯酚化合物15(500mg)，用于拆分，制备条件如下：仪器：安捷伦1260/LH-Y-J0371(4-1)；色谱柱：CHIRALCEL OJHS(0.46cm I.D.×15cm L)编号：AD-H-44B；流动相：正己烷∶异丙醇＝100∶1(v/v)；流量：1.0mL/min；背压：100bar；柱温：35℃；波长：214nm；周期：10min；分离后得到两个光学异构体：峰1(保留时间：3.61min，190mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％)，峰2(保留时间：4.21min，200mg，淡黄色液体，ee％＝99％)。
峰1：1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)δ7.09-7.12(m，1H)，7.00-7.02(m，1H)，6.89(t，1H)，4.88(s，1H)，2.87-2.93(m，1H)，2.46-2.56(m，1H)，1.55-1.69(m，2H)，1.29(d，3H)，1.24(d，3H)，1.02-1.08(m，1H)，0.89(t，3H)，0.53-0.58(m，1H)，0.43-0.49(m，1H)，0.16-0.23(m，2H)。
MS M/Z(ESI)：217.3(M-1)。
峰2：1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)δ7.09-7.12(m，1H)，7.00-7.02(m，1H)，6.89(t，1H)，4.88(s，1H)，2.87-2.93(m，1H)，2.46-2.56(m，1H)，1.55-1.69(m，2H)，1.29(d，3H)，1.24(d，3H)，1.02-1.08(m，1H)，0.89(t，3H)，0.53-0.58(m，1H)，0.43-0.49(m，1H)，0.16-0.23(m，2H)。
MS M/Z(ESI)：217.3(M-1)。
实施例18
[[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯氧基]甲基-钠氧基-膦酰基]氧钠(化合物18)
[[2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenoxy]methyl-sodiooxy-phosphoryl]oxysodium
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000062
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000063
第一步：2-(氯甲氧基)-1-((1R)-1-环丙基乙基)-3-异丙基-苯(18B)
2-(chloromethoxy)-1-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-3-isopropyl-benzene
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000064
向反应瓶中加入2-((1R)-1-环丙基乙基)-6-异丙基-苯酚(化合物7)(20.0g，0.098mol)、四氢呋喃(100mL)和氢氧化钠(7.84g，0.196mol)，加热回流30分钟，加入溴氯甲烷(380g，2.94mol)，70℃下反应2小时，停止搅拌。将反应液抽滤，将滤液减压浓缩，残留物硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(石油醚)得无色液体状的2-(氯甲氧基)-1-((1R)-1-环丙基乙基)-3-异丙基-苯(18B)粗品，直接用于下步反应。
1H NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ7.26-7.24(m，1H)，7.21-7.14(m，2H)，5.70(s，2H)，3.34-3.28(m，1H)，2.59-2.52(m，1H)，1.28(d，3H)，1.23(dd，6H)，0.95-0.93(m，1H)，0.56-0.54(m，1H)，0.35-0.33(m，1H)，0.24-0.15(m，2H)。
第二步：[[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯氧基]甲基-钠氧基-膦酰基]氧钠(化合物18)
[[2-[(1R)-1-cyclopropylethyl]-6-isopropyl-phenoxy]methyl-sodiooxy-phosphoryl]oxysodium
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000065
向反应瓶中加入磷酸(62.7g，0.64mol)、三乙胺(80.9g，0.80mol)和乙腈(400mL)，加热至65℃下搅拌30分钟，加入2-(氯甲氧基)-1-((1R)-1-环丙基乙基)-3-异丙基-苯(18B)(20.0g，0.08mol)，加热至75℃下搅拌3小时，减压浓缩，残留物用水(200mL)溶解，用10％的盐酸溶液调pH为1，用甲基叔丁基醚(200mL×3)萃取，饱和食盐水(100mL×1)洗涤，合并有机相，减压浓缩，向残留物中加入水(100mL)，用氢氧化钠溶液(氢氧化钠含量w/w＝20％)调pH为10-11左右，用甲基叔丁基醚(100mL×3)反洗至有机层无色，向残留物中加入异丙醇(300mL)，减压浓缩得残留物，残留物用乙腈(70mL)加热至50℃打浆，趁热抽滤，得白色固体状的[[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基-苯氧基]甲基-钠氧基- 膦酰基]氧钠(化合物18)(20.0g，产率：70％，HPLC：97.6％)。
1H NMR(400MHz，D2O)：δ7.41-7.38(m，1H)，7.31-7.26(m，2H)，5.23-5.17(m，2H)，3.47-3.44(m，1H)，2.63-2.59(m，1H)，1.30(d，3H)，1.22(dd，6H)，1.04-1.01(m，1H)，0.57-0.53(m，1H)，0.34-0.29(m，2H)，0.14-0.12(m，1H)。
MS m/z(ESI)：313.2[M-46+1]。
实施例19：
化合物7绝对构型的确证
1、[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1R)-苯基乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7C)的X-射线单晶衍射测试
取10mg[2-[(1R)-1-环丙基乙基]-6-异丙基苯基]N-[(1R)-苯基乙基]氨基甲酸酯(7C)溶于甲醇中，加热溶清后，静置数天，有单晶晶体析出，抽滤洗涤，干燥后待单晶检测。
选取大小为0.30mm×0.20mm×0.20mm的无色片状单晶粘合于玻璃丝上，衍射实验用晶体为三斜晶系，空间群为P1，晶胞参数：a＝5.3665(3)，b＝10.3493(11)，
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000066
α＝97.598(9)°，β＝96.660(7)°，γ＝90.165(6)°，晶胞体积
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000067
不对称单元数为Z＝2。在Xcalibur四圆单晶衍射仪上于293.15K用Mo Ka射线(λ＝0.7107，射线管管压：50kv，管流：40ma)收集衍射强度数据，晶体与CCD探测器间的距离D＝45mm，扫描方式：2θ(6.32°＜θ＜52.744°)，总共收集到8385个衍射点(-6≤h≤6，-12≤k≤12，-21≤1≤23)，其中独立衍射点为5645个[Rint＝0.0372，Rsigma＝0.0588]。晶体衍射强度数据的采集和还原使用了衍射仪配套软件：CrysAlisPro，晶体结构解析使用了Olex2和SHElXS-13(直接法)，对全部原子的坐标以及各向异性参数用SHElXL-13精修(偏最小二乘法)。最终获得的晶体结构其残差因子R1＝0.0850，wR2＝0.2088[I＞＝2σ(I)]，R1＝0.1115，wR2＝0.2405[all data]，S＝1.064，精修参数480个，约束条件3个。
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000068
化合物7C的16位碳原子的绝对构型由已知的(R)-(+)-1-苯乙基异氰酸酯引入，故化合 物7C的16位碳原子的绝对构型为已知的R构型，根据X-射线单晶衍射图谱(图1)显示：C-7的绝对构型与16-C的绝对构型一致，所以也为R构型。由化合物7C的绝对构型从而确证了化合物7的C-7的绝对构型为R构型。
2、手性保持实验
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000069
化合物7C需经过碱性水解反应后获得产物化合物7。进行手性保持实验，证实在碱性水解过程中化合物7C未发生C-7处的绝对构型转变。
实验方案：手性纯度为99.88％的化合物7与氢氧化钠水溶液和1，4-二氧六环在85℃加热2小时(此条件较化合物7C水解条件剧烈)后，再次进行手性纯度测试，证实化合物7的手性纯度仍为99.88％，与实验前手性纯度一致。此实验结果证实化合物7C中C-7的绝对构型与水解终产物化合物7中C-7的绝对构型一致。
实施例20
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000070
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为55～60℃作为油相；将注射 用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.0，控制温度为55～60℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例21
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000071
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入精制蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至9.5，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，放置式蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例22
