WO2016002484A1 - アルミニウム製フィン材の親水皮膜被覆方法、アルミニウム製フィン材及びアルミニウム製熱交換器 - Google Patents
アルミニウム製フィン材の親水皮膜被覆方法、アルミニウム製フィン材及びアルミニウム製熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016002484A1 WO2016002484A1 PCT/JP2015/067084 JP2015067084W WO2016002484A1 WO 2016002484 A1 WO2016002484 A1 WO 2016002484A1 JP 2015067084 W JP2015067084 W JP 2015067084W WO 2016002484 A1 WO2016002484 A1 WO 2016002484A1
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- hydrophilic
- hydrophilic film
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- aluminum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D171/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/20—Metallic substrate based on light metals
- B05D2202/25—Metallic substrate based on light metals based on Al
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for coating a hydrophilic film on an aluminum fin material, an aluminum fin material, and an aluminum heat exchanger.
- Aluminum and its alloys are lightweight and have excellent workability and thermal conductivity, and thus are used in various applications.
- a heat exchanger using aluminum is known.
- a heat exchanger fin such as an air conditioner
- moisture in the atmosphere adheres to the fin surface as condensed water during cooling operation, and this water droplet may cause clogging.
- This clogging may increase ventilation resistance and reduce the exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and may cause problems such as noise generation and contamination due to splashing water droplets.
- a hydrophilization treatment agent As a hydrophilization treatment agent, a polymer composition for hydrophilization treatment containing a polymer such as a polyacrylic acid polymer and a polymer such as polyethylene oxide that forms a hydrogen bond with the polymer has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
- Patent Document 1 a polymer composition for hydrophilization treatment containing a polymer such as a polyacrylic acid polymer and a polymer such as polyethylene oxide that forms a hydrogen bond with the polymer.
- Patent Document 1 a polymer composition for hydrophilization treatment containing a polymer such as a polyacrylic acid polymer and a polymer such as polyethylene oxide that forms a hydrogen bond with the polymer.
- This is a technique for improving the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic film, but depending on the type of contaminants that adhere, the hydrophilic deterioration cannot be sufficiently suppressed. Further, the adhesion between the metal surface and the hydrophilic film in a state where moisture is attached is also insufficient.
- hydrophilic treatment agent containing a salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, N-methylolacrylamide, polyacrylic acid and polyethylene oxide, and an aqueous polymer compound having a polyoxyalkylene chain, an aqueous resin and a hydrophilic agent containing N-methylolacrylamide Chemical treatment agents have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3). Since these are blended with N-methylolacrylamide as a monomer, the above-mentioned sustainability when a contaminant is attached is insufficient.
- a monoethylenic monomer having a polyoxyalkylene chain, a (meth) acrylamide-based monoethylenic monomer, a crosslinkable unsaturated monomer having an N-methylol group and a polymerizable double bond, such as N-methylolacrylamide, and other monomers have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 to 6).
- the hydrophilic sustainability after adhesion of contaminants is enhanced and the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface in the state where water is adhered is also enhanced. (See Patent Documents 7 and 8).
- JP-A-6-322292 JP-A-6-322552 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-102189 JP-A-8-120003 JP 2000-248225 A JP 2002-302644 A JP 2005-2151 A JP 2014-000534 A
- the hydrophilic film formed on the metal surface is excellent in adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface in a state where moisture adheres, and is contaminated. It also has excellent hydrophilic sustainability when the substance is attached.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to exhibit a very high hydrophilicity (superhydrophilicity) and also excellent hydrophilicity and hydrophilicity in a state where moisture is attached.
- a surface treatment method for a heat exchanger capable of forming a hydrophilic film having excellent adhesion between the film and the metal surface, an aluminum fin material having a hydrophilic film formed on the fin surface by the method, and the aluminum fin material It is to provide an aluminum heat exchanger to be used.
- the present inventors contain a hydrophilic resin and crosslinkable fine particles, and as the hydrophilic resin, contain a specific (meth) acrylic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and a polyalkylene ether resin having a specific molecular weight,
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by covering the metal surface with a hydrophilic film formed using a hydrophilizing agent whose composition is adjusted to a specific range, and the present invention has been completed. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.
- the present invention A process of forming a chemical conversion film by bringing a chemical conversion treatment agent into contact with the surface of an aluminum fin material used in an aluminum heat exchanger, and a step of contacting a hydrophilic treatment agent with the chemical conversion film obtained in the above process
- a surface treatment method of an aluminum heat exchanger having a step of forming a hydrophilic film
- the hydrophilizing agent includes a (meth) acrylic resin (A), a polyvinyl alcohol (B), a polyalkylene ether resin (C) containing a repeating unit derived from an acrylic acid monomer and / or a repeating unit derived from a methacrylic acid monomer.
- the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is (1) It does not have a repeating unit derived from a monomer having a sulfo group and a repeating unit derived from a monomer having an amide group, (2) The weight average molecular weight is 20,000 to 2,000,000, (3) The resin solids acid value is 100 to 800 mgKOH / g, The polyalkylene ether resin (C) has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 500,000, The crosslinkable fine particles (D) are 30 to 95% by mass of the monomer (a) represented by the following formula (I), 5 to 60% by mass of the monomer (b) having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a polymerizable double bond, And 0 to 50% by mass of other polymerizable monomer (c), (In the formula, R 1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group.
- R 2 represents CH 2 or C 2 H 4.
- the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) in the hydrophilizing agent solid content is 10 to 30% by mass, and the solid content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is 5 to 40% by mass.
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) is 40 to 50% by mass, the crosslinkable fine particles (D) are 10 to 20% by mass,
- the ratio of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) to the content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) in the hydrophilization agent solid content content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) / polyalkylene ether resin ( The content of C) is 1/9 to 1/1, and a method for coating a hydrophilic film on an aluminum fin material is provided.