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000072
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7、油酸搅拌均匀，控制温度为65～70℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.5，控制温度为65～70℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例23
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000073
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7搅拌均匀，控制温度为70～75℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至11.0，控制温度为70～75℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例24
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000074
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000075
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为70～75℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.0，控制温度为70～75℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例25
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000076
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为55～60℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.5，控制温度为55～60℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例26
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000077
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为55～60℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至11.0，控制温度为55～60℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例27
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000078
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，油酸搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水 相pH值至11.0，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例28
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000079
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7搅拌均匀，控制温度为70～75℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.0，控制温度为70～75℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例29
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000080
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为50～55℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量 50％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1w/v％针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至6.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例30
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000081
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)控制温度为60～65℃，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例31
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000082
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)控制温度为70-75℃，搅拌溶解、 均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na、丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入总配制量70％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例32
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000083
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)控制温度为75～80℃，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入总配制量80％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例33
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000084
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)控制温度为50～55℃，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na、丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(2).搅拌下缓 缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至5.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例34
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000085
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为40～45℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na、加入总配制量70％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至4.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、8min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例35
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000086
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京 威尔化工有限公司)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为30～35℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)，加入总配制量65％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至9.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、8min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例36
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000087
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为55～60℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na、加入总配制量75％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至(2)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。
热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例37
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000088
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000089
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为30～35℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量EDTA-2Na、丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入总配制量55％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至(2)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.0，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例38
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000090
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为55～60℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入总配制量80％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至(2)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例39
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000091
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000092
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为50～55℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例40
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000093
称取处方量化合物7、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)控制温度为60～65℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量70％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.0，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例41
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000094
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为40～45℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、加入总配制量75％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至6.0，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例42
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000095
称取处方量化合物7、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京 威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为55～60℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、EDTA-2Na加入总配制量65％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按5ml/支量灌装至20ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温1～2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，4h升温至-5℃保温6h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例43
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000096
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物10(或化合物9)，搅拌均匀，控制温度为70～75℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.0，控制温度为70～75℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物10(或化合物9)乳状注射液。
实施例44
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000097
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000098
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物2，搅拌均匀，控制温度为55～60℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至9.0，控制温度为55～60℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物2乳状注射液。
实施例45
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000099
称取处方量化合物10(或化合物9)、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为60～65℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量70％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例46
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000100
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000101
称取处方量化合物2、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为75～80℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量60％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至9.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例47
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000102
称取处方量化合物10(或化合物9)、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为30～35℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、加入总配制量65％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
实施例48
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000103
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000104
称取处方量化合物2、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为35～40℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、加入总配制量50％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至4.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
实施例49
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000105
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至9.5，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生 产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例50
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000106
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物7，搅拌均匀，控制温度为65～70℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至11.0，控制温度为65～70℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物7乳状注射液。
实施例51
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000107
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航 (铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物9，搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至9.5，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物9乳状注射液。