- the present invention provides an aluminum fin material characterized in that a hydrophilic film is formed on the surface by the hydrophilic film coating method of the present invention.
- the present invention also provides an aluminum heat exchanger using the aluminum fin material of the present invention.
- the hydrophilic film formed on the metal surface using the hydrophilizing agent of the present invention exhibits an extremely high hydrophilicity (superhydrophilicity), is excellent in hydrophilic sustainability, and is in a state where moisture is attached. Excellent adhesion to metal surface.
- ⁇ Aluminum fin material> The aluminum coil formed by applying the hydrophilizing agent used in the present invention is subjected to predetermined processing to form fins.
- the method of forming the hydrophilic film with the hydrophilizing agent is not particularly limited.
- the hydrophilizing agent is converted into aluminum according to the roll coater method.
- a method of forming a hydrophilic film can be used by applying to a coil and drying it by heating.
- the surface of the aluminum fin material is required to have hydrophilicity and corrosion resistance, but generally, the more excellent the hydrophilicity, the lower the corrosion resistance. Therefore, in the aluminum fin material of the present invention, in order to form a corrosion-resistant film on the base before forming the hydrophilic film, after the chemical conversion treatment, the corrosion-resistant surface treatment may be performed by a primer treatment with an organic resin. There is no problem.
- Aluminum is a general term for metals and alloys mainly composed of aluminum, and is a concept including pure aluminum and aluminum alloys.
- a plurality of fins are arranged at a narrow interval so as to make the surface area as large as possible, and refrigerant supply tubes are arranged in these fins.
- the refrigerant pipe and the fin material are integrated with each other by inserting a refrigerant pipe made of a copper alloy into a cylindrical collar portion provided in the aluminum fin material. It is a heat exchanger comprised from the cross fin tube assembled
- the fin material is manufactured by pressing an assembly hole having a fin collar portion having a height of about 1 to 4 mm for inserting and fixing the tube into a heat exchanger fin material made of an aluminum plate.
- a separately prepared tube is inserted into the assembly hole.
- the tube is usually provided by subjecting a copper tube or a copper alloy tube to a groove processing on the inner surface by rolling or the like, and then performing a regular cutting and a hairpin bending process.
- the tube is expanded and fixed to the aluminum plate fin material, and the heat exchanger is manufactured through a process of brazing the U-bend tube to the tube end opposite to the side subjected to the hairpin bending process.
- the “copper alloy” is a general term for metals and alloys mainly composed of copper, and is a concept including pure copper and copper alloys.
- the surface treatment method of the present invention uses a specific hydrophilic treatment agent.
- This specific hydrophilization treatment agent contains a specific hydrophilic resin and specific crosslinkable fine particles in a specific ratio. By containing these components, the formed hydrophilic film exhibits extremely high hydrophilicity (superhydrophilicity) and is excellent in hydrophilic sustainability and in a state where moisture adheres to the surface of the metal and the metal surface. Excellent adhesion.
- the hydrophilic resin of the present invention includes a (meth) acrylic resin (A), a polyvinyl alcohol (B), and a polyalkylene ether containing a repeating unit derived from an acrylic acid monomer and / or a repeating unit derived from a methacrylic acid monomer. It is essential to contain the resin (C).
- (Meth) acrylic resin (A) contains a repeating unit derived from at least one of acrylic acid monomer and methacrylic acid monomer.
- the total content of the repeating unit derived from the acrylic acid monomer and the repeating unit derived from the methacrylic acid monomer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 100% by mass.
- the (meth) acrylic resin (A) may contain a repeating unit other than a repeating unit derived from an acrylic acid monomer and a repeating unit derived from a methacrylic acid monomer.
- a repeating unit derived from an acrylic acid monomer may contain a repeating unit other than a repeating unit derived from an acrylic acid monomer and a repeating unit derived from a methacrylic acid monomer.
- a derivative of an acrylic acid monomer or a methacrylic acid monomer may benzophenylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- monomers having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule include methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, i-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isononyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate.
- Alkyl methacrylates such as stearyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates such as methyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate and n-octyl acrylate, aralkyl methacrylates such as benzyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, etc.
- Alkoxyalkyl methacrylates such as aralkyl acrylate and butoxyethyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl acrylic Over alkoxyalkyl acrylate such as bets and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the (meth) acrylic resin (A) may contain components other than the above-mentioned monomers, but the repeating unit derived from a monomer having a sulfo group and a repeating unit derived from a monomer having an amide group It is preferable not to contain. When these are included, it tends to be difficult to suppress the generation of odor.
- the solid content of (meth) acrylic resin (A) in the total solid content of the hydrophilic treatment agent is 10 to 30% by mass.
- the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is less than 10% by mass, the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface is lowered.
- the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) exceeds 30% by mass, hydrophilic sustainability decreases. If the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is within the above range, most of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is present at the boundary with the metal surface, and on the surface side of the hydrophilic film. The (meth) acrylic resin (A) can be prevented from being present.
- the acid value of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is 100 to 800 mgKOH / g.
- the acid value of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is less than 100 mgKOH / g, the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface is lowered.
- the acid value of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) exceeds 800 mgKOH / g, the hydrophilic film adsorbs the acid component in the atmosphere and the odor resistance is lowered.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is 20,000 to 2,000,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is 20,000 to 2,000,000.
- the (meth) acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight of less than 20,000, hydrophilic sustainability is lowered.
- the (meth) acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight exceeding 2,000,000, the viscosity of the hydrophilizing agent becomes high and workability is inferior.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is small, the (meth) acrylic resin (A) present near the boundary with the metal surface when the moisture comes into contact with the hydrophilic film is the hydrophilic film. It will move to the surface side of.
- the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface is lowered.
- the weight average molecular weight is too small, the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface is lowered because it elutes in water.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is in the above range, the problem of reduced adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface does not occur even if water remains on the surface of the hydrophilic film. .
- a more preferable range of the weight average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) is 20,000 to 100,000.
- the value measured by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method is employ
- a solution obtained by dissolving 0.4 parts by weight of a resin sample with respect to 100 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran was used as a sample solution, and this was used as an LC-08 (A-5432) type GPC manufactured by Nippon Analytical Industrial Co., Ltd. And calculated by polystyrene conversion.
- Polyvinyl alcohol (B) contained in the hydrophilic treatment agent can be obtained by saponifying a polymer obtained by polymerizing polyvinyl acetate.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 300 to 2000 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (B) is 95% or more.
- the solid content of polyvinyl alcohol (B) in the total solid content of the hydrophilic treatment agent is 5 to 40% by mass.
- the content is preferably 10 to 25% by mass.
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) contained in the hydrophilic treatment agent is a component that imparts hydrophilicity and lubricity to the hydrophilic film. When lubricity is imparted to the hydrophilic film, workability when the surface of the aluminum fin material is pressed is improved.
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) is not particularly limited as long as the polymerization average molecular weight belongs to the above range.
- Examples of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) include polyoxyethylene (polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol), polyoxypropylene, and condensates thereof. Further, these polyalkylene ether resins may be mixed and used.
- polyoxyethylene is preferably used from the viewpoint of enhancing the hydrophilicity of the formed hydrophilic film.
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 500,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) is less than 5,000, the solubility of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) in water becomes too high, so that the hydrophilic durability of the formed hydrophilic film is lowered.
- the viscosity of a polyalkylene ether resin (C) will become high when the weight average molecular weight of a polyalkylene ether resin (C) exceeds 500,000, applicability
- paintability will deteriorate.
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 300,000.
- the hydrophilic property of polyalkylene ether resin (C) becomes high because the weight average molecular weight of polyalkylene ether resin (C) is small, a hydrophilic film can express higher super hydrophilicity.
- the solid content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) in the solid content of the hydrophilic treatment agent is 40 to 50% by mass.
- the hydrophilic film does not exhibit super hydrophilicity. If the content exceeds 50% by mass, the film component may be eluted into water.
- the ratio of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) to the content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) in the solid content of the hydrophilizing agent (the content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) / the polyalkylene ether).
- the content of the resin (C) is 1/9 to 1/1.
- the ratio (content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) / content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C)) exceeds 1/1, the superhydrophilicity of the hydrophilic film is hardly exhibited.
- the ratio (content of the polyvinyl alcohol (B) / content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C)) is preferably 1/9 to 1/2.
- the solid content of the polyalkylene ether resin (C) in the solid content of the hydrophilic treatment agent is increased.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (B) which serves as a basis for the formed hydrophilic film and enhances the adhesion to the aluminum surface
- the polyalkylene ether resin (C) present on the surface of the hydrophilic film are densely phase-separated, and the hydrophilic film It is thought that superhydrophilicity is expressed by increasing the surface irregularities.
- the solid content rate of polyalkylene ether resin (C) is made high, it exists in the tendency for the adhesiveness of a hydrophilic film and a metal surface to fall.
- the adhesiveness between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface is improved by increasing the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) present in the vicinity of the boundary with the metal surface to the above range.
- the crosslinkable fine particles (D) of the present invention include a monomer (a) represented by the following formula (I), a monomer (b) having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a polymerizable double bond, and other polymerizable monomers ( Resin particles made of a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing the monomer component consisting of c).
- the methylol group or ethylol group in (a) reacts with a functional group such as a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group in (b), or a methylol group or an ethylol group undergoes a condensation reaction.
- the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I) is N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-hydroxyethylacrylamide or N-hydroxyethylmethacrylamide.
- a hydrophilic treatment agent containing crosslinkable fine particles (D) obtained when the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I) is used a hydrophilic film excellent in the hydrophilic sustainability and the adhesiveness is used. Can be formed. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the crosslinkable fine particles (D) are obtained by copolymerizing a monomer component containing 30 to 95% by mass of the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I). If it is less than 30% by mass, the hydrophilic sustainability after the contaminants of the hydrophilic film adhere may decrease. If it exceeds 95% by mass, production may be difficult. Since the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I) is blended in the above range, it functions as a crosslinking component and also functions as a main component of the hydrophilic film forming component.
- the above formula (I) is used.
- the monomer (a) represented in the above range even after copolymerization, methylol groups and ethylol groups remain in the crosslinkable fine particles. For this reason, when a hydrophilic film is formed using the hydrophilizing agent containing the crosslinkable fine particles (D), it reacts with other hydrophilic resins to obtain strong adhesion and hydrophilic sustainability.
- the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic film can be sufficiently maintained even after the formed hydrophilic film is adhered to a plastic lubricant such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or paraffinic acid, or a contaminant such as diisooctyl phthalate.
- a plastic lubricant such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or paraffinic acid, or a contaminant such as diisooctyl phthalate.
- the crosslinkable fine particles obtained by blending the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I) have a high degree of crosslinking due to an increase in the blending amount. For this reason, it is suppressed that the hydrophilic film to be formed is dissolved by moisture, and a film having excellent adhesion (adhesion when the film is exposed to moisture) can be formed.
- the blending amount of the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I) is 30 to 95% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the monomer component.
- the lower limit is preferably 40% by mass, and the upper limit is preferably 80% by mass.
- the monomer (b) is not particularly limited as long as it is a monomer having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a polymerizable double bond, but may be a compound represented by the following formula (II) and / or the following formula (III). preferable. Thereby, crosslinkable fine particles having excellent hydrophilicity and stable in water dispersion can be obtained.
- R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and each represents hydrogen or a methyl group.