实施例52
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000108
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下混合，加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物2，搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至9.0，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA生产)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机(GEA Niro生产)反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物2乳状注射液。
实施例53
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000109
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000110
称取处方量化合物10、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为55～60℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量60％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例54
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000111
称取处方量化合物9、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为55～60℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量60％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例55
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000112
称取处方量化合物2、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为70～75℃，溶解、搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。量取总配制量65％的注射用水，搅拌下缓缓将(1)加至以上注射用水中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至8.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后通氮灌封。热压灭菌(121℃、12min)，即得水溶液制剂。
实施例56
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000113
称取处方量化合物10(或化合物9)、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为45～50℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇、加入总配制量70％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
实施例57
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000114
称取处方量化合物2、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)控制温度为55～60℃，搅拌均匀，得混合溶液(1)。称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、 加入总配制量55％的注射用水中，搅拌溶解、均匀，得混合溶液(2)。搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至6.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。
实施例58
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000115
称取注射用大豆油[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]、中链甘油三酸酯[来源：中航(铁岭)药业有限公司]，在氮气保护下，混合加热至约50℃，高速搅拌下加入精制蛋黄卵磷脂(来源：德国Lipoid GmbH)、化合物8，搅拌均匀，控制温度为60～65℃作为油相；将注射用甘油(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、油酸钠加入适量注射用水中，混合并调节水相pH值至10.5，控制温度为60～65℃作为水相。在高速搅拌(高剪切混合乳化机，IKA)下将油相加入水相中制成初乳，经高压均质机反复均质，检查乳粒符合要求，乳液过滤后通氮灌封，放置式蒸汽灭菌器中灭菌，冷却，检查合格后即得化合物8乳状注射液。
实施例59
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000116
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000117
称取处方量化合物10、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)，控制温度为60～65℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至6.3，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例60
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000118
称取处方量化合物13、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)，控制温度为65～70℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.0，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有 限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温8h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例61
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000119
称取处方量化合物16、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、，控制温度为75～80℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)、EDTA-2Na，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至5.4，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温12h，5h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例62
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000120
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000121
称取处方量化合物14、吐温-80(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、吐温-20(来源：南京威尔化工有限公司)、乙醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)，控制温度为60～65℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至6.8，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，5h升温至-5℃保温10h，4h升温至10℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例63
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000122
称取处方量化合物5、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)，控制温度为65～70℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活 性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至5.5，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，4h升温至-8℃保温10h，6h升温至5℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
实施例64
处方：
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000123
称取处方量化合物6、Solutol HS 15(来源：德国BASF)、BHA(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)、BHT(来源：四川海思科制药有限公司)，控制温度为65～70℃，搅拌溶解、混匀，得混合溶液(1)。
称取处方量丙二醇(来源：湖南尔康制药股份有限公司)、甘露醇(来源：广西南宁化学制药有限责任公司)，加入总配制量60％的注射用水中，得混合溶液(2)。