- R 5 represents hydrogen, a methyl group, SO 3 H, SO 3 Na, or SO 3 NH 4 .
- n represents an integer of 6 to 300. When it is less than 6, dispersion stability and hydrophilicity are insufficient, and when it exceeds 300, production becomes difficult.
- the lower limit is preferably 30, and the upper limit is preferably 200.
- R 6 and R 8 are the same or different and represent hydrogen or a methyl group.
- R 9 represents hydrogen, a methyl group, SO 3 H, SO 3 Na, or SO 3 NH 4 .
- R 7 represents CH 2 or a benzene ring (the following chemical formula (IV)).
- m represents an integer of 6 to 300. When it is less than 6, dispersion stability and hydrophilicity are insufficient, and when it exceeds 300, production becomes difficult.
- the lower limit is preferably 30, and the upper limit is preferably 200.
- the monomer (b) is not particularly limited.
- methoxypolyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol monoacrylate, octoxypolyethylene glycol- A polypropylene glycol monoacrylate etc. can also be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the monomer (b) is preferably a compound containing 50% by mass or more of a polyoxyalkylene chain.
- 50 mass% or more means that the total solid mass of the polyoxyalkylene chain portion is 50 mass% or more in the solid mass of 100 mass% of the monomer (b) used. If it is less than 50% by mass, the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic film may decrease.
- the monomer (b) preferably contains 80 to 99% by mass of a polyoxyalkylene chain.
- the blending amount of the monomer (b) is 5 to 60% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the monomer component. If it is less than 5% by mass, the dispersibility of the crosslinkable fine particles in the hydrophilizing agent is lowered, and the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic film is lowered. If it exceeds 60% by mass, the hydrophilic film will not have sufficient adhesiveness, and the hydrophilic durability will deteriorate after the contaminant has adhered.
- the lower limit is preferably 10% by mass, and the upper limit is preferably 40% by mass.
- the other polymerizable monomer (c) has a polymerizable unsaturated bond in one molecule and can be copolymerized with the monomer (a) represented by the formula (I) and the monomer (b). It is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound.
- vinyl monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, vinyl acetate group, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, N-vinylacetamide, N- Vinylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylimidazole, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene, unsaturated double bond-containing surfactant, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-vinylsulfonic acid, N-allyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid soda, 2 ax Ruamido 2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, and the like.
- vinyl monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, vinyl acetate group, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, N-vinylacetamide
- unsaturated monomers used for normal radical polymerization such as methyl acrylate, acrylic esters other than methyl methacrylate, and methacrylic esters, can also be used.
- acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are preferred because the hydrophilicity of the resulting crosslinkable fine particles can be improved. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the other polymerizable monomer (c) is 0 to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the monomer component. If it exceeds 50% by mass, the hydrophilicity and crosslinkability of the resulting crosslinkable fine particles (D) are lowered, and the hydrophilicity persistence after adhering contaminants of the hydrophilic film is lowered.
- the upper limit is preferably 30% by mass.
- the crosslinkable fine particles (D) of the present invention preferably have a water swelling ratio of 1.0 to 1.5.
- the water swell ratio of 1.5 or less is determined by appropriately changing the reaction conditions of the monomer (a) represented by the above formula (I), the monomer (b) and the other polymerizable monomer (c) with the above-mentioned mixing ratio. It can be obtained by setting.
- the water swelling rate is more preferably 1.0 to 1.3.
- the particle diameter (D 50 ) is a value measured using an electrophoretic light scattering photometer photo ELS-800 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- the crosslinkable fine particles (D) of the present invention include, for example, the N-methylol (meth) acrylamide (a) 30 to 95% by mass, the monomer (b) 5 to 60 having the polyoxyalkylene chain and the polymerizable double bond.
- a dispersion stabilizer 0% to 50% by mass of the above-mentioned other polymerizable monomer (c) and a water-miscible organic that dissolves the monomer used but does not substantially dissolve the resulting copolymer. It can be produced by polymerization in a solvent or in a water-miscible organic solvent / water mixed solvent.
- a dispersant may be used in combination.
- the dispersant include dispersion resins such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and polycarboxylic acid, and anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants.
- the copolymerization of the monomer component consisting of the above (a), (b) and (c) is an alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether (for example, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether). It can carry out in solvents, such as ether solvents, such as methoxypropanol, and the mixed solvent of these and water.
- Copolymerization of the monomer component consisting of (a), (b) and (c) is usually performed in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator.
- the radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and all commonly used ones can be used.
- peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroctoate, t-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexanoate; 2,2′-azobis Isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), dimethyl 2,2'-azobisiso Azo compounds such as butyrate and 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid); 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azo
- the polymerization temperature in the copolymerization can be changed depending on the type of polymerization initiator used, but a temperature in the range of 70 to 140 ° C. is usually appropriate. If it is less than 70 ° C, the crosslinkability becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 140 ° C, it is difficult to control the reaction.
- the lower limit is more preferably 90 ° C, and the upper limit is more preferably 120 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.2 to 5 hours. If it is less than 0.2 hours, the crosslinkability becomes insufficient, and even if it exceeds 5 hours, the reaction does not change, which is economically disadvantageous.
- the polymerization temperature By setting the polymerization temperature to 90 ° C. or higher, the intraparticle crosslinking can be advanced.
- the polymerization temperature is less than 70 ° C.
- the intraparticle cross-linking reaction hardly proceeds during the polymerization. Therefore, usually, after the polymerization reaction, the resulting polymer is heated at a temperature of 90 ° C. or more for 0.2 to 5 hours. An operation for advancing intra-particle crosslinking is performed.
- a crosslinking reaction catalyst may be added to the polymerization reaction system as necessary in order to advance the intraparticle crosslinking reaction of the polymer particles during or after the polymerization reaction more rapidly.