搅拌下缓缓将(2)缓缓加至(1)中，搅拌均匀后得澄清液。加入0.1％(w/v)针用活性炭，搅拌吸附15min后脱炭滤过，调节pH至7.8，加注射用水至配制体积，搅拌均匀。0.22μm滤芯滤过后按10ml/支量灌装至30ml西林瓶中，半加塞，进冻干机预冻。
隔板降温至-35℃以下，保温2h，后箱降温至-50℃以下，抽真空至20Pa以下，开启有限量泄漏，4h升温至-8℃保温10h，6h升温至5℃，保温至制品温度至0℃以上，3h升温至35℃，保温至制品温度到25℃以上，关闭有限量泄漏，保温2h。真空充氮气压塞，出箱轧盖。
以下实施例样品制备，按实施例20～实施例27所述制备方法进行制备。
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000124
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000125
以下实施例样品制备，按实施例28～实施例35所述制备方法进行制备。
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000126
实施例74：
本发明制剂水相游离API浓度测定
将丙泊酚脂肪乳剂(市售品)、本发明化合物分别置于Millipore Ultra-4超滤管(截留分子量3000)中，25℃离心15min，将下层水相取出，测定浓度，分别测定3次，结果取其平均值，结果表1所示：
表1、本发明制剂水相游离API浓度测定结果
化合物 水相游离API浓度，μg/mL
丙泊酚脂肪乳剂(10mg/mL) 2.20
实施例21(10mg/mL) 0.95
结论：实施例与丙泊酚脂肪乳剂相比，实施例的水相浓度降低了2-3倍，预测其可减少注射时疼痛，增加患者的顺应性。
实施例75：
本发明制剂的稳定性测试
将实施例19于30℃±2℃、RH65％±5％条件下放置，6个月后进行检测。结果见表2。
表2、本发明制剂的稳定性测试结果
时间(月) 0 6
性状 白色均匀乳状液 白色均匀乳状液
pH 8.28 7.66
平均粒径(nm) 227.6 214.8
异构体(％) 0.10 0.10
未知最大单杂(％) 未检出 未检出
总杂(％) 0.27 0.32
含量(％) 103.60 100.55
实施例76：
生物测试实验
1.小鼠翻正反射实验
SPF级ICR小鼠(SCXY(川)-2008-24-成都达硕生物科技有限公司)，18-22g，雌雄各半。利用成熟的小鼠麻醉模型研究受试化合物的全身麻醉效果(Ratnakumari Lingamaneni等(2001).Anesthesiology，2001，94，1050-7)。以半数有效量(ED50)、半数致死量(LD50)、治疗指数(TI，即LD50/ED50)、安全指数(SI，即LD5/ED95)、麻醉诱导时间、麻醉维持时间、最大耐受剂量(MTD)等指标评价麻醉效果和安全性。用10％DMSO、15％solutol HS 15、75％saline的溶剂将待测化合物配制为所需浓度备用。将实验动物在实验室环境中适应后禁食12小时。次日以10mL/kg体积给药，静脉注射后，记录翻正反射消失时间，给药后到翻正反射消失的时间为麻醉诱导时间，翻正反射消失到翻正反射恢复的时间为麻醉持续时间，以麻醉诱导时间和麻醉持续时间表示麻醉作用的强弱。同时测定产生7分钟麻醉所需剂量(HD7)来评估相对效力。
实验结果：见表3和表4。
表3小鼠翻正反射实验数据
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000127
结论：与丙泊酚相比，本发明化合物治疗指数大、安全指数高，具有比丙泊酚更宽的治疗窗。本发明大多数化合物的EDs0值小于丙泊酚，说明这些受试化合物起效剂量比丙泊酚小，具有比丙泊酚更高的活性。
表4比较受试化合物与丙泊酚的HD7结果
化合物编号 HD7(mg/kg)
丙泊酚 14.0
1 6.0
2 4.0
4 7.0
7 3.5
9 2.5
13 4.0
14 2.5
16 8.0
结论：本发明化合物在同样的麻醉效果下需要的剂量明显低于丙泊酚。
2、前药的小鼠翻正反射实验
SPF级ICR小鼠(SCXY(川)-2008-24-成都达硕生物科技有限公司)，18-22g，雌雄各半。利用成熟的小鼠麻醉模型研究受试化合物的全身麻醉效果(Ratnakumari Lingamaneni等(2001).Anesthesiology，2001，94，1050-7)。用生理盐水将待测化合物配制为所需浓度备用。 将SPF级ICR小鼠在实验室环境中适应后禁食12小时。次日以10mL/kg体积给药，静脉注射后，记录翻正反射消失时间，给药后到翻正反射消失的时间为麻醉诱导时间，翻正反射消失到翻正反射恢复的时间为麻醉持续时间，以麻醉诱导时间和麻醉持续时间表示麻醉作用的强弱。以半数有效量(ED50)、半数致死量(LD50)、治疗指数(TI，即LD50/ED50)、安全指数(SI，即LD5/ED95)、麻醉诱导时间，麻醉维持时间，最大耐受剂量(MTD)等指标评价麻醉效果和安全性。
实验结果如表5所示：
表5前药的小鼠翻正反射实验数据
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000128
结论：实验中，本发明的前药化合物均能溶解于生理盐水进行给药，避免了潜在地需要用脂质乳剂时易引起染菌的问题。实验结果表明前药在改善水溶性的同时，其在体内能代谢出原药，对小鼠具有较强的麻醉作用。
3、化合物7和8乳状注射液大鼠的翻正反射试验
实验药物：化合物7乳状注射液：实施例21提供，白色均匀乳状液体。化合物8乳状注射液：实施例52提供，白色均匀乳状液体。丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液：批号16FM0187，规格：50mL：0.5g，Fresennius Kabi GmnH生产，北京费森尤斯卡比医药有限公司分装。0.9％氯化钠溶液：批号M13060623，四川科伦药业股份有限公司生产。
SPF级SD大鼠(SCXK(京)2012-0001，北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司)，180-220g，雌雄各半。将SPF级SD大鼠禁食16小时后尾静脉给药。其中化合物7乳状注射液的给药剂量为0.5、0.75、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0、10.0、15.0mg/kg，化合物8乳状注射液的给药剂量为：5.0、6.0、7.0、10.0、15.0、20.0、30.0、40.0、50.0、60.0mg/kg；丙泊酚中/长链乳状注射液的给药剂量为：2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0、15.0、20.0、25.0、30.0、35.0、40.0mg/kg。实验开始前启动计时器，分别记录给药时间、翻正反射消失时间、翻正反射恢复时间及行走时间，并记录大鼠给药后的不良反应。
评价指标：
翻正反射消失起效时间：注射结束至翻正反射消失，使之处于仰卧位并能够持续60秒的时间；
翻正反射消失持续时间：翻正反射消失至翻正反射能力恢复，使之处于仰卧位翻正时 间小于2秒的时间(主要指标)；
行走时间：翻正反射能力恢复至出现自主的向前运动，四肢肌张力恢复的时间。
采用非线性拟合计算导致50％的大鼠丧失翻正反射所需剂量(HD50)和产生10分钟麻醉所需的剂量(HD10分钟)来评估化合物的相对效力。通过计算治疗指数TI(LD50/HD50)评估化合物的安全窗口。试验结果如表6所示。
表6.受试物对于大鼠翻正反射消失(LORR)有效性及安全窗
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000129
结果显示，相比于化合物8乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液，化合物7乳状注射液显示出更高的麻醉效力，HD50约为丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液的1/5，化合物7乳状注射液产生10分钟麻醉效应所需的剂量仅为丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液的1/6。相比丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液，化合物7乳状注射液和化合物8状注射液均显示了良好的TI(治疗指数)，表明有更好的安全窗。
4、比格犬的麻醉量效试验
试验药物：化合物7乳状注射液：实施例21提供，白色均匀乳状液体。丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液：批号16FM0187，规格：50mL：0.5g，Fresennius Kabi GmnH生产，北京费森尤斯卡比医药有限公司分装。0.9％氯化钠溶液：批号M13060623，四川科伦药业股份有限公司生产。
试验采用拉丁方试验设计。6只普通级比格犬(SCXK(川)2013-24，成都达硕生物科技有限公司)，体重8-12kg，雌雄各半，编号，试验清洗期为2-3天，每次试验前称量体重，每次试验，每只比格犬给药剂量均不相同，试验完成后，每只比格犬均依次给予六个不同剂量。每次试验比格犬禁食18小时，前肢头静脉给药(60-80秒完成注射)，化合物7乳状注射液的给药剂量为：0.8mg/kg(低剂量)、1.2mg/kg(中剂量)、2.5mg/kg(高剂量)；丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液的给药剂量为：3.0mg/kg(低剂量)、5.0mg/kg(中剂量)、10.0mg/kg(高剂量)。每次实验开始前启动计时器，以0：0起始，按照分：秒格式分别记录给药开始和结束时间、开始麻醉时间、开始苏醒时间及开始行走时间。并记录比格犬给药后的不良反应。
评价指标：
起效时间：从比格犬注射开始至比格犬开始垂头及眼睑闭合时间；
麻醉时间：从比格犬垂头及眼睑闭合至比格犬开始苏醒时间例如睁眼、抬头(主要指标)；
行走时间：从比格犬开始苏醒至可以站立行走时间。
计算各剂量下起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间的均值和标准偏差，以均值±标准偏差表示，并分别对化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳剂产生相同麻醉程度下的起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间进行T检验。试验结果见表7。