- the crosslinking reaction catalyst include strong acid catalysts such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and paratoluenesulfonic acid; and polymerizable double bond-containing strong acid catalysts such as sulfoethyl methacrylate.
- the volume average particle diameter of the crosslinkable fine particles obtained as described above is not particularly limited, but is generally in the range of 0.03 to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 0.6 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of the stability of the crosslinkable fine particles. Is within.
- the hydrophilic treatment agent containing the above-mentioned crosslinkable fine particles and a hydrophilic resin can form a hydrophilic film excellent in hydrophilic sustainability and adhesion.
- the said hydrophilization processing agent can form the hydrophilic film excellent in hydrophilic sustainability and adhesiveness, when using with respect to a metal, especially aluminum, or its alloy.
- the content of crosslinkable fine particles (D) in the total solid content of the hydrophilic treatment agent is 10 to 20% by mass. When it is less than 10% by mass, a decrease in hydrophilicity and a decrease in adhesion occur. On the other hand, when it exceeds 20 mass%, it is economically disadvantageous.
- a pigment can be added to the hydrophilic treatment agent for the purpose of forming a colored hydrophilic film.
- the pigment to be added is not particularly limited, and commonly used color pigments such as inorganic pigments and organic pigments can be used.
- hydrophilization treatment agent may be added with a necessary amount of the following other components depending on the function to be added.
- surfactants colloidal silica, titanium oxide, saccharides and other hydrophilic additives
- tannic acid imidazoles, triazines, triazoles, guanines, hydrazines, phenol resins, zirconium compounds, silane coupling agents, etc.
- Rust additives crosslinkers such as melamine resin, epoxy resin, blocked isocyanate, amine, phenol resin, silica, aluminum, zirconium; antibacterial agent, dispersant, lubricant, deodorant, solvent, and the like.
- the surface treatment method of the present invention By using the surface treatment method of the present invention, it exhibits extremely high hydrophilicity (superhydrophilicity) and is excellent in hydrophilic sustainability and also in the adhesion between the hydrophilic film and the metal surface in a state where moisture is attached. An excellent hydrophilic film can be formed.
- the surface treatment method of the present invention can be suitably applied to aluminum or an alloy thereof.
- a general method is employable as a formation method of a hydrophilic film.
- the degreasing treatment may be any of alkaline degreasing using an alkali solution such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate or the like.
- Examples of the chemical conversion treatment include phosphoric acid chromate treatment, coating chromate treatment, and non-chromate treatment.
- the phosphoric acid chromate treatment can be performed with a treatment liquid obtained by adding an additive to chromic anhydride and phosphoric acid.
- the phosphoric acid chromate treatment can be performed by dipping in the treatment liquid, spraying of the treatment liquid, or the like.
- the corrosion-resistant resin primer include acrylic, epoxy, polyester, phenol or urethane resin primer treatment.
- the chemical conversion film obtained by the phosphoric acid chromate treatment is preferably 3 to 50 mg / m 2 in terms of chromium (Cr). When it is less than 3 mg / m 2 , the rust prevention property is insufficient, and when it exceeds 50 mg / m 2 , a reaction with the hydrophilic film occurs and the hydrophilicity is lowered.
- the metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy on which the chemical conversion film is formed is usually washed with water. The washing with water at this time is preferably performed in about 10 to 30 seconds.
- the treatment agent used for the coating type chromate treatment is a chromate treatment agent using a coating treatment such as a roll coater.
- the amount of chromium in the film is preferably 5 to 30 mg / m 2 .
- the treatment agent used for the non-chromate treatment is a treatment agent not containing chromium, and examples thereof include a zirconium-based treatment agent.
- examples of the zirconium-based treatment agent include a mixture of polyacrylic acid and zircon fluoride.
- the amount of Zr in the film obtained with the zirconium-based treating agent is preferably 0.1 to 40 mg / m 2 . If it is less than 0.1 mg / m 2 , the corrosion resistance is insufficient, and if it exceeds 40 mg / m 2 , it is uneconomical. When the zirconium-based treatment is performed on the chromate treatment, the effect is even greater.
- the degreasing treatment, the chemical conversion treatment, and, if necessary, a primer treatment is performed on the chemical conversion treatment.
- the surface treatment method of the present invention comprises a step of applying the above-mentioned hydrophilization treatment agent on a metal surface such as aluminum or aluminum alloy subjected to the chemical conversion treatment.
- the coating method include a roll coating method, a bar coating method, a dipping method, a spray method, and a brush coating method.
- After coating it is preferable to obtain a hydrophilic film by drying and baking at a temperature of 120 to 300 ° C. for 3 seconds to 60 minutes. If the baking temperature is less than 120 ° C., sufficient film-forming property cannot be obtained, and the film may be dissolved after being immersed in water. When it exceeds 300 degreeC, there exists a possibility that resin may decompose
- the hydrophilic film formed by the above-mentioned surface treatment method is a film formed on the surface of metal, particularly aluminum and its alloy, and is excellent in hydrophilicity, particularly hydrophilic sustainability after adhesion of contaminants, and also in adhesion. Excellent film.
- the film thickness of the hydrophilic coating is preferably 0.05 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ 2g / m 2. If the film thickness is less than 0.05 g / m 2 , the hydrophilic sustainability and processability of the film may be insufficient.
- PAA-1 polyacrylic acid (weight average molecular weight: 20000, acid value 780 mgKOH / g)
- PAA-2 polyacrylic acid (weight average molecular weight: 6000, acid value: 780 mg KOH / g)
- PAA-AAm copolymer of polyacrylic acid and acrylamide (weight average molecular weight: 20,000, acid value: 40 mgKOH / g)
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol (weight average molecular weight: 20000, saponification degree: 98.5)
- PEO Polyethylene oxide (weight average molecular weight: 500000)
- PEG-1 Polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight: 20000)
- PEG-2 Polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight: 1000)
- PEO-PPO Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene condensate (weight average molecular weight: 15500)
- Resin particles crosslinkable fine particles (production method will be described later)
- ACVA manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., azo initiator
- the solution was added dropwise over a period of time, and further heated and stirred for 1 hour for polymerization.