表7.化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液比格犬药效表
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000130
结论：化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液均显示出剂量依赖的麻醉作用，化合物7乳状注射液三个剂量下所产生的起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间与丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液对应三个剂量均无统计学差异，并且在同等药效下化合物7乳状注射液所需剂量更低，约为丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液所需剂量的1/4。
5、小型猪的麻醉量效试验
试验药物：化合物7乳状注射液：实施例21提供，白色均匀乳状液体。丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液：批号16FM0187，规格：50mL：0.5g，白色均匀乳状液体，25℃以下，避光保存，不得冷冻，Fresennius Kabi GmnH生产，北京费森尤斯卡比医药有限公司分装。生理盐水：批号M13060623，四川科伦药业股份有限公司生产。
试验采用拉丁方试验设计。4只小型猪，雌雄各半，编号，每次试验前称量体重，每次试验，每只小型猪给药剂量均不相同，试验完成，每只小型猪均依次给予六个不同剂量。试验前，小型猪禁食18小时，耳缘静脉给药(约80-120s完成注射)，化合物7乳状注射液的给药剂量为0.6mg/kg(低剂量)、1.0mg/kg(高剂量)、2.0mg/kg(高剂量)；丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液的给药剂量为3.0mg/kg(低剂量)、5.0mg/kg(高剂量)、10.0mg/kg(高剂量)。每次 实验开始前启动计时器，分别记录给药开始和结束时间、开始麻醉时间、开始苏醒时间及开始行走时间。并记录小型猪给药后的不良反应。
评价指标：
起效时间：从小型猪注射开始至小型猪开始垂头及眼睑闭合时间；
麻醉时间：从小型猪垂头及眼睑闭合至小型猪开始苏醒时间例如睁眼、抬头(主要指标)；
行走时间：从小型猪开始苏醒至可以站立行走时间。
计算各剂量下起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间的均值和标准偏差，以均值±标准偏差表示，并分别对化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳剂产生相同麻醉程度下的起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间进行T检验。试验结果见表8。
结果显示，化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液均显示出剂量依赖的麻醉作用，除化合物7低剂量组(0.6mg/kg)麻醉时间相比丙泊酚低剂量组(3.0mg/kg)有统计学意义的增加以外，化合物7乳状注射液三个剂量下所产生的起效时间、麻醉时间和行走时间与丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液对应三个剂量无统计学差异，并且在同等药效下化合物7乳状注射液所需剂量更低，约为丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液所需剂量的1/5。
表8.化合物7乳状注射液和丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液小型猪药效表
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000131
*：表示化合物7低剂量组(0.6mg/kg)麻醉时间相比丙泊酚低剂量组(3.0mg/kg)有统计学意义的增加，P＜0.05。
6、健康人体初步药效学研究
试验方案：
健康志愿者42名，男性，随机分为8组，按照以下表格进行随机分配：组1和组2随 机分配单次静脉注射化合物7乳状注射液或安慰剂，组1和组2的第一名受试者给药化合物7，剩余受试者采取双盲试验。组3至组8受试者开放式随机分配单次静脉注射化合物7乳状注射液或丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液。
表9.化合物7剂量研究
Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-000132
*受试化合物人数：化合物7乳状注射液给药人数，化合物7乳状注射液采用与实施例21相同的制备方法得到。对照人数：丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液(Fresofol 1％MCT/LCT丙泊酚)或安慰剂人数，安慰剂为除化合物7乳状注射液活性成分之外的其他成分，制备方法与化合物7乳状注射液的方法相同。
受试者过夜禁食6小时以上。化合物7乳状注射液采用单次静脉注射给药。组1和组2采用人工推注给药2～3秒。组3至组8采用注射泵恒速给药超过1分钟。
药效动力学参数：
主要参数包括RASS和注射痛的耐受性(主诉疼痛分级法(VRS)研究者感知受试者的疼痛情况)；次要参数包括心血管参数和与认知功能恢复评估(QoR-40)相关的EEG(脑电图)和BIS(脑电双频指数)。
试验结果：
在化合物7在0.128mg/kg的给药剂量下，开始出现浅麻状态；化合物7的剂量为丙泊酚剂量的1/3～1/5时，达到与丙泊酚相同麻醉效果。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
本发明药物制剂均能实现规模化生产，所得产品稳定，且安全性优异，可用作麻醉剂、镇镇剂等药物。

Claims (57)

  1. 一种药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.01w/v％～5w/v％的活性成分，所述的活性成分为通式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100001
    其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基；n选自1或2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的药物制剂，其特征在于：
    R1选自甲基、乙基或异丙基；R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基或环丙基。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的药物制剂，其特征在于通式(I)化合物选自以下结构之一：
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100002
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的药物制剂，其特征在于通式(I)化合物选自以下结构之一：
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100003
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的药物制剂为水溶液制剂，进一步包含0.1w/v％～20w/v％的增溶剂和0～30w/v％的潜溶剂。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.05w/v％～3w/v％的活性成分和0.1w/v％～15w/v％的增溶剂、0.1w/v％～20w/v％的潜溶剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.1w/v％～2w/v％的活性成分和 0.2w/v％～10w/v％的增溶剂、0.1w/v％～10w/v％的潜溶剂。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的药物制剂，其特征在于：
    所述的增溶剂选自吐温-80、吐温-20、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯或泊洛沙姆中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；
    所述的潜溶剂选自乙醇、甘油、丙二醇或聚乙二醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的药物制剂包含0.01w/v％～5w/v％的活性成分、0.1w/v％～20w/v％的增溶剂和0～30w/v％的潜溶剂和1w/v％～30w/v％的填充剂。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的药物制剂，其特征包含0.05w/v％～3w/v％的活性成分、0.1w/v％～15w/v％的增溶剂、0.1w/v％～20w/v％的潜溶剂和3w/v％～15w/v％的填充剂。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.1w/v％～2w/v％的活性成分和0.2w/v％～10w/v％的增溶剂、0.1w/v％～10w/v％的潜溶剂和5w/v％～10w/v％的填充剂。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任意一项所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的药物制剂配液完毕后，进一步被冻干。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的药物制剂，其特征在于：
    所述的增溶剂选自吐温-80、吐温-20、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯或泊洛沙姆中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；
    所述的潜溶剂选自乙醇、甘油、丙二醇或聚乙二醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；
    所述的填充剂选自乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸钠、氯化钠、磷酸氢二钠、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、山梨醇、乳糖酸钙、右旋糖酐或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  14. 根据权利要求5～13任一项所述的药物制剂，其特征在于进一步包含0w/v％～10w/v％的pH调节剂。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的pH调节剂选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三乙醇胺、盐酸、枸橼酸或磷酸中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的药物制剂，其特征在于进一步包含0～5w/v％的等渗调节剂。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的等渗调节剂选自甘油、山梨 醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  18. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的药物制剂为脂肪乳剂，进一步包含5w/v％～30w/v％的油性成份和0.5w/v％～5w/v％的乳化剂。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.05w/v％～3w/v％的活性成分、5w/v％～20w/v％的油性成份和0.5w/v％～3w/v％的乳化剂。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的药物制剂，其特征在于包含0.1w/v％～2w/v％的活性成分、5w/v％～15w/v％的油性成份和0.5w/v％～2w/v％的乳化剂。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的药物制剂，其特征在于：
    所述的油性成分选自大豆油、橄榄油、鱼油、亚麻油、中链甘油三酸酯、结构甘油三酯中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物；
    所述的乳化剂选自泊洛沙姆、吐温-80、聚乙二醇15羟基硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油、蛋黄卵磷脂或大豆卵磷脂中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的药物制剂，其特征在于进一步包含0～0.2w/v％的助乳化剂。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的助乳化剂选自油酸、油酸钠中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的药物制剂，其特征在于进一步包含0～5w/v％的等渗调节剂。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述的等渗调节剂选自甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇或甘露醇中的任一种或任几种任意比例的混合物。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述药物制剂包含0.1w/v％～2w/v％的活性成分、5w/v％～15w/v％的大豆油或中链甘油三酸酯中的任一种或两种任意比例的混合物、0.5w/v％～2w/v％的蛋黄卵磷脂、0w/v％～5w/v％的甘油和0～0.2w/v％的油酸钠。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的药物制剂，其特征在于所述药物制剂的pH选自3.0-10.0、4.0～9.0或6.0～9.0。
  28. 一种权利要求1～27任一项所述的药物制剂在制备用于诱导和维持动物或者人类的麻醉、促进动物或者人类的镇静催眠、治疗和/或预防焦虑、抑郁、失眠、恶心、呕吐、偏头痛、精神分裂、惊厥和癫痫药物中的用途。
  29. 一种诱导或维持哺乳动物全身麻醉或镇静的方法，所述的方法包括对该哺乳动物 给药有效剂量的式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其中所述的有效剂量为负荷剂量和/或维持剂量，其中，式(I)化合物的负荷剂量为0.01mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内，式(I)化合物的维持剂量为0.01mg/(kg·h)至20.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内，式(I)化合物的前药的负荷剂量为0.1mg/kg至30.0mg/kg的范围内；
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100004
    其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基；n选自1或2。
  30. 根据权利要求29的方法，其特征在于：
    R1选自甲基、乙基或异丙基；R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基或环丙基。
  31. 根据权利要求30的方法，其特征在于所述式(I)化合物选自如下结构之一：
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100005
  32. 根据权利要求29的方法，其特征在于所述式(I)化合物的前药选自如下式(II)化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100006
    其中，R1、R2和n的定义如权利要求28所述；
    Z+各自独立选自H+、Na+或K+。
  33. 根据权利要求29-32任一项的方法，式(I)化合物的负荷剂量任选自0.05mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、0.1mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、0.1mg/kg至5.0mg/kg的范围内、0.1mg/kg至2.0mg/kg的范围内、0.1mg/kg至1.0mg/kg的范围内；
    式(I)化合物的前药的负荷剂量任选自0.5mg/kg至15.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至12.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至10.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至8.0mg/kg的范围内、1.0mg/kg至6.0mg/kg的范围内或1.0mg/kg至5.0mg/kg的范围内；
    式(I)化合物的维持剂量任选自0.01mg/(kg·h)至10.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、0.02mg/(kg·h)至6.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、0.05mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、0.1mg/(kg·h)至4.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内、0.1mg/(kg·h)至2.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内或0.1mg/(kg·h)至2.0mg/(kg·h)的范围内。
  34. 根据权利要求29-33任意一项的方法，式(I)化合物或其前药的负荷剂量给药时间为在10分钟内。
  35. 根据权利要求34的方法，式(I)化合物或其前药的负荷剂量给药时间为在2分钟内。
  36. 根据权利要求29-33任意一项的方法，其中给药形式为单次给药、多次给药、连续给药和靶控输注中的一种或多种。
  37. 根据权利要求29-33任意一项的方法，其中通过选自如下的途径进行给药：静脉内注射、动脉内注射、肌肉内注射、透皮吸收、含服吸收、肠胃外腹膜内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、通过局部递送、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内或鞘内。
  38. 根据权利要求37的方法，其中通过静脉内注射进行给药。
  39. 根据权利要求29-38任意一项的方法，所述的方法进一步包括对该哺乳动物同时给予一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助作用的药物。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的方法，所述的其它活性成分选自γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂、γ-氨基丁酸受体增强剂、M受体拮抗剂、N2受体拮抗剂、5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂、钠离子通道拮抗剂或阿片受体激动剂。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的方法，所述的其它活性成分选自静脉麻醉药、吸入麻醉药或麻醉辅助剂。