- the average particle diameter of the crosslinkable fine particles was 350 nm
- the water swelling ratio of the crosslinkable fine particles was 1.15
- the viscosity Ford Cup No. 4 was 18 seconds and the solid content concentration was 20% by mass.
- ⁇ Preparation of test plate> A 1000 series aluminum material of 150 mm ⁇ 200 mm ⁇ 0.13 mm was degreased with a 1% solution of Surf Cleaner EC370 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. for 5 seconds at 70 ° C., and a 10% solution of Alsurf 407/47 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. was used. Then, phosphoric acid chromate treatment was performed at 40 ° C. for 5 seconds. Next, each of the hydrophilizing agents obtained above was adjusted to a solid content of 5%, applied to the aluminum material with a bar coater # 4, heated at 220 ° C. for 20 seconds and dried to obtain a test plate. Produced. This test plate was used for the following evaluation.
- a test plate was molded to a fin pitch of 1.2 mm to obtain a plate fin.
- 300 plate fins were laminated and expanded with an internally grooved tube having an outer diameter of ⁇ 7 mm to obtain a fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- Ventilation resistance Pa and ventilation resistance Pb were measured with the obtained heat exchanger.
- the ventilation resistance Pa indicates the ventilation resistance value measured at a wind speed condition of 1.5 m / s of the plate fin heat exchanger in a state where the fins are dry.
- the ventilation resistance Pb is a plate in a state where condensed water is generated on the fin surface by being placed in an environment with a dry bulb temperature of 27 ° C. and a wet bulb temperature of 20 ° C.
- Example 3 From comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 6, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 3 was superior in super hydrophilicity. Moreover, from the comparison between Example 4 and Comparative Example 7, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 4 was superior in super hydrophilicity. From these results, it was confirmed that the hydrophilicity of the formed hydrophilic film is improved when the content of the polyalkylene ether resin contained in the hydrophilic treatment agent is 40 to 50% by mass.
- Example 9 From a comparison between Example 9 and Comparative Example 5, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 9 was superior in superhydrophilicity, hydrophilic durability and WET adhesion. From this result, when the content of the polyvinyl alcohol with respect to the content of the polyalkylene ether contained in the hydrophilization treatment agent is 1/9 or more, the formed hydrophilic film is in contact with the metal surface in a state where moisture is attached. It was confirmed that it was excellent in adhesion and hydrophilic sustainability.
- Example 3 From a comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 3 was superior in hydrophilic sustainability. Moreover, from the comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 2 was superior in superhydrophilicity and hydrophilic sustainability. From these results, when the solid content of the (meth) acrylic resin (A) contained in the hydrophilic treatment agent is 10 to 30% by mass, the formed hydrophilic film is superhydrophilic and hydrophilic. It was confirmed to be excellent.
- Example 5 From comparison between Example 5 and Comparative Example 9, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 5 was superior in hydrophilicity, hydrophilic sustainability, adhesion, and processability. From this result, when the solid content of the resin particles (D) contained in the hydrophilizing agent is 10% by mass or more, the formed hydrophilic film has hydrophilicity, its durability, adhesion, and processability. It was confirmed to be excellent.
- Example 1 From the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 1 was superior in superhydrophilicity and hydrophilic sustainability. From this result, it is confirmed that the hydrophilic film formed is excellent in super hydrophilicity and hydrophilic sustainability by adjusting the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic resin contained in the hydrophilizing agent to a specific range (20,000 to 2,000,000). It was done.
- Example 1 From the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, it was found that the hydrophilic film of Example 1 was superior in WET adhesion. From this result, it was confirmed that by adjusting the acid value of the acrylic resin contained in the hydrophilic treatment agent to a specific range (100 to 800 mgKOH / g), the formed hydrophilic film has excellent WET adhesion. .
- the surface treatment method of the present invention exhibits extremely high hydrophilicity (superhydrophilicity), is excellent in hydrophilic sustainability, and is excellent in adhesion between a hydrophilic film and a metal surface in a state where moisture is attached.
- a hydrophilic film can be formed on the metal surface.