  42. 根据权利要求41的方法，所述的静脉麻醉药选自丙泊酚、磷丙泊酚钠、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、羟丁酸钠或依托咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的吸入麻醉药选自七氟烷、异氟烷、恩氟烷、地氟烷、甲氧氟烷或氧化亚氮；
    所述的麻醉辅助剂选自镇静催眠药、抗胆碱药、肌松药、止吐药、局部麻醉药或镇痛药中。
  43. 根据权利要求42的方法，所述的镇静催眠药选自地西泮、氟西泮、氯氮卓、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、丁螺环酮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、氟哌利多、异丙嗪、氯丙嗪、巴比妥、苯巴比妥、戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、司可巴比妥或硫喷妥钠，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的抗胆碱药选自阿托品或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的肌松药选自维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵、哌库溴铵、米库氯铵、阿曲库铵或琥珀酰胆碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的止吐药选自托烷司琼、帕洛诺司、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、东莨菪碱、赛克力嗪或甲氧氯普胺中，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的局部麻醉药选自利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、阿替卡因或达克罗宁，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的镇痛药选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、吗啡、哌替啶、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮或奈福泮，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
  44. 配制成液体或冻干制剂的药物组合物，其中该液体或冻干制剂包含式(I)化合物或者其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐或前药，其液体或冻干前溶液的浓度范围为0.1mg/mL至50.0mg/mL，
    Figure PCTCN2015088341-appb-100007
    其中R1和R2各自独立的选自C1-4烷基或C3-6环烷基；n选自1或2。
  45. 根据权利要求44的药物组合物，所述的浓度范围任选自0.1mg/mL至40.0mg/mL、0.5mg/mL至30.0mg/mL、1.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL或5.0mg/mL至20.0mg/mL。
  46. 根据权利要求44-45任意一项的药物组合物，其中该液体或冻干制剂还包含除式(I)化合物以外的一种或多种其它活性成分，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助作用的药物。
  47. 根据权利要求46的药物组合物，所述的其它活性成分选自γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂、γ-氨基丁酸受体增强剂、M受体拮抗剂、N2受体拮抗剂、5-羟色胺3受体拮抗、钠离子通道拮抗剂或阿片受体激动剂。
  48. 根据权利要求46的药物组合物，所述的其它活性成分选自静脉麻醉药或麻醉辅助剂。
  49. 根据权利要求48的药物组合物，所述的静脉麻醉药选自丙泊酚、磷丙泊酚钠、咪达唑仑、氯胺酮、硫喷妥钠、羟丁酸钠或依托咪酯，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的麻醉辅助剂选自镇静催眠药、抗胆碱药、肌松药、止吐药、局部麻醉药或镇痛药。
  50. 根据权利要求49的药物组合物，所述的镇静催眠药选自地西泮、氟西泮、氯氮卓、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、丁螺环酮、咪达唑仑、右美托咪定、氟哌利多、异丙嗪、氯丙嗪、巴比妥、苯巴比妥、戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥、司可巴比妥或硫喷妥钠，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的抗胆碱药选自阿托品或东莨菪碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的肌松药选自维库溴铵、罗库溴铵、泮库溴铵、哌库溴铵、米库氯铵、阿曲库铵或琥珀酰胆碱，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的止吐药选自托烷司琼、帕洛诺司、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、东莨菪碱、赛克力嗪或甲氧氯普胺，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的局部麻醉药选自利多卡因、罗哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、阿替卡因或达克罗宁，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐；
    所述的镇痛药选自芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼、阿芬太尼、吗啡、哌替啶、地佐辛、布托啡诺、羟考酮或奈福泮，包括他们的药学上可接受的盐。
  51. 根据权利要求44-50任意一项的药物组合物，其中该液体或冻干制剂适于静脉注射给药。
  52. 根据权利要求44-50任意一项的药物组合物，其中该液体制剂是适于静脉注射给药的水溶液制剂或静脉注射给药的脂肪乳剂。
  53. 一种药剂盒，它包含：单个或多个剂量的根据权利要求44-52任意一项的药物组合物；以及说明书，其包含一种或多种形式的信息，该信息选自显示给予药物组合物所针对的疾病状态、药物组合物的贮藏信息、给药信息和关于如何给予药物组合物的用法说明。
  54. 一种制造品，它包含：单个或多个剂量的根据权利要求44-52任意一项的药物组合物；以及包装材料。
  55. 根据权利要求54的制造品，其中所述的包装材料包含用于容纳所述的单个或多个剂量的药物组合物的容器。
  56. 根据权利要求54的制造品，其中所述的容器包含标签，该标签显示选自如下的一项或多项内容：给予所述组合物所针对的疾病状态、贮藏信息、给药信息和/或关于如何给 予所述组合物的用法说明。
  57. 式(I)化合物联合一种或多种除式(I)化合物以外的其它活性成分用于制备哺乳动物的全身麻醉或镇痛的药物中的用途，所述的其它活性成分选自具有镇静催眠或麻醉辅助作用的药物。
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WO2018014770A1 (zh) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 四川海思科制药有限公司 一种苯酚衍生物和依托咪酯的药物组合物、药物制剂及其用途
CN112245426A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2021-01-22 四川海思科制药有限公司 一种苯酚衍生物和依托咪酯的药物组合物、药物制剂及其用途
CN109310676A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2019-02-05 四川海思科制药有限公司 一种苯酚衍生物和依托咪酯的药物组合物、药物制剂及其用途
CN108017559B (zh) * 2016-11-04 2020-08-04 四川海思科制药有限公司 苯环衍生物及其在医药上的应用
CN108017559A (zh) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 四川海思科制药有限公司 苯环衍生物及其在医药上的应用
CN108069833B (zh) * 2016-11-15 2020-11-06 四川海思科制药有限公司 苯并四环衍生物及其制备方法和在医药上的应用
CN108069833A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-25 四川海思科制药有限公司 苯并四环衍生物及其制备方法和在医药上的应用
CN110063947A (zh) * 2018-01-24 2019-07-30 四川海思科制药有限公司 苯酚衍生物用于制备麻醉药物中的用途
CN108653446A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-16 四川大学华西医院 一种表面麻醉药物组合物、微乳及其制备方法和应用
CN110361472A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-22 武汉嘉诺康医药技术有限公司 一种米库氯铵中间体miv-g异构体的hplc检测方法
WO2021239130A1 (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 四川海思科制药有限公司 一种药物制剂及其制备方法
CN111759857A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-13 宁波市微循环与莨菪类药研究所 Gabrd甲基化靶点在制备抗海洛因复吸药物中的应用
WO2022028322A1 (zh) 2020-08-03 2022-02-10 四川海思科制药有限公司 确定丙泊酚及其衍生物群体药代动力学模型的方法及系统

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