- the surface treatment method of this invention can be preferably utilized as a method of forming a hydrophilic film on the surface of the fin of a heat exchanger such as an air conditioner.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、従来の親水化処理剤では、フィン材間の狭いアルミニウム製熱交換器に超親水性を有する親水皮膜を形成するのが難しかった。
アルミニウム製熱交換器に使用されるアルミニウム製フィン材の表面に対し、化成処理剤を接触させて化成皮膜を形成する工程、及び前記工程で得られた化成皮膜に対して親水化処理剤を接触させて親水皮膜を形成する工程を有するアルミニウム製熱交換器の表面処理方法であって、
前記親水化処理剤は、アクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位及び/又はメタクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)、ポリビニルアルコール(B)、ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)、及び架橋性微粒子(D)、を含有する親水化処理剤であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)は、
(1)スルホ基を有するモノマーに由来する繰り返し単位及びアミド基を有するモノマーに由来する繰り返し単位を有さず、
(2)重量平均分子量が20000~2000000であり、
(3)樹脂固形分酸価が100~800mgKOH/gであり、
前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)は、重量平均分子量が5000~500000であり、
前記架橋性微粒子(D)は、下記式(I)で表されるモノマー(a)30~95質量%、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖及び重合性二重結合を有するモノマー(b)5~60質量%、並びに、その他の重合性モノマー(c)0~50質量%を共重合してなり、
前記親水化処理剤固形分中の前記(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)の固形分含有率が10~30質量%であり、前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の固形分含有率が5~40質量%であり、前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)が40~50質量%であり、前記架橋性微粒子(D)が10~20質量%であり、
前記親水化処理剤固形分中における、前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)の含有量に対する前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の含有量の比(前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の含有量/前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)の含有量)は、1/9~1/1であることを特徴とするアルミニウム製フィン材の親水皮膜被覆方法を提供する。
本発明に用いる親水化処理剤が塗布されてなるアルミニウムコイルに対して所定の加工が施されてフィンが構成される。
本発明の熱交換器は、銅合金から構成される冷媒配管を、アルミニウム製フィン材に設けられた円筒状のカラー部内に挿入配設することにより、上記冷媒配管と上記フィン材とを一体的に組み付けてなるクロスフィンチューブから構成される熱交換器である。
本発明の表面処理方法は、特定の親水化処理剤を用いる。この特定の親水化処理剤は、特定の親水性樹脂と特定の架橋性微粒子とを特定の割合で含有する。これらの成分を含有することにより、形成される親水皮膜は、極めて高い親水性(超親水性)を発現する上に親水持続性にも優れ且つ水分が付着した状態での親水皮膜と金属表面との密着性にも優れる。
本発明の親水性樹脂は、アクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位及び/又はメタクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)、ポリビニルアルコール(B)、及び、ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)を含有することを必須とする。
なお、ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)の固形分含有率を高くすると、親水皮膜と金属表面との密着性が低下する傾向にある。本発明では、金属表面との境界付近に存在する(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)の固形分含有率を高くして上記の範囲とすることにより、親水皮膜と金属表面との密着性を向上させる。
本発明の架橋性微粒子(D)は、下記式(I)で表されるモノマー(a)、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖及び重合性二重結合を有するモノマー(b)、並びに、その他の重合性モノマー(c)からなるモノマー成分を共重合して得られる共重合体からなる樹脂粒子である。上記架橋性微粒子(D)は、上記(a)のメチロール基、エチロール基と上記(b)のカルボキシル基、水酸基等の官能基とが反応したり、メチロール基、エチロール基同士が縮合反応したり、上記(c)のカルボキシル基、水酸基と反応したりする。このため、親水化処理剤の成分として上記架橋性微粒子(D)を使用した場合、水不溶性の強固な親水皮膜を金属表面に形成することができる。また、上記架橋性微粒子(D)は、親水性が高く、未反応官能基を比較的多く有するため、親水化処理剤の成分として使用した場合、他の親水性樹脂と反応し、親水性は損なわれず、汚染物質が付着した後の親水持続性を大幅に向上させることができる。さらに、上記架橋性微粒子(D)は、水に対する膨潤率が比較的小さいものであるため、形成される親水皮膜が水に溶解してしまうことも抑制される。
上記親水化処理剤には、着色した親水皮膜を形成する目的で、顔料を添加することができる。添加する顔料としては特に限定されず、無機顔料、有機顔料等の通常使用されている着色顔料を使用することができる。
本発明の表面処理方法を用いることによって、極めて高い親水性(超親水性)を発現する上に親水持続性にも優れ且つ水分が付着した状態での親水皮膜と金属表面との密着性にも優れる親水皮膜を形成することができる。特に、本発明の表面処理方法は、アルミニウム又はその合金に対して好適に適用することができる方法である。なお、上記の効果は上記の特定の親水化処理剤を用いることによって奏するため、親水皮膜の形成方法としては一般的な方法を採用可能である。
PAA-1:ポリアクリル酸(重量平均分子量:20000、酸価780mgKOH/g)
PAA-2:ポリアクリル酸(重量平均分子量:6000、酸価780mgKOH/g)
PAA-AAm:ポリアクリル酸とアクリルアミドの共重合体(重量平均分子量:20,000、酸価40mgKOH/g)
PVA:ポリビニルアルコール(重量平均分子量:20000、けん化度:98.5)
PEO:ポリエチレンオキサイド(重量平均分子量:500000)
PEG-1:ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:20000)
PEG-2:ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:1000)
PEO-PPO:ポリオキシエチレン-ポリオキシプロピレン縮合物(重量平均分子量:15500)
樹脂粒子:架橋性微粒子(製造方法を後述する)
メトキシプロパノール200質量部にN-メチロールアクリルアミド60質量部及びメトキシポリエチレングリコールモノメタクリレート(繰り返し単位数が100のポリエチレン鎖)20質量部、アクリル酸10質量部、アクリルアミド10質量部を溶解させたモノマー溶液と、メトキシプロパノール50質量部に「ACVA」(大塚化学株式会社製、アゾ系開始剤)1質量部を溶解させた溶液とをそれぞれ別口から、窒素雰囲気下105℃でメトキシプロパノール150質量部に3時間かけて滴下し、さらに1時間加熱攪拌して重合させた。得られた分散液において、架橋性微粒子の平均粒子径350nm、架橋性微粒子の水膨潤率1.15、粘度フォードカップNo.4で18秒、固形分濃度20質量%であった。
表1及び表2に示す成分を、表1及び表2に示す割合(親水化処理剤の固形分中の含有量(単位:質量%))で混合して、実施例に用いる親水化処理剤及び比較例に用いる親水化処理剤を調製した。
150mm×200mm×0.13mmの1000系アルミニウム材を日本ペイント株式会社製サーフクリーナーEC370の1%溶液にて、70℃で5秒間脱脂し、日本ペイント株式会社製アルサーフ407/47の10%溶液を用いて40℃5秒間リン酸クロメート処理した。次いで、上記で得られた各親水化処理剤を固形分5%に調整し、バーコーター#4でこれを上記アルミニウム材に塗布し、220℃で20秒間加熱して乾燥させて、試験板を作製した。この試験板を以下の評価に用いた。
試験板の水滴との接触角を評価した。接触角の測定は、FACE自動接触角計「CA-Z」(協和界面化学株式会社製)を使用して実施した。室温で滴下後30秒後の水滴との接触角を測定した。測定された接触角に基いて、親水性を下記基準により評価した。評価結果を表1及び表2に示した。なお、評価がB以上であれば、親水性が良好である。
(評価基準)
A:水接触角が5°以下
B:5°超、10°以下
C:10°超、20°以下
D:20°超、30°以下
E:30°超
試験板を純水に240時間浸漬した後、水滴との接触角を評価した。接触角の測定は、FACE自動接触角計「CA-Z」(協和界面化学株式会社製)を使用して実施した。室温で滴下後30秒後の水滴との接触角を測定した。測定された接触角に基いて、親水性を下記基準により評価した。評価結果を表1及び表2に示した。なお、評価がB以上であれば、親水性が良好である。
(評価基準)
A:水接触角が5°以下
B:5°超、10°以下
C:10°超、20°以下
D:20°超、30°以下
E:30°超
荷重が2ポンドのハンマーの先端にキムワイプ4枚を折って16枚重ねになるように装着した後、重ね折りしたキムワイプに水をしみこませ、試験板表面に設置した。続いて、試験板に、垂直に荷重がかかるようハンマーを摺動させて、親水皮膜の剥離が見られる摺動回数を確認した。WET密着性を下記基準により評価した。評価結果を表1及び表2に示した。なお、評価がC以上であれば、密着性が良好である。
(評価基準)
A:10回以上の摺動回数で親水皮膜が剥離
B:7回以上、10回未満の摺動回数で親水皮膜が剥離
C:4回以上、7回未満の摺動回数で親水皮膜が剥離
D:1回以上、4回未満の摺動回数で親水皮膜が剥離
試験板表面に加工油を塗布した後、絞り率48%になるよう単発プレスを実施した。プレス後のカラー部塗膜の剥離の程度に基いて、下記基準により加工性を評価した。評価結果を表1及び表2に示した。なお、評価がB以上であれば、加工性が良好である。
(評価基準)
A:まったく変化が見られなかった
B:わずかに剥離が観察された
C:縦筋として剥離が観察された
D:全面剥離が観察された
試験板をフィンピッチ1.2mmに成形し、プレートフィンを得た。このプレート
フィンを300枚積層し、外径Φ7mmの内面溝付き管にて拡管し、フィンアンドチューブ型の熱交換器とした。この得られた熱交換器にて通風抵抗Pa及び通風抵抗Pbを測定した。通風抵抗Paは、フィンが乾いている状態のプレートフィン熱交換器の、風速条件1.5m/sにおいて測定される通風抵抗値を示している。また、通風抵抗Pbは、乾球温度27℃・湿球温度20℃の環境下に配置し、3℃の冷媒にて5時間運転させることで、フィン表面に凝縮水を発生させた状態のプレートフィン熱交換器の、風速条件1.5m/sにおいて測定される通風抵抗値を示している。通風抵抗B(Pb)/通風抵抗(Pa)の値を求め、下記基準により通風抵抗を評価した。評価結果を表1及び表2に示す。
A:1.0≦(Pb/Pa)<1.2
B:1.2≦(Pb/Pa)<1.5
C:1.5≦(Pb/Pa)<2.0
D:2.0≦(Pb/Pa)
-:通風抵抗の測定ができなかった。
Claims (3)
- アルミニウム製熱交換器に使用されるアルミニウム製フィン材の表面に対し、化成処理剤を接触させて化成皮膜を形成する工程、及び前記工程で得られた化成皮膜に対して親水化処理剤を接触させて親水皮膜を形成する工程を有するアルミニウム製熱交換器の表面処理方法であって、
前記親水化処理剤は、アクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位及び/又はメタクリル酸モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)、ポリビニルアルコール(B)、ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)、及び架橋性微粒子(D)、を含有する親水化処理剤であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)は、
(1)スルホ基を有するモノマーに由来する繰り返し単位及びアミド基を有するモノマーに由来する繰り返し単位を有さず、
(2)重量平均分子量が20000~2000000であり、
(3)樹脂固形分酸価が100~800mgKOH/gであり、
前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)は、重量平均分子量が5000~500000であり、
前記架橋性微粒子(D)は、下記式(I)で表されるモノマー(a)30~95質量%、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖及び重合性二重結合を有するモノマー(b)5~60質量%、並びに、その他の重合性モノマー(c)0~50質量%を共重合してなり、
前記親水化処理剤固形分中の前記(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A)の固形分含有率が10~30質量%であり、前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の固形分含有率が5~40質量%であり、前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)が40~50質量%であり、前記架橋性微粒子(D)が10~20質量%であり、
前記親水化処理剤固形分中における、前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)の含有量に対する前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の含有量の比(前記ポリビニルアルコール(B)の含有量/前記ポリアルキレンエーテル樹脂(C)の含有量)は、1/9~1/1であることを特徴とするアルミニウム製フィン材の親水皮膜被覆方法。 - 請求項1記載の親水皮膜被覆方法により、表面に親水皮膜が形成されたことを特徴とするアルミニウム製フィン材。
- 請求項2記載のアルミニウム製フィン材を用いてなるアルミニウム製熱交換器。
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WO2016195081A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-08 | 日本ペイント・サーフケミカルズ株式会社 | 親水化処理剤、親水皮膜形成方法及び親水皮膜 |
JP2018023932A (ja) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | 日本ペイント・サーフケミカルズ株式会社 | アルミニウム製フィン材の親水皮膜被覆方法、アルミニウム製フィン材及びアルミニウム製熱交換器 |
WO2020022213A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Uacj | プレコートアルミニウム材 |
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